Some items in the TriCollege Libraries Digital Collections may be under copyright. Copyright information may be available in the Rights Status field listed in this item record (below). Ultimate responsibility for assessing copyright status and for securing any necessary permission rests exclusively with the user. Please see the Reproductions and Access page for more information.
48 IN MEMORY OF DANIEL STANTON.
How would his soul in supplication rise
On angel’s pinions, to his native skies;
Implore the mercy, deprecate the rod,
And breathe his soul in raptures to his God!
Till, glowing with such zealand love divine,
As heaven approves, and saints perfected join,
His mounting spirit piere’d the world unknown,
And gain’d sweet access to his Father’s throne.
’T was thus, advancing on the gospel plan,
He glow’d with love to God, and love to man;
Still pressing forward, with a heart resign’d,
To heaven devoted, and from earth refin’d.
The Master call’d—bid all his labours cease,
And clos’d his evening in the calm of peace,
The softest touches of death’s awful rod, :
Drew back the veil, and wing’d the saint to God.
There, ’midst the grand assembly held above,
He shares the fulness of Messiah’s love.
Not for thy sake—but oh! for ours I mourn,
Friend of my heart, around thy spotless urn.
Nor shall thy memory from my bosom stray,
‘Till death admits me to that happier day.
There, may my soul, releas’d, unite with thine,
And in the raptur’d chorus, joyful join.
Hannau GRIFFITTS.
| FRIENDS’ MISCELLANY.
—— i ____________________ Te
No. 2.] FIRST MONTH, 1832. ‘[Vou. I.
JACOB LINDLEY’S ACCOUNT,
Of a Journey to attend the Indian Treaty, pro-
posed to be held at Sandusky, in the year 1793;
interspersed with various observations, remarks,
and circumstances, that occurred on this inte-
resting occasion. :
INTRODUCTION.
As preliminary information to the reader, it may
be proper to state, that about the year 1791, a mis-
understanding existed between the United States,
and several of the Indian Tribes. On this occasion,
the Meeting for Sufferings held in Philadelphia, ad-
dressed a memorial to Congress, the object of which
was, to show the expediency of pursuing pacific
measures, towards settling the disputes with the In-
dians. Their representation was well received;—
but the measures they recommended were not then
adopted, and the calamities of war still continuing to
prevail, on the Western frontiers of the States,—
the Yearly Meeting held in 1792, appointed a large
Committee, to unite with the Meeting for Sufferings,
in deliberating on this momentous subject, and if
practicable, to recommend such measures, as would
be most likely to promote peace and friendship with
the Indians. : | :
Early in the year 1793, deputies from several In-
dian Nations, visited Philadelphia, with a view of
Vou. II1.—5
qnoqy
JYysnoy] VM YOIYA sspulut ino gAsTar 0} AyuUNJO0d
-do |[nj @ pey pue ‘uorndeses afqeinoary & YRIA JUL
‘909.0 QUIU yNOGe JUIM ‘Foshu pue WOW uyor
‘AIOACG UWCIIIAA ‘UOWoqueg sauer ‘A[SuIpsoo0y
—‘uolssoidul axl] @ Japun sem oy punoj pue ‘AroA
-UG UII][LAA 0} paysosons 7 yorym ‘sozeV}G poyUG su}
Jo JUApIsalg 9} YUM MOIAJOJUL Ue SuTAzYy Joy
‘pado0id 0} Asva ojinb jou purur Aut }jaJ [ “YIOS
“210JOq_
sep oUIOS YIOX MON 0} DU0S pry oy ‘U[OoUT’T urUL
-efueg Aueduoose 0} yao X Mon Jo Lem Aq pooooid
‘asKur pus ALVACG WIT AA PUL FS][e] CAVSLIN] 0}
ula} YIM poesooid pynoys “Wor[T[Q UYyor pur s100;y
ydosor ‘ysuuieg uyor yey} ‘poorse ATjenynur sem jt
‘UOTJVULIOJUI YI uQ “ABp }XoU Yoeqesioy UO yO -
yos 0} poasodoad ‘ydjopury Apisaog pue Surya
Ayjoury, yey} ‘our poursoyut Aoy,y, -ouanol oy} ut
S1o]JoAvs} MOT[aJ AUL aq 0} O1OA\ OYAd “OLOO]A ydes
-of put oN uyor ‘AsoAeg weTTIAA “Ysded uyoL
ULM Jour [ coy as SerydjopepIyd 0} JUOM OMA “UGS
‘1oJ poiea Ap1apue} oom om ‘joyoRy paaojeq sit
pue wry Aq ‘o1oym ‘s juny] uyor pueliy pury ino
ye pospoy pue ‘Aqreq 0} uo JUeM OA SuUYVOUL 19IFV
—-purur Aut yornb pue Avys 0} pepudy Ayrunz10ddo
yotym {Suysour prooucg 0} 308 pue “19A0 poltioy
aM ‘“YSIy sea yt fourmApursg 07 OULD OM TOT A
-PUIM pUR JOM SEM BSUTUIOUL VYT, “oUlOY Woy oUt
porurdurosoe ‘fasng enysor “puelly pesojoq ATA
| ‘uoryeqyoodxe
Aur puofeq uorneaedas oy} 1vaq 0} our podjoy ‘poysod
-dns sem uorueduios paaojeq Aur yoryas yy Opngyy
-10J pue UOTeUsIseI oy} Ng = “pesodsrpul yonut sem
piryo ysasunod no se ‘os aiour oy} pus “y}0q OF [PMH
1g *“ALVGAUL NVIGNI GHL OL
““SINO St [JOM se SUOTORISES sTy 0} pepudy
j > s
Lance
s
dense eee
at Te iin at
ee
we
asola SEM IT “SGELT ‘YQUOW YIP 9) Jo Ugg oUy “But
-uiour Avp-jsiy uo Apruey pue ajtm seop Aur Yay YT
0 “TVNUOOL
"§-10P o8ed—oggt powutd ‘raprom
-ayooyy uyor Aq ,,‘suetpuy ueSoyoyy pue o1emejog
ay} Suowe ‘usiyjoIg pou 9Y} Jo UOISSIP 94} Jo
SATJVLIVN 5, SUIYSOLojUL oy} ‘oste— {1 ‘oa ‘TE aded
‘uosduirg uyor 0} 1o}Je"] s,uosxeg 19Al[Q—g *Z, o8ed
co SOATIE N UBIPUT OY} Jo UONeZTITALD,, “popyue “paysty
) -qnd Ayoyey ‘y1om o[qenyea Ss ,uOsyoer Aepr[eH 296
“AQSIO~ MON JO SoULOYS IEF] Wer A
pue aloo; ydesor pue ‘Ajun0d s0js0y9 jo ‘Ao[pury
qooer “erydjepepyg jo “Hora uyor pue ‘Ar9arg
WITT AA ‘USE uyor ‘atom ‘woyy peruedurooor oy mM
spuoig ayy, ‘bss ‘ydjopuey Ajsoaog pure ‘Suiteyo1g
Ayoury, auojog ‘ujooury ururelueg jersey ‘atom
Assequia sty} uo pojuiodde sasuoisstuim0g ou,
: ‘uoneqoidde s juepisoig
ay} peureyqo Suraey soiye ‘uorseo00 sty} uo “uOU
-u.19A08 Aq pojurodde ‘srouorsstuui0g oy} Aueduioo0e
0} pajndap o10M spuslig XIs pue £0} popooot sea [es.
-odoid ay} ‘aovod oyouro1d 0} 4JoJ Suoy pey spuosiwsy
yoy o1Isap OY}. YWM soUEpIoO.e UY ,,“SAATIUN
ay} ys diyspuswy pue ooeed jo ooueuazUTeUl 94} 0}
sousraype Apvojs & poysosiueur pey ‘eodlioury ul JUOUT
-3[}}9s JSIy 1194} wo1y ‘oym ofdood e se ‘spuslig ul
souepyuod jerveds e pey ‘pojuosoider Aoy} suoneN
9Y7,, Jey, ‘Surzezs ‘suoneroseu oy} puc}}e ppnoys
spually eulos yey} posin A[poyeodar sonndap uvipuy
ssoyj— SuUIMO][OF JoWUIUWINS OY} SuUlINp “Jloujoq Ie8U
‘Aqjunoad ueipuy sy} UT pray oq prnoys Ajeory, & 7eY}
pseige Suiaey JuIWIUIZAOX ‘pu :sajze}G pou 9Y}
UIA. SQDUIIIGIP JO uolVpouMO.OR ue SuUlpseMio;
IVYNYWOOL S$ ADZTIANIT qoover Og
52 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
one o’clock, our three friends, and two Commis-
sioners, set out on horseback. |
Ist of 5th mo. William Savery and myself, with
five other passengers, set out in the stage for New
York. Got to Brunswick about dark, having rode
sixty miles.. Next day in the afternoon, we arrived
at New York.
3rd. Waiting for the baggage to come on by wa-
ter from Amboy, and providing for our journey. I
think I never saw Friends so active and heartily
disposed, to comfort and assist, as were a number of
our brethren and sisters of that city.
4th. Went on board the Schenectady sloop, Capt.
Lansing. Our beloved friend William Hartshorn,
one of our companions in this journey, met us here,
and went on board also, at the Albany pier in the
East river. The wind at south west, we got round
the point, and about five miles up the North river,
when the wind shifted, and a violent gale ensued
from the north east. The tide also leaving us, we
were obliged to cast anchor, and lay tossing all night,
just in sight of the city. The wind increased so
much that our vessel dragged her anchor, and ran
almost ashore. About day-light our captain ran in
to the wharf again. We took the opportunity of
going to forenoon and afternoon meetings. At the
last of which, William Savery desired to see Friends
and others, at seven o’clock in the evening. About
which time, the streets being crouded with people
going to meeting, the captain sent a messenger to
call us on board. The strait indeed was great; but
William and I agreed, let the consequences be what
they might, we would attend the meeting; we did
so, and a favoured time it was. About nine o’clock,
a
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 53
several Friends, merchants of the city, accompanied
us to the vessel, where the passengers and captain
were in a heat; but we kept down, and it blew over.
Capt. Lansing told me afterwards with seriousness,
he did believe the storm was permitted, in oe to
give us time for the meeting. |
About midnight they weighed anchor, and stood
up the North river. Our progress was slow and te-
dious, which gave us opportunity to view the rug-
ged margin of that great water, which exhibited sub-
jects for awful contemplation. The rocks and moun- .
tains rise from the water several hundred feet high;
on the tops of divers of which, are the remains of
fortifications made in the time of the late war; at
some of which places, bloody contests had been
held. We passed West Point, Fort Putnam, and
divers others on the tops of the highest hills, com-
manding the prospects of = reaches of the
North river.
7th. We passed a stream tumbling over the rocks
into the river, called the Buttermilk Falls—a good
seat for a mill. But the barren appearance of the
banks, with the prospect of the divers dark habita-
tions of death and destruction, brought me into a
humbling sense of the excellency of that holy reli-
gion, which breathes peace on earth, and good will
to men... The situation of these strong holds on the
tops and peaks of mountains, perhaps three or four
hundred feet high, were associated with ideas which
_more strongly confirmed my mind, in the approach
of that day, in which the King of kings will exalt
his holy mountain above them all.
Passed by New Windsor, New Marborough, and
Barnagat. At the latter are many lime kilns, which
5*
jo sosnoy Uiapour sutos ydaoxe 4;mq yong Apsou
‘sasnoy paipuny 9e14} jnoge jo ystsuod 03 pesoddns
st Apeyoauayog jo uMo} oy, “AVA OY} JO 9[OYM 9}
‘sautd yjtM poiaA0o pue 100d Ar@A pur] OY, “UtOA
-t} 8 Yows ‘peod oy} UO sosnoy us} jnoqe passed 2 AA -
—‘IOAIL YMCYOPT VY} Ivau pozyenyis ‘ApeyousyIg 0}
S9[IUI Uda}XIs BpOI pue ‘uoBem v OFUT JOS BAA “UG —
| | “guroy UInjed
pu ‘saAjasuioyy a[eSo1 ‘puorsy 10 Inoqysiou 1194} Jo
astavep oy} Jo sduenbesuod ul spew “Yseoj oY} JUINSOL
UdIUI OYJ, “UIN}IL UIUE VY} VIOJo JNO Ie9TO [[e Ua}
puv {oul} JOYS & IO ODDEqGO} OYOUS pue “OUTM YULIP
‘sayeo }e0 0} povvoid Loy} “JNO VUAOG ST UYJOO OY} 10}
-je AyoeIpouuT pue ‘osnoy oY} 3e s[quIesse so[euloy
ayT ‘eaAesd oy} 0} SOATWLIOI JsoreaU oY} JO asd.100
94} pusye ‘suotsea00 yons Aue uo Aoy} Op Joy}ToU
:papusjye UsUIOM OU dtoymM f[elIng Jo JouULUT ITOYY
paarosqo pue ‘Aueqry ye yYystu Te preys OM “Ap
-ej29IaYIG 0} Suruaaa yey} popossoid pusly plo Iq}
pure ‘Aoypns pue osioy s9yjeq & poinooid uoos Ayjoad
Aoyy, “Ayo ey Jo uorneyndes pue Ayinbryue ayy
UI YONUI po}[Nxe pey OYA ‘stoy}O aUIOS pue Sutsue'y
de 0} ‘aoeyd oy} Jo uoneyndas oy} uodn Meaip ysnul
11 suoTjOopet ey} poyueseidor pue “jno jue UOT} I
-Agsequia [nyooved popusyur quaseasd ay} UO Aypetoodsa
—auo se WIY podapisuod J Joquinu YyoIyA JO :s199 Fo
ayqeyoadsar s}t 0} onp pieSor oy} pue ‘yusWUIdA0S
Ino Jo anouoY ay} 40F sSutpaey Aur pasnor je1oued ayy
jo JWouT]VaI} SIT, ‘otp 0} JO pouny Uses OAPY T SP
yons ‘Aei3 pro 100d & sem asioy oY} :paunsoid pue
yySnos sea areyo pue ossoy e osodand yoryar 10J ‘uoou
-Jajje yey} PleMaAoy DAOUL OF SNOTxue AaaA SQM OFT
-quoye Ajvou upoourry [erouax) punoy aM “UIOAP} Ayo
OY} Je paAliie OM Udy AA ‘s1aSuvI]s 0} UOT}UEIFe PUB
c¢ *ALVAUL NVIGNI GHL OL
>
SEES
ee
agek 3 oe
14, SagatiReieaibiniReF
:
co So ap pon ay Sy
¥ eno abate ARE ee case ta ef os ns Daal
perea s 5 ated .-
:
\
ig :
Ra: ah
3
oa
é
te
ry
~
-
“* hes » ‘
es eee
Ayyiqeios yo yuem 30 ‘Aytyey1dsoyur jo souvsvodde
oy} sivoq yorym sepdoed Asnq ‘asnpooa v Aypeaauds
ore AY, “pucpfoyy wos sjuviSiua jo sjuepusos
“op 94} YIM popes Aporyo st Aueqry jo Aq au],
“qooer pue ovesy “weyeiqgy pro poos jo soueiquistiiod
B ya pura Aur passoidurt oBesta puke oureu soy yf
*JUDIOUUT sadUeUa}UNOD JTey} pue ‘odurts poreadde.
re Aou.y ‘sAep o01y3 ut Jaarpap 0} paSeSua dy yor
| yuRysip sopra AjueM} pue poipuny suo ‘uaut Sunod
oy} Jo ouo Aq oye] eptoug oy} ye “eyotapuoTzy Urey
-dey 0} oSessaut u9q}11M & yuas ‘£1016 ‘Areza1008 IRQ
‘Yeinjay 1ayyo ay) ‘afqejoyayy poureu sem uswlOM
suno& aq} Jooug ‘uospueiS e puv ‘suajySnep om}
‘uos @ ‘ueUOM po ue Jo poystsuoa Auedutod IOUT,
‘sosuodxo 11a} Iveq 0} Asuow pue “yuourYysoajer OUIOS
way} OARS ‘UJ9Av} AjIO VY} Je Way, peddojys | -uMO}4
sy} Ysnory} possed suerpuy say ‘uoousayE 9Y} UT
‘yJosseqy sem ouIeU
sty] ‘utur poyuiids szapusy ‘painyeu poos ev pareod
-dv of] = ‘apquyjreae oq prnom padoy oy pure ‘szoyj0
poipuny usaefe 10 ua} Aq pautof oq prnom yor
‘sn soy stoAeid sty dn sayo 0} Aporqnd ‘oreo sty 41
@YLUI plno oy yey} pue fssadons yyIM pouMoID puBL
-19 INO poystm oy pres pure ‘sn 0} Jfesuty poonpogy
-UT UOTPESIISUOD VY} Jo A9}stUIUL ay, *A}]TATO yeoud
YIM jour om Aueqry FW ‘opliser spuariy Jo raquinu
® e1ayM ‘uospnyzy jo Az1d oy} passed om yySru 4sery
‘sINOY BA[AA\} UI SoTIU porpuNy guO pories Suraey ‘Au
—-ReqT Vy ye poAliie “Sulutoul oy} UI xXIS jnoqy ‘Wg
‘spunoqe Ayjjsour
quoysourl] 94} o1eym Apyeroodsa ‘Aqqnays pue uot
-ieq savadde purl ayy, ‘OAT oY} Jo opis ysea ay} UO
odef[ta & st aisdoayysnog “AAI ay} 0} asopo ‘Yue
OY} Ul aIv SUIIY OG], “HIOX MonT AOF au] uaNg
IVNUNOL S ADTANIT GOOVE ¥S
Ul pooyinoqysieu yey} WoIy Fo UIA OYAd ‘sueIp
-UJ UBAVS JO Ja}YSNV[s oy} V}LLOWAUIULOD 0} Jep1O
ut ‘asodind yey} soy sojtur poipuny [esaAes Burwio09
‘suerpuy Aq ‘A]fenuue-ouop oq 0} pres St YOU Ad
—"}I UI UBUI UBAVS JO uonejuesoider oY} YIM VOU
-eo & ‘sanojod pot ur ‘AzINUEsUT yeaud yy ‘pozured
SEM U0IIBYM “OAL OY} Jo YUeG oy} JO yo Burjal
-oid yoor e possed om Aep siyy, “spouueyo snoo}Yystl
-un YSsno1y} poureyqo uoyM Ayjetoodsa a1our ‘suoIsses
-sod A[p]I0A DAISU9}XO JSOUT OY} JO Ayurey199UN OY} ST
yong *Aasouvorys Aq sueipuy ey} Wosy poure}qo to9q
DABY 0} ples SVM 9}e4S9 SIU], ‘S1OBULIYS JO UOISSOS
-sod ut pue ‘poyeosyuod spue, oy}—suInt UL MOU Bt
gsnoy UOIsUvUT ssoyM “UOSUYOL WIT[TAA TS JO 9909P
-1saa pjo oy} Aprepnorsed tiem Jo ourty Ul ‘SUOI}eOUIT
~IOJ pue s}10J Sulavy 10F o[qes«oursut ‘puey jo sjurod
pue syueq Aueut Aq possed -Aayunoo usredureyo &
YSNo.1Y} ‘SopIUA W99}XIS ]NOGe 1OF YMCYOTAL OUI jospideas
ey} posoddo ‘suotj10xe yeou3 YIM pue “no Jes ‘s1a8
-uassed oAjoas} Jo oArsnpoxe ‘ueut AAT} Aq poystoma
‘sye0q JYSIo Jo Suysisuod Yoog op] INQ “4IOL
"9180 UL O8 OYA SLa[[OACI} WOIG UISIVUL [NF}INAZ S}T JO
yoodsord Sursvard oy} ‘ounseour yeors & ut “oinosqe
pue ‘1o]2M VY} JO oovfans 9yy aAOge yooy UEOT 10
GAIA JNOGe IsI1 ‘jeroued ut ‘1aATL oY} Jo SyUeq OUT,
‘poAT] Uay) os atayM sod oy} UO LOY SAL JOTT}EY
~pue13-je018 § ,1oyyey oy ‘au plo} UeUTOA Sunos 9ug.
-sreok AjUaM] puke porpuny ouo UeY} d1OUI oq 4SNUT
yorum {ueqry so Apeyousyog atofoq pa[ies seas
41 Aes Aoyy, “ystBuny atqe19po} ‘osye ‘gsensuey 7ey}
yeads ‘Ayjerousd. pue ‘syuesstura yoyn(]. MorT JO syuep
-ugosep oy} Apsour syueyiqeyur ay} :AajyuN0d pey}jos
pio ue stay ‘aWoY WoT [ USYA se o1oy PABANTOS se
jnoqe poseodde UoTIEJaBa A *ULOSSOTG UI Seot} WNAF
Lg “ALVAUL NVIGNI AHL OL
jo s0uepunge ue yytM posiodss9qur ‘suonrjuesd ony
jo o8uer & jo yoadsoud ojquooiSe ue pey OMA a0uep
~unge ul ‘979 ‘xey ‘seed ‘u1oo uetpuy Geoym Suronp
-oid ‘paaoidurt Ajqe19j07 pue ‘apyaay Surpavoxe ‘pues
YOeIq YOu ore “IVA oy} Jo syueq ay) uo pue ‘spusq
84} UL SUIO}}0q OYJ, ‘S[[IY UsoYyZIOU pue UsJeyQNOS
oy} Surysea Ajayeusoye foptm optur e Jyey ynoge Aa]
[BA @ SSO1Oe SPUIM JOATI OYJ, *JUSLIND oy] ysuTeSe
Avmpeoy oyeul 0} Y10M prey AJOA pey uIUTjeOG rood
ay} a1oym Spider pue yeoys saved owos ‘daep yaoz
do1Y} Suiseiaae pur ‘ssoroe spaed poirpuny 0m} ynoge
oq 0} esoddns 7 ‘aaatr YAMeYyoW oy) jo peq eu,
. ‘aul 0} posuod
“stp Ay[njtoiaut ‘ssurssoqq pue sunoary ppoyrueur oy}
JOJ YSnous [nyyueY} Jou sem J yey ‘Bparmouyor 0}
A}}2.109s oud posned pure ‘purut Aut poyaoyge Ajdaap ‘AT
“IWB} Passea.t}sIp SIy} Sutpus}ye soouejswNoi1o [VIoAVs
ey, ‘sureyo ul pouyuod sem pue ‘payoeasip qUOAA
JOY}OUL VY}—SjOIpl Sutoq ‘yeads 0} poureay, soAau
UaIp[Iyo voiy} oy, ‘ouesur AjorUe o10M UOeIppTyo
9914} pue JoeyJOU OY} o10ym ‘osnoy & 3e peddojs pue
‘sa[IuL Inoy ynoqe papssdoid aAq *Yyovo uauT 9a14}
YI $}vOg XIS JoYy}O oy} “YoRs USUI XIS YIM pouueUr
alam s}voq Ino jo OMY, ‘sioyeyoods paspuny suo
uey} sou jo soueseid oy}. UI “aA YMEYOW oyy
UO peyiequia pue ‘saiojs pue oSeSBeq Aino yjIM pa
peo] ‘si9y}0 uasas Aq potuedurosoe ‘neaqyeq & prog
uo jueM 9M ‘1QUUIp sayy ‘Auedutod s,sa_Anyog
[e1suox) Jo onsvoyd oy} pey am ory ‘Apeyoouayog
ur asnoy orjqnd ev ye pourq ‘ouroy Arerodui9} & ayy
s[aoj pue syoo, sovfd AzoAa pue ‘apnjeinb year8 ur
peargsoid Aypnjio19ut st purut Aut yo : yunoo ay} jo
aovy ay} pue ‘o]doad ay} Jo surojsno pue SIQUUTUL 3Y3
90s 0} osuelys suvodde yy ‘uoNoNnysu0d JUeZaTa aa0ur
IVNUNOL S ADIGNIT Goove 9¢
58 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
some former wars, and were all destroyed. We
passed the mouth of the Schoharie, and stopped
about a mile higher up the river, on a beautiful
bank, where we proposed to lodge. Here I saw a
plough with two wheels, about eighteen inches dia-
meter, just before the coulter. They are in general
use in this neighbourhood, and appear to answer the
end well. Their land is level, light, and rich near
the river. Their field peas are just coming up, and
appear luxuriant, and beautiful.
11th. Had a fine wind, our little fleet hoisted their
sails, which propelled the boats against the current
at about four miles an hour, without the help of set-
ting poles or oars. Passed the Canajoharie, and a
mountain called the Nose, where is a remarkable
cave, into which one of our boatmen said he enter-
ed about five perches, but found so much wind issu-
ing out of it, that he was afraid to proceed any fur-
ther. The land in this day’s rout, is very good. The
settlers here were greatly distressed, about the year
1780, by the Indians and white people who were
opposed to the principles of the revolution, and were
influenced, and, in some instances, commanded, by
John Johnson (son of Sir William) who took refuge
with the British, and came on with a party of In-
dians, &c. into his old neighbourhood, burnt their
houses, took off many prisoners, and others they
killed. Where we breakfasted, the man of the house
told us, his father and father-in-law were both killed
by them, on the same morning. Where we dined,
the woman’s husband had been killed, in like man-
ner. This day we passed several old fortifications,
block houses, &c. which appeared a weak defence:
and breathing aspirations were raised, to become an
s
’
- a TO
etree OTL QOS nt ST
2 ¥
¢
:
*.
a ‘. <
ships with heavy burthens for distant climes.
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 59
inhabitant of a city whose walls are salvation, and
whose light and glory the Lord of hosts is. We
also passed several places for worship. The whole
journey of this day was about twenty-three miles.
The country very fertile, and capable of abundant
improvement, which may increase the useful trade
of Schenectady and Albany, keep up the sound of
the millstones near the North river,—largely occu-
py the merchants of New York,—and freight their
Ve-
getation appears nearly the same from day to day,
as we proceed to the north west, which is the een
eral course of the river thus far.
12th. Which was the first-of the week, we set
out from Esq. Nellis’s, which is about fifteen miles
north of Otsego lake, the head source of the north
_ branch of Susquehanna, and about fifty miles north
of the boat and raft navigation of the Delaware. Pro-
ceeding up the river we found the water very shoal;
in many places not more than fifteen inches deep.
‘The navigation is exceedingly hurt by the river be-
ing divided into many parts by islands, some less,
and some larger, from one to seventy acres in size.
We landed and tarried awhile at Fort Hendricks on
the south side of the river. Opposite, on the north
side, comes in, a large stream, called Canada creek,
about the size of Brandywine. This place was the
seat of an old Indian king. We noticed many large
‘old apple trees, said to have been planted by the
Indians.
This day, the wind blew very brisk, and directly
against us; which made our progress slow, and the
labour of the men exceeding hard. With consider-
able difficulty, we setamied ahe current ten miles,
9— IT TOA
"sUBIPUT 94}
ysureSe poyesodsexe yonur pue ‘ySno1 ureuros szids
asoyaa ‘padyeos pur polly SuOT]efaI aIey) pey pey aid
-ood ey} jo Auey, *pooyq jo pury e pue ‘ssauyaep jo
puey & ‘oul 0} 393 WING = ‘euueysnbsng ay} jo S19}
-@M peoy 94} JO YOU So[cUl xIS JNq-d19M 9M DIRT
‘asnoy Sursoul euo pur ‘sasnoy yo0]q [e1eAes passed
‘Lem oy} UO—s]e]q UeULIaX oY} 0} ‘saTIUE KIS JnOGE
—9}eM Zuo1s jo vve1id J9yjo ouO pue opt jjom
at} pessed—uoouseyye oy} Ul peyxriequie—s,snoo}
-10g pudiij INO ye PoUIP 9AA_ ‘ST[eJ 04} OAOQE 10}eA
[13S 24} 03 ‘ayru ouO Jnoge syeoq pue osesseq smo
yoo, ‘estiuns jnoge polquiasse suosem oy], “UIST
“Peg
% U}IM poyepourluroooe sem oy ‘per9uIs 9} }deoxe
‘sossoqqeu ino uo Ae] 9M S}YSIU Surpsoeid 9a14} OL], ©
_ ‘s8u1Z poy of qe}1ojuros 0} YSno.1y} 303 om ,“puey SIy jo
MOT[OY OY} UI S19}eAA VY} YJoUNsvour pus ‘s}sy sty UT
SpULA oY} Yeppoy oYyA,, ullET Jo AoToU SuTpuNogeE oyy
ySno1y) jng ‘spoq ino apeul oAvY O1aYy] plnoYs oA jnq
MOUY JOU PIP | SUIT} OUO ye yey} OS {pUIM oy} JsuTvSR
yeoq oy jadosd 0} JusloWNs Jou a10M soppped pue
seo Ino pue 4uNoVse ou Jo a19M sojod SsuIjjes Ino
arezy -daop yooy AjzyS10 sdeysod—yjdep Surzeure
Uv SI JayVM OY} ‘so[TUL VoIY} IOJ ‘ST[e} GSOY} MOTO
| , "yea 0}
[re ayy ye uIseq pue ‘apydor ay} Jo peoy oy} UO JOO}
Tay} 4as [IM oy} yeyy ‘ourMsS ot} JO AyroeSes ay} St
yons pue—pjo sreaf Inoj 10 9a1y} Jo ‘aULMS JO Spsloy
aSiey daay oa} ‘agouejep UMO JIEYy} UL ‘past[qo ede
‘a10Y} Siop}}as ay} yey} ‘ae1Zep & YoNs 0} punoge Aout
‘jueisIp SO[IU UsAaS JNOgGe S19} LY} JO OpIs SvO OYF
ug “yaed0 epeueyD jo yjA10U ‘guity Aue ye punoj U9eq —
19 “ALVAUL NVIGNI AHL OL
qou svy oyeus op}IeI & pres st yt ‘pyim pue AyooI O8 St
ooetd sty} ysnoyy, “yIOA Mon jo “tozyZnep s,9oue1
-MAerT qo[eg poliseut pue ‘Auoxeg WOodj poyersiuie off
‘paspoy pue ‘va} yueIp J soyM ‘Suez oq snisnsny
youapetg sofeyy Suet yuostjojut Aso & “yeu oxy
jo juepusjulsodns oy} pue ‘snosy1og puelay ino Aq
peateoet ATPUTY 919M IAA “S[[BJ VSO} SSO’ O[TU QUO
‘sye0q put soi0}s no WodsueI} 07 SUOSEM UDARS pos
-eZue om ‘uooudoye styy, ‘jueseid ye ‘1aAT1 BY} Jo
sapis oy} UO pur ‘paq oY} UI SYIOI OY} JO souvsvodde
Aiaao reaq pure ‘doap 4oaJ USAVS IO XIS ‘und MoO][OY
ayIy UMOP UOM oULOS pue ‘sa[}}0Y OBIE] “SUDAO 21]
‘sadeys AUvUl JO SOAIND OUI UOM pue “peyzoouls
os ing ‘uonisod sepnSorst Azoa @ ut SuIAT ose SQu0}s
pue syooy “Eas, sy aAoqe Joos AJUEM} pur “194
-tM oY} JO pag Juaseid oy} wos soyoted AZT} mou
aie Jey} “SyOL OY} Suowe’ uel BUO AOA OY} YEU}
‘uorjerjsuoulsp @ 0} suvodde yt yuu J “UoryNTOA
91 yeouS eB ouUOS19puN ‘owty Jo potsed syourer Asoa
owos je Buravy oinjeu jo syiew yUOpIAs oie “apis
YoU BY} UQ ‘“ABALI OY} ssO1oe poyate SI as pliq
uapoom snoreds e ‘aod sty} FY “MOTEq BdUBISIP
aULOS OJ pue ‘ST[eJ OY} 7e “OpIAd Joo} porpuny suo OF
sj[ry pue syoor Aq poyovszuod st JaAl OY], ‘yoalqo
queyzoduit AIBA SIy} Burye}IORZ puemoy oouRpunge
auop sey ainqeu se ‘oja[duroo [jim Aoy} ary? YT Yom
‘eueo ev uado 0} Suryeur suorjesedoad yeois ore o19p{
—-jgar0jut yeor8 & ourodeq ‘Aypiqeqoad ype ur owt
QUIOS *TJIM I] “yeas VY} JO royatidoid oy} st ‘snoo}1og
uyor poweu ‘ueWO;}UES Yo}0IgG Y “TTI Sul[ny pue
‘Tru Mes “[[IU 4SIIS OUY BST B1OFT “JOoJ UAVS ynoge
uMop sayoqzid soyem ayy ‘ooeyd ouo Uy ‘yods o1jueWIOL
AJA B STAT ‘a[TUL B Jo SayAeNb oy} ur Joos JTeY ®
pue 3yS1d-Azr1y} ote YOIYAr “TOALL ayy JO ST[eF OY} OF
IVNUNOL S,ADTGNIT GOOVE 09
ccc .
Manta etna spniticctiniiis , a ey sa
‘spuvsnoy} ut seojonbsnur ydooxe ‘mes 7 yey} JURTIGeYy
“ul JNOYYM ‘ssouJep[IM yoosq pue yoorursy Aseaap
© ‘sopiu 7Ys19 oY} JO a[OYM OY, “Yooto epeurd—
jo uonounf oy} ye ‘s Aouuey ureydeég je poate om
‘sinoy 9014} Jnoge ul ‘daAomOPT ‘apqeooiSesip AdoA
ino} ay} epeur “Surpyoeys A19A UOSeM OY} pUe ‘yes
-I9A0 0} YT] ‘194 OUR Udy} ‘apis 9UO soWITJOWIOS ‘S{{IY
qou Joys pue ‘1ajeM pue pnut jo sayojo[s ‘sospiiq
gjOq ‘alojaq pey 19A0U | Opli e yons yng “puey Aq”
Yo019 poo AA UMOp poposdeid pue ‘uoseM YOO} ‘YI T
oy} jo Surusow sy} uo ‘Aueduiod ano jo aAlq “Teoys:
AIOA pure ‘apa spaed U9} Jnoge ulea.1}s [[VUIS B *YooI9
poo AA 0} ‘aru ouo ‘ooerd Surkareo oy} ssosoe 08d
-Seq pue syeoq oy} 303 0} Aep sty} dn yoo} 3] “YIOT
: -o2p ‘s¥ur30038
pofeoop ‘ey JoAveq e& jo suleulet ayj—jsed shep
moje ‘dn pomodiey useq oAty 0} pres st ‘opis sty
Aq un & pue ‘uoyajoys aug “YMUYOTA OY} JO syuRg
ay} UO poys poo[q oy} Loz ‘pop}jes aq ysnUT JUNODIG
snopuesulel) & ‘UIe[S Jay 1dA00 910U OU pus ‘poolq
Jay asoyosip [[eys yes oy} UoYyM yng ‘autd yozid
YIM pataAod yonut “uly, pue fuoys ‘oSpii SulprArp
ay} uo pury oy, ‘seoddesip oyimb surejunou pue
sity ‘mojeq saprur AzI1Yy} Loy pue ‘o1oFT = “9ZI8 oS]
jo ynuyea oYA pus poomuUo}nq osje—souepuNge
UI ateay ore soar} IeBns—‘osuey AJA JOQUIT} OU],
-uea.1]s JY} JO YUeG Vy} UO ‘spooM oY} UT POUTp IAA
‘papas opt Area Atjunod ey, ‘Buoy soyoaod Ayyzy-
qnoge soyoeet 9y}—o0UI; WOM 2 Suljquieser yonul
‘payoois A[Sutpevoxe pur ‘opim joay porpuny ono
qynoge JaATI ayy, “Yots sreodde ‘aaAtt oy} dn aurea OAs
se puel OUT, “WTY RIM Suoye [[NyYs & yySnoiq Ajavd
imo jo aug ‘way} uodn Apuoprsa astuy Zurdyeos pue
YMEyeUlo} 94} Jo syreur oy} Sulaey ‘punois oy} UO
§9 ‘LLVAUL NVIGNI GHL OL |
uleulal SIOAIP JO S][NYs oy], ‘punosZ oy} doy suerp
-uJ ay} 3Nq ‘saprIs Yyjoq Uo [Jey AueU YoryM UT {em
qse[ oY} UI ‘sUIPUT OY} YIM JYySnoy useq pey ay3eq B
a194M punois oy} possed Aoyy ‘sor u9d}xIs Jnoqe
‘puey Aq spor oyM asoyuy, ‘soptur «noj-A}UOM} SBA
‘rayem Aq Aep sty} Aournof wnQ -r9AtI goUDIMETT
‘1S 94} ojur AjduIa puke ‘oye, epraug oy} OJUT UNI
YoIyM 9soy} pue “preMyyNos vas ay} 0} UNA YOTYM 8.10}
-CM 94} UsdMjJOG PUNOIS jsoySiy oy} Wo spurys z10F
BYU], “AdAI YMeYOY 9Yy} uO SuoMeStaeu jeoq VY} JO
pray oy} ye *xtMuUe]S JOY 0} Bpor pue SUMOISOIIY AA
ye osi0y yoo} Auedurod ano jo JersANG “syUOU OMY
Joy uTeL BIT nq pey Sutaey ‘Aap AJA st Yes OU
O19FJ “poo are ayy pure “aeayo Suiusow oy, “UIST
“rea A jst] oY} ‘Suo} puesNoY} 9UO poindoid ‘pyoy Sead T
“ueyoiaul ou0 ‘yO X MON FY ‘Uoy sod spunod Ajjy
0} dAY-Aj10J WOIs ye Buryjas ‘opes} Jo aporjse yeors ke
st ysejod ayy, ‘azedns ofdew pure ‘yse jreod pue yod
_ Zurinjorjnueur pure ‘spuey oy} Sursesyo aie Avy} a190y.M
‘ai0ys UO SaIY OY} WOT, VyouIs panutjuo0d oy} YIM
‘sajtut toy poxoydaad yonut sem y ‘A[prdea sapyjos Ay
-uNOd SIV], “Sivo tno Suisn ynoyyrm ‘Kem oy} Jo yaed
yeaa ‘una [[NQs ‘doop ‘ouy e& sem ‘sojtur ooay}-A}UOA\Y
jnoqe sem yorum ‘Aousnol s,Aep sry} ut ‘19yeM OL],
—ay ‘yooog “nuyem 914M ‘uITS ‘svor} Iesns ose]
Alaa YIM Surpunoge pure yey sea ‘ves pynod J se
rej se ‘A1jUNOD OY} JO Voy ofoymM oy} pue fYyoI A1OA
sem ‘ssoisoid s,Aep sity} UI puey oyy, yay udAoS
jnoqe oq 0} pereedde youre ay} Jo daams oy y, “wWs9y}
jo jaed Aue UI 9UO}S JNOYIIA S1oquIT} PpaUIesy JO oie
sjuourjng eyy, “Aoreq wou yaoddns Aue ynoyyA
‘opim yaoj AJUeM} pUe poIpuNy ouUO st yore VsoyAr
‘a3 pligq UspooM & poydeJO SI a1ayM “IaTANYIS WOT Pa
-qovar SUIUDAD Jey} pue ‘pleMIO} popasd0i1g “YIFI
IVNUNOL S.ADTANIT AOOVE o9
64 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
It appears well adapted for their existence. At the
mouth of Canada creek we re-embarked, and pro-
ceeded down Wood creek eight miles to the Oak
Orchard, where General Amhurst’s army encamped
on his way to the Canada expedition, in the French
war. Here our little camp pitched their tents. [|
rested well on the bank of Wood ereek.
Struck our tents early in the morning of the 18th,
and proceeded down the stream about six miles;
then kindled up a fire on the bank, and cooked a
breakfast of tea and chocolate. The land continues
low, level, and rich, abounding with sugar trees and
white walnut. The navigation of the creek is abun-
dantly obstructed by vast quantities of timber.—
Here the stream is about fifty feet wide. These
waters abound with fish, of which we caught some,
with a gig, from the bow of our boat, and some
trout, with hook and line. About noon, we dined
at the Big Bend, four miles from the lake, on. the
bank of the creek, not having seen a cabin for twen-
ty-five miles. The banks abound with lofty timber,
sugar trees, elm, some large oaks, and shellbark
hickory, in which the pigeons innumerable build
their nests. Here and there a small fox squirrel ap~
pears,—a few robins, blackbirds, and jays. About
three o’clock, we came to the entrance of Oneida
lake, which, though among the number of inferior
lakes, makes an awful appearance, and is doubtless
a wonderful display of that infinite Wisdom and
Power by which the worlds were made. Our course
along this little ocean appeared to be a little north
of west; and the wind being brisk from that point,
we raised our tents, as no habitation appeared.
“Say
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. «65
’ his evening, a number of Indians came to our
camp, viz. Col. Lewis, Capt. John, and a very old
chief, named Beechtree, or King Doe, and several
young warriors painted red, with black streaks.—
Some had their ears cut in strings, with trinkets in
b them; and they mostly had bobs of wampum, metal,
or bright shells, hung in their noses. They had
two of their wives with them—each had a child
laced with its back to a board—the front side made
of skins, lined with soft flannel, and a canopy of
curious work like embroidery, overhead—of like
workmanship, were the laces and bandages with
which the infant was fastened in—these they loose
with great facility, and take out the babe. The
whole has the appearance of a case, narrow at bot-
tom, and widens upwards—it is about two feet in.
length, and has a bow to the front side of it, to go
over the mother’s breast, when she carries the child.
There were about eleven Indians in this company;
Kirkland, their missionary, was with them, and in-
terpreted for us. The old chief said he heard we.
were there, and with trembling knees, leaning on
his staff, he had come to see us; as we were on the
work of peace, he rejoiced to see us on that errand,
and hoped the Great Spirit would bless our endea-
yours, with which he united, and did not know
what he lived for, except it was to see it.. Captain
John spoke to like import, and said he was glad
some of the sons of Onas were along. We imparted
some small tokens of respect to the women and chil-
dren, who after a visit of about two hours, went
away, with some of the young men. The old ones
staid and supped with us on the bank of the lake,
and then departed.
6 %
Surpasoxa sem Aep sty, “snpog Ops] Woy sojtut
udAas-£yuaM} ‘tnoqaey woog eddy 0} ‘snpog 78014)
jo nou oy} passed ‘pamor pue petes OMA ‘WSS
| a ‘Aep ysareopo ay} Ul pAemysom
yo paemjsvo ‘premyysou purl jo Mola ou St o10q}
e[ppiur oy} ynogy “oxe| yea siyy jo yoodsoud 94} St
peapur puery ‘snpos eT} Pett? ‘inoqivy B 0} SO[LUL
Udo] ‘OLIvjUG Jo Bes OY} UO fauanof ano pansind o44 ~
‘squUIp JeIpy “Urey OLA deg ‘daoyjo SuTpUeUUOD
ou} YIM poulp pus ‘poyurpe oom OM ‘sn Suroodxe
Aouy, ‘ysg out 4q PPY ‘uostiies OdaMS() 0} P?
-pasooid pue ‘mojaq Ul poyouney ‘spueA A}XIS ynoge 3
égoejd SurAssred otf} Ssosoe $}BOq ‘ano MaIg, “4303
‘yor Atuouedde puey ey |
-19A0 Oq 0} yoolqus pue ‘mor ore OAL STi} jo squeq
oul, “MOTOq atu GUO JOJ pidea Surureoy Su0.t}s
eB sulloy pue ‘09J qySto sp[ey ‘1aATL otf} Sso10e 12
youd ouo 4 1078M OY} PUL ‘oprm spaed pospuny OAsy
ynoge st JoAl oy} OOF “STP oSamsg 0} ‘1o}eas
[Is Jo soplur UsAd[e spreAioyye pue—sojyem pider
yo oylu eB ynoge possed—oSeAoa ino pouinsed 2 AA
-euueyanbsng oy} Jo YAoF 89M OU} jo |
youvsg eS1oAtt SuNMOY) OY} OF F O-[P} pinom oBeriied
puey] soptur udsjySIo yey} pue ‘7[Bs VY} JO spied dA[OM4
UIU}IA PUNOJ 19M sdurids 1ojem ysorg YUOT[P9X® FEYF
Saiqusneyxoul posvodde uivjunoy oy FeU} ‘Xep sod
sjaysnq eAy oyeur pjnod ey ‘yoeo suol[es A}xI8 JO
“as sopjey OA} pue ‘poptaoad sem poo voy Wut
poyejel oT ‘proiq usdes pure Suoy sapitu uaz ynoge
si yorum ‘oyery esnded ou UO sBudg yes ayy 38 |
SOAT] OUM UCUL B YIM UOlestoAUod peg om ay ‘
| ‘suotyoodtp ayisoddo ut apis YOR? uc
no poojs pue ‘payreyd pue poqured sey sq uaad +P?
-yured Apuiads “1o1iem Sunod ev sem Sway) ououry
L9 ‘XLVAUL NVIGNI GHL OL
“‘pamoy —
—sjamef osou pure sSuri-ieo ‘suea ynd yyTAA pot
-wiy Ajsnoyjaaseur ‘uouiom pues uaut Sunok Apsoui
‘suBIPU] [@49A08 JOU OM OSE QOPT ‘UlVY} es 0} DM
a1aM SB ‘sn 99S 0} pe]S d1aM OM ‘s1o]}}08 mou fo
sollayy ad1y} Jou om aoeld siqy yy “apts ys9z poup
-uny oai4} sdeysod yoro feptoug ayy se ade] se ynoqge
SI }[ ‘d9ALI OSepuoUGg 40 eI0UIg 9y} Jo ueKoUNt
OY} 0} ‘saTIut Use}YSIe jnOgE IBALL eprauGg 943 UMOP
uolyeZiaeu ino powinseas om ‘Aep ysiy Sulog “YIGT
‘azau AoA poavodde Aziusajo A0f :osiy Aur Jo
suoTIOe ay} [[e yng ‘Assequia jusssid oy} sunoodsor
Ajuo jou fusndeq Suryoivos pue osoypo @ JUOMJEpUN |
“yoryM Surssoio9 uy ‘apt zysra pue “Suoj sojrur 44
~IIY} NOG SI SAL] SIU, “Loe sAMOY VULOS OF VATIIG
jou pip s}toq amo Jo [eiaAas YSnoy} ‘1aAlI Vploug
3y} JO YNoUL Jy} OJUT JOS am ‘Aep Jo Yvorq Jnoqe “za
-mod AjySiupy Jo vouepraoid ay} Ysnoiyy Jog *412}
~WM JU} UO GN} B VYT] STjaMs BY} 10AO SULIYIOI “Pulm
oy} atojaq ApUa[OTA UeI YAeq ofA} Ano SYOryM 19, V
—‘poyooya sem ‘ssouyrep oulosjxo oy} pue ‘soAra
ayy Jo Surjvaq ayy wrogy
Ing ‘Ul uns 0} JduIe}7e JOU Jsunp oat ‘AyIOL O10Ys
au} pue ‘yeoys Suroq JoyeM OYJ, ‘ssofasn seo JOp
-Uat 0} sv {yea13 OS BUTRDAG S{TaMs 9Y}—pos09}}e0S 303
Joy opty ang = *‘ysodurey Surureoy e ojuI ‘ssouwyed
pue Aytue1ss wor ‘posueys UOOS Sea BUBDS OY} pues
‘purm jo ayes Aavay & YIIM ‘UTes 0} UeBeq 4] “UOOUI
24} Jo WYSIT 94} permosqo pue ‘peoids uoos Yorum
sam-yynos ey} UI Butsta pnop e poreadde ais0yy
Ajuappng ‘soptur vayama} ynoge ‘AT[HITNeeq ‘savo NO
UTM JIM OAA “SUTUTYS TOOU OY} pue ‘YJOOUIS SEM
Bye] VU, ‘pleog uo patiiny pue ‘syu9} ano yonsys
om ‘palin, pum oy} “BuIUDAD oY} UT JYSIO ;NOGY
IVNUOOL S ADTANIT DOIVE 99
i
a =
fee
al
ee.
ne bas e neyo
plnom sueIpuy oy} 3ey} ‘sn 0} pomiyuod MOU eek:
i] ‘douueur A[puoly ev UI sn poAteoor OYM ‘a00UIIg 4
JOUIZAOS PO}ISIA OM SY99AM OY} JO 4sIYy pue ‘U19% a
ior Te Jar JO Supy oy} Jo suoturut
-op ay} ut [pepy AACN 0} AOATI. OY} 1OAO POLLoZ oA a
saaejd Ay11p ‘posnjuoo ‘Astou “prep & yng ‘uoryeoyny a
-10y Suosjs & ‘ereBetInyY JO UOstt1es oY} 0} so[tut 90},
-ys10 uo poXouinof pure ‘sju9} Ino yonays OMA “YISS —
; ‘sSury juotour jo a1yojndes ey} ajqeq
-o1d SIOUI LO “UDUTOASTYIE JeI1s DWOS 9}eIOLUBULWIOD
6} 10 ‘uoreoyns0F Jo pury ouros sdeysog ‘aanqool |
-U09 JO JO}}eU SUIeUIOL USISOp oY} yng = “JUNOUT 1 3 ,
-JtJ18 SIY] JO UONVUILO; OY} OOUIS poyeUTsiio sey asod 2 j
-dns [ Yoiga “1azourvip yoaz OM} Jo “Oot, YVO OGM =
B SI Soseq OY} BAOGE Joo} O13 JNOGe UOT}eAV]D OU} "0 a
“yS1Yy J99F XIS WEY} O1OUT 07 Postel “OOUSJOZUINITIO UF
spied Ayy punow y *Ayinbiyue jo ao01d @ 9q 07 ot a
0} poivodde yeym yyIM your pue “no poy[ear T o1oH <
-moqiey yoedd oflut use}ys1o oyuL ynd om pue = a .
-ea diys 0} urSoq syeoq oy} yey} “YSIy os URL yysuey a +
ye yorum ‘oAeM BSuiareoy @ Auvur JoAO ‘orp “OTUT -
Seq [tH veplox) ised Ajioopaa YIIM sn poled puw
‘pasvoroul ATjenpers yor oza01q opjuas Saez e is
aye, oy dn pooys oa‘pjoo pue davys ate oy, “YUIPS
“aye, OYI JO SOpIs —
sy} uo Mes [ Aue jo [NyrNeeq ysour oy} st Aeq S90p ©
-eig ‘punois Adwems pue ‘sheq Jo asouepunge ‘— ;
-qnays pue [[eus zaqui1y ayy ‘Moy AsoA posvodde ayet
ay} jo urSaeur oy} Aouanof s,Aep siy} uy “Axvunes @ j
sassouuex) oy} Jo uorjenyis A[YoIs By} Jo yUNOD.e uc
‘epeueyg sodd q 0} sassouuaxy WiOdy SUIAOWIL ‘sor[roney e
OM} UTA “Log & OWIeD OSTe BLOT “soARIS UeIPUT _
jaquinu ¥ jssuoure podureoue eM o1azyY =*yaBp jnoge
ANOGICFT PLLCYIO YEO 914M OY} }e poate pus—uUe
69 *KLVUUL NVIGNI FHL OL |
passed uay) {poyseyyeoiq pue sory dn yonys saaai
POsSOUUe) JO YINOU ay} JO paeMysea o]771] & 2.10ys
0} at ynd am ‘y90]9,0 34 81a ynoge ‘sn Jsulese Suraq
pum ous, “tysAep s0ye any e ino 19S “puss
"WM JO} 91} OU ye SEM
ay “pres pue faoved jo yoodsoid 24} YIM paseayd pa
-ulaas oy fysI[sun ouos yeods prnoo oym ‘ueu utip
“UT eteaejoq & pue ‘uarpyryo ueydso xis s,19y3}01q
s,uvuyeodg pussumo,y, ‘ueuASaajo ¥—pueog uo si03
-uassed [e10Aos yyIM auIeO CIBSEINT WOdJ }80q B Osje
SHOU M ‘el0Ys 4} spew ‘uMOpuNs Jaye pue ‘sorlum
14919 ynoqge SuIMmoL ‘premsoy pofauanol om uoyAA
‘uooudeyye ay UT Inoj [Ty ‘anoqrey oy} ur Aey aay
"Ysnod J9}e8M OY} pue Ysly SBA puIM oy, ‘puss
: 7 "Souo}S YJOOWS punod YIIAL
peated yours v ayy Jo—ourenbs ya93 AjuaM} 40 ‘u9}
‘UdAdS JO SouO}S Sey pajurol osojo yz1m poaed juse pa
-aeadde ‘ui0}30q 943—daap JaoJ U9} 0} VoL} WO si
JojeM OY, “aOYs WoJ a[IU OUD UeY) o1Ow oAN{UaA
100 PIp 2M ‘padeosa Ajsnojjoarew oavy sidy}0 pue
‘poysiiod aavy ‘sarpnaygrp SUIZBULe Sulinpus JoqzR
‘sdainjusape Auvur suls0js asay} uy ‘saojzem oy} Ul
uoyouMO) suIstidins & oyeur pue “yuonbouy ALA ou
yory “pulm Jo suliojs uappns jo oseo ut uawu}e20q
Oy} JOJ sinoqiey pue sheq wuoy yorym ‘uorssaoons
UT SOl[[@A MOT Udy} $104}080} saziu Joy syueq YSty jo
posoduioo st a10ys ayy, ‘aye, our ojur sutdAjdura s}9]
“NAM [[euls Jo ‘sSurids ou.aArad1ed pynoo 7 yng SaTq
“eyIqey puke potoquiy [fom savodde pur] yy, orrey
"-UQ Jo uldieu UraY}NOS 9} SuOye SI uoljesIAeU INGO
‘yt oyur Ajdura yoryM suaatt oy) Ue) Os oZ0UT yonul
‘plod pue ave]d st aye] ay) Jo sajem ey, *Aueduos
uMO INO 3nq ‘uIIs 9q 0} gary & jou Aep saye Aeg
“awosauoy AtaA Aguanof ay} pure faye, oy} WO WEAN
TIVNUNOL S ATIGNIT goove 89
70 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
not assemble before the Ist of 7th mo. It proved
a close trial, to be so long separated from the dear-
est connexions in life, and driven into the sickly
season of the year, so that I found a necessity for
the exercise of faith and patience. My mind was
turned to the Lord for counsel, in this proving sea-
son. Several things revolved in my mind—whe-
ther to return home, or to try to seek out some of
the scattered sheep in Canada.
27th. Governor Simcoe came to see us at our
lodgings. He conversed with freedom and candour,
on the subject of the treaty,—holding the posts of
Niagara, Oswego, Detroit, &c. As also respecting
certain laws which he wished to take place in the
province, where Friends might be exempted from
military requisitions. To which we replied accord-
ing to the understanding given. He is a plain man,
and much beloved in the government.
After breakfast, we moved out of our lodge in
Newark, embarked on board the boats, and with a
fair wind, stood up the river eight miles to a landing
below the great falls, where is a carrying place of
eleven miles to Chipaway creek, three miles above
the falls. The river or outlet of lake Erie, is about
half a mile wide to this place; where it is contract-
ed to half that width. The bank from Niagara up
here, is about forty feet high, and very steep to this
place, where the elevation is greatly increased. On
our way, we were hailed from the bank by-our be-
loved friends, John Parrish, J oseph Moore and John
Elliott, whom we were glad to see. They returned
to the landing, and we all dined together at Captain
Smith’s quarters, in the mess house, with five or six
of the officers of the regiment of Queen’s rangers,
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 71
There being no house where we could lodge, we
itched our tents in a lot of one Phelps.
_ g8th. Joseph Moore and myself went four miles
. . to see Jeremiah Moore’s family. They related the
dreadful circumstances they were reduced to, in this
country, by scarcity of bread, and provisions of all
kinds, in the year 1789—when they came to an al-
lowance of one spoonful of meal per day, for one
person—eat strawberry leaves, beech leaves, flax-
seed dried, and ground in a coffee mill—catched the
_ plood of a little pig—bled the almost famished cow
a and oxen—walked twelve miles for one shive of
bread, paid twelve shillings for twelve pounds of
meal. One of the lads, who was hired out, carried
his little sister two miles on his back, to let her eat
as his breakfast, and they gave him none tall dinner.
* he children leaped for joy, at one robin being
caught, out of which a whole pot of broth was made.
They eat mustard, potatoe tops, sassafras root, and
made tea of the tops. The relation was deeply af-
‘ fecting. The case being general, one could not help
another. Which brought to my mind, the many
thankless meals, enjoyed in the land of plenty.
This place is situated within four miles of the
grand falls; the noise of which, resembles the roar-
ing of the waves of the ocean, in the time of a storm,
One Indian and a white man, have been carried down
- this amazing cataract, within two years. The white
_-man tumbled out of his canoe just at the beginning
_ of the rapids, and was hurled down. The poor In- —
- dian was asleep, in his canoe, which was tiéd to the
bank; it is supposed some wicked person loosed it,
and it glided down into the rapids, when some per-
son hollowed to him; on which he stood up, struck
72 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
a few strokes with his paddle to no effect, then
wrapped his head in his blanket, and laid down in
his canoe, to meet his horrid destiny. He was found
two miles below; but none of his bones were broken,
‘Here I saw the skin of a porcupine, an animal
about as large as a well grown ground hog, with a
bushy tail, and claws like that animal. His body
interspersed with a vast number of stiff, pointed
quills; which are its defence when attacked. Here
is a beautiful odoriferous little tree, called the Balm
of Gilead. It resembles the lombardy poplar. Here
also, the juniper abounds. They are natives of this
latitude. Gooseberries and currants of divers colours
and kinds, are found here.
My route in all, thus far, seven hundred and
twenty-one miles,
29th. A wet day—which is a blessing to the earth
and its inhabitants hereaway, as it has been exceed-
ing dry. |
30th. Joseph Moore, John Elliott and myself,
went about two and a half miles, to visit that phe-
nomenon in nature—the great Falls of Niagara,
whose thunders, for several days, had with awful-
ness, reached mine ears. When I approached this
tremendous cataract, it truly appeared amazing, and
with the voice of thunder, proclaimed the majesty
of its sublime Architect. When we came to the mar-
gin of the river below the falls, we descended the
almost perpendicular bank, by several windings,
from one rock to another, and with the aid of seve-
ral Indian ladders, at length reached the surface of
the water, I suppose at least one hundred and fifty
feet below the summit. The irregular position of
multitudes of huge rocks, which no doubt had tum-
various kinds 0
‘peen killed by the dashing of the columns of water,
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. — 73
bled from their ancient seats, made our progress up
e toward the pitch, rough and difficult. We found
: ve or
logs, pieces of canoes, &c. in abundance, twel
fifteen feet above the present level of the water—
also ducks, loons, cormorants, catfish, pickerels, and
‘ou: f fish and water fowl, which had
tumbling off a precipice not less than one hundred and
twenty feet perpendicular. The rocks and stones are
- mostly excellent limestone, as are the stones in the
banks for six or seven miles below, where, from
sc every appearance, I think it is not absurd to sup-
a pose, the falls once were, but have worn up to the
present barrier, where the river makes a bend, and
- the water is divided by an island; though two thirds
of it, or more, pass on the north side of the island. I
‘ : think it is not improbable that the lands adjoining,
derive considerable advantage to vegetation, from
the misty vapours which arise, and are exhaled to
the clouds, or blown by the varying winds, on the
neighbouring farms. Some of these are exceeding
fertile; abounding with grass and grain. After spend-
ing an hour or two, almost lost in admiration, we
ascended by the way we went down, and rode eight
miles to the landing, where we dined at Benjamin
Canby’s. :
31st. This forenoon Capt. Hendricks, Little-man,
and three other Oneida Indians came to our camp,
whom we were pleased to see; we refreshed them,
and had friendly conversation, confirming the prin-
ciples of peace and good will to all men.
Here we were within the sound of the martial
trumpet, where I did adopt the Israelitish Jamenta-
_tion, * by Babel’s streams we sat and wept, whea
Vou. I1.—7
| 74 JACOB LINDLEY’s JOURNAL
we remembered Zion, and hung our harps on the
willow trees. ’’ : :
This afternoon, Capt. Hendricks and myself took
boat, and were rowed eight miles down to N avy Hall,
to see the commissioners. After some conversation
on Indian affairs, we returned the same evening.
Ist of 6th mo. Used some endeavours to get our
tents and baggage removed to Chipaway creek:
but could not get wagons because of the late rains.
This is a place of considerable business, which is
principally engrossed by Hamilton, Street, and
Phelps—the former having planted five hundred
bushels of potatoes this year, to supply the troops.
This morning, an Onondago chief came to our camp,
and breakfasted with us.
2nd of the month, and first of the week. A meet-
ing being appointed about five miles distant, I set
out on foot to attend it. On the way, in the woods,
I looked back, and at a few perches distance, were
two Indians coming after me, on a trot—one of them
frightfully painted from below one eye to the mid-
dle of his forehead, with a vermillion red; the other
side, jet black. His cheek and chin under the black,
was painted red, and the other side, under the red,
was painted black. He had a tail of hair, and skins
of beasts, and birds with the feathers on, which hung
down below the calves of his legs, and blew out be-
hind him. He had his scalping knife in his hand.
His stature was middle sized; but his visage was ex-
ceeding fierce and grim, I was quite alone. I turned
sideways, and stood till he came up, I believe with-
out visible emotion of fear, and accosted him thus:
Which way in such a hurry? He said, Hooch king,
Buffaloe creek! and passed along. I went on to the
nike SUN “Ren ae
5 tie a ee ee weeny
~¥
* c 2 - a aecanitia
the clergy for preaching.
having in early life, contracted an esteem for Sam-
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 75
meeting, where my companions and divers Friends,
and other settlers in this new country, came, to the
‘number of about one hundred. The meeting was
solid and satisfactory. We went to Jeremiah Moore’s
to dine, had a solid opportunity in his family, and
_ went to our kind friend William Lundy’s, to lodge.
8rd. Walked to Squire Birch’s mills, on the ra-
pids, above the unspeakably amazing cataract; where
I had a second view of this standing awful monu-
ment of the mighty power of Him, who created the
heavens and the earth, the seas and fountains of wa-
ter. The rapids above, are about one mile square.
-Pleasingly grand is the prospect—the waves dash-
ing, and tumbling from rock to rock, and altering
their appearance every moment. Here also are seen
. the misty vapours from the great falls, rising in curl-
ing columns to the clouds, resembling the smoke of
numerous furnaces. Such are the friction of the par-
ticles of water descending, and the inconceivable
weight of the mass of water, dashing on the rocks
below, that it more resembles smoke than mist.—
Our kind friend Birch has, perhaps one of the grand-
est situations for water works in the world; and I
_think, if he opens his front door, he need never pay
He is kind to Friends,
uel Emlen at sea.
Chipaway creek is about as large as Brandywine,
and boatable fifty miles to the northward. I walked
frem Birch’s to Chipaway. Here is a block house
and piquet, garrisoned by a number of soldiers. —
Lodged at a public house, where we paid a shilling
for a floor to spread our mattresses on, and other
things equivalent.
76 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
Ath. Went on-board one of our boats, and rowed
eighteen miles to Fort Erie, in sight of the lake.
Here is a store house, garrison, &c. The water from
Chipaway to this place, is smooth, and a good run
for boats. Here lay three schooners, waiting a fair
wind, bound for Detroit. We went on board the
Dunmore that evening. ?
Next morning, near sixty Indians came on board,
on their way to Sandusky; among whom were Capt.
Hendricks, Capt. John, and a number of principal
men and warriors, much painted, ears cut, &c.
5th. Quite becalmed. I felt renewed occasion for
the exercise of faith and patience. Expenses of
boarding alone, twelve shillings per day.
The waters of Lake Erie are three hundred feet
higher than those of Ontario, thirty-seven miles be-
low, and are restrained from deluging the country
by the same power which bounds ‘‘ the sea by a per-
petual decree.”? Opposite this place, on the side of
the United States, comes in Buffaloe creek, where
a council of several Indian nations was held a few
days past, preparatory to the general treaty.
In the afternoon, a gentle breeze sprung up, we
hoisted sail, and stood out into the lake. Passed
Point Ebono, the Sugar Loaf, and Long Point on the
north, and Presque Isle on the south.
6th. Ran all last night under a brisk quarter wind.
This morning several of our passengers were very
sick. I felt a little dizzy; but toward noon it subsi-
ed. This lake is, in general, about fourteen fa-
thoms water. As we navigated the middle, from
whence we could only just discern the opposite
shores, we could make no observations respecting
2
the soil. 7
- | any thing else, |
over the waters of this formidable ocean, which has
a barren prospect. , 7
as sth. A gentle breeze from south west, made our
progress toward Detroit tedious, yet afforded time
for conversation and contemplation. There being
: representatives of five different Indian nations on
board; some French, British, German, Scotch, and
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. | RY
| a , Deane. Passed the mouth of Cuyahoga river, forty
or fifty miles above Presque Isle. The scene rather
dull. No variety appearing, neither fish, fowl, nor
, save a few gulls flying this morning,
American United States men; some soldiers, sailors,
merchants, mechanics, and farmers. — Yet, notwith-
standing all the variety of prospects and interests,
a perfect harmony and decorum were observed. In
the observation of which, my faith and hope were a
little revived, in the approach of that glorious day,
when thousands and tens of thousands, yea, nations
4 and kingdoms, shall repair to Zion’s holy and peace-
able ensign; notwithstanding the many opposing
strong holds of mystery Babylon, yet held up and
maintained, in the strong reasoning part of the na-
tural, fallen wisdom of man. |
9th of 6th month, and first of the week. Last
‘night was a solemn, awful season. The preceding
day was very warm. The thermometer at eighty.
A little before sunset, the wind lulled into a per-
fect calm. A dark cloud arose south westward, and
slowly approached us.. About midnight it came on,
with terrible wind, thunder and lightning,—to a
humbling degree to me and the rest, more especially,
as we had fifty barrels of gunpowder on board, and
between eighty and ninety passengers, divers of |
- whom had been fierce warriors, both Indians and
7%
78 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
white men. Under every consideration, I felt my
own righteousness as filthy rags, and dare not indulge
a secret thought that it would be unjust, if the schoo-
ner should be blown up. I had no where to rest my
confidence, save in the unspeakable mercy of Israel’s
mighty God, by whose power we were preserved.
The noise, and exertions of the seamen, were great.
Their care and activity was as commendable, as it
was admirable. My spirit visited my habitation, to
take a solemn leave of my dear companion, and ten-
derly beloved children. I felt the peace it would
be, to yield up life at home. I remembered, I had
been baptized into death, and brought under great
awfulness, even unto tears and trembling, before I
set out on this journey: and upon the whole, I was
favoured with a good degree of quietness and resig-
nation. We now approached near the islands at the
west end of Lake Erie. Our captain lowered sail,
and stood eastward till morning, then put about and
passed the first island about noon. The wind very
unstable, frequent squalls succeeded by little breezes
and calms. In the afternoon, came in sight of nine
smaller, and some larger beautiful islands. ‘This _
day we had a solid, religious opportunity on board.
Capt. John, Capt. Hendricks, and other Indians and
passengers, present—I believe to good satisfaction.
The two Indian chiefs dined with us.
10th. A fair wind—stemmed the heavy current
eighteen miles up Detroit river to the garrison. Ma-
ny plantations are on both sides the river, mostly
oceupied by French people. On our arrival, I went
with three other Friends, to the citadel, to produce
our passport from Governor Simcoe to. the com-
mianding officer, Colonel England, a cheerful, oper
$
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. : 79
eountenanced, masculine soldier, who received us
like a gentleman, and kindly offered civilities to
‘yus,—for which we acknowledged obligations to
: ee ) ;
him. : |
Here are fine banks, well improved. The oldest
© orchards appear luxuriant—apples, peaches, pears,
M _ cherries, &c. But no springs of water, nor streams
|’ with falls: being obliged to have recourse to wind-
| mills to manufacture their grain. Of these mills
ee. - they have a number insight. The inhabitants are a
{ - - mixture of French, German, E:nglish, Irish, Scotch,
"Yankees, Indians and Negroes.
' 11th. Held a conference with Capt. John and se-
© yeral other Indian chiefs and principal men; in
; which our peaceable mission was more fully explain-
) ed, than heretofore. Notwithstanding our disinter-
' ested, and universal principles of love and good will
to mankind, we are sensible our path is narrow, and
- our situation delicate—the eyes of four different in-
; terests being open towards. us;—British, United
- _- States, Indians, and the reputation of our religious
7 society. -
2 __ This afternoon, walked three miles down the west
: a side of Detroit river, to a spring, at which I was re-
U a freshed, not having drank any other than river wa-
. ter for ten days. On our route to the spring, we
o, -ealled at a French house, to keep out of a gust of
; — rain. The famil y appeared polite, loving, and pleased
’ tosee us. On our return, we called to see an old
s noted Indian trader, Isaac Williams, who is well ac- |
i quainted with the Indian affairs, and their disposi-
tions. He related many alarming circumstances of
_ Indian cruelty; and said they were at present more
- haughty and insolent, than heretofore. He rehear-
x
i.
:
82 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
ship, and wanted a copy of our epistle, which we
waived, until the general assemblage at the great
Council. In the evening, had a visit from two re.
spectable, intelligent British officers, who behaved
with politeness and civility.
13th. Had an interview with Capt. Elliott, deputy
under Col. McKee, the British superintendant of In-
dian affairs, who has been, for several weeks, enga-
ged with numerous tribes of Indians, in their coun-
cils at the rapids of Miami, preparatory to the great
Council. Elliott has great influence with the mid-
dle hostile nations of Indians, and being an intelli-
gent person, and I thought, well disposed, might be
extensively useful in promoting the desirable work
of general peace. We suggested to him, as the sup-
plies for the treaty came through his hands, to guard
against spirituous liquors being furnished. To the
propriety of which, as well as to divers other re-
marks, he assented. We received an invitation to dine
with the British officers at the mess house to-morrow.
Through the variety-of company and visiters, my
mind is preserved in a quiet, humble hope, that the
Lord is preparing our way.
Here I met with a Quebec Calendar, wherein was
inserted the names, situation, and supposed number,
of such Indian nations as have hitherto been disco-
vered in North America—being as follows:
The Choctaws or Flat-heads,and the Natches—
situate on the Mobile, and Mississippi, 4500
The Chickasaws,_ - ~ - 750
The Cherokees—South Carolina. - 2500
The Catawbas—between N. and S. Carolina, 150
The Piantias—a wandering tribe, on both sides
the Mississippi, - - - 800
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 83
a The Kasqueasquias, or Ilinois—in general, on
' the Illinois river, and between the Wabash
i and Mississippi, - - - 600 |
: The Peankeshaws—on the Ouabache, - 250
: The Ouachtenons, do - ~ 400
The Kikapous, do - - 300
__ The Shawnese—on the Sciota, ~~ ---\ §00
- ‘The Delawares—west side Ohio, - EE OG
- The Miamis—on the Miami river, falling into
Be ~ Lake Erie—and the Miniamis, - 350
The Upper Creeks, back of Georgia—the Mid-
_dle Creeks, behind West Florida—and the
_ Lower Creeks, in East Florida, - 4000
The Canitas—on the east of the river Aliba-
ces: mous, - - - 700
‘= The Alibamous—west of the Alibaribiis: - 600
_ The Arkansawas—on the Arkansaw river, fall-
ing into the Mississippi, on the west side, 2000
The Anjoues—north of the Missouri, - 1000
_ The Paddoneas—west of the Mississippi, 500
_ The White Panis—south of Mississippi, 2000
_ The Freckled Panis, do - - 2000
4 ve The Canses, do - 1600
The Osages, do - - 600
The Grand Eaux, do - 1000
| The Missouri—on the river Missouri, - 3000
+ The Sioux of the Woods—towards the heads
ofthe Mississippi, - ~~ - - 1800
__ The Sioux of the Meadows, do do 2500
‘The Blanes Barbus, or White Indians with
beards, - - - - - 1500
_ The Assiniboils—far north, near the lake of
_--— the same name, : : : 1500
_ The Christaneaux, do do do 3000
eae
ee,
SEE ETE
Meee es eet Se a
84 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
The Quisconsins—on a river of that name, that
falls into the Mississippi, on the east side, 550
The Mascoutins—south of Puans Bay, - . 500
The Sakis, do do - _ 400
The Michecouakis, do do - 250
Tolle Avvine, or the Wild Oat Indians—near
Puans Bay, - - - “ 400
The Puans—near Puans Bay, - - 700
The Powtowatamis—near St. Joseph’s river
and Detroit, - - - - 350
The Messesaques, or river Indians—being wan-
-dering tribes on the Lakes Huron and Su-
perior, - - - 2000
The Ottahwas—near Lake Superior and Mi-
chigan, ~ - - - 900
The Chipawas, do do do 5000
The Wyandots—near Lake Erie - 300
The Iroquois, or Six Nations—frontiers of
New York, - - 1500
The Round Headed in ae the head of
Ottahwa river, - - - 2500
The Algonquins—near the above, - - 300
The Nepessins, do - - 400
The Chalas—St. Lawrence Indians, on the
_ back of Nova Scotia, - - 2.130
The Amelistes, do do do 550 ~
The Miemacks, _ do do do 700
~The Abenaquis, do do do 350
The Canawayhunas—near the falls of St. Lewis, 200
Total, 58680
This being the number of men fit for bearing
arms; to which add about one-third that number, old
and superannuated—the amount of which number
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. | 85
_-_-multiplied by six, is estirnated to be the whole num-
ber of men, women, and children, of the native In-
dians now discovered.
_This evening, had a visit from Capt. iKeset bro-
| ther to Capt. Brant, and brother-in-law to Capt. John.
He professes Christianity—and spoke of the flood—
also mentioned Noah’s name—and said—“ good man
‘build ship like house—take in two and two pi-
geons—other things—rain twelve days first—bad
men drink grog——dance—laugh at good man—rain
fall very heavy—bad men frightened—run up to the
top of mountains—water rise—rise—bad people get
-eanoes—come to ship—Noah say—go away—shi
: Pp
_full—All drown then. Ship fall on top mountain—
break—all come out. Great Spirit say, no more
ee drown all world. Next, make all gone; fire—rivers
come—powder, lakes too—star fall—set fire—Pooh!
C all come to Great Spirit—to all good people—say—.
come my right hand—go up there to the light—bad
people—say—go left hand—go down dark, fire, brim-
‘stone—never see candle. Got this big book—come
from old England—King George—good man. Mr.
: Steward, my father, give me sacrament—tell me,
pray—-sing. I sing hundred psalm, you please. (Then
he tuned melodiously.) And I'am Captain Keasy,
Captain Brant’s brother—O yes, Captain Keasy”— -
putting his hand on his breast. Thus our interview
ended. I was pleased, nay, thankful, to find his mind
a little cultivated by a sense of right and wrong, and
a belief in future rewards and punishments.
14th. Breakfasted with Captain Elliott and Cap-
tain Cowen, who hospitably entertained us at table,
also with agreeable conversation. On our retura,
we called to see about twenty Chipawa Indians, just
Vou. II.—8s
86 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
arrived from Michilimackinack, about three hun-
dred miles north west of this post, near the west
end of Lake Huron. To which place vessels can
sail from Fort Erie, without interruption of carry-
ing place or falls. These remote Indians were dress-
ed, and painted with black, red, green, and blue;
having turbans round their heads, with pikes and
prongs of skins, feathers, hair, sticks, &c. project-
ing eighteen inches out from the sides of their
heads—frightfully painted and cut—the Squaws and
others, with tails of wild beasts passing over the top
of their heads, and hanging down their backs. But
my genius, pen, and even imagination in its strong-
est picturesques, must fall short of the shocking,
striking, curious prospect of these northern inhabi-
tants of the wilderness. They had drunk rum to
excess, before we reached them. Several were much
disguised. The more sober shook hands, and ap- -
peared friendly, to whom I gave a small present.
Yet two very stout, grim, middle-aged men, were
raised into rage and anger at us, loudly saying—
shemochteman! shemochteman! I said no; not she-
mochteman—brothers, from Philadelphia. At which
they rose higher, and more clamorous. We found
they could understand little or none of our conver-
sation. Some of the young Indians, meanwhile,
were singing the hair off a small animal over a fire,
preparing for breakfast. We conjectured it to be a
puppy:
My heart felt exceeding sorrowful, and the lan-
guage of my soul was, how much owest thou unto
thy Lord! The picture of these poor degraded ani-
mals in human shape, involved many serious consi-
derations respecting the approaching Council; where
eats ; naiearuns 7 =
ta Pate ore otr™ PV wel “ra *
Soe R ; RO Tp ahah
NOSE ‘ e + Pe +S
\ 7 7 5 —-
. & rf ne
pes
.
*
Xs ae Mopac
me
yeas
.
~
>
ear
»
eS
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 87
would probably be many hundreds, more wild and
ferocious than these. My mind was covered with
Jamentation respecting the cause of such degrada-
tion, which, at least in part, appears to arise from
abandoned and profligate white people having the
greatest intercourse with them in their trade, and
towns; to which, stimulated by the love of money,
they resort, at the risk of their lives—carrying their
-yices, immoralities, and bad example with them.
_ These, the poor uncultivated Indians easily imbibe;
and, taking root in a soil, adapted to receive evil
seed, produce fruit, dreadful to behold.
_ The greatest discouragements attending from day
to. day respecting the desired peace, arise from a
query or doubt, that a neglect of religious duty to-
wards these poor people in earlier time, might be
rewarded by a continuance of unrelenting, savage
-chastisement on our borders, from the old inhabitants
of the land; whose murderous practices and their
cruel instruments of death, and engines of destruc-
tion, I tremble to relate—such as rifles, bayonets,
scalping knives, and tomahawks of brass and steel;
‘and the bodies of some almost covered over with
‘silver, tin and other plates, broaches, bobs, &c. as
hostile ensigns. In all which, may I not say with
‘sorrow and blushing, they have been equalled, if
not exceeded, by the professed followers of the meek
and humble Jesus, whose holy kingdom and divine
law suffer violence and depression, to a mournful
degree. 7
This day, we dined at the mess house, with about
sixteen respectable British officers; all young gen-
-tlemen from Great Britain and Ireland: several of
whom were estated men, to great amount. They
88 ' JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
behaved with a modest civility, far exceeding my
expectation from military characters. The enter-
tainment was luxuriously sumptuous, and hospitable,
as to flesh, fish, fruit, and vegetables, with variety
of wines and Seceliont London porter. We dined
at four o’clock, and spent till near sunset in agree-
able conversation, on various subjects—such as reli-
gion, governments, war, peace, theatrical exhibitions;
and, at the conclusion, they begged leave to drink
a toast; which, out of pouiiile ante: they dispensed
with, except the King’s health. We told them we
could not encourage the practice, as it frequently
proved an inlet to intemperance, and sometimes in-
toxication; which they granted—nevertheless they
took the liberty to drink, success to the Quakers i in
the present honourable, and disinterested underta-
king.
After night, a lad named Daniel Frazer, came to
our lodgings. He told us he was taken prisoner by
the Indians, out of Russell county in Virginia. Here
eame also, James Henry, a smart young man, a pri-
soner with the Blind Chief, near the mouth of the
river Roosh, twelve miles from Detroit. He is adopt-
ed; which renders his case difficult. They have put
jewels in his nose and ears, and figured him like an
Indian. ~ He is desirous of returning to his relations
near Georgetown, Eastern Shore of Maryland. In
this house is hired a young woman, whose name is
Field, taken from Ohio, below Fort Pitt, where her
father lived when she was taken. We have met
with divers others, whose cases excite sympathy
and concern, and to which attention has béén paid;
but we thought it most prudent not to make strenuous
exertions at present, lest it might operate to our dis-
~
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 89
advantage at the treaty, in procuring the enlarge-
ment of prisoners more generally. : |
15th. Abiah Park came to see us. He isa trader
with the Indians.
yet says, if one can be made, it will be permanent.
This forenoon felt easy to. appoint a meeting, to be-
gin at ten o’clock to-morrow, at a shop in the ship-
| yard, under the direction of William Baker, a Friend
in principle, and cousin to George Baker of india
delphia.
In the evening several Indians of the Wyandot
tribe came to our lodgings to see us.
-about twenty miles from this place, at a town called
They live
Mogogam. One Samuel Sanders, a Scotchman, who
lives with them, interpreted. They told us they
had heard their fathers say, the Quakers were hon-_
est, and never wronged them; and they hoped we
would stand for justice, and not see them wronged,
at the treaty. We informed them we came in love to
see them, and to renew old friendship; that the power
_ did not lay with us—but we believed the commis-
sioners were sincerely disposed for peace. There
also came to our lodgings, a party of the Chipawas—
an old chief and several warriors, one of whom had
a human scalp, with beautiful fair curled hair on it,
tied to his ear. These were some of those, who, a
day or two before, had treated us so roughly. A
white man who stood near us at that time, and un-—
derstood their language, told us they had a desire
to have our scalps. They appear to be a terrible
nation, fierce, insolent and warlike; and, I believe,
exceedingly injured by their intercourse with the
_ white people, especially the French, many of whom
are little more refined than they. Their almost in-
8 *
He entertains doubts of a peace;
$0 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
cessant importunity for rum, made the interview not
so agreeable. We mostly evaded giving them liquor,
and substituted pipes and tobacco, to put them off.
- 16th. First of the week. Went to meeting, where
a large number of the inhabitants of the town, and
military men, assembled. I believe it was a solid
season, and truth’s testimony was exalted over all
opposition; notwithstanding rawness and dark in-
sensibility were painfully prevalent. We came to
our lodgings, and dined with two Wyandot chiefs,
who: had been to see us the preceding evening. —
They behaved with decency at table, equal to any
of us; handled their knife and fork well, eat mode-
rately, drank two glasses of wine, and through the
whole, conducted with a decorum that would do ho-
nour to hundreds of white people. We afterwards
went down the river in Col. England’s boat, about
six miles, to the house of Judge Powell, where we
had appointed a meeting. The Judge and his fami-
ly -being gone to England, his steward had kindly
offered his house. A considerable number conve-
ned, and I was comforted in a belief that the ever-
lasting gospel was preached in Canada. After which
we returned to our lodgings.
17th. This morning there were many unfavour-
able reports respecting the hostile dispositions of the
Indians, passing on to the treaty. The circumstances
of things appear very critical, and alarming. Even
our personal safety is called in question, and much
doubted, unless the commissioners have very exten-
sive powers. As I was writing in the chamber
where I lodged, two W yandots, much in liquor, came
‘up into the room, and teazed me for rum. I put
them off. After some time they laughed, shook
oS eae
.
alone.
_ Maj. Andrews and several other military gentlemen,
and two of their ladies.
£
exercise, sorrow and pain.
‘tenances awakened all the compassionate feelings of
_my mind, towards them. But my agency seemed so
91
hands and departed. At which I was glad, as 1 was
Dined with Capt. England, Capt. Leaburn,
TO THE INDIAN TREATY.
They were very courteous
and polite.
18th. We wrote a letter two days ago, in order
to hasten the commissioners to come forward to this.
_ place, being more contiguous to Sandusky, and more
in the way of information. This morning we wrote
a few lines to Col. McKee, at the great preparative
council at Miami rapids, expressive of our peace-
able mission. 3
'. Yen principal Indians, Senecas and Cayugas,
: came to see us.
gray hairs, and furrowed brows; evident marks of
Several of them old men, with
around of years, attended with variety of hardships,
Their depressed coun-
feeble, I could only retire into solemn quietude, and
intercede the common Father, to be the comfort and
_ prop of their declining years. The old Fish-carrier
was one of the number. :
This day, my exercise of mind was heavy, and
_ my heart sorrowful, in a feeling of the sufferings of
the pure Seed in this place, and the cruelty.and op-
pression which reign among the children of men,
‘even of the most polished nations. What enormous
salaries are given to military officers, both sea and
land, as also to officers in civil government, who too
generally stand opposed, with thousands. of others
in more inferior stations, to the spreading and in-
_erease of the kingdom and government of the Prince
of Peace. In a little interview with Capt. Munsey,
92 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
a sprightly British officer, I took the liberty to men-
tion the possibility, that when the broils in France
should subside, the African slave trade be abolished,
and a permanent peace concluded with our Ameri-
ean Indians, all this globe might be at peace; and
that swords (of which he had one by his side) might
be beaten into ploughshares. He quickly replied,
he hoped not to see such a time, as it would also
beat up his bread and butter, (meaning his living. )
Such are the views of too many, in this day.
A middle aged Indian, of the Delaware tribe, dined
with us. He talked a little English, by which we
understood he was in possession of several sheets of
ancient writings; that he had heard of Friends, and
just faintly remembered Z. Heston and John Parrish
being at their town. He said there were but Buchon-
geholas, Pipe, and two other chiefs, belonging to their
nation; that we might depend, if they said peace, it
would be peace; but if they said war, it would be
war? Also said, we would find the middle tribes
more faithful and manly than the Chipawas and
Wyandots; for they were treacherous. I told him,
they had called us Shemochtemon, or Big Knife, and
said they wanted our scalps; at which he laughed.
19th. Crossed the river, and went down the east-
ern bank four miles, to the house of John Missiner,
where we had a solemn season, with a number of
his neighbours, to the contriting of the hearts of di-
vers present. Lodged with him that night.
20th. This morning, had a religious opportunity
in his family, in which, and the preceding meeting,
dear John Parrish was favoured, in an extraordinary
manner. After parting with them, we walked up
the river about a mile, called at the house of Francis
pee gy artah ON aa Se eee ie aa)
ee cae eae ay od, ee eee ie:
Py a ee to ges: Se Pe Me GR Oe
ie SAY
ere
sae es Bad
et
ee Sok Ae es re
Spee SOLE ae ee
fees Ria: re oe
het oe Cee bal
ae GR CS te hee
Foe. i
ther look at me, nor speak to me.
~ was lost.
me very wildly.
_ ter. He said, he hoped he would.
up on his feet, and said, my trust is in the Lord,
a ve ce
ae “ pet as ele en ee,
PAY ee EO SIS VG ROS NOS
aa Se py ; - ¥
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 93
| Cornwall, and had conversation with him and his
a precious wife Anna, on the subjects of water bap-
tism, the bread and wine, &c.; which they endeavour-
ed, for a while, to defend; but at length gave it up.
_ We likewise had a close conversation with a French
militia captain, on the subject of war, which we held
to be incompatible with the purity, spirit, and pre-
cepts of the gospel. To the general scope of which,
he assented; but alleged, that according to the oath
of allegiance to his king, when he ordered martial
_ enterprises, he must obey; and that his king must
be responsible for what was done. We silenced his
arguments; and proceeded to Frederick Arnold’s.
On the way, I went to visit a man who was deranged.
He was chained inabarn. At first, he would nei-
He was sitting
down. I spoke to him in the fear of the Lord, and
desired him not to be discouraged; but trust in the
Lord; for he was come to seek and to save that which
He then lifted up his eyes, and stared at
I said, I hoped he would be bet-
He then stood
and not in going into the water. I learned he had
been pressed by some zealous Baptists to undergo that
operation, which he could not consent to. I gave
him some further counsel, and Jeft him. I heard,
next day he was so rational as to be unchained.—
‘Lodged with Frederick Arnold, a long bearded Tun-
ker, an inoffensive man; but, like his brethren, and
too many others, loves money.
21st. John Elliott and myself walked several
_ miles up the river, and were ferried over it in a
canoe, by a Frenchman. The river is about three-
94 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
quarters of a mile wide, opposite the town, In this
excursion I made the following observations:
From Lake Erie up to this place, is eighteen
miles. Each farm is laid out about forty perches on
the river—mostly improved, with houses, gardens,
and orchards; and extending back, where the land is
level, and abounds with grass, and where hundreds
of cattle thrive exceedingly, producing beef, butter,
cheese, veal, &c. in plenty. Their winters are about
four months, in which it is requisite to feed stock.
The country, at present, is excellently adapted for
raising live stock. The soil is mixed, and various,
clay, gravel, sand, &c. “Here are fine fields of wheat,
and peas, but too wet for corn. The whole country
is level, to a fault, without a stone, except on islands
+n the mouth of the river Croeseel, and on the banks
of the lake, which are generally limestone—these
are monopolized by old Indian traders, and sold to
the inhabitants, at a high rate, for the purpose of
building their chimnies, &c.
Hog Island is in sight, above the garrison. It
appears to be well timbered. I am told it took its
name from this circumstance; being infested with
rattlesnakes to such a degree that people were afraid
to enter upon it; and, as the best expedient, they
turned on it a large herd of three or four year old
swine. In time, the hogs destroyed the reptiles so that
it became habitable, and thence was called Hog Island.
Large rafts of excellent timber are brought into
the king’s yard, in this place, from the river Lau-
trench; and some fine masts and beams, come by
water out of lake Huron, quite through lake St. Clair.
The changes of weather, are great-and frequent
here. There are no eels found in the waters, nor
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 95
yats on the. land, west, or above the great Falls of
Niagara. Here is abundance of corn boiled in strong
lye, and made into what we call slut hominy, to go
in the north-west trade, as far as a place called the
“Black North, said to be eighteen hundred miles dis-
tant, now in the hands of British and Scotch mer-
chants. They go thither in batteaux. I saw a man
who resided there three years; who says, early in
the spring they set out with choice peltry, such as
beaver, otter, minks, martins, &c. come to the great
portage, where they are met by the batteaux from
Montreal, exchange their load, and each returns just
‘as winter sets in. To the north-west posts, Indians
| frequently come that never saw a white man before.
_ They are clothed in buffaloe and bear skins, neatly
softened, whitened and dressed. They are kind and
good natured, use bows and. arrows, and have no
fire arms. They cover their cabins with large rough
skins: as the merchants rarely purchase even deer
skins; having such an abundance of more rich furs,
that they cannot send the coarse skins forward. This
trade is rich and extensive, and employs the capitals
of many merchants, both in England and Canada.
The great channel of this trade is down the Grand
river from Huron lake, to which is but a short car-
rying place. An immense quantity of skins pass
this way. The whole of the trade makes way for
large numbers of Canadian watermen to get a living.
- The wages for them, and also for hands on land,
average about six pounds a month. Cows sell at fif-
teen pounds a head—sheep, six dollars a piece—
veal calves, twelve dollars each. 7
The English and German farmers are likely to
alter the manner of living, and customs in this place,
96 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL.
for the better. The old French settlers in general,
are poor economists, and proud withal—live mise.
rably at home, yet appear grand abroad. It is said
they live much on boiled fish, supping the broth with-
out either bread or salt. They are superstitiously reli-
gious, going to mass more than two hundred days
in the year. They have two large worship houses
here, and a number of crosses, set up on the banks of
the river and other places, to evince their christianity,
22nd. Walked up the river about four miles, to a
place called Bloody Bridge, from a contest which
happened there between the British, Canadians, and
Indians, where many fell. We called at a respect-
able French farmer’s, who took us into a curious
garden of fruit, flowers, &c.: also into his ‘ house,
where were pictures, representing Christ on the
Cross, old Saints, &c. John Elliott talked French
to them; they appeared pleased, and behaved polite-
ly. Though much apparent superstition and idola-
try-are indulged amongst them, yet I hope many
are looking beyond it to the more substantial parts
of true worship: although I have seen them after
mass, frolicking and horse racing in the road _pass-
Ing the worship house, or as it were, at the door,
the remaining part of the day, to their reproach.
The buildings on the banks of the river, though low,
being mostly a story and a half, are beautiful, and
the farms fertile—but their fuel and rails are all to
be drawn about four miles. On our return, we fell
in with several Chipawa camps—they had tents of
mats curiously wrought of flags, reeds, rushes, &c.
Their canoes were made of bark, with great skill and
ingenuity.
(To be continued. )
Fs,”
es
FRIENDS’ MISCELLANY.
———————————————————————
No. 3.] SECOND MONTH, 1832. [Vox. II.
JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL.
(CONTINUED. )
23rd. First-day. Had a meeting in the sail-loft,
‘with a considerable number of people. It was a time
of stripping and heavy exercise; yet I trust the gos-
pel testimony did not suffer reproach. A number of
Indians came to see us, and behaved civilly. One
said, he was glad at his heart to see us.
24th. Taken up in writing home.
25th. Air cold and chilly. This forenoon a wolf
was brought to the wharf, which was shot on Hog
Island. Itis said to have been floated there from
the main land last winter on a cake of ice. Since
which time he has killed sixty pigs. The owner of
the island advertised twenty dollars for his head.
A half Indian shot him. He was higher than any
dog I ever saw, and his teeth larger and stronger
than a mastiff’s. He was about six feet long from
the end of the nose to the feet or paws of the hind
legs—of a grayish colour, short, broad ears, ad a
long hairy, but not bushy, tail.
This morning we received account, that a compa-
ny of Chipawa Indians who had got too much rum,
differed in their tent on the commons. Two of them
attacked a third, and stabbed him to death with their
knives. A sorrowful instance of the shocking, hor-
rid effects of this man-bane, (distilled spirits.) This
Vou. 1L—9
100 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
hands. It was also urged, that it was our duty to
use endeavours to promote, and pray for this, in pre-
ference to effecting their extermination. For which
purpose, many dark and diabolical machinations are
proposed; one of these I had recently heard of, viz.
To take a large quantity of liquor, of which they
are extremely fond, and infuse the strongest poison
therein: take it into an army which should make
feint shdws, until the body of them should be col-
lected, then make a sham battle, and retreat with
precipitation, leaving the liquor behind. The sub-
ject was closely combated, and I thought, ended in
favour of the cause of injured humanity. ©
After our interview closed, three of us walked out
to speak to the Chipawas, lately arrived. We met
five or six of them; but they could not understand
us, neither we them, only this much, Chemochte-
man, Bostone. I offered my hand to them repeat-
edly, as also did John Parrish, which they as often
refused. They had come down the lakes four hun-
dred miles; which shows how wide and deep the
prejudice against our citizens has extended.
27th. Were visited at our lodgings by Dr. Wright,
Capt. Munsey, Broadhead, Crawford,’ and several
other officers, who continue very respectful to us.
From this place, many hundreds of bushels of
hominy, go yearly to MclInoi, from whence it is
forwarded to the Grand Portage; there it is parceled
out at one bushel to a man—who is more prudent
than to use one grain in his north-western route of
about eighteen hundred, or as some say, two thou-
sand miles from the Grand Portage, as it is to be his
main support in case of sickness, accidents, &c. one
whole year. But while health remains, they substi-
5
+
“
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. tol
tute huckleberries in their season, which they dry
in the smoke, to take off the insipid sweet taste—
other times, wild rye is gathered and boiled—at
others, they catch large fish, boil them, select the
large bones, which being pounded or beaten, are
packed in the skin of some beast just taken off, to
preserve for use. They kill beasts and -birds, eat
- the flesh and drink the blood, without either bread
or salt. Thus they live. ?
The trade is principally carried on (that is, the
labour,) by Canadians, who are quite as hardy, and
almost as savage, as the Indians themselves.. They
are not allowed- by the merchants at Montreal, to
take into the north-west, more than one bushel, as
their canoes must be of just such a weight as two
men can carry on their shoulders, and will just hold
so much, as is completely filled with goods suita-
ble for Indian trade. The company has arrived at
great opulence by this business. They extend it by
their accounts, so far as to mix, at times, and meet
with merchants of the wilderness like themselves,
a employed by the Hudson Bay company. One old man
is returned, whom John Askin says he never knew
to deviate from the truth, as too many travellers do:
He says he has explored those high latitudes fifty
years, and that far beyond all buffaloes, bears, and
S large beasts of any kind; the country there will pro-
duce no kind of grain, nor large trees; but the most
- fine furs, the beaver, otter, and martin skins, always
selling at market for a third more than middle furs,
Askin says, Alexander Henry frequently tried to
raise corn on the banks of Lake Superior, but never
eould get one ear in perfection. All which, and
abundance more that might be truly inserted, con~
9 *
> 102 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
spire to give forty degrees north latitude the prefer-
ence for human beings to breathe in, This evening,
had a visit from Capt. John Drake, an old Guinea
trader, now a navigator on these lakes, remarkable
for using no kind of drink but water; yet isa healthy,
robust man. He is employed in the north-west trade,
and just arrived from the Falls of St. Mary, at the
entrance. into Lake Superior. On this trade, the
company has one topsail vessel, and a larger on the
stocks, ready to launch. They navigate that lake
about four hundred miles, and some distance up a
river, to the Grand Portage—where the goods are
taken to canoes, by about one thousand men. These
canoes run, as it is supposed, at least fifteen hundred
miles, west-north-west—which requires them to be
exceedingly industrious to make the post before
winter—and when winter sets in a week or two
‘sooner than common, they are frequently caught by
the way. — ; |
One McKenzie, and ten men, set out last spring
was a year, from the Black, or by some called the
Grand North Post, to attempt further discoveries;
they have not been heard of since. He had been
out once before, for twelve months; and met with
mountains of salt ice. He now expects to be out
three years. Some of these northern adventurers
return, and appear as well as those who remain at
home, feasting on delicacies. In short, the young
men hereaway, think themselves no more accom-
plished for company or conversation, not having
taken this journey, than our young gentlemen, not
having taken the tour of Europe.
A day or two past, we had the company of five
Moravian Indians, whose sorrowful history deeply:
affected us.
' been barbarously murdered at Muskingum, they
10 THE INDIAN TREATY. — 103
After ninety-six of their people had
were terrified, and driven from one place to an-
other, seven times. Their last movement was to
the river Traunch, or Thames. They put in seventy
acres of corn last year, which grew to good size,
but being a little too late, was killed by the frost.
E By which means, about one hundred and forty men,
women, and children, are under great suffering, for
want of bread. Government furnished two hundred
bushels of corn for their relief, which was nearly
expended. On consideration of their being as the
first fruits of Indian civilization, and are reputed
yery industrious; as also on consideration of the
eoncern of our society for the natives of the land,
and the business in which we were embarked, we,
on conferring together, were united in prospect,
that it would be right, strangers and pilgrims as we
were, to try our credit to supply them with one
hundred dollars worth of corn and flour. Which
being procured from Matthew Dolson, we furnished
them with it; for which they and their missionary,
Sensemer, appeared thankful; and I believe it had a
good sayour amongst the people here. We wrote
a short epistle, expressive of our good wishes for,
and kind remembrance of them, and sent by Sam.
White, John Kilbuck, and their companions, to
David Zeisberger, to be read generally, among their
society at home.
28th. Warm and sultry. Staid mostly at our
lodgings. :
29th. Had a visit from a Wyandot chief, who ap-
peared to have much concern. respecting the ap-
proaching treaty—also, a remembrance of former
104 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
treaties and belts. Some long and broad belts, he
said they had, that were intended, not only to bind
~. us by the hands, but clasp us by the arms, so that
no small accidents should in future, be able to make
a separation. And that, notwithstanding all that had
happened, the Wyandots felt some of the old affec-
tion to possess their breasts, and he hoped we would
find it so at the general Council: but could speak for
none but themselves. We desired our interpreter,
J. Heckewelder, to assure him we possessed the same
love and friendship for them, and for all other Indians,
that we, or our forefathers, ever did—that our prin-
ciples had always restrained us from making war
against them. But when we believed the govern-
ment was disposed to make peace with them, on
principles of justice, we were willing to leave our
homes and near connexions, and at a great expense,
undertake a long and hazardous journey, to endea-
vour to promote it, and to be present at the conclu-
ding of so good a work. On delivery of which, he
_ said, he knew long ago we did not fight, but were
for peace. He then got up, and shook hands with
Friends, then sat down, and spoke in substance as fol-
lows: That as we had come a long journey, and were
all preserved in health, it was evident the Great
Spirit was pleased with our coming; and he hoped
some good would be done, and that the Great Spirit
would bring us home in the same good health, with
peace and joy. To which we replied, we were glad
of such an opportunity to talk with him, and if the
great and good work of peace could be effected, we
hoped we should return home with joy and peace;
which was all the reward we wanted or looked for.
He asked whether it would be disagreeable, if he
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 105
syrsis to come and dine with us, to which we invited
him. |
We were also visited this morning, by Abram,
Katherine his wife, Rebekah and Mary, his daugh-
e ‘ters. They live at Miami Rapids, are Mohickons,
and appear much civilized. Also, some Shawnee
women, one‘a widow, who, because of her situation,
had taken off her bobs, jewels, and trinkets, with
which the others shone with splendor, having massy
plates of silver about them, I have no doubt, to an
amount that would have clothed them in silk and
velvet. Had it not been for the profuse introduction »
of distilled spirits amongst these people, and the
frauds in consequence of it, imposed upon them, al-
go the ravages and depredations of war, with multi-
plied murders and thefts, they would at this day have
‘been a very wealthy people in silver and gold, cat-
- tle and horses. But the reverse is, at present, their
‘sorrowful situation, I fear to our condemnation. The
history of their barbarity, treachery, and breach of
faith to the white people, and to one another, which >
ene _*we have heard rehearsed by people well acquainted
with facts, since we arrived here, would be painful,
tedious, and indeed too shocking to relate. These
circumstances almost stagger the faith of their best
- friends. Even one of the Moravian missionaries
said, that even if peace should be concluded, it
would not last long, until they were further chas-
tised. John Parrish asked, by what means? Did
he mean the sword? It was answered, yes—not
until they were convinced the United States were
too powerful for them, and able to subject them.—
These being the sentiments of those who had lived
_ long among them, solely to promote peace, and the
PERE BSS ee ee a
% <= ty Le SU eee ne ee
: i os
106 JACOB LINDLEY S JOURNAL TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 107.
ny sung aloud. I saw them through the windows,
from our lodging. _Many of them appeared sincere.
> But oh! the clouds of lifeless ceremonies, of images,
ye pictures, water, wine, wafers; schemes of human
¥ policy and earthly wisdom, operating as so many
- yeils which obscure the inshining of the rays of the
sun of righteousness, darkening counsel, to a sorrow-
_ ful degree, often amongst men in eminent stations.
Indeed, the veil of the covering, spread over all na-
‘~ principles of the gospel, proved very discouraging
tous. They also pronounced it impossible to in-
struct them in the principles of justice, equity, and
government; which I was not willing to admit.
We had a visit to-day, from Nathan Williams, an
intelligent man, especially in Indian affairs, which
he has been intimately acquainted with. He, ina
friendly manner, suggested fears that we would be
either killed, or kept as hostages, at the ensuing
Council. And truly I am not astonished at their ideas, tions, is only destroyed in proportion as we approach,
considering the spectacles of human misery they are and ascend the Lord’s peaceable, holy mountain, in
almost daily presented with, and the rumours they the purity of his saints, as little children,—where, -
hear—where tribes of Indian warriors have so fre- eS Pehhout cloud of ceremony, or mist of darkness or
quently passed, with their disconsolate prisoners; we Dabelict, their angels do behold the face or appear-
_and with poles stuck up in the front of their canoes,
some with fifteen, others with thirty scalps suspend- ho
ed on them, in trophy of their courage and victory. .
Though it must be said in honour of British huma-
nity, and commendation of this government, Upper
Canada, and its truly respectable and generous offi-
cers, they have interfered to the relief of scores of
prisoners, and obtained their redemption at a great ~
_ price. Divers of these we have met with, and they
appeared as the very outcasts of England and Ire-
land, who, as Col. England, and other officers, told
me, hardly had the manners to acknowledge the
kindness, though in some instances it cost one hun-
dred pounds. But in case of a real American, they
never begrudged it.
ance of their Father in heaven,—they behold his
“universal love,—in his pure fear,—in the awful at- ue
tributes of his righteous judgments, —and incompre- _ ihe
hensible mercies,—more than heart can think, or | : Mt
i tongue can speak,—and, in abasement, they bow be- |
:
fore the name of the Lord Jehovah, in whom sure-
i A ly, is everlasting strength, and to whom, I desire to
* ‘commit my cause, and commend my soul, with my |
dear companion, and our tender babes, if we should
never more meet in this vale of tribulation. Wt
oe Last night, about eleven o’clock, five or six guns ) A
- _went off smartly one after another. The report ie
sounded unpleasant, especially, anticipating if it ie:
' should so happen at Sandusky, how it would re
. : . Lunderstand it was at some wolves,
This has been a high day at the Roman chapel; CREE slowed a neighbour’s sheep. .
being canonized in honour of St. Peter. They rung - - 30th. We were visited by a principal man of the.
Ce 2 th Santee ean te hort At ie Wyandots, called the Blind Chief, with his nephew,
fen, they assembled at the chapel in great numbers, | 4 _ grand-son, and great-grand-son, a likely lad of twelve
Aa rene rane Hn Sete and i years old: They were well dressed, and appeared
108 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
friendly. We informed them, by an interpreter, of
our friendly motives in this visit, and explained our
‘uniform peaceable principles and practice, for more
than one hundred years; and that we wished to pro-
mote peace in our country. He told us, eight of
their principal men were gone to the Council at
Miami Rapids, with pacific views and intentions.
They took leave of us in a decent, respectable man-
ner.
This day, we had two meetings in the king’s sail-
loft, largely attended by citizens, officers, and sol-
diers, of Detroit, which, though deeply exercising,
wading us through mire, and dire and rubbish, yet
were to a good degree, satisfactory.
Ist of 7th mo. Breakfasted at Capt. Elliott’s: af-
terwards, attended the burial of Isidore Shone, at
the Roman chapel, where the priest in his pontifical
robes, was preceded by a man bearing on an ensign
like a halbert, a large cross; and attended by singers,
and two little lads, each with a candle. They, with
the priest and singers, were clothed in black petti-
coats, and covered over the arms and shoulders with
a white surplice, which reached down to the knee.
When the coffin, which was covered with a black
pall with costly fringe, approached the threshold of
the chapel, the bearers made a small halt, the priest
turned round with a brush in his hand, and sprinkled
water on the apparatus about the deceased. I did
not go inside of the house, but saw numbers of light-
ed candles burning in it; which made but a feint
light, as the sun shone bright, and the day was ex-
ceeding warm. Notwithstanding which, the eccle-
siastical part of the procession went bare-headed,
and very slow, muttering, or rather growling, a sen-
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 109
tence or two of Latin, over and over, all the way.
Indeed the whole of this religious parade, appeared
to have more of Jewish ceremony, or Gentile super-
‘stition in it, than Christian simplicity or gravity.—
They deposited the poor tabernacle under the floor,
rung the bells, sung aloud, made their sanctum sanc-
torum resound, and then departed. Numbers of them
come to mass on first-day, eight or ten miles, just
step in, and (they say) rhyme over their paternoster,
dip their finger into the font, cross themselves, and
out again, to drink and frolic.
2nd. I went on board the Ottoway, Capt. Cowan,
_. just arrived from Fort Erie, in hopes of hearing from
home; in which I was disappointed.
I found eigh-
. teen Oneida Indians on board, with whom I had
some conversation.
The captain informed me, he
had put sixty on shore at the mouth of the Miami,
on their way to the Rapids, where, we are inform-
ed, twelve hundred Indians are assembled. This
day we received a letter from Colonel McKee, con-
taining friendly sentiments, and an assurance that
we should have timely notice of the opening of the
treaty. We also received one from a young man on
board the Chipaway, informing that Colonel Butler,
who was passenger with his Indians on board Capt.
Cowan’s vessel, came on board their vessel, and in
conversation in a select company, where he had no
suspicion, expressed, that if the commissioners should
propose, or even hint any other terms than what .
were concluded upon by the Indians, he would not .
think it strange, if every person from the colonies,
commissioners, Quakers, and all, should be sacrificed
on the spot; for they knew no distinction, but their
own people. This, the young man communicated te
Von. II.—10
ep sab me
POMS 2 Br 3
Pee
Gate
ee
en a
110 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
us out of pure friendship, having heard it himself:
which we treasured up at present. But truly, the
pressure of murdering, dark, blood-thirsty spirits,
from day to day, is exceeding heavy; always re-
quiring us to watch and pray, that we may be fur-
nished with the whole armour of light. ;
3rd. Col. England came to visit us. We went to
see his garden—in the interview, he showed every
mark of respect to Friends, and desired us as often
as we wished, to retire into his arbours in the heat
of the day. We acknowledged his kindness, and
went to our lodgings to dine, where we had the
company of a young Shawnese chief. He was neat-
ly dressed in Indian style. I computed he had, at
least, one thousand silver broaches stuck on a new
silk hunting shirt. He behaved at table with great
gentility. |
4th. Fourteen Indians came to see us. They ap-
peared friendly. The weather exceeding warm. Al-
though we are well supplied with provisions, yet,
the water being all brought from the river, and
standing ina tierce in the sunshine, makes our drink
disagreeable. This, with a host of flies by day, and
fleas and bugs by night, added to our state of sus-
pense, required some fortitude and patience to keep
our post, without looking back, or meditating an
escape. .
5th. Had some conversation with an intelligent
woman, who had been taken prisoner in Kentucky,
and separated from her husband and nine children.
All had been favoured to meet again except one,
which she says is now in Kentucky. She says, three
hundred and ninety-five persons were taken, and
scattered through the wilderness at the time they
—
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. . lil
were, fourteen years ago. Such a situation, contrast-
ed with a land of peace, and the security of life,
liberty, and property, may enable us to make some
estimate of the blessings we enjoy, and the princi-
ples which lead to a permanent security of them.
~ This morning the Ottoway, Capt. Cowan, sailed
for Fort Erie, to go by the way of Miami Bay, hav-
ing provisions on board for McKee and the Indians
at the Rapids. With whom Capt. Elliott, deputy
Indian agent for the British, embarked, to join
McKee at the council. We acquainted him repeat-
edly with our design in coming to this country, and
our prospects of the importance of the business in
agitation, and engaged him to use his influence as
- speedily as possible, to open the way for a treaty. 1
‘sent by this vessel some intelligence to Philadelphia,
and sailed up the river past Hog Island and Pearl
Island, into the lower end of Lake St. Clair, which
is about thirty-six miles long, and eighteen broad.
After taking a prospect of Gross Point, the residence
of Commodore Grant, viewed N. Williams’s stone
wind mill, dined at his house, and returned eight or
nine miles to our lodgings. William Savery and
William Hartshorn, in our absence, were visited by
_a Shawnee warrior, who announced to them what had
before been frequently suggested to us by divers per-
sons, that if the commissioners did not immediately
agree, that all the land west of the Ohio, should be
evacuated, and given up by the United States, or
_ even hinted any thing to the contrary, by offering
gifts or money as purchase, of which they under-
stood they had brought abundance with them, that _
none of them, or their company, would ever go off
Pe the ground alive—for their fathers, who are now all
~~
112 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
gone, had sold lands for knives, broaches, and rum, till
they were now driven almost to the sun-setting,where
they were determined to make a stand. He com-
plained of the ruinous consequences of the introduc-
tion of spirituous liquors amongst their fathers, say-
ing, at first, they called it bitter water, and some,
fiery water. But by repeated offers of it to them,
they at length fell in with it, to their hurt in gene-
ral. He also informed, that four days before he left
the Rapids, a deputation of two chiefs of each nation
had embarked to meet the commissioners at Niaga-
ra, to let them know the outlines of their conclusions,
and that if the white people would settle to the banks
of Ohio, on the east side, and agree that the river
should be the line, they would be glad, and take them
by the hand, and call them brothers. All which intel-
ligence, he said, might be depended on as true. Our
apprehensions that the commissioners were vested
with no such powers, and that the government had
no such intentions, tended to thicken the cloud which
seems impending over this land; as the seeds of de-
struction are sowing in a soil, prepared to produce
shocking scenes.
‘This same Indian, getting raised with strong drink
- In the afternoon, made a stroke with his tomahawk
at one Sylvester Ash, an interpreter, who had long
resided with the Shawnese ; Ash’s exertions pre-
vented his killing him; he then knocked off our
landlord’s hat, who struck him several hard blows,
and turned him out of the house. Capt. Munsey,
peng present, sent for two-soldiers, who put him
“out of the garrison. He was much enraged. Upon
the whole, all things conspire to increase the gloom,
| TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 113
and assure us that nothing short of wisdom from on
high will do for us to lean to.
6th. My mind was deeply exercised with a con-
sideration, how the way may open in this dark land,
to lift up our testimony for the excellency of the
government of Christ, our Redeemer, in these hea-
then regions of both white and red people. The
Felicity is just arrived from the Miami, and con-—
firms the account of the Indian deputation being —
gone to meet the commissioners at Niagara, accom-
panied by Col. Butler and Simon Girty.
“th. First of the week. Held a meeting in the
sail-loft, which was in a good degree comfortable
and satisfactory. Just arrived from the Rapids, Capt.
John, David Kennedy, and Mohican Samuel, by -
whom we received a letter from Capt. Hendricks,
importing, twenty nations were then assembled; that
there were runners sent to bring forward the Poto-
watomie chiefs; that in a few days, they should move
to Sandusky, and that a desire for peace was gaining
yround amongst them. This account, from aman
in whom we had confidence, was encouraging to us.
In the afternoon, we held a meeting for worship
at a mill, at the river Ruzche, about five miles from
Detroit, with a considerable number of middle aged .
and young people, to the peace of our minds. Re-
turned in the evening, they having sent up horses
to bring us down and carry us back.
8th. Had an interview with David Kennedy, a
learned, intelligent man, just returned with Capt..
John from the Rapids. He informs, there are a nu-
merous host of Indians there, and that the general
sentiments were looking towards peace; yet the
young Shawnese were high, and rough in their
10 *
Yaa
Vs
‘
Hyg
i
t
i
wy
4
ia)
a
ob
a
ie
at
Ph
HA
wy
sip tae A
ies Soe
oe age
8 0} paliseul st AF = “UII YIM MoTALORUT Aypuory e
pey 9A4 “SN 998 03 OUTED JoyorP on[g ‘ydeyQ “yIOT
‘ode}IOg puerg ay} puok
-9q SajIU puesnoy} suo ueY} o10UI J0J ‘sIOATI put
‘sayey aii ‘sayppnd ‘syooro Auew se pue ‘sooeyd
Surf{ireo Ajyoutu s9A0 ‘Mor pue Arseo Lay snyy,
rayoA oY} 0} pourojsnooe ‘yoou s,yooT[Nq v se pacy
s9ul090q UTYS oy} ‘yISuazT ye nq {spuey useI3 uo
uMOP UNI [[LM poolq sy} [QUN ‘slapfnoys s10q} uO
gourd oy} Atieo usu omy, “AGM BY} UO SsUIe}JUNOW
OM} pUddsep pue pudsdse pue fo1ou ArIvd [IM OIG
ING *a0uvystp yey} ALIvd 0} URW YOeO IOFJ USPING poe}
-eindyjs oy} st‘yovo spunod AjzuaAa8 jo saypung sa14}
pue “19A0 SoyIUL OUIU SI }T « 7ose}I0g pueixyy 94} 7
poAojdurs uew e wos ‘Aep-0} JUNODDe Ue pty Ose JT
‘suSISOp YONS je JST}.AIe UL ST OUM ‘290169 “ydeg Aq usy
-e} Ajsnorind ‘syyey yeous oy} Jo YO}OYs & YIM poyues
-aid sem | ‘purjSuq ‘jog ys MorArozut Aur uy
‘payied
-ep pue ‘JOM sn poysIM ay SoUIM JO OMX} IO ssv[a ae
SULYULIP JoJY “sN YRIAM oq 0} pels sem oy yey} pue
4y
OY} SB “SOU UIEY} poUroDUOD 41 se ‘Op 0} JeYM MOU
JYSIuL suotyeu uvIpuy ayy jo yaed oatjoe pue Sunod
ay} yey} ‘ooved jo yaomM 9y} YM YSnoiyy Jos yySIUr
om poystm Ajiyreoy oy ‘pres pue ‘posvaid poseadde
ay YoTyar UTAA “Assequio yuosoid oy} ul UaUIUIaA
-03 oy} jo AjLIa0uIs oy} Jo suotsuoyoidde sano osye
pue ‘Sururod ut a19M SMOIA INO yeyM pue fatoM OM
oyM Mouy wy joy pue ‘4oja1dr0jzur ue Aq wITY 04
eyods 9A, “UlaYy} JssuOMIe UVES peYy [ podUeUOqUNOD .
_ plyos Jsour oy} ‘Sueur poSe-a[pprur e sem UI} Jo BUG
‘@saUMLYS [e1oA0s uo1y ACP-0}7 JISTA B pey OsTe OAK
SII ‘ALVIUL NVIGNI FHL OL:
"pepiies aq prnom sioyjeu podoy pue “Aemeé
euled ay o10joq uorurdo sty UdAIS pry ynq SjearjUO TY
0} Suros sem ayy “3494 jou prp pue ‘ajdoad ssay
-uley ato Ady} yey} pue ‘s1ayengd jo prcey pey oy
‘potjder afy = ‘aoved oem pue 4Yeoy 0} £14 0} oO.
219M OM Jey} pure ‘ooved Jo uour o1aM OM *‘sIoyWeny
poyyeo aydood oy} jo ouo sem 7 mouy wiry Buy;
“rajoidsazur ue Aq wiry 03 oyods 7 -ueur ve jo aanSy
ouljnosei “oatiq YW “yey poaovy v pur ‘spossey pyjoS
YUM “GoIvos UL possoip sem az “Jtojop s.11eIO “IS
[ertouos) ye pueUIWIOD Ul sem ‘pres st 71 SoYyM ‘soresA
“aq oy} Suowr so1ssem joryo v Yoyour onjg ydeg
youl J a1oyM ‘purpsury ‘jo JIstA 0} JUOM T "YIG
7 re
posvodde tye yy = 3ys1y jodsoS 10 ‘ourysuns yenyinds
YIM osed oy} A[nay st YOryM— UI00;S v 9YTeI ynq fyre
ye WYSIy ou yoayor 0} porvodde ‘ourysuns uerprzout ut
“Gory ‘so[pued poyysry yy poystuades AT] Nzepuo sm
BEM asnoy sy, ‘uorNsiodns pue duiod ystuoy jo
oouepunqe Yy}IM papusgzye ‘fensn se ‘sem yy “pro savad
us9}Jy puke pearipuny eu oq 0} pres ‘uew ke jo ‘jodeua
uvUIOY 9Y} 4e JUdUTZOJUT JoYyjoue sem Lep sIyT
‘suotjeu [njtamod ore Aoyy, ‘19yz0 yoro ysureSe
‘spoo AA 9Y} JO xnolg pur ‘smopeop 94} JO XNOIg pue
semediyg oy} udeA\jaq poduaUIUIOD BALY saTTITYSOY
784} poojsispun Ajajey oaey 9AA ‘9}01M OY YOIyA
10} (siejjop oAy) Aouow oulos uly Juss OsTe ‘fanuIeg
Aq syotipusyy ‘ydeg 0} o}04M OM UOOUaIOJ SIT,
"UJIM 9zIUN OF
paivodde Aay} yoy fa0eed Jo Yom 9y} ajowoId |
QoUaNGUl I1ay} VsN 0} Way} SuLtisop ‘suONeN, XIG 94}
JO SUBIPUT OA[2A\} JO a3 JNOGe YyTM Ajz1unjz0ddo ue
pry Osje oA “S1OIIeEM au} Ayjervadsa ‘suontsedsip
TVNUNOL S AATANIT doove PII
116 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
French merchant’s daughter, late of this place, now
deceased. Two Cayugas also visited us. But we
painfully feel the want of suitable interpreters.—
Many understand their language; but our sentiments
being generally peaceful, serious, and religious, so
opposite to those held by persons qualified to serve
us, that what they delivered, appeared to be with
shame and reluctance. This put it out of our power
fully to relieve our minds. My mental powers often
centred in-secret intercession to the Preparer of
hearts, that the travail of my spirit might be con-
veyed through such aqueducts, to their advantage
and edification, as may best consist with his wisdom
and power. As our minds were bowed, and patient-
ly waded under it, there evidently appeared a seri-
ousness at times to impress their countenances. —
Last evening we received a grateful letter from the
Moravian Indians.
We had interviews to-day with several Indians,
Munseys, Shawnese, and Delawares, to some satis-
faction. They appeared pleased with our motives
in coming. This afternoon, I visited a young woman
educated -at Newport, Rhode Island. Her father’s
name, William Foster. She went from home, con-
trary to her father’s will, with one Molay, an offi-
cer in St. Clair’s army. He was killed in the defeat
of 1790, and she taken prisoner by the Indians, who
kept her eleven months. She then got off, and has
since lived in Detroit, and by her conduct, evinced
that she was not thankful enough for the many mer-
cies, and great deliverances wrought for her. Lat-
terly she has been taken with epileptic fits, of which
she frequently has divers ina day. The intervals of
health are filled with bemoanings and cries for mer-
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 117
cy. Notwithstanding it appeared to me to be the
chastening hand of judgment laid upon her, yet my
sympathy was touched, to consider if she was my
child, poor and quite destitute of friends able to
comfort her, how should I feel. O! saith my soul, .
that the multiplied mournful instances, recited in the
catalogue of rebellion and disobedience to parents,
___ might have the happy effect to induce young people,
early to seek the kingdom of God, and his righteous-
‘ness: so would they be preserved out of snares, temp-
‘tations, and beds of anguish and sorrow, the sure
rewards of sin and disobedience.
11th. Dined at Abbott’s, a Detroit merchant,
‘with all our company, except Joseph Moore. Indian
affairs was the topic. In-the course of the conver-
sation, I felt some zeal for the testimony to arise;
under which I spoke plainly to divers points, and
-gome persons present urged the necessity of whip-
ping, or further chastising the Indians, and the im-
possibility of effecting their reformation without it.
12th. Went down the river four miles, and paid
three or four little visits to some friendly people.
This afternoon, a vessel arrived from Fort Erie,
bringing accounts that the Indian deputation had ar-
rived there, and the commissioners were returned
to Niagara. Which accounts, with no way opening
ters from Philadelphia, make our situation here, sin-
gularly trying. .
13th. A small vessel arrived from Fort Erie,
which brought letters from my wife, M. Miller,
brother J. L. and Jonathan and Rumford Dawes,
all fraught with love, and instructive communication.
- This was a joyous feast to my mind, and as marrow
as yet, to see the Indians at the Rapids, and no let-
ee
t
qnq ‘Aajunod oy} Jo o3e3s AyIeoyun Yom oy} Aq Ajuo
jou ‘pozonaysqo st “uesoad ye ‘uonendod jo ssossosd”
eee
;
a
OYL, "JoRe}eO sHo[feareut ay} Jo Vor NUTT FOURAINY —
v fq poaosdwur oq {tM AyUNOd 9y} “yqnop ou saRy Y |
Ԥsgsvo10UI UONRAT][NO Se pue :od"zINs JUOSaId OY} 0} p
-19MO] Sey 10}eM oY} Sa1Ojoq pauoryUsUT se ‘sT[ey years
ayy jo Aeme Zurseom pue Suryeoig oy} AG ‘“poaMmoy
-I9A0 []@ o1aM ‘purl jusoelpe mo] Jo ‘sar10e Jo spue
-noy} Jo suo} oY} pues *payiun 90U0 oTOM uBsIYoI Ay
pue ‘olny “ate[g 39 SuoINn PF] soyey] yeyy Jotpaq & GyLA po
-ssoidunt Ajsuo1js sea puium APL “oye Jopun yun
ysOU[e SI [eloued UI puk] oY, “oYe] 24} Jo UIsLeU
ey} UO paAdasqo oie se Yons ‘seoe[d sJaAIp Ul SOUOTs
punoy | ‘oynor Aut uy “soysseu pur ‘ssoq ‘sduems Aq
pajuosoid stm uolsindxe Joyjiny Au usym ‘ley e
pue oyu & ‘spoom 94} OUI Jno poyyem | ‘AEp SIYT,
‘oyl] SUlINp osep
-uoq Ul prey ore ‘aoe URdIAIZW OY} Jo Jequinu & pue ©
‘Kaui ‘Ajsaqty] 10} powey os UBWIUAIAOS YsIpIg B UE
yey} SYUIY. 0} [NJMO.IIOS SI yWyng ‘suoryeu foumeg
zo (xno1g) ‘zong 9y} wou ‘semediyg oy Aq usyey
Ayeiyo ‘saarydeo ore oy ‘sutung Jo ‘sAoumed pe
-[jeo ‘soavys ueIpuy Jo sorveds & paAtasqo 9M a1op{
-Ajrunjioddo
-ysuy oy} Aq psemAoj 0} SsouIpeot UT aq 0} ‘suBIpUT aur
0} apisida y10ys e osTe ‘aayfoyT "JOD 0} o}01m Om SAP.
-var} posodoid oy} Sunuodosd ‘s1auoissturwod 9y} OF
Assequia ueipuy ayy jo aAtsuoyoidde Sulog ‘sonul}
-u0d osuadsns Jo 9}¥}S SNOIXU INQ ‘“poAJasot YOnNUE »
sivcodde oy $},01[["] YIM MOIAJOJUI UB peFT “YICT
‘pasidsuet}
yoA sey rayyany Suryjou ynq ‘spidey oy} wos poatt
-1e ysnf sey youpa ydeg “rear 0} OF Jou pIp yey}
ojdood e se ‘suoyeu oy} ul sloyend ayy jo yeods 07
6IT “ALVGUL NVIGNI GH OL:
a® s
Ayuanbaiy pasn oy} ‘shes ayg = *satmaue .ney, uo
91Nj10} JO Spoyyeu s19y} Jo Aueul Jo Junovoe ue aAeF
ays ‘suBIpuy 94} Jssuowe souosiid & Buoy useq prey
eyg “UBUIOM oATSUAOUT ue suldas OY SazIM SAW
UuOWIg YIM SuIsiaAuod jo Az1unj10ddo ue prey T
‘soovid 104}0 aulos Ul HI 4Jay aAvY ] se ‘uoTUIUT
-Op Jey} OJUT osIL Jou seop ‘pue, ystuo,Aqeg siy} ut
*“ypnay “41 Ui Ye Jo Jue pur 41 04 UOI}U9}} CUI 113}
ysnoaiy} ‘ajdioutsd ourarp oy} Jo souesouSr ySnoryy
yng ‘uoseas jornb ‘prjos & sem yy “sn 07 payorzye AT
-189U O18 WOYM Jo siaArp ‘ajdoad jo saquinu oSuey e
Aq popusyje sem yoy ‘pied-drys ay} ur drysiom oF
suljoour o1[qnd’e pjafyy “9am OY} JO SUI “WIPT
‘yueseald
cia jou sem ‘asuadsns syoom oAY Jaze ‘aoUeSTTJO}UT
SIU, ‘sAep Moj B UI Sn 99s 03 poadoy pure ‘oouaned
Jayyiny ino possop Aoy} ‘aoustezu0d yaoys & aq 0}
SEM JISY ‘“dOIWIG “AON Jo ODUDIPHe oY} UI YoIeds
joys @ oAtY 0} “T[eFT AACN’ 0} UAN}OI 0} poysonb
-91 919M SIOUOISSIWMIUIOD 9YJ—YAequia 0} jNogGe 910M
Aoy} se ysnf ‘uoyeyndop uerpuy oy} jo [eAliae oy} Sula
-unouue ‘SuLdyoIg *[OD Wood sn 0} 19730] & JYSNOIg
OS] [OSSOA SIU, ‘SN JO YOR 0} [lo Surjyeisesu0d 9y}
oyly sea ‘auoy ye spuslay ino jo syisids oy} Jo [rweAesy
pue ‘Ayyedurds ‘djay oy} jooy pue puy oy, “pueq
8H] Ino 0} urusyySue1s pue Suysoywoo ATyenynur
o19aM YOIYM “SG6LT ‘OUL YI9 JO UIQ ynOge poqep [je ‘19
-yulig Aquap wor suo pue ‘uoyequieg uyor uw0ay
auo ‘uO}IOquINg sauep uloIy oUO ‘sapjsida [e1oued
291Y} POAIOIII OS[e 9AA ‘UOIIOY} JURepUsTe spisod
pue sjoIguoo posed oy} yy ‘Aousinol ssousopyias
INO JO SaI}[NIWIp sy} 49}UNOdUd 0} ‘UOeoIpop pue Aa
-UdAIOJ SUISVIIOUI YI SuIeulIUL pure “uguIaSeinod
-Ud pue UOT}ejosuOD YonuT Sulsoysturm ‘souoq Aut 0}
TVNUOOL S,AMTIGNIT TOOVE Sil
118 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
to my bones, ministering much consolation and en-
couragement, and animating with increasing ferven-
ey and dedication, to encounter the difficulties of our
wilderness journey, with the varied conflicts and
perils attendant thereon. We also received three
general epistles, one from James Pemberton, one
from John Pemberton, and one from Henry Drink- |
er, all dated about 6th of 6th mo. 1793, which were
mutually comforting and strengthening, to our little
band. To find and feel the help, sympathy, and
travail of the spirits of our friends at home, was like
the consecrating oil to each of us.
brought a letter to us from Col. Pickering, announ-
cing the arrival of the Indian deputation, just as they
were about to embark—the commissioners were re-
quested to return to Navy Hall, to have a short
speech in the audience of Gov. Simcoe. As it was
to be a short conference, they desired our further
patience, and hoped to see us in a few days. This ©
intelligence, after five weeks suspense, was not ry
pleasant.
14th. First of the week. Held a.public meeting
for worship in the ship-yard, which was attended by
a large number of people, divers of whom are near-
ly attached to us. It was a solid, quiet season. But
through ignorance of the divine principle, through
their inattention to it, and want of faith in it, truth,
in this Babylonish land, does not rise into that do-
minion, as I have felt it in some other places.
I had ‘an opportunity of conversing with Simon
_ Girty’s wife, who seems an inoffensive woman. She
had been long a prisoner amongst the Indians. She
gave an account of many of their methods of torture
on their enemies. She says, they used frequently
This vessel also.
.TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 119
to speak of the Quakers in the nations, as a people
that did not go te war. Capt. Elliott has just ar-
rived from the Rapids, but nothing further has yet
transpired.
15th. Had an interview with Elliott; he appears
much reserved. Our anxious state of suspense con-
tinues. Being apprehensive of the Indian embassy
to the commissioners, preventing the proposed trea-
_ty, we wrote to Col. McKee, also a short epistle to
the Indians, to be in readiness to forward by the first.
. opportunity.
- Here we observed a species of Indian slaves, call-
ed Pawneys, or Punins, who are captives, chiefly
taken by the Chipawas, from the Suez, (Sioux) or
_Pawney nations. But it is sorrowful to think, that
ina British government so famed for liberty, they,
and a number of the African race, are held in bon-
_dage during life.
This day, I walked out into the woods, a mile and
a half; when my further excursion was prevented
by swamps, bogs, and marshes. In my route, I found
stones in divers places, such as are observed on the
margin of the lake. The land in general is almost
sunk under water. My mind was strongly impress-
d with a belief, that lakes Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and
' Michigan were once united, and the tens of thou-
sands of acres, of low adjacent land, were all over-
flowed. By the breaking and wearing away of the
great falls, as mentioned. before, the water has lower-
*»?
@ I haveno doubt, the country will be improved by a
| further diminution of the marvellous cataract. The
d to the present surface: and as cultivation increases,
Sa es ee
Pla é - << sare Sie eee
ee
Sone
Ben
i ae
ars
a
‘ena
120 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
also by other circumstances: viz. one-seventh of the
whole country is reserved for the crown, and one-
seventh for the episcopal clergy: also by an existing
Jaw of old Canada, all real estates, though sold seven
times in seven years, must he sold at the chapel door,
mostly on first. day afternoon, one-ninth whereof *
goes to the Roman church. By this means, some
congregations, especially in Montreal and Quebec,
have become immensely rich, and enabled to carry
on their idolatrous pomp and parade of worship, so
as to make the world wonder. But as light is rising,
a necessary reform is apprehended to be not far dis-
tant.
16th. Had a solid interview with Elliott, deputy
agent of Indian affairs for the British. He is pre-
paring to return to the Indian council at the Rapids.
We proposed to him, whether there would be any
impropriety in our going with him. To,which he
replied, as his sentiment, that where the Indians
were now assembled, was their own council ground,
and on a path that was not to be trod in, but. by war-
riors: and therefore, it was his opinion, it would not
be eligible to move that way at present. We let
him know our prospects were, that every assistance
from the British government, towards negociating a
‘peace with the Indians, would be afforded. He gave
us to understand, the Indians were generally acquaint-
ed with our being here, and our views towards them,
and hoped, on the return of the Indian embassy,
some way would open for our relief. Finding no
way to have an opportunity with them collectively,
we concluded to write again to the agent, McKee,
and also to the Indians; which Elhott assured us
. should be fully and fairly interpreted to them. With
may,”
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 121
this we were for the present obliged to rest satisfied,
in our probationary tribulated allotment. I can truly
say, 1 travailed with many pangs to be delivered,
with breathings to Him who alone can help and in-
terpose, when all human aid is utterly unavailing.
It is wheat harvest; the grain is well filled; but in
many places, it is much injured by a kind of smut,
or blast. The grain is as large as good wheat, but
appears of a dusky colour; and being bruised, or cut
in two, the contents are like soot, black and dusty.
Sometimes ten blasted ears for one sound one. In
divers instances, wheat fields are rendered entirely
useless. When one-half, or one-third, or even one-
tenth, is smutted wheat, it spoils the whole. The
farmer is obliged to wash all his wheat, through
three or four waters, before it is fit for bread.
17th. No admission being apparent into the In-
_ dian country, as the best expedient, we concluded
to send by Capt. Elliott, Friends’ Address, accompa-
nied by a short epistle of our own, to the Indians:
also, a letter to Col. McKee. We remain daily ex-
ercised in a patient, fervent travail, that the Supreme
Controller of events, may bring to pass his hidden
purposes, according to his own sacred determination,
to the exaltation of his own great name, in these
dark regions of violence, murder, and licentiousness
of almost every kind. The awful language of the
Most High to a backsliding people formerly, has
frequently impressed my mind, as applicable to the
inhabitants of these countries, with some few ex-
ceptions, ‘‘ My soul loathed them, and their souls
abhorred me.’’ :
This day a cannon was fired, for the direction of a
man supposed to be lost in the woods. ‘It frequent-
Vou. II.—11
a
i
J
et
a
A
122 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
ly happens, that people get bewildered in this coun-
try, and sometimes lost, especially in cloudy wea-
ther. If they go but one mile in the woods, such is
the sameness of soil, timber, &c. with no mountains,
and few streams to guide them, they frequently take
the opposite direction from the settlement, and get
into difficulty. ,
We have lately heard of the arrival of a number
of Creek and Cherokee Indians, in the neighbour-
hood of the Indian council; we fear, with views not
friendly to a peaceable accommodation of matters
with the western Indians. We have heard, hostili-
ties between them and the whites, have been renew-
ed to the southward. Great is the opposition, at
present, in the earth, to the peaceable kingdom of
Christ, our Redeemer. Under a sense of which, my
spirit bows with intercession, that Israel may abide
in their tents, where they will be covered, as under
the hollow of his divine hand, until his indignation
pass over.
18th. I had an interview with Capt. George Wel-
bank, who appeared an intelligent, cool, dispassion-
ate man. He came with a detachment of Cherokee
and Creek Indians, from their towns in the southern
territory, he says, more than a thousand miles from
hence in a straight line; and that they were ninety
days on their journey. ‘ His principal business ap-
peared to be with Col. England, who immediately
gave orders for the sloop Felicity to sail, with Capt.
Welbank on board, to Fort Erie, on the way to Gov.
Simcoe. Large rolls of intelligence were despatched
by him, containing, as we supposed, matters of im-
portance. Shortly before, Col. England assured our
friends, the Felicity was detained in the harbour on
— | i" #4 ;
‘ A >.
ae
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 123
purpose to transport us to Sandusky, or Fort Erie,
as was most eligible, on the shortest: notice.
In conversation with Capt. Welbank, on the situ-
ation of Indian affairs to the southward, with which
he discovered extensive knowledge, he asserted as
follows:—That in the year 1791, a treaty was held
with the southern Indians, negociated on behalf of
‘the United States, by a person who made out the
articles of the treaty in writing, wherein he inserted
the free navigation of the Cherokee river, without -
_ their knowledge, and bribed the interpreter to read,
ten miles round Nashville village, where forty was
inserted. There was a large extent of country, for
which the natives required three thousand dollars
per annum, but he assured them his power would
nét permit him to go so high; but for the present,
he would insure two thousand dollars, and had no
doubt of obtaining the whole sum, by an application
to Congress. But in the article it was read, two
thousand dollars, where one thousand only was en-
tered. And after all, the survey far exceeded the
limits of the land agreed on. Of which grievances,
the bloody fellow, Notawasky, Joberson, and Prince
of Eastern Airy, came to Congress for redress; they
were politely received, and assured justice should
On the faith of which, they returned, —
and made report to their people, who rested satisfied,
until their hopes of redress were laid waste, by Spen-
- cer and others coming over the dividing ridge, be-
take place.
tween Holstein and Tennessee rivers, (which was the
‘boundary prescribed) building mills, and piqueting
forts, on the waters of the Tennessee.
Capt. Wel-
bank says, the Indians have applied to the Spaniards,
and received assurances they shall be supplied with
See ee eee :
techie Sue eae
124 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
necessaries. There were some reasons for believing
Capt. Welbank-was now here, to negociate a friend-
ship with the British.
This afternoon, John Elliott and myself, walked
three or four miles, to see sixteen Oneida Indians,
amongst whom are several principal men, George
Duckwell, Abram, &c. We had some conversation
with them on the advantages of peace, and the bless-
ings consequent on being redeemed out of the spirit
of war. We also entered a little into the subjects
of the existing uneasiness between the Indians and
eur government. Duckwell, an old man, said, the
dispute was about lands west of the Ohio—that he
was at a treaty, held at Fort Stanwix, twenty-four
years ago, which was a general treaty with all the
tribes; and then, the Ohio was agreed to be the
boundary. Since which time, he knew of no treaty,
where the chiefs who had a right to sell lands, were
collected. I find the Six Nations claim a kind of
sovereignty over the soil, to a great extent south-
ward. Abram said, he married his wife amongst the
Wyandots, and some years ago, they made a visit
to see her relations, ‘‘and I say, brothers, what you
always go to war—fight ’mericas? They say—if
Imericas love peace, give us our lands—stay that
side *hio—shake hands—call brothers;—but if ’me-
ricas come take our country, where deer plenty,
turkeys, wild cows—good land—then war—always
war.” We told him, we never went to war, nor
our friends, for one hundred and fifty years past—
that all men, of all nations, white, red, and black,
were our brothers—that one Great Spirit made us
all, and was father of us all. They said, Ouch, that
is good, very good.
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 125
19th. Staid mostly at our lodgings, writing, and
conversing with some intelligent travellers. One
of them related a conversation between one Frobish-
er, 2 merchant in the north-west trade, when at the
Grand Portage, west end of Lake Superior, and an
old Indian from the north-west; which so much co-
incided with my own sentiments, that I note it.
Frobisher was inquiring after the curiosities of the
northern clime, which the Indian related as far as
he had travelled—but added, that younger Indians, .
who had travelled further north-west, had seen some
things still more wonderful. Frobisher asked him,
if he did not think some parts of their relation un- —
true? The old Indian replied, no; it is not possible
it can be lies, for they had never sgen a white man
in their lives! A severe reflection on Christians, so
called.
20th. A woman was interred at the Roman cha-
pel, with the usual pomp, parade, and superstition.
Candles burning in clear sunshine—host and holy
water displayed—black pall surplices. All the males
bare-headed, walking slowly—the sexton going be-
fore, the host-bearer next, with a boy on each side,
carrying lighted candles. Then the priest, in his
- pontifical robes, with a boy before him, with a brass
laver or font, containing the consecrated water, with
a brush in it. On each side of the priest were sing-
ers, dolefully humming Latin. The priest held a
book in his hand, which he sometimes opened, and
then sung Latin—several times sprinkling the bier ©
and pall with the water. The singers and boys bear-
ing the candlesticks and laver, as also those who
supported the bier, were clothed outside with black.
The bells rung frequently. Indeed, the whole pro-
11 * ;
ie.
{
Hh
(ee
wif
Se ae
126 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
cession appeared solemnly dark. When they eame
to the grave, which was about two and a half feet
deep, in which was much water, the priest took the
brush, and added a little more—they laid down the
eoffin, and for a time dolefully hummed more Latin.
During which, the people generally went on their
knees. When that was over, the people departed,
leaving the sexton to fill up the grave alone. lam
told the water rises so near the surface of the ground
in these countries, that it is dificult to bury a corpse
so deep, but what the wolves can scratch down to
it. As they often bury without coffins, many who
are killed in battle in the woods, and others murder-
ed in cold blood and left above ground, the wolves
have devoured them. It is said, these animals have
become so fierce and fond of human flesh, that they
have attacked, and destroyed people in the woods.
The Indians used to call them brothers, and would
not kill them; but one or two of their people having
been killed by those creatures, the Indians have
now proclaimed war against them, killing all they
can. |
This low, level country, abounds with sugar-trees
to such a degree, that if the manufactory of sugar
was promoted extensively in this place, it might be
ranked among the exports of North America.. The
Indians, who have kettles suitable for the business,
make large quantities in the spring of the year, and
sell it as low as six-pence per pound, and under.
Some have been so fraudulent, as to mix sand with
it, and when detected, endeavoured to justify them-
gelves, by the example of the white people mixing
“water with the rum,sold to them. A practice, very
common amongst the rum sellers, who say, rum
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 127
hurts them, and the less they get the better for them.
It is, therefore, evident, that in proportion to their
intercourse with the whites, they have increased in
treachery, fraud, drunkenness, and licentiousness of
every kind; and appear, at present, not unlikely to
be a rod prepared for our close chastisement.
Being in their nature, or by habit, unfeeling and
ferocious, I have often in this journey, had my feel-
ings wounded, by seeing old gray-headed women,
carrying heavy burdens of skins, venison, brooms, |
matchcoats, &c. with large drops of sweat rolling
from their aged brows; when several sprightly young
and middle-aged men, went lightly on before them,
with nothing to carry but their clothes, tomahawk,
and scalping knife, dangling by their thigh.
21st. Last evening, I had an account from a man
who came from the Glades up the Miami-of-the-lake,
that the Creek and Cherokee Indians passed through
the Delaware towns there, and produced a piece of
tobacco died red, which was received as the decla-
ration of war against the United States—that the
white prisoners were very numerous amongst the
Indians—and that, at the Rapids, as he came along,
he saw a beautiful woman, well dressed, just brought
in. “a
This morning, a number of Oneida Indians came
to our lodgings, and informed, that two of their
number had just come from the Rapids, and brought
tidings, that it was reported there, that Wapan’ s
army was advancing, and large numbers of the In-
dians had left the Council, to go to defend their
towns. They sent to the Oneidas to repair to their
assistance, which they were resolved not to comply
with. Which determination, we endeavoured to
128 JACOB LINDLEY’S JOURNAL
strengthen, and gave it as our opinion, that the army
was not advancing, and would not advance, until
the result of the treaty was known. They were
very jealous of some deception, which it was hard
to remove.
This forenoon, had a solid meeting in the ship-
yard; after which, a number of the gentlemen of the
town came to see us. Ina little time, one came,
who announced the Dunmore was at the mouth of
the river, with the commissioners on board. Soon
after, Capt. Gibbons, who was a passenger, came
and confirmed the news. We had appointed a meet-
ing at five o’clock, and thought best to endeavour
for stillness at present. The afternoon meeting was
not so large as the former. It was a season of heavy
exercise, through the prevalence of a carnal, luke-
warm Aishoation, in many; yet the great Shepherd
was mercifully pleased to baptize a remnant into
tenderness of spirit; and the opportunity concluded
with solemn supplication. |
In the evening, we had a visit from Gibbons,
an officer in the regiment of Queen’s Rangers. He
was present when the Indians opened their embassy
to the commissioners, at Navy Hall. About ninety
Indians were there. When the governor, Simcoe,
was present, Capt. Brant spoke as follows: ‘‘ Gen-
tlemen, you say you are commissioners from the
United States; have you power to alter the disputed
line between you and us??? They answered, ‘‘We
have.”? “*Can you tell us the reason of an armed
force advancing at this time into our country?”? The
answer was, ‘* We cannot, neither do we believe it;
yet to make all parties satisfied, we will despatch an
express immediately to the war office, to stop every
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. . 129
motion of an advance.”’? Then they said, ‘*Come
on, we will treat with you.”’? Jasper Parrish was
despatched to Philadelphia. :
The commissioners not being permitted to come
here, were landed at the mouth of the eee and
have sent for us.
22nd. Settled with our landlord, Matthew Dolson,
for six weeks accommodation, twelve pounds, seven
shillings, and six-pence, York money.
23rd. I visited Col. England, in company with
John Parrish, to confer with him, on the most eligi-
ble mode of departure from Detroit. He, with his
wonted politeness, offered his barge; but gave it as
_ his sentiment, that we had better stay till fifth-day,
when the Dunmore would sail, to be at the commis-
sioners’ direction. As it was his orders, it was also
his inclination, to accommodate them, all in his
ze we consented to add two days more to our
We had an yiilersiew with several Indians to-day;
one of them acknowledged he had killed a Kuhemo-
comon, and stole three horses this spring. He was
a warlike creature, and we could do little with him,
for want of an interpreter. I gave him a few hints,
a pipe, and a loaf of bread, and he departed.
24th. A solemn morning; my mind composed,
and engaged in mental aspirations to the Supreme
Controller of events, that he might be pleased to
bless our endeavours to promote the glory and ho-
nour of his own great name, the advantage of our
country, the peace of nations, and of individuals. —
In which I beheld, that so long as we dwelt only on
the surface, and superficies of important subjects, in
a chain of carnal reasoning, and in the fogs and mists
i
A,
j
ih i
{
i
3 S JOURNAL
130 | JACOB LINDLEY
of earthly wisdom and human policy, we are in dan-
ger of making errors in judgment, and of viewing
the agents of distress, as the primary cause of evil.
But by tracing effects to their causes, and weighing
actions in the equal and unalterable scales of justice
and truth, I believe we shall centre in prospect with
the inspired penman, ‘‘ Affliction cometh not forth
of the dust, neither doth trouble spring out of the
ground.’’? Is there not a cause? Consider, yea,
awfully contemplate the announced decree of Him
‘‘who weigheth the mountains in scales, and the
hills in a balance, and meteth out the heavens with
a span, and measureth the water of the seas in the
hollow of his hand; and before whom, all nations
are but as the drop of a bucket,’?—-‘‘ Such measure
as ye mete, to you it shall be measured again.”’
When I view the dreadful scenes of barbarity, at-
tendant on the African slave trade, and its train of
conéurrent circumstances, my soul is almost over-
whelmed with discouragement. Judgment is the
Lord’s, and he surely will repay. Have the Indians
burned houses; murdered men, women, and chil-
dren; betrayed their friends; carried away into cap-
tivity and bondage, old and young, male and female;
and cruelly burned and tortured others; lurked pri-
vily for prey; shot down men at their ploughs, and
travellers on the road? Yea, they have; until the
rehearsal of many of their horrid scenes of barbar-
ity, has agitated, shocked, and almost convulsed
every nerve. We cr
But what shall I say? How are my feelings
wounded, on being constrained to contrast these
reproaches to humanity, with the conduct of civi-
lized, professing Christian nations? In which I la-
TO THE INDIAN TREATY. 131
ment, our own government (in most respects, super-
latively excellent) is obliged to take a share. Ves-
sels fitted out, commanded by men, with hearts cal-
lous to the feelings of humanity, and deaf to her
cries—which repair to the African coast, stir up
war, burn towns, kill, catch, and carry captive, in-
discriminately, these poor, and, as to them, altoge-
ther unoffending people—bring them to distant and
different cities and towns, ringing with alarms for
worship, sounding with hymns and psalms from
stately temples, where they offer their devotion to
the universal Parent, who hath revealed his will in
the language of ‘‘do justly, love mercy, and walk
- humbly with thy God’’—professing to believe in
the Divine Lawgiver, whose statute is, ‘* Whatso-
ever ye would that men should do unto you, do ye
even so unto them.’’ Instead whereof, they are sold
like beasts, at market; separated, husband from wife,
children from parents; without regard to the tender-
est ties of natural affection: often put under unfeel-
ing whippers, and cruel taskmasters, where they are
frequently starved, or whipt to death—and if they
run away, and are caught, they have been hung up
without trial or jury. Some who had procured their
hberty, have been hunted with horses and dogs, and
shot down. While such enormities are in the land,
and winked at by the rulers, shall we not lay our
mouths in the dust, with this language impressed on
our minds, “O Lord! just, and true, and righteous,
are thy judgments.’’ I cannot omit remarking the
joy we feel, at the escape of a captive white, from
among the Indians; yet, what a stir when a negro
slave attempts his liberty! advertisements printed,
and rewards offered to take him, alive or dead.
Ud AA
OL VE TCA. >
‘srayjo Auepy ‘ayy yo Ava oy Jo Ar9A00sip oy} 0}
roy WYysnoaq ‘yySus] 4e ‘Spey Aayy Suross e018 o10M
Yoiy ‘sasta1oxd pue so[qnos} Jay JUaUIe] Jou pIp ous
: ‘durppe :Aep yey} 19y 03 payesyonoa Aosou ay} jo
QOUEIQUIDUIIL [NJYUeY} B UleyzoI 0} podoy pue sz1eey
uMO Jay UL OWOY Je punoj oq 03 sem ‘sMopeys pue
SULIOJ JssuOWUE peorge Buryoos usoq pey oys ey yeu}
‘podulAuod AT[ny AOU SBM ays yng !duiyjoTo s.daays
UI S@A[OM s¥ sn SulUWapuUOD UT ‘s19y}0 YIM pautof
ous ‘duiuaA9 Suipasoid oy} yey} ‘aur ]]9} 03 paysnyq
oys “ples uvwiom & “Sunveur Jaiyy ‘syaeoy jnyyueY.
pue spurur jnjoovad yzIM pournjol 944 “Jooray dAoT
poysarojursip sind oy} ul wayy 0} poyoeoid sem odoy
J yorgm ‘uonesuodstp jadso¥ ey} jo Ajiyenzisids pue
‘Ajrund ‘Ayroryduns OY} JO VDUSPIAD UP JO9F 0} DAO ANS
O19M OA *ARABIZ prjos YILM paaeyag oum “poz0o]
-100 a]doad Ajx1s 10 Aqyy areas ‘jeessorxy JO purysy
ayi uo pojutodde pey om Sunoou ve 04 ‘sueIpuy
omy Aq ‘oouvd & ur a10Ur SaftuI 9214} ynoge palpped
Olam pus “sour sory, payyeay ~“Avp-ysuryy “yiss
: “MET [BIOUL JY}
Jo syed AyyS10m oy} Aeme urerdxo pue ‘sisiaq uang
‘sounyd iia oy} jo [eluap e@ st fAynoWip & Jo pir yas
0} Avm jsoivau say} puy | ‘poyourd Ayasoyo ore uew
‘Arayoneqop pur ‘Surreams ‘ae ‘AIOARTS UO
—‘Aulre oy} jo ‘zuaatyy "jnovy pue ‘pio deg ‘ydjop
| “Uy “en YJIAL UOLRSIBAUOD pros ® PREH “YILS
‘syoodsor jsour ut ueuL
snorsipnl e oq 0} savadde ayy -Sutyoroad gs (UdUIO A.
SUIUII9U09 ose {surge NeIp aT uo ‘suideayy [e1oues)
YA UOTYsIaAUOD s[qeeaIse auIos pey pur ‘pauany
“OY «= "@UIOY ye Jou sem Ty
Jolyo-UeUl-s}IYM zeous eB ‘s,AyIIDQ UOUTIG 0} yey
@ pue afiui euo “1aAl1 ay} UMOP poxHTeAA *UI9Sy
Sel ‘ALVGUL NVIGNI FHL OL
‘sjopued AA OY} SuoUe
-
x
te
AN
ian 7
ih
5
x
‘
exe
V4
“=
x
¥
patuedurosoe Aoy 7,
"eIeBeIN] WOIJ SLAUOISSTULUIOD 94}
‘Q19Y} BIOM ZUBATY) “JNoV] pue
‘Suideoyy ‘ueyg SAinqueq ‘ydeg ‘yenjnut sem Aol
9} :adUaSqe SYIOAA JYSIO JNOGe J9}ze ‘sIOUOISSITUUIOD
oy} Aq poateoo1 Ajprls o1aM pue ‘asieq s,[ouo[oo
oy} UI popueyT ‘yt Jo YJNou ay} je fasnoy $.}Ol[[W
‘ydey 3e poatsze *Y90]9,0 9UO Je pus “IBATI OY} UMOP
popesdoid oq “jouedrey ‘19}4Y2nep ofqeiure ue aAcy
Aoyy, ‘spjouday jo oureu oy} jo ‘Aprurey afquzoods
-o1 AIOA ¥ SI ‘19}}e[ OY} SuUOULW “SN JO BAIT Oye} OF
‘IBY OY 0} oUTeD ‘ooeTd OY} Jo sjuRyIqeyuUT pue ‘dost
-1e3 ay} Jo si90qFo 9y} Jo Aue “sn surAueduroa0e
‘uelig,Q plempa pue ‘ssoy ustsug ‘Aruez] “yoy
‘puepeun ‘[O9 te1oulung 9Y} preog UO JUaM pur ‘44IOJY
-39q] JO S}uvzIqeyUI J9y}O SI9AIp pue ‘YeuuePT pue uos
-[Oq, MOYIeIAT JO 9Av] oLUOIPIOye ue YooT, “yISsS
‘g[eul} 0} OpeUL
oq Aueul jo siva ay} pur ‘ojquiod, 0} opeul oq [IAS
SJURJIGeYyUT s}I pue Y}Iea OU} ‘aAoI[aq Op T ‘yuNODIe.-
yoy UG “UOT}esraAUOD ofqeuIWoOgeE pue ‘Aroyonegap
‘ssouueyunip ‘Sulouep ‘Buljppy ‘Ssunseoy ‘sulpjosod ut
sjysiu pue sXep Surpueds ‘apiid pure ‘esea ‘ssousnon}
-dnjoA ut ‘sinogey J19Y} UO VATT STOY}O BTIYAA “Yorq
8g JO p10] OY} Jo sivo oY} 0} pUsIsE suUeOIS OSOYM
‘passaiddo ay} Jo s1eo} Y}IM popsurur ‘poor Ssurgonoy
poolg ‘puryueur Jo o}e}s o[qeJUSUIe] OY} 10} VStOIEXa
Aur pasvaiour june YOIY AA “oJeP SIY} 19Ie us0q
[[@ 0} ‘ase Jo savak oay-Ajuay ye Aysoqty ueyy “19Y}
-Inj ou yolqns sy} Asad ppnoo Aoy} “Jsot9}UI JO SAAT}
-our wo.1f uoT}Isoddo oy} sem Suo1s os jngq = ‘Ayoqty
jo apts oy} Uo aye00Ape ue poseedde sooulIg ‘Ao
-payeqop Ajesopo sem Asosrys Jo yoolgns oy} soya
‘epeurg aoddq jo A[quiosse oy} wos pauames ysnl
‘gaqneg Aosuely Woudy JISIA & pey ‘UooUsE}e STL,
IVNUNOL S.AGTIGNIT COOVE ost
au0d ‘s1axeNg oy} ‘s1dy}OIG ATIY] V4aAA OM dy) plot
pue ‘woy} 0} eyods a4, ‘uour yedroutad arom ‘youya
jopued a, @ “noqe-[je-ArieQ pue ‘yaryo osouMmeLYys
e ‘Auuop ow] pue “teyjoiq sty ‘Jaryo IBA ole
-ejaq, ey} ‘sejeyasuoyoog ‘woym suowe “oAtL oy}
JOAO BUILD SULIPUT 94} ‘Y9O]2,0 oulU yNOgY “ISTE
‘ag ‘semediyg ‘shasunyy ‘so08
-UTJAT ‘SEMCETIO ‘syopuvd AA ‘sluelyAl Sesoumeyg “Sorat
-ejaq “Zia ‘suonjeu uo}, Aq pouSis sem J9}}0[ OUT,
-goead 0} Awous SuruSisap owos Aq poysessns A[qeq
-oid ‘aayyeut mou e paivodde puewep styy, “pipuea
pue arey se poaosdde om YDIyM faouataJUood BARSLINT
ayy pourejdxe Loy} pue ‘Avar oy} UL UMOLYY S2TIEISGO
OY} UO ‘SIOUOISSIWIWIOD OY} Y}IM sdUSTEJUOD PI[OS e
pey aM ‘sty JOYyY ‘MO1L0UI-0} WY} ULLOJUT ppnow
fay} ‘posramsue (‘1a}060} paypnsuod pue “1 peat pey
aa1y} [je faye) ‘ujooury “uex) “YOY OF, Lo1lyg 3y}
jo Jsom ‘purl, oy} JO syuezqeyur oy} [je eAouleL O}
Ayayerpouruit ‘os jr pue tArepunog oy} O14 OxeUl OF
JoMOd- GARY SIOUOISSIUIWIOD BY} JOYyOYM ‘lomsUB UB
aainboa Apy101jdxe Aoy} a10jar0yy ‘euvSeiny ye pourerd
-xo Ayjnj JOU 910M S19}}VUL jVYY ‘gyeys Ady} UlelOy AM
reSessou ueyim e jo Aioatfap oy} 0} Arojyonposut
‘guy, ewos eyods pue tyaur pey Loui aide eal
ey} peyuey} pue yey siy Jo Yoo} ‘asore Jorys jopue
-LM Busyy ‘sod ‘4amsue 0} Plo} sem Ayitxy) uoUul
1g ,,¢Apeor nod wy ;, ‘paainbut uerpuy ue ‘esned
uUlofos B Joye ‘puey jYsld SUeIPUT oY} 7e ajsue ue
Burutsoy 9M pur ‘uLay} V10Joq Pazeos SIOUOTSSTUAMLOD
ay} ‘poyeos uayM $Y90]9,0 BUIU JNOGE JOATL OY} 10AO0
guivo ‘suetpuy oay-AjuaMy Jo uoNeyndep VY “Y4I0E
‘ssouIsng 94} SUIUIIeyJep [[fMA popusyoidde st yt pue
‘Smoa1OUl-0} poyuesead oq 0} SISIYT, ‘“SUOTJeU U9} Aq
pouSts Suij11M Ul suorjuozU! ITay} G1e[IOp OF Apo
CSI -ALVAUL NVIGNI FHL OL
~
|
a
«ee
-xa ‘Assequia puodes Jat} juas pey pue SBIeSEI NT I
SIQUOISSIUUUIOD BY} 07 UOIE}Ndap A194} Jo ysodos out.
uo ‘paystyessip yonul atom suetpuy a4} yey} ‘paubtoj:
-ur puv ‘sn 0} JaA0 ouTeD UST OGM OL, -purysy
Suory s,Aeq uo ‘sn 0} ayisoddo podweoua suBIpuUy.
ayy, ‘TwIeIA, Woy suURTPUT 10430 Ayuamy jNoge pur,
Jaryo JM olemepa(y yeois oy} ‘sejayosuoyoog YM
‘yyrug ouo pue SAzIID) UOWWIG gayoy “34e9 “HON
qdeq paatie ‘uoouseye Ssiy} YOO[D,0 PAY OGY
: ‘ys1x9. JOU S20p puke ‘Area
eur ynq sxeodde Aytsovsadns ano ‘aeos peoiqg oyy
uodn ‘suoreu [fe Jo ‘sozyM pue sueipuy Buryse1juod.
41 pajowoid usu oyyar “out plo} ‘{Zojode jo Avas
kq ‘pueqsny osoya ‘menbs e fq poutol sea J yor.
ut {suerpuy ay} 0} “yonpuodD yons jo uoreqoiddesip
Aw payiysey os[e | ‘UQWMOPJUGS SUIpeaT Ino Jo auTOS
0} poysosans J YOIyA “yonpuod s BUIUIAD JSE[ BY} JO
qunosoe uo ‘{njmossos pue ‘Aavay 3¥ [ “WES
‘{UdWIOSEINOOSIP YIM OUI POUT[IYMIOAO FSOUU]E
pue ‘purr Aut 0} Zurslorexe AivaA padoid ‘ssoursng
ino jo aoueyodurt uUapos otf} Zutropisuos *yonpuos
sig, ‘syaids yytm saajeswoyy SurjeSer Appuenbasy
“ystupiu 1veu [[t} penutju0o fay} yor *o7g ‘aouep
Zurdjeos oy} ‘oourp aovod oy} ‘oourp sem ay}—asul
-MO]JOY puB SultuRatoS ‘s[eAIOJUI Ye pue ‘Suryaieq ‘Sut
-yunaZ pnzazerSun yim ‘poouep Loy} punos pue punoy
‘913U99 94} UT 9[puLo & pue “sult oY} UT UOT OTTyM
jeroAes YPM ‘roquinu ut AjUEAy yNOge oom sueipuy
ayy, “peurof Koy} yorym ur “aouep uLIpUy ue poyour
-oad ‘s1o][aAvs}-mo[ay ATjof ano Jo auros ‘BUIUDAD BUI
UI YIO[I,0 qyS1a ynoge soy faoueNuUIzUOD Buoy Jo you
sem Aof ur yox ‘Ap siq} poyovor cram “oAotfed T
TVNUAOL S,ADTANIT LOOVE ESI
x ol
om GyStx jo uorsuajaid 10 GyStr yor AA “SULTEID:
UkIpUuy 0} pLesar ynoy}LM ‘sazeIg pou”, 9Y} jo Ay
-radoid ay} ‘soye'yT oy} pue iddississtyqy SY} JO YNOsS
pue jsva spurl oy} [[e@ poteptsuoo om ‘4ojsoyo1og
paory Aq pourayuos Ayozey] pur “ureyig yeory) Jo Bury
ey} Aq dn uaai8 ‘uondure-oad jo JY S11 oy} Jo souanb
-9su09 UL jy} ‘ssauIstouN J1ey} 0} ‘dn pley useq
pey svopr sodoadurt ouros ‘A1ouLI0; sv fs9yjAINy puy
‘Ajjad pue surys Aq ‘spuey oy} yo pornooad Ayyenuue
Aay} yey 0} yenbo ‘sjuem Alay} 0} poyepouWOIIe
‘spoo8 ur Apisqns yenuue ue Aed 0} osesua plnom
Aaya ‘You 0} UOTJIppe Ul :spoos YyonuT YR ‘spury
uvIpuy Joy oseyound e se ‘Ayear} aUO Aur 4e ‘pooueta
-pe useq pey JoAo uey} ADUOW BIOU sDUeApPE PlnOmM
Aay} ‘yoy Joy fpoutezqo oq prnos yey} Jr ‘[iounos
—Jeaoued ut uodn pooide oq yystu se ‘Arepunog Mau
® MBIP 0} pouoIsstuMOD o1om Aoy} ‘dn uaard aq
jou p[nod pury zyey} [je JI ‘puy ‘sxolrrem sty pue
QyIvpy “udx) 103 “OryQ jo s]feq oyI ye soord j[eus
@ pue {poultyuos ‘xouriezy yo ye Azye0I} oY Aq
paped spur, oy} [[e oAvy 0} ‘sea ‘10F POYsta Soje}g
peru oy} JeYM yey, *ZIA—poyiosul oom ‘pauodo
Aem 1o}J0q Ou pue ‘popuvulop sueIpUy oY} sv *YOIY AA
-‘suiie} Tevoatnbaun pure ysnf ysout oy} uo ‘ooved J0j
poysim SoyV1g pollu 2} ‘posepoop Ayyrorpdxe oy yng
‘sjuopeveid JauLIoy [ye 0} Aresrjuod ‘poydope pey Asyy
apou mou yoy, ‘Aes oy} Jou sem “SurytiMm Aq
‘Anoajiod aayj}o yore purjssopun oj pue ‘aoved t 0}
@UI0D 0} Jopso UI Yvy} pue :ArepuNog oY} W oyeUL 0}
MOU sqIssoduit ‘alojatoyy, “O1YQ SY} Jo apis jsom
yjJou 94} Uo ‘poAoadurt AjoSaey, pure ‘papyjes Mou o10A4
yorum ‘pue] Jo zoel} oB.aAe] pjos pey sajevjg poylUy oY}
‘s91380.13 989} Jo souenbasuod ul yey y, “yove Jo soul
-poadoad ay} pur ‘sooeyd yuorayIp snoy pouornusUl oY
LSI ‘ALVGUL NVIGNI GHL OL
jun ‘1eyjoue ye “royjoue ‘eoejd auo 32 “raye sAep
Ayoutu pjey auo pue ‘oSe sivod outu ynoge ‘XIMUR3S
WO ye Suruutsaq ‘sorjeos yuonbasqns pare usu,
—‘Arepunog 94} 0q 0} papnjaaoo ‘usy) sem o1yg
ey} “SUI, 94} pozloer pue ‘ose saead oay-Ajuom}
*XIMUB]S 110.7 JO Aje913 BY} 72 SuIUUIsaq—eoue}sgns
ul ‘ev0u9g O}UI YI pejyeidiajur souor sewoyy, pue
‘peat uy} fwioy} possoappe Ajoytjod Suueyorg "199
——"FNO BUIBD SIDUOISSIUIWIOD OY} ‘XIS JnOgY -‘aureo
suelpuy oy} ‘490]0.0 aAY ynoqgy ‘uoiyeyndep ueipuy
94} JO UINjoL 94} payrem pue ‘sn qa peutp ‘y310Ig
sewMOyy, pue [mpeg ydeg -zuaary pue ‘Assog
-ung ‘seqneg ‘eaxoypy ‘seuoyy, ydeg ‘ospe—Appaq
pue “‘ssoy ‘anojepue, ‘paojmerg fuosiied ayy WO
UMOP 9WIBD S190IFO Ysijlign Inoj ‘uooUDIO; sTyT,
"pue[st ay} 0} pournjer Aay} usyy, “Assequia
oY} 0} Jamsue ue savy plnoys Aay} ‘uooussyje oy} ul
YOlP,0 SAY ynoge yey} ‘suguoissiwumuMi0d 9y} WI 9014
OU paATe0—1 puke “‘sinoy OM} Jnoge pies AY, “aMs
“ue diay} jos Lay} saqye ‘pynom yng fyonut Aes mou
you prnod Asay} 3ey} ‘Aq YSnoayy ‘sn pjo, Loy
"YOnUL Y[e} JOU pip 944 ‘asiodex9 pue oanssaid yons aap
“UN SpUlul JIay} SulArsoied yng {way} yy payous
PAA ‘ssauisng ey} jo sdurzodwi pue yy Stem oY} YUMA
poyseul seouvuajunos w10y} pue ‘pyos A1aa som
Asay], “Outta Jo pus 04} 0} onunuos 0} 41 poysia pue
pip siayjey ano se ‘sueipuy oy} a0y diyspuery: pue
SAO] Bes ay} passassod ‘uaipy1yo stay} om ‘Sulpurys
“Yyimjou yng ‘doajse uapjey Ajsoutr ostmoyl ozam
‘s194}01g UIPUT INO YIM pajzurenboe a10M OUM si9y}
“BJ Ino ‘Wlay} potamsue 944 “peap [[%.Jsouye oram
‘sn mouy OYmM ‘syaryd aay} sn poy Asyy, *Ajoyeuoy
-soge AI2ZA spuey Yyooys pure ‘saoueusjunoo A193} Ut
Sof posoys Aoyy, -uiay} 998 03 ‘erydjepepiyg wou
IVNUOOL S ADIGNIT goave OSI
erydjaperya t ul paysiyqnd
Aayey ‘uoyezyrary uvipuy uo YIOAA s,uosyove Aepuen jo ‘cz
eed ‘sorumejoMe}}0g OY} Jo Joly & ‘sIyOHT jo yooods ‘08 ,
1Oj 4eoq Jayjoue ur yo yas ‘Aezy saofeyy pue ‘yytuis
seuloy Ty, “Woulpy ydeg Seayopy ydeg pue ‘spidey
ay} 1OF “oq & UI payarequie sueripuy oy} ‘x90]0,0
Ud} JNOGY ‘ssauisng oy} jo oSej}s aye] e ye YSnoYy
*‘uIsY} puss 0} sn poseanoous Ady} ‘woy) Suiprer pur
Sutuado Joy ‘saAtasino “[rounog jerouds oy) 7
ey} yy Ayrunjtoddo ue savy prnom os Surums
-aid, ‘uay} urejap 0} 1adoid jySnoy} Ady} pur ‘weyy
0} 819}}9] Ino paMoys oy “no Jas BY s10jaq Buia
“1118 SIQUOISSIUIUIOD OY} yng foSe syaoM oUIOS *yj0IT
“Iq ‘yWdeg Aq “j1o49q Wor puss 0} popuszUT pey om
yotym ‘suetpuy oy} 0} opjstdo yaoys e& pue ‘ssoippy
INO popreMIOT 9M “IOABMOFZ *}I USISOI 0} pey om
uoje Surog o1om oym , aayay pue Hora deg
Ayaefnonsed “WI JO} snosisop Sutisteodde jou saoyjzo
pue 41 Suysenber you suetpuy oy} yng ‘Suey Aued
-UL099¥ 0} SSOUSUTT[IM VULOS JJoFaAA “Shep BAY UI po
-ystjduroose oq YS pasoddns Aoy} yorum saamsue
ue YIM Winer pue ‘Jrounod oy} 0} OF pynod Ady4
I[t} 91M 07 SIQUOISSIUIULOD BY} pallsap pur ‘euloy o8
—4yg8iu om Burkes ui ‘ayeystu e apew pey ay punoz
euo. uayM ‘10y}050} oyods pue ‘soyoiad Moz & Yo
peddajs pue ‘asoue uay} Aoyy,
Ayitgy uous pey Aoyy, .,"sn puvyssapun nod yoadxe
OM [aM Atoa ‘sn 0} pres nod ][e puejstopun OM
‘yeods 9M JeyM UOJSUIYsSE AA [[9} pue oWOY OS Ae
nOX ‘OIYO Ips 19YJO oy} uO sunod pue ‘o1yK VpIs
Si} UO sino ore Aay} pue ‘spuey, oy} pjos JoAoU om
pue ‘spuv[ asay} Jo siauMO 9y} cue 9 M ‘AOU [IB
fo8e suveah oAy-AjUOM} ‘xIMURIG Wo jo AyeoI1} OY}
eouls Ajeo1} OU Ud0q sey 9194} 3Nq :O1YQ 24} Opis
6SI ‘ALVAUL NVIGNI GHL OL
‘JopoIdsayUuT Ue TOF.
fetches eH
=
LS
SS
i
i
sty} UO spue] poseyoimd pue ‘aro pue (ga0%h) pue
“o10y} Soaljeor} pey oaey noX sn 193 nod yng {nod
yyiam ooved qe oq 0} ueM am ‘sroyjoOIg ,, ‘pres ‘9205
-aq oyods oy Sury pro ayy uayM :saajosmey) poyeos
UOGOS OYM ‘sSJIUOISSIMIUIOD dy} 0} Yeads oy posedaid
aiam Kauy ‘ powiojyul pue “i9A0 aurea Way) Jo ussTTy
*90]9,0 Jys1o0 ynoqy ‘spidey oy} ye [rouNod ay} Woy
‘Assequio UerIpuy u9}}11M 94} pousis pey zey} UOTyeU
yoeo Aoj suo sem yorum fduesd uvipuy oy} ul ‘49uy
~Ouv Jaye ouo ‘ayit e jo sjiodaa ua} pavay | “1077e
uoos :yeauq-Aep ynoqe VyoMeE J ‘OUI YG JO IST.
‘sinoy toy asodo1 Aur poydns
-19}UT *s}u9} Ino Jeau ‘a0uep UeIPUT Ue Jo sMoOTOY
pue sureoios oy} yytM ‘suoisuoyoudde yory py “a YRI
jou prom Asy} preaye sem | yey, “4uauTUIOAOS INO
Ul Y}IeJ Jo yuem pue ‘Asnoyeaf say) sem yons 4ah
‘suetpuy oy} jo ssourddey oy} 0} pajdepe jjam pue
‘pereqty oq 03 pareodde 4no pjay suontsodoud oy} Sut
-puejysyjIMjou yey} ‘poututiajap pure ‘ptyos ‘ayepes os
oIVM ‘SUeIPUT oY} Jo saoueUSjUNOD OY TL ‘suryquieny
ieaqioy Aypaey pynoo 7 yey) ‘yons sem ‘ssoutsng 9y4
jo ooueqiodut 9y} wos Sutste Spurut Aw jo astro
-19X9 9} INQ ‘yYSIU [00D B seM 4J —_°8}U9} ANDO 07 OM
pue ‘dures say} 0} poyiedop usy} Aayy, ‘uoousszyze
MOLIOUI-0} 1 03 Ajdar prnom Avy} ‘pres oym ‘suo27
“ONT ay} JD fo sury ‘st sureu ssoyAs Jo ysIsun oy}
{gary yopued AA P]O 9} 0} patoATpap seas ‘syuoUTJUIS
eAoge oy} Surutejuos ‘soded oy3 usym fyrep ynoge
papnjou0s 3] ‘souor seuroyy, Aq anBu0} eIaUIC YY
ojur poyoidaojut pue uiseyo1g ‘jog Aq pear sem
SIT, ‘UOISSTUIUIOD ITOY} JO sjie1y Sutpeay oy} a10M
asay} yey, “Al[UO sozeIg poyUG sy} 04 peSuoTeq
‘aseyoand jo jyst1 sty} pue fsrouMO ueIpUy 94} Jo
epeul sem aseyoind arey pyun ‘pourrepostp Aporqnd
IVNGONOF S ADTTANIT COOVE SéT
)
SSeS A ee a
ook
See
uodn 309 0} uonIque YA wy postdsut 4 ‘1010nb
“U0d OY} JOSUIY MS URIO}JOA JY} UDYAA ‘“POIIG
9A0ge j[eYy & pue o[IUr & jnoYe ‘uUdTIey BALY 0} poy1odes
B1@ SoIpjos AJUBAOS pue SIIDTJO vo1y} o19yM ‘ouIeU
S}I yoo} oSpiiq Apoojq svoueyM wos ‘ARIZ oy} UO
14Sno01g SIU], ‘sqinqns oy} WosJ UeY} ISpoOrsIp 0}
poidwiojje spuemsoyye oy ‘tapueuU0d oy} 03 faziad
-taju9 Apoojq poepusjur oy} Sutpsoeid Surusas ayy
poyeotunuiwos ‘menbs ev ulody VdUISIT[9}UI OULOS 10F
yng ‘poposvons oAey prnom ‘AjYIqeqoud ueuny [je ut
‘yorum {410139q JUOSe1d oY} UO ‘OVIWUOG ‘URIPUT pojoU
oy} Aq ouo :opeul useq aAvy fainjeu oyI] jo sjdwoy
-}@ pjoq owos ‘epeuey jo uolssessod ur useq oAeYy
YSI[euny 9G} UIC ‘spuejs MoU }1 O10y a ‘apis ozisod
-do 94} uo ‘49A11 ay} dn s9ySiy sojiur u9e}Y4s19 yINgG
SEM UOSLIIVS oY} SYOIYA JaIpyY “sesnoy oy} [je JUANG
_osje pue {menbs e Aq pojeaouo0d seas oy 4ysa1id uew
-OYW 24} Jdeoxe ‘oovjd ayy ut uosuad A1rsAo poses
-SeUl JYSIU OUO UL pue Sasol SueIpUy 94} ‘ose s1eak Ay
“udAVs ynoOge ‘plo} aI DAA “9[QeLOAOVSIp JoA O1e SSUI
~pling jo suotjepunoy; Auew pure ‘soaeis jo sopnjzy[nyy
3101}9q] JO UOSIIIed pue UMO} 9Y} poo}s B00 DIET]
“Aeq pue ‘1aAld OY} JO ulsiew oy} uo ‘Aep sIy} jo
zaed owios quads [ = ‘atiq yo sz0j ‘Aayjod pue sutys
yum pepeoy ‘ooe]d siyy 3jJa] doojs ploayog ey, “YS
3 "aSBd 943
seM po}iosse oy ‘sem jI se oSuers ‘yoy A, ‘suoAead
siy SutAes ynoyyA ‘1aqos 10 yUNIp ‘umop Ae] aeAou
oy 3ey} ‘asuerys AJOA YI YUIY. JYSIUL OM 4eYJ—onNsSUD
pjnom wey ou zYysnoy} oy ‘parjdeu ‘ut pooys oy 103
“UP 9} pur ‘azI] Jo Vs1n0d B YONs JO ssausNOIpO 94} jo
puru ur ynd Suioq uodn $menbs e yday oym pure ‘Aued
-Wi0d INO UI SutseoMs ouvjoid 0} payoippe yonu uly
-ded & SBA B19Y J, ‘sn 0} ssoUpUIy pue Ay]IAID 1104}
{FI ‘ALVGUL NVIGNI AHL OL
Bi tee EE OT
eee ene 4
oo] : ; noite?
f
-
¥
BABOON A
rors sg hes
‘ ite
SurpurysyjitMmjou ‘srajoereyo Terowwl pues ‘poyonegq
-ap AoA oie Autre oy} Jo siaoyo ayy jo AuryAl
‘UoT}ORISTVeS ano 0} “juosaid ‘sao1s9NV pue sueIp
“uy Jo Jaquinu @ YIM “Zueary pue ‘uoyiuezy AseD
‘den ‘Suideoyy ‘uex) ‘ujooury ‘uox) sUOOULoTe OY} UL
‘s AjIly) UOUIIC Je Suro & pepuazye pue “LO][I TAT Aa
ey ‘10jySnep Aut 0} Aaja] & oJoO1M J *A[QeJapIsUod
SdYJOTO pue syoyUe[q ino Jom YoIyM “4stul oy} SpNyo
-x9 JOU pIpP s}U9} sNo—jaM sem JYSIU yse'T “YIP
| 3 TH
seap Aut 0} 19939] B 9J0IM J YoryM Aq ‘ol Woy OF
punog ‘toatl oy} UMOp sued doojs JOMeq “prs
| ‘oy ‘udIppIyo ‘siouUuNns Jo suoT}1exe
ay} Surpurisyytmjou ‘uress [[euls Itoy} Jo palyj-ouo
Ayxeou Suryey ‘surrey SutunoqySreu oy} Jo uoyonposd
ay} 0} snorinfur Az0a asoad se ‘sparqyoelq Jo syysty
g[qessunuur yons Joy sinoqsey oye ‘ssey pure
‘soysni ‘sseis osreoo ‘saysng YIM postoAod ‘sduems
aAIsua}x9 YIM Surpunoqe Aajunod oy} jo syed
puyjur ayy, “puey eyzey pue yort st coeds yorym
ISIOATI PUB SOYL] OY} [[e UOJ o[TUL B JNoge ‘puy ued |]
gorid Asada ul “yey pue Aysieur ore YOIyM “spooss OY}
0jUI yea & yoo} 7 ‘Ajdu1a pue yurlg Sulpoog “pus
“gouanyur
anpun ue sepun ‘Sulsegns pue ‘Ainfur snoaois r19y}
0} ‘yareur e se posodxe puvys saarjeu ood oy} afty as
‘paSeSue ose s}so1oqut opisoddo pue sowoyps JusteyIp
gas J yoryM ur {ssoutsnq ynyured sty} ul ‘A}LIOOUIS
andy JO JUBA VY} JO osuas puke ‘MOILOS Jo1DES B YIM
passoidut AjireyuN[OAUL uso st purut AWW OWL Out
paajoaur sem AjTUUINY JO S}sa1ojUI 9Y} Ajdsep Moy
‘ogre se founjount [eorytio yuoseid ay} jo aour}iod
-UIT OY} YIM spulur soy} ssoiduit 0} Aj1tunjsoddo ue
¥00} | ‘Yo Zurjjos 119y} 0} snotactq ‘eoerd owes 94}
TIVNUNOL S ATTANIT AOOVE OFT
‘SdA[OSUIOY} SE pauOpuege se‘sn Japuat 0} ‘opqrssod Je
pue—yodso3 ayy jo Ayand oaztstnbasr ay} 07 ‘Auoury
$9} Ino ojsem Ae] pue ‘onyeasapun 0} ‘Aqassy} pue
sn yovordar pue AjItA 0} uOIseov0 Suryaes pur “rae
Joy Suryoyem afo ue ‘Aueduroo ano jo esoaes ut Sur
-19A00SIP UO fasIdIoxe pAeMUT VsoTO Jo Aep y “ui,
‘aseutispid s,Aqoy,
rood jO pus ue seM diay} pues fuOULIEs [eloUny sIy
peyovoid a100yy ydasor orayM “soorSaN pue suetpuy.
Zurpnjour ‘suosiod Ayxts ynoqe Aq ‘yueq sJOAII ayy
uo ‘aAvi3 oY} 0} popuszye pue ‘ur ynd sem asdaoo
oy} ‘Aep ures oy} jas-uns jnoge ‘19y}080} poyreu
Buleq Spivoq Mey Y ~ ,,“dUIM YULIP 0} pournqor pue
:noA djey pox) ‘moyyay tood ‘{yyamouey wry prq pue
“uTy.0} yuom J fAjoyey Surjsedep sem ‘ast, Au se’avep
paao] J woyM ‘sis0yfo Jayjo1q Aut jo ougQ,, ‘pordo.s
oyM ‘sis0IYO YslIg ey} Jo ouo 0} yoolqns uUrelos
oy} pouorjueul y “Suissanstp Apna} o19mM ‘SopiuT eB JyeY
pieoy useq oavy Ayisva prnos yoryas ‘10]48ney] Jo speed
pnoy oy} o1oym ‘uopaeS e ojur sayosed Ayu} ynoqge
polar [ “T9UUIp Jay ‘pasinig useq pey «eppidszezeo
e AyuO jt se ‘souatagiput yonu se yy 4 pazeody
‘Vuourystuojse Au 0} ‘s1oyjo oWOg -porred uM]
-OS 94} ul ‘pulul siy Jo SurAeys oy} 0} ysn4y | ‘Ayyed
-wAs ueiysiy9 ur Swiy YIM Surpreaesy ‘syuouroUur ysey
siy ul ‘wIy papus}je ‘o10oyy ydosor ‘puatsy poaoy
-0g INQ “oUll} oWIOS SuIUIpIap useq pey oym ‘aris
aouneg payereura ‘uood e& yo sseavep oyy Aq: Suayo
“JY OY} Ul poqriosul sem AjI[e}10UL Jo osenZury pnyme
84} “Woreq utosy ‘e0y 194 MmerT pue ‘uemysedg 30q
“QV seuler otam WOYM Suowre ‘inojied ay} Ul aUIM
suryutp pue ‘Ajsnonjduins Suruip o1om sn jo Aued
-W09 BiB] B IS]IYMA “09,0 vary} ynoge ‘Aep sig,
Erl ‘ALVAUUL NVIGNI FHL OW
ca \ :
a pa aa iain it He 5 5 a Fa aaa
ee Be ite aioe
aS Sua ase Bet - ers
ia " i a aa
-yopueqe 0} posItqo o10A4
sdoon ay} “II poysoyur Yor ‘s}VsUT Bsa} Jo Joquunu
a]qrpetout ay} Jo yUNodse uo ‘yorya “Ave oy} Jo yued
-a10j ay} ur ‘uIedg MON UT poyo1e SUTeq UOKLoYT10g
2 jo ‘AzjUN0d sIy} Ul paeay JT JUNODIe UB poulIyUOD
sty, ‘Jeroues sem youzye oy} ‘posvodde 1 yorya
Aq {saoBpoy drys pue *‘ju0} “asnoy Yy}0q ‘SulutOUl
sty} dweo oy} Yysnoiy} poinuianul sear yurejduroo
jesioaluy) ‘poouotsedxe soa9 J puly oy} jo Buryy
Aue papasoxe soojonbsnut oy} jysiu yser'yT “UI9
Pi ‘suBIp
-uy oy} Aq potireo pue ‘payouyye [fe e10mM SUOSILIGD
a[sj-onbseig: pue ‘sydosor 7g “oeUryoRUTT[IY OTA, :oe}
-uog 4q loneq uo opeu sem ydurezje pouolnueu
aLojyoq oy} Aep oures oy} UO jeYy ‘o[qeyewos st 7]
: ‘paats atom ‘soat] Auvu pue “JessaA oY}
sn, “10}@A\ OY} OJUL saayjO pue ‘sa0uvd 11eY} OUT
euros ‘fessea oy} yo peduinf Ayyueysur oy ‘suotued
-uroo sty 0} Apyomb wuepe oy} eave ‘siopio ploy
ayy YIM poylise, ‘ysjsugq Sutpuejsiopun suvipuy
ey} Jo auo pue {paeog uo sapmod Suravy oy—, drys
ey} dn morg.,, ‘pnoye stapio oavs ‘uew ojnjosad &
‘urejdeo oy} ‘sojnur Moy & UI YyVop Butoadxe sam
ye woym pue fsisulTeM May OY} JO S}Oye 94} Bul
-pueysyjimjyou ‘preog uo jos Aueyy = “puey ul symey
-RUIO} YIM Jay 0} opeu pue ‘sooued JT9Y} 0} 400}
Aayy ‘asodand stay} yayo 0} WYSI] 00} TeyoU ATOYY
Suauttzedxe sXep omy Jaye “Surpuy jng = “ey yuns
aavy 07 Surdoy ‘opis soy ysuredse “rey yl] “SyoT[Nq
ur painod fay} “pauryeoeq Avy drys ayy pue ‘SOAlOS
-uiay} pooeid pey suerpuy jo soquinu os1e] & ory mM
‘puRIST oY} JO JOYS JOYSNUL UIY}IM 9ULOD 0} JOY pesijqo
jauueyo oy} SY ‘“WosT1IVS OY} 1OJ sos0js YpAd UOpry
‘sdrys s Sury ay} Jo ouo yorye pue ‘purjsy Buryysty
TYNUNOL S ADTANIT GOOVE SPI
bi Th TOA
‘spur [njoovod YIM po |
-ulnjzol 9M jnq ‘uoseos ZurAyy & sem “szUN099e QUIOS
uo “gory ‘o]sI-soo1ny uo Surnseur & prey ‘Aep siyy,
‘AyIp pue pod
Bea o1OM [je pus ‘yoIs 303 pey owos ‘Sunrem yA
jho poi Sureq ‘pournjor suetpuy eproug Aju0M}
JO spremdn yorym ut ‘orn jog 10J punog ‘1014
-O(] wi0dy uMOp {fo} emediyg oy} ‘uoous ye sty,
: “UOTJVUILOJUT YonuT Sururey
-uoo siodedsmou oy} ‘osye ‘Surysoijoa pue yerp.0o
AOA atom yorrm ‘Arey sazySnep Aur pue ‘SOmMeCy
Ja}sIs puke sayjo1q peaojeq Aw wo sizayjoz out
WYSnoig VET “YyJUOUL 4seT] Jo YUeAos-A}UOMY erydyap
“BTU IO] OM “Ystuseg sodsepr owes yorym ut ‘ory
WO Wol padre “rauooyos AEMONO OY], ‘YILT
“peuueye yonut 1am Aoyy ‘suerpuy oy} Aq porsAo9
“SIp JSig USYM pue ts][ey vous 94} aAOoqe punoy oq
0} e10M auou “poysodax st 41 “yoru erojaq f1a0qgo
youery e@ Aq ‘s]jey oy} oAoge ‘ut ynd useaq SUIAtY
soroeds yey} Jo anoy woay poyeursiso ayy ‘pres st
iT “ySeFYLoIg os0joq WYSIOM UoZ e UeY} oLOUI UAyRy
eavy usut jo odnoo e yeuy ‘AT[NJNUETd os suoaSanjs_
Yui spunoqe olny ayer] ‘uerpuy ue Aq posaeads sem
IJ “Ysy snororjep Asaa @ fspunod uwoe,y81e poySte
“yorym ‘ASunuenbseut e uo Aep sty} pourp 9A
JY4SIu oy} Sutanp soynurur us} ydajs J]
yey} MOoUY jUop J ‘soojonbsnur jo ysoy & pue ‘suvIp
“Uy JO o[qnody oy} YM “IoAOMOFT = -AeME WI Y00}
pue ‘ouvo uerpuy reqos v yySus_ yw -oouereadde
e[qi9} & Suryeu pue Surueos ‘puey powyrydn Yq
dre 94} Ysno.1y} 4x peystpuraq ‘opruy Surdyeos sty jn0
MoIp “90.1} 8 JsuTeSe ysy sty Surysep—aorssem & Ue I
uel & ure J “Surooypey—ooryoads przs0y ke portqry
-x9 oym “dures oy} rosy oureo Way} Jo oUO *¥00]9 0
cri ‘ALVAUL NVIGNI AHL OL
aad ace
oe Awake
YOUU
‘Saptur yysio dures arey} oAour 0} ynoge o10M A£ay}
W319 ynoqy ‘Burusiow sesu [NH s7U9} AIIY} 07UT
o3 jou pip pue ‘1a8uep jo suorsusyoudde YM pe
“wie poreodde ‘suerpuy yjtm poyurenboe ys0q ‘Aued
“W109 INO JO [BIBAVG “[LAap st oureu Aur pue ‘[rAap ke
we J ‘pres 1oyjoue puy ‘peq sea qAeay siy ‘pres sug
‘tayjorq Aut no ‘1eyeney nok ‘pres pue ‘prey oul
pezeanbs pue 4sof ur Apjaed ‘our Jo poy prey ‘snuneur
“ap deg jposwry payyeo oym ‘urayy Jo aug jug]
“osul pug “apna ‘Ayyns soyye1 oureseq Aoyy ‘poyues
Buloq JOU YOIYM :o1our pajyuem pur ‘ronbiy yy
pasinssip yonur ‘sn 0} owes ‘Suruso0u oy} UT poAle
oyM ‘sueIpuy oy} jo [esses ‘Butuadd yse7T “YIOT
~ ‘saojanbsnur yy1M pajsayur yonur os jou
pue ‘1a1¢9u Yyonut os oq [IM JI se ‘sn. 0} Q[qeooise st
‘o¥L[ OY} JO opts oy} Avou “AaAtI oy} UMOp
‘uonenys ATYoIs oy} Jo souenbesuod ur yey} ‘urs0y
“Ul pue ‘sjaryo emediyyg ve1y} o10m WOM Issuowe
‘sueIpuy usajueAes jo aseovep oy} yodor Aou J,
‘uoIse}UOD OY} Je powse[e o1am Aay} ‘oAartaq { pue
‘sdv1 ur AQsour a19M soyjopd sey} [TN pres Suraey
‘quioy UWINja1 aay) UO ‘sn 998 07 pe][eo ‘sAosunyy pue
‘souvmeroqy ‘semediyg aajom} ‘Surusou siz, ‘uI6G
: “pozurenboe sem y woym |
yy “uINg poureu ‘uorjeu J1ay} Jo uew AYIOM e& yo
yoo} Yorym—duieo uerpuy oy} ur spreaosd Ayryey20uL
qeaid e pue ‘ssauyors yey) ‘aze1s saxeBuossour ou T,
—‘shep moj Aroa & ul Suroueututod Ajyean & jo yo0d
~soid & st o10y} ‘surroyut oym Gnumnedy syotpuazy
urejdey Wor 10730] & sn zYyBnoIq OYM ‘{IOUNOD UeIp
“UJ OY} WOIZ poATise suodIYyoY Oy “BurusAd sty T,
‘sAep UeAVS 9U0S Useq MOU
BAvY OYA ‘SJaryO ULIPUT 94} Jo UANjoL oY] paeyar ysnur
yoryad “YSNod Sutpavoxa st aye] oy} ‘Aep sry, “wg
IVNUOOL S ATTGNIT GOOVE PPI
[eulst110qe oy} Jo ouO Jo Jopuerds oaneu oy} ut UMOp
jjeshur jes pue Yedreo e opew ] saave] peosq pue sa
-YouBiq ssoyM Jo poomuoyjng & jo sysnoq Suipeaids
2Y} Jopun jeos & poyooI9 [ O10YM “IAI OY} UMODP
YW B Yoo} J “Burjoopy Ajiva A oy} 0} ueyj—owoy
SpUeM0} SulyoOo|]—paesso} yonu pum ATW ‘yI9T
‘Sulurejduros stoop ydasor pue
souop olje1opy ose ‘jt Asoa ystsueg sadsep ‘Aj1400d
AJOARG WRIT AA ‘UMOp Avy] om sv qysnf ‘ures Aq yuoy
INO UI yaM Bu}}03 Aq ‘posoddns | ‘pauoiseav0 ‘pasap
-10sIp Yyonur 3j9} peay Aut Aep siyy, ‘prounod ayy 0}
SN O}IAUI 0} pooise yysuey ye pey Loy} 7eY} ‘[IoUNOD
UeIPUT 9} Wosy sjuNodoe poaAtado4 aAvy Avy} yodau
pue ‘dureo ano 0} owes sjopueA Ay sayy, “UIST
‘S1OPLO S_[OUOTOD OY} poojsy pM ‘s1oUoIs
“SIUIUIOD OY} JO UET}ajo1d puke ddUZTUDAUIOD 9} 10F
, Joy deay 0} “Suna Ul siapio s,200UlIg *AOXy BuIA
-sy ‘Aanqung ‘olny 40,7 0} a1owund 243 yoyedsep
oj ‘Ainqung ‘yde9 0} o}01M puesuq ‘jo9Q “WIFI
‘goved puv Ayypinbuesy o1qnd 0} snonsesip oq
[[f4\ ‘sojejso UJejsoM Ul UOTYe[Noeds oY} yey} “s}qnop
SUIOS YIM ‘JojUOIT OAISUI}XO INO Buryoeosdde
‘ssoujsIp pue 1O1J0Y JO svept YIM putut Aur possoud
“WI ‘UOISsIUItUOD Ano jo ssovoid Apaey yuosaid ayy
YUM ‘GoUSSiTJo}UL Yor [PY “sewig payug om
JO jSo19}UI OY} 0} poyouyze AT[NJ porepisuod sea om
‘os[e Jopeoyy ureyunou ay} pue ‘tddississtyy oy} 04
ayinb suoryeu ueIpuy oy} pue ‘ejooesueg jo 10u10A08
OY} SEM UIOYA SUOWIS tsa}eJOpeyuoD Joy} pue ‘sueIp
“uy UlsyyNos oy} Surjpoodsor Apoosy poyle} yuUeqTaAA
ydeg oroya ‘sqampreg ‘ydeg ye ‘Aanqung ydeg
pue ‘yueqiaa, ydeg yyIM Sutuoaad sty} yuods j
; "Ors
aia Aueduiod ano jo jersaos pue ‘auoy yey oy
L¥I ‘ALVAUL NVIGNI AHL OL
|
|
|
|
|
gouts ‘ajIM STY JO oseovop oY} JO preoy Ajoze] pey
‘gauor o1jerozy ‘saojordaojut oy} Jo oug ~*Aueduioo
ayy jo Auew 0} jueseotdun jae 0} uvseq ssoursng
ay} Jo ssov0id snorps} 94} yey ‘Mouy uty jo] 0}
‘asoddns | {aa yo]T *[09 0} ssoudxo suerpuy eploug
OM} JO JUds sIAUOISsTUIUIOD OY} ‘UOOUIOIe SIT,
| ‘JUIUIUIBAOS INO 0} JINn}yeU sno
1198 @ Jo yoolqns & SI YoIyM sueMYIUSIY & “IOATIO
auo jo Aouase oy} YSnosy) ‘suvipuy useY}NOS 9y}
UWA JsosoqUI Buryeur Ajsnowysnpur ore spareruedg
ay ‘shes osje yueqjaA\ ‘“uoTjeu yoorgQ Oy} YIM
‘juasoid ye UOT}US}UOD Jo sUOg oY} SI ‘adeds YOIY AA
‘JOATI OY} JO SSUIPULM OY} 0} SUIpsOVIL ‘YYpeoIg UT
—Ayuoaes 0} Aj} UOT pure ‘y]Suo] Ul sopiu porpuny
aaiyy jo soeds ay} UO VsnoY Surpurys jOU sem V19}
‘paaorjaq oy “uosead ye ynq $31 wodn opeur o10A\ SUT
-Iva]o OBIv] pue 41 o[}}0s 0} opeur useq pey s}dureyye
SIBAIp JeU, ‘“pooise Ajpoztun sysoeig 94} YOIyM OF
‘yjiou ey} uey} JoyjIny ou dn oa13 prom pure 41
pooysy}IM Wie] Je UOTJEU ot} NG fIOATI OTWIOIQ OU} -
jo yoursq YNos Vy} 0} [[es 0} pesodoud pey AotAy]
-[UN2JE yeu poavodde yy = ‘yoy osooyo yYystur sy
pure ‘19Y}0 VY} 10 DUO BY} O} dAETO JsNUI oY “s1o}sBUL
OM} BAIOS JOU P[Nod oy yey} pue fso}V}G poyUL, 943
0} puke, yonu os yo pjos pey ey Adios sem oy “UTY
plo} vjooesuog jo dJousaAo0d ystuedg oy} yey} pue
‘sarege uetpuy ut Ayrorpdnp s,AotAlT[LQoJA JO oulos pe
-uorjuaw osye {sueIpUy ULoYINOS OY} YIM Azeo7} OY}
—Bunoodses ‘pojou a10joq oaey J Se ‘4yunod0e Ue Way}
aavs oy ST[eyT AACN UlO’y UANjoL sty UO “YuegTA AA
4deq WOI] PSIA & pe SLOUOISSIUIUIOD INQ “WIEST
| uAMTIG
a810ax) 0} ‘plojmerg “novy Aq Joyoy & ose "T “H
aeap Aw 0} Ig Wo Jo Kem Aq o101\ “UIST
IVNUMOL S,ADTANIT COOVE OFT
x ST
ut §(NJMOLIOS Jo} purut APT “pAevog UO ]][e J19AL OM
‘y0]9,0 [I jHoqY ‘suOoT}eNY XI OY} 0} DOUISIT[A4
“UI YA poyoyedsap o10M stouUnI OMY, ‘BUIUIOU
SIU} pxeog uo SutAainy sioyjo 4Yystu yse] o1oulUNG
ayy pi¥eg 40 ydoys Auedulod INO jo [e19aAvg “YLT
“MOUY JUOp [ ‘se Suruvaur
sty JY AA “POYstA OARY plnod oy se JoMSue Ue YoNsS
ysnf poatsooa pey Aoy} ‘ssordxo ujoour’y ‘uex. Sulaeay
uo ‘UOT}BULa}sU0D B 0} Jud yeyMOUIOS seM J ‘1OY}O
94} Jo ‘opis 9uO jo oIANMUeU SuIuUND & poieodde
YOY AA “SN JIU 0} SIDALI OY} UMOP SOIIUE XIS SULAOUL
9M pue ‘pleMIOJ 9UIOD 0} sn poyedxo suolj}eU BAY
ay} 724} Sunszodut ‘asessour jeqiaa e@ ATUO yt ‘pa
~UINJo1 “[IOUNOD URIPUT 9Y}-0} Ose sAep 9014} poyojed
“Sop SIOUUNL OAA} BY} SUIUIAD SIYT, ‘SUOTPEVIQeY VAT}
-d0dsor ino spieMmo} soAo Ino un} pue ‘pueyzy ouLAIG
9y} Jo uorjtsodzeju1 oy} 07 yoelqns pnJMe oy} JLUIGNS
elojaioyy, “readde jou saop jyuesoad ye yorym fop
G} §N JOJ AoYyJANy pousdo Sury} Aue jr os 0} 1oY}OS
-0} 103 9AA ‘SpudtIg 0} AWOO]S Surpoaoxe 495 I]
: *paeog uo deaajs 0} suisodoud
Ayoyes JO} ouUIOS—A]o}eIpswMIWIT oIOUIUNG oy} paeog
UO pdlOp1O seb oBedeeq JY} Sse ‘ased oY} 9q 0} pa
-avodde uoos Stuy, ‘Surseojd oq you prnom oZessow
It9Y} JO $}U9}UOD BY} 3eY} SNOTIsUOD dAOTTOG J ‘Aeme
poddys pue dn 308 ‘913317 nq yeo AoY, ‘Jos spenjzora
pue ‘yova ourm jo ssejs e pey siaSuessoul uvIpuy
OM} BY, ‘ounjorjnueul ysuiig se poysreur A];suouzs
‘pur ‘siguotssiuuos oy} Aq yooods ajqrnduraquoa Aras
B Se PoAIOVeI sem }I ‘ajoym oy} uodgQ ‘yYsIr Yons
Aue Zutary 19A9 soyeyg poylug 9y} 10 Sury oy} polu
-ap Aoy} ‘soyey, oy} jo yseo pue yynos ‘spur, ueIpuy
eseyound 0} 34911 e pey ‘Ajuo Aayy pue ‘sozeyg poz
“IU 9Yy) Jey} ‘uoyduta-a1d jo JYSI4 DY} 07 Se pue faq
6rT ‘ALVAUUL NVIGNI AHL OL
you pinoo }# pue ‘pasonbuos s9A0u o10M Ady} MOUY
Lays ‘aayzey stay} “Bury ey) ys epew voved oy} Jo
anqwia Aq ‘AajuN0d A10Y} [[@ 0} JYSII oY} Suruirep sip
0} se pue {pury uMO J19y} Jo Jed & WOY} BULAIS yng
sem foul] Mou & SuluuNs ‘yxoU 241 JUeM you pip Aaq}
‘Kauow Suiars Aq ‘oyew 0} posodoid s1auoissiuiu109
Sy} ‘sUOISsa0U0D OY} OJ SY “PI UL SaUOG Alay} Avy 0}
peuruojap atam Loy} pure ‘03 s1edar 03 as[9 o10YA
ou pey Aoyj—dn pay sem paemjsam oy} 0} Auyunod
2Uuj—pury 1104} sem ji dog ‘Aaepunog 94} O14Q 24}
ayeul put {yo sAou 0} paonpul oq 7YsTW oy £q
-d194} yey) {spuey poyndsip Uo pay}jes oAvy jou pjnom
Say} asja 10 ‘ajdoed ao0d Ajjsour a1am Lay} poasoddns
Aay} se puy ‘o1yg ey} Jo YOU S19]}}0S OY} JO u0T}
-voylumapul oy} 0} ‘Aavyes Ajuvak pasodoid ayy yy
‘paijdde oq jysiur yi pouisep felojatoyy, “31 Jo osn
oy} MOUY JOU prp way} jo Aue Jeors & pue {41 jUeM
you prp fay} ‘
ssodsip 0} 14814 ou pey Aay} se ‘prea jou orem ‘AjUO
suoT}vU 9a1y} 10 om} Aq paped usveq pry spur] soy AL
‘omy ‘uinSurysnyzy. ‘wel, “YsOyUPOFT WOT 3e ploy
saijeas} [vtaaes oy) yey} Sunsodan Sunni ul oses
-sau & UII papueY pue ‘ujooUI’yT ‘Uax) O} poonposjUL
sem Way} JO 9uQ ‘“pleaje pue ppm payoo, sayy,
‘poate syopued aq Sunodk om} ‘uoouteyje SIU Ty,
“pleaye
wy oyeur [jeys ouou pur ‘aas}-sy pue ‘aurA UMO SITY.
zapun qs [jeys uew Arosa uoya ‘Avp possa[q pue [Ny
-goved yey jo yovoadde ayy soy ayyea1g 0} Ajissadeu B
HOT “peyquraser ysow #1 yoryas ‘panos s,yeuor uo
vorpayet eyi Aq popoadons sem Yorum Guowom Fe
soy Addey 39} pue ‘uopaeS oy} ut sjusied ys1y ano Jo
apoge jinbuesy oy) poye[dueju00 | “purl ay} JO sp1o]
IVNUOOL SADIGNIT LOOVS SFI
“uolsead0 9y} Surutooeq Ayruwazos & YqIAL popuszje
ea 3] *payquiesse ajdood Aueur osoym ‘s.Jjamog
soley ye “Surjoour payutodde ue pepusi1y “YyI6sS
‘paspoy om ‘1033e] OUI FY ‘sorfimey s ysuey ydasor
pue ‘[jeding wepy ‘suoavzy ydosor pousi, “ugg
‘“a10Y} pospoy pue
‘A[turey s,punog youeq poyista “fyosAur pue 401}rq
UYyor “YoY JaIyy ‘uosvas 91qe}10JWI09 “prfos & se
Wf ‘suasezy ydosor ye Sunaaw e poyutoddy -y72¢
_ *ueapytya pnyodoy jo Ayrurey v sey oym ‘suay
30D uyor ye pespoy -Aajooyog nesyy pue ‘1ayng
UYoL “WIIOFT UYOL Jo sarrwmey oy} poysta “9g
‘poureyiojue A[pury pue ‘powosjam ApHaeay d.190M om
a1aym ‘aspo] 0} s,Aajooyog nes 0} JUSAA “SUOARTT-
ydasor pue ‘[Prung wepy ‘ysuepy ydosor jo sol
“turey oY} poyista GjosAur pue ‘arooyy ydosor “yi¢y
| ‘APMUGOS pue uoISijar Jo ua se payonpuos
aavy *U9es BAY [SB ey Os ‘Aournof oy} Jo eToys
. 94} Ysnosy} ‘ujooury ‘vay pue SULIYIIG ‘JOO
“‘p2[es o104} ‘spualiy ous
JO Yoo] 0} ‘sayiur yy Ste ynoge axe] oy} dn yuom ‘ystr.
“aeq uyor pue 4,01)G, UYor -s,uos[T AY urmeluog
“‘pually Pury ano ye aSpoy 0} aodAts 9yy UMOP Sso]IUr
e4y juom “joshur pue ‘a1oopy ydesor ‘upooury
“Us YM ‘4ajem AG UAN}oI 0} poise ‘QULOYS]Ie PT
WITT pue ‘Asoaeg werppt~q “Aueq¢y jo oinos
ey? axe} 0} Suisodoid ‘omoy AeM atey, uo ‘yoo.
oyegng JO YyNow oy} 0} J9AII ay} pessoa ‘s]UeA
19s ay] pue Suwayoig ‘ydjopueyy ‘uoouseqye SI],
‘aWOY ptt 0} sursodoad ‘asioy & 10; SIOUOISSIUIWIOD
ey} YIM poolse ] ‘oLing ayery uMop aSessed ano
10 prog ydeQ YIM syunodde ano popyjes 944 ‘UTES
| ‘asedceq ino purl jou pjnoo am ‘Aep yey} [ye
ysry OS SPM Jans oY J, “ol WO Ie ‘page 24} Jo Sur
gl . ‘ALVIUL NVIGNI GL OL
e..
~A1OUI OY} UT YI0]9,0.du0 ynoqe ‘roYyoue 07 ofes OURO
om ‘QUaPIAOIG OUIAIGY Jo anoary oy} YSnosyy
yno uMo1yy odor e Jo ppoy Sutdey Lq posaaooes oy.
fault} W[Vo e Suraq—.1oyem oY} O}UT Usd]S OY} 1OAO
{29} 9y pue ‘Kem oarB Yorum “JassaA ino Jo wIdog
247 uo adore jo ploy pre] SLojIes 4no Jo aug ‘pugs
: "UOIJORISTIRS
0} ‘pi0,y ‘ydeg YIM uoNesIaAU0O snoiZi17o4 oUMI0S
| pey ‘SurusAo 04} UT = ‘eye] oY} Jo o[pptul oy) wos
s910Ys Yjoq 49A0dstp ysnf prnood om ‘Aep styy, “4S1¢s
"[OSS8A INO prvog UO aUTed
Sp1iq Of] Teroses ‘Aep siyy, ‘sueipuy oremejag:
oy} Aq plog pue pawrteyo pur] oy} ‘stpiy Surwoo07y oy)
jo yoodsoad 943 ut Suoye pop yossaa INQ ‘YI0S
"S189q OA} Pue fMo70—
s,drys ay} jo oatsnpoxe ‘saoSuassed ouo-Ajsryy Sura
“by ‘pasuoiy} [assoa ung “purds 04317 A194 “UIT
*soA0 UMO
J1oy} ur ‘Apeasje ySnous poods pure astm 10M OM
‘saayjo Aq 3dureju00 Yonw ut pray YyYsnoyy‘uoNoEIsHes
pue 41009 INO Oo} SuIged OY) Ul JUOUTIITJOI PITOs Jo-
uosvas & peyY—potujessq Ajiveu o70M 9M ‘uOCOUIEyyeE
ay} Ul—aye] ay} UO aSeXOA ano SUIjNIISOIT “WISI
‘uOLsI[a4 JO ‘AjIyer0uL
‘AR] INOYIIM Jsouye aaty 0} teodde Lay} yey ‘Ayinbiar
jo sarveds AsoA9 yim pajyedissip AyyeaaS os yuoUIE]Z
“138 & QAO] 0} SuTT[IM ‘paemowoy oo ouTUT pauAny
Aof yy pue £AysnoaqyStr yyeSpnl oym ‘paory ay} 03
}{ SulAva] Ul poysies poyso1 o10Jo19Y4} [ “ssauisea
-uN dAIs 0} posvodde Suiyjou ‘auop aq 0} urewas 404
WYSIUU Jey Jo fauOp oavy yystur aM Bury} Aue pdy
-}1U10 pey OM JI ‘1apisuo0d oy purut Aw SUIUIN UO JN
-Aaguanof ano jo yoafqns yuejsodut ay} uo Surveyor
TIVNUROL S ADIGNIT goove OST
gsurese sXemye pue ‘poos pue pury sAemye sem os
pres oyg ‘peoy Avas soy pomupe y—sievaA porpuny
e@uo posvoxe oy posoddns ‘uewom pjo su0—}j10SeL
sueipuy Auew toyz *Aouanof ano ansand 0} posed
-eid pue ‘payjyor ‘paysoujal atom OM d19F]T “psg
‘sopiut OAY-AY
-114} opod Suravy “1dALL OY} Jo Yueq ayy uo ‘s,A10g
ye pospoyT olavyug jo yynos sepru Ajr1Y} st oovyd
siyy, ‘ourmApueiq, sv ose, se ynoqe mou ‘“‘4aAlJ
ay} pepsloy 9AA *0J0A9Y} Sutynqiaju0o sead pue spod
ey} “Iappoy UIT[IOKO SayeUL pue ‘yNd SI [eop years B
YoY JO—SUIMOUL JOJ JY Salo JO spuvsnoyy, “yoeq
-asioy uo ‘peoy sue & uUeY} JoYysiy ‘sop}sIy} pue
‘souta vod ‘sseis oy} {ssouyold JO Uses OALY J pur]
Aue spo90oxe YIIYM 19ALL GossouUaY) VY} JO sey ayy
UO ‘aSeI[IA ULIpUyT Ue Ysnory} possed usyy, “yaedd.
Avpoozly AA SE osAey se wWeasjs oyj— prides st 41 woay
ey ey) sjyey e pue ose ue Sursasa0o ‘Surids snorino
BSE yoy ut ‘sureyd jo sojiul uo} ynoge .aAo passed
‘Jaye QUIIJOWIOG “YL put MO] due syueq oY, ‘aou0
48 JOoJ UDADS JO XIs SYOOI QUOJSaUI] BUY e Po sayozid
JOYE JY} BIOTAA ‘SYAOAM JOJLAA JOT WR2I]s BUY e 19AO
passtg “purl yor AJA Jo saspii auios yy posaods
-foqut ‘saprur AjuaM} oAOQe J0F ‘ssoudopyIM Aareorp
‘Aduems e@ ysnosy, Aousnof ano pournsay ‘pug
“Aep Sutpodoaid ayy
sojim AIO} opor Suravy ‘awios pojsor pue ‘Adouro
pojsueds ano jo Ayneaq snoipuom oy} poyejdurayu09
‘soyjo]o JOM ANO Ul ‘puNnods Jom oy} UO UMOP ArT
‘urer oy} Aq poysinsuljxa jsourye sea YOryM fad ano
poMoUal OM “19A0 SAA WIOIS [NJpeaip sty} 1301p Vy
“AME pairea]o Udy} ‘sunoYy va1Yy} IeIU pose] i]
‘Buluzyot] JO reoy s0j ‘saou, Aq purys 0} Sursep jou
ESI ‘ALVAUL NVIGNI GHL OL
i
EERE ceety
sop
‘soyjoys Aue ynoywa ‘syuaus;9 om JO o0UDUIOYOA
247 0} pesodxe poojs 244 ‘uMOp UMOTG o19M $22.1)
Aueyy ‘urer Aavoy pue ‘pum snoi9}siog ‘4apunyy jo
sjead snopuouray Aq papeadans uoos sem yor ‘ooue
-avodde [njme ue apeut pue ‘Ays oinze ay} pornosqo
Sphod e[qes uaymM }U9} & Japour 0} ueBoq pue ‘ary
¥ pojpury “‘surerd yeou3 ay Jo pua ysva oy} ye sasIoYy
INO {NO pausNy 9M ‘yaS-uNS 197Je 9]}}1[ Y “sosuoy ano
JO 9uo 49A0d 4Yysiur Ady} Sutseoy ‘opqissod s¥ sey se
plemioy possoid aA, “ws poxooy, oy “usw pourae
OM} JOU 9M “UOOULEe 94} UT ‘wry OJUN porsystulUE
Ystueg uyor—pasodsipur sem oy—spoom oy} ur ‘AT
“IWUez SIY pus JoxVL poy ssoloe owe “juoUTYsSoITOI
suOsS WIY eAvs oM—snN das 0} pasvold sem oy ‘suretd
oY} UO UFIPUy 9UO Joul OMA ALM 9} Sso.toe SSOT JO
spaipuny Aq y[noIIp posapuer sem yyed oy} ‘spuey
Jaquity pue sdwems oy} uy ‘yoodo Avpooyy AA se
eZie[ sv 19430 9y} ‘ourmApueIg: Jo sy0j BY} Jo OUD se
OBie] sv OMT, “[[ey JUIT[90xa YIM ‘sypIUA JOy sUIROAyS
ouy ary} ue ‘oouRysIp yorym uy ‘surejd jo sayrur
Ayam} ynoge pur—Asoyory yareqyeys pue ‘qovoq
“‘poom sseq ‘se01} reSns ‘ouoysauy yy Surpunoge
—jeoyM 1Oj a[qeyIns pue ‘ySry siay;o—Aduieams syaed
awos—pur[ poos jo sarrut Ajuamy ySno1y) passed
“yoo10 oyeyng ye ‘s,AouLAA WI “OUI YG JO IST
'S9}B1G OY} JOJ Surpuajqur sem oym Souery
wepy soy ‘yao19 oreyng uo ‘s,Aautay ye poyeEry
"ALL9J S JOYIOPULAA 4L AOALL OY} POSSO1D VA “ISTE
‘Ss UOSs[I AA Ulweluag ze
spualiy pure ‘synwjzurA, Jojog 3e pespoy [| ‘ssousop
-[tm ay} Ysnory} Aournof Lu s0y Sumedoig *yiog
$ "[]eMog solepy
e1qeidsoy pue pury oy} Jo esnoy oy} ye poSpo] OM
TVYNUNOL S ADTTIGNIT aOOVe ool
‘po3 por pue ‘poys SosI0Yy Ino 408 arayzy
"yoeq soptur A710; ‘sureyunow oy} UI S90YS J9Yy Jo OM}.
JO poyoueim Suraey ‘ourer Aron ore AJ °8,819}
“ULM 0} ‘satu uaezanoy opor pue ‘peurq ‘ysnor pue
SNOUTeJUNOW peor oy], “yoor0 surmooAy uo ‘s a, Ay
0} ‘safiur ussjuedes ‘Aournof ano pownser vay} ffyam
Sasioy Ino pay pur ‘poyseyyeorg ‘s,Aorpurry Jog woay
S9[IUE UaAVS-AjITY} JnoGe ‘asnoy-Yoorg oy} 0} saztur
OA} yNOge spor pue “yITeoY UT [Je ‘A]Ivo OSOY “UIs
‘WSIOUL sem punois oy} ‘Aep Surpoooud
OU} JO Sour pourer Sutaey yt fsoyjopo pue sjoyuerq
yoM INO UL UMOP ple] ‘ary o[qQe}10;UIOD & 308 yisuey]
ye pue “poom soy yep oy} ut petepun|q—ozejq e
O}UI poJUsUISNe om ‘AyNIWIP yonu YIM yorym fory
yondys Yysuseqg uyor ‘osre saajosano osam se ‘£19
-uny Ar9A ‘saysng oy} 0} sasi0y OY] pely, *eSe}zs ayy
Sutyorar jo vapr ayy dn 9AI3 0} paSiiqo o10M om "O29
‘saysnq ‘pnut ySno1y} aourysip outros IO} Sulpqqe.aos
‘Bunysiye sayy -Aem oui yno OYeU JOU prNnod om
yeyy ‘Apeys pue ySry os tequiy suid ayy pue ‘yaep
AJ9A padosd yySiu ayy wg “esnoy-yoorg_ ayy 0} 308
aaey 0} Surdoy ‘soprur auru ynoqe s0F ‘spy peSBna
[P19498 popusosop pue popudsdose pue ‘soAII oY} Oy
OM USYM “Ioy}ANJ Sayrul oATIM} JO U9} Joy ‘eZory, dn
peor apqesajoz e Suore ‘pieMdoy Jos uayT, *8,s}10q
-O" 0} “‘sapiu ouru “raat ayy dn PICMIOJ JOG “yg
| ‘yarep 194
Je aTIVT] & s AoTpurry ‘tog 07 408 pure ‘sayIUl U90}.11Y}
‘dn opor om yorum “raat esory, Jo Bunueyy oy}
qytM uorounl sqrt ye “raat o1aTJsTUB) 9} passo1o pue
*‘spue] MO] JUaT[90xe ouTOS Suoye apo. ‘sas.oy ano Sut
“pees pue ‘soajosino Surysoajos sayy ‘sopiur AVr1y}
oj ‘UO}POOYOY Vat oy} umop jdoy Apsour Suraezy
‘pueydn pue wojj0q }U9][90X9 Jo souepunge st ‘Yor AL
CCI ‘“ALVAUL NVIGNI DHL Ow
SFT eo T eeaIRerparreiewesamemannbaiieetuabanettrabetane iron ri anata:
t
{
{
3
yoqge :4s0g poyuleg oy} 0} ‘sopiut usa}x1s ‘surejunoUut
uaiieg ‘YSlyY [e1aAVs JO spud ay} punor pue ‘1940
OpoOl PUL YseyYVaIG AoIJe YN Jog *9aIJoo poos jo sey
~yeoiq @ Jos pue ‘asnoy o1qnd ev ye poreg = ‘zeuruns
SI} }JInq useq SAY SasNoY VATAA\} JNOgGK e194 MK ‘asel
-[IA 9f}}If @ SUosurerT[I AA UTeydeg Jo yeas oy} ‘YEG 03
Sa UdAV[a Spor puke GYyst-Aep 41937e UOOS jNO Jos
—Aj[NoWIp owos yy ‘sasioy ano poyaT[o9 ‘yg
"yea O} ‘SosmoYy 10
SaA[ASINO JOJ Suigjyou Suracy ‘pey oA s}ojuro0d oyy
[[@ SPA YIM :UALO INO Jo ssnoy & VARY 0} [NJYUeYY
‘yavp Joye ouy e dn yonajs om o10ym Syaeq Jo ulqes
2 0} ‘Aoyyea Aourd jo soyrut uaAVs Jnoge YSnoaiy} usy_y,
— ‘ow ‘yoo,wey ‘ouid 4Gnusoyo YIM potoquity [Tom
‘SUIVJUNOUL JO SOTIW DATIA\} jNOGe 1aAO Udy} :puey
juetjeoxe Apjsour ‘sepIu aAjom} ynoqe ArjzUNOD Ves
-souuoxy) oY} YSNOIY} UO posseg ‘UaANjoI 0} pey pue
‘sajIul U9} PkeOoL Ino posstuI—A]Ie9 ynNO JOS “WIP
= sozyoudieyut we Ag way) 0} oyods oy
‘Ajpuetsy poreodde oym ‘Aep sty} surtpuy Jo sequinu
Ve your aad ‘poos st ‘a1oy ‘s,Aqsogq woz peor ay,
—'sg[IUl U99}XIS por Bulaey ‘s,uoswerIAA uleydeg
ye “Ad IJAT Sowep yytM Surspoy dn yooy, “ar98 sad.
yeaym jo sjaysng Ayjy poonpoad seg ‘poyearypno uey
pue {yoeq-esioy uo poy s,uvUT B se YSIy se sseis
Yi Burpunoge ‘aojoq JIA oy} Suoye syey yor jo
so108 Jo spuesnoy} dAoqge ‘aspii oy} UO ‘u9A11 Bossou
-U2x) 9Y} JO pts jsoM-Y}A0U oy} dn peraeAosiod 9 AQ
, ‘spunod puesnoy} AjU9M} pus
peipuny ouo Joy ‘IVIg S}JasNYyoEsseyY OY} Jo WY SII
uorydure-o1d ay} poseyound sia0yy -yueqoy = “sueip
-UJ BY} 0} Ssuo[eq ‘oassouUaX) Jo ysOAL purl-oqy,
"OUT} SUC] & UNS
ay} ees 0} Joy poseds pey pox) o10ja.104} fsjasaenb
IVNUNOL S ADTTANIT Tove EST
5
Jct wana sites sillaeer tance tate Steet
VT tt OR
‘utd usye} ‘sumpueiowam pur ‘sjovsjxa Surmorfoy
out ,,‘eull} Aep 9y},, UI GDIAJIS SNOISI[e1 JO ,-HIOM
s,Aep,, sty Sulfypny ur ‘seaoy yz, jaqy jo Aysnpur oy}
MOYS 0} Japio UI puUY ‘soT}OU s,Joptad OY} 0} WY
vonpo.ajur 03 zodoid poutsap st 41 ‘s10}1pa oy} Jo spuvy
Oy} OUI UdaT[ey Ajjud.0I BABY $19}}9"[ SuINsuUa 9Y}
se Yoojap sty} Ajddns 0} ‘ounseow jjews owos UT
3 ) , our
“IIT JONG ,, 04} ul poysttqnd 19M UlOY} JO “nee e
[[euls Os 3eY} yoaZoa ‘spuoldj SIy Jo s1oquinu se ][aM se
-‘sjuepuadsop sity Jo oulos yey} pue ‘079 ‘spaaeay SozT]
sty jo yeuunor jo Aem Aq ‘s}d1s0snueui o[qeaapisuod
Ye SYy-3ey} pooysaspun sizy *jadso¥ oy} Jo soysturur
orjesisua jnq ‘ajduus pue ysouoy ‘poyeorpap siyy jo
SSUIJIUM pus eyo ay} Jo MaTA ALoyRystpes B OAIS 0}
jotaq 007 yonur ysnoy} ‘y10M 9f17T] JUdT[9OXO Uk ST 4]
* ‘syoeajxo Suryeu wos popnypooid ore om ‘painoes
useq oAry 0} savadde yyS11-Adoo oy} seqng = “saaray
juonbasqns pure ‘ojiy Ajaea sty jo saepnonaed Suysa
-19}UI auIOS oe ‘erydjepeplyg ‘oy sewoyy, pue ur
-eluag Aq poysrjqnd ‘sosed Ayjy ynoqe jo ,,‘sewoyy
J2qV Surusad.u00 sJ0Wle;y jJolig,,, @ uy ‘Surjeou
Ajyjuou sayoxng Jo o819A oy} UlyJIM so1ayMauIOS
0} ‘uolloyy wor ‘yjynoA & sem oY ofIYM ‘padourOL
oym ‘seWoYyy, ouTIeY}eD pue qooer o1aM sjuored SIH
"LELI read oy} Jnoqe usoq sea oy yey) savodde H
‘SVNOHL TAAV
‘II "T0A) ‘CEST ‘HLNOW CUIHL [-y “ON
"ANWETIGOSEM SCNUMEUW A
‘ATIGNI'T DOOVEG
‘Jey &@ pue syjuou ano ynoge ‘Aouanof Sursi9
-19x9 ‘@WOS|IO} SIy} UO JUSSqe UZ0q SuLAeYyY—sowoY
[etaaas 1104} 0} popssdoid Aueduiod oy} ‘oouszy]
"UICJUNOWM S19}9q WO} Soul 9914} Jnoge pue
‘ysangsiiiezy wou sojru Ajuomy st Adtoy sop] |
"UOSIx) SVULOYT, OF
SAO] Loy potisap pue Sauer] snipaus0g jo 19] 4ySnep e
SI OJLM Vsoym ‘s.slaMOg [9eYDIjA] ye paspo'y ‘sopiut
9u0-A}IIY} pofeAes} SUIAVY :49Al1 9Y} OPO T V1OyM
‘AIL9J -S9]JUT 0} AQALL oY} Jo Opts Jsam Oy}, UMOP
epol—youviq jsoM BY} psssolo—jno JOS “UIST
‘asnoy ,S}SIPpOyJIAT OY} UI Sut
~jQ9U pros e& pey ‘uoousaIyy ‘putw Aw jo aoved ay}
0} {uooUsIOy oY} UT ‘ajJIM puUe sauleyT Yeisor ‘ajim
pue uospreyory “ATI YeuURPT poystA “UILT
‘snSenbstiry,) ay} pessoas om ‘aoerd yorum reoU : UOT,
-ounf aay} ye “euueyenbsng jo soyoueiq yynos pue
yitou ay} uvemjoq poyenzis Apjueseayd ‘sosnoy Az11Y}
ynoqe jo uMOo} & ‘puRploquinyyON 0} ‘soptur AzIIYY
apor pue ‘Aaounyy pesso.io ‘putyaq yooro yoos[eAo’E
Wor] ‘SOIIUIL] S-SI[[HT WeIp[IAA Pus DdRTTeAA [ONUIVS
re Aywunjioddo Sunszed uurejos & pefy “Y4I0T
‘suosvos painoArj—‘osie] Y}OG :uooUJaze
ey} Ul ‘S,SI sabe jonureg ye ouO pue ‘uUCOUDSIOF OY} Ut
‘fiend ye suTjoour poyutodde ue pepus}}y ‘y16
‘aSpor 0} SST
WIVIT]TAA 0} JUOM pu ‘s,adeTTeAA TaNweg je poulg
4a10jul0d Ino 0} “Buysout Avounyy papusyy “yIsS
“IVNUNOL S.ADTANIT doove— * 9S1
Jacob Lindley's Account
Jacob Lindley documented his journey of four and a half months to attend the treaty negotiations between the United States and the Six Nations, which was to be held at Sandusky, Ohio, in 1793. He kept a daily and detailed account of the journey and the people he met, as well as various thoughts and reflections on contemporary politics and morality.
Lindley, Jacob, 1744-1814
1793
54 pages
reformatted digital
Friends Miscellany Vol.2 No.2 (1832), pp.49-96