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SWARTHMORE
COLLEGE
BULLETIN
CATALOGUE
1949-1950
The Bulletin, of which this publication is Volume X LV II, No. 1, is pub
lished quarterly by Swarthmore College, from the College Office, Swarthmore,
PaEntered at the post office at Swarthmore, Pa., as second-class matter, in
accordance with provision of the Act of Congress of August 24, 1912.
Printed in U. S. A.
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
BULLETIN
CATALOGUE
1949-1950
SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA
Volume X L V II
Number 1
Tenth Month, 1949
Directions tor Correspondence
For information about:
G EN ER A L C O L L E G E POLICY
J ohn W . Nason, President
J ames A. Pebkins, Vice-President
ADMISSIONS AND SCHOLARSHIPS
For men: D ean E verett L. H unt
For women: D ean Susan P. C obbs
RECORDS, TRANSCRIPTS AND CATALOGUES
J ohn M. M oore, Registrar
FIN AN CIAL INFORMATION
C harles G. T hatcher, Business Manager
VOCATIONAL PLA C EM EN T AND GUIDANCE
Kenneth Allebach, Acting Vocational Director for Men
B arbara C olbron, Associate Dean
ALUM NI AFFAIRS
Kenneth Allebach, Acting Alumni Secretary
G EN ER A L INFORMATION
J anet M. B aldwin, Director of Publicity
D IRECTO RY O F FA C U LT Y AND STUDENTS
Obtainable upon request to the Registrar
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
•
SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA
2
Table of Contents
PAGE
4
C alendar ......................................................................................... ....................................... .
P ersonnel ................................................•............... ............................................. ..................
The Corporation and The Board of Managers................................................
The Faculty ............................ ..............................................•••••••—............. ‘......
Divisions and Departments.................................................................................
Standing Committees ............................................................................................
Administrative Officers and Assistants...............................................................
Honorary Curators of the Biddle Memorial Library.....................................
7
8
.
10
.
.
18
19
. 20
. 22
to S w arthm ore C o l leg e .................................................................... .
The College Community.................... ...... .......................................................... .
The Purposes and Policies of Swarthmore College......................................... .
Admissions Procedure ..................................... -............ -..... ............................... .
.
Student Aid and Scholarships................».......................................................... .
Educational Resources ........................................................................................ .
College Life ............ ........ ...... ?.....•■•••................................................................... .
Student Community ............................................................................................. .
T h e E ducational P rogram .............................................................. ?..... ......................... .
Program for Freshmen and Sophomores.......................................................... .
Program for Juniors and Seniors....................................................................... .
Honors Work ....................................................................................................... .
Pre-Medical Program .................................................................................. ........ .
Faculty Regulations .................................... - .................................... :•••••'.......... .
Requirements for Graduation............................................................................... .
Advanced Degrees .......... ........ ,..................................—......... ........................... .
Awards and Prizes................................................................................................. .
Fellowships ............................. .............- ................ ........................ ï.................. » .
C ourses of I nstruction ..................................................................................... ................. .
.
Chemistry ........................................................................... g............................. :••• .
.
.
Engineering ................... ....................................... —................................... ........ .
English ..................... ...... ................... - ....................... - ........................................ .
.
German Language and Literature ................................................................... .
.
Mathematics and Astronomy......................................... .................................... .
Music .............................................................................................................. ....... .
Philosophy and Religion......... .............................................................................. .
Physical Education for Men................................................................................. .
Physical Education for Women.......................................................................... .
.
Political Science .................................................................................... ................ .
Psychology and Education................................................................................. .
Romance Languages .........................................................................................— .
Russian Studies ............................ ........................................................................ .
Zoology .............................................................................. ..................................... .
R e fer e n c e S ection .................................................................................... .............—....... :
Visiting Examiners ......................................................... ....................................... .
Degrees Conferred.................... ........................................................................... .
Distribution of Students........................................................................................ .
Bibliography of Swarthmore, 1939-1949 ...................................................... .
.
Plan of College Grounds..................................................................................... .
I ntroduction
3
23
24
25
28
32
33
41
45
49
51
53
55
56
60
60
63
64
66
67
69
70
73
78
82
85
98
103
106
109
114
121
123
128
129
131
133
136
142
147
148
153
154
155
163
164
167
172
1949
s
2
9
16
23
30
M
O C TO BER
T W T
F
3 4 5 6 7
10 11 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
S
S
1
8
15
22
29
6 7
13 14
20 21
27 28
M
NOVEMBER
T W T
1 2 3
8 9 10
15 16 17
22 23 24
29 30
DECEM BER
F S
4 5
11 12
18 19
25 26
S
M
W
T
4 5 6 7
11 12 13 14
18 19 20 21
25 26 27 28
T F S
1 2 3
8 9 10
15 16 17
22 23 24
29 30 31
1950
S
1
8
15
22
29
M
2
9
16
23
30
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
S
M
JANUARY
T W T F S
3 4 5 6 7
10 n 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
FEBRUARY
T W
T F S
1 2 3 4
7 8 9 10 11
14 15 16 17 18
21 22 23 24 25
28
M ARCH
T W T
1 2
7 8 9
14 15 16
21 22 23
28 29 30
T
APRIL
W T
F S
3 4
10 11
17 18
24 25
31
F
2 3 4 5 6 7
9 10 11 12 13 14
16 17 18 19 20 21
23 24 25 26 27 28
30
S
1
8
15
22
29
7
14
21
28
MAY
M T W
1 2 3
8 9 10
15 16 17
22 23 24
29 30 31
S
M
S
4 5
11 12
18 19
25 26
S
2
9
16
23
30
S
M
T F S
4 5 6
11 12 13
18 19 20
25 26 27
JU N E
W T F S
1 2 3
6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17
20 21 22 23 24
27 28 29 30
T
T
JULY
W T
F
3 4 5 6 7
10 11 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
M
6 7
13 14
20 21
27 28
S
1
8
15
22
29
A U G U ST
T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5
8 9 10 11 12
15 16 17 18 19
22 23 24 25 26
29 30 31
3 4
10 11
17 18
24 25
SEPTEMBER
T W T F
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29
S
1
8
15
22
29
M
2
9
16
23
30
O C TO BER
T W T F S
3 4 5 6 7
10 11 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
S
M
S
M
S
2
9
16
23
30
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
NOVEM BER
T W T F S
1 2 3 4
7 8 9 10 11
14 15 16 17 18
21 22 23 24 25
28 29 30
S
DECEM BER
T W T
M
3 4 5 6 7
10 11 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
F
1
8
15
22
29
S
2
9
16
23
30
1951
JAN U ARY
M T w T F S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31
S
S
M
4 5
11 12
18 19
25 26
FEBRUARY
T w T F S
i
2 3
6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17
20 21 22 23 24
27 28
S
M
4 5
n 12
18 19
25 26
S
1
8
15
22
29
MARCH
T W T F S
1 2 3
6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17
20 21 22 23 24
27 28 29 30 31
APRIL
M T W T F S
2 3 4 5 6 7
9 10 n 12 13 14
16 17 18 19 20 21
23 24 25 26 27 28
30
4
S
M
6 7
13 14
20 21
27 28
S
M
T
i
8
15
22
29
T
MAY
W
2
9
16
23
30
T F S
3 4 5
10 11 12
17 18 19
24 25 26
31
JU N E
W T
3 4 5 Ó 7
10 11 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
F S
i
2
8 9
15 16
22 23
29 30
College Calendar
1949
Winter Semester
Ninth Month 22-25 ............ Freshman placement days
Ninth Month 2 6 ......................Registration, 1:30 p.m.
Ninth Month 2 7 ......................Classes and honors seminars begin
Tenth Month 4 ......................Meeting of the Board of Managers
Eleventh Month 3 ................. Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Eleventh Month 2 4 ...............Thanksgiving Day (holiday)
Twelfth Month 6 ................. Annual Meeting of the Board of Managers
Twelfth Month 2 0 ................. Christmas recess begins, 6:00 p.m.
1950
First
First
First
First
First
First
Month 3 ........................ Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Month 4 ........................Christmas recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
Month 14 ......................Classes end for second-semester seniors
Month 19 ......................Classes end
Month 20 ......................Registration, 1:30 p.m.
Month 20-21 ................. Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
First Month 21 .....................Honors seminars end
First Month 23 .....................Mid-year examinations begin
First Month 30 .....................Honors seminars begin for spring semester
Second Month 2 ................... Mid-year examinations end
Spring Semester
Second Month 6 ....................Classes begin
Second Month 7 ................... Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Third Month 7 ..................... Meeting of the Board of Managers
Third Month 25 ................... Spring recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 3 ................... Spring recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 4 ................... Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Fifth Month 2 ........................Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Fifth Month 13 .....................Honors seminars end
Fifth Month 20 .................... Classes end for second-semester seniors
Fifth Month 22 .................... Honors written examinations begin
Fifth Month 25 ..................... Classes end
Fifth Month 26 ......................Enrollment in classes for winter semester, 1:30 p.m.
Fifth Month 26-27 ...............Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
Fifth Month 29 ......................Final examinations begin
Fifth Month 30 ......................Honors written examinations end
Sixth Month 1-3 ................... Honors oral examinations
Sixth Month 8 ........................Final examinations end
Sixth Month 9 ........................Meeting of the Board of Managers
Sixth Month 9 ........................Class Day
Sixth Month 10 ..................... Alumni Day
Sixth Month 11 ......................Baccalaureate Day
Sixth Month 12 ......................Commencement Day
5
1950
Winter Semester
Ninth Month 2 1 - 2 4 .............. Freshman placement days
Ninth Month 25 ....................Registration, 1:00 p.m.
Ninth Month 26 ................... Classes and honors seminars begin
Tenth Month 3 ......................Meeting of the Board of Managers
Eleventh Month 9 ................. Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Eleventh Month 23 ...............Thanksgiving Day (holiday)
Twelfth Month 5 .................. Annual Meeting of the Board of Managers
Twelfth Month 2 0 ................ Christmas recess begins, 6:00 p.m.
1951
First Month 2 ........................ Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
First Month 4 ........................ Christmas recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
First Month 18 ......................Classes end
First Month 19 ...................... Registration, 1:30 p.m.
First Month 1 9 -2 0 ................. Review period for course students
First Month 20 ................ .....Honors seminars end
First Month 22 ......................Mid-year examinations begin
First Month 29 ......................Honors seminars begin for spring semester
Second Month 1 ................... Mid-year examinations end
Spring Semester
Second Month 5 ................... Classes begin
Second Month 6 ................... Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Third Month 6 ....................... Meeting of the Board of Managers
Third Month 2 4 ..................... Spring recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 2 ......................Spring recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 3 ..................... Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Fifth Month 1 ........................Executive Committee of the Board of Managers
Fifth Month 12 ......................Honors seminars end
Fifth Month 19 ......................Classes end for second-semester seniors
Fifth Month 21 ......................Honors written examinationsbegin
Fifth Month 2 4 ....................Classes end
Fifth Month 25 ..................... Enrollment in classes for winter semester, 1:30 p.m.
Fifth Month 25-26 ...............Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
Fifth Month 28 ......................Final examinations begin
Fifth Month 29 ......................Honors written examinations end
Fifth Month 31 .................... Honors oral examinations
Sixth Month 1-2 ................... Honors oral examinations
Sixth Month 7 ...................... Final examinations end
Sixth Month 8 ........................ Meeting of the Board of Managers
Sixth Month 8 ........................ Class Day
Sixth Month 9 ........................Alumni Day
Sixth Month 1 0 ..................... Baccalaureate Day
Sixth Month 11 ......................Commencement Day
6
PERSONNEL
OF
SWARTHMORE
COLLEGE
The Corporation
H oward C oo per J ohnson , President
801 Market St., Philadelphia 5, Pa.
C laude C. S m it h , Vice-President
1617 Land Title Building, Philadelphia 10, Pa.
Ada G raham C l e m e n t , Secretary
Meeting House Road, Jenkintown, Pa.
E. L aw ren ce W o rsta ll , Treasurer
33 Dudley Avenue, Lansdowne, Pa.
Board of Managers
Em eriti
H e t t y L ip pin c o tt M il l e r , Riverton, N. J.
E l sie P a l m e r B row n , 1622 Twenty-ninth Street, N. W ., Washington, D. C.
C h arles F. J en kin s , 232 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa.
H en ry C. T urn er , 420 Lexington Avenue, New York 17, N. Y.
C l e m e n t M. B id d le , P.O. B ox 743, Church St., Sta., New York 8, N. Y.
R o b er t P y l e , West Grove, Pa.
L ife M em bers
E leanor S t a b l e r C la r k e , Crumwald Farm, Wallingford, Pa.
Ada G raham C l e m e n t , Meeting House Road, Jenkintown, Pa.
I saac H. C lo th ier , J r ., 801 Market Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa.
M ary L ip pin c o tt G risco m , 314 East Central Avenue, Moorestown, N. J.
H oward C oo per J ohnson , 801 Market Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa.
H adassah M oore L eed s , 1025 Westview Street, Philadelphia 19, Pa.
C laude C. S m it h , 1617 Land Title Building, Philadelphia 10, Pa.
B arclay W h it e , 22 North Thirty-sixth Street, Philadelphia 4, Pa.
Term Expires T w elfth Month, 1949
P h e b e U n d erh ill S ea m a n , Jericho, N. Y.
R uth P o t te r A shton , 409 Elm Avenue, Swarthmore, Pa.
E l isa be th H a l lo w e ll B a r t l e t t , 1922 Mount Royal Terrace, Baltimore 17, Md.
Nicholas K e l l e y , 70 Broadway, New York 4, N. Y.
E dward P. P a l m e r , 5 0 Church Street, New York 7, N. Y.
E. L aw ren ce W o rsta ll , 33 Dudley Avenue, Lansdowne, Pa.
•E leanor R unk R e p p e r t , 746 Limekiln Pike, Glenside, Pa.
Term Expires T w elfth Month, 1950
I sa b el J en kins B ooth , 400 Delaware Street, New Castle, Del.
H el e n G aw th rop W orth , Claymont, Del.
T heodore W iding , 800 Lincoln-Liberty Building, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
•Nora R. B ooth , 920 Clinton Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
•J ohn E. O rchard , 88 Morningside Drive, New York 27, N. Y.
T erm Expires T w elfth Month, 1951
R o bert E. L a m b , 3429 West Indiana Avenue, Philadelphia 32, Pa.
T hom as B. M c C a b e , Front and Market Streets, Chester, Pa.
Anna E n gle T aylor , 8240 Fairview Road, Philadelphia 17, Pa.
B oyd T. B arnard , 914 Lincoln-Liberty Building, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
•Raymond K. D en w orth , 117 South Seventeenth Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa.
T erm Expires T w elfth Month, 1952
T. S tockton M a tth ew s , South and Redwood Streets, Baltimore 3, Md.
L ydia F oulke T aylor , 23 Summit Avenue, Larchmont, N. Y.
E dith W ilson J ackson , 317 North Chester Road, Swarthmore, Pa.
F rank A yd elo tte , 88 Battle Road, Princeton, N. J.
P h il ip T. S h a rples , Twenty-third and Westmoreland Streets, Philadelphia 40, Pa.
•Richard H. M c F e e l y , George School, Bucks County, Pa.
• Nominated by the Alumni Association.
8
C ommittees
of the
B oabd
T he President is ex-O fficio a M em ber o f Every Com m ittee
E xecutive
B arclay W h ite
M ary L ip pin c o tt G riscom
I saac H. C lo th ier , J r .
R o bert E . L a m b
Ada G raham C le m e n t
L ydia F oulke T aylor
E leanor S t a b l e r C larke
E dith W ilson J ackson
C laude C. S m it h
R uth P o tter A shton
H adassah M oore L eeds
B oyd T . B arnard
T heodore W iding
P h il ip T . S h arples
•
R o bert P y le
Finance
T heodore W iding
C laude C. S m ith
N icholas K e l l e y
M ary L ippin c o tt G riscom
R o bert E . L a m b
P h il ip T . S h arples
E . L aw rence W orstall
C l e m e n t M. B iddle
Instruction and L ibraries
H e l en G aw throp W orth
T heodore W iding
F rank Ayd elo tte
E dward P. P a l m er
R ichard H. M c F e e l y
C l e m e n t M. B iddle
C laude C. S m ith
R uth P o tter A shton
P h ebe U n derh ill S eaman
E dith W ilson J ackson
H adassah M oore L eeds
L ydia F oulke T aylor
R o b er t P y le
Property
B oyd T . B arnard
I sa b el J enkins B ooth
R aymond K. D en w orth
R o bert E . L am b
M ary L ip pin c o tt G riscom
B arclay W h it e
R o bert P y l e
Trusts
H oward C ooper J ohnson
I saac H. C lo th ier , J r .
T . S tockton M atth ew s
B oyd T . B arnard
T homas B . M c C a be
E . L aw ren ce W orstall
C h arles F . J enkins
H ousehold and Student Affairs
M ary L ip pin c o tt G riscom
Ada G raham C le m e n t
E leanor S t a b l e r C larke
E l isa be th H a llo w ell B a r t le tt
I sa b el J enkins B ooth
Anna E ngle T aylor
E leanor R unk R e p p e r t
N ora R. B ooth
Nominating
B oyd T . B arnard
I sa b el J enkins B ooth
C h arles F . J enkins
C l e m e n t M. B iddle
R o bert E . L am b
Ada G raham C l e m e n t
T . S tockton M atth ew s
A nna E n gle T aylor
9
*
The Faculty
J ohn W. N ason , President....................................................................... 324 Cedar Lane
B.A., Carleton College; B.A., University of Oxford; M.A., Harvard University;
L L.D ., University of Pennsylvania, Carleton College; Litt.D., ■Muhlenberg
College, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital of Philadelphia.
J a m es A. P erk in s , Vice-President........................................925 Strath Haven Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Princeton University.
S usan P. C o bbs , D ean and Professor o f Classics........................................West House
B.A., Randolph-Macon Woman’s College; M.A., New York University; Ph.D.
University of Chicago.
E v e r e t t L. H un t , D ean an d Professor o f English......................... j604 Elm Avenue
B.A., Huron College; M.A., University of Chicago; D.Litt., Huron College.
J ohn M. M oore , A ssociate D ean, Registrar and A ssociate Professor o f Philosophy,
2 Whittier Place
B.A., Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary; M.A., Harvard Uni
versity; Ph.D., Columbia University.
B arbara C olbron , A ssociate D ean............................................. ...................Parrish Hall
B.A., Bryn Mawr College.
C harles G. T hatcher , Business M anager...................................613 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M .E., Cornell University; M.M.E., Johns Hopkins
University.
E meriti
A l fr ed M a n sfield B rooks , Professor Emeritus o f F in e Arts........ Gloucester, Mass.
B.A., and M.A., Harvard University; M.A., Indiana University.
H arold C la rk e G oddard, Professor Em eritus o f English........ 915 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Amherst College; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
H en r iett a J o seph in e M e e t e e r , Professor Em eritus o f G reek an d Latin,
309 Warwick Road, Haddonfield, N. J.
B.A., Indiana University; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
S a m u el C opeland P a l m e r , Professor Em eritus o f Botany,
26th and Chestnut Streets, Chester, Pa.
B.A. and M.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
10
;
Professors
M ary Alb er t so n , Professor o f History........................................405 Walnut Lane
B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Bryn Mawr College.
S olomon E. A sch , Professor o f Psychology...„ ...............................513 Elm Avenue
B.S., College of the City of New York; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
H ein rich B rinkm ann , Professor o f M athem atics..................... 403 Walnut Lane
B.A., Leland Stanford Junior University; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
S a m u el T. C a rpen ter , Professor o f Civil Engineering.............612 Ogden Avenue
B.C.E., C.E. and M.S., Ohio State University.
E dward H. C ox , Professor o f Chemistry ........................................... 8 Whittier Place
B.S., Earlham College; M.A., Harvard University; Sc.D., University of
Geneva.
•Hen ry Term a in M aude C reighton , Edm und Allen Professor o f Chemistry,
515 Elm Avenue
B.A., M.A. and L L.D ., Dalhousie University; M.Sc., University of Birming
ham; D.Sc., Das eidgenössische Polytechnikum, Zürich.
Arnold D resden , E dw ard H. Magill Professor o f M athem atics an d Astronomy,
606 Elm Avenue
M.S. and Ph.D., University of Chicago.
R o bert K. E nders , Professor o f Z oology......... ..................................... 311 Elm Avenue
B.A. and Ph.D., University of Michigan.
H e r b e r t F. F raser , Professor o f E conom ics............................. .Wallingford Hills
M.A., University of Aberdeen; F.R.Econ.S.
fP h il ip M arshall H icks , A lexander Griswold Cummins Professor o f English,
525 Elm Avenue
B.A. and M.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
H oward M alcolm J en kin s , Professor o f E lectrical Engineering,
506 North Chester Road
B.A. and E .E ., Swarthmore College,
t W olfgang K öh ler , R esearch Professor o f Philosophy and Psychology,
603 Ehn Avenue
Dr. phil., University of Berlin; D.Sc., University of Pennsylvania.
P atrick M urph y M alin , Professor o f E conom ics.......... 221 N. Princeton Avenue
B.S.,' University of Pennsylvania.
•F rederick J. M anning , Isaac H. C lothier Professor o f History,
4 Pennstone Road, Bryn Mawr
B.A. and Ph.D., Yale University.
1 H arold M. M arch , Professor o f F ren ch........ ............................... 600 Elm Avenue
B.A., Princeton University; Ph.D., Yale University.
Ross W. M a rrio tt , Professor o f M athem atics and Astronomy.
213 Lafayette Avenue
B.A., Indiana University; M.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., University of
Pennsylvania.
J. R oland P ennock , Professor o f Political S cien ce................. 3 Whittier Place
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
E d ith P h il ip s , Susan W . Lippincott Professor o f F ren ch.......„...517 Elm Avenue
B.A., Goucher College; Docteur de l’Université de Paris.
• Absent on leave, Fall Semester.
J Absent on leave, Spring Semester.
U
P aul S ch recker , Visiting Professor o f Philosophy (on a joint appointment by
Bryn Mawr College, Haverford College and Swarthmore College),
120 South Chester Road
Ph.D., University of Berlin; LL.D ., University of Vienna.
" T ownsend S cudder , III, Professor o f English
B.A. and Ph.D., Yale University.
C h arles B. S haw , Librarian.............................................................. 304 Park Avenue
B.A., M.A. and L.H.D., Clark University.
L. R. S hero , Professor o f G reek............................................ 651 North Chester Road
B.A., Haverford College; B.A., University of Oxford; M.A. and Ph.D., Uni
versity of Wisconsin.
Al fr ed J. S wan , Professor o f Music ( on joint appointment by Haverford College
and Swarthmore College)..........................................................519 Walnut Lane
B.A. and M.A., University of Oxford.
P e t e r van de K a m p , Professor o f Astronomy and D irector o f Sproul Observatory,
5 Whittier Place
B.S. and M.S., University of Utrecht; Ph.D., University of California;
D.Phil., University of Groningen.
C la ir W il c o x , Jo sep h W harton Professor o f Political Econom y
510 Ogden Avenue
B.S., University of Pennsylvania; M.A., Ohio State University; Ph.D., Uni
versity of Pennsylvania.
W in th rop R. W righ t , Morris L . C lothier Professor o f Physics...A Whittier Place
A.B. and Ph.D., University of Michigan.
Associate Professors
G eorge J. B ec k er , A ssociate Professor o f English.................Cunningham House
B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., University of Washington,
fR ichard B. B randt , A ssociate Professor o f Philosophy....,.......521 Elm Avenue
B.A., Denison University; B.A., University of Cambridge; Ph.D., Yale Uni
versity.
" R ichard S. C ru tch field , Associate Professor o f Psychology........ 8 Crum Ledge
B.S., California Institute of Technology; Ph.D., University of California.
G eorge P. C uttin o , Associate Professor o f History (on a joint appointment by
Bryn Mawr College and Swarthmore College) ...............506 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., University of Iowa; D.Phil., University
of Oxford.
R o b er t H. D unn , A ssociate Professor o f Physical E ducation fo r Men,
811 Westdale Avenue
B.S., Temple University.
W. C. E l m o r e , A ssociate Professor o f Physics........ Baltimore Pike, R. D. 3, Media
B.S., Lehigh University; Ph.D., Yale University.
D uncan G ra h a m F o ster , A ssociate Professor o f Chem istry.............15 Crest Lane
B.A. and M.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University.
M ilan W. G a r r ett , A ssociate Professor o f Physics....336 North Princeton Avenue
B.A. and M.A., Leland Stanford Junior University; B.A. and D.Phil., Uni
versity of Oxford.
W a l t e r B. K eighton , J r ., Associate Professor o f Chem istry........ 311 Cedar Lane
B.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., Princeton University.
* Absent on leave,
t Absent on leave, Spring Semester.
12
" L e s l ie M. L ifso n , Associate Professor o f Political Science........ 602 Elm Avenue
B.A., M.A., University of Oxford; Ph.D., University of Chicago.
L uzern G. L ivingston , A ssociate Professor o f Botany,
422 Highland Avenue, Morton
B.S., Lawrence College; Ph.D., University of Wisconsin.
J ohn D. M c C r u m m , A ssociate Professor o f E lectrical Engineering,
515 Elm Avenue
B.S. and M.S., University of Colorado.
" F rank C. P ierson , A ssociate Professor o f E conom ics.............740 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., Columbia University.
J ohn H im e s P itm a n , A ssociate Professor o f M athem atics and Astronomy,
328 Vassar Avenue
B.A. and M.A., Swarthmore College.
W il l ia m C. H. P ren t ic e , A ssociate Professor o f Psychology....1 Whittier Place
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
V irginia R ath , A ssociate Professor o f Physical Education fo r W om en,
735 Yale Avenue
B.A., Hollins College; M.A., Columbia University.
W il l ia m E. R ea ser , Associate Professor o f M echanical Engineering,
2 Crum Ledge
B.S. in M .E., M .E., Lafayette College; M.S. in M .E., Lehigh University.
W a l t e r J. S cott , Associate Professor o f Z oology............ 306 North Chester Road
Ph.B., Lafayette College; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
J a m es D. S o rber , A ssociate Professor o f Spanish and D irector o f Musical
Activities.................................................................... ...................... 401 Walnut Lane
B.A., Lehigh University; M.A., University of Nebraska.
W il l is J. S tetso n , A ssociate Professor o f Physical Education fo r M en and
D irector o f A th le tics.............................. 144 North Highland Road, Springfield
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., University of Pennsylvania.
R o bert M. W a lker , A ssociate Professor o f F in e Arts.................6 Whittier. Place
B.A. and M.F.A., Princeton University; Ph.D., Harvard University.
"H ans W allach , A ssociate Professor o f Psychology.............805 Harvard Avenue
Dr. Phil., University of Berlin.
Nea l A. W e b e r , A ssociate Professor o f Z oology...................................... .West House
B.A. and M.S., University of North Dakota; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard
University.
L eon W en c eliu s , Associate Professor o f F ren ch.............................. 6 Crum Ledge
D. es L., University of Paris; L.Th., University of Strasbourg; Th.D., Union
Theological Seminary.
B ryce W ood, Associate Professor o f Political S cien ce.............310 Chestnut Avenue
B.A., Reed College; Ph.D., Columbia University.
" E liz a be th C ox W righ t , A ssociate Professor o f English.........Rose Valley, Moylan
B.A., Wellesley College; M.A. and Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
Assistant Professors
L ydia B a er , Assistant Professor o f German.............Brookside Road, Wallingford
B.A., Oberlin College; M.A. and Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
D ennison B ancroft , Assistant Professor o f Physics.............733 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Amherst College; Ph.D., Harvard University.
* Absent on leave.
13
...... 1 Crum Ledge
B.A. and Ph.D., Yale University.
P aul H. B e ik , Assistant Professor o f History........... .................. 512 Elm Avenue
B.A., Union College; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
N e w e l l R. B ush , Assistant Professor o f R om ance Languages...5 1 9 Walnut Lane
B.A., Miami University; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
P h il ip W . C arruth , Assistant Professor o f M athem atics........740 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Hamilton College; M.A., Syracuse University; Ph.D., University of
Illinois.
H h .d e D. C ohn , Assistant Professor o f G erm an......................805 Harvard Avenue
Dr. Phil., University of Heidelberg.
C arol F . C reedon , Assistant Professor o f Psychology:...120 South Chester Road
B.A., and Ph.D., University of California.
B ruce D earing , Assistant Professor o f English.................... ........ 5 Crum Ledge
B.A., Allegheny College; M.A. and Ph.D., University of Iowa.
L e w is H. E lverson , Assistant Professor o f Physical Education fo r Men,
519 Walnut Lane
B.S., University of Pennsylvania.
E . J. F aulkn er , Assistant Professor o f Physical Education fo r Men,
235 Dickinson Avenue
E dward A. F e h n el , Assistant Professor o f Chemistry....317 North Chester Road
B.S., M.S. and Ph.D., Lehigh University.
J a m es A. F ie ld , J r ., Assistant Professor o f History......................7 Crum Ledge
B.S., M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
R oderick F ir t h , Assistant Professor o f Philosophy........ 302 North Chester Road
B.S., Haverford College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
L aunce J . F l e m is t e r , J r ., Assistant Professor o f Zoology,
317 North Chester Road
B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Duke University.
C. J ustus G ahrahan , Assistant Professor o f E lectrical Engineering,
301 College Avenue
B.S., and M.S., University of Pennsylvania.
H en ry G l e it m a n , Assistant Professor o f Psychology................. 8 Crum Ledge
B.S., City College of New York; Ph.D., University of California.
F redric S. K l e e s , Assistant Professor o f English................................... The Damsite
B.A., Bowdoin College.
L aurence D. L a fo r e , Assistant Professor o f History.............506 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
R oy F . L in sen m ey er , Assistant Professor o f Civil Engineering,
805 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in C.E., University of Pittsburgh.
J ae L. L it t r e l l , Assistant Professor o f Z oology..................... 805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Rockford College; M.S. and Ph.D., University of Illinois.
N orm an A. M einkoth , Assistant Professor o f Z oology........ 835 Harvard Avenue
B. of Ed., Southern Illinois Teachers College; M.S. and Ph.D., University
of Illinois.
I r en e M o ll , Assistant Professor o f Physical E ducation fo r W om en,
805 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in Ed., University of Kansas; M.A., Texas State College for Women.
M onhoe C. B ea rd sley , Assistant Professor o f Philosophy.
14
B ernard M orrill , Assistant Professor o f M echanical Engineering,
915 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in M .E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; M .M .E., University of
Delaware.
He l en F . North , Assistant Professor o f Classics............................ Woolman House
B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University.
M ay E . P arry , Assistant Professor o f Physical E ducation fo r W om en,
Swarthmore Apartments
B.A., Swarthmore College; B.S., Temple University.
K arl R euning , Assistant Professor o f G erm an........ 211 South Swarthmore Avenue
Dr. Phil., University of Giessen.
B en bo w F. R it c h ie , Assistant Professor o f Psychology......................5 Crum Ledge
B.A., University of Wisconsin; M.A. and Ph.D., University of California.
Al ic e T . S ch a fer , Visiting Assistant Professor o f M athematics,
2243 Franklin Avenue, Morton, P.O. Box 44
B.A., University of Richmond; M.S. and Ph.D., University of Chicago.
H e r b e r t S o n th o ff , Assistant Professor o f Political Science..¿05 Harvard Avenue
M.A., University of Georgia; Diplomvolkswirt, University of Berlin; M.A.,
Harvard University.
F rederick B. T o l les , Librarian o f th e Friends Historical Library and Assis
tant Professor o f History............................................... .302 North Chester Road
B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Harvard University.
T heodore H. von L aue, Assistant Professor o f History,
1016 South 45th Street, Philadelphia
B.A. and Ph.D., Princeton University.
“W olfgang W asow , Assistant Professor o f M athem atics....915 Harvard Avenue
Diploma, University of Gottingen; Ph.D., New York University.
W il l is D. W ea th erfo rd , Assistant Professor o f Econom ics,
805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Vanderbilt University; B.D ., Yale University; M. A., Harvard Uni
versity.
S t eph en E . W h ich er , Assistant Professor o f English................. 4 Crum Ledge
B.A., Amherst College; M.A., Columbia University;, Ph.D., Harvard Uni
versity.
M erton J. W il l is , Assistant Professor o f Civil Engineering,
835 Harvard Avenue
B.C.E., University of Washington; M.S., Cornell University.
I r m a W o lpe , Assistant Professor ( part-tim e) o f Music, 333 Dartmouth Avenue
Certificate and Diploma of the Institute Jaques Dalcroze, Geneva.
W il l ia m E . W ood, Assistant Professor o f M echanical Engineering,
104 Pine Ridge Road, Media
B.S. and M.S. in M .E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
P aul N. Y lv isa ker , Assistant Professor o f Political Science,
8B Whittier Place
S.B., Mankato State Teachers College; M.P.A. and Ph.D., Harvard Uni
versity.
® Absent on leave, 1949-50.
15
I nstructors
D avid C owde N, Instructor in English................................. 302 North Chester Road
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., Harvard University.
T homas D unn , Instructor (part-tim e) in music......................805 Harvard Avenue
B.S., Johns Hopkins University; M.A., Harvard University.
S arah C. F l e m is t e r , Instructor ( part-tim e) in Zoology..317 North Chester Road
B.A., M.A. and Ph.D., Duke University.
J ohn A. F rechtling , Instructor in Econom ics.....................„805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Oberlin College; M.A., School of Advanced International Studies.
J osé M iguel G onzalez , Instructor in Spanish.........................835 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Politechnic Institute of Puerto Rico.
W il l ia m H ordern , Instructor in R eligion.......................... 317 North Chester Road
B.A., University of Saskatchewan; B.D., St. Andrew’s; S.T.M., Union Theo
logical Seminary.
S a m u el L. H yn es , Instructor in English........................................519 Walnut Lane
B.A., University of Minnesota; M.A., Columbia University.
O lga L a m k er t , Instructor in Russian (on joint appointment by Bryn Mawr
College and Swarthmore College).............701 Lambaert Street, Bryn Mawr
Diploma, Demidoff Teachers Training College, Russia.
B arbara P earson L ange , D irector o f Dramatics and Instructor ( part-tim e)
in English................ .............................................................................319 Cedar Lane
G race H. L arsen , Instructor ( part-tim e) in History....... 120 South Chester Road
B.A. and M.A., University of California.
P e t e r M adison , Instructor in Psychology....................................... 602 Elm Avenue
B.S., University of Oregon; M.A., Harvard University.
S idn ey M org en besser , Instructor in Philosophy......................805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., City College of New York.
C h arles W . Ne w l in , Instructor in Civil Engineering......................R. D. 3, Media
B.C.E., Rose Polytechnic Institute; M.S., Harvard University.
H ed le y H. R h ys , Instructor in F in e Arts.............................. 915 Harvard Avenue
B.A., West Virginia University; M.A., Harvard University.
E m il J. S lo w in ski , J r ., Instructor in Chemistry.......................... 510 Walnut Lane
B.A., University of Massachusetts; Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.
E t h e l S t il z , Instructor ( part-tim e ) in F in e Arts...................................... Parrish Hall
Ph.B., University of Chicago; M.A., Columbia University.
T hom as E. S w ee n e y , J r ., Instructor ( part-tim e) in M echanical Engineering,
105 Amosland Road, Norwood
B.S. in A.E., University of Alabama.
L ecturers
and
Assistants
G eorge T. H a m m ersc h a im b , L ectu rer in M echanical Engineering,
44 Green Valley Road, Wallingford
M .E., Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich; D. Eng., University of
Geneva.
Arleig h P. H e s s , J r ., L ectu rer in Econom ics,
243 Mountwell Avenue, Haddonfield, N. J.
B.S., M.A. and Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
P h il ip E. J acob , L ectu rer in Political S cien ce........ 14 South Swarthmore Avenue
B.A., Yale University; M.A., University of Pennsylvania; Ph.D., Princeton
University.
16
E. Gordon K eith , Lectu rer in Econom ics.......................... 409 State Road, Cynwyd
B.A., Amherst College; Ph.D., Harvard University.
L. B innendijk , R esearch A ssociate in Astronomy................. 915 Harvard Avenue
Ph.D., University of Leiden.
S. I. Liu, R esearch A ssociate in Civil Engineering................. 222 Lafayette Avenue
B.S., National Wuhan University, China; M.S., University of Pittsburgh;
Ph.D., Case Institute of Technology.
C aptain W endell P. R oop, R esearch Consultant in Civil Engineering,
Anchorage Farm, Sewell, N. J.
U.S.N., Retired.
H ans R oth, R esearch Associate in Astronomy.......................... 500 Harvard Avenue
Sc.D., University of Vienna.
R obert B ach, Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
25 North State Road, Upper Darby
B.A., Dartmouth College; M.A., University of Pennsylvania.
Albert M. B arron, Assistant in Physical E ducation fo r Men,
4244 Old York Road, Philadelphia
B.S., Pennsylvania State College; M.S., Temple University.
Avery B lake , Assistant in Physical Education fo r M en........ 49 Amherst Avenue
Phyllis Am bler B rauner, Assistant in Chemistry. .10 Ridley Park Avenue, Aldan
B.A., Wheaton College; M.A., Wellesley College.
Samuel G. E ckerd, Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
Williamson School, Delaware County, Pa.
B.A., Swarthmore College.
S arah L ee L ippincott , Assistant in Astronomy,
226 West Tulpehocken Street, Germantown
B.A., University of Pennsylvania.
J ames J. M cAdoo, Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
513 East Bringhurst Street, Germantown
J ames H. M iller , Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
834 Seventh Avenue, Prospect Park
M.S., University of Pennsylvania. .
J anet S cantlebury, Assistant in Physical E ducation fo r W om en,
528 Roxborough Avenue, Philadelphia 28
Howard D. S ipler , Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
318 Dartmouth Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College.
Sara M. S m ith , Assistant in Astronomy................................... 510 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Wellesley College.
P aul S tofko , Assistant in Physical Education fo r Men,
1008 Hempstead Road, Pennfield Downs, Havertown
J ane Vache, Assistant in Physical Education fo r W om en,
11 Rutlege Avenue, Rutlege
F lorence W ilcox , Director o f Arts an d Crafts..................... 510 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Ohio Wesleyan University; M.A., University of Pennsylvania.
Helena Zelezna , Assistant in Arts and Crafts....4104 Locust Street, Philadelphia
17
D iv isio n s and D e p a r t m e n t s
I. Division of the Humanities—R obert M. W alker , Chairman.
Classics, L . R. S hero, Chairman.
E n glish, P h ilip M- Hicks, Chairman.
Fine Arts, R obert M. W alker , Chairman.
German, L ydia B aer , Chairman.
History, M ary Albertson , Chairman.
Music, Alfred J. S wan, Chairman.
Philosophy and Religion, R ichard B. B randt, Chairman.
Psychology and Education, W illiam C. H. Prentice , Acting Chairman.
Romance Languages, E dith P h ilips , Chairman.
Ill
Division of the Social Sciences-BRYCE W ood, Chairman.
Economics, C lair W ilcox , Chairman.
History, M ary Albertson , Chairman.
Philosophy and Religion, Richard B. B randt, Chairman.
Political Science, J. R oland Pennock, Chairman.
Psychology and Education, W illiam C. H. Prentice , Acting Chairman.
III. Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences—
Arnold D resden , Chairman.
Botany, L uzern G. L ivingston, Chairman.
Chemistry, E dward H. C ox, Chairman.
Electrical Engineering, Howard M. J enkins, Chairman.
Mathematics and Astronomy, Arnold D resden , Chairman.
Physics, W illiam C. E lmore , Chairman.
Psychology, W illiam C. H. Prentice , Acting Chairman.
Zoology, R obert K. E nders, Chairman.
IV. Division of Engineering—S amuel T. C arpenter , Chairman.
Civil E ngineering, S amuel T. C arpenter , Chairman.
p^nh-ieal Engineering, Howard M. J enkins, Chairman.
Mechanical Engineering, W illia m E . R easer , Chairman.
Chemistry, E dward H. C ox, Chairman.
Mathematics, Arnold D resden, Chairman.
Physics, W illia m C. E lmore , Chairman.
18
Standing C ommittees
of the
F aculty
1949-50
Moore, Chairman.
Bancroft, Carpenter, Cobbs, Field, Hunt, Philips.
academic r eq u ir em en ts :
( m e n ) : Hunt, Chairman.
Brinkmann, Cobbs, Foster, Malin, Moore, Prentice, Reaser, Thatcher.
adm issions :
( w o m e n ) : Cobbs, Chairman.
Becker, Beik, Colbron, Hunt, Keighton.
adm issions :
Klees, Chairman.
Garrahan, March, Parry, Walker, F. Wilcox.
arts and c r a ft s :
Stetson, Chairman.
Carpenter, Cox, Faulkner, Rath, Reaser, Scott, Thatcher, Ylvisaker, with
Charles C. Miller.
a t h let ic s :
Becker, Chairman.
Beik, Colbron, McCramm, Meinkoth.
awards and p r iz e s :
van de Kamp, Chairman.
Asch, Bancroft, Becker, Cuttino, Shero, Swan.
cooper foundation :
Jenkins, Chairman.
Asch, Beardsley, Dearing, Garrett, Lafore.
f e l l o w sh ip s :
Nason, Chairman.
Albertson, Brandt, Carpenter, Cobbs, Dresden, L. Flemister, Hunt, Jenkins,
Perkins, Walker, C. Wilcox, B. Wood.
in stru ctio n :
Whicher, Chairman.
Baer, Carruth, Enders, Firth, Lafore, Pennock, Rhys, Shaw.
l ib r a r y :
van de Kamp, Chairman.
Pennock, Prentice, Reaser, Whicher.
m a ste r o f a r t s :
Prentice, Chairman.
Enders, Keighton, Livingston, Moore.
pr e - m ed ica l program :
Moore, Chairman.
Brinkmann, Creedon, Garrahan, Hicks, Shero, Sorber, Stilz.
schedule o f c la sses :
Hunt, Chairman.
Cobbs, Colbron, Dearing, R. Dunn, Moore, Prentice, Rath, Ylvisaker.
student a f f a ir s :
tra v el a llow a n ce :
Reuning, Chairman.
Foster, Tolies.
SECRETARY TO THE FACULTY: Jenkins.
19
Administrative Officers and Assistants
President’s Office
President, J ohn W. Nason, B.A., Carleton College; B.A., University of Oxford;
M.A., Harvard University; L L.D ., University of Pennsylvania, Carleton Col
lege; Litt.D., Muhlenberg College, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital
of Philadelphia.
Secretaries, J anet B oubne,
E lsa P almer J enkins, B.A., Swarthmore College.
V ice -Presidents O ffice
V ice-President, J ames A. Perkins, B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D.,
Princeton University.
Secretary, E lizabeth S. M icheals, B.A., Dickinson College.
D eans’ Offices
Deans:
Susan P. C obbs , B.A., Randolph-Macon Woman’s College; M.A., New York
University; Ph.D., University of Chicago.
E verett L. Hunt , B.A., Huron College; M.A., University of Chicago; D.Litt.,
Huron College.
A ssociate Deans:
J ohn M. M oore, B.A., Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary;
M.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Columbia University.
B arbara C olbron, B.A., Bryn Mawr College.
H ead Residents in Dormitories:
B arbara C olbron, Parrish Hall; B.A., Bryn Mawr College.
H elen F. North , Woolman House; B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University.
Sara M. L it tle , Worth Dormitory; B.A., Smith College.
J anet M. B aldwin , Palmer Hall; B.A., Swarthmore College.
Helen C. B owie , Pittenger Hall; B.A., University of Colorado.
Secretaries to th e D eans:
M yrtle R. Keen y , B.A., Dickinson College.
Mary W . R icksecker .
F rances W ills S laugh, B.A., Swarthmore College.
J ean M cC. S torck.
R egistrar’s Office
Registrar, J ohn M. M oore, B.A., Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary;
M.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Columbia University.
Secretary, M ildred T. W alichuck, B.A., Bucknell University.
20
L ibrary Staff
College Library
Librarian, C harles B. Shaw, B.A., M.A., and L.H.D., Clark University.
R eferen ce Librarian, C atharine J. P ierce , B.A., Woman’s College of the
University of North Carolina; M.S., Columbia University. R eferen ce Assist
ant, M argaret Austin , B.A., Bethany College; B.L.S., Western Reserve
University.
C hief, Technical Departments, M artha A. C onnor, B.S. in Education, Uni
versity of Pennsylvania; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute; M.A., University
of Pennsylvania. First Assistant, M argaret W. Zerby , B.A. and M.A.,
Bucknell University; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute. Catalogers, E lizabeth
L. Hahrar, B.A., University of Delaware; M.A., University of Pennsyl
vania; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute; E lizabeth S. S harpless , B.A.,
Swarthmore College.
C hief, Circulation Departm ent, Howard H. W illiam s , A.B., Lake Forest
College; M.A. and B.S. in L.S., Columbia University. Assistants, D oris
B eik , A.B. and B.S. in L.S., New York State College for Teachers;
Virginia D. Marsh.
Periodicals Librarian, Mary G. T ait , B.A., Wells College; B.S. in L.S.,
Drexel Institute.
O rder Assistant, C atherine J. S m ith , A.B., Swarthmore College; B.S. in
L.S., Drexel Institute.
Clerical Assistant, D iane S anders.
Friends Historical Library
Librarian, F rederick B. T olles , B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Harvard University.
Assistant Librarians,
D orothy G. Harris, B.A., Wellesley College; B.S. in L.S., Drexel
Institute.
L yman L. R iley , A.B., Oberlin College; M.A., University of Oklahoma.
Curator o f the Swarthmore C ollege P eace Collection, E llen S tarr B rinton .
Assistant Curator, W illiam F isher B rinton, B.S., Haverford College.
B usiness M anagers Office
Business Manager, Charles G. T hatcher, B.A., Swarthmore College, M.E
Cornell University; M.M.E., Johns Hopldns University.
Assistant Business Manager, S amuel G. E ckerd, B.A., Swarthmore College.
B ookkeeper, E lizabeth R. Hirst .
Assistants, Grace R. B abbitt , E dna B. C orson, Gertrude Gerould, S ylvia
J. Scott .
Accountant, G. C aroline S hero, B.A., Swarthmore College; M.B.A., University
of Pennsylvania.
Purchasing Agent, Alvin R. C arney.
Secretary, E lizabeth L. J acobs, B.A., Swarthmore College.
M anager o f Bookstore, J ean M. S orber .
Assistant in Bookstore, Mary B. B lack.
Stenographic Staff, Lois E. High, M abel R. Knight, M arian R ansberg.
Postmistress, Nancy L ew is .
Sw itchboard Operators, Ayme G osman, K athryn G oldsmith .
21
House D irector s Office
House Director, E thel S tilz , Ph.B., University of Chicago; M.A., Columbia
University.
Assistant, Saha M. L it tle , B.A., Smith College.
Secretary, Kathryn A. D avisson.
Superintendent s O ffice
Superintendent and H ead Gardener, Harry W ood.
Director o f Arthur H oyt Scott Horticultural Foundation, J ohn C. W ister , B.A.,
Harvard University., D.Sc., Swarthmore College.
Consulting Engineer, Andrew S impson , B.A., Swarthmore College; M.S., Cornell
University.
Assistant to th e Superintendent, C lifford R enshaw, Sr .
Secretaries, V eronica Sullivan , L eicester C. C lark , F rancis K avanagh.
D ietitian ’s Office
Dietitian, R uth E. C arr, B.S., Simmons College.
Assistant Dietitian, Hilda H opkins S m ith , B.S., Simmons College.
Alumni Office
Acting Alumni Secretary, Kenneth Allebach , B.A., Swarthmore College.
Assistant, Kathryn B assett .
Alumni R ecorder, P auline D eacon.
Acting V ocational D irector o f Men, Kenneth Allebach , B.A., Swarthmore
College.
C ampaign Office
Director, H arriet M. W elsh .
Secretary, B arbara Held .
Publicity Office
Director, J anet M. B aldwin , B.A., Swarthmore College.
Assistant, J ohn I. B rooks, B.A., Swarthmore College.
Health Service
Physician, M orris A. B owie , B.A., University of Colorado; M.D., Harvard Uni
versity.
Consulting Psychiatrists:
L eon Saul , B.A. and M.A., Columbia University; M.D., Harvard University.
J. W . L yons, B.A., University of Scranton; M.D., University of Pennsylvania.
Nurses:
Anne Austin , R.N., B lanche D evereux , R.N., R egina L. Holtzman , R.N.,
C am ille J ones, R.N.
Honorary Curators
of the
B iddle Memorial L ibrary
C harles F . J enkins, Chairm an................. 232 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia 6
F rank Aydelotte ................ ..................................... 88 Battle Road, Princeton, N. J,
C lem ent M. B iddle ................. P.O. Box 743, Church Street Station, New York 8
L a V erne F orbush ............................. ......... 8 Wyndhurst Avenue, Baltimore, Md.
J ames R. F roher.................................. ..............Weldin Road, Wilmington 284, Del.
H annah C lothier Hull ...-...................................... 504 Walnut Lane, Swarthmore
J esse M er ritt ......................................................................................... Farmingdale, L. I.
Louis N. R obinson..—........................................... 411 College Avenue, Swarthmore
J ane P. R ushmore .........................................................................................Riverton, N. J.
22
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO
SWARTHMORE
COLLEGE
The College Community
Swarthmore College, founded in 1864 by members of the Religious
Society of Friends, is a small co-educational college situated twelve
miles southwest of Philadelphia. In accordance with the traditions of
its Quaker background, Swarthmore students are expected to prepare
themselves for full, well-rounded lives as individuals and as respon
sible citizens through exacting intellectual study supplemented by a
varied program of sports and extra-curricular activities.
Swarthmore is a residential college with an enrollment, in normal
years, of eight hundred and fifty students, equally divided between
men and women. Its students are drawn from a wide variety of back
grounds.* The campus, a tract of about 250 rolling acres in Delaware
County, contains the dormitories and class room buildings. In addi
tion, a large number of faculty houses are within campus boundaries,
making it possible for students to have valuable social contacts with
their professors outside the class room.
The borough of Swarthmore is a small residential suburb within
half an hour’s commuting distance of Philadelphia on the W est Chester
Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Situated on U. S. Highway No. 1
about twelve miles southwest of Philadelphia, Swarthmore is easily
accessible by car.** Swarthmore students are therefore able to com
bine the advantages of a semi-rural setting with the opportunities
offered by Philadelphia. Especially valuable is the cooperation pos
sible with three other nearby institutions, Bryn Mawr and Haverford
Colleges and the University of Pennsylvania.
• ( S ee table of geographical distribution of students, page 163.)
* * To reach the college, motorists should t o n off U.S. Route 1 to Pennsylvania
State Highway 320 in the direction of Chester and continue south along Chester
Road about half a mile until reaching College Avenue. There a right turn is
made to the college campus.
24
T he Purposes
and
P olicies
of
SwARTHMORE COLLEGE
The purpose of Swarthmore College is to make its students more
valuable human beings and more useful members of society.
Swarthmore shares this purpose with every other educational insti
tution. Each in its own way seeks the development of human beings
as individuals. Each seeks to direct their energies and talents toward
the common good. American education is a direct result of our demo
cratic principles. Democracy is based upon the infinite worth of each
individual. It can operate successfully only when men are willing to
seek together a common good. It depends upon knowledge and under
standing of the complex problems of modem society. The debt of
our educational system to democracy is equalled only by the debt of
democracy to education.
While a common purpose underlies all American education, each
school and college and university seeks to realize that purpose in its
own way. Each must select those tasks it can do best. Only in this
way can it be most effective. Only by such selection can it contribute
to the diversity and richness of educational opportunity which is a
part of the American heritage and of the American strength. This
statement attempts to outline those goals and policies which define
Swarthmore’s place and function.
T he
religious tradition
Swarthmore College was founded by the Religious Society of
Friends, and it seeks to illuminate the life of its students with the
spiritual principles of that Society. Although it has been non-sectarian
in control since the beginning of the present century and although
the children of Friends are in a minority, the College seeks to pre
serve the religious tradition out of which it sprang.
The essence of Quakerism is the individual’s responsibility for seek
ing truth and for applying whatever truth he believes he has found.
As a way of life, it emphasizes hard work, simple living, and generous
giving; personal integrity, social justice, and the peaceful settlement
of disputes. The College does not seek to impose on its students this
Quaker view of life, or any other specific set of convictions about the
nature of things and the duty of man. It does, however, have the two
fold aim of encouraging conscious concern about such questions and
25
unceasing re-examination of any view which may be held regarding
them. That is the kind of ethical and religious character which
Swarthmore seeks to develop.
T he
community life
Swarthmore is a small college by deliberate policy. It is semi-rural
in location, residential and co-educational in character. These features
create an ideal environment for personal growth. Co-education pro
vides the most natural atmosphere for both men and women, who in
their common work and play come to value each other for their true
worth. The residential character is the basis for a community life in
which the ideals of the college influence every member. Growth in
emotional maturity, necessary both for personal satisfaction and for
effective action, is an integral part of the total educational program.
F or this reason the College encourages a wide variety of extra
curricular- activities. Participation in sports has many values, social
as well as individual. Membership in student organizations is impor
tant. In practising parliamentary procedure and in facing the victories
and defeats of elective office, students learn to live together, ironing
out the clash of personalities and the friction of different views. They
learn the effectiveness of enthusiasm and the frustration of indiffer
ence. They learn to soften their uncritical intolerance as they struggle
to live successfully together. They learn the meaning of responsibility
as they become responsible for their activities.
Academic
excellence
Democracy demands a broad base of intelligent understanding of
issues. It also necessitates a high order of excellence in those who are
destined to become its leaders. Swarthmore can best serve society by
the maintenance of high standards. It is peculiarly fitted by tradition
and performance for this essential role, and it is precisely this readiness
to do a particular job well that gives the College its value in the
educational mosaic of American democracy.
Education is largely an individual matter, for no two students are
exactly alike. Some need detailed help, while others profit from con
siderable freedom. The program of honors study, in which Swarth
more pioneered, is designed to give recognition to this fact. It is the
most distinctive feature of our educational program. For many stu-
26
dents it provides an enriching and exciting intellectual experience.
It has as its main ingredients freedom from class work, maximum
latitude for the development of individual responsibility, concen
trated work in broad fields of study, and close association with faculty
members in small seminars. The honors program and the course
program are parallel systems of instruction for students during their
last two years. Both are designed to evoke the maximum effort and
development from each student, the choice of method being deter
mined by individual need.
Admissions
In the selection of students the College seeks those qualities of
character, social responsibility, and intellectual capacity which it is
primarily concerned to develop. It seeks them not in isolation, but as
essential elements in the whole personality of candidates for admission.
In the competition for admission preference is given to the children
of Friends and alumni who can meet the requirements. It is also the
policy of the College to have the student body represent not only
different parts of the United States but many foreign countries, both
public and private secondary schools, and various economic, social,
religious, and racial groups.
Selection is important and difficult. No simple formula will be
effective. The task is to select those who give real promise of dis
tinction in the quality of their personal lives, in service to the com
munity, or in leadership in their chosen fields. Swarthmore College
must choose its students on the basis of their individual future worth
to society and of their collective realization of the purpose of the
College.
A collège is never static. Its purposes and policies are always chang
ing to meet new demands and new conditions. The founders of
Swarthmore would find in it today many features they never con
templated when they shaped the College in the middle of the nine
teenth century. Swarthmore, if it is to remain alive, must be forever
changing. And many people are continually engaged in shap in g its
destiny—the Board of Managers, administration, faculty, students,
alumni, parents, and the community as a whole. The goal is to achieve
for each generation, by means appropriate to the times, that unique
contribution and that standard of excellence which have been guiding
ideals of Swarthmore from its founding.
27
T he E ducational Program
Swarthmore’s educational program is based on the philosophy that
self-discovery and self-development are more valuable than the simple
demonstrative method of teaching. Therefore, whenever it is possible,
students are encouraged to make their own analyses, based on original
source material or on laboratory experiments.
Believing also that a liberal education is based on knowledge in
many areas of human experience, the college requires that freshmen
and sophomores take a wide variety of courses. This plan allows them
to test their ability in subjects they have already studied and to
explore new fields. By the end of their sophomore year, students are
expected to make two decisions: first, what their field of concentration
will be for the last two years; and secondly, whether they prefer to
take “honors work” or to continue their study in regular courses.
“Honors work” (see pages 56 to 5 9 ) is a method of study open to
juniors and seniors who have shown independence and responsibility
in their acadeimc work. They are freed from classroom routine and
instead, meet with their instructors in small weekly seminar groups
for discussion and evaluation of their work. Since a student pursues
only one major and one related minor subject during a semester, this
system facilitates greater concentration and greater independence than
is possible under the usual academic routine. The development of the
“honors” or seminar method was begun under President Aydelotte
in 1922, and because of its success, has been widely imitated in other
institutions.
Admissions Procedure
Applications for admission should be addressed to the Deans of the
College: from men, to Dean Everett L. Hunt; from women, to Dean
Susan P. Cobbs.
General Statement
Admission to the Freshman Class is normally based upon the satis
factory completion of a four-year program preparatory to advanced
liberal study, Applicants are selected on the following evidence:
1.
Record in secondary school;
2.
Recommendation of the school principal or headmaster and of
others who know the applicant;
28
3.
Ratings in the Scholastic Aptitude Tests, and in three of the
Scholastic Achievement Tests given by the College Entrance
Examination Board. In some cases, special tests may be given
by the college. The special tests for veterans are described on
page 31.
4.
Personal interview with one of the Deans or an appointed
representative;
5.
Reading and experience, both in school and out.
Applicants should have high rank in school and in aptitude and
achievement tests, and should show strong intellectual interests. They
should also give evidence of sturdiness of character, promise of
growth, initiative, seriousness of purpose, and a sense of social
responsibility. As future members of the college community, they
should represent varied interests, types, and backgrounds.
Preparation
Applicants are urged to make their choice of college as early as
possible in order to plan the work of their school years with the
assistance of the Committees on Admission. In general, preparation
should include:
1.
Skills: The following skills are essential to success in college
work and should be brought to a high level by study and prac
tice throughout the preparatory period:
a. The use of the English language with accuracy and effective
ness in reading, writing, and speaking.
b. The use of the principles of arithmetic, algebra, and plane
geometry.
c. The use of one, or preferably of two, foreign languages to
the point of reading prose of average difficulty at sight, and
of writing and speaking with some ease and proficiency.
2.
Subjects: All, or almost all, of the preparatory course should be
composed of the subjects listed in the following four groups.
Variations of choice and emphasis are acceptable although some
work should be taken in each group.
History and Social Studies: American, English, European, and
ancient history; political, social, and economic problems of
modem society.
29
Literature and Art: American, English, and foreign literatures,
ancient and modem; music, art, architecture.
'Natural Science and Mathematics: chemistry, physics, biology,
astronomy; algebra, geometry, trigonometry. A college major
in science or engineering presuppose? substantial work in
algebra, in plane and, if possible, solid geometry, and in
trigonometry.
Languages: English, Latin, Greek, German, French, Spanish,
other European or Oriental languages. Applicants who expect
to major in science are strongly advised to include German
and, if possible, French in their school programs.
Advanced Standing
For favorable consideration, applicants for advanced standing must
have had a good scholastic record in the institution from which they
wish to transfer, and must present full credentials for both college and
preparatory work and a letter of honorable dismissal. They must also
take the Scholastic Aptitude Test required of a freshman entrant,
unless they have already taken these tests for admission ,to another
college.
As a general rule, students are not admitted to advanced standing
later than the beginning of the sophomore year. Four terms of study
at Swarthmore College constitute the minimum requirement for a
degree, two of which must be those of the senior year.
Applications
and
E xaminations
Applications must be filed in the office of the Deans by February 15
of the year in which the candidate wishes to be admitted. An applica
tion fee of $5.00, which is not refundable, is required of all candidates.
All applicants for admission are required to take the Scholastic
Aptitude Test and three Achievement Tests given by the College
Entrance Examination Board.
The Achievement Test in English Composition is required of all
candidates; the other two Achievement Tests are chosen by the candi
date from two different fields. Candidates for engineering must take
the test in Advanced Mathematics.
30
In 1949-50 these tests will be given in various centers throughout
this country and abroad on December 10, January 14, March 11,
May 20, and August 9. Applicants are normally expected to take
the required tests in March of their Senior year. They may take the
Scholastic Aptitude Test in December or January if they wish. Those
who wish to take the tests for practice at the end of the Junior year
are encouraged to do so. All such applicants must repeat the tests in
their Senior year, however, in order to give themselves the advantage
of maximum preparation.
Application to take the tests should be made directly to the College
Entrance Examination Board, Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey. A
bulletin of information may be obtained without charge from the
Board. Students who wish to take the tests in any of the following
western states, territories, and Pacific areas, Arizona, California, Colo
rado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Wash
ington, Wyoming, Alaska, Hawaii, Australia, and all Pacific Islands
except Formosa and Japan, should address their inquiries and send
their applications to the College Entrance Examination Board, Box
775, Berkeley 4, California. Application should be made to the Board
at least a month before the date on which the test will be taken.
No additional tests are required of candidates for scholarships. They
must, however, write for a special application blank at least two weeks
in advance of the date on which applications for admission are due.
There are five Open Scholarships for men and three for women,
offered each year in amounts ranging from $100 to $1000. Fuller infor
mation concerning these and other scholarships will be found on
pages 33 to 40.
Notices of the action of the Admissions Committee will be mailed
about May 1.
Veterans. Admission requirements for veterans are, in general, the
same as those for other candidates. Veterans who have returned to
high school for academic work should take the regular Scholastic
Aptitude and Achievement Tests of the College Entrance Examination
Board, as described above. Other veterans may take the Special
Aptitude Test for Veterans, also administered by the Board. Con
sideration will be given to the results of the General Educational
Development Tests, administered by USAFI, or the tests given by the
Veterans Administration, but these tests may not ordinarily be sub
stituted for those of the College Entrance Examination Board.
31
Expenses
Charges per academic year of two semesters:
Board, room, and tuition .................................................... $1200*
General fee .................................................................................
100
Total charges ............................................................................... $1300
While a general charge for board, room and tuition is made, this
may be divided into $600 for tuition and $600 for board and room.
The general fee of $100 per year covers the costs of student health,
library and laboratory fees, athletic fees, arts and crafts, and the
support of several other extra curricular activities.
An additional deposit of $25 per semester is required of each stu
dent, payable in advance, to cover incidental bills. Students may
charge purchases at the college bookstore, and certain other charges
agreed to by the Business Office. When this deposit has been ex
hausted a new one will be required immediately. Any unused balance
is returned.
One half of the' total sum is due not later than Registration Day at
the beginning of the fall semester. Bills are mailed before the opening
of the current term. Payments should be made by check or draft to
the order of Swabthmore C ollege. In case a student’s bill is not
paid by the end of the first month, he may be excluded from all college
exercises. Correspondence about financial matters should be addressed
to the Business Manager, Mr. Charles G. Thatcher.
No reduction or refunding of the tuition charge can be made on
account of absence, illness or dismissal during the year. If a student
shall withdraw or be absent from college for any reason, there will be
no reduction or refund because of failure to occupy the room assigned
for that term. In case of absence or withdrawal from the college,
due notice having been given to the Business Manager, there will be
a refund for board for any time in excess of six weeks. Fees cannot
be refunded for any reason whatever.
* An advance deposit of $25 is required of all new students in order to reserve
a place in college for the coming year. A similar deposit of $15 is required of
returning students. These deposits are credited against the bill for tuition, board,
and room. They are returnable if the registration is cancelled before August 1st.
32
Worth Hall (a Dormitory for Women).
The Chinese Memorial Fountain and Part of Wharton Hall (a Dormitory for M en)
T he T uition Plan
Many of the parents of students may wish to pay all tuition, fees,
and residence charges on a monthly basis. It is now possible to arrange
this under The Tuition Plan. The cost is four percent greater than
when payments are made in cash in advance. Details of its operation
will be furnished by the College with the first semesters bill in Sep
tember.
Student Aid and Scholarships
The college furnishes scholarships and financial assistance to deserv
ing students from its general funds and from special endowments.
During the current academic year the college has budgeted more
than $80,000 for scholarships. About one-quarter of that sum is pro
vided by the endowed scholarships listed below. All applications for
scholarships are handled by the Committee on Admissions and
Scholarships and should be addressed to the Deans.
Honorary Scholarships are granted by the college in recognition
of good scholastic standing and financial need. The specially named
scholarship funds are listed below.
Grants-in -aid, to a limited number, may be awarded to students of
average scholastic standing and financial need who could not earn all
they need without serious detriment to their academic work.
C ollege J obs afford opportunities to earn money by regular work
at current wage rates in one of the college offices, shops, laboratories
or libraries. A student may hold a college job in addition to a
scholarship or a grant-in-aid. The distribution of jobs among those
authorized to hold them is made under the direction of the Business
Manager. Residents of the borough of Swarthmore often send requests
for services to the college, which cooperates in making these- oppor
tunities known to students.
Scholarships
for
Men
The George F . B aker Scholarships. The George F . Baker Scholar
ships, to be awarded for the first time in 1950, have been given to the
college as part of a national scholarship program. They are the gift
of the George F . Baker Foundation and will be awarded to four fresh
men men each year for three years. The actual amount of the
33
scholarships, in part determined by financial need, will be a maximum
of $1,200 for each year of the student’s college career. Students will
be chosen for these awards primarily on the basis of achievement and
promise of leadership in business, government and the professions.
Open Scholakships for M en. Swarthmore College awards annually
five four-year scholarships to men entering the freshman class. These
scholarships, based on the general plan of the Rhodes Scholarships,
are given to candidates who, in the opinion of the Committee of
Award, rank highest in scholarship, character and personality. The
amount of the annual award varies from $100 to $1000 according to
the financial need of the winner.
The Scott B. L illy Scholarship, endowed by Jacob T. Schless of
the Class of 1914 at Swarthmore College, will be offered for the first
time to a student entering Swarthmore College in the fall of 1950.
This scholarship is in honor of a former distinguished Professor
of Engineering and, therefore, students who plan to major in
engineering will be given preference.
The stipend will be a maximum of $900 a year for four years;
the exact amount of the award will be determined by the financial
needs of the winning applicant.
The D onald R enwick F erguson Scholarship, established by Mrs.
Amy Baker Ferguson, in memory of her husband, Donald Renwick
Ferguson, M.D., of the Class of 1912, who died during the Second
World W ar, is awarded to a young man who is looking forward to the
study of medicine. The scholarship will pay $600.
The Aaron B. I vins Scholarship is awarded annually to a young
man of the graduating class of Friends Central School, Overbrook,
Philadelphia. It is awarded under the following conditions: The recip
ient must have been a student at Friends Central for at least two years,
he must have good health, high grades, and must be the best allaround student in his class desirous of entering Swarthmore College.
This scholarship, awarded by the faculty of Friends Central School,
and subject to the approval of Swarthmore College, has the value of
approximately $600.
The T. H. D udley Perkins M emorial Scholarship is awarded
annually to a young man selected by a committee of the faculty ap
34
pointed by the President of the college for the purpose. The award
having a value of $500 will be made on the basis of qualities of man
hood, force of character and leadership; literary and scholastic ability;
physical vigor as shown by participation in out-of-doors sports or in
other ways.
The W illiam G. and Mary N. Serrill Honors Scholarship is a
competitive Honors Scholarship for Men, awarded to a candidate for
admission to the college, based upon the general plan of the Rhodes
Scholarships. It is tenable for four years, subject to the maintenance
of a high standing in college. The annual stipend is $375. Preference
will be given to men who are residents of Abington Township, includ
ing Jenkintown and Glenside, Montgomery County, Pa., but if there is
no outstanding candidate from this locality, the scholarship will be
open to competition generally.
The Sarah K aighn C ooper Scholarship, founded by Sallie K.
Johnson in memory of her grandparents, Sarah Kaighn and Sarah
Coo’per, is awarded to a man in the Junior Class who is judged by the
faculty to have had, since entering College, the best record for scholar
ship, character, and influence. The value of this scholarship is approx
imately $225 annually.
Scholarships
for
W omen
Open S cholarships for W omen . Mr. and Mrs. Daniel S. White,
of the Class of 1875, on the occasion of the Fiftieth Reunion of that
class, established three open competitive scholarships for women, in
the names of Howard White, Jr., Serena R. White, and W alter W .
Green. These scholarships are given to candidates who, in the opinion
of the Committee of Award, rank highest in scholarship, character and
personality. The amount of the award varying from $100 to $1000 is
determined in the same way as the scholarships for men.
The Alumnae Scholarship, established by the Philadelphia and
New York Alumnae Clubs, is awarded on the same basis as the Open
Scholarships. It is awarded for one year and is valued at $500.
The Annie Shoemaker Scholarship is granted annually to a young
woman of the graduating class of Friends Central School, Overbrook,
Philadelphia. The recipient must have been a student at Friends
Central for at least two years, she must have good health, high grades,
and must be the best all-around student in her class desirous of enter
35
ing Swarthmore College. This scholarship, awarded by the faculty
of Friends Central School, and subject to the approval of Swarthmore
College, has the value of $500.
The George K. and S allie K. J ohnson F und provides $450 a year,
to be used, at the discretion of the President of the College, in grant
ing finarmial aid to young women during their senior year, it being
the donor’s desire that the President must be satisfied that the appli
cant is fitted to become a desirable teacher.
The M ary C oates Preston S cholarship F und. A sum of money
has been left by will of Elizabeth Coates, the annual interest of which
will be about $450. This amount is given as a scholarship to a young
woman student in Swarthmore College, preferably to a relative of the
donor.
The Harriet W. Paiste F und is limited by the following words
from the donor’s will: “the interests to be applied annually to the edu
cation of female members of our Society of Friends (holding their
Yearly Meeting at Fifteenth and Race Streets, Philadelphia) whose
limited means would exclude them from enjoying the advantages of
an education at the college.” The value of this scholarship is approxi
mately $350 annually.
The M ary T. L ongstreth S cholarship was founded by
C. Longstreth in memory of her mother and is to be awarded
“at the discretion of the President of the College to assist
woman student to pursue her studies in the College. The
this scholarship is approximately $225 annually.
Rebecca
annually
a young
value of
The J essie Stevenson K ovalenko Scholarship F und, the gift of
Michel Kovalenko in memory of his wife, provides an annual income
of $225. This sum is to be awarded to a student, preferably a woman,
who is in her junior or senior year and who is a major in astronomy,
or to a graduate of the college, preferably a woman, for graduate work
in astronomy at Swarthmore or elsewhere.
The income of the K appa Alpha T heta Scholarship F und, given
by members and friends of the Kappa Alpha Theta Fraternity at
Swarthmore, is awarded annually to a woman student. The award
amounts to approximately $125 annually. One or more members of
the fraternity who are on the Board of Managers serve on the
Committee of Award.
36
The Mary W ood F und is limited by the following words from the
donor’s will: “the income thereof to be, by the proper officers thereof,
applied to the maintenance and education at said college of one
female student therein, one preparing for the avocation of a teacher
to be preferred as the beneficiary, but in all other respects the applica
tion of the income of said fund to be in the absolute discretion of the
college.” The value of this scholarship is approximately $65 annually.
Scholarships Open
to
Men
and
W omen
The E dward C larkson W ilson Scholarship. A scholarship with
an annual value of $625 has been established at Swarthmore by friends
of Edward Clarkson Wilson, ’91, formerly Principal of the Baltimore
Friends School. It will be awarded each year to a former student of the
Baltimore Friends School, who has been approved by the faculty of
the school, on the basis of high character and high standing in scholar
ship. In any year when there is no outstanding candidate from the
students of the Baltimore Friends School, the scholarship may be
awarded to another young man or woman who shall meet the required
standards and who is approved by the school faculty and the college.
The Class of 1915 Scholarship F und was established on the
occasion of the Twenty-fifth Reunion of the Class and provides an
income of approximately $550. This sum is to be awarded either to
freshmen or students in college, with preference given to descendants
of the members of the Class of 1915. The Business Manager, the
Deans, and members of the Class of 1915 designated by Thomas B.
McCabe shall constitute the Committee of Award. This Fund will
become a part of the General Endowment of the College on Alumni
Day, 1970.
The D aniel Underhill S cholarship, given by Daniel Underhill
’94, in memory of his grandfather, Daniel Underhill, member of the
first Board of Managers, provides $500 annually for a deserving
student in need of financial aid.
The R achel W . H illborn S cholarship was founded by Anne
Hillbom Philips of the Class of 1892 in memory of her mother, with
the stipulation that the income shall go to a student in the junior or
senior class who is studying for service in the international field.
Preference will be given to a Friend or to one who intends to con
tribute to world understanding through diplomatic service, participa-
37
tion in some international government agency, the American Friends
Service Committee, or similar activities. The annual income amounts
to approximately $450.
The J onathan K. T aylor Scholarship, in accordance with the
donor’s will, is awarded by the Board of Trustees of the Baltimore
Monthly Meeting of Friends. This scholarship is first open to descend
ants of the late Jonathan K. Taylor. Then, while preference is to be
given to members of the Baltimore Yearly Meeting of Friends, it is
not to be confined to them when suitable persons in membership can
not be found. The value of this scholarship is approximately $450
annually.
Memorial S cholarships in C lassics and Ancient History. In
memory of William Hyde Appleton, Ferris W . Price, W alter Dennison,
and Ethel Brewster, Professors of Classics at Swarthmore College,
two scholarships are offered, one to a man, one to a woman who
desires to specialize in Greek, Latin, Classics, or Ancient History. Each
award normally carries a stipend of $400 a year. The scholarships are
competitive. In addition to the requirements for the Open Scholarships,
the candidate must make a high rating in a competitive Latin Reading
test set by the Department of Classics.
The Phebe Anna T horne F und provides an income of approxi
mately $2250 for scholarship for students needing pecuniary assist
ance whose previous work has demonstrated their earnestness and
their ability. This gift includes a clause of preference to those stu
dents who are members of the New York Monthly Meeting of Friends.
These scholarships are awarded by the college under the regulations
fixed by the board.
The W estbury Quarterly Meeting, N. Y., S cholarship, amount
ing to $350, is awarded annually by a committee of that Quarterly
Meeting.
The J ames E. Miller Scholarship. Under the will of Arabella M.
Miller, who died Sixth Month 24th, 1922, the sum of $5,986 was
awarded to the Cambridge Trust Company, Trustee under the will
of James E . Miller, to be applied to scholarships in Swarthmore
College. An annual income of approximately $200 is available and
may be applied toward the payment of board and tuition of students
of Delaware County (preference to be given to residents of Nether .
38
Providence Township) to be selected by Swarthmore College and
approved by the Trustee.
The Chi O mega Scholarship was established by members and
friends of the Chi Omega Fraternity. The income provides an award of
approximately $225 annually to a member of the freshman class who
is in definite need of financial aid. Preference is given to daughters or
sons of members of the fraternity, but if in any year such a candidate
does not apply, the committee will select a freshman woman to receive
the award. Applications should be sent to the Office of the Deans
before January 1st of the year in which the award is to be made. A
member designated by the Fraternity serves on the Committee of
Award.
The Presser Music Scholarships, given by the Presser Foundation
of Philadelphia, makes available five scholarships annually, amounting
to $250 each, for those students whose special interests are in the
field of music.
Each of the following funds yields annually about $225 and is
awarded at the discretion of the college to students needing pecuniary
aid:
The B arclay G. Atkinson Scholarship F und.
The R ebecca M. Atkinson Scholarship F und.
The W illiam D orsey S cholarship F und.
The George E llsler Scholarship F und.
The J oseph E. Gillingham F und.
The T homas L. L eedom Scholarship F und.
The Sarah E. L ippincott Scholarship F und.
The M ark E. Reeves Scholarship F und.
The Helen Squier S cholarship F und.
The Mary S proul S cholarship F une.
The J oseph T. Sullivan Scholarship F und.
T he D eborah F. W harton Scholarship F und.
The T homas W oodnutt Scholarship F und.
The Samuel W illets F und yields an income of approximately
$4,300 annually, “to be applied to educate in part or in whole such
poor and deserving children as the Committee on Trusts, Endow
ments and Scholarships of said college may from time to time judge
and determine to be entitled thereto.”
39
In addition to the above fund, Samuel Willets gave scholarships
in the name of his children, F rederick W illets , E dward W illets ,
W alter W illets , and C aroline W . F rame . These scholarships have
the value of $225 each. They are awarded by the respective parties,
their heirs or assigns, or in the event that the heirs do not exercise
their right, by the college authorities.
The f j V. W illiamson Scholarships. Ten scholarships of the value
of $150 each are offered to graduates of designated Friends schools.
The scholarships are distributed as follows: two each to graduates
of Friends Central and George School, one in the boys’ and one in the
girls’ department; and one each to New York Friends Seminary, Balti
more Friends School, Wilmington Friends School, Moorestown Friends
School, Friends Academy at Locust Valley, Sidwell Friends School
and Brooklyn Friends School.
Any income not utilized in accordance with these conditions is used
for free scholarships in accordance with the will of the donor.
F riends C ollege Scholarships. Swarthmore College, with a group
of other Friends Colleges, has established two kinds of scholarships:
( 1 ) to assist Friends discharged from C.P.S. camps to continue their
education; ( 2 ) to enable students from the smaller Friends Colleges
to spend a year at one of the three cooperating colleges in the Phila
delphia area: Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore. These scholar
ships will be granted in varying amounts according to need and ability.
Special L oan F unds
Several loan funds are administered by a committee to which appli
cation should be made through the Business Manager of the college.
T he Class of 1913 L oan F und was established by the Class of
1913 at their twenty-fifth reunion. Both principal and income are to be
used to provide a loan fund for students in the three upper classes.
Individual students may borrow up to $200 in any one year, the loans
to be repayable within five years with interest at four percent.
T he C lass of 1916 L oan F und was established by the Class of
1916 at their twenty-fifth reunion. The fund is designed to provide
loans to senior students, preferably descendants of members of the
Class of 1916, or to other students at the discretion of the administer-
40
mg committee. The loans are repayable not later that five years after
graduation, with interest at the rate of four percent.
The J ohn A. Miller L oan F und was established by the Class of
1912 at their twenty-fifth reunion. Both principal and income are to
be used to provide a loan fund for students in die three upper classes.
Individual students may borrow up to $200 in any one year, such
loans to be repayable within five years with interest at four percent.
The Paul M. Pearson L oan F und was established by a number of
Dr. Pearson’s friends as a memorial for perpetuating his life and spirit.
Both principal and income may be used for loans to students, repay
able not later than five years after graduation, with interest at the rate
of four percent
The Swarthmore College S tudent L oan F und was established
by Mr. Clarence J. Gamble, who, feeling such a fund to be of unusual
benefit to worthy students, gave a sum to the college on condition that
the Board should set aside an equal amount to be added to the fund.
Both principal and income may be used for loans to students, repay*able not later than five years after graduation with interest at the rate
of four percent.
The E llis D. W illiams F und. By the will of Ellis D. Williams,
a legacy of $25,000 was left to the college, the income from which is
to be used for loans to students, repayable not later than five years
after graduation, with interest at the rate of four percent.
Educational Resources
The primary educational resources of any college are the quality
of its faculty and the spirit of the institution. Second to these are the
physical facilities, in particular the libraries, laboratories and equip
ment.
Laboratories, well equipped for undergraduate instruction and in
some cases for research, exist in physics, chemistry, zoology, botany,
psychology, astronomy, and in civil, mechanical and electrical engi
neering. The Sproul Observatory, with its 36-foot visual refracting
telescope, is the center of much fundamental research in multiple star
systems. The Edward Martin Biological Laboratory provides excep
tional facilities for work in psychology, zoology, botany and pre
41
medical studies. Recent additions to Beardsley Hall increase the
facilities for laboratory instruction and research in engineering.
The Swarthmoke C ollege L ibrary, in part of the gift of Andrew
Carnegie, contains reading rooms, offices and a collection of 154,576
volumes. Some 3500 volumes are added annually. About 600 periodi
cals are received regularly. The general collection, including all but
the scientific and technical books and journals, is housed in the library
building, situated on the front campus. An addition providing store
room for 150,000 volumes was erected in 1935. Important special units
of the main library are the Appleton collection of classics and English
literature and the Potter collection of legal material. The library is
definitely a collection of books and journals for undergraduate use.
The demands of honors work, however, make necessary the provision
of large quantities of source material not usually found in collections
maintained for undergraduates. It is a point of library policy to try to
supply, either by purchase or through inter-library loan, the books
needed by students or members of the faculty for their individual
research.
A number of special features enrich the academic background of the
college. Among these are the following:
The B iddle M emorial L ibrary is an attractive fire-proof structure
of stone and steel given by Clement M. Biddle, ’96, in memory of his
father, Clement M. Biddle, who served for over twenty years as a
member of the Board of Managers or as an officer of the Corporation
of the College. This Library contains two important Collections: the
Friends Historical Library and the Swarthmore College Peace Collec
tion.
The F riends H istorical L ibrary, founded in 1870 by Anson Lapham, is one of the outstanding collections in the United States of
manuscripts, books, pamphlets, and pictures relating to the history of
the Society of Friends. The library is the central depository for the
records of Friends’ meetings belonging to Philadelphia Yearly Meeting
(R ace Street). More than 1,000 record books have been deposited;
many of them have been reproduced on microfilm, for which a read
ing machine is available. The William W ade Hinshaw Index to
Quaker Meeting Records indexes the material of genealogical interest
in the records of 200 meetings in various parts of the United States.
Notable among the other holdings are the Charles F . Jenkins Whittier
42
Collection (first editions and manuscripts of John Greenleaf W hittier),
the Mott Manuscripts (over 400 autograph letters of Lucretia Mott,
antislavery and women’s rights leader), and the Hicks Manuscripts
(more than 300 letters of Elias Hicks, a famous Quaker minister).
The Library’s collection of books and pamphlets by and about Friends
numbers approximately 20,000 volumes. Ninety Quaker periodicals
are currently received. There is also an extensive collection of
photographs of meeting houses and pictures of representative Friends.
It is hoped that Friends and others will consider the advantages of
giving to this Library any books and family papers which may throw
light on the history of the Society of Friends.
The S wabthmore C ollege Peace C ollection, also housed in the
Biddle Memorial Library, is of special interest to research students
and others seeking the records of the Peace Movement. Beginning with
Jane Addams’ personal papers and books relating to peace, the collec
tion contains a rich variety of the documents of early peace groups
as far back as the first peace committees in England and the United
States about 1815, as well as rare peace posters from many lands, and
correspondence and writings of peace and arbitration leaders.
Individual writings on peace date back to about 1642. The collec
tion includes some 500 titles of magazines and bulletins devoted
to peace, published in the United States and abroad during the past
120 years. There are about 140 titles of bulletins and magazines cur
rently received in eleven languages from 23 countries. This collection
is the official depository for the leading peace organizations in the
United States. A more complete description of the collection will be
found in the Guide to the Swarthmore College Peace Collection,
A Memorial to Jane Addams, published by the College and available
on request.
The W illiam J. C ooper F oundation provides a varied program
of lectures and concerts which enriches the academic work of the college. The Foundation was established by William J. Cooper, a devoted
friend of the college, whose wife, Emma Mcllvain Cooper, served as
a member of the Board of Managers from 1882 to 1923. Mr. Cooper
bequeathed to the college the sum of $100,000 and provided that the
income should be used in bringing to the college from time to time
eminent citizens of this and other countries who are leaders in states
manship, education, the arts, sciences, learned professions and busi
ness, in order that the faculty, students and the college community
43
may be broadened by a closer acquaintance w th matters of world
interest.” Admission to all programs is without charge.
The Cooper Foundation Committee works with the departments
and with student organizations in arranging single lectures and con
certs, and also in bringing to the college speakers of note w horem am
in residence for a long enough period to enter into die life of the community. Some of these speakers have been invited with the understand
ing tlmt their lectures should be published under die auspices of t
Foundation. This arrangement has so far produced 7 volumes:
Lindsay, Alexander Dunlop. T h e Essentials of Democracy. Phila
delphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1929.
Lowes, John Livingston. Geoffrey Chaucer and the Development
of His Genius. New York, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1934.
W eyl, Hermann. M ind and Nature. Philadelphia, University of
Pennsylvania Press, 1934.
A m ericas Recovery Program, by A. A. Berle, Jr., John Dickinson,
A. Heath Onthank . . . and others . . . London, New York, etc.,
Oxford University Press, 1934.
Madariaga, Salvador de. Theory and Practice 'i n International
Relations. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1937.
Streit Clarence Kirshman. Union Now; a Proposal for a Federal
Union of the Democracies of the North Atlantic. New York, Harper,
1939.
Krogh August. T he Comparative Physiology of Respiratory
Mechanisms. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1941.
The A r t h u r H o y t S c o t t H o r t ic u l t u r a l F o u n d a tio n . T w o hun
dred and forty-seven acres are contained in the College property,
including a large tract of woodland and the valley of Crum Creek.
Much of this tract has been developed as an Arboretum through the
provisions of the Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foundation, estabishpd in 1929 by Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott and Owen and Margaret
Moon as a memorial to Arthur Hoyt Scott of the Class of 1895. The
Arboretum is designed both to beautify the campus and to afford ex
amples of the better kinds of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants
which are hardy in the climate of Eastern Pennsylvania and suitable
for planting by the average gardener. There are exceptionally fine
14
displays of Japanese cherries and tree peonies, and a great variety
of lilacs and chrysanthemums. Many donors have contributed gener
ously to the collections. (F o r full inf®rmation see Bulletin of Swarthmore College, Vol. xxxvii, No. 5 .)
The B ronson M. Cutting Memorial C ollection of Recorded
Music was established at Swarthmore College in 1936 by a gift of
approximately four thousand phonograph records, a radio-phonograph,
books and musical scores, from the family of Bronson Murray Cutting,
late Senator from New Mexico. Its object is to make the best recorded
music available to the undergraduates, faculty, and friends of Swarth
more College, in cooperation with the work of the college Department
of Music. The collection is kept up to date with current additions.
The B enjamin W est Society, an organization of alumni, members
of the faculty and friends of the college, is building up a collection
of paintings, drawings, and etchings, which are exhibited as space
permits in various college buildings. The Society owes its name to the
American artist of the eighteenth century who was born in a house
which still stands on the Swarthmore campus, and who became Presi
dent of the Royal Academy.
College Life
H o u sin g
Swarthmore is primarily a residential college, conducted on the
assumption that an important element in education comes from close
association of students and instructors. Most students live in dormi
tories. Many members of the faculty live in houses on the campus.
Residence Halls
There are four dormitories for men: Wharton Hall, named in honor
of its donor, Joseph Wharton, at one time President of the Board of
Managers; and three buildings on the recently purchased Mary Lyon
School property.
The womens dormitories include the upper floors in the wings of
Parrish Hall; W orth Hall, the gift of William P. Worth, 1876, and
J. Shaipless Worth, ex-1873, as a memorial to their parents; Palmer
and Pittenger Halls on South Chester Road; and Woolman House on
Walnut Lane.
45
Roberts Hall on South Chester Road has been converted into apart
ments for a limited number of married veterans.
Dining Rooms
All students, both men and women, have their meals in two adjoin
ing College Dining Rooms in Parrish Hall. Breakfast is served to the
residents of the Mary Lyon buildings in the cafeteria on the premises.
R eligious L ife
The religious life of the college is founded on the Quaker principle
that the seat of spiritual authority lies in the Inner Light of each indi
vidual. The Society of Friends is committed to the belief that religion
is best expressed in the quality of everyday living. There are accord
ingly no compulsory religious exercises, save in so far as the brief devo
tional element in Collection (see below) may be so considered. Stu
dents are encouraged to attend the churches of their choice: Episcopal,
Presbyterian, Methodist, and Christian Science, in the borough of
Swarthmore; Catholic, in the nearby towns of Morton, Media, and
Chester. The Swarthmore Meeting House is located on the campus.
Students are cordially invited to attend its meeting for worship on
Sunday. Extra-curricular groups under faculty direction exist for the
study of the Bible and the exploration of common concerns in religion.
An assembly of the college, called Collection, is held at 10:00 a. m.
every Thursday in Clothier Memorial; attendance of students is
required. There is regularly a period of silence according to the
Friendly tradition and, when these are in keeping with the remainder
of the program, the singing of hymns and a reading from the Bible.
Lasting from one-half to three-quarters of an hour, Collection nor
mally includes an address; but this is varied by the occasional intro
duction of musical, dramatic, and other programs.
Student W elfare
Health
The college physician holds daily office hours at the college, where
students may consult him without charge. A student must report any
illness to the college physician, but is free to go for treatment to
another doctor if he prefers to do so.
46
The college physician gives physical examinations to all students
at the beginning of each year. There is close cooperation with the
Department of Physical Education. Recommendations for limited
activity are made for those students with physical handicaps. In some
cases a student may be excused entirely from the requirements of the
Physical Education Department.
The college health program includes an annual chest x-rav which
is compulsory for all students. Should the student fail to meet his
x-ray appointment, he is required to have one taken at his own
expense.
There are two infirmaries, one for men and one for women. The
infirmary for men is in Section F of Wharton Hall; the women’s
infirmary is at the east end of Parrish Hall. A registered nurse is in
charge of each, under the direction of the college physician.
The infirmaries are open to students without charge unless the
services of a special nurse are required. Students suffering from
a communicable disease, or from illness which makes it necessary
for them to remain in bed, must stay in the infirmaries for the period
of their illness.
Students are encouraged to remain in the infirmaries for the
duration of an illness. A charge is made for special expensive
medicines and certain immunization procedures, but ordinary medi
cines are furnished without cost.
Medical and surgical expenses for injuries incurred during author
ized athletic competition are paid for by the college. For non-athletic
injuries permission of parents is usually requested for procedures
such as x-rays and extensive laboratory tests.
The college psychiatric consultants hold office hours by appoint
ment each week. A student may have from one to three interviews, for
which a fee of five dollars is charged by the college. The purpose of
this service is to be of help to all types of emotional problems.
Vocational Office
The college provides vocational information and advice to assist
students in their choice of a career. Conferences and field
trips are planned periodically and interviews are arranged with
prospective employers. Help is offered to students in finding employ
47
ment. In addition, summer work is planned to give students job
experience in various fields.
Alumni Office
The Alumni Office keeps records of the addresses of all living
graduates and alumni of the college. It also publishes p e rio d ic a l the
Swarthmore alumni magazine, T he G arnet L etter and an informal
news letter, Swarthmore R eports. The Alumni Secretary acts as
liaison for the college with all alumni and alumni groups, interpreting
to them present plans and policies of the college.
Student Advisers
The Deans and their assistants hold the primary responsibility for
advising all students. However, there are many other advisers avail
able to each student.
Each freshman is assigned to a faculty member who acts as his
course adviser until this responsibility falls to the chairman of the
student’s major department at the end of his sophomore year Faculty
members have also been appointed as advisers for each of the m ens
varsity athletic teams. They work closely with the team, attending
practice as well as all home and away games.
Members of the senior honorary societies, Book and Key and
Mortar Board, help the Deans with the placement program conducted
during freshman week. A group of upperclass women, under the
direction of the Women’s Student Government Association, serve
as counselors for all freshman women, several counselors being as
signed to each freshman hall. There are also proctors in each of the
men’s dormitory sections.
A marriage course is given each year under the direction of the
Marriage Council of Philadelphia. This course may be attended by
juniors and seniors, and students may seek advice from a member
of the Marriage Council staff at any time. A non-credit course analyz
ing the development of emotional maturity is also given by the
college psychiatric consultant, Dr. Leon Saul, to a limited number
of students.
Special problems may be referred by the Deans to the college
physician or to the consulting psychiatrists.
48
T he Student C ommunity
Student Council
The semi-annually elected Student Council represents the entire
undergraduate community and is the chief body of student govern
ment. Its efforts are directed toward the coordination of student
activities and the expression of student opinion in matters of college
policy.
Committees of the Council include the Budget Committee, which
regulates distribution of funds to student groups; the Community
Service Committee, which administers welfare projects; and the
Elections Committee, which supervises procedure in campus elec
tions. In addition to these, there are seven joint Faculty-Student
Committees, whose student membership is appointed by the Council:
Admissions, Arts and Crafts, Collection, Cooper Foundation, Motion
Pictures, Men’s Athletics and Student Affairs.
M en s Executive Committee
The men students of the college are represented by the Men’s Execu
tive Committee, a group elected to take responsibility for specified
problems which have to do primarily with dormitory life.
W o m en s Student Government Association
All women students are members of the Women’s Student Govern
ment Association, headed by an Executive Committee elected to pro
mote a great variety of women’s interests. This committee includes the
chairmen of certain important committees: Conduct, which maintains
social regulations; Personnel, which has a special concern for helping
freshmen; Social (see below ); Vocational, which assists the women’s
Vocational Director; Somerville, which arranges the program for
Somerville Day, on which alumnae are invited to return to the
College, and fosters student-alumnae relationships.
Social Committee
An extensive program of social activities is managed by the Social
Committee, under the direction of two elected co-chairmen, a man
and a woman. The program is designed to appeal to a wide variety of
interests, and is open to all students. At no time is there any charge
for college social functions.
49
Extra-Curricular Activities
In addition to the foregoing organizations, Swarthmore students
have an opportunity to participate in a program of extra-curricular
activities wide enough to meet every kind of interest. No credit is
given for work in such varied fields as sculpture, play-writing, pub
lishing the college newspaper or playing the cello in the orchestra.
However, the college encourages a student to participate in whatever
activity best fits his personal talents and inclinations, believing that
satisfactory avocations are a necessary part of life for the well-rounded
individual. It has provided instruction or advisers wherever there has
been sufficient demand. A handbook describing all activities, written
by the students themselves, can be had upon request to the Deans
Office.
50
THE
EDUCATIONAL
PROGRAM
OF
SWARTHMORE
COLLEGE
General Statement
Swarthmore College offers the degree of Bachelor of Arts and the
degree of Bachelor of Science. The latter is given only in the Division
of Engineering; the former, in the Divisions of the Humanities, the
Social Sciences, and Mathematics and the Natural Sciences. Eight
terms of resident study, which are normally completed in four years,
lead to a Bachelors degree.
The selection of a program will depend upon the student’s interests
and vocational plans. Programs in engineering, pre-medical courses,
and chemistry, for example, are the necessary preparation for pro
fessional work in these fields. Students planning on legal careers and
government service find majors in the social sciences of great value.
The purpose of a liberal education, however, is not primarily to
provide vocational instruction, even though it provides the best
foundation for one’s future vocation. Its purpose is to help students
fulfill their responsibilities as citizens and grow into cultivated and
well rounded individuals. A liberal education is concerned with our
cultural inheritance, the world of thought, and the development of
aesthetic, moral, and spiritual values.
It is necessary for most students to concern themselves with the
problem of making a living. But this concern should not lead them
to a specialization that is too early and too narrow. They still have
need of broadening the scope of their experience. Particular skills
may afford readier access to routine employment, but positions of
greater responsibility will be occupied by those who are equipped to
think their way through new problems and to conceive of their
functions in a larger context of time and place. Liberal education
and vocational training may be the joint products of a common
process, and the courses here offered should be selected with this
large purpose.
F or this reason, all students, during the first half of their college
program, are expected to complete general college requirements, to
choose their major and minor subjects, and to prepare for advanced
work in these subjects by taking certain prerequisites. Their schedule
is made up of full or half courses. Five full courses or their equivalent
• For groupings of departments, see page 18.
52
in half courses constitute the normal program for each of the first
two years. A full course represents from eight to twelve hours of
work a week for two semesters including class meetings, laboratory
periods and individual preparation.
The program for upper class students affords a choice between two
methods of study: Honors Work, leading to a degree with Honors,
and General Courses. An honors student concentrates on three related
subjects which he studies by the seminar method. At the end of his
senior year he must take a battery of eight examinations on the work
of his seminars, set by outside examiners. (T he system will be ex
plained more fully below.)
A student in general courses has a somewhat wider freedom of
election and takes four full courses or their equivalent in each of the
last two years. At the end of his senior year he is required to pass a
comprehensive examination given by his major department.
The program for engineering students follows a similar basic plan,
with certain variations which are explained on page 85. Courses
outside the technical fields are spread over all four years.
In addition to scholastic requirements for graduation, all students
must meet certain standards of participation in Physical Education as
set forth in the statement of that department (see pp. 128 to 130) and
must attend the Collection exercises of the college (see p. 4 6 ).
The course advisers of freshmen and sophomores are members of
the faculty appointed by the Deans. For juniors and seniors the
advisers are the chairmen of their major departments or thenrepresentatives.
Program for Freshmen and Sophomores
The program for the first four terms is designed primarily to con
tribute to a student’s general education by giving him an introduction
to the methods of thinking and the content of knowledge in a variety
of fields:
1. The traditional humanistic studies—those studies through which
man learns to understand himself and his relationship to his fellows as
individuals, and the enduring values in human experience.
2. The social sciences—those studies through which man leams to
understand the nature of organized society, past and present, and his
relationship to it.
53
3.
The natural sciences—those studies through which man learns to
understand his physical environment, both organic and inorganic, out
side of his own individual and social being.
The following subjects, therefore, designed to serve as a broad and
sound background for the more specialized work of the last two years,
are included in the program of the first two years for all students
(except those in the Division of Engineering; see pages 85 to 8 7 ).
Foreign Language—through Course 4 (see below)
History 1-2 (see p. 1 1 0 )—full course (except for science students
who may substitute a second social science)
Literature—half course
Philosophy-half course
Psychology—half course
Social Science—full course in either Economics or Political Science
Natural Science or Mathematics—full course or two half courses
(A full course in Mathematics is required for science students.
For partial fulfillment of the science requirements, students are
permitted to take Philosophy 47.)
As far as possible, these requirements are to be completed during
the first year. It is usual, however, to defer Psychology to the first term
of the second year. Science students, moreover, must ordinarily defer
one of the two courses which they select from among Economics 1-2,
History 1-2 and Political Science 1-2, to the second year.
In the case of pre-medical students and students who plan to major
in Zoology, some exemptions from the requirements listed above may
be permitted, if necessary in order to make possible participation in
the honors program. Such students should consult the chairman of
their proposed major department about these arrangements.
In addition to the requirements listed above, prerequisites must be
completed for the work of the last two years in major and minor sub
jects, and sufficient additional electives must be taken to make up ten
full courses. In the Divisions of the Humanities and the Social Sciences
it is strongly recommended that these electives shall include:
Half courses (preferably in the first semester of an academic year)
in at least two of the following: Foreign Literature (classical
or modem, either in the original or in translation), Fine Arts,
Music.
A full course in whichever social science (Economics or Political
Science) is not taken in fulfillment of the general requirements.
54
A third half course in a natural science or a half course in Mathe
matics or courses in each of these.
It is expected that, after completion of the minimum courses in the
general program of the first two years, the student will devote the
remainder of his sophomore year to preparing himself for more ad
vanced study of those subjects which have most interested him and to
other courses which will increase the range of his knowledge. He
should decide, as early in his sophomore year as possible, upon two or
three subjects in which he might like to major and should consult the
statements of the departments concerned as to required and recom
mended courses and supporting subjects. In most cases he is advised
to take not more than one semester of work in any subject beyond
the first course.
The requirement in foreign language (either classical or modem)
is such that an exceptionally well prepared freshman may demonstrate
his completion of it before entering college by his rating in an Achieve
ment Test given by the College Entrance Examination Board. The
results of die tests indicate, however, that most students need to
devote from one to four terms to further language study. A complete
statement of the requirement, follows:
Each student will pursue one foreign language to a point equivalent
to the completion of Course 4. The desired standard is normally met
on the basis of four years’ work in high school, or of three or two years’
work in high school followed by one or two terms in college. If a stu
dent fulfills the requirement with a language which he begins in col
lege, he will need to study it for four terms. If he fulfills it with a
language begun elsewhere, his progress toward the degree of compe
tence demanded is measured by a placement test. This may be one of
the achievement tests of the College Entrance Examination Board
which he has taken as a requirement for admission. Additional place
ment tests are given when necessary by the Swarthmore departments
of language.
Program for Juniors and Seniors
W ork
in
C ourse
The work of juniors and seniors in course includes some intensive,
specialized study within a general area of interest. This comprises
enough work in a single department (designated as a “major” ) to make
an equivalent of four full courses and enough in another department
55
(designated as a “minor” ) to make an equivalent of three full courses;
work taken during the first two years may be counted toward fulfil
ment of either the major or minor requirements. The minor may be
divided between two departments, but not more than two without the
approval of the Instruction Committee. In the case of a mmor divided
between two departments, not more than one introductory course may
be submitted in support of the minor requirement. Before gradua
tion the student must pass a comprehensive examination in his major
subject.
, ,
A student must choose his major and minor subjects at the end of
the sophomore year, and apply formally through die Registrar to be
accepted by the division or divisions concerned. The decision will be
based on an estimate of his ability in his major subject as well as on
his record. If a student does not secure divisional approval, he cannot
be admitted to the junior class.
A student’s course adviser during his junior and senior years is the
chairman of his major department (or a member of the department
designated by the chairman) whose approval he must secure for his
choice of courses each semester.
In addition to major and minor subjects, juniors and seniors usually
have room for at least one elective a year.
The completion of eighteen full courses, with a minimum average
of C, normally constitutes the course requirement for a degree. A
student may carry extra work after the freshman year with the approval
of his course adviser and of the Committee on Prescribed and Extra
Work, provided that his record in the previous year has been satis
factory.
H o n o rs W o rk
Description of the System.
Honors work is a system of instruction designed to free from the
limitations of class-room routine those students whose maturity and
capacity enable them to do independent work. Students who are chosen
toward the end of their sophomore year to read for honors are exempt
from further course requirements. Instead, during their junior and
senior years they study a few subjects intensively and independently.
They meet their instructors weekly in small seminars lasting about
three hours. In these meetings it is customary for students to present
• See separate departmental statements for definition of what constitutes an
introductory course.
56
frequent papers, although the methods of stimulating discussion vary
greatly. In scientific subjects additional time is spent in the laboratory.
The work is so planned that a student takes two seminars each semes
ter, making a total of eight seminars during his last two years. Depart
ments sometimes permit their major students to substitute for one
seminar the preparation of a thesis.
If a department, supported by the division concerned, is of the
opinion that seven seminars instead of eight, plus one full course or
two half courses, form a better educational program than the usual
eight seminars, such a program will be allowed, and will be completed
by seven examinations instead of eight.
A student whose work shows unusual distinction but who has not
elected to read for honors at the end of his sophomore year may be
permitted to take the regular honors examination and receive the
degree of honors recommended by the visiting examiners. He must
petition the division concerned for this permission before the end of
his seventh semester and must submit a list of eight examinations
which he feels prepared to take.
Honors work involves a concentration of the students efforts upon
a limited and integrated field of studies. H e chooses seminars in three
( or sometimes four) allied subjects, and customarily devotes at least
one-half of his time to a single department in the line of his major
interest, in which he is expected to demonstrate real achievement.
Combinations of seminars are not governed by rigid rules but must
be approved by the departments and divisions in which work is taken.
Combinations involving seminars from two divisions must be approved
by the divisions involved.
No examinations or grades are given from semester to semester,
although it is customary for honors students to take practice examina
tions at the end of the junior year over the work covered thus far.
These papers are read by the instructors concerned and are used as a
basis for advice and guidance for the work of the senior year. At the
end of the senior year honors students take written and oral examina
tions given by examiners from other institutions.*
The student should attain a degree of proficiency which will enable
him to meet a rigorous and searching examination. This examination
is designed to test his competence in a field of knowledge rather than
his mastery of those facts which an instructor has seen fit to present in
* For list of examiners in February and June, 1949, see page 134.
57
seminar. This is one of the chief ends for which the system of visiting
examiners has been instituted. The examiners first set a three-hour
written examination on the subject of each seminar, and after reading
the written examination have an opportunity to question each student
orally, in order to clarify and enlarge the basis of their judgment of
the student’s command of his material.
Upon recommendation of the examiners, successful candidates are
awarded the bachelor’s degree with honors, with high honors, or with
highest honors. Highest honors are awarded only to those who show
unusual distinction. When the work of a candidate does not, in the
opinion of the examiners, merit honors of any grade, his papers are
returned to his instructors, who decide, under rules of the faculty,
whether he shall be given a degree in course.
Students admitted to honors work who prove unable to meet the
requirements or who for other reasons return to regular classes may
receive proportional course credit for the work they have done while
reading for honors.
Regulations governing possible combinations of major and minor
subjects in the four divisions appear below. Lists of seminars offered in
preparation for examinations follow departmental statements.
COMBINATIONS O F MAJORS AND MINORS FO R
HONORS WORK
Division of the Humanities
Major and minor subjects include English, Fine Arts, French, Ger
man, Greek, History, Latin, Music, Philosophy, Psychology, and Span
ish. At least half of the student’s time will probably be devoted to his
major subjects, the remainder being divided between two related
subjects within the division.
Division of the Social Sciences
Major and minor subjects include Economics, History, Philosophy,
Psychology, and Political Science. Students in this division normally
devote half their time to their major subject, dividing the remainder
among related minor subjects according to plans approved by the
division.
Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
Major subjects include Botany, Chemistry, Electrical Engineering,
Mathematics, Physics, Psychology, Zoology; related minor subjects
58
include the subjects listed, and Astronomy and Philosophy. At least
half of the student’s time will probably be devoted to his major
subject, with the remainder divided between two other related
subjects within the division.
Division of Engineering
Major subjects for honors work in this division include Civil Engi
neering, Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering; a minor
may be taken in either or both of the engineering departments in
which the student does not have his major, or in Chemistry, Mathe
matics, Physics or Economics. At least one-half of the student’s time
will be devoted to his major in engineering. The degree granted is the
B.S. in Engineering.
The final examination will include papers on the fundamentals of
the three professional departments of engineering, four papers on the
seminars of the senior year, and one or two additional papers based
upon the course which the student has taken, the number of papers
and their subjects to be determined by the faculty of the division.
Procedure
for
Admission
to
H onors W ork
A candidate for admission to an honors division must file his appli
cation near the end of his sophomore year with the chairman of his
ivision, and must indicate the particular combination of related sub
jects on which he wishes to be examined for his degree. His acceptance
by the division, depends in part upon the quality of his previous work
as m icate
y the grades he has received but mainly upon his appar
ent capacity for assuming the responsibility of honors work. The names
o accepted candidates are announced later in the spring. The major
department will then arrange, in consultation with the student, a defi
nite program of subjects to constitute the field of knowledge on which
re sL ,
T
drT
touch
°f
responsible H g B
subsen
T
!
I aPP
sub e c T o r t f e
^ ^ ^
° f hiS Seni° r ^
That department is
ng Up the ° riSinaI Plan of J * work for super
Semif rs in a11 departments and for keeping in
p I f5 ° f t e s t e r to semester. The division is
° f tHe Student’S original P ^ gram and for any
^
F ° gram- Pr° P° SaIs f° r c°*nbinations of
fments
i must
g f bel approved
f c *by provi
ded for 111 * e divisional
the divisions involved.
59
8
Pre -M edical Program
The pre-medical student’s program is planned and his work super
vised by the Pre-medical Advisory Committee. There is more than one
program of courses by which a student may prepare himself for ad
mission to medical school. In mapping out a program for each student
the Committee keeps in mind ( a ) the particular interests of the stu
dent, (b ) the entrance requirements of the medical schools of the
student’s choice, ( c ) the need for an understanding of basic social
problems and the cultivation of a sensitiveness for the enduring values
in the arts and literature, and (d ) the value of intensive work in at
least one field.
In order to meet medical school requirements most pre-medical
students take Biology 1-2; Chemistry 1-2, 11 and 21; English Com
position; Mathematics 1-2; Physics 1-2; Zoology 11 and at least one
other half course; a modern foreign, language, preferably German, to
a point equivalent to the completion of course 4. The work of the
ju n io r and senior years may be taken in the honors program or in
course. Intensive work may be carried out in a single field or in
closely related departments. Pre-medical students may fulfill the
major requirements in the department of their own choice, usually,
but not necessarily, in chemistry, mathematics, physics, or zoology,
or they may fulfill the requirements by completing three full courses
in each of two related departments in the division of mathematics
and the natural sciences. In the latter case the comprehensive exami
nations will be arranged jointly by the departments concerned.
Although some students have been admitted to medical schools
upon the completion of three years of college work, many of the best
medical schools strongly advise completion of four years of college.
Faculty Regulations
Attendance
at
C lasses
and
C ollection
Members of the faculty will hold students responsible for regular
attendance at classes and will report to the Deans the name of any
student whose repeated absence is in their opinion impairing the
student’s work. The number of cuts allowed in a given course is not
specified, a fact which places a heavy responsibility on all students
to make sure that their work is not suffering as a result of -absences.
Since freshmen must exercise particular care in this respect and since
60
the faculty recognizes its greater responsibility toward freshmen in the
matter of class attendance, it is expected that freshmen, especially, will
attend all their classes.
When illness necessitates absence from classes the student should
report at once to the nurses or to the college physician.
The last meeting before vacation and the first meeting after vacation
in each course must be attended. The minimum penalty for violation
of this rule is probation. The exact definition of probation in individ
ual cases is left to the Deans with the understanding that it shall
include attendance at all classes without cuts.
Absences from Collection are acted upon by the Deans as instructed
by the faculty. All students are allowed two absences from Collection
each term.
Grades
Instructors report to the Deans’ office at intervals during the year
upon the work of students in courses. Informal reports during the
semester take the form of comments on unsatisfactory work. At the end
of each semester formal grades are given in each course under the letter
system, by which A means excellent work, B good work, C fair work,
D poor work, and E failure. W signifies withdrawn and Cond. signifies
conditioned in the course.
The mark “conditioned” indicates either ( 1 ) that a student has done
unsatisfactory work in the first half of a course, but by creditable work
during the second half may earn a passing grade for the full course,
and thereby remove his condition; or ( 2 ) that a student’s work is in
complete in respect to specific assignments or examinations. The con
dition may be removed by the completion of the necessary work.
Conditions of both types must normally be made up in the term
immediately following that in which they were incurred; for the
removal of conditions of type ( 2 ) , a date is set at the end of the first
six weeks of each term when make-up examinations must be scheduled
and late papers submitted. Under special circumstances involving a use
of laboratories or attendance at courses not immediately available, a
student may secure permission to extend the time for making up a
condition until the second term following. Any condition not made up
within a year from the time it is imposed shall thereafter be recorded
as E , i.e., complete failure, which cannot be made up.
61
Reports are sent to parents and to students at the end of each
semester.
F or graduation in general courses, a C average is required; for
graduation in honors work, the recommendation of the visiting ex
aminers. (See pp. 56 to 59 and p. 63.)
E xtra
or
F ewer C ourses
A regular student is expected to take the prescribed number of
courses in each semester. If more or fewer courses seem desirable, he
should consult his course adviser and file a petition with the Com
mittee on Academic Requirements. A student who wishes to take
fewer than the normal number of courses should register for the
regular program and file a petition to drop one or more courses.
Applications involving late entrance into a course must be received
within the "first two weeks of the semester. Applications involving with
drawal from a' course must be received not later than six weeks after
the beginning of the semester.
E xaminations
Any student who is absent from an examination, announcement of
which was made in advance, shall be given an examination at another
hour only by special arrangement with the instructor in charge of the
course.
No examination in absentia shall be permitted. This rule shall be
interpreted to mean that instructors shall give examinations only at
the college and under direct departmental supervision.
Summer S chool W ork
Students desiring to transfer credit from a summer school are re
quired to obtain the endorsement of the chairman of the department
concerned before entering upon the work, and after completing the
work are required to pass an examination set by the Swarthmore de
partment.
R esidence
All men students except freshmen choose their rooms in order deter
mined by lot. All freshmen, both men and women, are assigned to
rooms by the Deans. Upperclass women have a preferential system
carried out by a committee of students and members of the admin
istrative staff.
62
Students may occupy their rooms between terms only by special
arrangement with the Deans. The college dining room is closed during
all vacations.
Freshmen are asked to leave the college immediately after their last
examination in June so that their rooms may be used by Commence
ment visitors.
Prohibition
of
Automobiles
at
S warthmore
By action of the faculty, approved by the Board of Managers, no
undergraduate may maintain an automobile while enrolled at the
college without the permission of the Dean. This rule prohibits equally
the maintenance of an automobile owned by students and those
owned by other persons but placed in the custody or control of
students.
Day students may, with the permission of the Deans, use cars in
commuting to college. Under exceptional circumstances a student may
obtain permission from one of the Deans to keep an automobile in the
borough for a limited time.
The prohibition of automobiles is important in order to maintain
the kind of academic community for which Swarthmore stands. Parents
and students must realize that this regulation will be strictly enforced;
students who fail to observe it may be asked to withdraw from college.
E xclusion
from
C ollege
The college reserves the right to exclude at any time students whose
conduct or academic standing it regards as undesirable, and without
assigning any further reason therefor; in such cases fees will not be
refunded or remitted, in whole or in part, and neither the college nor
any of its officers shall be under any liability whatsoever for such
exclusion.
Requirements for Graduation
B achelor
of
Arts
and
B achelor
of
Science
The degree of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science are con
ferred upon students who have met the following requirements for
graduation:
1.
The candidate must have completed eighteen full courses or ten
courses and eight seminars with an average grade of C.
63
2. He must have complied with the course requirements for the
first two years.
3. He must have met the requirements in the major and minor
fields during the last two years.
4. He must have passed satisfactorily the comprehensive examina
tions in his major field or met the standards set by visiting examiners
for a degree with honors.
5. He must have completed four terms of study at Swarthmore
College, two of which have been those of the senior year.
6. He must have completed the physical education requirements set
forth in the statements of the Physical Education Departments (see
pages 128 to 130).
7. He must have attended the Collection exercises of the College
in accordance with the regulations (see page 4 6 ).
8. He must have paid all outstanding bills and returned all equip
ment and library books.
Advanced Degrees
M aster
of
Arts
and
M aster
of
Science
The degree of Master of Arts or Master of Science may be conferred
subject to the following requirements:
Only students who have completed the work for the Bachelor s
degree with some distinction, either at Swarthmore or at another
institution of satisfactory standing, shall be admitted as candidates for
the Master’s degree at Swarthmore.
The candidate’s record and a detailed program setting forth the
aim of the work to be pursued shall be submitted, with a recommenda
tion from the department or departments concerned, to the division
in which the work is to be done. If accepted by the division, the
candidate’s name shall be reported to the faculty at or before the
first faculty meeting of the year in which the candidate is to begin his
work.
The requirements for the Master’s degree shall include the equiva
lent of a full year’s work of graduate character. This work may be
done in courses, seminars, reading courses, regular conferences with
members of the faculty or research. The work may be done in one
64
Im S SS jj | H D {uu uu > ur
A Corner of the Biddle Memorial Library and the/Tow er of the Main Library.
Parrish, Hall.
department or in two related departments. The catalogue statements
of departments which offer graduate work indicate the courses or
seminars which may be taken for this purpose.
At the option of the department or departments concerned, a thesis
may be required as part of the work for the degree.
A candidate for the Master’s degree will be expected to show be
fore admission to candidacy a competence in those languages deemed
by his department or departments most essential for his field of re
search. Detailed language requirements will be indicated in the
announcements of departments which admit candidates for the degree.
A candidate for the Master’s degree shall be required to pass an
examination conducted by the department or departments in which
his work was done. He shall be examined by outside examiners; ex
ceptions to this requirement shall be granted only by the division
or divisions concerned. The reports of the outside examiners together
with the reports of the student’s resident instructors shall be presented
to the division in which the work was done. Recommendations for
the award of the degree shall be made to the faculty by the division.
The tuition fee for graduate students who are candidates for the
Master’s degree is $300 per year, and the general fee for these stu
dents is $15 per semester.
Advanced E ngineering D egrees
The advanced degrees of Mechanical Engineer (M .E .), Electrical
Engineer ( E .E .), and Civil Engineer (C .E .), may be obtained by
graduates who have received their Bachelor’s degree in Engineering
upon fulfilling the requirements given below:
1. The candidate must have been engaged in engineering work for
five years since receiving his first degree.
2. He must have had charge of engineering work and must be in a
position of responsibility and trust at the time of application.
3. He must make application and submit an outline of the thesis he
expects to present, one full year before the advanced degree is to be
conferred.
4. The thesis must be submitted for approval one calendar month
before the time of granting the degree.
5. Every candidate shall pay a registration fee of $5 and an addi
tional fee of $20 when the degree is conferred.
65
Awards and Prizes
The I vy M edal F und was created by a gift from Owen Moon, 94.
The income of the fund is used to purchase a medal which is placed
in the hands of the faculty for award on Commencement Day to a
male member of the graduating class. The qualifications for the Ivy
Medal are similar to those for the Rhodes Scholarships and include
(a) qualities of manhood, force of character, and leadership; (b)
literary and scholastic ability and attainments. These have been
phrased by the donor in the words “leadership based upon character
and scholarship.”
The O ak L eaf Medal was established by David Dwight Rowlands
of the Class of 1909. It was later permanently endowed in memory of
him by Hazel C. Rowlands, ’07, and Caroline A. Lukens, ’98. The
medal is placed in the hands of the faculty to be awarded each year to
the woman member of the Senior Class who is outstanding for loyalty,
scholarship and service.
The M cC abe E ngineering Award, founded by Thomas B. McCabe,
1915, is to be presented each year to the outstanding engineering stu
dent in the Senior Class. The recipient is chosen by a committee of the
faculty of the Division of Engineering.
The Crane Prize» a memorial to Charles E. Crane, Jr., of the Class
of 1936, is an award of about $20, given for the purchase of philo
sophical books, and presented annually to the junior who, in the
opinion of the department, has done the best work in Philosophy.
The A. E dward Newton L ibrary Prize of $50, endowed by A.
Edward Newton, to make permanent the Library Prize first estab
lished by W. W. Thayer, is awarded annually to that undergraduate
who, in the opinion of the Committee of Award, shows the best and
most intelligently chosen collection of books upon any subject. Par
ticular emphasis is laid in the award, not merely upon the size of the
collection but also upon the skill with which the books are selected
and upon the owner’s knowledge of their subject-matter.
The K atherine B. Sicard Prize of $5, endowed by the Delta
Gamma Fraternity in memory of Katherine B. Sicard, ex ’34, is
awarded annually to the freshman woman who, in the opinion of the
department, shows greatest proficiency in English.
P ublic S peaking C ontests. Prizes for annual contests in public
speaking are provided by two funds as follows: The E lla F rances
B unting E xtemporary S peaking F und awards prizes totalling $45,
66
for the best extemporaneous short speeches. The Owen Moon F und
provides the Delta Upsilon Speaking Contest prizes totalling $25 for
the best prepared speeches on topics of current interest.
The George F ox Award of $100 is presented annually by an
anonymous friend of the College to the undergraduate who writes the
best essay on some phase of the history or testimonies of the Society of
Friends.
The E lizabeth F ry Award of $50, together with an autographed
copy of Janet Payne Whitney’s biography of Elizabeth Fry, is pre
sented annually by an anonymous friend of the College to the under
graduate who writes the best essay on some aspect of the social atti
tudes and activities of some Quaker individual or group, preferably
of recent times.
The Lois M orrell P oetry Award, given by her parents in mem
ory of Lois Morrell of the Class of 1946, goes to that student who, in
the opinion of the faculty, submits the best original poem in the
annual competition for the award. The award, consisting of $100, is
made in the spring of the year. All entries should be submitted by
April 1.
The J ohn R ussell H ayes P oetry Prizes, of approximately $25
for a first prize and $15 for a second prize, are offered for the best
original poem or for a translation from any language. Manuscripts
should be ready by April 1 of each year.
Fellowships
There are seven fellowships offered to graduates of Swarthmore
College.
Four fellowships are awarded annually by the faculty, on recom
mendation of the Committee on Fellowships, to graduates of the
college for the pursuit of advanced work under the direction of the
faculty or with their approval. Applications for fellowships must be
in the hands of the committee by April 15. Applicants for any one of
these fellowships will be considered for all four.
These four fellowships are:
The C atherwood F ellowship, established by the Catherwood
Foundation of Philadelphia, is awarded annually to an outstanding
man or woman student of the senior class who proposes to carry on
graduate studies. Requirements for the Fellowship are sim ila r to
67
those for Rhodes Scholarships, including “some quality of distinction
in character or intellect or both.” The amount of the award is $1,000.
The H annah A. L eedom F ellowship of $500, founded by the
bequest of Hannah A. Leedom.
The J oshua L ippincott F ellowship of $600, founded by Howard
W . Lippincott, of the Class of 1875, in memory of his father.
The J ohn L ockwood M emorial F ellowship of $600, founded by
the bequest of Lydia A. Lockwood, New York, in memory of her
brother, John Lockwood. It was the wish of the donor that the fellow
ship be awarded to a member of the Society of Friends.
The other three fellowships are:
The L ucretla M ott F ellowship, founded by the Somerville L it
erary Society and sustained by the contribution of its life members,
has yielded an annual income since its foundation of $525. It is
awarded each year by a committee of the faculty (selected by the
society), with the concurrence of the life members of the society, to
a young woman graduate of that year who is to pursue advanced
study at some other institution approved by this committee.
The M artha E. T yson F ellowship, founded by the Somerville
Literary Society in 1913, is sustained by the contributions of life
members of the society and yields an income of $500 or more. It is
awarded biennially by a joint committee of the faculty and the society
(elected by the society) with the concurrence of the life members
of the society to a woman graduate of Swarthmore College, who has
taught successfully for two years after her graduation and expects to
continue teaching. The recipient of the award is to pursue a course of
study fitting her for more efficient work in an institution approved by
the Committee of Award.
Sigma X i R esearch F ellowship. The Swarthmore Chapter of
Sigma X i appoints, from time to time, as funds are available, Fellows
with research grants with a maximum value of $1,000. The holders of
this fellowship are usually associates of the chapter who have shown
conspicuous ability in graduate studies. The purpose of the chapter in
awarding these fellowships is to relieve worthy students from teaching
and other distracting duties so that they may concentrate as much as
possible upon their research. Applications for these fellowships should
be made to the secretary of the chapter not later than the middle of
M arch. Appointments will be announced about the middle of April.
68
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION
C ourse Numbering
A system of uniform numbering is used in all departments.
Courses are numbered as follows:
1 to
9—introductory courses
11 to 49—other courses open to students of all classes
51 to 69—advanced courses limited to juniors and seniors
Botany
Associate P rofessor: L uzern G. L ivingston, Chairman
The aim of the Department of Botany is to study plants as living organisms,
with particular emphasis on the dynamic, rather than the descriptive aspects of
plant science. Attention is given to the place of plants in the world of living
things, of which they form an important part, and the relation of plants to their
inorganic environment. The relation of plants to man’s culture and environment
is included, but the main emphasis is oriented toward the biology of plants,
rather than applied aspects of botany.
The introductory course in the Department is a general biology course given
in cooperation with the Department of Zoology. In this course, emphasis is
placed on those principles and phenomena common to all organisms, with plants
and animals interpreted on a comparative basis. Advanced courses provide an
intensive treatment of major subdivisions of the field of plant biology aimed at
the development of a requisite fundamental background for post-graduate study
in plant science, either in botany per se, or in its applied aspects such as the
various fields of agriculture, forestry, conservation, etc.
Requirements
and
R ecommendations
C ourse
and
for
Majors
in
H onors
Students intending to major in botany are advised to consult the departmental
chairman early in their college course for the purpose of planning a well
integrated program. Biology 1-2 and Chemistry 1-2 must be completed in the
first two years by all students contemplating a major in botany. A minor in
chemistry is strongly recommended. Students contemplating an honors program
are required to complete courses in chemistry through Organic Chemistry in the
first two years. Courses in physics and mathematics are highly desirable for
students contemplating graduate study.
Students desiring to major in biology may do so by planning an integrated
program of courses in botany and zoology. Representatives of both departments
should be consulted.
70
C ourses
1-2. GENERAL BIOLOGY. Mr. Enders, Mrs. Flemister, Mr. Livingston.
F u ll C ourse
An introduction to the study of living things. A consideration of the prop
erties of protoplasm and the structure of the cell; a brief survey of living
forms both plant and animal. The methods by which animals and plants
maintain themselves, grow and reproduce, and a discussion of the. mechan
ism of heredity. Some time will be devoted to the interrelationships of
plants and animals in communities, and the place of man in the whole
structure. Evidence for and against theories of evolution will be discussed.
Two lectures and one discussion period, one three-hour laboratory per week.
11. GENETICS. Mr. Livingston.
H alf C ourse
A study of the fundamental principles of inheritance as they apply to living
organisms generally. The course includes a detailed consideration of the
principles of Mendelian inheritance, an analysis of the underlying chromo
somal mechanisms, the gene theory, and the relationship of the principles
of genetics to evolution, to plant and animal improvement, and to man.
Three lectures per week, with assigned problems and laboratory and/or
library projects in lieu of formally organized laboratory work.
Prerequisite: Biology 1-2.
12. DEVELOPM ENTAL PLANT ANATOMY. Mr. Livingston.
(Not offered in 1949-50.)
H alf C ourse
The fundamentals of anatomy of seed plants approached from a develop
mental standpoint. The structure and behavior of meristems, problems and
processes of differentiation, and a detailed analysis of cellular, tissue and
organ structure in higher plants.
Two lectures and two three-hour laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisite: Biology 1-2.
13. SURVEY O F TH E PLANT KINGDOM. Mr. Livingston.
(F all) H alf C ourse
A comparative study of the structure, reproduction, and life habits of the
algae, fungi, mosses, and lower vascular plants from a phylogenetic view
point. Particular attention is given to current concepts of evolutionary rela
tionship from the standpoints of both comparative morphology and
paleobotanical evidence.
Two lectures and two laboratories or field trips per week.
Prerequisites: Biology 1-2.
51. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. Mr. Livingston.
(Not offered in 1949-50.)
H alf C ourse
An integrated study of the physiological processes of higher plants, including
general cellular physiology, water relations, mineral nutrition, enzyme action,
photosynthesis, metabolic processes, translocation, the physiology of growth
and development, and related topics.
Two lectures, one discussion period, and one laboratory period per week.
Prerequisite: Biology 1-2, Chemistry 1-2, Organic Chemistry desirable.
71
52. BIOLOGY O F BACTERIA. Mr. Livingston.
(Not offered in 1949-50.)
H alf C ourse
An approach to the study of bacteriology with principal emphasis on the
consideration of bacteria as organisms, rather than as causative agents of
disease, etc. The morphology, physiology and biochemistry, and classification
of bacteria.
Two lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisites: Biology 1-2, Chemistry 1-2, Organic Chemistry desirable.
53. TAXONOMY O F SE ED PLANTS. Mr. Livingston.
(Spring) H alf C ourse
A study of the classification and evolutionary relationships of seed plants,
including a detailed consideration of the characteristics of the more important
families of flowering plants. A study of the methods of identification and
recognition of the local flora, both native and horticultural.
Two lectures and two laboratories or field trips per week.
Prerequisite: Biology 1-2.
H onors W ork
The seminars given each year vary according to the choices of the students
and the convenience of the department.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY.
An extension of the area covered in course 51, with particular emphasis on a
critical study of original sources, both classical and current. The seminar
discussion is accompanied by a full day of laboratory work each week.
PROBLEM S O F GROWTH AND DEVELOPM ENT.
A correlated anatomical and physiological approach to developmental plant
anatomy and morphogenesis. The seminar discussion is accompanied by a
full day of laboratory work each week.
GEN ETICS.
An extension of the area covered in course 11, with particular emphasis on
current research in the field of inheritance in all its aspects. The seminar
discussion is accompanied by a full day of laboratory work each week.
TAXONOMY AND D ISTRIBU TIO N OF FLO W ERIN G PLANTS.
An extension of the area covered in course 53, integrated with a study of
plant geography and distribution. Seminar discussions and field work, sup
plemented by laboratory work.
72
Chemistry
Professors: E dward H. C ox, Chairman
H. J ermain Creighton*
Associate Professors: D uncan G. F oster
W alter B. Keighton, J r .
Assistant Professor:
E dward A. F ehnel
I nstructor: E m il J. Slowinski, J r .
The aim of the Department of Chemistry is to provide a sound training in the
fundamental theories and basic techniques of the science rather than to deal
with specialized branches of the subject. The courses offered are designed to meet
the needs of four classes of students:
1. Students, with a primary interest in the humanities or social sciences, who
turn to chemistry as a scientific study of general educational value. For
these students Chemistry 1 or Chemistry 1 and 2 offers training in the
scientific approach to problems, experience with the laboratory method of
investigation, and a presentation of the major intellectual achievements of
chemistry.
2. Students who seek training in chemistry as a supplement to their training
in astronomy, botany, engineering, mathematics, medicine, physics, or
zoology. Courses 1, 2, 11, 12, 21 (or 22 and 5 5 ), 61-62 and the seminars
in Organic Chemistry and in Physical Chemistry include those most fre
quently recommended for this class of students. The departmental state
ments contain specific recommendations.
3. Students interested in chemistry as a scientific study of general educational
value, but who have no intention of pursuing chemistry as a profession.
Such students may meet the college requirements for a major in chemistry
by completing the following courses in chemistry as a minimum: 1, 2, 11,
12, 22, 55, 61 and 62. They should also take Mathematics 1, 2, 11, 12;
Physics 1-2; and an additional advanced course in mathematics, physics,
or zoology. By wisely planning his elective courses the student may obtain
a broad education with emphasis on chemistry and its supporting subjects.
4. Students who expect to practice chemistry as a profession or to do graduate
study in chemistry need somewhat more chemistry, mathematics and physics
than listed in the previous paragraph. In addition they must complete
German 4 or 5. The typical curricula outlined below provide for a wellrounded and thorough training in the fundamentals of chemistry and
practice in its techniques. In addition, they satisfy the minimum require
ments of the American Chemical Society for the undergraduate training
of chemists.
* Absent on leave, first semester, 1949-50.
73
The following are typical curricula for the student in course and in honors.
Some variation from either curriculum is possible, and all students intending to
major in chemistry should consult with members of the staff regarding the courses
best suited to their purpose.
I n C ouhse
Junior Y ear
Organic Chemistry 22
Gravimetric Analysis 51
Differential Equations 52
Advanced Calculus 51
Psychology 1
Physics 11-12
Elective
F reshm an Y ear
Introductory Chemistry 1, 2
Mathematics 1, 2
German 1-2
Introduction to Philosophy 1
English 1
Economics 1-2, or Political Science 1-2
S ophom ore Y ear
Qualitative Analysis 11
Volumetric Analysis 12
Differential Calculus 11
Integral Calculus 12
German 3, 4 or 5
Physics 1-2
History 1-2, or Economics 1-2, or
Political Science 1-2
Senior Y ear
Organic Chemistry 55, 56
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 65
Physical Chemistry 61-62
Electives (3)
I n H onobs
The Freshman and Sophomore years are identical with the program above for
students in course, except that Organic Chemistry 22 is substituted for Volumetric
Analysis 12 in the second semester of the sophomore year.
Differential Equations
Ju n ior Y ear
Senior Y ear
Seminars:
Elementary Physical Chemistry
Advanced Physical Chemistry
Electricity and Magnetism
Modem Physics
Courses:
Gravimetric Analysis 51
Volumetric Analysis 12
Organic Chemistry 55, 56
Seminars:
Advanced Calculus
1. INTRODUCTORY CHEM ISTRY. Mr. Reighton and Staff.
F all Sem ester
A study of some of the central concepts and fundamental principles of
chemistry, showing how the basic facts of the science are collected and
interpreted, how the theories or fundamental laws are arrived at, and how
they are used in explaining or predicting the behavior of matter. The course
is designed to meet the needs of those students who wish to study chemistry
as a part of their general education as well as of those professionally
interested in chemistry.
74
No previous training in chemistry is required, but ample work is provided
for those who have already studied chemistry. A small group of students,
who have the interest and ability, meet with some member of the staff for
the discussion of more advanced topics. Students who enter college with
exceptional training in chemistry are encouraged to take a placement exami
nation during freshman orientation week. I f found to be sufficiently well
prepared they may omit Chemistry 1 and start with Chemistry 2 in the
spring term.
One semester. Prerequisite for all other courses in chemistry.
Three lectures and recitation periods and one four hour laboratory period
weekly.
Textbooks: Hildebrand and Latimer, P rin ciples o f C hem istry and R eferen ce
B ook o f In organ ic C hem istry; Bray and Latimer, A C ourse in G eneral
C hem istry.
2. INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY. Mr. Creighton.
Spring Sem ester
This course is a continuation of Chemistry 1, but with a shift of emphasis
towards the needs of those students who expect to major in the sciences
or in engineering. Chemistry 1 and 2 together constitute a survey of the field.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 1.
Three lectures and recitation periods and one four hour laboratory period
weekly.
Textbooks: Same as Chemistry 1.
11. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. Mr. Foster.
E ach S em ester
Modem theory of solutions of electrolytes and its application to inorganic
qualitative analysis.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 2 with a minimum grade of C.
Two lectures, one conference period and four hours of laboratory weekly.
Textbook: Fales and Kenny, In organ ic Q ualitative A nalysis.
12. VOLUM ETRIC ANALYSIS. Mr. Foster.
Spring Sem ester
The theory and practice of inorganic volumetric analysis, including examples
of physico-chemical methods. Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, and precipita
tion analyses are covered thoroughly in class, with examples in the laboratory.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry I I , with a minimum grade of C.
One lecture, one optional conference period and eight hours of laboratory
weekly.
Textbook: Kolthoff and Sandell, T ex tbook o f Q uantitative In organ ic Analysis.
21. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Mr. Cox.
F all S em ester
This course is designed to meet the needs of students who do not elect
chemistry as their major interest. It is prerequisite for those minor students
who will take the seminar in organic chemistry, but is not prerequisite for
organic chemistry 22 or 56. The course covers classification nomenclature
and reactions of organic compounds of both the aliphatic and aromatic
series. Structural relationships and chemical behavior of representative mem-
75
bers of the various classes of compounds
to pursue the more complicated syntheses
modem theories. .
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 2,
Three lectures, four hours of laboratory
week.
are stressed. No attempt is made
nor to deal at length with current
with a minimum gradé of C.
and one optional conference per
22. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Mr. Cox or Mr. Fehnel
Spring Sem ester
An introduction to the principles of organic chemistry, with special emphasis
on the nomenclature, structure, synthesis and reactions of aliphatic com
pounds. This course is not intended to be a terminal course, but is designed
to be taken in conjunction with Chemistry 55 by all chemistry majors and
by other students who desire a more thorough training in the theory and
practice of organic chemistry than is provided by Chemistry 21.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 2 with a minimum grade of C.
Three lectures and one laboratory period per week.
51. GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS. Mr. Foster.
F all Sem ester
The theory and practice of inorganic gravimetric analysis, including some
special methods, such as colorimetry and polarography, elementary gas
analysis, and, if time allows, organic combustion methods.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 12.
One lecture and eight hours of laboratory weekly.
Textbook: Kolthoff and Sandell, T extbook o f Q uantitative In organ ic A nalysis.
55. ORGANIC CHEM ISTRY. Mr. Fehnel.
F all Sem ester
A continuation of Chemistry 22, with special emphasis on the chemistry of
aromatic compounds. Laboratory experiments are selected to illustrate the
more important synthetic methods for the various classes of aromatic com
pounds and to develop skill in the use of fundamental organic laboratory
techniques.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 22 with a minimum grade of C.
Three lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
Spring Sem ester
56. ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEM ISTRY. Mr. Fehnel.
Selected topics in organic chemistry, including resonance theory, reaction
mechanisms, molecular rearrangements, free radicals and other topics of
current interest. Use of the literature of organic chemistry is discussed and
library assignments provide opportunities for the student to become familiar
with the more important journals and handbooks. One of the two weekly
laboratory periods is devoted to qualitative organic analysis and the other to
advanced preparations and techniques.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 55 with a minimum grade of C.
Three lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
61-62. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. Mr. Keighton and Mr. Slowinski.
The principles of theoretical chemistry are studied and a number of numerical
exercises are worked; the gaseous, liquid and solid states, solutions, colloids,
elementary thermodynamics, chemical equilibria, electrochemistry, the kinetics
of chemical reactions. In the laboratory die student uses a variety of physicalchemistry apparatus.
76
Two semesters, credit given only for the completion of both semesters.
Prerequisites: Chemistry 2 with a minimum grade of C, Mathematics 12,
Physics 1.
Three lectures and one laboratory period weekly.
Textbook: Prutton and Maron, Fundam ental P rinciples o f P hysical C hem istry.
65. ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Mr. Fehnel.
F all Sem ester
The periodic classification of elements is studied from the point of view of
correlation of structure and properties. Consideration is given to such topics
as atomic and molecular structure, coordination complexes, metal carbonyls,
intermetallic and interstitial compounds, modern concepts of acids and bases,
chemistry of the transition metals and rare earths and other phases of
inorganic chemistry.
One semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 61 either previously or concurrently.
Three horns of conference and lectures per week with additional four hours
per week devoted to selected readings on modem developments in inorganic
chemistry.
H onors W ork
Before admission to honors work the chemistry major will have completed the
curriculum of the first two years, outlined above, or its equivalent. At the end
of their senior year, honors students majoring in chemistry normally take four
examination papers in chemistry, with the remaining papers usually selected from
mathematics, physics, or zoology. The following seminars are offered as prepara
tion for the honors examination in chemistry.
ELEM ENTARY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. Mr. Keighton and Mr. Slowinski.
F a ll an d Spring Sem esters
The gaseous, liquid, and solid states, solutions, colloids, elementary thermo
dynamics, chemical equilibria, electrochemistry, the kinetics of chemical
reactions.
Prerequisites: Chemistry 2, Mathematics 12, Physics L.
One four-hour seminar and one eight-hour laboratory period weekly for one
semester.
ADVANCED PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. Mr. Keighton and Mr. Slowinski.
Spring Sem ester
Thermodynamics, the Debye-Hiickel theory of strong electrolytes, the struc
ture of matter, chemical kinetics including photochemistry and acid-base
catalysis.
Prerequisite: Elementary Physical Chemistry Seminar.
One four-hour seminar and one eight-hour laboratory period weekly.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Mr. Cox.
Spring Sem ester
This seminar is for minor students who wish to fit this subject into their
honors program. The material given has much of the content covered in
courses 22 and 56.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 21.
Weekly seminars and laboratory.
77
Classics
Professors: Susan P. C obbs
L. R. S hero, Chairman
Assistant Professor: Helen F . North
The courses offered by the Department of Classics fall into two groups.
One group consists of courses in the actual languages for students who wish
to begin or to continue the firsthand study of Greek or Latin literature. They
are designed to meet the needs both of those who plan to teach or to go on to
postgraduate study in the classical field and of those whose interests are not
primarily classical and who are doing work in this field to reinforce their study
of modem literature or of language in general or to broaden and deepen their
educational experience. The study of Greek is of value to all serious students of
literature, philosophy, or the Christian religion, while a knowledge of Latin is
an indispensable tool for students of the romance languages and mediaeval
history.
The other group consists of courses (numbered from 31 on) which presuppose
no knowledge of the Greek and Latin languages and are open to all students.
These courses deal with the history of the Greeks and Romans and with various
aspects of their culture which have been of special significance for the modern
world.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
for
M ajors
and
M inors
Greek or Latin may be offered as major or minor subjects in course or in
honors work. Major or minor students in course are normally required to com
plete during the first two years either Intermediate Greek (course 11-12) or
Introduction to Latin Literature (course 5-6). Both of these courses are pre
requisite for honors seminars for a major student and one of them for honors
seminars for a minor student. The course in Ethics and a course in the history of
either Greece or Rome are also recommended for major students either in course
or in honors work.
Major students in honors work may substitute for one of the four semi
nars normally required in this department either the seminar in Plato given
by th& Department of Philosophy or a thesis. Students in Latin may substitute a
seminar in Greek for one of their seminars in Latin or vice versa.
Greek
1-2. ELEM EN TARY GREEK. Miss Cobbs.
The essentials of Greek grammar are covered and easy selections from Greek
literature are read.
78
11-12. IN TERM EDIA TE GREEK. Mr. Shero.
Selections from Homer, a play of Euripides, and Plato’s A pology are read.
13-14. GREEK READING. Miss North.
The reading of some of the masterpieces of poetry and of prose, including
selections from lyric poetry and from Herodotus and a play of Aechylus or
Sophocles, is supplemented by a survey of the history of Greek literature.
Credit is given for each semester. The course will be offered only when
required.
15-16. ADVANCED GREEK READING. Mr. Shero.
The works read are determined by the interests and needs of the members
of the class but will usually include portions of Thucydides, some speeches
of the Attic orators, and a comedy of Aristophanes. Credit is given for each
semester. The course will be offered only when required.
Latin
1-2. ELEM ENTARY LATIN. Mr. Shero.
The course is designed for students who begin Latin in college or who are not
prepared to enter Intermediate Latin, and it normally covers the equivalent
of two years’ work in secondary school. The course will be offered only
when required.
3-4. IN TERM EDIA TE LATIN. Miss North.
The course is primarily concerned with the reading of Virgil’s A en eid. For
the benefit of students who have had only two years of preparatory Latin, a
brief introductory period is devoted to a review of the fundamentals of
Latin grammar. Credit is given for each semester.
5-6. INTRODUCTION TO LATIN LITERA TU RE. Mr. Shero and Miss North.
The course aims to give some conception of the scope and characteristic
qualities of Latin literature. The reading includes philosophical essays by
Cicero in the first semester and the O des of Horace in the second. Credit
is given for each semester. It is open to students who have had four years of
preparatory Latin or who have completed Intermediate Latin.
11. CATULLUS AND ELEG Y. Mr. Shero.
The work of the semester is devoted to the poems of Catullus and the
elegiac poets.
12. MEDIAEVAL LATIN. Miss North.
The reading done in this course consists of prose and verse selected chiefly
from the writings of mediaeval Latin authors, with particular emphasis on
history, philosophy, satire, and poetry. Some attention is given, early in the
course, to Christian authors, such as Minucius Felix, St. Jerome, and St.
Augustine, in order to clarify the transition from ancient to mediaeval modes
of thought and expression.
79
Ancient History and Civilization
31. HISTORY OF G REEC E. Mr. Shero.
The course is devoted to the study of the political and social history of the
Greek states to the time of the Hellenistic kingdoms. This is preceded by
a brief survey of the Oriental civilizations by which the Greeks were
influenced. Special attention is given to the 6th and 5th centuries B.C.
Considerable reading is done in the primary sources. The course is given
in alternate years and will be offered in 1949-1950.
32. GREEK CIVILIZATION. Mr. Shero.
Special stress is laid on those aspects of Greek culture which have had
special significance for the modern world, and a detailed study is made of
some of the masterpieces of Greek art and of Greek literature (in trans
lation). The course is given in alternate years and will be offered in 19501951.
34. HISTORY O F ROME. Mr. Shero.
The course is devoted to the study of the political and social history of
Rome to the time of Constantine. Special attention is given to the last
century of the Republic and the first century of the Empire. Considerable
reading is done in the primary sources.
35. CLASSICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. Mr. Shero.
The methods of archaeological investigation in general and the contributions
of archaeology to our knowledge of Greek and Roman life and art are
studied. A visit is paid to the University of Pennsylvania Museum. The
course will be offered only when required.
36. G REEK LITERA TU RE IN TRANSLATION. Miss North.
The works read in this course include the Ilia d and the O dyssey, much of
Greek tragedy and comedy, selections from the historians, the lyric and
elegiac poets, and the Ionian physicists, and, in its entirety, the R epu blic
of Plato. These works are considered both from the point of view of literary
criticism and in relation to their influence on the development of western
thought.
H onors Seminars
LATIN LANGUAGE. Miss North.
This seminar serves as an introduction to classical philology, stressing the
study of the Latin language in its development from Indo-European to the
Vulgar Latin period. It also includes practice in reading and writing Latin,
and an introduction to epigraphy and palaeography. The seminar is given
in the first semester and will be offered in 1949-1950.
80
LATIN HISTORIANS. Mr. Shero.
This seminar combines a survey of Latín historical writing to the end of the
Silver Age with intensive study of selected books of Livy and Tacitus. The
seminar is given in the second semester and will be offered in 1949-1950.
LATIN EPIC. Miss North.
This seminar traces the development of Roman epic poetry, with particular
emphasis on the D e R erum N atura of Lucretius and the A en eid of Virgil.
Some attention is also given to early Roman epic, as represented by the
A rm ales of Ennius, and to the period of its decline, typified by Lucan’s
Pharsalia. The seminar is given in the first semester and will be offered in
1950-1951.
LATIN COMEDY AND SATIRE. Mr. Shero.
Representative comedies of Plautus and Terence are read, and a study of
the Satires and E pistles of Horace and the Satires of Juvenal is supplemented
by a general survey of the development of Roman satire. The seminar is
given in the second semester and will be offered in 1950-1951.
In addition, seminars in Greek literature and in particular periods of ancient
history will be offered when required.
81
Economics
Professors: Herbert F. F raser
P atrick Murphy M alin
Clair W ilcox, Chairman
Associate Professor: F rank C. Pierson*
Assistant Professor: W illis D. W eatherford
I nstructor: J ohn A. F rechtling
L ecturers: Arleigh P. H ess, J r .
G ordon Keith
The courses in economics are designed: first, to acquaint the student with the
institutions and the processes through which the business of producing, exchang
ing, and distributing goods and services is organized and carried on; second, to
train him in the methods by which the operation of these institutions and
processes may be analyzed; and third, to enable him to arrive at informed
judgments concerning relevant issues of public policy.
Course 1-2 is prerequisite to all other work in the department except courses
3 and 4. Students intending to major in economics are also advised to take
courses 3 and 4 and Political Science 1-2. Majors in course are required to take
course 51 in the junior year and course 62 in the senior year. Majors in honors
are required to take the seminars in Monetary and Fiscal Policy and Economic
Theory. Courses and seminars should be taken, insofar as possible, in the order
in which they are listed.
1-2. INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS. All members of department.
This course is designed both to afford the general student a comprehensive
survey of the field and to provide students doing further work in the depart
ment with a foundation upon which to build. It explains the organization
and operation of free, planned, and mixed economies and analyzes the major
problems involved in the allocations of resources, the distribution of income,
the maintenance of industrial stability, and the provision of social security,
and in international economic relationships. Texts used are Samuelson,
E con om ics and Bowman and Bach, E con om ic A nalysis an d P u blic P olicy.
3. ACCOUNTING. Mr. Hess.
F irst S em ester
Analysis of the problems of business organization and finance, banking,
taxation and public regulation requires familiarity with the methods of
corporate accountancy. It is the purpose of this course to equip the student
with the rudiments of accounting that he will need to employ in his advanced
courses and seminars in economics.
• Absent on leave, 1949-50.
82
4. STATISTICS. Mr. Hess.
S econ d Sem ester
A large part of the literature of the social sciences presents generalizations
based upon the results of statistical investigations. The validity of such gen
eralizations is often dubious. It is the purpose of this course, by providing the
student with an elementary knowledge of statistical methods, to enable him
to appraise the studies that he will encounter in his later work.
51. MONEY AND BANKING. Mr. Malin.
F irst Sem ester
The organization and operation of the commercial banking system in the
United States. Central banking and the Federal Reserve system. Monetary
policy and economic stability.
52. PUBLIC FINANCE. Mr. Fraser.
S econ d Sem ester
The revenues and expenditures of Federal, state, and local governments.
The principles' of taxation and borrowing. Budgetary control and debt man
agement. Fiscal policy and economic stability.
53. 54. ECONOMICS OF BUSIN ESS. Mr. Fraser.
The economic problems which confront the business executive. F irst sem ester:
corporate organization and finance, investment banking and the securities
exchanges. S econ d sem ester: marketing, risk, speculation, insurance and the
commodities exchanges.
55. LABOR PROBLEM S. Mr. Pierson. (M r. Weatherford in 1949-50).
F irst Sem ester
The structure and functions of labor unions. Employer approaches to labor
relations. Analysis of wage policies. Governmental control of labor relations.
56. SOCIAL ECONOMICS. Mr. Pierson. (M r. Weatherford in 1949-50).
S econ d S em ester
An examination of the extent, consequences, and causes of poverty, insecur
ity, and inequality. An appraisal of economic reforms; social insurance,
medical care, housing, the social use of the taxing power, the “welfare
state.”
57. 58. PU BLIC CONTROL O F BUSIN ESS. Mr. Wilcox.
F irst sem ester: competition and monopoly in American industry, enforcement
and interpretation of the anti-trust laws, American agricultural policy. S econ d
sem ester: regulation of production and prices in municipal utilities, transpor
tation, communications, petroleum, bituminous coal, and urban markets for
fluid milk; control of prices in war-time; public ownership and operation
of industry.
59, 60. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS. Messrs. Fraser, Malin and Wilcox.
F irst sem ester: the theory and practice of international trade, the balance
of payments, foreign exchange, national commercial policies, international
investment. S econ d sem ester: population, resources, and technology; world
economic development; problems of post-war reconstruction; relations be
tween free and controlled economies.
61. ECONOMIC THEORY. Mr. Frechtling.
F irst S em ester
National income. The determination of prices. Fluctuations in economic
activity. Determinants of the level of income and employment.
83
62. SENIOR MAJORS SEMINAR. All members of department. S econ d Sem ester
Individual readings and reports on subjects not otherwise covered in the
student’s program. Common readings in contemporary literature appraising
the operation of free and controlled economies. Discussion of current issues
of public policy.
H onors W ork
FINANCE. Messrs. Fraser and Malin.
Private finance: commercial banking, corporation finance, investment bank
ing, the securities and commodities exchanges, insurance, public regulation
of financial practices. Public finance: the expenditures and revenues of
federal, state, and local governments; the principles of taxation and borrowing.
MONETARY AND FISCA L POLICY. Mr. Pierson. (M r. Keith in 1949-50.)
Income and employment. The business cycle. The theories of Lord Keynes.
The monetary policies of central banks. The fiscal policies of governments.
The stabilization of economic activity.
ECONOMIC THEORY. Mr. Weatherford.
The determination of prices. The distribution of income. Non-monetary
aspects of income analysis. Readings, among others, in the works of Ricardo,
Mill, Marshall, Cassels, Wicksell, Chamberlin, Robinson, Hicks, Viner,
Schumpeter and Haberler.
PUBLIC CONTROL O F BUSIN ESS. Mr. Wilcox.
The anti-trust laws, the patent system, price discrimination, delivered price
systems, resale price maintenance. The control of prices and production in
agriculture, bituminous coal, petroleum and urban markets for fluid milk.
Public regulation of municipal utilities, transportation and communications.
Price control in wartime. The public ownership and operation of industry.
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS. Messrs. Wilcox and Frechtling.
The theory of international trade. Monetary problems, cyclical fluctuations,
and international monetary cooperation. Restrictionism and discrimination,
cartels, commodity problems, snipping, aviation and telecommunications.
Relations between free and controlled economies. Post-war reconstruction,
economic development and international investment. International economic
organization.
SOCIAL ECONOMICS. Messrs. Malin, Wilcox and Pierson. (M r. Weatherford
in 1949-50.)
Poverty, inequality and insecurity. Labor legislation, organization, collective
bargaining, wage-policy and the public control of labor relations. Public
assistance, social insurance, medical care, housing, free income and the
social use of the taxing power. Regional planning and comparative economic
systems.
T hesis
A thesis may be substituted for a course or a seminar under exceptional
circumstances and by special arrangement.
84
Division of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Professor: S amuel T. C arpenter, Chairman
Assistant Professors: R oy F . L insenmeyer
Merton J. W illis
I nstructor: Charles W. Newlin
Research Associate: S. I. Liu
Research Consultant: C aptain W endell P. R oop
Department of Electrical Engineering
Professor: H oward M. J enkins, Chairman
Associate Professor: J ohn D. M cCrumm
Assistant Professor: C. J ustus Garrahan
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Associate Professor: W illiam E . Reaser, Chairman
Assistant Professors: B ernard M orrill
W illiam E . W ood
I nstructor: T homas E . Sweeney, J r .
L ecturer: George T. H ammerschaimb
The engineering profession of today is exacting and requires a broad, thorough
education in the natural and social sciences. It requires people who are resource
ful, precise, responsible, and emotionally mature. Engineering advances for new
needs have been made possible by new knowledge, new instruments, and the
coordinated efforts of a great number of people. Each advance has reaffirmed the
necessity of learning the fundamentals of science and the importance of cooper
ative endeavor. The educational plan of the Division has been prepared with
these purposes in mind: to indoctrinate the student in professional disciplines
while providing the foundation of a liberal education. The engineer must be so
disciplined that he is not only technically proficient, but has the background and
attitude which will enable him to accept his position as a professional man. Our
pre-professional programs educate the student in the professional disciplines of the
engineer, such as critical analysis, fact-finding, humanistic studies, and the com
munication of ideas clearly and convincingly, in the written and spoken word.
The engineering profession is in transition from solely narrow applications
of technology to a position of importance in science, planning, management,
85
industrial research, and public service. With this in mind, the three Engineering
Departments intend that each student shall ( 1 ) master the fundamental concepts
of Engineering; ( 2 ) extend this mastery in the field of Civil, Electrical or
Mechanical Engineering; ( 3 ) obtain a sufficient amount of general education to
enable him to understand how his engineering activities fit into the great purposes
of society. The engineering student must understand why he is doing what he
has chosen to do. Once he has some understanding of the general function of
engineering, he can safely be allowed some specialization.
A student who intends to major in Engineering follows a common course of
study for the first two years. At the end of the sophomore year, the student may
enter his major field of Civil, Electrical, or Mechanical Engineering. The last two
years are largely spent in his major field. The three curricula of the Engineering
Departments lead to the degree of Bachelor of Science; these curricula are
accredited by the Engineers’ Council for Professional Development.
The vocational aspects of engineering are minimized, and those aspects are
emphasized which tend to show the student how he can be useful in our modern
society. Each curriculum provides that the student of Engineering will take about
one-fifth of his work in the Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, onefourth of his work in the Departments of Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics,
and the remainder of his work in the three Departments of Engineering. The
requirements for Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering do not differ until
the third year. All students devote their last two years: ( 1 ) to certain basic
courses required of all engineers; ( 2 ) to fulfilling the major requirements of one
of the departments of Engineering; (3 ) to developing their special interests. It
is possible for students in any of the three departments whose interests lie in
the field of administration, physics, mathematics, or chemistry, to elect courses
having a more direct bearing on these subjects.
Each department has its own requirements, which are in addition to those
courses of the general education required of all Swarthmore students. To this
end, the program outlined below becomes, in effect, a uniform curriculum for
the first two years. Note particularly: ( 1 ) * students intending to major in
Engineering shall have finished calculus by the end of the third semester; (2 )
electives are available in each semester of the freshman and sophomore years
(indeed, in all four years); these should be taken in the Social Science or
Humanities Divisions.
At the end of the sophomore year an examination is given to each student
of Engineering to support his application for his major.
• High school students intending to enter Engineering should take algebra,
advanced algebra, plane and solid geometry, and trigonometry in secondary school
so as to qualify to enter analytic geometry in their first term.
86
Outline
of the
C urricula
E lectrical,
in the
D epartments
and
Mechanical E ngineering
the
F irst T wo Years
of
C ivil,
for
S econ d Sem ester
F irst Sem ester
Freshm an Y ear
English Composition
Chemistry
Differential Calculus
Descriptive Geometry
Surveying II
Social Science Elective
English Literature
Chemistry
Analytic Geometry
Engineering Drawing
Surveying I
Social Science Elective
S ophom ore Y ear
Physics
Integral Calculus
Statics
Materials & Shop Processes
Non-technical Elective
Physics
Thermodynamics I
Dynamics
Electric & Magnetic Circuits
Non-technical Elective
General C ourses
GE1 EN GINEERING DRAWING. Mr. Morrill, Mr. Sweeney.
Instruction in the use of drafting equipment; study of fundamental prin
ciples of engineering drawing; practice through rendering of detailed
elements and machine assemblies; lettering and sketching. Required for
freshman engineers. Open to all students.
Two three-hour periods per week.
GE2 D ESCRIPTIV E GEOMETRY. Mr. Reaser, Mr. Sweeney.
An extension of the basic conception of orthographic projection as applied
to the location and definition in space of three-dimensional structures;
analysis of the geometric relation of distances, angles, intersections for lines
and planes; development of surfaces; emphasis upon practical applications
of descriptive geometry in the various fields of engineering. Required for
freshman engineers. Open to all students who have had GE1 or equivalent.
Two three-hour periods per week.
GE11 MATERIALS AND SHOP PROCESSES. Staff.
Study of elementary metallurgy of ferrous and non-ferrous materials; investi
gation in the laboratory of various engineering materials as they are affected
by stress, temperature, and heat treatment; analysis of purposes and practice
in use of machine tools with emphasis on their performance with the variety
of materials used in manufacturing processes.
Three class periods per week; two three-hour laboratories each week.
87
GE51 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT. Mr. Reaser.
Study of organization and management of industrial enterprises; historical
background and evolution of present-day scientific practices; significance of
arrangement of physical plant, production control, financial policies, wage
payment, and personnel relations. Open to all students.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
GE57 EN GIN EERIN G ECONOMY. Mr. Carpenter.
À study of the methods of determining the relative economy of engineering
alternatives; compound interest and the calculation of annual cost, present
worth and prospective rates of return. A method of analysis which the
engineer uses when he investigates a proposed course of action to decide
whether it will prove to be economical. Open to all students.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Civil Engineering
Professor: Samuel T. C arpenter, Chairman
Assistant Professors: R oy F . L insenmeyer
Merton J. W illis
I nstructor: C harles W. Newlin
R esearch Associate: S. I. Liu
R esearch C onsultant: C aptain W endell P. R oop
Civil Engineering is the oldest recognized branch of the Engineering profes
sion, and the work of the present-day Civil Engineer is in construction, design of
bridges, buildings and dams, sanitary engineering, foundations, hydroelectric
power, highways, airports, and railroads. A major in the Department of Civil
Engineering studies tne science of soil, water, structures, and materials.
The Civil Engineering Department realizes the importance for the Civil
Engineer of an understanding of Economics, Political Science, and the Liberal
Arts, and provides for appropriate electives to be taken throughout the fouryear program.
Students may elect to enter the Civil Engineering honors program at the
beginning of the junior year, although the establishment of an honors seminar
depends upon the number of students who wish to enroll.
Standard Program
for
C ourse Students
F irst S em ester
S econ d Sem ester
Ju n ior Y ear
E E51 D. C. Apparatus
CE51 Mechanics of Materials & Lab
ME61 Applied Mechanics
Non-Technical Elective
M E54 Fluid Mechanics
E E 53 A. C. Apparatus & Circuits
CE52 Structural Theory
Non-Technical Elective
88
CE53 Structural Design
CE55 Soil Mechanics
CE56 Sanitary Engineering
Elective
Senior Year
CE54 Adv. Structural Theory
CE57 Reinforced Concrete
GE57 Engineering Economy
Elective
C E I SURVEYING, I. Mr. Newlin.
Surveying instruments and their adjustment; practice in taping, leveling,
running traverses. Required course for freshman engineers. Open to aU
students who have had trigonometry in high school or college. ( 1 recitation
and 1 3-hour laboratory per week.)
CE2 SURVEYING, II. Mr. Newlin.
Taking topography, stadia work, preparation of profiles and maps from field
notes, elements of photogrammetry, celestial observations.
Prerequisite: CE1 Surveying. (1 recitation and 1 3-hour laboratory per
week.)
CE11 STATICS. Mr. Willis.
Concept and definition of force, scalar, and vector quantities; combination
and resolution of forces, parallelogram law, and triangle law; principle ot
moment and couples; including forces in space; graphical and analytical
condition for equilibrium, force polygon, and string polygon; equilibnum ot
forces as applied to simple structures and machines, free body sketches,
stress diagrams, method of sections, loaded cables; conditions of equilibnum
for various force systems, coplanor and noncoplanor; centroids of areas,
volumes, and masses; area and volume theorems. Open to students who have
taken Mathematics 1 and 2. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory per week.)
CE12 DYNAMICS. Mr. Willis.
Principles of dynamics, motion of a particle, Newtons laws, general equation
of motion, rectilinear motion, displacement, velocity, speed, and acceleration,
motion of a particle acted upon by a constant force, force proportional to
displacement, simple harmonic motion, free and forced vibration, resonance,
critical speed; inertia forces, work and energy, and relation between work
and energy; momentum and impulse; curvilinear motion, velocity, tangential
and normal acceleration, moment of inertia of masses; rotation, angular dis
placement, velocity and acceleration, centripetal acceleration, and centrifugal
forces; kinetic energy of rotation, torque, and power; balancing of rotating
bodies; relative motion, angular momentum and gyroscopic motion; com
bined translation and rotation.
Prerequisite: CE3. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory per week.)
CE51 MECHANICS O F MATERIALS AND LABORATORY. Mr. Carpenter,
Mr. Linsenmeyer, Mr. Newlin.
This course deals with the internal stresses and changes of form which always
occur when forces act upon solid bodies. The mechanics involved in the
design of simple engineering structures is presented so that the student may
realize the problems which must be solved in order to secure the required
89
strength and stiffness in such structures. The laboratory work of this course
is planned to clarify the theoretical considerations of beams, columns, com
bined stress, torsion and methods of strain measurement.
Prerequisite: CE3 Statics. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory per week.)
CE52 STRUCTURAL THEORY. Mr. Carpenter, Mr. Linsenmeyer.
Analysis of determinate and indeterminate structures. A study of stresses in
truss and rigid frame systems.
Prerequisite: CE51 Mechanics of Materials. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour
laboratory per week.)
CE53 STRUCTURAL DESIGN. Mr. Carpenter.
Design of structural members and connections
structures.
for steel
and timber
Prerequisite: CE52 Structural Theory. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory
per week.)
CE54 ADVANCED STRUCTURAL THEORY. Mr. Carpenter.
A study of complex structural systems and advanced mechanics of materials.
Photoelasticity and the study of structural models.
Prerequisite: CE52 Structural Theory. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory
per week.)
C E55 SO IL MECHANICS. Mr. Linsenmeyer, Mr. Newlin.
The theory and practice of soil mechanics as applied to foundations, high
ways, and airports.
Prerequisite: CE51 Mechanics of Materials. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour
laboratory per week.)
CE56 SANITARY ENGINEERING. Mr. Willis.
This course deals with the important activities of the sanitary engineer,
including the development and purification of water supplies; sewerage and
sewage disposal. This course also includes subjects dealing with advanced
hydraulics such as hydraulic models, conformal mapping and hydrodynamics.
Prerequisite: M E54 Fluid Mechanics. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory
per week.)
C E57 REIN FO RC ED CONCRETE. Mr. Newlin.
The analysis and design of conprete structures including concrete building
frames, concrete bridges and retaining walls.
Prerequisite: CE52 Structural Theory. (3 recitations and 1 3-hour laboratory
per week.)
CE69 C IV IL EN GIN EERIN G TH ESIS. Staff.
The time allotted to a civil engineering thesis is generally one semester.
The subject matter of the thesis must be arranged six weeks before the
beginning of a semester.
90
Electrical Engineering
Professor: H oward M. J enkins, Chairman
Associate Professor: J ohn D. M cC rumm
Assistant Professor: C. J ustus G arrahan
Electrical Engineering deals largely with the development and application of
precise notions of electricity and its allied physical sciences in the broad field of
the conversion, transmission, control, and utilization of electrical energy for the
purposes of transmitting power and communicating intelligence. Electrical Engi
neering achievements have been made possible through the coordinated efforts
of many men. The profession demands critical analysis of a high order and the
ability to carry out projects efficiently and with economy. The program in
Electrical Engineering gives full recognition to the natural sciences basic to the
profession, and includes considerable work in the Humanities and Social Sciences,
since the needs of the profession are best served by engineers who are vitally
aware of the society in which they work.
The educational objectives of the Department are to provide the student with
a thorough understanding of the fundamental principles of the natural sciences
related to Electrical Engineering, and to inculcate in the student the confidence
to apply these principles to new situations. Considerable emphasis is placed on
the experimental evidence underlying these fundamentals, and mathematical
methods are used to facilitate the application of these principles. Since most
engineering problems can be solved only by making certain simplifications, the
student is encouraged to examine problems critically and to make such simplifying
assumptions as are possible without destroying the significance of the results.
Original thinking by students is fostered at all times. The importance of the
presentation of work is also stressed, the student being required to gain some
proficiency in communicating the results of his work clearly, completely, and
in a well organized form.
The courses in Electrical Engineering are each a series of inquiries dealing
with fundamental concepts of electrical phenomena. The common aim is to carry
the student to such a point that he will understand the basic sciences involved
and can apply this knowledge to the problems of his later professional practice.
Standard Program
for
C ourse S tudents
Junior Year
First Sem ester
Secon d Sem ester
E E 55 Electronics
E E 57 Engineering Analysis II
M E54 Fluid Mechanics
Elective
E E54 A. C. Circuits
E E 56 Engineering Analysis I
CE51 Mechanics of Materials
Elective
91
Senior Y ear
E E 61 Networks and Fields
E E 59 A. C. Machinery II
Engineering Elective
Elective
E E 52 D. C. Machinery
E E 58 A. C. Machinery I
E E 60 Vacuum Tube Circuits
Elective
E E 11 E L E C T R IC AND MAGNETIC CIRGUITS. Mr. Jenkins.
The experimental basis of electricity and magnetism; elementary, electro
statics and magnetostatics; voltage, current power, energy. Bilateral and
linear networks with constant driving voltages. Induced electromotive forces;
capacitance and inductance; elementary problems in ferro-magnetism.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory every other week.
Prerequisites: Physics 1-2, and to be preceded by Integral Calculus.
E E 51 D IR EC T CURRENT APPARATUS. Mr. Jenkins.
Theory of direct-current generators and motors; fundamentals of control for
direct current machines. Topics include flux, generated voltage, armature
reaction, commutation, torque, speed, voltage and speed regulation, losses,
efficiency, and effects of control on motor characteristics.
Three class periods per week; one four-hour laboratory every other week.
Prerequisite: E E l l Electric and Magnetic Circuits. Primarily for nonElectrical Engineering majors.
E E 52 D IR EC T CURRENT MACHINERY.
Theory of direct-current generators and motors; fundamentals of control for
direct-current machines; effect of control on motor characteristics; rotating
amplifiers and their use in closed-cycle control systems; tandem drives.
Three class periods per week; one four-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: E E l l Electric and Magnetic Circuits. Primarily for Electrical
Engineering majors.
E E 53 ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS AND APPARATUS. Mr. Jenkins.
Relations of simple harmonic electromotive forces and currents, phase dif
ferences; active, reactive and apparent power, power factor, resistance,
inductance, and capacitance; series, parallel, series parallel, and resonant
circuits; polyphase circuits, balanced and unbalanced. The construction*
characteristics, and operation of alternators, induction motors, transformers,
synchronous motors, synchronous converters, mercury arc rectifiers and their
regulating and control devices.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: EE51 Direct Current Apparatus.
E E 54 ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUIT THEORY. Mr. Jenkins.
Instantaneous current and power; effective current and voltage; single phase
circuit analysis; the use of complex impedance; non-sinusoidal waves; coupled
circuits; balanced polyphase circuits, unbalanced polyphase circuits and
symmetrical components.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: E E l l Electric and Magnetic Circuits.
92
E E 55 ELECTRONICS. Mr. Garrahan.
Motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields; thermionic
emission; the high vacuum diode; electrical discharges in gases; rectifiers and
thyratrons; power supplies and filters; the triode; multi-electrode tubes;
voltage amplifiers.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: E E 54 A. C. Circuit Theory.
E E 56 ENGINEERING ANALYSIS I. Mr. McCrumm.
Formulation and application of the method of engineering analysis based
upon fundamental physical laws, mathematics, and practical engineering
considerations. Emphasis is placed on the professional approach to the
analysis of a new, bona fide engineering problem. A study is made of the
common physical and mathematical aspects shared by different systems such
as mechanical, thermal, electrical and acoustical. The theory and application
of ordinary differential equations is systematically covered.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: E E 11 Electric and Magnetic Circuits, and Integral Calculus.
E E 57 ENGINEERING ANALYSIS II. Mr. McCrumm.
Further analysis of physical systems, employing the following branches of
mathematics: Gamma and Bessell functions, elliptic integrals, Fourier series
and other infinite series, partial differential equations, conformal mapping,
dimensional analysis, the Laplace transform.
Three class periods per week.
Prerequisite: E E 56 Engineering Analysis I.
E E 58 ALTERNATING CURRENT MACHINERY I. Mr. Jenkins, Mr. McCrumm.
The transformer: equivalent circuits, regulation and efficiency, parallel
operation, balanced and unbalanced polyphase operation, the autotrans
former, three winding transformer, etc. The induction motor: polyphase and
single phase machines, equivalent circuits, graphical methods of analysis,
effect of unbalanced voltages, etc.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: E E 54 A. C. Circuit Theory, and E E 52 D. C. Machinery.
E E 59 ALTERNATING
Jenkins.
CURRENT
MACHINERY
II.
Mr.
McCrumm, Mr.
The alternator: determination of the performance and the principle machine
parameters, the two reaction theory, operation under unbalanced and transi
ent conditions. The synchronous motor: a generalized study of the syn
chronous machine correlating motor and generator action, the two reaction
theory of the motor, etc. Commutator type A. C. motors and synchronous
converters. The basic aspects of power system stability.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: E E 58 A. C. Machinery I.
93
E E 60 VACUUM TU B E CIRCUITS. Mr. Garrahan.
An introduction to the analysis and design of circuits containing vacuum
' tubes. The circuits studied include: voltage and power amplifiers; modulators
and detectors; oscillators and pulse generators.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: E E 54 A. C. Circuit Theory; E E 55 Electronics, and EE57
Engineering Analysis II, or equivalent.
E E 61 NETWORKS AND F IE L D S . Mr. Garrahan.
The first part of this course is a study of electrical networks, such as artificial
lines, transmission lines with distributed parameters, and electric wave filters.
The second part is an introduction to electromagnetic field theory. The
topics discussed are: Maxwell’s hypothesis; propagation and reflection of
electromagnetic waves; antennas; wave guides and resonant cavities.
Three class periods per week; one laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: E E 5 4 A. C. Circuit Theory, and E E 57 Engineering Analysis II.
E E 70 ELEC TR IC A L EN GIN EERIN G TH ESIS. Staff.
An engineering thesis may be substituted for a course or for the examination
on the subject matter covered in a seminar, by special arrangement with
the staff.
H o n o rs
The four following seminars are offered by the Department to prepare in part
for examinations for a degree with Honors. Students who plan to take honors
seminars in Electrical Engineering should note that Circuit Theory is a desirable
preparation for Electronics ( although not a prerequisite if a seminar in Electricity
and Magnetism has been taken). Adequate training in electrical machinery, and
the Circuit Theory seminar or its equivalent, are prerequisites for the seminar in
Servomechanisms. Some knowledge of A. C. Circuit Theory is a prerequisite for
the Machinery Seminar.
CIRC U IT THEORY.
A systematic treatment of the transient and steady-state analysis of electrical
networks. The operational methods of analysis based on complex algebra and
the Laplace Transform are studied. These methods are then used to investi
gate the performance of single and polyphase systems, the general twoterminal pair, long transmission lines, and electric wave filters. The seminar
is accompanied by a full-day laboratory.
ELECTRON ICS.
A study of electron ballistics and the characteristics of electron tubes and
their application in amplifiers, modulators, detectors, oscillators, pulse genera
tors, etc. Some elementary aspects of radiation and ultra-high frequency
techniques may be included. The seminar is accompanied by a full-day
laboratory.
94
SERVOMECHANISMS.
A systematic investigation of the characteristics of closed cycle control sys
tems and their components. The mechanisms may be any combination of
electrical, thermal, mechanical or hydraulic systems. Synthesis rather than
analysis is stressed thus requiring use of the more powerful methods of the
Laplace transform, and a study of transfer function loci and equations in
the complex domain. Modern techniques are employed; extensive reading in
the literature is expected of each student. There is one full-day laboratory
per week, in addition to the seminar.
MACHINERY.
An intensive study of the basic aspects shared in common by transformers
and rotating electrical machinery. A further study of the operating character
istics and the engineering application of electrical machines as specific direct
current and alternating current devices. There is one full-day laboratory per
week, in addition to the seminar.
Mechanical Engineering
Associate Professor: W illiam E . R easer, Chairman
Assistant Professors: B ernard M orrill
W illiam E . W ood
I nstructor: T homas E . Sweeney , J r . (part time)
L ecturer: George T. H ammershaimb
The curriculum in Mechanical Engineering is planned to develop an individual
through scientific training for positions in manufacturing industries, with organi
zations engaged in power production, and in the field of transportation. Based
upon the fundamental sciences of physics, chemistry, and mathematics, the
program aims to provide an adequate background for the solution of mechanical
problems dealing with the design, construction, and operation of the machinery
of modem industry. In addition, the arrangement of studies is intended to prepare
an engineer for the eventual assumption of managerial responsibilities.
Coincident with the need for a broad technical training, the Mechanical
Engineer must be fully conscious of the effects of his efforts on the society of
which he is a part. To promote such an awareness, provision is made for elective
courses. The undergraduate is encouraged to pursue work in the Humanities as a
means to this end.
Standard Program
for
C ourse Students
Junior Year
Secon d Sem ester
First Sem ester
ME51
EE51
CE51
ME61
M E54 Fluid Mechanics
E E 53 A. C. Apparatus & Circuits
M E52 Heat Power
Elective
Thermodynamics II
D. C. Apparatus
Mechanics of Materials & Lab
Applied Mechanics
95
Senior Year
M E53 Heat Engineering
ME62 Adv. Strength of Materials
M E63 Kinematics and Design
Elective
M E64 Engineering Design
M E55 Adv. Fluids and Heat Transfer
GE51 Industrial Management
Elective
ME11 THERMODYNAMICS I. Mr. Reaser, Mr. Morrill.
Energy and first law of thermodynamics; application of general energy
equation to steady-flow and non-flow processes; properties of liquids; vapors,
gases, mixtures; reversible cycles; second law of thermodynamics; entropy.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: Integral Calculus.
ME51 THERMODYNAMICS H. Mr. Reaser, Mr. Morrill.
Continuation of M E11: comprehensive analysis of steam power plant cycles;
external and internal combustion engines; real gases; flow of elastic fluids
through nozzles and orifices; combustion; refrigeration; compression of gases.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: M E11 Thermodynamics.
ME52 HEAT POW ER. Mr. Reaser, Mr. Hammershaimb.
A critical study of modem power plants with emphasis upon design and
fabrication problems relating to fuel firing equipment, furnaces, boilers, airpreheaters, economizers; auxiliary equipment such as pumps, compressors,
deaerating heaters, condensers; significance of various plant cycles in their
relation to station heat balance. Class and laboratory investigations extended
by field trips.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: ME11 Thermodynamics.
1 M E53 HEAT ENGINEERING. Mr. Hammershaimb.
Continuation of M E52; thermodynamic and mechanical features of both
spark ignition and compression ignition internal combustion engines; com
bustion of liquid and gaseous fuels; gas turbine processes; air conditioning
and refrigeration equipment. Class and laboratory work supplemented by
field trips.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: ME51 Thermodynamics, M E52 Heat Power.
M E54 FL U ID MECHANICS. Mr. Wood.
An introductory course in fluid statics; kinematics; equation of continuity;
steady flow energy and momentum; dynamics of an ideal fluid; dimensional
analysis and similitude; incompressible flow in closed conduits and com
pressibility phenomena.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisites: Integral Calculus, ME 11 Thermodynamics.
96
Trotter Hall (a Classroom Building).
I ff
M E55 ADVANCED F L U ID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER. Mr. Wood.
Theory of fluid mechanics in turbines, pumps, fans, jets, fluid couplings;
fundamental principles of heat transfer by conduction, free and forced
convection, radiation; parallel and counternow heat exchangers; insulated
pipes and related equipment; relation to practical engineering problems.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: M E54 Fluid Mechanics.
ME61 APPLIED MECHANICS. Mr. Wood.
The development of fundamental concepts in problems dealing with mechan
ical vibrations; Euler’s equation; theories of failure; metallurgical problems
in design; use of statistical analysis and theory of probability for solving
engineering problems.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: Integral Calculus.
M E62 ADVANCED STRENGTH O F MATERIALS. Mr. Wood.
Review of stress and strain; torsion; bending; beams on elastic foundations;
thick cylinders; failure of metals under stress; plastic flow; influence of
stress concentration and working stresses.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: M E61 Applied Mechanics.
M E63 KINEMATICS AND DESIGN. Mr. Morrill.
A study of the complex motions and velocities of machine linkwork and
gearing; design of cams, screws, fastenings, belts, straight and curved frames,
gears and shafting.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: ME61 Applied Mechanics.
M E64 ENGINEERIN G DESIGN. Mr. Morrill.
Design of elements under rotational stress; various classifications of fits;
vibration analysis leading to isolation and engine balancing; lubrication and
bearing design; design of machine assemblies.
Three class periods per week; one three-hour laboratory each week.
Prerequisite: M E63 Kinematics and Design.
M E65 MECHANICAL EN GIN EERIN G TH ESIS. Staff.
With ■departmental approval, an undergraduate may undertake a thesis
project as a portion o f the program in the senior year.
97
English Literature
Professors: Philip M arshall H icks, Chairm an *
E verett L. Hunt
T ownsend Scudder, 3rd* 0
Associate Professors: George J. B ecker
E lizabeth C ox W right* *
Assistant Professors: B ruce D earing
F redric S. Klees
Stephen E . W hicher
I nstructors: D avid C owden
S amuel L. Hynes
B arbara Pearson L ange (part-time)
This department might more properly be called the Department of Literature in
English, since it offers a study both of literature originally written in the English
language and of works translated from other tongues. Literature is considered
as a fine art, as a cultural record, and as a guide to the student’s interpreta
tion of his own experience in life. The program of courses and seminars comprises
four approaches to the subject: the intensive study of the work of major writers,
examination of the literature produced in certain limited periods, the historical
development of the major literary types, and the grouping of various types or
forms on the basis of their subject matter or point of view. The general purposes
of this study are the broadening of the student’s understanding and enjoyment
of literature, the development of a basis for intelligent criticism, and the provision
of a foundation for further study in the field. Stress is also laid upon accurate
reading and writing through critical explication of texts and criticism of student
papers. *
R equirements
for
M ajors
and
M inors
in
C ourse
M ajor: The work of the major in this department in course normally consists
of at least four full courses in the department, including Modem Literature in the
first year, either Chaucer or Milton in the second year, a full course or two
half courses in one of the types (numbers 21-28 below) in the third year, and
Shakespeare and the Senior Conference in the final year. The comprehensive
examination at the close of the senior year is based on this work, but also includes
questions on other coruses offered by the department for those prepared in these
fields. A reading list in English and American literature is given to all majors to
act as a guide in the selection of courses and to independent reading in prepara
* Absent on leave, second semester, 1949-50.
00 Absent on leave, 1949-50.
98
tion for the Senior Conference. Majors are expected to take a semester’s work in
either Fine Arts or Music and are advised to take a semester’s work in some
foreign literature. Students expecting to do graduate work should acquire a read
ing knowledge in the languages required by the schools they propose to attend.
Minor: The work of the minor in course normally consists of three full courses
elected with the approval of the major department, including Modem Literature.
C ourses
1. MODERN LITERA TU RE: Introduction to Literary Study. Staff.
An introduction to the critical study of the four principal types of literature:
poetry, drama, novel, and non-fictional prose. The materials are drawn chiefly
from modern American literature for the purpose of emphasizing the rela
tionship of literature to life through the study of works produced from
backgrounds familiar to the student in terms of his own experience. Required
of all freshmen.
5. COMPOSITION.
Training in the writing of non-fictional prose. Designed to meet the require
ments of Engineering and Pre-Medical students. Other students admitted on
the basis of need for this work.
11. M ILTON AND TH E 17TH CENTURY. Mr. Hunt and Mrs. Wright.
Paradise Lost, selections from Milton’s shorter poems, T h e Old Testament,
Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, and the lyrics of John Donne are read. Study is
made of narrative, epic, and lyric writing, and the relationship of the litera
ture to the thought of the period.
12. CHAUCER. Mr. Klees and Mr. Scudder.
Reading of Troilus an d Criseyde, T h e Canterbury T ales and some of the
minor poems in the original Middle English, with greater attention to the
literary than to the linguistic aspects.
21, 22. POETRY. Mrs. Wright and Mr. Dearing.
A survey of English poetry from its beginnings, with a study of the principles
of poetic criticism and a detailed examination of the work of two or three,
poets. The first semester may stand alone, but new students are not admitted
in the middle of the year.
23, 24. TH E NOVEL. Mr. Hicks and Mr. Cowden.
The first semester covers the development of the English novel from Fielding
to Trollope with emphasis on the chronicle form prevalent during this
period. In contrast, the second semester emphasizes developments in tech
nique and content from Meredith to the present day. Credit given for either
semester, but students desiring both should take them in the regular sequence.
25. COMEDY. Mr. Klees.
Dramatic comedy in its various forms, English and American, with particular
attention to the Elizabethan, Restoration, and modem periods.
99
26. TRAGEDY. Mr. Klees.
Dramatic tragedy from the Agam em m non trilogy to D eath o f a Salesman,
with emphasis on Elizabethan and modem American tragedy.
27. BIOGRAPHY AND TRAVEL. Mr. Klees.
Biography from Pepys to the present, with stress on the times as well as
the lives; representative travel literature from Hakluyt to Dos Passos.
28. SOCIAL CRITICISM . Mr. Becker.
The reactions of such major figures as Carlyle, Mill, Henry Adams, Bellamy
and Morris to the changed conditions of life after the Industrial Revolution.
An attempt is made both to analyze the social comment or protest in
individual works and to explore the part that social forces play in modem
literature.
31-32. AMERICAN AUTHORS. Mr. Whicher.
Interpretation and comparison of some major writings by significant American
authors. Texts include Franklin, A utobiography; Hawthorne, T h e Scarlet
L etter; Thoreau, W ald en ; Melville, M oby D ick; Twain, H u ckleberry Finn;
Adams, Education, which should be read in advance of the course. A year
course, not ordinarily divisible.
33, 34. SATIRE. Mr. Dearing.
An historically oriented consideration of some of the principal satires in
world literature, with emphasis upon interpretation and evaluation as litera
ture. Fall semester: representative satires from Horace and Juvenal through
Voltaire and Swift. Spring semester: representative satires from Byron and
Peacock through France and Huxley.
35. REALISM . Mr. Becker.
A study of realism as a literary movement. Beginning with M adam e Bovary,
the course traces the development of realistic techniques and concepts in
Zola, in the Russians, and in American writers such as Norris, Dreiser, and
FarrelL
41. ELIZABETHAN LITERA TU RE. Mr. Klees.
Comprehensive study of the literature of the period, exclusive of the work
of Shakespeare.
42. SHAKESPEARE. Mr. Klees.
A study of the major plays. Not open to majors in this department.
49. ARGUMENT. Mr. Becker.
The analysis and orderly presentation of large bodies of material in speech
and writing. The work comprises a series of short analytical papers, a
research paper of some magnitude (usually correlated with the work of
another course) and a series of argumentative speeches. Admission only
with consent of the instructor.
100
190600
51-52. SHAKESPEARE. Stag.
A study of the complete works of Shakespeare, tracing the development of
his craftsmanship and ideas. For majors in this department only; normally
offered in seminar form in the first semester of the senior year.
54. SENIOR CO NFERENCE. Staff.
Group meetings of departmental majors held in the second semester of the
senior year for the purpose of reviewing, integrating, and supplementing
the student’s course program.
56. LITERA RY CRITICISM . Mr. Hunt.
The theories and doctrines of English literary criticism and their background.
G REEK LITERA TU RE IN EN GLISH (Greek 3 6 ). Miss North.
W riting and Speaking: Students in need of training in Composition may be
required to take tutorial work or to complete Course 5 before entering the
junior year.
Instruction in Public Speaking is given weekly, by Mrs. Lange, in a non-credit
course. Students are asked to prepare and deliver formal and informal speeches,
introductions, presentations, and to partake in roundtable discussions. Frequent
recordings of each student are made to aid in self-criticism.
Extra-curricular student groups for practice in creative writing, acting, and
debating meet with members of the departmental faculty.
H onors W ork
Prerequisites: The course requirements for a major in honors are the same as
for a major in course, Modem Literature and either Chaucer or Milton. The
election of an additional course in the sophomore year is advised when the
schedule permits it, and The History of England is also recommended.
For admission with a minor in this department, the requirement is One year of
work, including Modem Literature.
Program: Majors in honors must take four seminars in the department, includ
ing Shakespeare and one of the types seminars from Group II. Minors in honors
may enroll in any two or three of the seminars offered as may seem best suited
to the purposes of their whole program.
Seminars: The following seminars prepare for examinations for a degree with
Honors.
G roup I
SHAKESPEARE. Mr. Dearing, Mr. Hicks and Mr. Whicher.
Both Sem esters
A study of the mind and art of Shakespeare as dramatist and poet. The
emphasis is on the major plays, with a more rapid reading of the remainder
of his work. Students are advised to read through the whole of the plays
before entering the seminar.
M ILTON AND TH E 17TH CENTURY. Mr. Hunt.
Milton, Donne, and the poetry of the Bible.
CHAUCER. Mr. Klees and Mr. Scudder.
A study of Chaucer’s poetry and age.
101
F all Sem ester
Spring Sem ester
G roup II
POETRY. Mrs. Wright and Mr. Dearing.
Spring Sem ester
Chiefly Victorian poetry. The basic elements of poetic expression, thought,
imagery, and sound are studied separately, and then brought together m
the investigation of four long poems.
DRAMA. Mr. Hicks.
Spring Sem ester
Survey of the development of the drama in England and America following
a preliminary study of classic drama.
NOVEL. Mrs. Wright.
F all Sem ester
Chiefly 19th century. Principles ofaesthetics applied to the novel form are
developed from the study of selected novels outside the Victorian tradition.
LITERA RY CRITICISM . Mr. Hunt.
Spring Sem ester
English literary criticism from Sidney to Pater, with some study of classical
backgrounds and contemporary developments.
Group II I
COMPARATIVE LITERA TU RE. Mr.Becker.
F all Sem ester
Using the realistic movement as a starting point, this seminar considers some
of the major themes and philosophic attitudes embodied in recent literature.
The chief figures studied are Flaubert and Zola; Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, and
Chekhov; and Mann, Joyce, and Kafka.
SOCIAL CRITICISM . Mr. Becker.
SpringSem ester
The development of social criticism as a major constituent of American
literature from Jefferson and Paine to the present.
TH E ENGLISH AUGUSTANS. Mr. Dearing.
Spring Sem ester
A study of ideas and forms in the works of Dryden, Pope, Swift, and Johnson.
The intent is primarily to evaluate the literary achievement of four major
authors, and to relate them on the one hand to the literature of Greece and
Rome, and on the other to philosophical and literary currents of the
Eighteenth Century.
AMERICAN LITERA TU RE. Mr. Whicher.
A study of the major writers in this field.
F a ll Sem ester
PROBLEM S O F LITERA RY STUDY. Mrs. Wright.
F all Sem ester
This seminar gives training in bibliography, selection of problems for critical
writing, and leads to the presentation of a thesis. Students read and criticise
each other’s work at intervals and confer individually with the instructor.
Students who wish to write theses not properly within the scope of this
seminar may apply to the Chairman of the Department for permission to sub
stitute such projects for the fourth seminar of work in the major field.
LIN GUISTIC SCIEN CE. Mr. Reuning. (German.)
Admitted as a seminar in English for majors who concentrate on English or
American language problems; may also be considered as a minor for students
majoring in the department.
102
Fine Arts
Associate P rofessor: R oeert M. W alker, Chairman
I nstructors: Hedley H. R hys
E thel Stilz (part-time)
The aim of the Department is to study the historical-cultural significance and
aesthetic value of architecture, sculpture, painting and graphic art (prints and
drawings). Methods and problems of criticism are considered: observation,
analysis, interpretation and evaluation. Instruction is given by means of original
works of art as well as by the usual visual aids. Field trips are made to public
and private collections in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington
and to significant examples in those areas.
Since it is the objective of the Department to foster an intelligent comprehen
sion of the visual arts rather than to train professional artists, no courses^ in
drawing, painting and sculpture are offered for credit. However, instruction
in such work is available under the extracurricular Arts and Crafts Program.
Requirements
and
R ecommendations
Prerequisites: Majors and minors in course and honors must take the full year
course Fine Arts 1-2. For other students the prerequisite for all advanced courses
is one semester of Fine Arts 1-2 only (i. e., Fine Arts 1 or Fine Arts 2 ).
S equ en ce o f Courses: Whenever possible, majors and minors will take advanced
courses in their numerical order. For other students advanced courses need not
be taken in numerical sequence.
Majors and Minors in C ourse: The program of a major consists of at least
eight half courses (including Fine Arts 1-2) in the Department. The courses
supporting this program depend on the needs of the individual student and may
be found in both the Division of the Humanities and the Division of the Social
Sciences.
Majors and Minors in Honors: Majors in honors take four seminars in the
Department. In special cases the seminar in Aesthetics may be substituted for
one in. Fine Arts. A minor in honors usually consists of two seminars. The
seminars offered in any one semester vary according to the requirements of the
students and the convenience of the Department.
Language R equirem ents fo r G raduate Schools: Students are advised that
graduate work in Fine Arts usually demands a knowledge of French or German.
C ourses
1-2. INTRODUCTION TO ART HISTORY. Mr. Rhys and Mr. Walker.
Full Course
F in e Arts 1 ( first sem ester). Consideration is given in the first four weeks
to the basic problems of the nature of the work of art, the factors of influ
ence upon its conception, formation and development ( geographic, social,
103
economic, etc.), the principles of value Judgments, and methods of analysis.
A limited number of representative examples of architecture, sculpture, and
painting are studied within the historical context of the civilizations and
cultural epochs which produced them: Ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome and
Medieval France.
F in e Arts 2 ( secon d sem ester). European and
sculpture and painting from the fifteenth century
studied from the same points of view and with the
first semester.
Three hours of lectures a week and one bi-weekly
11
American architecture,
to the present day are
same methods as in the
conference hour.
DESIGN IN DRAWING AND PAINTING. Mr. Rhys.
H alf Course, Secon d Sem ester
T he'basic elements of design and their function in drawing and painting.
Types of harmony, sequence and balance such as linear, tonal and spacial.
The methods of design and representation that characterize the various
historical styles. Practical exercises required demand no special technical
aptitude, since the purpose of the course is to develop a critical understanding of drawing ana painting and not technical skill.
12. ANCIENT ART. Mr. Walker.
H 'S f Course, First Sem ester
The development of the forms of architecture, sculpture and painting as
expressing the various cultural patterns of ancient civilizations: Egypt, Iran,
Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome.
13. M ED IEVA L ART. Mr. Walker.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
A study of the relationship between art and society in Europe and the Near
East from the fourth through the fourteenth centuries. The ideas and insti
tutions which were instrumental in shaping Christian art during its formative
stages of development. Special emphasis is placed on the Romanesque and
Gothic periods in France: the abbey and the cathedral.
H alf Course
14. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE ART. Mr. Rhys.
A study of certain aspects of the Renaissance in Italy as expressed in archi
tecture, sculpture and painting. Emphasis is placed on such great masters
as Donatello, Masaccio, Alberti, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo
and Titian.
15
RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE PAINTING O F W ESTERN EUROPE.
Mr. Walker.
Half Course
Developments in painting and drawing during the fifteenth, sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries in France, the Netherlands, Germany and Spam
through the study of individual artists such as the Van Eycks, Roger van
der Weyden, Jean Fouquet, Dürer, Gruenewald, Holbein, E l Greco, Rubens,
Rembrandt, Vermeer, Poussin and Velasquez.
16. MODERN PAINTING. Mr. Rhys.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
Important stylistic developments in European painting from the French
Revolution to 1939: the meanings of the various movements and then
relationship to changing social and political attitudes.
104
17. AMERICAN ART. Mr. Rhys.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
Architecture, sculpture and painting in North America from the Colonial
Period to the present day, their connection with European art and their
significance as a reflection of American culture.
18. MODERN BUILDIN G. Mr. Walker.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
An introduction to the nature of architecture and the function of the
architect through a study of developments in European and American
building during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The specific
influence of economic, technological and social changes upon design and
structure. Emphasis placed on the study of original examples in the Phila
delphia area and on the work of such men as Sullivan, Wright, Lescaze,
Mies van der Rohe, Gropius and Le Corbusier.
The prerequisite of Fine Arts 1-2 is waived for students in Engineering.
19. THEORY O F DESIGN IN DECORATION. Miss Stilz.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
The principles of design and color and their application to the planning
and furnishing of the interior of the house. Practical exercises and the
study of selected examples of European and American architecture.
H onors Seminars
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE PAINTING. Mr. Rhys.
A study and analysis of painting in Italy from Giotto to Titian: the decisive
contributions of the outstanding masters to its stylistic development and
its relationship to the Renaissance movement as a whole.
RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE PAINTING OF W ESTERN EUROPE.
Mr. Walker.
Developments in painting and drawing during the fifteenth, sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries in France, the Netherlands, Germany and Spain
through the study of individual masters such as the Van Eycks, Roger van
der Weyden, Jean Fouquet, Albrecht Dürer, Gruenewald, Holbein, El
Greco, Rubens, Rembrandt, Vermeer, Poussin and Velasquez.
MODERN PAINTING. Mr. Rhys.
Important stylistic developments in European painting from the French
Revolution to 1939: the meanings of the various movements and their
relationship to changing social and political attitudes.
MASTER PRINT MAKERS. Mr. Walker.
A consideration of certain problems in the history of the graphic arts. A
study of the significance of the work of such men as Schongauer, Durer,
Rembrandt, Goya, Daumier, Munch and Rouault for the development of
expression in the media of the woodcut, engraving, etching, acquatint and
lithography. Students work almost exclusively with original material in the
Print Room of the Philadelphia Museum and the Lessing J. Rosenwald
Collection in Jenkintown.
105
German Language and Literature
Assistant Professors: L ydia B aer, Chairman
Hilde D. C ohn
Karl R euning
Through its elementary courses the German Department attempts to serve,
on a college level, those students who wish to build a foundation in the language,
as well as those who are forced into the study by a college or departmental
requirement. Beyond the first two years, the objectives are broadly cultural, with
particular stress on the integration of German language, literature, and philology
into the great body of other humanistic cultures. As far as possible, German
is the language of the classroom in all advanced courses and seminars.
R equirements
for
M ajors
and
Minors
German may be offered as major or minor in course or in honors work.
Prerequisites and recommended supporting subjects are the same for both course
and honors students. By special arrangement, qualified students who begin
German in college are enabled to choose German as a major or minor subject in
their junior and senior years. Such competent students may in the sophomore
year, by special reading, take Course 6-7, which is required of all majors and
minors within the first two years.
Recommended as supporting subjects for major and minor students during
the first two years: an advanced course in German literature; Shakespeare;
Modern Philosophy; Psychology; Fine Arts; courses in other literatures.
1-2. ELEM EN TARY GERMAN. Members of the department.
Full Course
For students who begin German in college. Equivalent of two years’ secon
dary school preparation. Fundamentals of German and simpler texts such
as Appelt and Funke: M od em G erm an Prose.
3. IN TERM EDIA TE GERMAN. Members of the department.
H alf Course
Prerequisite: German 1-2 or two years’ secondary school preparation. Review
grammar and texts of average difficulty such as Hill: D rei N obelpreisträger.
4. IN TERM ED IA TE GERMAN. Miss Baer and Miss Cohn.
H alf Course
Fulfills the college requirement for all students who wish to learn reading
through the medium of literary and cultural material, of the type W erfel:
Jacobow sky und d er O berst; Fleissner and Fleissner: D ie Kunst d er Prosa;
Goethe: Urfaust; Bruns: A B ook o f Germ an Lyrics.
Prerequisite: German 3 or equivalent.
5. SC IE N T IFIC GERMAN. Miss Cohn and Mr. Reuning.
H alf Course
Fulfills the college requirement for students who are interested only in
reading German scientific prose. Edited science selections followed by
unedited material taken from the various scientific fields of the members of
the class.
Prerequisite: German 3 or equivalent.
106
6-7. INTRODUCTION TO GERMAN LITERA TU RE. Mr. Reuning. Full Course
Either half or both may be taken for credit. Prerequisite for majors and
minors. A study of representative German authors from the classical period
to the present; reading and discussion of dramas, stories, and lyric poems.
Writing of critical reports.
Prerequisite: Course 3-4 or equivalent.
8. W RITIN G AND SPEAKING GERMAN. Mr. Reuning.
H alf Course
Composition and conversation. Introduction to V olkskunde: the social and
cultural backgrounds of modern Germany.
Prerequisite: Course 3-4 or equivalent.
11. D IE D EUTSCH E ROMANTIK. Miss Baer.
H alf Course
An introductory study of the romantic movement in Germany, with illus
trative readings from representative authors such as Novalis, Tieck, Arnim,
Brentano, Eichendorff. Lectures, discussion, papers in German.
Prerequisite: Course 6-7 or equivalent.
12. POETISCH ER REALISM US. Miss Baer.
H alf Course
Selected studies from the dramas of Grillparzer, Hebbel, Otto Ludwig, and
from the works of the great prose writers of the second half of the nine
teenth century. Conducted in German. Discussion, papers.
Prerequisite: Course 6-7 or equivalent.
13-14. GOETHE. Miss Baer.
Full Course
A study of Goethe’s life and works. The first semester is occupied with a
consideration of the period up to the Italian Journey; the second semester
with Goethe’s maturity and old age, including Faust I and II. Conducted
in German; lectures, discussion, papers. Open to all students who read and
speak German fluently.
15. SCH ILLER. Miss Baer.
H alf Course
The classical age of Schiller, as reflected in his dramas and in his essays
on aesthetic questions. Conducted in German; discussion and papers. Open
to all students who read and speak German fluently.
16. MODERNE DEUTSCH E LITERA TUR. Miss Baer.
H alf Course
A study of four or five leading German writers of the twentieth century,
including Thomas Mann, Gerhart Hauptmann, Rainer Maria Rilke. Lectures,
discussion, papers.
Prerequisite: Course 6-7 or equivalent.
17-18. GERMAN AUTHORS IN TRANSLATION. Members of the department.
F u ll Course
Lectures in English; discussion; frequent book reports in English by students.
Open to all students.
19. CREATIVE W RITIN G. Mr. Reuning.
H alf Course
An advanced course. Intensive practice in writing and speaking German.
The subject matter is taken from German literature and Kulturgeschichte,
and students are encouraged to exercise their own initiative.
107
H onoks W o rk
The following seminars prepare for examinations for a degree with Honors.
Those actually given in any year vary according to the choices of the students
and the convenience of the department.
M ID D LE HIGH GERMAN LITER A TU R E AND PHILOLOGY. Mr. Reuning.
Introduction into Indo-European and Germanic philology and phonetics.
Outline of development of the German language. Middle High German
grammar. Brief survey of Old and Middle High German literature. Reading
of MHG texts in the original, especially N ibelungenlied, Wolfram’s Parzival,
and Walther von der Vogelweide.
THE AGE O F LU TH ER. Mr. Reuning.
Study of literary, historical, sociological and religious problems of the
sixteenth century. Reading of outstanding authors of the period, such as
Luther, Hans Sachs, Brant, Hutten, Fischart. A course or seminar in History
of the Reformation is recommended as preparation for this seminar.
DEUTSCHES BAROCK und AUFKLAERUNG. Miss Baer.
A study of German literature in the seventeenth and early eighteenth cen
turies. The reforms of Opitz, the lyric poetry of the period, the mysticism of
Angelus Silesius and Jakob Bohme, the plays of Gryphius, and the prose of
Grimmelshausen; a study of Lessing in his most important dramas and
critical writing.
GOETHE. Miss Baer.
Goethe’s life and work in the classical age of German literature, in its
chief phases.
D IE D EUTSCH E ROMANTIK. Miss Baer.
Romanticism as the dominant movement in German literature of the first
half of the nineteenth century.
POETISCH ER REALISM US. Miss Baer.
Studies in the works of Grillparzer, Hebbel, Ludwig, Keller, Meyer, and
Storm, and other writers of the drama, novel, and “Novelle” in the second
half of the nineteenth century.
DEUTSCH E LITERA TU R S E IT 1900. Miss Baer.
The chief writers of “Neuromantik” and impressionism: Gerhart Haupt
mann’s dramas; Thomas Mann’s epic prose; Rainer Maria Rilke’s poetry;
Hugo von Hofmannsthal’s lyric prose and poetry.
LIN GUISTIC SCIEN CE. (In cooperation with other departments in the Division
of the Humanities.) Mr. Reuning.
The most important problems of Linguistics, e.g., sound change, changes
in accidence and syntax, semantic changes, geographical distribution and
relation of languages. Indo-European, English, and American language prob
lems. Relationship between linguistics and psychology. Some knowledge of
German, French, Latin, or Greek is desirable, reading knowledge of at
least one foreign language required. Students who know non-Indo-European
languages are especially welcome. The seminar is conducted in English.
(See also schedules of Honors Seminars in English and Psychology.)
108
History
Professors: M ary Albertson, Chairman
F rederick J. M anning*
Associate P rofessor: George P. C uttino
Assistant Professors: Paul H. B eik
J ames A . F ield, J r .
L aurence D. L afore
F rederick B. T olles
T heodore H. von L aue
I nstructor: Grace H. L arsen (part-tim e)
The department plans its offerings for majors in the other departments as
well as for its own majors. Students with special interests will note that there
are a few courses emphasizing, for instance, intellectual history and economic
history, but in most of the courses and all of the seminars the emphasis is on the
whole context of the event.
L anguages
Languages which are most useful to students of history and which are required
by most graduate schools are French and German. Beginning with the class
entering in 1951 the language requirement for a major in history will be French
or German. This requirement may be met by three years study of one of these
languages before entering college, or two years at the college level either at
Swarthmore or in summer school and it may be met at any time before graduation.
R equirements
for a
M ajor
in
History
The minimum requirement for acceptance as a major in history is successful
completion of course 1-2 and a C average in the first two years in all subjects.
Any freshman or sophomore who wishes to keep open the possibility of a major
in history should ask a member of the department for advice on courses.
C ourse W ork
for a
M ajor
The choice of courses in history should be made in such a way as to prepare
for the comprehensive examination, which includes questions in European, Eng
lish, and American history. Usually the first electives taken in history by majors
should be one term of American history ( 4 or 5 ) and one term of English history
( 3 ) . All the other courses offered are also in the fields tested by the compre
hensive examination. Course 65 (Special Topics) is designed to help major
students in their preparation for this examination. All major students should
elect this course. The following minors are suggested in connection with a major
* Absent on leave, 1949-50.
109
in history: (1 ) a departmental minor (three full courses or six half courses in
a single department), or (2 ) a minor in literature (for instance, a combination
of courses in English and French or French and German, chosen in consultation
with the major department), or ( 3 ) a minor in American studies (for instance,
a combination of certain courses in Fine Arts and American literature or Latin
American literature or in Political Science and Economics, chosen in consultation
with the major department).
COUKSES
1-2. EUROPE. All members of the Department.
Full Course
One of the basic courses in the curriculum. It is intended to be an intro
duction to the study, understanding, and use of history. It is a prerequisite
to all other work in history except courses 21 and 30. It begins with a brief
discussion of the classical backgrounds of European civilization and ends
with a brief discussion of post-war Europe. Sections are small enough for
discussion.
3. ENGLAND. Miss Albertson.
H alf Course
A survey of the history of the English people. For sophomores, juniors, and
seniors. This course is planned for a five-course program.
4. TH E UN ITED STATES B EFO R E 1865. Mr. Field and Mr. Tolies.
H alf Course
An advanced course on American history. Special help with the writing of
long papers is given in connection with this course. For sophomores, juniors,
ana seniors.' This course is planned for a five-course program.
5. TH E UN ITED STATES SINCE 1865. Mr. Field.
H alf Course
An advanced course on American history. For sophomores, juniors and
seniors. This course is planned for a five-course program.
11. TH E OTHER AMERICAN REPU BLICS. Mr. Lafore.
H alf Course
The emphasis is on Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina. For sophomores, juniors,
and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite by special permission of
the instructor. This is recommended for majors in Spanish as well as for
majors in history and as a general elective.
12. FRANCE. Miss Albertson.
H alf Course
The history of France from Roman times to the present day. For sophomores,
juniors, and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite by special per
mission of the instructor. This is recommended for majors in French as well
as for majors in history and as a general elective.
14. RUSSIA. Mr. von Laue.
H alf Course
The history of modem Russia. For sophomores, juniors, and seniors. The
course begins with the reign of Peter and gives half its time to the period
since the Revolution.
110
20. H EG EL AND MARX. Mr. von Laue.
H alf Course
The historical influence of Hegel and Marx from their own day to the
present. The emphasis is on the relation between institutions and ideas. For
sophomores, juniors, and seniors.
21. QUAKERISM. Mr. Tolies.
H alf Course
The history of the Society of Friends to the present day. The characteristic
religious and social ideas of the Quakers are considered in their historical
setting. A large part of the reading is done in the original sources. For
sophomores, juniors, and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite.
30. RECEN T HISTORICAL TREN DS. Mr. Beik and Mr. Lafore.
H alf Course
A course designed for students who do not'intend to take more than one
half course in history. It cannot be substituted for the college requirement
in history ( course 1-2) and is not open to majors in the social sciences and
humanities.
51. TH E W ESTW ARD MOVEMENT- Mr. Field.
H alf Course
European colonization, the struggle for North America, westward expansion,
sectional development, problems of growth and integration of newly settled
regions. For juniors and seniors.
52. MODERN BRITAIN. Mr. Lafore.
H alf Course
Social thought and institutions from 1688 to 1945. Much of the reading will
be in fiction and biography. For juniors and seniors.
53. TH E FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON. Mr. Beik. H alf Course
The emphasis is on the relation between institutions and ideas. For juniors
and seniors.
54. M EDIEVAL EUROPE. Mr. Cuttino.
H alf Course
The history of western Europe from the decline of the Roman Empire
through the thirteenth century. For juniors and seniors.
55. TH E RENAISSANCE. Miss Albertson.
H alf Course
The history of the period of the Renaissance in Europe. For juniors and
seniors.
13.
GERMANY. Mr. von Laue.
H alf Course
The history of modern Germany from the Napoleonic era to the present.
For sophomores, juniors, and seniors. This is recommended for majors in
German as well as for majors in history and as a general elective.
Ill
56. TH E LABOR MOVEMENT. Mrs. Larsen.
H alf Course
The social background and the economic, political, and legal problems of
American labor, considered in connection with the European and English
labor movements. For juniors and seniors.
57. REC EN T EUROPE. Mr. Beik.
H alf Course
The emphasis is on factors of general importance chiefly in western Europe
in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For juniors and seniors.
65. SPECIAL TOPICS. All members of the Department.
H alf Course
Individual programs are planned to prepare majors in history for the compre
hensive examinations. The discussion of review problems, of papers, and of
reading is conducted in groups and in individual conferences with the
instructor.
66. SENIOR ESSAY. All members of the Department.
H alf Course
An essay may be substituted for a half course by special permission of the
department. It must be finished by the middle of the senior year.
H onors W ork
The following seminars are offered by the department to juniors and seniors
to prepare for the examinations for a degree with Honors. Students who plan
to take honors seminars in history, whether as majors or minors, are advised
to decide as early as possible whether their seminars will be in American,
English, or European history so that they can meet prerequisite requirements for
specific seminars. Any seminar will be given during the term for which more than
four students elect it at the time of Spring registration. Seminars can not usually
be arranged later than the time of registration.
Honors Seminars
Am erican History
AMERICAN COLONIAL HISTORY. Mr. Tolies.
The history of the thirteen colonies. The emphasis is on cultural, social, and
institutional history.
PROBLEM S IN AMERICAN HISTORY. Mr. Field and Mr. Manning.
Selected topics in the history of the United States. Open only to student;
who have taken either course 4 or course 5.
TH E SUPREM E COURT. Mr. Manning.
For seniors. The emphasis is on common law cases and principles. The work
in this seminar is not designed to anticipate or overlap the courses in con
stitutional law offered in law schools.
112
English History
M EDIEVAL ENGLAND. Miss Albertson.
The period from 1066 to 1485.
TUDOR AND STUART ENGLAND. Miss Albertson.
The period from 1485 to 1688. Open only to students who have taken
course 3.
MODERN ENGLAND. Mr. Lafore.
The period from 1688 to 1914, with most of the emphasis on the nineteenth
century. Open only to students who have taken course 3.
European History
M EDIEVAL EUROPE. Mr. Cuttino.
The civilization of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
FIFT E E N T H AND SIX TEEN TH CENTURY EUROPE. Miss Albertson.
The period of the Renaissance and Reformation.
EUROPE 1760 TO 1870. Mr. Beik.
The decay of the old regime and the rise of liberalism.
EUROPE 1870 TO 1939: MODERN EUROPE. Mr. Beik and Mr. Lafore.
Social and political changes which preceded the second world war.
EURO PE 1870 TO 1939: DIPLOMATIC HISTORY. Mr. Lafore.
The management of international affairs and problems.
EUROPE 1900 TO TH E PR ESEN T: EASTERN EUROPE. Mr. von Laue.
The internal development of Russia and Russia’s cultural and political
position in eastern Europe.
r
T h e s is
A thesis may be substituted for one of the honors examinations by special
permission of the department. The topic should be selected and approved bv
the end of the junior year.
rr
'
113
M athematics and Astronomy
Professors: Heinrich B rinkmann
Arnold D resden, Chairman
Peter van de Kamp , Director of Sproni Observatory99
Ross W . M arriott
Associate Professor: J ohn H. Pitman
Assistant Professors: Philip W. C arruth
W olfgang W asow*
V isiting Assistant Professor: Alice T. Schafer (part-tim e)
R esearch Associates: L. B innendijk
Hans R oth
Assistants: Sarah L. L ippincott
Sara M. S mith
Mathematics
Pure mathematics is an abstract subject and may be looked upon as the model
of a deductive science. On the other hand, the subject matter of mathematics has
for the most part arisen out of concrete applications to the physical sciences, of
which geometry is one. The courses offered in the department of Mathematics
attempt to combine these points of view and to give a picture of the power and
beauty of the subject when studied for its own sake, as well as its many relations
to other fields of thought. The study of mathematics is essential as a tool tor the
understanding of the principles of the physical sciences and engineering; a knowl
edge of its techniques is indispensable for a successful pursuit of these subjects.
The same is becoming increasingly true in the biological sciences and even in
some of the social sciences, such as economics.
For students who intend to major in mathematics in course, the normal
sequence of courses is the following: Freshman year, courses 1-2; Sophomore year,
courses 11-12; junior and Senior years, two half-courses selected each year from
courses 14, 15, 19, 51, 52, 53. The completion of Physics 1-2 is strongly
recommended.
In order to be admitted to honors seminars in mathematics, either as a major
or as a minor, a student must have completed courses 1-2 and 11A2. An honors
student whose major is mathematics must also take Physics 1-2; it is furthermore
highly desirable that he have a reading knowledge of French or German. A
junior honors student will normally take the seminars in Advanced Calculus and
Differential Equations; these seminars are offered each year. The remaining
seminars are usually taken by senior students and are offered as they are
required.
* Absent on leave, 1949-50.
0 “Absent on leave, September-December, 1949.
114
I- 2. F IR ST YEAR MATHEMATICS. Mr. Brinkmann, Mr. Carruth, Mr. Dresden,
Mr. Marriott, Mrs. Schafer.
The material covered in these courses consists of Algebra and Trigonometry
(Course 1) and Analytical Geometry (Course 2 ) . The subjects studied are
required for any further work in mathematics; they will also serve to give the
student who intends to take no other courses in mathematics an introduction
to mathematical principles and methods. Students taking Course 1 must
also take Course 2 in order to receive credit for the course. However, properly
qualified students may take Course 2 without first taking Course 1; such
students will receive credit for Course 2 separately. Course 1 is given during
the first Semester; Course 2 is offered in each semester. The texts used are:
Albert, C ollege A lgebra; Curtiss and Moulton, Essentials o f Trigonometry;
Smith, Salkover and Justice, Analytic Geom etry.
3. INVITATION TO MATHEMATICS. Mr. Dresden. (Omitted in 1949-1950)
This course is intended for students who have a non-technical interest in
mathematics. It does not take the place of the usual college courses, but
aims to be an introduction to some of the important concepts of modern
mathematics, to emphasize the fundamental ideas of the science rather than
its technical processes, to provide a background for the study of its philo
sophical aspects, and to furnish a basis for an appreciation of its wider
significance.
Dresden, Invitation to M athematics.
Prerequisite: A good high school course in mathematics.
I I - 12. D IFFER EN TIA L AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS. Mr. Brinkmann, Mr.
Carruth, Mr. Marriott, Mrs. Schafer.
These courses introduce the student to the principles and applications of
the calculus. They form a necessary basis for any further work in mathe
matics and are essential for an understanding of the fundamentals of physics
and other sciences, as well as engineering. These courses constitute a full
course and cannot be taken separately; both are usually offered in each
semester. The text used is Sherwood and Taylor, Calculus.
Prerequisite: Courses 1-2.
14. THEORY O F EQUATIONS
Second Sem ester
This course begins with a study of complex numbers and continues with a
study of polynomials and algebraic equations, based on the notion of a field
and its algebraic extensions. The numerical calculation of roots of numerical
equations is also considered briefly. The text used is Weisner, Theory o f
Equations.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12.
15. SOLID ANALYTIC GEOMETRY. (Omitted in 1949-1950)
Metric theory of planes, lines and quadric surfaces in Euclidean threedimensional space, emphasis on the use of determinants and' matrices.
Dresden, Solid Analytical G eom etry an d Determinants.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12.
115
19. PRO JEC TIVE GEOMETRY. Mr. Brinkmann.
Firs* Sem ester
The principles of plane projective geometry are studied in this course, by
analytic as well as synthetic methods. The projective properties of the conic
sections are derived and the relation of elementaiy metric geometry to pro
jective geometry is considered.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12.
51. ADVANCED CALCULUS. Mr. Dresden.
First Sem ester
This course deals with the differential calculus of functions of several vari
ables and its geometric applications, multiple integrals, line and surface
integrals, improper integrals and infinite series. The treatment is sufficiently
rigorous to strengthen the student’s understanding of the principles of the
calculus. Applications to the physical sciences are given whenever possible.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12.
52. D IFFER EN TIA L EQUATIONS. Mr. Dresden.
Second Sem ester
A study of ordinary differential equations, with applications to problems from
geometry, physics and other sciences. Certain classical linear differential
equations are also studied in some detail.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12, 51.
S econ d Sem ester
53. HIGHER ANALYSIS.
A number of different subjects will be studied in this course, both because
of their intrinsic importance and in order to give the student practice in the
processes of analysis. Some of the topics to be considered are: Fourier Senes,
With applications to physical problems; Orthogonal polynomials; Gamma
Function; Elliptic Integrals.
Prerequisites: Courses 1-2, 11-12, 51, 52 (may be taken at the same time).
60. READING COURSE IN MATHEMATICS.
This course is to provide an opportunity for students to do special work in
fields not covered by the undergraduate courses, listed above. The work
consists in the preparation of papers requiring extensive and detailed exami
nation of the literature of a problem. .
Honors Seminars
in
M athematics
ADVANCED CALCULUS.
The subject matter of this seminar includes the differential calculus of func
tions of several variables, the elements of vector analysis, multiple integrals,
line and surface integrals, improper integrals, infinite series, uniform con
vergence of infinite processes. The treatment of these various subjects is
sufficiently detailed to give the student an introduction to the rigorous
processes of analysis.
116
D IFFER EN TIA L EQUATIONS.
This seminar begins with a formal treatment of ordinary differential equa
tions and their applications to various types of problems. This is followed by
a study of existence theorems for ordinary differential equations, certain
classical linear differential equations, Fourier series and a brief introduction
to boundary value problems of certain partial differential equations of the
second order.
STATISTICS and PROBABILITY.
The purpose of this seminar is to give the mathematical background neces
sary for an understanding of the mathematical analysis of statistical data.
In addition, the modern development of this subject provides a valuable
application of the concepts and techniques acquired in the study of advanced
calculus. The topics treated include: the axiomatic approach, the use of
Stieltjes integrals, correlation and regression, some special distribution,
sampling theory and a short introduction to the theory of statistical estima
tion.
MODERN ALGEBRA.
This seminar deals with the theoretical properties of such formal systems as
groups, rings, fields and vector spaces. While these concepts will be illus
trated by many concrete examples, the emphasis will be on the abstract
nature of the subject; the student will thus be introduced to an important
aspect of modem mathematics. Among the specific topics to be studied are
the algebra of matrices, of classes and of ideals.
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS O F A COM PLEX VARIABLE.
A brief study of the geometry of complex numbers is followed by a detailed
treatment of the Cauchy theory of analytical functions of a complex variable.
Various applications are given and some special classes of functions, such as
elliptic functions, are studied. Analytic continuation and the theory of
Weierstrass are briefly considered.
FOUNDATIONS O F MATHEMATICS.
Postulational treatment of mathematics. The problem of consistency. Relation
of logic and mathematics. Some of the systematic treatments of the founda
tion of logic. Modem developments.
D IFFER EN TIA L GEOMETRY.
The subject of this seminar is the metric differential geometry of curves and
surfaces in three dimensional space.
THEORY O F NUMBERS.
Among the subjects studied in this seminar are: Elementary properties of
integers, the congruence relation, quadratic residues, certain quadratic forms,
' certain classical Diophantine equations, simple examples of fields of algebraic
numbers.
117
Astronomy
Astronomy deals with the nature of the universe about us and the methods
employed to discover the laws underlying the observed phenomena.
The elementary courses present the problems in broad outlines and trace the
growth of our knowledge of the facts and the development of more comprehensive
theories.
The advanced courses consider some of these problems in detail;^ the order in
which they may be taken depends upon the extent of the student’s mastery of
mathematics and physics.
The principal instrument of the Sproul Observatory is the twenty-four-inch
visual refractor of thirty-six-foot focal length, used almost exclusively for pho
tography. The instrument has been in continuous operation since 1912 and
provides a valuable and steadily expanding collection of photographs. A number
of measuring and calculating machines are available for the measurement and
reduction of the photographs. The principal program of the Observatory is an
accurate study of the distances, motions and masses of the nearer stellar systems.
Advanced study in conjunction with the research program of the Observatory
may be arranged in consultation with the Director of the Sproul Observatory.
The Students’ Observatory contains a six-inch visual refractor, a nine-inch
photographic telescope, and a transit instrument.
The Sproul Observatory is open to visitors on the second and fourth Tuesday
nights of each month, except those Tuesday nights that fall in a vacation period
Visitors thus have an opportunity of seeing, in the course of a year, many celestial
objects of various types.
1-2. D ESCRIPTIV E ASTRONOMY. Mr. van de Kamp.
These courses provide an introduction to the methods and results of astron
omy. Fundamental notions of physics are studied as they are needed to
provide an adequate scientific basis for the course. These courses are pre
requisite for all further work in astronomy. Three class periods each week,
practical work to be arranged.
8. INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY. Mr. Pitman.
This course is designed to give the student an acquaintance with some of the
problems in astronomy, the methods of investigation, and results obtained.
Emphasis is placed on the overlapping of astronomy and the other sciences,
and its role in art, history and literature. Those planning to take additional
work in astronomy should enroll in Astronomy 1-2. Three class periods each
week. Text: Baker, Introduction to Astronomy, and current periodicals.
13. PRACTICAL ASTRONOMY.
Theory and use of the transit instrument for the determination of time, lati
tude and longitude. Reduction of star positions. Solution of observation equa
tions by the method of least squares.
(Tw o class sessions and one laboratory period each week.)
Prerequisites: Mathematics 1-2 and Astronomy 1-2 or 8.
118
14. LABORATORY ASTRONOMY.
Theory and practice of micrometric measures of double stars, comets and
asteroids. Photography of selected objects. Determination of positions from
photographic plates.
(Two class sessions and one laboratory period each week.)
Prerequisites: Mathematics 1-2 and Astronomy 1-2 or 8.
19. DOUBLE STARS. Mr. van de Kamp.
The two body problem. Visual, spectroscopic and eclipsing binaries. The
masses of binary components and of unseen companions.
Prerequisite: Mathematics 11-12.
31. UNDERGRADUATE READING COURSE IN ASTRONOMY.
Undergraduate students may, under direction, prepare papers upon subjects
requiring a rather extensive examination of the literature of a problem.
51. O RBIT COMPUTATION. Mr. Pitman.
The principles and methods of orbital analysis for planets, asteroids, comets
and double stars.
Students who intend to pursue astronomy as a major subject in course should
have Astronomy 1-2 during the freshman or sophomore year; advanced courses
in astronomy selected from the list given above combined with work in mathe
matics constitute the further requirement.
For students who select astronomy as their minor, Astronomy 1-2 and one
advanced course normally constitute the minimum requirement.
H onors Seminars
in
Astronomy
Prerequisites for admission to honors seminars in astronomy, either as a major
or as a minor, are the completion of the following courses: Mathematics 11-12;
Astronomy 1-2, a course in general Physics, reading knowledge of French or
German.
SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY.
Outline of spherical trigonometry. The astronomical triangle. Determina
tion of time and latitude. Reduction of astronomical positions. Precession,
aberration, proper motion, parallax.
O RBIT COMPUTATION.
The principles and methods of orbital analysis for planets, asteroids, comets
and double stars.
C ELESTIA L MECHANICS.
The problems of two, three and n bodies. Perturbations.
119
DOUBLE STARS.
The two body problem. Theory and observational technique of visual,
spectroscopic and eclipsing binaries. Special attention is given to the pho
tographic study of both resolved and unresolved astrometric binaries. The
masses of binary components and of unseen companions.
PHOTOGRAPHIC ASTROMETRY.
The long-focus refractor. Photographic technique, measurement and reduc
tion of photographic plates. Choice of reference stars. Attainable accuracy.
Application to the problems of parallax, proper motion, mass-ratio, and
perturbations. Resolved and unresolved astrometric binaries; orbital analyses.
STATISTICAL ASTRONOMY.
Fundamental data. Stellar motions and parallaxes. Distribution of stars and
globular clusters. The dimming of star light. Pattern of stellar motions. The
galactic system.
Graduate W ork
In conformity with the general regulations for work leading to the master’s
degree (see p. 6 4 ), this department offers the possibility for graduate work.
Candidates for the master’s degree will normally take four honors seminars,
two each semester, selected from those listed in astronomy, mathematics or physics,
in consultation with the faculty member under whose direction the work is to be
done. A thesis may be substituted for one of the seminars.
Candidates for the master’s degree must have a good reading knowledge of
French and German.
120
Music
P rofessor: Alfred J. Swan, Chairman
Assistant Professor. Irma W olpe (part-time)
I nstructor: T homas D unn
The study of music is concerned with a gradual and growing understanding of
the language of the great composers. This may be approached from without:
through a study of the general style of the epoch in which the composer lived,
its ideas, its art, its manner of life; through a historical tracing of the forms used
by the composer; through listening to his music accompanied by certain directives
of the teacher. Yet the better and surer approach is from within: through a study
of the musical laws underlying the composition and a gradual application of these
laws (counterpoint, harmony, etc.) to thematic material either invented by the
student himself, or set before him by the teacher; through acquiring the ability
to perform his own work or the models of the masters (chiefly at the piano).
A reasonable amount of inherent musical talent is presupposed for the second,
surer method of studying music. There are not a few students in the college,
however, who, considering themselves lacking in this talent, would prefer the
former, more outward way. The ensuing music courses are devised to satisfy both
types of student.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
for
M ajors
If, in the course of his first two years in college, the student has shown an
exceptional aptitude for either composition, or musicology (an interest in all
music history plus an absorbing interest in one phase, preferably the Middle Ages
or the Renaissance), or both, he may elect to major in music. It is also desirable
that he show a certain gift, or at least skill, in handling the piano.
1-2. FOUNDATIONS OF MUSIC. Mr. Swan.
Full Course
First Semester: The study of the old scales (modes) leading to melodic
writing in two and three parts. Models from the works of Josquin des Pres
and Palestrina. Towards the end of the term the student will usually have
produced exercises in free counterpoint (three-part motets for voices).
Second Semester: Brief fugal exposition for piano or strings, preludes,
fughettas, and dance forms. It is during the second semester that a public
demonstration of student compositions usually takes place.
The course includes a weekly class session of two hours and individual
appointments with each of the students for the revision and correction of
the work submitted.
Collateral texts: Jeppesen, Counterpoint, T h e Palestrina Style and the
Dissonance; Morris, Contrapuntal techn iqu e o f th e 16th Century; Medtner,
T h e Muse and th e Fashion. #
121
3-4. HISTORY O F MUSIC. Mr. Dunn.
Full Course
A survey course of music history for non-composers. Study of the successive
styles in music, especially those of Bach and the Viennese Classics. Initiation
into score reading.
21-22. PIANO LITERA TU RE. Mrs. Wolpe.
Full Course
The acquisition of the art of piano playing through the study of Cramer,
Bach’s Inventions and French Suites, Mozart and Beethoven Sonatas. Stu
dents of composition may be beginners; others must show at least four years
of previous study.
The course includes a weekly class session of two hours in which the succes
sive styles in piano music are demonstrated, and individual appointments
with each of the students—lessons in piano playing, one horn: per week.
31-32. ADVANCED MUSICAL COMPOSITION. Mr. Swan
Full Course
A continuation of Music 1-2 for students who are able to attempt composi
tion on a larger scale ( sonatina, sonata, string trio and quartet, small
orchestra).
41-42. A seminar on mediaeval music, or some later phase, may be offered from
time to time for course and honor students.
H onors W ork
To be admitted to honors a student must have completed both semesters of
Music 1-2 and 21-22. A student may do his principal work in Composition, or in
Music History (Musicology), or in both. The seminars (four for majors and two
for minors) culminate in the production of a string quartet movement or some
other chamber ensemble in sonata form. The completed work is played by pro
fessionals at the time of the honors examination.
122
Philosophy and Religion
Pbofessobs: W olfgang K ohler,* Research Professor of Philosophy
and Psychology
P aul Schrecker
Associate Professors: R ichard B. B randt,* Chairman
J ohn M. M oore (part-time)
Assistant Professors: Monroe C. B eardsley
R oderick F irth
I nstructors: W illiam Hordern
Sidney M orgenbesser
The study of philosophy consists in examining the beliefs to which one is
committed by accepting scientific knowledge and common-sense views of the
world; clarifying basic concepts; determining the circumstances under which
statements may properly be said to be true in all fields of human inquiry and
concern, including ethical and aesthetic discourse; and drawing the outlines of
an account of human experience coherent with the evidence of the sciences. On
account of the role of philosophy in the history of human thought, and on account
of the relation of philosophical ideas to problems in other fields, philosophy may
be studied as instrumental to the understanding of wider areas of history or
thought.
Religion is studied primarily as a system of ideas, both ethical and theological:
systematically, through a consideration of representative forms of contemporary
religious thought; and historically, through an examination of the great religions
and the development of religion, particularly of the Judaeo-Christian tradition.
Requirements
and
R ecommendations
for
M ajors
and
Minors
Applications to major in the department will normally not be approved until
the student has completed Course 1, and one other course from those numbered
11 to 30 if his principal interest is philosophy. Students who wish to major in the
field of religion should consult the department about their programs; normally
Course 1 and at least one course in the field of religion will be a minimum pre
requisite to admission as a major. Students whose principal interest is philosophy
should obtain permission if they plan to offer courses in religion, in excess of one,
as fulfillment of their major or minor course requirements in philosophy; similarly,
students whose principal interest is religion should obtain permission if they
plan to offer coruses in philosophy, in excess of one, as fulfillment of their major
or minor course requirements in religion. As supporting material for a major pro
gram in philosophy, the department recommends a year’s work in psychology,
and some work in physics.
* Absent on leave, second semester, 1949-50.
123
i . INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY. All instructors.
H alf Course, B oth Semesters
Several of the most important problems of philosophy, and alternative
answers to them, are discussed. The nature and criteria of knowledge are
emphasized, and implications of this issue for traditional problems are
analyzed. Stress is laid on the writing of philosophical essays. This course
should be taken to satisfy the college requirement for the freshman year.
N ote: This course serves as a sufficient prerequisite for any other course offered
by the department. Other courses may be taken in any order that is convenient.
Members of the department will offer advice on request concerning an order of
courses to suit individual needs. Students planning to do honors work should not
take courses dealing with material to be covered in honors seminars.
11. ETH ICS. Mr. Brandt and Mr. Firth.
H alf Course, B oth Sem esters
A systematic study of the principal ethical theories, historical and con
temporary, absolutistic and relativistic, with the object of developing an
understanding of the nature and scope of rational criticism in ethics and of
the principles and problems involved in the analysis of ethical issues. Psycho
logical, anthropological, metaphysical and religious issues are examined
where they are relevant.
12. LOGIC. Mr. Morgenbesser.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
An analysis of the structure of logical systems, both classical and contempo
rary. Reference will be made to the philosophical problems resulting from
such systems, and to the employment of logical tools for clarification of the
sciences, especially mathematics.
13. SE L E C T E D MODERN PHILOSOPHERS. Mr. Firth.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
A systematic study of the work of two or three modem philosophers from
Descartes to the present day, selected according to the interests of students
and instructor. Briefer attention will be given to the historical setting of the
authors discussed, and to related philosophical figures.
14. ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Morgenbesser. H alf Course, First Sem ester
A study primarily of Plato and Aristotle, but including also dramatists and
other Greek thinkers. Greek thought will be considered in its relation to the
economic and political context.
15. PHILOSOPHY O F SCIEN CE. Mr. Morgenbesser.
H alf Course, S econ d Sem ester
A consideration of scientific knowledge, its scope and limitations; of prob
lems resulting from theory construction and the validation of scientific
assertions; of probability and induction. Brief attention is given to the place
of science in the wider cultural setting.
16. CONTEMPORARY PROBLEM S. Mr. Brandt. H alf Course, First Sem ester
A systematic study of some problems in epistemology and metaphysics, such
as the theory of meaning, universals, the nature and criteria of truth, the
justification of memory beliefs and inductive generalization, theories of per
ception, and the nature of the self and its relation to material nature. Parts
of the work of Russell, Broad, Price, Lewis and Dewey are emphasized.
124
17. AESTH ETICS. Mr. Beardsley.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
A study of some problems that arise in describing and evaluating works of
art. The course includes: ( 1 ) clarifying such basic terms of criticism as
“form,” “style,” and “meaning”; (2 ) examining the principles and under
lying assumptions of criticism; and (3 ) analyzing the nature of aesthetic
value, especially the claim that works of art are good,
beautiful, and
“true.”
18. SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Morgenbesser. H alf Course, Second Sem ester
An analysis of theories of social institutions and change; the theory of
rights, both of individuals and minority groups. A study of alternative
political ideals, including Marxism, socialism and democracy.
19. SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Schrecker.
H alf Course
(Not offered in 1949-50.)
The evolution of philosophical problems and ideas from Descartes to
Leibniz, with special reference to the scientific, religious, political and social
background. Particular attention is paid to matters relevant to present day
discussion.
20. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION . Mr. Moore. H alf Course, S econ d Sem ester
The nature of religion; the psychology and interpretation of religious experi
ence; the problem of religious knowledge; the validity and difficulties of
Christian theology and ethics.
32. RELIGIO US AND ETHICAL IDEAS OF THE B IB L E . Mr. Moore.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
Important parts of the Old and New Testament are examined, in order to
trace the growth of Hebrew and Christian religions and the development of
the ideas of the Judaeo-Christian tradition, both ethical and theological.
33. EARLY CHRISTIAN THOUGHT. Mr. Hordern. H alf Course, First Sem ester
The rise and development of Christian thinking from the time of the New
Testament to the Reformation; the influence of Judaism and Greek philosophy;
the formation of the creeds, Scholasticism, the rise of Humanism, and
Protestant beginnings.
34. MODERN CHRISTIAN THOUGHT. Mr. Hordern.
H alf Course, Secon d Sem ester
The development of Christian thought from the Reformation to the twentieth
century, with emphasis upon the relationship between Christian and secular
thinking; the main ideas of the Reformation, church and sect in the Reforma
tion, Roman Catholic development, Protestant orthodoxy, Protestant liberalism.
35. HISTORY O F RELIGIONS. Mr. Hordern.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
An historical and comparative study of the world’s great religions, with the
exception of Judaism and Christianity: primitive religions, Hinduism,
Buddhism, Confucianism, Mohammedanism. Stress will be placed upon the
ethical and philosophical teachings of these religions and their rôle in the
interaction or modern cultures.
125
36. PROBLEM S O F CHRISTIANITY TODAY. Mr. Hordern.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
A study of Humanism, Naturalism, Liberalism, the Social Gospel, Barthianism, Neo-Orthodoxy, as the major answers to modem issues. Emphasis will
be on the relevance of these answers to contemporary philosophical and
scientific thinking.
37. RELIGIO N S OF AMERICA. Mr. Hordern.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
A study of some of the more important American religious groups with
regard to their history, teaching and present status. Visits will be made to
representative churches and synagogues.
46. R E FL E C T IV E THINKING. Mr. Beardsley.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
A beginning course in applied logic. Its principles are drawn from formal
logic, scientific method and “semantics”. These are combined with the
materials of rhetoric, to develop the student’s ability to read critically and
write clearly. The emphasis is on practical application of these principles.
47. HISTORY OF SCIEN CE. Mr. Schrecker.
H alf Course, Both Semesters
The historical development of scientific methods as applied to three main
problems: the conception of the universe, the structure of matter, and the
evolution of life. Selected readings in the classics of science. This course
can be taken only for the fulfillment of the science requirements; it will not
be counted as a course for completion of major or minor requirements in
Philosophy or Religion.
Psychology 60. SYSTEM ATIC PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Köhler.
H alf Course
A study of recurrent problems of psychology, in historical perspective and
in the light of various systematic views. Open to qualified students of
philosophy.
Prerequisites: Psychology 1 and 2. (May be counted toward a major
or minor in philosophy.)
History 21. QUAKERISM. Mr. Tolies.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
The history of the Society of Friends to the present day. The characteristic
religious and social ideas of the Quakers are considered in their historical
setting. A large part of the reading is done in the original sources. (For
sophomores, juniors and seniors. May be taken without prerequisite. This
course may be counted toward a major or minor in the field of Religion.)
H onors W ork
For admission to honors work in philosophy, the requirement is at least two
semester courses, one of which must be the Introduction to Philosophy (course 1 ),
unless with special permission. Students should normally present as their second
course one selected from courses numbered 11 to 30.
Seminars:
department
1950. The
degree with
Students who wish to study religion in seminars should consult the
about what seminars may be planned, beginning with the fall of
following seminars in philosophy prepare for, examinations for a
Honors:
126
MORAL PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Firth.
A seminar in ethics, systematic and historical. The general issue of relativism
and absolutism is analyzed; the principal ethical theories are studied; and
considerable attention is also given to related psychological and metaphysical
problems. Recommended for students of psychology and the social sciences.
PLATO. Mr. Schrecker.
Reading and interpretation of all the major and some of the minor dialogues
of Plato in an effort to understand his contributions to metaphysics, the
theory of knowledge, ethics and politics, and to appreciate his importance
for Western thought. Attention will be paid to the pre-Socratic elements of
his philosophy, to his scientific and social background, and to the germs of
future developments contained in his work.
HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Beardsley.
The development of modem thought from Bacon and Descartes to Kant.
This seminar may appropriately be combined with work in any of the three
divisions.
CLASSIC PROBLEM S IN PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Kohler and Mr. Brandt.
A systematic study of some basic problems such as the theory of meaning,
universals and particulars, the nature and criteria of truth, the justification
of memory knowledge and induction, theories of perception and the nature
of the self and its relation to material nature. The reading is in the works
of contemporary writers such as Broad, Russell and Lewis.
PHILOSOPHY O F SCIEN CE. Mr. Morgenbesser.
A consideration of scientific method, the logical foundations of science,
including the theories of induction and meaning. Examination of the con
cepts of space, causality, explanation and others of importance for the
student of philosophy.
AESTHETICS. Mr. Beardsley.
A systematic examination of the philosophy of art and the methodological
foundations of criticism. Recommended for students of literature, music and
the fine arts.
SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY. Mr. Brandt and Mr. Morgenbesser.
An examination of theories of culture and of sociocultural change, including
those of Hegel, Marx and contemporary writers. An analysis of the logic of
the social sciences, of methodological problems and of related theories, such
as historical relativism. Recommended for students of the social sciences and
psychology.
T hesis
A thesis may be submitted by majors in the department in place of one of the
seminars, upon application by the student and at the discretion of the Depart
ment.
127
Physical Education for Men
D irector of Athletics and Physical E ducation for Men
Associate Professor: W illis J. S tetson
Associate Professor: R obert H. D unn
Assistant Professors: L ewis H. E lverson
E dwin J. F aulkner
Assistants: R obert B ach
J ames M cAdoo
J ames M iller
Albert M. B arron
H oward D. S ipler
Avery F. B lake
Paul Stofko
Samuel E ckerd
and
C ollege P hysician: D r . M orris A . B owie
The course in Men’s Physical Education is designed to acquaint each partici
pant with both team and individual sports. The value of team play is developed
while emphasis is also placed on the so-called “carry over” sports which one can
enjoy after graduation. Each individual, while benefiting from the physical exer
cise, also becomes better acquainted with the fundamentals, rules, etc., of the
various sports and so is better able to enjoy these activities as a spectator.
The intercollegiate athletic program is a comprehensive one with varsity
schedules in eleven different sports. In many of these activities there are contests
arranged for junior varsity and freshman teams, thus providing ample oppor
tunity for large numbers of men to engage in intercollegiate competition.
F aculty R equirements
Physical Education is required of all non-veteran freshmen and sophomores
unless excused by the College physician. During this two-year period, men stu
dents must attend a minimum of three classes per week.
All men not excused for medical or other reasons are expected to fulfill this
requirement under penalty of being asked to leave the college.
F all Activities
'Cross Country
'Football
'So ccer
Speed Ball
Swimming
Tennis
Touch Football
W inter Activities
Badminton
'Basketball
Boxing
Tennis
Track
Volley Ball
Handball
Lacrosse
'Swimming
Spring Activities
'Baseball
•Golf
'Tennis
'T rack
'Lacrosse
Softball
* Indicates intercollegiate competition.
128
“Wrestling
Physical Education for Women
Associate Professor: V irginia R ath, Chairman
Assistant Professors: I rene M oll
M ay E . Parry
Assistants: J anet Scantlebury (part-time)
J ane V aché (part-time)
College Physician: D r . M orris A. B owie
The aim of this Department is to contribute to the education of all women
students through the medium of physical activity. W e believe this contribution
can best be achieved through participation in a broad program of recreational,
rhythmic and developmental activities. Therefore the program provides: in
struction and experience in sports and dancing; swimming ability for all; cor
rective and developmental exercises. It is our hope that the student will also
acquire: appreciation of the dance as a fine art; the meaning of good sportsman
ship; added endurance; good posture; leadership training; joy in outdoor exer
cise; and a program o f interests and skills that will carry over for the individual
and her community after college.
Classes are kept small to insure individual attention, and students are grouped
according to ability. Ample opportunities are given for intramural and inter
collegiate competition, as well as for public performances and demonstrations.
Freshmen and sophomores take three periods of activity each week. These may
be elected from classes listed below with the stipulation that they: take swimming
until a test is passed; take a rhythmic activity; take a team sport; take Body
Mechanics if the posture grade indicates a need for it.
Regulation costumes should be ordered before college opens. Blanks for this
purpose will be sent out from the Office of the Dean to all incoming students.
S ports
1. HOCKEY. Miss Parry, Miss Moll.
Class and Varsity.
F all Term
F all and Spring
2. ARCHERY. Miss Rath.
Class and Varsity.
3. TENNIS. Miss Parry, Miss Rath, Miss Moll, Mr. Faulkner.
Fall, W inter and Spring
Class and Varsity, Winter and Spring.
Spring
4. GOLF. Miss Moll.
Class and Varsity.
129
5. SWIMMING. Miss Rath.
F dll, W inter and Spring
Beginner, intermediate and advanced classes in strokes and diving.
Class and Varsity.
7.
9.
BASKETBALL. Miss Moll.
Class and Varsity.
W inter
BADMINTON. Miss Rath, Miss Parry, Miss Moll, Mr. Faulkner.
W inter and Spring
Class and Varsity.
10. SO FT BALL. Miss Moll.
Class and Varsity.
Spring
11. LA CROSSE. Miss Vache.
Class and Varsity.
Spring
R hythmic Activities
12. DANCING. Miss Scantlebury.
Fall, W inter and Spring
Class and Club.
13. FO LK AND SQUARE DANCING. Miss Moll.
D evelopmental
and
Fall, W inter and Spring
Health Activities
14. TUMBLING. Miss Rath.
W inter
15. BODY MECHANICS. Miss Rath.
W inter
Required of all first-year students whose posture indicates a need for it.
16. CONDITIONING E X E R C ISE S. MissRath.
W inter
Service Activities
17. RECREATIONAL LEADERSHIP. Miss Moll.
Theory and practice teaching in recreational activities of all lands.
W inter
18. R ED CROSS L IF E SAVING. Miss Rath and Red Cross Field Representative.
W inter and Spring
Senior and instructors’ courses.
130
Physics
Professor : W inthrop R. W right
Associate Professors: W illiam C. E lmore, Chairman
M ilan W. Garrett
Assistant Professor: D ennison B ancroft
The physics department, through its introductory course in general physics,
endeavors to give an integrated account of basic physics. In this course, as well
as in the advanced work of the department, emphasis is placed on quantitative,
analytical reasoning, as distinct from the mere acquisition of facts and skills. The
introductory course makes no pretense of covering all material of interest to
physicists, but rather comprises a selection of topics which form a coherent group.
Advanced work in the department involves a more intensive study of topics
covered at the introductory level, and of many phases of modern physics which
require a considerable background in mathematics and electricity. In all courses
and seminars particular importance is attached to laboratory work, in as much
as physics is primarily an experimental science.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
for
Majors
Students who intend to major in physics normally take Course 1-2 in the fresh
man year and Course 11-12 in the sophomore year. In addition they should
complete Course 12 in mathematics and Course 2 in chemistry by the end of the
sophomore year. In view of graduate school requirements, and of the extensive
literature of physics in German, it is strongly recommended that the student
fulfill his language requirement in German.
The work of the last two years normally involves an honors program, and
includes three seminars in physics and three seminars in mathematics. Other
seminars in the program are usually chosen from electrical engineering, chemistry,
or philosophy. Such a program is a particularly satisfactory way of preparing for
graduate or other professional work in physics or in mathematics. However, it
constitutes in itself an effective educational program, since the aim throughout is
to achieve an understanding of fundamental ideas and concepts, as distinct from
the mastery of information, skills and techniques in a limited segment of science.
C ourse Statement
I - 2. GENERAL PHYSICS. Staff.
An introductory course in basic physics open to all students. No prerequisite
other than those for college entrance is assumed. This course or its equivalent
must precede any advanced courses or seminars in physics. It is required of
most science majors. Three lectures, a conference and a laboratory period
weekly. Separate credit given for each semester’s work.
I I - 12. MECHANICS, HEAT AND SOUND. Mr. Elmore and Mr. Bancroft.
The material for this course is drawn from the fields of mechanics, hydro
dynamics, acoustics, kinetic theory and thermodynamics. Since extensive use
131
is made of the calculus, a course in this subject must precede or be taken
concurrently. This course is recommended for physics majors and should meet
the needs of other students’ desiring a second course in physics. Three
conference hours and one laboratory period weekly.
H onors W ork
PHYSICAL OPTICS. Mr. Wright.
Second Sem ester
Based on Robertson’s Introduction to Physical Optics. The laboratory work
includes measurements on thick and thin lenses, intercomparison of wave
lengths by prism, grating and interference spectrographs, computation ot
series constants, quantitative observation of various interference and diffrac
tion patterns and measurement of reflection coefficients.
ELE C TR IC ITY AND MAGNETISM. Mr. Garrett.
First Sem ester
Based primarily on Page and Adams’ Principles o f Electricity en d Hamwell’s
Principles o f Electricity and Electrom agnetism. It covers static and dynamic
electricity, magnetism and electromagnetism, with some electronics. The
emphasis throughout is on fundamental analysis rather than application. T e
laboratory includes measurements in direct and alternating currents and in
magnetism, together with some fundamental experiments in electronics.
Mathematics seminars in advanced calculus and differential equations are
normally prerequisite.
MODERN PHYSICS. Mr. Elmore.
Second Sem ester
A seminar devoted to both the experimental and the theoretical aspects of
modern atomic physics. The topics include radiation, special relativity,
quantum theory, the wave nature of particles, atomic structure, X-rays,
isotopes, radioactivity, nuclear physics and related matters. The seminar
discussion is accompanied by a full-day laboratory period. This seminar
should be preceded by that in electricity and magnetism.
TH EO RETICAL PHYSICS. Mr. Elmore.
Not O ffered Regularly
A study of selected topics, mostly drawn from classical physics. Little dupli
cation occurs of theoretical material covered in the other seminars offered by
the department. Based primarily on Page’s Introduction to T heoretical
Physics. Not accompanied by laboratory.
Prerequisites: Course 11-12 and mathematics seminars in advanced calculus
and differential equations.
132
Political Science
Professor: J. R oland Pennock, Chairman
Associate Professors: L eslie L ipson
B ryce W ood
Assistant Professors: Herbert Sonthoff
P aul N. Ylvisaker
L ecturer: Philip E . J acob
The aim of the Department of Political Science is to study,'both in lc|eal and
in reality the place of the state in society and to contribute to an understanding
States, and international political institutions.
Requirements
and
R ecommendations
for
M ajors
Students who intend to major in political science should take Course 1-2 in
the freshman year and Course 11 in the sophomore year. Majors
a lso ^ q u e
to take Economics 1-2. Courses in Statistics (Economics 11) and in American
History are recommended. Political Theory, either in seminar or in course,
required of all majors.
1-2. INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE. All members ¡ g R * !
partment.
,
_
The foundations of politics-sociological, psychological, and economici nature
and development of political institutions; types of government. A study ot
examples of “ he major forms of government, followed by a more detailed
studyPof the national government of the United States. Political Science l
is open to all students and is prerequisite to all other courses offered by the
department. Other courses are open to all students who have had Political
Science 1 unless otherwise indicated.
I
AMERICAN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT. Mr. Ylvisaker.
11. a m h iu c a
Course, Second Semester
The nature of federalism, as exemplified by the United States and contrasted
systems Intergovernmental relations within a federal system Analysis o
state and local governments; their constitutions and charters; the electoral
process and political parties; the legislative, executive, and judicial branches;
finance and functions of governmental administration.
12 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANIZATION. Mr. Wood
12. i n i L iuNa
Half Course, First Sem ester
An introduction to the principles and problems of international relations and
foreign policy, including: historical concepts of international society; develop
133
ment and basis of the national state system; nationalism and imperialism;
growth and nature of international law; the League of Nations; the impact
of war on modem society; the United Nations Organization.
13. AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY. Mr. Wood.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester, Alternate Years
A historical and analytical study of the political, constitutional, geographic
and economic factors controlling American foreign policy, with particular
reference to the development of policies toward Europe and the Far East
since 1890.
14. LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS. (Not offered in 1949-50.)
H alf Course, Second Sem ester, Alternate Years
Political, historical, cultural, commercial relationships between the United
States and Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean area, and South America.
Discussions of Pan-Americanism, the Monroe Doctrine, boundary disputes,
trade agreements, the Good Neighbor Policy.
15. COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT. Mr. Sonthoff.
H alf Course
A critical study of the major political systems and of their significance in
the problem of constitutional order.
16. DEMOCRACY AND DICTATORSHIP. Mr. Pennock.
H alf Course, Second Sem ester
Analysis of the crisis of political liberalism. Reconsideration of the bases of
representative government in the light of changed economic and social condi
tions in the modem State; examination of such alternative principles as those
offered by Communism and Fascism; investigation of the problem of planning
in a democracy; and an appraisal of present tendencies in political develop
ment.
51. PU BLIC ADMINISTRATION. Mr. Ylvisaker.
H alf Course
An anlysis of the principles of administration in modern governments with
illustrative material drawn chiefly from the national government of the
United States and with particular references to the implications of recent
developments. Problems of administrative organization, conduct of regulatory
and managerial activities, financial administration, personnel, public relations,
administrative legislation and adjudication.
Open to juniors and seniors only, except by special arrangement.
52. AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. Mr. Ylvisaker.
H alf Course
The Constitution as developed by the Court; and the Court as seen through
the cases. Stressing (a ) the extent of national power, (b ), constitutional
1,-mirations upon state legislation, ( c ) the nature of the judicial process in
the American system of government.
Sophomores may be admitted by special arrangement.
53. MODERN PARTY PO LITICS. ( Not offered in 1949-50.)
The rise of political parties; their role in the modern state; and reasons for
their existence. The connection between parties and group interests. Types of
parties. Programs, organizations, and leadership.
Open to juniors and seniors only.
134
54. HISTORY OF POLITICA L THEORY. Mr. Pennock.
H alf Course, First Sem ester
The deveiopment of thought on the nature of the state and of individual
rights and chities, based largely on readings of the chief political philosophers.
Topics studied include: Greek political thought; medieval umversalism and
the divine right of kings; the Reformation and the development ot contractual theory; sovereignty and the rise of the national state; the growth ot
liberalism and the roots of totalitarian ideologies.
•Open to juniors and seniors only, except by special arrangement.
Honors W ork
Prerequisite: Political Science 1. The following seminars prepare for examination
for a degree with Honors:
POLITICAL THEORY. Mr. Pennock.
The nature of the state, the basis of political obligation, sovereignty mid the
nature of law, problems of freedom and authority, theoretical analysis of forms
of government, theories of revolution—all in the light of the theories set forth
by writers on these subjects from Plato to the present.
POLITICS AND LEG ISLATION . Mr. Sonthoff.
A study of the political process: purposes of the state; the relation of the
general welfare to special interests; public opinion; voters and electoral sys
tems; parties and politicians; the functions and organization of the legislature.
PROBLEMS IN GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTRATION. Mr. Ylvisaker.
A detailed study of major problems of government, particularly on the
administrative side, and especially as they manifest themselves in the
national government of the United States. Topics studied include: public
budgeting and financial control, administrative legislation and adjudication,
governmental reorganization, administrative areas, governmental corporations,
and problems of public service personnel administration.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANIZATION. Mr. Wood.
First Sem ester
Basic factors of interstate relations-geography, resources, races, trade-con
sidered in relation to nationalism, imperialism and war. The development of
international. organization, technical and political, from the Confederation
of Europe to the United Nations Organization.
AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY. Mr. Wood.
Second Sem ester
A study of the economic, political and strategic factors in American foreign
policy since 1890.
PUBLIC LAW AND JURISPRUDEN CE. Mr. Pennock.
Second Sem ester
Sources and nature of law; historical, sociological, philosophic, and “realistic”
approaches to law; key problems of jurisprudence illustrated by study of the
fields of federalism and civil liberties in American constitutional law.
TH ESIS. All members of the department.
Approval of the instructor immediately concerned must be secured early in
the student’s junior year.
135
Psychology and Education
Professors: W olfgang K ohler, Research Professor of Philosophy,
and Psychology
Solomon E . Asch
Associate Professors: R ichard S. C rutchfield,* Chairman
W illiam C. H. Prentice, Acting Chairman
Hans W allach*
Assistant Professors: C arol F. Creedon
Henry Gleitman
B enbow F . R itchie
I nstructor: P eter M adison
The work of the Department of Psychology is concerned with the scientific
study of human behavior and experience. This involves study of the basic
processes of perception, learning, thinking and motivation, and the consideration
of these processes in relation to psychological development of the individual,
personality, and the social relations of the individual to other persons and to
groups. For those students planning for graduate and professional work in
psychology the courses and seminars of the department are designed to provide
a sound basis of understanding of psychological principles and a grasp of research
method. For other students the intention is to provide an orientation with respect
to the nature of psychological inquiry and the foundations of the psychological
approach to various problems encountered in study of the humanities, the social
sciences and the life sciences.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
Courses 1 and 2 are prerequisite to all further courses and seminars in
psychology. Course majors are required to take Courses 51, 52, and 53. Course
63 is recommended.
Honors majors are advised to take during their freshmen and sophomore years
introductory work in zoology and/or physics, and, if possible, work beyond
the introductory course in philosophy. A reading knowledge of German is useful
but not required.
Courses in education—3, 12, 13—will not be credited toward a major in
psychology. Education alone may not be elected as a major subject, and not
more than two full courses in education will be accepted for credit toward the
bachelor’s degree. The Pennsylvania requirements for the certification of secondary
school teachers include 21 hours of psychology and education. With the exception
of 6 hours of practice teaching, which must be taken elsewhere, Swarthmore
students may fulfill these requirements by taking Courses, 1, 2, 3, 11, 12 and 13.
* Absent on leave, 1949-50.
136
Psychology
1
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Crutchfield, Mr. Prentice.
E ach Sem ester
An introduction to the study of psychology, including a consideration of the
nature of psychological inquiry and a brief review of the available facts
and theories relevant to a scientific understanding of human behavior and
experience. Technical aspects are subordinated to questions concerning
motivation, personality and adjustment, although the emphasis throughout
is theoretical rather than practical. Reading covers a standard textbook of
psychology. Three lectures and one conference section per week.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS. Mr. Gleitman, Mr. Ritchie.
E ach Sem ester
The main objective of this course is to develop in the student a critical and
experimental attitude towards psychological problems. The content of the
course includes: ( 1 ) a survey of the types of experimental designs, the
methods of measurement, and the kinds of apparatus employed in different
psychological studies, ( 2 ) an introduction to the concepts of descriptive
statistics and sampling error theory, (3 ) an analysis of the historical back
ground of selected contemporary theoretical problems, and (4 ) practice in
the design of original experiments by the students with the aim of training
them to sharpen psychological concepts by casting them into experimental
form.
Prerequisite: Course 1.
51. COGNITIVE PROCESSES. Mr. Asch, Mr. Wallach.
First Semester
Selected problems in perception, learning, and thinking are studied with the
object of clarifying how we perceive the world, how we discover its proper
ties and acquire mastery of them. The following topics are studied: The
structured character of perceptual processes. The role of experience in
perception. Formation of associations; memory and processes in the trace
field. Cognitive processes in emotions. The process of discovery; conditions
of productive thinking. The problem of transfer of training. Applications to
teaching. Cognitive processes in the social field.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
52. MOTIVATION. Mrs. Creedon, Mr. Madison, Mr. Ritchie.
First Sem ester
Emphasis is upon the role of dynamic factors (drives, needs, values) in the
determination of behavior. Consideration is ' given to the measurement of
motives, the relationship between biological and psychological tensionsystems, conflict, frustration, success and failure, reward and punishmènt.
Evaluation of the theories of motivation of McDougall, Tolman, Lewin, All
port, Murray and Freud. Term paper or design of an original experiment is
required.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
137
53. EXPERIM EN TAL PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Gleitman, Mr. Prentice, Mr. Wallach.
E ach Sem ester
A course in experimental thinking: how to conceive, design, and carry out
original experiments on psychological problems. Instructor and students
begin with a problem or problem-area and develop experimental attacks by
group discussion. The actual experiments so designed are carried out by
the students with supervision and are interpreted and evaluated by the
group. Students present formal reports on each experiment. Class work,
laboratories, and reports take ten to twelve hours per week.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2 and 51.
54. ANIMAL EXPERIM ENTATION. Mr. Ritchie.
Second Sem ester
A detailed analysis of selected contemporary experimental problems, leading
to original experimental investigations carried out by the students with
animal subjects. Meets as a weekly seminar during first half of term, and
involves 6 hours of laboratory work per week during the remainder of the
term.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
55. CH ILD PSYCHOLOGY. Mrs. Creedon.
Second Sem ester
The development of the child from birth through adolescence, studied in
terms of basic psychological principles. Important theories and practices of
child-rearing are evaluated in the light of experimental and cross-cultural
data. Topics include the significance of infantile and childhood experience
on subsequent personality development, parent-child relationships, sibling
rivalry, and the “behavior problems” which typically occur during the
socialization process. One of the following is required: (1 ) acting as an
assistant in a child-care center for approximately 20 hours, ( 2 ) an intensive
study of a single child, (3 ) individual or group experimental or observational
research, (4 ) a term paper.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
56. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Asch, Mrs. Creedon.
Second Sem ester
A study of some basic processes and products of interaction between persons,
between persons and groups and between groups. The following topics are
covered: The formation of the social field of the individual. Perception of
persons as psychological entities. Perception of groups. Formation of the
self; social relations of the self. Psychological forces supporting group
belonging. Functional consequences of group membership. The psychological
investigation of group processes. Group requirements and group standards.
Formation and change of attitudes.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
57. PSYCHOLOGICAL TE STS AND MEASUREMENTS. Mrs. Creedon.
First Sem ester
Theory and measurement of intelligence and personality; a critical evalu
ation of psychological tests and testing methods. Administration of individual
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and group tests of intelligence to preschool and older children, normal
adults, mentally retarded individuals and aged persons. Scoring techniques
and interpretation of test results with major emphasis on the Stanford-Binet
and Wechsler-Bellevue scales. Assumptions underlying the design of paper
and pencil tests of personality, tests of special abilities and vocational
interests are examined. Texts: Terman & Merrill: Measuring Intelligence,
Wechsler: M easurem ent o f Adult Intelligence.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
58. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. Mr. Madison.
First Sem ester
A study of the main forms of mental disorders: psychoneuroses, psycho
somatic disorders and psychoses, with special consideration of etiological
factors; principles and methods of therapy; the relation of pathological forms
to normal personality structure.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2 and 52.
59. PERSONALITY DYNAMICS AND DIAGNOSIS.
Second Sem ester
A systematic approach to personality, including a survey and critique of such
major theoretical positions as those of Freud, Jung, Adler, Homey, Fromm,
McDougall and Murray. A consideration of the methods employed in the
assessment of personality such as life history methods, the interview,
standardized personality tests, association tests, projective techniques and
situational tests.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 52, 57 and 58.
60. SYSTEMATIC PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Kohler.
First Sem ester
A study of recurrent problems of psychology, in historical perspective and
in light of various systematic views. Restricted to psychology majors and
qualified students of philosophy.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
61-62. ADVANCED PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH. The staff.
E ach Sem ester
Individual research on a selected original problem under the direction of a
member of the department. Open only to psychology majors. Credit will be
given for one semester; a second semester may be taken for credit at the
discretion of the department.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 51 and 53.
63. PSYCHOLOGICAL TUTORIAL. The staff.
Second Sem ester
Weekly seminar meeting of psychology course majors held in the second
term of the senior year for the purposes of reviewing, integrating, and
supplementing the student’s course work in psychology. Open only to senior
majors.
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Education
3. INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATION.
First Sem ester
A survey of the aims, organization and procedures of education, with some
attempt to orient the study in the context of the philosophy and history of
education; the opportunities and requirements in education as a profession.
No prerequisites.
11. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY.
Second Sem ester
The application of psychological principles concerned with the processes
of thinking, learning and motivation to the problems of education.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2 and 3.
12. PRIN CIPLES OF SECONDARY EDUCATION. (Not offered in 1949-50.)
First Sem ester
A study of the principles of secondary education, with emphasis upon aims
and organization. Visits to nearby schools are made.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 3 and 11.
13. TECHNIQUES O F SECONDARY EDUCATION. ( Not offered in 1949-50.)
Second Sem ester
A review and critical anlysis of the methods used in secondary education.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 3, 11 and 12.
H onors Seminars
PERCEPTION. Mr. Köhler, Mr. Prentice, Mr. Wallach.
Reading and discussion combined with independent experimental projects.
The student is expected to know the basic facts about human perceptual
mechanisms, particularly visual ones, by the time he has completed this
seminar. Specific topics covered are: color vision, grouping and form, depth
and distance, size, movement, influences of learning and of needs or attitudes,
general theory of perception. When time permits, some attention is given
to parallel problems in other senses.
LEARNING AND THINKING. Mr. Asch, Mr. Gleitman, Mr. Köhler,
Mr. Ritchie, Mr. Wallach.
Deals with principles of adaptive behavior; the functions of memory and
thinking; the nature of understanding and problem-solving; the nature of
intelligence.
MOTIVATION. Mrs. Creedon, Mr. Crutchfield, Mr. Köhler, Mr. Madison,
Mr. Prentice, Mr. Ritchie, Mr. Wallach.
A systematic and experimental approach to the dynamics of behavior, based
on material drawn from the laboratory and the clinic, and covering the fol
lowing topics: instinctive behavior and biological drives; the relation of
motivation and learning; derived motivation; the relation of perception and
motivation; frustration and its relation to aggression, regression; level of
aspiration; success and failure; substitution and sublimation; ego needs and
the nature of the ego; emotion and feeling; contemporary theories of
motivation.
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INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIETY. Mr. Asch, Mr. Crutchfield.
The relationship between man and his society, approached from the points
of view of social psychology, sociology, and cultural anthropology; the
study of group-structures and the psychological consequences of groupmembership; the critique of available procedures for scientific treatment
of group-behavior and group-influences.
PERSONALITY. Mr. Asch, Mr. Madison.
A systematic approach to personality, including a survey and critique of such
major theoretical positions as those of Freud, Jung, Adler, Homey, Fromm,
McDougall and Murray. An examination of clinical and experimental evi
dence concerning personality, for • example, experimental data on egoinvolvement, clinical evidence of repression. A consideration of the methods
employed in the assessment of personality such as life history methods, the
interview, standardized personality tests, association tests, projective tech
niques, and situational tests.
LANGUAGE. (Not offered in 1949-50.)
The psychological bases of communication, with special reference to the
origin and development of language, the nature of linguistic symbolism, the
disorders of linguistic behavior.
SYSTEMATIC PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Kohler.
Observations and problems in different fields of modern psychology treated
as parts of a developing system, with a consideration of the basic principles
inherent in this development.
TH ESIS. All members of the department.
•
May be presented as a substitute for one seminar, provided the student is
doing major work in psychology with four seminars, and provided some
member of the department is available to undertake the direction of the thesis.
M asters D egree
A limited number of students may be accepted for graduate study toward the
Master’s degree in psychology. Students receiving the Bachelor’s degree from
Swarthmore are not normally eligible for this work.
The program of work for the Master’s degree requires the completion of four
seminars, or their equivalents. One of the seminars must be a research seminar
leading to a Thesis. The work of the seminars is judged by external examiners. The
requirements for the Master’s degree can normally be completed in one year.
141
Romance Languages
Professors: H arold M arch
E dith Philips , Chairman
Associate Professors: J ames D. Sorber
L eon W encelius
Assistant Professor: Newell B ush
I nstructor: J osé M iguel G onzalez
The Romance language department aims to give its majors a fairly compre
hensive view of the literature and culture of the countries represented by these
languages. In the elementary courses the emphasis is naturally on the language
itself. In the advanced courses the emphasis is on the literature and progress in
the language is a secondary aim.
French
' All students offering French for entrance are placed at the level where they
will presumably profit best by the course according to their rating in the College
Entrance Examination or a test given by the department.
French may be offered as. a major or a minor in course or in honors work.
Prerequisites and recommended supporting subjects are the same for both
course and honors students and are as follows:
Required:
French 5-6 Introduction to Literature.
French 11 Advanced Composition and Diction.
Recommended supporting subjects:
French History, History of Modem Philosophy, Psychology, English or an
other foreign or classic literature, Fine Arts.
Majors are expected to speak French with sufficient fluency to take part in
discussion in courses and seminars in the language and to pass an oral compre
hensive or oral honors examination in French.
Courses
1-2. ELEM EN TARY FRENCH.
For students who begin French in College. Equivalent to two years’ French
in high school. The initial approach is oral but a foundation is laid for a
reading knowledge. No credit is given for French 1 alone. Both courses
offered each semester.
3-4. IN TERM EDIA TE FRENCH.
For students who have had French 1-2 or its equivalent ( 2 years’ French in
high school.) Students who have had three years in high school usually
enter French 4. Grammar is reviewed. Reading is from contemporary
literature in French editions without notes or vocabulary. Students are urged
to use a French dictionary (Larousse) as well as French-English dictionaries
142
Every effort is made to help the student to increase his vocabulary and to
discuss what he has read in the French language. (Both courses are offered
each semester.)
5-6. INTRODUCTION TO LITERA TURE.
In Course 5 the transition is made from regarding reading as an aid to
language learning to the consideration of literary values. The material is
selected from classics of the nineteenth century, but it is not a systematic
survey course.
In Course 6 the treatment is more historical with selected readings in
Larousse editions from Rabelais to Rousseau. (Both courses are offered each
semester. )
11. ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND DICTION.
For those who intend to major in French or who wish an advanced course
in which the emphasis is not primarily literary. An effort is made to correct
faulty pronunciation and to improve self-expression in the language, both
oral and written.
12. L E ROMAN AVANT 1800.
Starting with some examples to show the origins of the French novel in
the romances of the middle ages, selected novels are read which show the
development of the novel as an art form before the nineteenth century.
13. ROMAN MODERNE.
Representative novelists from Balzac to the present.
14. PROSE D E LA RENAISSANCE.
Readings from Rabelais, Calvin, Montaigne.
15. LA PEN SÉE DU 17e SIÈCLE.
Descartes, Pascal, L a Rochefoucauld and other prose writers of the seven
teenth century, their importance in the formation of French “classicism".
16. L E S “PHILOSOPHES”.
Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot and Rousseau; their contribution to the
development of the ideas on art, literature and society which characterize
the French eighteenth century.
17. THÉÂTRE CLASSIQUE.
The plays of Corneille, Racine and Molière and the growth of the classic
ideal in French literature.
18. TH ÉÂTRE MODERNE.
The development of the French theater from the breaking down of the
dominance of the classical ideal in the eighteenth century. Plays of Marivaux
and Beaumarchais. Theories of Diderot. Characteristic examples of the
theater of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
19. PO ÉSIE D E VILLON À LA FONTAINE.
Villon, Ronsard and the Renaissance poets. The influence of French classicism
on lyric poetry.
143
20. POÉSIE MODERNE.
Baudelaire, the Symbolists, modem tendencies.
21. PROUST, GID E AND VALÉRY.
The dominant writers of the early twentieth century. Novels and essays
which illustrate their importance in contemporary literature.
22. SAINT-EXUPÉRY, MALRAUX, SARTRE, CAMUS.
Neo-humanism and contemporary tendencies.
51. SPECIAL TOPICS. (For senior majors.)
Readings selected to fit the needs of individual seniors and to supplement
their selection of courses. Not designed to prepare for any specific type ot
comprehensive examination but to give an opportunity in the senior year
for tiie student to see his courses in perspective and to see possible relation
ships with work in other fields.
Footnote: All advanced courses are not offered every year. Students wishing a
major or minor in French should plan their course carefully in advance with the
department in order to get a well rounded program.
H onors S eminars
LA RENAISSANCE EN FRANCE.
Rabelais, Calvin, Montaigne, Ronsard et la Pléiade.
L E THÉÂTRE CLASSIQUE.
Corneille, Racine, Molière.
L E S “PHILOSOPHES”
Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau.
BALZAC, STENDHAL, FLA U BERT.
PROUST, G ID E, VALÉRY.
PO ÉSIE MODERNE.
Baudelaire, Rimbaud, Verlaine, Mallarmé, Claudel, Valéry.
MOUVEMENT D ES ID ÉE S.
Ideological background of modem literature with particular but not exclusive
attention to the French.
ECRIVAINS POLITIQ UES.
Political writers from Rousseau to Maurras and Blum who have been
important for the influence of their ideas and the quality of their literary
style.
While some honors seminars treat the same subject matter as the courses, the
reading required is more extensive both in the texts and in critical material. The
work of a seminar corresponds to two courses.
144
Italian
Since few students enter with previous preparation in Italian, there is no
system for placement. Any student who wishes advanced standing can arrange
his status in conference with the instructor.
C ourses
1-2. ELEM ENTARY ITALIAN.
A course aimed to give the student ability to read ordinary Italian with ease,
and to writè and speak simple Italian.
3. INTERM EDIA TE ITALIAN.
First Sem ester
Grammar review and composition. Reading from modern literatme.
4. INTERM EDIA TE ITALIAN.
Readings from Dante’s Inferno.
5-6. INTRODUCTION TO MODERN ITALIAN LITERA TU RE.
Representative texts of modern Italian writers.
Footnote:
The department does not offer a major or minor in Italian.
There are no honors seminars in Italian.
Not more than one Italian course is usually offered in any given year and plans
for the study of Italian should be carefully made in consultation with the
department.
Spanish
All students offering Spanish for entrance are placed at the level where they
will presumably profit best by the course according to their rating in the College
Entrance examination or a test given by the department.
Spanish may be offered as a major or a minor in course or in honors work.
Prerequisites and recommended supporting subjects are the same for both course
and honors students and are as follows:
Required:
Spanish 5-6 Introduction to Literature.
Recommended supporting subjects:
Introduction to Philosophy, Psychology, English or another foreign or classic
literature, Fine Arts, South American History.
Majors are expected to speak Spanish with sufficient fluency to take part in dis
cussion in courses and seminars in the language and to pass an oral comprehensive
or oral honors examination in Spanish.
C ourses
1-2. ELEM ENTARY SPANISH.
For students who begin Spanish in college. Equivalent to two years’ Spanish
in high school. The emphasis is both on the spoken language and on
reading.
145
3-4. IN TERM EDIA TE SPANISH.
For students who have had Spanish 1-2 or its equivalent (two years in
high school). Students who have had three years usually enter Spanish 4.
Grammar is reviewed. Reading is from Spanish and South American litera
ture with emphasis on increasing the student’s vocabulary and his ability to
discuss his reading in oral and written Spanish.
5-6. INTRODUCTION TO SPANISH LITERA TU RE.
Representative texts of modem Spanish and Latin American writers. Con
ducted in Spanish with frequent written work in Spanish.
11. ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND DICTION.
For majors and others who wish an advanced course in which the emphasis
is not primarily literary. An effort is made to correct faulty pronunciation and
to improve self expression in the language both oral and written.
12. LA NOVELA ESPAÑOLA D E L SIGLO XIX.
Outstanding novelists from Fernán Caballero to Blasco Ibafiez.
13. E L PERÍODO ROMÁNTICO.
Plays, poems and novels of major Spanish writers of the first half of the
nineteenth century.
14. LA NOVELA HISPANONAMERIGANA.
Representative novelists from Mármol in Argentina to Revueltas in Mexico.
15-16. LAS OBRAS D E CERVANTES.
Novelas ejemplares. The Quixote. (A year course giving a thorough study of
Cervantes. The first semester may stand alone.)
17. LA POESIA HISPANOAMERICANA.
Some precursors of Modernism; Modernism; contemporaries.
18. SPECIAL TOPICS FO R SENIOR MAJORS.
Readings selected to fit the needs of seniors and to supplement their selection
of courses. Not designed to prepare for any specific type of comprehensive
examination, but to give an opportunity in the senior year for the student
to see his courses in perspective and to see possible relationships to work
in other fields.
Seminars
LA NOVELA HISPANOAMERICANA.
LA NOVELA ESPAÑOLA D E L SIGLO XIX.
LAS OBRAS D E CERVANTES.
E L PERÍODO ROMÁNTICO.
F ootnote: While the titles of seminars in Spanish correspond to the titles of
courses, honors students read more extensively both in the texts and critical work.
The work of a seminar corresponds to that of two courses.
146
Russian Studies
The Russian Studies program, inaugurated in the fall of the 1949 at Bryn Mawr,
Haverford and Swarthmore Colleges, has been made possible by a grant of
$105,000 from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. As a part of this
program, Swarthmore will offer courses in the Russian language and in Russian
history in 1949-50. In addition, it is hoped that at least one course exclusively
devoted to the political and economic institutions of the U. S. S. R. will be
offered in 1950-51.
Courses in this group cannot themselves comprise a major subject. Courses
in the Russian language may be used to fulfill the college s language require
ment. Courses in Russian history and in Russian political and economic institu
tions may be counted toward a major or minor in the departments offering them.
(These courses are listed under their appropriate departments.)
R ussian L anguage
1-2 ELEM ENTARY RUSSIAN. Miss Lamkert.
Full Course
This course deals with the fundamentals of the Russian language, both
written and spoken. Grammar, simple Russian prose and oral practice.
3. IN TERM EDIA TE RUSSIAN. Miss Lamkert.
H alf Course
Grammar review and composition. Reading in texts of average difficulty.
4. IN TERM EDIA TE RUSSIAN. Miss Lamkert.
H alf Course
A continuation of course 3. Literary and cultural material is included in
the readings.
History
14. RUSSIA. Mr. von Laue.
H alf Course
The history of modern Russia. For sophomores, juniors and seniors. The
course begins with the reign of Peter and gives half its time to the
period since the Revolution. It may be taken only after History 1-2.
147
Zoology
Professob: R obert K. E nders, Chairman
Associate Professors: W alter J. Scott
Neal A. W eber
Assistant Professors: L aunce J. F lemister
J ae L. L ittrell
Norman A. Meinkoth
I nstructor: Sarah C . F lemister
Through its elementary course the Department of Zoology introduces the
student to the fundamental properties of protoplasm and the systematic classifica
tion of animals with particular emphasis on the structural features as related to
habitat and mode of life.
Following this broad review of the animal kingdom, the material is taken up in
two different ways: first, specific aspects of the broad subjects are treated in a
comparative manner as in Anatomy and Physiology; second, broader aspects of
a specific subject are treated as in Entomology, Parasitology and Embryology.
The structural and functional consideration is extended to include problems
of interdependence of animals in the structure and function of an animal society
and the influence of physical, chemical and biological factors in the survival of
that society.
R equirements
for
M ajors
and
M inors
Students in course with a major in Zoology should complete during four years
the following: two courses in chemistry, one course in physics, one course in
mathematics and two courses in a modern language (German preferred, although
two courses in French will be acceptable), and four courses in Zoology. Genetics
or advanced botany may be substituted for one advanced zoology course.
The student should complete in the first two years the required chemistry,
physics, mathematics, language, and three half courses in Biology and Zoology.
The departmental requirements of two courses in chemistry and one in physics
constitute a minor for Zoology majors.
Students in course with a minor in Zoology must complete six half courses
in Biology and Zoology.
1-2. GENERAL BIOLOGY. Mr. Enders, Mrs. Flemister, Mr. Livingston.
Full Course
An introduction to the study of living things. A consideration of the prop
erties of protoplasm and the structure of the cell; a brief survey of living
forms both plant and animal. The methods by which animals and plants
maintain themselves, grow and reproduce, and a discussion of the mechan
ism of heredity. Some time will be devoted to the interrelationships of
plants and animals in communities, and the place of man in the whole
structure. Evidence for and against theories of evolution will be discussed.
Two lectures and one discussion period, one three-hour laboratory per week.
148
11. COMPARATIVE VERTEBRA TE ANATOMY. Mr. Meinkoth, Mr. Weber.
H alf Course
This course normally follows General Biology. It deals with the comparative
and unique aspects of the anatomy of the integument, skeleton, muscular,
digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory and nervous systems of the
various vertebrate types. Classification, phylogeny and adaptive radiation
are considered with stress placed on anatomical adaptations to the various
habitats. The protochordates, lamprey, dogfish, necturus and cat are studied
as representative forms in the laboratory. The course has three lecture and
two laboratory meetings per week. This course is among those required
by medical schools.
12. ELEM ENTARY PHYSIOLOGY. Mr. Scott.
H alf Course
A consideration of the physiology of muscle, nerve, circulation, respiration,
central nervous system, special senses and digestion; the treatment is
designed to give a broad understanding of the mechanism of the vertebrate
body. In the laboratory standard experiments on living tissue are performed.
Two lectures, one conference and one laboratory period per week.
Prerequisite: 1-2 General Biology.
51. HISTOLOGY. Miss Littrell.
H alf Course
This course consists of a detailed study of the microscopic structure of
vertebrate tissues, together with the functions of such tissues. In the labor
atory the student examines both prepared and living material, and becomes
familiar with the principles of microtechniques. Three lectures and two
laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisites: 1-2 General Biology.
52. EMBRYOLOGY. Miss Littrell.
H alf Course
A study of development of vertebrate anatomy. The lectures are concerned
with an investigation of the events which precede development, an analysis
of the development processes, and a brief survey of the contributions of
the field of experimental embryology. Laboratory periods are devoted
to the embryology of the frog, chick and pig. Three lectures and two labor
atory periods per week.
Prerequisites: 1-2 General Biology.
53. ENTOMOLOGY. Mr. Weber.
H alf Course
The study of insects and their relatives, their morphological and physiolog
ical adaptations and their effect on man. Each student will prepare a
study collection from field trips.
54. BIOLOGY O F PARASITISM. Mr. Meinkoth.
H alf Course
A consideration of parasitology with reference to evolution and adaptation
to the parasitic habit. Surveys are made of parasites in native animals.
Classification, life cycles and epidemiology are reviewed.
Prerequisites: 11 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy and junior standing.
55. FIELD , ZOOLOGY. Mr. Weber.
H alf Course
Emphasis is on the living animals as they occur in nature, their systematics,
relationships to the environment, habits and distribution. Most of the work
will be done on field trips.
149
56. IN VERTEBRA TE ZOOLOGY. Mr. Meinkoth.
H alf Course
A course designed to acquaint the student with the fundamental morphology,
classification, phylogeny and special problems of the invertebrate phyla.
Three lectures and two laboratories per week. Occasional field trips.
Prerequisite: 11 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy.
57. COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY. Mr. Flemister.
H alf Course
A course of lectures and laboratory experiments treating functional processes
from the standpoint of adaptation of the animal to its environment. These
processes in representative animals are compared in order to follow their
elaboration from the more general to the more specialized. Two lectures,
one conference and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisites: Comparative Anatomy and Organic Chemistry. Offered in Fall
term.
58. PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY. Mr. Flemister.
H alf Course
A course of lectures, discussions and laboratory experiments concerning the
physiological adaptations of representative animals to environmental stress.
Requirements and availability of optimum conditions of temperature, oxygen,
foodstuffs and the maintenance of ionic independence are critically appraised.
More than half of the laboratory work is done in the field. Two lectures, one
conference and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisite: 57 Comparative Physiology. Offered Spring term of even years.
59. NEURO-ANATOMY. Mr. Scott.
H alf Course
This course is planned to give an account of the structure and something
of the functioning of the central nervous system of man. In the discussions
special attention is given where possible to consideration of the comparative
features of the evolution of the central nervous system. One laboratory
period and one three-hour conference per week.
Prerequisites: Comparative Anatomy and Physiology.
61. BIOLOGY O F TH E V ERTEBRA TES. Mr. Enders.
H alf Course
A course designed to integrate the student’s knowledge in abstract sciences
with living animals, both captive and wild. Field work is especially stressed
during the warmer months.
Open to zoology senior majors only.
63-64. SPECIAL TOPICS. Staff.
Full or H alf Course
For advanced students. Open to those who, on account of fitness, have
arranged a program of special work in the department.
Honors W ork
A student with a major in zoology and a minor in chemistry, or a minor in
chemistry and physics must complete in the first two years the following: three
half courses in zoology (including 1 -2 ), two courses in chemistry, one course in
mathematics (11 and 12 required for advanced chemistry and physics) and two
courses in German (preferred) or French. Honors students majoring in zoology
normally take four seminars in zoology, with the remaining seminars usually in
botany, chemistry, physics, mathematics and psychology.
150
Prerequisites for students in the honors curriculum with a minor in zoology
consists of three half courses in biology and zoology ( including 1-2). In addition,
seminars in physiology require one course in physics and chemistry through
organic chemistry.
Sem inars: The following seminars prepare students for examinations for a
degree with Honors.
BIOLOGY O F PARASITISM. Mr. Meinkoth.
An intensified version of course 54 with emphasis on individual student
projects, and an acquaintance with both the classic problems and the cur
rent literature dealing with the phenomenon of parasitism.
CYTOLOGY. Miss Littrell.
A study of the structure and function of the cell. Living material will be
examined and the modern microscopical techniques employed in the
laboratory.
EMBRYOLOGY. Mr. Enders or Miss Littrell.
An analysis of reproduction and development. The laboratory work includes
individual projects by the students, a study of developmental anatomy of
the chick and pig, and the observation of living material under normal
and experimental conditions.
PHYSIOLOGY (for Zoology Majors). Mr. Flemister.
An intensive consideration of the physical and chemical phenomena under
lying the function of animals. A comparative approach is maintained in
order to consider the progression from more general to the more specialized
adjustments, acclimatizations and adaptations of animals to physical, chem
ical and biological stresses in the environment. The terminal portion of the
laboratory program is devoted to the pursuit of original, independent work
by the student. Prerequisites for this seminar are courses in Comparative
Anatomy and Organic Chemistry. One afternoon of discussion and one full
day in the laboratory per week. Offered in the Fall term.
PHYSIOLOGY (for non-Zoology Majors). Mr. Flemister.
A general consideration of the functional processes in animals with emphasis
placed on mammals and other vertebrates. The aspects of adaptation of the
animal to environmental stress are treated in such a way as to serve the
individual student’s area of concentration. A portion of the laboratory
program is devoted to original, independent investigation on a specific
problem of interest to the student. In preparation an introductory course
in Zoology is desirable. One afternoon of discussion and one full day in
the laboratory per week. Offered in the Spring term of alternate years.
SPECIAL TOPICS. The Staff.
Open to students who, having satisfied all requirements, desire further
work in the department. Frequently this will include acting as junior assist
ants in the research of staff members.
151
REFERENCE
SECTION
A directory of the students and faculty of Swarthmore College may
be obtained by writing to the Registrar.
Visiting Honors Examiners — May 1949
BO TAN Y: D r . Philip R. W hite , Institute for Cancer Research.
C H E M IST R Y : Professor E rnst B erliner , Bryn Mawr College;
Professor E dward H aenisch, Villanova College.
ECO N O M ICS: Professor E m ile D espres, Williams College; Pro
fessor F ritz M achlup, Johns Hopkins University; D r . R obert
B. W arren, The Institute for Advanced Study.
E N G IN E E R IN G : Professor W alter J ohnson, Princeton University;
Professor R oy F. L insenmeyer, Swarthmore College; Professor
W illiam E. W ood, Swarthmore College.
E N G L ISH : Professor W allace A. B acon, Northwestern University;
Professor C arlos B aker, Princeton University; Professor R ob
ert E. Spiller , University of Pennsylvania.
F IN E A R TS: Professor Helmut von E rffa , Rutgers University.
H ISTO R Y: Professor J. B. B rebner, Columbia University; Professor
J ohn L. L a M onte, University of Pennsylvania; Professor E lting
E. M orison, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Professor
Henry L. R oberts, Columbia University; Professor F red V.
C ahill, J r ., Yale University.
M A TH EM A TIC S ir ASTRONOM Y: Professor H ans R ademacher,
University of Pennsylvania; Professor J an S chilt, Rutherford
Observatory, Columbia University; Professor A. W. T ucker,
Princeton University.
PHILO SO PHY: Professor Maurice M andelbaum, Dartmouth Col
lege; P rofessor E rnest Nagel, Columbia University; Professor
L edger W ood, Princeton University.
PH YSICS: Professor F ranzo H. C rawford, Williams College; Pro
fessor W illiam F. S tephens, University of Pennsylvania.
P O L IT IC A L S C IE N C E : Professor F red V. C ahill, J r ., Yale Uni
versity; D ean J ohn H. F erguson, T he N ew School for Social
Research; D r . G. B ernard Noble, Department of State.
PSYCH O LO G Y: Professor T amara D embo , T he N ew School for
Social Research; D r . E ugenia H anfmann, Harvard University;
Professor R obert W. L eeper , University of Oregon; D r . Helen
B lock L ewis , T h e New School for Social Research; Professor
F illmore S anford, H averford College; Professor H einz
W erner, Clark University.
154
RO M ANCE LA N G U A G ES: Professor C arlos C laveria, University
of Pennsylvania; Professor W ilbur M. F rohock, Columbia Uni
versity.
ZOOLOGY: Professor D avid W. B ishop, University of Massachu
setts; Professor George L. Graham, School of Veterinary M edi
cine, University of Pennsylvania; Professor F rederick H,
M cCutcheon, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania.
Degrees Conferred
January 30, 1949
B achelor
of
Arts
In the Division of the Humanities
M argaret
“R obert Gilbert H aney (H is
M acL aren
(Psychology)
tory)
R obert
W a r ren
J ea n M ic h e n e r N ic h o l so n
Hillegass
(English)
(English)
T homas
L ouise
V ictor
Jr.
E dward B urns Shaw, J r . (Eng
H o u lber g
Paul Victor W ilson (Philos
H odges,
lish)
(Psychology)
N o rm a n
L lo yd
ophy)
(Spanish)
In the Division of the Social Sciences
“D onald Gluck Oyler (Political
George Allen B arnwell (Po
Science)
litical Science)
R ichard
C h a r l e s B r a d f ie l d B odine
Philip M organ D rury
Schoepperle
R obert J ules R ossheim (E c o
(E c o
nomics )
nomics )
D ouglas R obert Spitz
D onald J ay G ordon (Political
(H is
tory)
Science)
W illiam J ames Hbrsch (E c o
“Andrew W arren W eil (Politi
cal Science)
nomics )
Ann W insor K illough (E c o
“L awrence Ash Yearsley (E c o
nomics)
nomics)
As of June
Klein
( Economics)
(History)
6,
1948.
155
In the Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
J oseph
C arlyle
C harlotte
D’Annunzio
L ouise
G arceau
(Mathematics & Astronomy).
(Psychology)
George D udley, J r .
George
(M athe
R ichardson
L ederer
(M athematics)
matics )
B achelor
of
Science
In the Division of Engineering
Gerald
E rnest
Achtermann
M urray
Grieve
Charles J ohn Hesner (E le c
Albertso n
trical Engineering)
(Civil Engineering)
N orman W illiam B aker (Civil
W illiam M cK ay M oore (E le c
trical Engineering)
cal Engineering)
E dward Allen B urroughs, J r .
(Civil Engineering)
R obert T. C olyer (Mechanical
Engineering)
W alter C osinuke (Mechanical
Engineering)
F remont, J r .
(Mechanical Engineering)
6,
Arnold I rving K rell (Electri
cal Engineering)
chanical Engineering)
J ohn B rierley B lose (Electri
* As of June
Arthur L incoln K aplan ( Elec
trical Engineering)
Engineering)
R obert B urke B enham (M e
R obert F rank
Rex I nglis Gary, J r . (Electrical
Engineering)
(Mechanical Engineering)
1948.
156
Charles L ewis Starbuck (M e
chanical Engineering)
Henry E dward T em ple (M e
chanical Engineering)
D avid R utter W ork (Mechani
cal Engineering)
Degrees Conferred
June 6, 1949
B achelor
of
Arts
In the Division of Humanities
M ary
R obert Martin Amussen (Eng
lish)
J ean M arion Ashmead (H igh
B unting
F allin
(Psy
chology)
M ary J ean F inch (History)
R uth F riedenthal (Psychology)
D avid C. Grier ( H igh Honors—
H onors—F rench)
J ames Kendall B lake (English)
E dmund Addison B owles (Music)
R obert B rentano (Highest H on
English)
Sara M argaret Gwynn (E n g
ors—History)
lish)
J oann B roadhurst (History)
D oris J eanette C ampbell ( Eng
lish)
W alter L eo C arel (Honors—
R achel D iana T hies Hare (Psy
chology)
Charles
Allan Herndon, J r .
( English)
Psychology)
Alice Heyroth (History)
L ester C alloway H unt,
J ane M orfoot Chapman (E n g
lish)
J ohn Holt Claney (English)
Alice B roadus Clifford (Psy
J r.
(H istory)
Athalia
C r a w fo rd
J amison
(English)
chology)
J ohn S tewart J ohnson (Honors
H arriet R. C ohen (Honors—Psy
chology )
F orrest Starr C ompton (E n g
lish)
Charles M axmillian C onver
(H istory)
L loyd R utherford Craighill,
—English)
E va F rieda K och (H igh Honors
—Romance Languages)
E lizabeth
Albright
K schinka
(English)
E leanor M aie L acy (Honors—
Psychology)
J r . (Philosophy)
Nancy Claire C roft (English)
J anet Crum (Psychology)
J oan L ynne D avis (H igh Honors
—Spanish)
W alter S. R. D ickinson, J r .
(H igh Honors—English)
Selma J ane E ble (Psychology)
B arbara E dith L ea (English)
J oan L e V ino (Fine Arts)
J ohn H alsey L irio (French)
Susan Mehrer L urie (H igh Hon
ors—Psychology)
D orothy
157
(History)
L ouise
M cC loskey
Gene E lton M cC ormick (H on
ors—English)
O r v il l e
G eo r g e
M cM illan
(English)
W illiam H. M atchett (Highest
H onors—English)
Sara-Page Merritt (Psychology)
E llen H ope M eyer (Honors—
English)
B arbara H olly M uller (L atin )
J ames Akin Naismith (English)
B arbara Ann Nelson (Germ an)
Pamela M adeleine Norris (Eng
lish)
• ogy)
M aralyn R ose O rbison (E n g
lish)
T homas F ranz Alfred Plaut
(H igh Honors—Psychology)
J ohn Marshall Pratt (English)
D avid C oleman R edding (E n g
lish)
L aura
Marie Gabrielle Staub (High
Honors—English)
Ann Stewart (English)
George Austin T est (English)
George F ranklin T ownes (Ger
man)
C atherine T ruman Underhill
(Spanish)
L awrence W eiskrantz ( Highest
H onors—Psychology)
M argaret Spencer W hite
(F rench)
R uth M arie W ilcox (Psychol-
G w en d o ly n
R eppert
(English)
G ordon H lnsey R owe, J r . (H on
J oan U ppjngton W illiams (Psy
chology)
Andrea W olf (History)
J ulia M ay W olf (English)
K athryn L oretta W olfe (Eng
lish)
J udith Charmian W olfson
(P sychology)
Sarah Cadwallader W ood
(F rench)
ors—Philosophy)
In the Division of the Social Sciences
E lizabeth Ann Alderfer (Psy
chology)
R obert Nelson Alfandre (H is
tory)
R olf O tto Amann (Econom ics)
W illiam D aughety Amis (Psy
chology)
D avid E verett Armington ( H igh
D avid
Cromwell
B eardslee
( Highest Honors—Psychology )
B arbara Anne B eebe (H igh
Honors—Economics )
R oger B irdsell, Jp. (Honors—
History)
R obert C harles B leke (Psy
chology)
T heodore R alph B romwell
Honors—Political Science)
W inston Sherman B ailey (E c o
( Honors—History )
M iles J anney B rown (Econom
nomics
Stephen F rancis B arker (H ig h
ics)
Priscilla B uck (Econom ics)
est Honors—Philosophy)
158
W illiam W aldo H ayes, J r .
E dwin M onroe B ush, J r . (E c o
(Philosophy)
J ohn H erbert Hoskins (Political
Science)
Henry P aul H ouser (Honors—
History)
M an K yu H yun (Political
Science)
B rooks J ackson (History)
Herbert K aiser (Honors—
History)
Lois L ael Kelly (Political
Science)
J ohn I rving Kennedy (H igh
Honors—Philosophy)
J oyce B aldwin K idder (Highest
Honors—History)
nomics )
D avid Mark Chalmers ( H igh
Honors—History)
J ohn Horner C hapman (E c o
nomics )
George L i -Seng Chen ( HonorsHistory)
R obert A. C hristie
( Honors—
History)
E dward M ansfield Clark (E c o
nomics)
Ann
T hacher
C larke
(H igh
Honors—Philosophy)
W illiam Anderson C larke, J r .
(Econom ics)
Samuel H amilton D ay, J r .
M orton C owling K imball
(H igh H onors-Political Science)
(H istory)
Herbert H erman D ecker
R ichard W illiam Kirschner
(Political Science)
(H ighHonors—Political Science)
J ames M organ D olliver ( H igh
J ohn L add (H igh Honors—
Honors—Political Science)
Political Science)
C orinne J ennifer E dwards
B etty J o L arsh (Psychology)
George W illiam L loyd
(History)
W illiam B uth E ldredge
(Econom ics)
(Honors—Political Science)
J oan E llwood ( Honors —
Economics)
R ichard P ancoast L ongaker
(Political Science)
T homas B ayard M cC abe, J r .
R ichard W hittaker E verett
(Econom ics)
R obert L eslie M cCoy, J r .
(Econom ics)
M ichael J ohn F abrikant
( Honors—Economics)
(Political Science)
J oyce F avorite ( Honors—
History)
R obert F orster ( H igh Honors—
History)
W illiam J ames M cM illan
(H ighest Honors—History)
F rank Arnold M iller (Honors—
History)
B lair Alexander M offett
(Political Science)
Herbert H alsey F rost
(Econom ics)
W illiam A. H aas (Econom ics)
J ames Arthur Mumper
(Political Science)
159
E dwin George Nicholson
W arren Clarke Skipp (History)
W illiam J ohn Spangler
(H istory)
M ary C ushing Niles ( H igh
(History)
Honors—Political Science)
R ichard Arthur S pierling
R obert H enry Parks
(History)
(Econom ics)
Gavin P. Spofford
E dward B etts Perkins
(Econom ics)
( Econom ics)
D avid S. P ollen (Political
Science)
Chalmers C lark Stroup, J r .
(H istory)
Alan B utler T homas, J r .
C olgate Selden Prentice ( H igh
Honors—Political Science)
(Econom ics)
Paul B arton T rescott (Highest
R uth L ouise Pretzat
H onors—History)
( Econom ics)
L isbeth R osa W ertheimer
F remont Goeffert R edfield
(H igh Honors—Psychology)
( Econom ics)
W illiam Henry W ill
Alan L ee R einstein (H igh
(Political Science)
Honors—Political Science)
E dward R ivlin (Political
Science)
K ay I ris R opp (History)
T heodore P aul W right, J r .
(HighHonors—Political Science)
Hersch L ieb Zitt (History)
W illiam M arkham Selden
(Political Science)
In the Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
B arbara L eigh Aeschltman
R ichard W endell C onner
(Zoology)
(M athematics)
W alter E dwin Ahrens
Arden F . C ordray (Mathematics)
E dwin W alter D ennison
(Zoology)
J anet L owe Anderson
( Mathematics)
(Zoology)
D aniel Paul D etwiler (Physics)
J ane de V ries (Zoology)
J oanne E llen D onovan
D aniel Newson B eshers
( Honors—Mathematics)
R obert K. B issell (Psychology)
J ohn W ells B race
( Mathematics)
(Zoology)
J acques R obert J oussot D ubien
(Chemistry)
K atherine B urt (M athematics)
Charles Meigs B ush (Zoology)
George W illiam C arow
(M athematics)
E rnst E pstein (Chemistry)
H ans E. J ohn F eigl (Biology)
R ichard S tuart Green (H igh
Honors—Zoology)
160
Louis Nathan R ashin (H igh
H onors—Philosophy)
J eannette L ouise H aas
( Mathematics)
W alter W oodward S anville
E ric Gustav H einemann ( H igh
( H onors—Physics)
Honors—Psychology)
R ichard Henry H offman
K athleen Morris Scott
( Mathematics)
(Zoology)
Alfred Curtis Hunting
J oel L awrence Siner (Honors—
( H onors—Physics)
Zoology)
R uth R ebecca Struik (H igh
W ilmer Atkinson J enkins, II
( H igh Honors—Chemistry)
Honors—Mathematics)
Gloria L ane (Zoology)
W alter Hess L eser ( H igh
J oyce C onover Sutherland
Honors—Mathematics)
C harles E arl T aylor, J r .
(Zoology)
C arl Ansell L evinson ( H igh
(Zoology)
R obert Hugh T aylor, J r .
Honors—Physics)
W illiam L ewis L ighten
( Mathematics)
M argaret Ann T homson
(H igh Honors—Physics)
Anne D illard M cL aren
(Zoology)
Samuel J udah T odes
(Chemistry)
Paul Christoph M angelsdorf,
(Psychology)
Gertrude E lizabeth Urey
J r . (H igh Honors—Mathematics)
M arjorie L ouise Merwin
(H igh Honors—Mathematics)
Heinz V alttn (Zoology)
K ai-Chung M aurice W an
( Mathematics)
J ohn L ogan Need ( H igh
Honors—Physics)
(Zoology)
R obert Zane Norman (Honors—
L ee Grant W entling, J r .
Mathematics)
( Mathematics)
D ean Peabody (H igh Honors—
B etty L ee W hite
Psychology)
( Mathematics)
J ordan B ernard R abin (Honors—
D ouwe B usey Y ntema (Physics)
Mathematics)
B achelor
of
Science
In the Division of Engineering
R obert Otis B rown (Mechanical
J ohn W yman F iske (Electrical
Engineering)
Engineering)
W illiam L indsay C ornog, J r .
B uckley R. G arrett (Civil
(Civil Engineering)
Herbert Shalom D ordick
Engineering
J ane M asson Gross (Electrical
(Electrical Engineering)
Engineering)
161
T homas Gilbert Nichols
H oward S othoron G illiams
(Electrical Engineering)
(Civil Engineering)
W illiam H unter, J r .
(Mechanical Engineering)
W illiam B ates J ameson (Civil
Engineering)
C hristian H arald Pedersen
(Mechanical Engineering)
H oward Y. Pennell
(Electrical Engineering)
T homas R obinson S aunders
Clem Myron K ashmar
(Mechanical Engineering)
(Electrical Engineering)
D avid Purdy S chofield (Civil
Philip Nessen Kniskern
Engineering)
( Electrical Engineering)
W illiam C harles S chweikle
R oy F rederick Knudsen
(Mechanical Engineering)
(Electrical Engineering)
J ackson T aylor (Civil
J ohn B rampton K oelle
Engineering)
(Electrical Engineering)
L ars O. Ulfsparre (Electrical
F rederick W illiam L ehman
Engineering)
(Mechanical Engineering)
F rank J ohn L udemann
T homas Peter V ilushis
(Electrical Engineering)
Stephen Mucha (Mechanical
Engineering)
R ichard W are W alkling
C arl Gerhard Mueller
D a vid K. W it h e f o r d (C iv il
(Electrical Engineering)
(Electrical Engineering)
Engineering)
(Mechanical Engineering)
L eo George W oerner, J r . (H on
Albert T homas M ukri
ors—Electrical Engineering)
(Mechanical Engineering)
M a st e r of Arts
Shirley H eckheimer H einemann
Alexander W eisz (Psychology)
(Psychology)
162
Geographical Distribution of Students
1949-1950
Pennsylvania..................
New York .........
New Jersey .........
Massachusetts .....................................
Illinois ...................................................
Maryland..............................................
Connecticut........
District of Columbia .........
California ..............
Indiana ...........
M ichigan..........
Virginia ...............
F lorid a.................
West Virginia .....
Wisconsin .....
Missouri ..............
D elaw are.............
Minnesota .............
Colorado ...............
North Carolina.....
New Hampshire........
Iowa ...................
Washington........
Kentucky..............
Nebraska..............
South Dakota .......
Alabama ................
Georgia ...............
Louisiana............
Maine ..............
Rhode Island ..........
Tennessee .........
Vermont ............
South Carolina .......
Montana ...............
Oregon ..............
New Mexico .................
Oklahoma .................
.........
Germany ........................
49
40
35
C h in a..........................
England ...
Netherlands
Australia ....
15
Ja p a n .........
Venezuela .....................
Ita ly ..........
Kenya ........
Lebanon ...................
Netherlands West Indies .....
Palestine ......
Puerto Rico ...
Syria .......................
Wales ..............
A
Total of U. S. students .......
Grand Total ..............
163
Total of others ..............
7
4
3
4
3
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
42
Bibliography of Swarthmore College
1939rl949
Aydelotte, F rank
Breaking the Academic Lockstep; the Development of Honors Work in
American Colleges and Universities, N. Y., Harper, 1944. 183 p.
B lanshahd, B rand
Two Swarthmore Presidents. F rien ds In telligen cer, v. 97, p. 671-73, 687-89.
Oct. 19-26, 1940.
C arter, B oyd G.
Swarthmore under Frank Aydelotte. A ssociation o f A m erican C olleges B u lle
tin. v. 28, p. 316-19. May 1942.
E nion, R uth C.
The Intellectual Incubation of a Quaker College, 1868-1903. A Critical
Appraisal of the Educational Philosophy of Swarthmore College. Swarth
more, Pa. 1944. 89 p. Thesis (B .A .) Typewritten.
F ishman, H. M.
P-Bina studies with Uncle Sam; Chinese Naval Students at Swarthmore.
T ravel, v. 84, p. 18-19. March 1945.
Gager, C harles S.
Theatres, Gardens and Horticulture. S cien ce, v. 95, p. 635-39. June 26, 1942.
G oing C oncern. Time. v. 35, p. 42-43. March 4, 1940.
M cI ntosh, M ark, Compiler.
Sixty-five Years of Athletics at Swarthmore College, 1875-1939. Swarthmore,
Pa., 1939. Typewritten.
Nason, J ohn W.
Cooperation between Haverford, Bryn Mawr and Swarthmore. H averford
R eview , v. 1, p. 4-7. Autumn 1941.
Nicholson, Arnold W .
People’s Garden. Saturday E vening Post. v. 217, p. 26-27. April 14, 1945.
Palmer , Samuel C.
Convolvulus wallichiana at Swarthmore. R hodora. v. 47, Nov, 1945.
164
Shaw, Charles B.
Library Cooperation between Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore.
H averford R eview , v. 1, p. 24-26. Summer 1942.
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
The Inauguration of John William Nason as President of Swarthmore College, October 26, 1940. In B u lletin o f Sw arthm ore C olleg e, v. 38, no. 5- First
Month 1941. 63 p.
S warthmore College F aculty
Adventure in Education: Swarthmore College under Frank Aydelotte. N. Y
Macmillan, 1941. 236 p.
W alton, J ean B.
Recent Changes in Group Activities Program at Swarthmore College. Journal
o f th e N ational A ssociation o f D eans o f W om en, v. 6, p. 164-65. June 1943.
W ister , J ohn C.
The Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foundation: a Ten Year Historv: Januray 1, 1930 to December 31, 1939. In B ulletin o f Sw arthm ore C ollege.
v. 37, no. 5. Sixth Month 1940. 89 p.
165
Index
Absence from Classes, 60
Absence from Collection, 61
Absence from Examination, 62
Academic Requirements,
committee on, 62
Addams, Jane, Peace Collection ( See
Swarthmore College Peace Collec
tion)
Administrative Officers, 20-22
Admissions Procedure, 28-31
Application Dates, 31
Scholastic Aptitude and Achieve
ment Tests, 30, 31
School Subjects- Recommended,
29-30
Advanced Degrees, 64-65
Advanced Standing, 30
Advisers, 48
Alumnae Scholarship, 35
Alumni Field, 172
Alumni Office, 48
Arthur Hoyt Scott Auditorium, 172
Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foun
dation, 44
Astronomical Observatories, 41, 118, 172
Astronomy, Courses in, 118
Atkinson (Barclay G .) Scholarship, 39
Atkinson (Rebecca M .) Scholarship, 39
Attendance at Classes and Collection, 60
Automobiles, Regulations concerning, 63
Awards and Prizes, 66-67
Bachelor of Arts Degree, 63
Bachelor of Science Degree, 63
Baker, (George F . ) Scholarships, 33
Beardsley Hall, 172
Benjamin West House, 45, 172
Benjamin W est Society, 45
Bibliography of Swarthmore, 1930-1948,
164-165
Biddle Memorial Library, Honorary
Curators of, 22
Board of Managers, Committees of, 9
Board of Managers, Members of, 8
Bond Memorial, 172
Book Bill, 32
Botany, Courses in, 68, 69
B uildings, 172
Activities and Class Lodges
Astronomical Observatories
Bartol Research Foundation
Bassett House
Beardsley Hall
Benjamin West House
Biddle Memorial Library
Bond Memorial
Chemisby, Hall of
Faculty Residences
Field House
Hall Gymnasium
Hicks Hall
Isaac H. Clothier Memorial
Library Building
Martin (Edward) Biological
Laboratory
Meeting House
Palmer Hall
Pittenger Hall
Parrish Hall
Roberts Hall
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Outdoor
Auditorium
Somerville Hall ( Gymnasium
Women)
Sproul Observatory
Students’ Observatory
Swimming Pools
Thomas House
Trotter Hall
Wharton Hall
Woolman House
Worth Hall
Bunting (E llaFrances) Extemporam
Speaking Contest, 66
Calendar, College, 5
Index
Calendar, Lunar, 4
Catherwood Fellowship, 67
Chemistry, Courses in, 73-77
Chi Omega Scholarship, 39
Churches, 46
Classical Scholarships, 38
Class Lodges, Women’s, 172
Class of 1913 Loan Fund, 40
Class of 1915 Scholarship Fund, 37
Class of 1916 Loan Fund, 40
Classics, Courses in, 78-81
Clothier (Isaac H .) Memorial, 172
Collection, 46
Collection Attendance, Regulation con
cerning, 61
College Community, 24, 45-49
College Entrance Examinations, 30-31
College Jobs, 33
Committees of the Board of Managers,
9
Committees of the Faculty, 19
Comprehensive Examinations, 53, 56, 64
Conditions, 61
Cooper (Sarah Kaighn) Scholarship, 35
Cooper (William J.) Foundation, 43, 44
Cooperation with Neighboring Institu
tions, 24, 147
Corporation, Officers of, 8
Course Advisers, 48, 53
Courses of I nstruction, 69-151
Botany, 70-72
Chemistry, 73-77
Classics, 78-81
Economics, 82-84
Engineering, 85-97
Civil, 88-90
Electrical, 91-95
Mechanical, 95-97
English Literature, 98-102
Fine Arts, 103-105
German, 106-108
History, 109-113
Mathematics and Astronomy, 114-
120
Music, 121-122
Philosophy and Religion, 123-127
Physical Education for Men, 128
Physical Education for Women,
129-130
Physics, 131-132
Political Science, 133-135
Psychology and Education, 136-141
Romance Languages, 142-146
Russian Studies, 147
Zoology, 148-151
Crane Prize, 66
Curators of Biddle Memorial Library, 22
Cutting (Bronson M .) Collection, 45
D egrees , 63-65
Advanced Engineering
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Science
Master of Arts
Master of Science
Degrees Conferred, 155-162
Dining Room, 46
Directions for Correspondence, 2
Directions for Reaching the College, 24
Divisions and Departments, 18
Dormitories, 45-46
Dorsey (W illiam) Scholarship, 39
Economics, Courses in, 82-84
Education, Courses in, 140
Education, Physical, 128-130
Educational Program, 24, 28, 49-69
Ellsler (George) Scholarship, 39
Emeritus Professors, 10
Engineering, Courses in, 85-97
Engineering, Degrees in, 64, 65, 86
English Literature, Courses in, 98-102
Entrance Requirements, 28-31
Examination Regulations, 62
Examinations, College Board, 30, 31
168
Index
Exclusion from College, 63
Expenses, 32
Extra and Prescribed Work, 62
Extra-Curricular Activities, 50
Faculty, Members of, 10-17
Faculty Regulations, 60-63
Fees (Tuition, Residence, etc.). 32
Fellowships, 67, 68
Ferguson (Donald Renwick), Scholar
ship, 34
Field House, 172
Fine Arts, Courses in, 103-105
Foreign Language Requirements, 55
Foreign Students, 163
Fox (George) Award, 67
Fraternity Lodges, Men’s 172
French, Courses in, 142-144
Friends’ College Scholarships, 40
Friends Historical Library, 42-43
Friends Meeting, 46
Fry (Elizabeth) Award, 67
Geographical Distribution of Students,
163
German Language and Literature,
Courses in, 106-108
Gillingham (Joseph E .) Fund, 39
Grades, 61-62
Graduation, Requirements for, 63-64
Grants-in-aid, 33
Greek Language and Literature, Courses
in, 78-79
Hayes (John Russell) Poetry Prizes, 67
Health, Care of Student, 46-47
Hicks Hall, 172
Hillborn ( Rachel W .) Scholarship, 37
History, Courses in, 109-113
Honors W ork, 56-59
Admission to, 59
Combinations of Majors and Min
ors, 58-59
Examinations, 53, 57-58, 64
Examiners, 57, 154-155
General Statement, 56-58
Offered in:
Astronomy, 119-120
Botany, 72
Chemistry, 77
Classics, 80-81
Economics, 84
Engineering, 88, 94-95
English Literature, 101-102
Fine Arts, 105
French, 144
German, 108
Greek, 81
History, 112, 113
Latin, 80-81
Mathematics, 116-117
Music, 122
Philosophy, 126-127
Physics, 132
Political Science, 135
Psychology, 140-141
Spanish, 146
Zoology, 150-151
Housing, 24, 45
Infirmaries, 47
Italian, Courses in, 145
Ivins, ( Aaron B .) Scholarships, 34
Ivy Medal, 66
Jane Addams Peace Collection ( See
Swarthmore College Peace Collection)
Johnson (George K. and Sallie K.)
Fund, 36
Kappa Alpha Theta Scholarship Fund,
36
Kovalenko (Jessie Stevenson) Scholar
ship, 36
Latin Language and Literature, Courses
in, 79
Leedom (Hannah A.) Fellowship, 68
169
Index
Leedom (Thomas L .) Scholarship, 39
L ibraries , 42-43, 172
Biddle Memorial, 42
College, 42
Friends Historical, 42-43
Lilly (Scott B .) Scholarship, 34
Lippincott (Joshua) Fellowship, 68
Lippincott (Sarah E .) Scholarship, 39
Loans to Students, 33-40-41
Location of the College, 24
Lockwood (John) Memorial Fellow
ship, 68
Longstreth (Mary T .) Scholarship, 36
Lucretia Mott Fellowship, 68
Managers, Board of, 7, 8
Map of College Grounds, 172-173
Martin (Edward) Biological Labora
tory, 172
Mary Lyon School Property, 45, 46
Mathematics, Courses in, 114-118
McCabe Engineering Award, 66
Meeting House, 46
Men’s Executive Committee, 49
Miller (James E .) Scholarship, 38
Miller (John A.) Loan Fund, 41
Moon, Owen, Fund for Public Speak
ing, 67
Morrell (L ois) Poetry Award, 67
Mott (Lucretia) Fellowship, 66
Music, Courses in, 108
Newton (A. Edward) Library Prize,
Oak Leak Medal, 66
Observatories, Astronomical, 118
Open Scholarships for Men, 34
Open Scholarships for Women, 35
Paiste (Harriet) Fund, 36
Palmer Hall, 45, 172
Parrish Hall, 45, 172
Pearson (Paul M .) Loan Fund, 41
66
Perkins (T . H. Dudley) Memorial
Scholarship, 34-35
Philosophy, Courses in, 123-127
Physical Education for Men, 128
Physical Education for Women, 129,
130
Physical Education Requirements, 128130
Physics, Courses in, 131-132
Pittenger Hall, 45, 172
Plan of College Grounds, 172
Policies of Swarthmore College, 25, 28
Political Science, Courses in, 133-135
Pre-Medical Program, 60
Presser Music Scholarships, 39
Preston (Mary Coates) Scholarship
Fund, 36
Prizes, 66-67
Program of StudV, 52-60
For Freshmen and Sophomores,
53-55
For Juniors and Seniors, 55-59
Honors Work, .56-59
Pre-Medical Program, 60
Work in Courses, 55
Psychology, Courses in, 136-141
Public Speaking Prizes, 66
Reeves (Mark E .) Scholarship, 39
Religion, Courses in, 125, 126
Religious Life, 46
Requirements for Admission, 28-31
Requirements for Graduation, 63-64
Work of First Two Years, 53-55
Work of Last Two Years, 55-59
Residence, Regulations concerning, 30,
62-64
Roberts Hall, 46, 172
Romance Languages, Courses in, 142146
Russian Studies, Courses in, 147
Scholarships, List of, 33-40
Index
Scholastic Aptitude Test, 30, 31
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Auditorium, 172
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Horticultural Foun
dation, 44
Serrill (William G. and Mary N .)
Scholarship, 35
Shoemaker (Annie) Scholarship, 35-36
Sicard (Katherine B .) Prize, 66
Sigma Xi Fellowship, 68
Social Committee, 49
Somerville Committee, 49
Spanish, Courses in, 145-146
Sproul (M ary) Scholarship, 39
Sproul Observatory, 118, 172
Squier (Helen) Scholarship, 39
States, Summary of Students by, 163
Student Aid, 33
Student Council, 49
Student’s Handbook, 50
Sullivan (Joseph T .) Scholarship, 39
Summer School Work, 62
Swarthmore College Peace Collection,
43
Swarthmore - College Student Loan
Fund, 41
Swimming Pools, 172
Taylor (Jonathan K.) Scholarship, 38
Thome (Phebe Anna) Fund, 38
Trotter Hall, 150
Tuition and Other Fees, 32
Tuition Plan, 33
Tyson (Martha E .) Fellowship,
68
Underhill (Daniel) Scholarship, 37
Underhill ( Samuel J. ) Scholarship, 34
Vocational Office, 47
West, Benjamin, Society, 45
Westbury Quarterly Meeting Scholar
ship, 38
Wharton Hall, 45, 172
Wharton (Deborah F. Scholarship, 39
White Open Scholarships for Women,
35
Willets (Samuel) Fund, 39
William J. Cooper Foundation, 43, 44
Williams (Ellis D .) Fund, 41
Williamson (I. V .) Scholarships, 40
Wilson (Edward Clarkson) Scholarship,
37
Women’s Student Government Associa
tion, 48
Wood (M ary) Fund, 37
Woodnutt (Thomas) Scholarship, 39
Woolman House, 45-172
Worth Hall, 45-172
Zoology, Courses in, 148-151
171
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
13
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
23
26
27
28
W harton H all
Sproul Observatory
H all Gymnasium
Parrish H all
H ockey F ield
Tennis Courts
Beardsley H all
Science H all
Som erville Gymnasium
C ollege Library and
B iddle M em orial
Library
T he H all o f Chemistry
Students’ Observatory
T he Benjamin W est
H ouse
T he M eeting H ouse
Faculty H ouses
T he P residents H ouse
Swarthm ore F ield
Alumni F ield
Pow er Plant
Em ployees’ Dormitory
T he Swimming Pools
W hittier H ouse
B ook and K ey H ouse
H icks H all
T he R ailroad Station
P hi K appa Psi Fraternity
L odge
D elta Upsilon Fraternity
L odge
P hi Sigma Kappa
Fraternity Lodge
29 K appa Sigma Fraternity
L odge
30 W orth Dormitory
31 W oolman H ouse
32 P hi D elta T beta
Fraternity Lodge
33 Bond M em orial and
W omen’s Class and
A ctivities Lodges
34 'Bartol Foundation
Laboratory
33 C lothier M em orial
36 Arthur H oyt Scott Audi
torium
37 Employees’ Houses
38 F ield House
39 Palm er, Pittenger and
Roberts H alls
40 Edward Martin
B iological Laboratory
41 Bassett H ouse
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Swarthmore College Catalogue, 1949-1950
A digital archive of the Swarthmore College Annual Catalog.
1949 - 1950
183 pages
reformatted digital