Win Magazine Volume 11 Number 24

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PEA:CE

Juty'tQ 197s /30¿

& FREED,M TI{RU NoNvIoLENf,

DAVID MOR,RIS ON
RE.

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Satíre by R ita Mae B röwn ,
Susan Slaxe 's
fument ín
^Srø
Court;
jo_el opp enheimer celpbrat es
the end of the wa,r:
'
JaílhouEe lawy erg:|and
Earbara Demine áets in a
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last word (or
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3) She resorts to guilt by associ¿tion
(Catholic publishers)
4) She reiorts to personal abuse ("a Þedi.

greed dog")

5) She suggests her opponent should be
physically mutilated by the people (.,Herlt
be lucky to come out with a not-so,pedigreed vase_ctomy")

I'd like to update my article on Wales for
Housework, which I wrote a few months
ago & which appeared in the July 3 issue.
Since the a¡ticle was written, the Interna-

tional Wages for Housewoik Network has
begun-an international cam¡iaign to.win a
wage fgr every woman, Initially, we arefocusing on spreading our ideas, so that
evety-woman hea¡s.about wages for housewo¡k Ttière are Wages fo¡ Housework
Groups in the US, Canada" Britain, & Italy.
For further infomration, contact Philadelphia Wages for Housework Action Group,
doz s ¿8th st., philadetphia, pa. 19143.

_JACKIE GREENLEAF

Philadelphia, Pa.

Hurray for Leah Fritz"'Open Letter to
Chuck Fager" [WIN, 6/ l2l75 ] . I haven't
ever heard it said better. But the pain of
this reality strikes me when I compare with
the values ol other groups iri this countryThe Farm in Tennessee which says "come
on and stay with us & you won't need qn

\

abortion. We'lt help you deliver & care for
your child" and outside the country in
China where child care is dealt with as a
reality of both men's & women's lives. I've
reared my three & would have enjoyed
more but I did have to pay a high price to
protect them & give them a cha¡rce to
develop well. Male Chauvinism & irresponsi.
bility to w-omen & children just has to go!
"Perhaps

if more mén started taking

care

of kids they would learn to respect life and
not dollai bills." -Mark West

-MARGIE EUCALYPTUS
Kansas City, Mo.

In your June 12 issue are a number offine
articles from North Vietnam, from a young
man facing registration, from the Lexington
FBI experience, etc.
There is also an a¡ticle on abortion
which reminds me of the style of disputa'
tion so often found in left'wing sects'
Notice the similarities:
l) The author denies the right of her op
ponent to speak ("presumptuous as hell for
him to enter the debate")

2iSh" .o.p"tes her oþponent with the oP
pressor (CIA)

This type of joumalism may be spicy,
but it's foreign to nonviolence. In the long
run such articleq repeated often enough,
will discredit feminism. In the short run,
they teàr down the reputation for cot¡.
structive, balanced writing which WIN is trying valiantly to build. -ARTHUR HARVEY
South Acworth, NH
Thanks for printing my letter [WlN,
6ll2l75l about the shipment of medical
supplies to Vietnam from Vancouver. I forgot to include the address ofthe Canadian
Friends Service Committee to whom more
donations fo¡ Vietnam can be sent. I think
it would be helpful to the people of Vietnam ifyou would print this address along
with the. others I list he¡e so \{IN readers
can send donations to aid in the reconstruc-

tion of Vietnam
In Canada: Canadian Friends Service
Committee (CFSC), 60 Lowther Ave.,

Toronto, Ontario ¿¡¡d Canadian Chapter of
the People's Frónt Against Famine, Box
9351, Quebec, Ste. Foy, Quebec.
In the US; Medical Aid for Vietnanr,
654 Winthrop Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02L38 and American Friends
Seniice Committee, ll2 S. l6th Street
No.3, Philadelphi4 Pa. 19102,

-RTCHARD MOORE

New Westminster,

BÇ Canada

This is in response to Robert O'Schaefre¡'s
letter in 7/3/75 WIN criticizing my Changes
item about the March on Eoston. Whethei
he likes it or not, busing has become a
nationwide symbol on the race issue.
Racists have lined-up on the anti side, anti,
racists on the pro side. It's like it says in

that old, picketline song: "Whìch Side Are
You On?" When Wallace or Ford or Nixon
want to make clear to southernvoters
where they stand, they say "antibusing"
It's the hip way to express bigotry.today,
Terms like "nigger" have gone out of
fashion, even for Wallace and the deep south
politicians,
So since, symbolically, busing has become the main issue, Boston has become the
focus of the struggle, nationally, That's howcome the May March on Boston (and last
December's) are comparable to the civil

rights dembs of the 60's.
O'Schaeffer calls-the May ma¡ch a

busing'demonstration."
where he picked up those inner quotation
marla. I cärtainly didn't call it a "probus
ing" demonstration; I certainly don't view
busins as The Solutíon And I doubt that
any of the thousands of ma¡chen consider

it

as

_JIM PECK
New York, NY

such.

Marion Ande¡son's "The Empty Pork Bar-

rel" IWIN,

518/751 was 4 superb analysis

of how Pentagon spending is responsible

for

a large share

ofcurrent national unem-

ployment. The defense budget of $100 bil'
lion (not including paSt wars) means the
loss of 1,050,000 jobs as a minimum.
Probably no othei sin¡¡le souróe of unem' .
ployment can be directly charged with
such a large proportion (about an eighth
or ninth) of the total. Ofcourse as a
:
Califomia paciûst I am disappoiriteA to
leam that this state is one which gains jobs
with defense spending, even though nationwide the efect is a net loss,
Andefson's a¡ticle rounds out the war
resister's arguments for total disarmament.
Our primæy reason is of course the im'
tno¡alit!¿ of all war and all preparations to '
wage it. Secondarily there are side effects:
nuclear testing kills life by radiation, the
draft (which would be reactivated in
another major war) destroys civil liberties,
defense spending puts money into circula-

tion (whether by borrowing or by taxation)
without producing conzumer products and
thereby is a major cause of inflation, and it
uses ráw mate¡ials needed

by civilians and

so ñ¡rther contributes to inflation and
damaging the ecology, etc.

just finished reading your June 26 issúe on
lesbianism and I felt that I had'to respond.
What prompted my response were the first
two a¡ticles by.Andrea Dworkin and Julia
P. Stanley, Andrea's article was quite mov;.
ing, especially so because it'described two
women trying to get free in a wo¡ld where
freedom has continually been denied them.
I have long been a worshipper of Barbara
Deming (he¡ life and her writings have been
greatly instrumental in my exaÍrining and
attempting to restructure my own life), and
I am happy to see that she (and Andrea)
have both finally been able to b¡eâk through
their outcast status and their own hangups'
and I pray-that at long last they will finally
be free.
Julia's article struck me in an entlrely
difrerent way. Being a whiie, male, Âmeri.
can of AngloSaxon stock, anarcho-paciûq[
ain't an easy thing to be these days. The '
ûist stirrings of consciousnôss came to my
life in 1963, with the civil rights mevement,
and the assassinations of Diem and Kennedy. It became appafent to me at that
time, stuck off in the nether regions of
West-Point-on-the-Hudson, that I was living
I

"'Dro
I don't know '

to

The govemment's recent program of
keeping defense intact but creating jobs by
bigger budget deficits can only lead to moge
inflation later if not soonei. The SØot¡ili!
tary cut urged by the Congressional Black
Caucus is the most sensible economic suggestion of any political group. This program
should have pacifst support, even though
we ou¡selves advocate a zero military budget

all that is necesary with nonviolent
defense.
I have been a tar< refuser in one way or
anôther since about 1948, büt I think that
never have so many Americans been pra
pared to listen to the evils ofPentagon spênding than right now when theirjobs are at
stake and their purchasing power is evaporat-'
as

ing with inflation.
ZERO THE PENTAGON!

;

my life entirely incorrectly. But I was fû
from being politicalized, let alone radicalized. I was merely disgruntled and bitter
(that I'd been such aÍooll), So I became an
ardent supporter of civil rights, and I
sta¡ted to study the. real reasons for our
involvement in Vietnam. Well" I watched

the Movement grow up all around me, and
I watched 1t go through the various phases
of its growth. Civil rights, ahti-Vietnam,
anti.imperialist, anti.capitalist- all them
anti's we were accused of being, while the
truth that we were pro-pcace,. propeÒple,
prelife kept getting hidden in théback
rooms ofthe power-grabbers' ofñce buildings'
And, tnally, I summoned up the nerve
to join the Movement. Oh, I didn't throw .,
all the trappings of my middle-class life
away. But I worked actively for the end of
the war, for an end to racisrn, and even fo¡
the end of sexism. Which brings me aror¡nd
to Julia's a¡ticle and the sadness and
despair of my response to

it that prompted

this letter. I arh sad becaùse I try to approach all human beings as human beiugs,
and yet I am continually categorized and
stereotyped" Because I am white, I'm a
racist; because I'm American, I'm imperiat-

ist; because I am anti-capitalist, I'rn a Cont
munist; because I'm male, I'm sexist (gay
males will atlest to that, too, because I'm
not gay). Qgite some time ago, I decided
thât I'd refuse to be blamed for the plight

of blacks in'this country, because I knew
in my heart of hearts I wasn't guilty, And
I'll þe damned if I'll take the blame now for
the plight of women in this country.
What causes me such anguish is that I
have had to observe the fragnentation of
,tbe civil rights movement (us ardent integrationists a¡e an embârrassment to everybody,
it seems); I have watched the fragmentation
of the anti-war movement (they think they
:have us paciûsts on the rûn!); and now I anl
watching the fragrnentation of thé feminist
movement. I think Julia's article points up
why all thesg attempts to unify the outcasts
in.this country have failed, and it all boils
down to one word: power. Out country's
disease began befo¡e the ink was dry on the
Cdnstitution, because. all those "¡evolutionaries" who fought the British were on
their own power trips. The disease developed
for over 190 years of one sort of power struggle after another. But, I honestly thought
that amorphous group of outcasts called the
Movement would end all th'ht. They would
help America ûnd the greatest power of allthe power to abandon the search for power.
The power to live, work, struggle and love
each other as human beings, given all the
differences that make us so unique in the
animal "kingdom."
Well, it was a nice fantasy once upon a
time. I like to tell my friends that I'm going

to retire after my fortieth birthday, find
some shady spot and while away the days
reading Shakespeare. I used to think it was
so¡t of a wistful joke, But now I'm not so
sure. Anyway, I hope Julia Stanley learns

to develop the strength, compassion, wis
dom and beauty of someone like Barbara
Deming She'll be a lot better off if she
does; and

I'll

rest arlot

RIGHT ON, LEAH! Thank You for Your
eloquently angÍy response to Chuck Fager's
readinglist. Ever since he started writing
aboút abortion (Real Paper-'13 or'74)l've
wanted to say similar things to him. If he
wants to stop abortions, he should spend
his time educating men to take responsi
.bility for their sexuality-how many men
are the ones using birth control in a sexual
.

-^"ily|äT:il

$l

$15,000

181 Changes

20. Reviews
Cover: Lithograph by Steve Stamas.

Mafis Cakars. Susan Cakars. Chuck.Fager

Mary Mayo. Mark Morris....Susan.Pinet
Frcd Rosen
Murray Rosenblith .

.

,

UNINDICTED
CO.CONSPIRATORS
J.n Batry. L.ncc Balvlllc . Tom Bruclior ,..:1i.,;. J.rry Cotln . Lynnr Cotf n . Ann Dtvldon " ' :'i
Ol.n! O.vlos. Ruth O¡¡r. R¡lph DlCl!
Erlrn Doharty. Wllll.m Oouthrrd. Karon Ourbln
Jo¡n

Foldy. Jlm For.st . L.rh Frltr. Lrrry Ott¡

Hrwk. N.ll H.worth . Ed licdon'¡rnn
. Rlck Hcrtzbcrg i K.rll Jry

O¡vld

Johnion

q

N¡ncy John¡on

¡ r Çtllot

.

lgll

Roodanko . N¡ncy¡Ros¡n

Sandar3. Wandy Schwartz .'M¡rthå Thomara¡
Wrskow. Allcn Young. Bavarty Woodwrrd

Box 547 / Rifton / New York
Telcphone: 91&3394585

$27,729.58

$s,fl)o

$4o,qoo

,

4. lndia Suspends Dissent I Dovid Morris
6. Next Month at a Glance
R¡to Moe Brown
9. celebrating thé peace
joel oppenheimer
12. Susan.Saxe's Stattifnent at Sentenqing
14. How tò Be a Jailhouse Lawyer l
Nick DiSpoldo
17. On the filbject of Trust
Barbaro Deming

Jrzor.
Welcome Andrea Cakars! 6130175

No.24

STAFF

"ntt"t,_,üT.*, ABELL

Rocþille, Md.

rerationship?

July 10, 1975 lVol. Xl,

$45,000

1241Í,

^,

$5o,oo0
for oplnlons o(pras¡ad and ¡ccuracy
glvan. Sorry-m¡nu¡crlpt3 crnnot ba

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unla¡3 ¡ccomÞånlcd by. a rall.rddrca¡ad
onvalopa.
Pflnt d ln usA
2 WIN

wtN'3

rl

I

INDIASUSPENDS DIS
I

,
A bloodless tronsition is what we would lÌke and
we should strÌve for it, but u)hat will happen

moneyleñders, this elite excused itself on the grounds
that "democratic processes always take more lime."
Jawaharlal Nehru was a Bloomsbury socialist who was
willing to encourage a leftward drift on the part of
central government administrators as long as there
was no serious threat of revolution on the part of the
lndian.masses. ln this, he díffered with Gandhi, who
seemed to have more trust in the masses than in the

depends on the strength

of the masses.
The Quesrion of the Future
of the Revolu tion, VoL :1, p, 290

-ltloq

The scene must have been inÇomprehensible to
a senior civil servant on his way to work at one
of the central government offces in New Delhi.
Black-and-yellow Fiats and Ambassadors driving through the streets with policemen and famous
pol¡ticians. Police jeeps parked on many of the
fashionable blocks. Hovq staggering to be told that
th.e e¡tire leadership of ihe Opposition-that large
jellyfish which recently had been shown to have
teeth-had been arrested. Some of the most famous
peop_le.in lndia were in those taxis,.on their way to
the "4" class iails-Jyotimory Bosu, leader of the
Communist Party (Marxist) and Moraji Desai, once
deputy prime minister of lndia and a close friend of
Neh.rus, and Jaya Prakash Narayan, the72-year-old

Engl ish-speaking el ite.

By sl'5ps¡¿¡rg the constitution and declaring a
state of emergency because of the threat of remìval
from offce, lndira Gandhi has isolated heróelf from
the majority of this elite. Her contact with the
masses,_despite her rhetoric, is nebulous. By jailing
the leaders of the nonviolent opposition môúement,
and Gandhi's devoted follower, J.P. Narayan. she hás
functionally thrown in her lot witn tne Russíans. tt
has bgen a Russian goal, since around 1970i to transform lndia into a sub-imperialist state that would
serve Russian interests in the samg fashión that Brazil
serves the united states. Although lndira had tried
to preserve maneuverinþ room by playing the pro

spiritual heir of Gandhiji.

\

At work in the central government offces. there
must have been a thousand whispered converiatíons
as rum.ors s¡rgad down the corridors, Like any capital
city, New Delhi thrives on rumors. But these iumors
were çonfirmed when lndira Gandhi spoke on.nationwide radio. She accused the Oþposition Farties of a
"widespread conspiracy" that ihreatened the internal
security of lndia. She said, ',The forces of disintegration are in fu_ll play" and accused critics of incitin?
"our armed forces to mutiny and our police to reb-e|."
Then she invoked the lnternal Sequrity Act agairist
th-e leaders of the Opposition, some of them ñlembers
of Parliament. Later the offcially announced number
of arrests totaled over 110Q although the unofficial
number may never be known. Article 19 of the lndian
Constitution, the Bill of Rights, was.suspended. lndira
Gandhi thereby showed her firm intention to remain
in power asuEmpress of lndi4 despite the massive
nonviolent movement that has been organizinþ itself
this past year.

- þqocracy in lndia was always the pride and joy
of the English-speaking elite, sínce it was a direct
imitation of the English form of government. Al-

thpugh little has been accomplishèd ¡n bettering the
life of the masses because the central governme-nt
was always afraid to take on the rich landlords and

Dwid Monis writes lrequentty for lltN on lndìa,

where he grew up, and Appalachia, where he now tives.
4 WtN

Piloo Mody and Moraji Desai. These are the.¡deologi-.
cal cousins of the generals in thê lnlian Army, who
have no love for the Russians despit{the u¡e of some
Russian armaments. ln órder to consirlidate her position, lndira will have to make sure of the loyalty of
the lndian Army. Memories of Allende can not be far
from her mind.
Since the days of the Allende overthrow, she has

.

Russian Communist Party of ln¿'ia of aeã¡nst ihe
large capitalist families (the Tatas and Birlas), she has
noW served notice that she is willing to let lndia become a sub-imperialist state if the Russians will sup-

port her rule. And her primary supporters, at the
moment, are the Communist Party of lndia (pro
Rus:ian) and.tndira loyalists in thä Congrets'Þuny.
The nonviolent movement, unified aì:ound the
leadership.of J.P. Mrayan, ¿dseñej ðrã¿äfõ ärivine
lndira to this act of desperation. lndia ís in terrible "
shape right now. There is wide-scale corruption and
profiteering. lnflation has eroded the progiess of
lndia's new middle class. The poor peäsañts and land,
less farmers are ín worse condition ihan under,the
British. Jhere is an undeclared drought and famine
in the state of Tamil Nadu that threãþns the lives of
millions of Tamils. Yet this misery has also meant
profit for the rich landlords, speculators, corrupt officials, movie stars, black marketeers, anã certain
groups of merchants and industrialists. lt ¡s the
prosperity of these people and the contræting
poverty of the rest of lndian society that prôvided
the tension crystallized by the Opposition movemenl
tsy declaring an end to the period of ,,democracy,t
ín lndia, lndira has set the stage for further strugglé.
The question now that seems most immediate iilhat
of the army's response. Conservative and Englishtrained, the.army has repeatedly pointed to its
origins and disclaimed any interest in politics.
-English
Yet many of the politicians who were jailed were
conservative leaderq including such right-wingers as

'

,

,

followed a policy of neutralizing the army through
rotation of officers and a large defense budget. Will
this be sufficient? Or will the generals and senior
offcers tear that a purge of the army might serve hei
purposes better? lt's unlikely that the army will move
immediately, until they feel directty threatened, but
it's not unreasonable that a countermove by elements
within the army will take place within two months or
ayear, depending on lndirals ability to overcome the
doubts and fears of senior officers.
The loyalty of the.lndian Police Service and the
lndian Civil Service is scarcely less important than
the loyalty of the army. lndia is a continent which is
artíficially a nation, patched fðgether by the British.
The spine of this nation is the central government,
which maintains control of the different parts of
lndia through its centralized control of administration and police power. The central government
bureaucrats are vital to the holding together of the
state because without central goverfrment cohesion,
the states would move towards secessien and nationhood based on linguistic and cultural lines. Followingthe British pattern of administration, the IPS and
the ICS are an elite group of nation bureaucrats. lf
they chose tp rebel (presumably in alliance with
senior offcers in the army), there would bp little that
lndira could do.
For the large industrialists and rich landlords,
there will probably be covert moves towards supporting the Opposition while offcially accepting
lndira's coup. While they have not suffered badly
under lndira's rule, the chance to ioin with rightwing elements in the Opposition and 'l'restore capitalism" is probably too tempting to resist. For the
United States, and the ClA, the current turmoil is
perfect for attempting to thwart Russian plans. There
have beeri rumors that one reason that the United
States has been so unhelpful with aid to lndia is that
lndia has bèen "signed over" to the Russians as part
of their sphere of jnfluence. However, this is impossible to confirm without access to Henry Kissinger's
mind and the files of the National Secur¡ty Couricil. lf ¡ndia has not been signed over, then I wouldn't
be surprised to see a wêll-financed Opposition camgaign, well-funded clandestine mãgazines and other

tactics familiar to observers of Chile.
For the industrial worker and for the rural
proletariat, the coup is likely to be felt not so much
in the absence of democr4cy as in the banning of
i
strikes and attempts to organize; This would cause a
. lowering of lndia's inflation a¡d a rise in productivity.
Once again, the loyalty of the army, the IPS and.lCS
is going to be a central determining factor.
;,
All these considerations mean problems and op*
portunities for the nonviolent Opposition movement.
J.P. Narayan himself seems committed to a "neither
*
left nor right" ideology that hai meant a shaky alliance between right-wing parties and the more militant Communist Þarty (Marxist) and Communist
Party (Marxist-Leninist). This coalition, by centering
..on the ills of lndia has managed to develop m¿ssive
demonstrations on a scale not seen since the days of

'

''

Gandhi.
The jailing of the leadership is an almost cerem0h¡al pAft of the lndian revolutionary.st¡uggle and
porte nds the eventual success of the Opposition (al'

though the independent role of the,army is a new

factoi). But what will be gained if..lndira is relîoved
only to be replaced by right-wing hacks, presumably
in alliance with the army and central government
bureaucrats? lndia would then be in the position of
Chìna during the period when the Ch'ing Dynasty
was removed from power. The embryonic apparatus
of state-capitalism would be dismantled and lndia

¡

I

,

would be at the mercy of the world market. The leftwing Opposition and other militant sarvodayas, possibly even J.P. N¿rayan himself, would be iailed or
Yemoved from the political scene. Depending on the
involvement of the United States and the ClA, lndia
might become sub-imperialist state of the United
States, useful in countering both the Chinese and
Russians. .(As a replacement for lndochina? A chilling
thought.)
ln order to combat these negative tendencies within, the J.P. Narayan-led movement is going to have to
focus on political educatipn'and development of true
mass institutions, the equivalent of urban and rural
"People's Soviets." A simple "Get lndira Gandhi"
policy will only play into the hands of the right wing.
There is a temporary vacuum in lndia now; lndira
will be slow to move against large popular groups of
peasants and workers until she is sure of the loyalty
ôf the army, police and the lCS. Furthermore, it would.
expose her lack of mass support. While the leaders are
in jail, it would bè a goofl time to encourage the seizing
of land by landless peasants, thCsoizing of factories, ,,
by workers, the seizing of colleges by students-a take-.' '
over from the bottom while the elite plays out its own
drama. The militant sarvodayas and revolutionary
cadre have had a tumultous several years, evei since
the lessons of the invasion of Banglade.sh became clear.
But this is a crucial time. lf the Opposit¡on mòvement
doesn't expand beyond the target of lndira Gandhi to
the ailing strucutre of lndian society, then the nonviolent movement will înevitably contract and fail, as
it d¡d in the Nehru years.
Last November, I ended a WIN article on lndia
wíth these words: "And the options are now narrowing on two: revolution or starvation." I thini< these
rvords are now seven months truer than they were

"

¿

then.

TV

WIN

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Drawlng by Joel Andreas/NACLA/LNS

Iloshington

Disclaimer: Any similarity to current eveirts is purely
coincidental. lf, on the other hand, the future proves
them true, remember you read it here first.

th

Au(ust 1. Today the economic stability which was announced would begin this morníng at 8i30 has been
postponed until tomorrow by an emergency decree cf

I

I'

the government.

Party concluded the preliminaries of a signiflcant . '
resoíution. The conservatives urge dldCongressional
members to throw their support behihd the'nêw
Chaos bill* now befôre the Sgnate, sponsored by
Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. The bill em'
porilers all military and police personnel to wear red,
white and blue armbands on those days when chaos
occurs. Attached to their arms are sprlcial weapons
which Sen. Goldwater wants mass produced. Encouraging caþitalism is one of the main functions of
the Republican Party, the Senator is alleged to have
uttered. President Ford's econom¡c stab¡lity was
severely criticized by the southwestern senator. He
declares his Chaos Law to be a much morersignificant
program. "Yes, I fervently support Chaos," he said
on NBC's T'oday Show.

August 2. The Freä Speech Movement bestowed its
annual award on Secretary of Agriculture, Earl Butz.
Stabil¡ty was announced today by President Ford.
Wall Street responded by standing still, a shining
example of stability. The Chase Manhattan Bank is
open for business as usual.

3. Humor declared counter-revolutionary by
the Marxist Red Star Over Chicago League. ln Los
Angeles the Republican Party proclaimed Lily Tomlin
UnAmerican and ref¡sed to send her a pink eiephant
invitation to the annual LA fundraisingparty jointly
hosted by Edgar Bergen.and Charlie McCarthy.
ug_ryt

August 4. Economic stability declared a success by
the Cabinet as nothing has happened since its inceþtion
two days ago. They cited a charming incident in New
York City as proof of the strength of their program.
First National City Bank did not allow any of iis
customers'to withdraw their money although they
are receiving deposits. This way, according to a hig'h
ranking bank offcial, everyone will have some money
in the bank and ûhe economy will certainly be the
more stable for iL Chase Manhattan maintained its
business as usual att¡tude.

iBV RIÎA MN€ BROWN

Rltø Mae Brown is the author of Rubyfruit Jungle.
Her poem "For Morgaret Rose From Rita Moe" appeored ln the lune 26 WlN,

concluded Sen. Goldwaterfs Chaos Program dangerous
for the Republican Party sinee'if directly opposes a
Republican president. He also issued grave warning
that this is the first indication that the GOP ever stood
in opposition to anything. For the moment the
Chase Manhattan Bank is open for busíness as usual.

'

a"

August 15. The Vloll Street

reportsthat

Journol
I Global Reach is currently banned
in Boston. The
Cut Throat Tactics are Good for Business and Good
' for Ar4erica'society was going to burn the book but-'-

revealed.

Ausust 10. The Chase Manhattan lowered ¡ts ¡nterest
rató from 1oo/oto9% on certain, qualified loans. A
reliable source said they did this to undercut the
conlpetition. A Mafia spokesman was not available for

comment. '

*Written before the CIA's Operation.Chaos was revealed.
Ooeration Chaos was a secret program collecting data relevant to American ¡adicals and activists, maintaining detail
files on ?,200 American citizens with access to over 300,000
American names. Reality started catching up with us before

printed"

..

August 14. The Feminist Coalition oi Sun rruniå"o .
refùses to run a candidate in this year's mayorality
election. They fear the offce will corrupt the holder.
By their withdrawal from the race a corrupt person
will fill a côrrqpt offce and everyone will feel safe in
the famil¡ar¡ty of the situatioh. "Besides," one wom'
an who insisted she is not the spokesperson said,
"why act for'the future if you are uncertain about
the outcome?" On the issue of the future the Ch¿se
Manhattan Bank is open for business as usual.

August 9. The Good Old Days Society announced to'
the press todalt that H.R. Haldeman is as^uccessor to
those men who made sacrifice upon sacrifice in Korea"
GODS declared Haldeman one of the better men in
his unspeakable situatioh. He wears a clean shirt and
never betrays his principles, because he has none. Unemployment steadies at3O% the Department of Labor

to get this

Aue¡¡it 13. fhe Dallas Chief of Police has fbrbidden
the singing of "We Shall Overcome" until further

notice.

August 8. President Ford used the great power of his
offõe to close down the,St. Louis zoo. He declared
the animals were lookíhg at him. He offset this
repressive açtion by presenting st¿tistics to show that
the economic stability program is definitely working.
Now all banks but Chase Manhattan are closed.

we managed

;

Augrrst 12. Kissingertreports the world economy,
whose eyes are tensed upon the US, needs peace and
perseverance. We must hold throughout the stability!
General Motors wíll continùe to conduct business in
.the stab¡lity. A new ariangment with the Arabs has
been conclqded: ten gallons of high grade oil folbne
sub-compaci car. That the Chase Manhattan Bank is
no mentíon,
.open for business æ usual needs

'

August 7. Senate Minority Leader, Sen. Hugh Scott

I

wíll take

the case.

.

1

FB

a cockatoo not a stool pigeon." The ACLU

August 6. The conservative faction of the Rgpublícan

,'GL4NCC

cockatoo was arrested an d

interrogated
thought the

turnihg."

ATN

n Bal ti more

August

August 5. Stability hàs now definitely brokdri out
everywhere. Banks all';over the ¡3tion are following
First National City of New York's stérling example.
Representative Claude Pepper of Miami wþen charged
with drunken driving last night stoutly. maintained he
drank for reasons of economic stability. "lmagine the
unemployment if I stoppe4" he ¡aid. "We must keep
the wheels of industry
r'

-WIN

decided aga¡nst it fearinþ spectators would bask iri
the light.

August 16. Since no money can be withdrawn fiom'
any bank except the Chase Manhattan, supermarkets
are acceptingWlN buttons and poker chips at fair
rates of

exchange.

'

Ausust 17. Vice President Rockefeller heatedly
refõted accusadions that there's a conf[ict of interdst
between his pr:ivate holdings and the duties of a public servant. ihe New York Ti¡nes hinted the VP might
use his officg to further his personal fortune. "Nonsense," the Vice President tepliedr '"given the econgml
ic stab'ility prggram even I can't inakè money." The
Chase Manhattan Bank is open for business as usual.

August 18. A reliable source urges all Americans to
flush twice. lt takes a long time to get to Washington.
August 19. Ronald Reagan today made public his support of Barry Goldwater's Chaos program. Rumor has
it that the two men are consideríng starting a third
party. Wilbur Mills will not be invited
August 20. Light stab¡lity witþ a strong north-eãstedy
wind. Princeton studènts on the occasion of the
eighteenth day of national economic stability pro
teited against the'Monroe Doctrine as well as against
all future doctrines. Academic honor and.four students
were slightly wounded. Some of the la¡v enforcement
¡i

6 WIN

Cartoon from ACTTON/LNS

T.

officers were noted wearing red, white and blue armbands. Senator Goldwaterienied any knowledge of

August 29. Nicholas Vo;r Hoffman, famous columnist,
was arrested today for undermining the confidence of
the people and for spreading rumois that the banks
did not have our money aÍld èven if they did it would
be worthless because there's not gold to back it up.
ln his defense he quored Kurt Tuihotskv, if.,ã éJirnrn
satirist, "Çollective judgements are alwayi unjust but
useful. A critic of society has the right to regárd the
lowest type in a group as representttive of it, for the
group tolerates that type, does not exclude ii and
thus positively incorporâtes it into the group spir¡t.,'
Von Hoffman maintains that bankers dõserv'e zuch collective judgement..
August 30. Senator James Buckley introduced a bill
into the Senate today to deport all Americans whose
ancestors arrived here after 1 870. Givèn the success
'of economic stability, Sen. Buckley
felt these people
should return to their eth.nic homeiand and prbmote
stability abroad. Senator Edward Kennedy wt¡ãn aske¿
his opinion of the proposal declared he had no inten_ :
tion of returning to lreland. 1,t don't even like Bostoñ,',

the incident.

August 21. Norman Mailer told people Magazine he
was rired of wr:iting. l,l would l¡le tb nol¿-my tongue
for years-but who will pay me for thar?1, f4i. quiíl lumped at the offer. Negotiations are in effect.
August 22;Yesterday, in the streets of lowa City, an
American dollar was seen. This is obviously a.uóé ãi
public deception. We must emphasize thatlit is not in
the national interest if such an incident occurs in the
United States again. The Chase Manhattan Bank continues to be open for business as usual.

2:. National Airlines is suing rhe firm of Bells,
å.ySust
nttch, scream for their parorly of the ,,FJy Me" ads
produced for the National Gay Taik Fori'e and shown
on national television.. J. Walter Thompson responding
to this crisis in the industry called for ä new truth in advertising policy to be practiced by all firms. ln con_

nection with the National Airlines case, the personal
life of Mary Bells is under review. Ms. éells says she is
not.gay she just likes to laugh a lot and th'e parody

:

August 24. $60,000 not enough and the Chase Manhattan Bank refuses him an account! Nixon will re_
enter public life in Las Vegas at the Sands with a show
called, "Dickie and One Hundred Gulse." Mitzie
Gaynor.can.'t make.opening night but Sammy Davis
Jr. said he'll open the act with his old hit song ,,The
Candy Man." Chase Manhattan Vice presidenìs are
not available for commenti on customer criteria.

I

i
I
I

i
l
i

ì

August 25. Economic stability an unimagined success.
President Ford is rumored to'be beside hïrr.if ou",
the program. An offcial clqse to the Chief Executive
expressed some displeasure'with Chase Mañhattan's
open door policy. However, the Christian Science
Monitor, covering the firm iince the bqginning of th"
ecgnomic sfability announcement on nugustl re_.
porfs only Harvard and yale graduates seõn enúeling
and leaving the premises.

ì

.¡

t

1

'I

I
L

I
l

said.

Celebrat

the
¡i':'I

BY

,

into your own
houses that is

where peace begins.
the war is starting

what spee'ches will
you make or hear
that have not been
made or heard before?.,'
the war is starting again

t

in what waY UY
gathering to

reconstruct the
air that was
before? how by

the war has never ended

you are gloating You
are waving your
flags in trit¡mph.
no god no master
the flags said in
paterson so long
ago the s¡lk
strike, th.e onlY
flag i wish to
see no v/ars no
governments no
states to take
umbrage like a
human being.

A--ugust 2&,.More

I

WIN

!t

gamboling before
the orators on
sunny days to
make a peace?

August 27.The Women's Liberation Satire Conven_
tion which convened yesterday in Kansas Ciiv an.nounced guildelines for writers, An excerpt réads,
"Satire has an upper boundary, Mao and Mava
Ange-lou are beyond it. Satire also has a lowär boundary, Ph_y_llis Schafley is below it. you can't shootìüãt
low." CBS disclosed roday that it offered $250,000
to Lt. Wm. Calley to star in a made-for_television
movie of the Mai Lai incident.

open for business as usual.

joel oppenheimer

matter how you do it
you are celebrating
that war. go
home my towirspeople

Bank, etc.

intelligence disclosures in the light
of economic stability. Money which the FBI turñed
over to approved: communist organizations within the
United States ís being cut off. A reliable source within
the agency confessed that the FBI maíntains most
American communist organizations. ,,lt was for the
health of the nation,', he said. ,,p.eople need the con_
cept of an outside enemy in order to support their
government. Without such mass support how can we
keep Ameríca great1" The Chase Manhattan Bank is

9-15 May 1975

if you celebrate the
end of a war no

August 26.Today the National Abortion Council
cited Scoop Jackson as living proof of why we need
free abortion on demand. Tñe Chase ManÉattan

i

l¡'

I

August 31. Today Nelson Rockeïeller announced that
due to a chronic mental condítion suffere-d from play_
ing football without a helmet, president Ford witi háve
to step down from offce. However, the machinery of
state will run smoothly as the Vice-president will be
sworn in as President next Wednesday. David Rocke_
feller was selecred Vice president of ihe Unitäd States
in an emergency vote of tþe Congress. ln addition to
the traditional swearing in of offiõe both brothers will
swear an oath to free enterprise. The Rockefeller
Foundation assured Congréss that it will take ãnly a
few days to move all of iis personnel into the State
Department under the direótion of Henry Kissìnger.
The Chase.Manhattan Bank was open foi business as
usual. Champagne was served in the lobby.

made her laugh.

I

he was reputed to have

a

.

-'

the war goes on forever

Cartoon by Jennes Cortezlwash¡ngton park Sp¡rlt/LNS

loel Oppenhelmer lives lttGreçnwlch Vllloge. Hß work

.

hppeaä frequentty ¡n fáe Village Voice.

'

Photos from Vietnam! VletnamlluNs

wlN

9

T

made that we shall
be left alone to greet

our friends in peace,
even"smile at

forget the dead
people, forget limbs
piled like in
earlier bloody wars,
lorget organs blasted,

our neighbors, to let
our children grow.

eyes sqared, leaves

gone, earth scorched, yes
we did that too, forget
houseless pgople,
peopleless houses,

forget million dollar
helicopters falling
in the water, förget
the gold that weighs down
other choþpers on
their way to freedom.

i

i

l

the mayaguez has been taken by a u.s. destrover
the helicopters have landed maiines upon the island
there is no rhetoric will
make it as it was.

let us lay down
this burden down
by the riverside
let us feel peace
in our hearts and
minds let us have
no more celebrations
you celebrate what
you have beaten'you
forget what it was
was won, you beôome
the conquerors, you

certainly as jack
boots in paris.

very war that went

between. your

the fighting goes on
the war goes on

grandfather would

not recognize this
peace, as his would

you crôw your

not recognize the

triumph and peace
cannot win ever.

peace he knew. so
many wars.

to

save

it

when

have we not heard

if

that before.

you must celebrate

therq ¡s no Peace

it.

parade parade
march your banners

i will teach you my
townspeople"hoú to
perform a celebration.
build such a chain
of people you will
never need to
celebrate, you will

and your selves you
are victor.s, you

triumph over other
people, you have
won. what? you
have won what? you
have won and grind
them down. peace
is the absence of
a triumph

it

not need such

is

volces, many
bodies will destroy
you every time.
do not go to

quiet sunny days
in the park if
it comes to that

the party. do not
there is heavy small arms opposition
the men of the mayaguez have been released

one way or anothdr,
under orders or

just scared. peace
comes from poctum,
abargain, abargain
10 WIN

Photo from Gial Phong News Agency/LNS

works of hands.
the works of many

concern, even

populous. wars,
occasions of wars,.
they are frequentéd,
they are populous,
the people stream

:t

gatherings again,
except for the

quiet singing in
your house and bed,
it is turniñg to
whatever is your

støp celebrating.
celebèr, frequented,

Photo from Vletnam! V¡etnaml/LNs

you destroy the word

there

\

ê;

strut under arches
of triumph just as

peace changes by the

is no peace

several helicopters were downed in the assault
the ship has been returned
the crew i! safe
the marines are still engaged

celebrate the
end of war, you
celebrate, the war

there is never any Peace
there will not be anY Peace
the war goes on
the marines are landing
we don't take shit from anYone
we have won the Peace
we'll show them
peace should not be a victo-ry but a natural state
do not celebrate the end of war
the marines are landing
nobody wins

Photo by Bob H

tl

4'

"'-'z-

Here ìs the complete text of the stotement Suson
Saxe reod at her sentencing in federol court in philodelphio-on June 9th, lUhite we do not agree with
Suson Saxe thot "armed struggle agoinsl the Amerikan

SASAT{ SAXE'S
STATETTENT

state" is "valid and necessary"-in fact, we view the
use of violence 0s unwise, unnecessary nnd in the tong
run counterrgvolutionory, in other respects we ore

greot admlrers of our comrade, She is a person of
great couroge. She hosn't knuckled under.to the government. She hos given o good exomple of how to
dea.l with the judicial process without socrifrcìng one,s
pol¡t¡cs, Tho we view plea borgaining os o quësfìonoble
practice, we believe that here Susan Saxe hos ochieved
q victory, As she makes clear, this guilty ptea clears
h-er of all federol chorges øs well as exempting her
trom evèr being compelled to test¡fy¡ng ogolnst her
- friends and associates,

A
,:'

T:

SET{TENCIIVG

-WtN
>,,

that the United States government reoïzes that t am
not and never will be a collaborator. I have made it
clear to them that if I am called as a witness in any
government proceeding I will refuse to testify. The
government has agreed that I will not be held in con_
r tempt for this refusal. ln return, I have agreed to
enter a guilty plea and receive a tén year and a two
year sentence. The length of the sentence is a direct
result of my refusal to talk.
Today I am in effect pleading guilty in federal
court to charges stemming from a period lìve years
ago.when I believed, as I stíll do, that armed struggle

"r)

qo,
c)
q)

rl

S{
.è

1¡:

s
s

\

F-f

against the Amerikan state was a valid and neçessary
escalation of the politícs of the '60's. I understood ât
the time that the Amprikan Government was the most
dangerous, powerful, organized, violent opponent of
.people's liberation around the world. I also felt at

that time that the liberation of women, to which I
was already deeply and personally committed, could
best be àchieved by our full partiôipation in añd
leadership of what I then perceived as aworldwide
humanistic economic and cultural revolqtion led by
the Third World and aimed against the yankee Emþire.
Over of the course of the last five years, four and a
, faJj of which have been lived underground in Amerika,
l, like many other women who came to politics
through socialist, anti-racis! and anti-imperialist
causes-, have changed, have grown, have emerged a
feminist. Like these thousands of other sisteri, I am
.' no longer content to be just one strong womañ fighting for a revolution which, though it iijust and nõcessary, does not speak to my own highest aspirations-,
my own most personal and immediate needs. Over
the past five years, then, I have emerged a feminist, a
lesbían, a woman-identified woman. This was not a
conversion but a development, a natural process that
followed my previous commitment as day follows
night.

\

There have been many women throughout herstory who have taken great risks, put grãat faith añd
energy into movements that spoke to our liberation
as workers, as poor people, as members of every oppressed race and cþss, as everything but women. And
while many of thesè struggles have moved our people
forward, have improved our real lives in concrete
ways, and therefore, by definitíon been in the interest
of women, no struggle but our own, índependent of
others, and just and necessary in its own right can
ever hope to me3t all our needs. We have a right to

t2

$

t?

The most significant point of this plea agreement is

Ê.

o

Ê.t

s

'rs
+)

\)

È)

'/+

this struggle, a right to self-determination and self-;
definition as women, for women, a right to a new
world of our own creation
I am only one of many women who have come
through these changes in the past several years. Unlike many others, though, a few of us havä been
brough-t up sharply, face to face with our past and had
to.confront our former selves, for better or for worse
in the public eye and under rather dramatic and serious circumstances. At the same time and around the
same issues, a-deep and significant split has developed
in the women's movemeni. On, the one hand are
women who like Jane Alpert feel that the Amerikan
system can peacefully accommodate their feminist
demands and that women as women have no obligation to ryqqor! or protect any people's struggle tñat is
not explicitly feminist in ideology or even seóaratist
in practice. These women feel that it is permissible,
even desirable, to collaborate with the state in the
r¡ame of feminism, and that.it is in the interest of
feminist revolution to dis5ociate ítself from any
forces or individuals which are identified as enémies
of the state on the æsumption that it is we who bring
down state repression on a movement that otherwisJ
could comfortably exist within the belly of the beast.
the othe¡: hand, åre we women wirose growtt
.intoOnfeminism
has made us èven more determf ned not
to give in, not to accomodate ourselves to Amerika,
not to collaborate against sisters and brothers who
are our natural allies in revolution, not to repu.diate
.

t

F*)

ìs

m
our past, cut ourselves off at our own roots. For me,,
feminism is a commitment to be even m,þre radical, to
strike more deeply at the foot of our o¡iþression. My
fgminism does not make me re3ret economic "crimes"
against one institution of capitalism; it makes me
even more determined to see that whole system up'
rooted forever. My feminism does not make me
regret the theft of classified documents that exposed.
the US government's treachery against the p'eople, including US Army O Plan G-Operation Geronimo
B ravo-conti n gency p ans for cou nteri nsu rgency
operations against the civilian population ofthe Bos'
ton area in the event of martial law. My feminism
doesn't make me regret the destruction of a single
Ñational Çuard Armory, it only makes me wish to see
every last vestige of patriarchal militarism permanently blotted from the face of the earth.
But most importantly, my feminism does not permit me to collaborate with the Man in order to reduce
the amount of time I will have to spend in his prisons.
The agreement I am enterinþ into today is made on
the condition that I will never testify against Kathy
Power or give any information concerning anyone I
have known or known about in-the past five years.
And the ten year and two yçar sentences are based on
the government's understanding that I will give them
notñing ever, not in ten years, not in a hundred years.
I

My feminism does not drive me into the arms of
the state, but even further from it.

My guilty plea is predicated upon my understanding tliai as of this date the government has agreed to
end,its investigation in Philadelphia. This means no
grand jury, no harboring prosecutions, no legal torture of sisters whg refuse to speak to the FBl. Thç
credit for this victory goes to the feminist c-ommunity
. here, and to the sisters in New flaven, Connecticut
and in Lexington, Kentucky, whose courage in the
face of FBI and government harässment has been an
eryrmple to us ali-. Their resistance has given us'time.þ'
prepare to protect our cómmunities, our sisters, and ;
ourselves. The government would never have agrèerl
to end its investigation here if it had any hope of success. We have made it clear to them that we are together and unafraid, that our comrñunity is closed to
their threats, closed to their lies, closed to divisive tactics, that we will stand together and protect what is
' , ours, our homes, our organizations, our friends and
loveis, our priva'te lives.-The enemy cannot isolaie and
terrorize us, cannot walk among us with impunity.
We have shown those few desperate, self'serving
ter¡ified women who have urged us to collaborate, to
rush to preserye ourselves as individuals, to disas'
sociate ourselves from anyone who poses a real
threat to the state, we have shown'these frighteTred
women that there 13 an alternative. When we place
the blame for repression squarely on the enemy, not
on his targets, when we unite to oppose him, he can be
driven away. But when \rye run to the Man for shelter,
when we betray ourselves to appeâse him, we only expose others to his tactics ánd increase the danger to us
all.
Feminism is not collaboration. Ellen Grusse, Terry
Turgeon and Diana Perkins in New Haven, Gail-Cohee,
Debbie Hands, Linda Link, Jill Raymond, Marla Seymour and a gay brother James Carey Junkin in Lexing'
.I ton have shown us the way. Jill Raymond is still imprisoned in a Kentucky hell-hole and Ellen, Terry, and
Diana still face more time in the pastel fascism of
Niantic Prison in Connecticut. Write to these sister-s,
send love and encouragement. Let them know about
our victory here and about their role in making it pos'
sible. Support them the whgle time they are in jail and
when they Eiet out, invite them to Philly for a huge
celebratíon. Our victories should be marked and our
heras honored.
And now l'd like to reaffirm the statement I made
at the time of mY arrest:
First, a greeting of love and strenglh to all my sis'
ters-courage for our warriors, hope for our people
and especially for all my sisters and brothers underground in Amerika. Keep gn fighting, stay free, stay .itrong I promise you a courage tci match your own. I .
intend to fight on in every way as a lesbian, a feminist,
.

u"

îilTt:rhar I share with my sisters, ry propt., i,
far more powerful weapon than any the policè state
can bring to bear against us. What else can I say but,
once again, that I love you. We are strong and we are
not
\
a

afraid.

Susan Saxe's trlal in Boston on stote charges is due to
start in September. To keep posted on what's happening with respect to the Boston trìol or to con.trlbL¡te
finds which ore desperately needed, contoct:
Susan Saxe Defense Fun$

c/o Lawyer's Guild
1427 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19102

,'
wrN

13

The.60's were regarded as the decade of dissent, a
_
prolonged period of protests, demonstrations, boyi
cotts, and marches marked by mayhem and murder
in Mississippi. lt is interesting to note that the decade's
first storm of protest resulted from the execution of
Caryl Chessman in the gas chamber at San euentin
Prison on May 2,1960.

TOBEA

heard about Watergate.
Chessman, the world,s most celebrated iailhouse
lawyer,. kept himself alive for twelve years bn death
row thiough his own researched un¿ üüt"Ã'.ppeals.
Two of the three books he wrote on the row (i¡¡it øy
Ordeal and The Face of tustice) detail his judicial
fight for.his life and the probleñrs of the piisoner_

IAILHOUSE
LAVYER

tl

.

I have been confined in four penal systems (pennsylvania, Arizona, California, Lóuisiana) and l,ve
'But
the term
!1no-wn a good many jailhouse lawyers.
"jailhouse lawyer" is applied to any prisoner who Can
2ryþiqhgøeas ðows or knows how to draw up an

Affidavit in Forma Pauperis.

Every prison in America has an,aggregation of jail.house
piisoneis
lawyers or

"writ writers."

have be_

come very judicially oriented during the last ten years.
It is necessary to understand the legál resources of
prisoners and their judicial status iÀ order to fully
appreciate the p_otential effectiveness of jailhouse láw-'
yers, circa 1975.

BY N¡ck Dispoldo

\

. Fo.r many years Dante's phrase, ,,All ye who enter,
abandon-hope," would have been a painfully appropiiate inscription to place above the front gatei oi' .' t
America's prisons.
lf convicts were withóut financlal

or social resources they soon resigned themselves to
Tontf.s of misery and years of anguish and deprivation. Voi.ces raised in protest were pitifully impotent
and usually resulted in corporal punishment oi loss of
the few privileges permitted prisoners.

l

Appealing to the state courts was futile. These
courts were reluctant to interfere with the internal af_
fairs of the.prison community and this ulfo*"å prison,
crats to.inflí0t upon prisoners a variety of abusei. The
state prisoner could not seek federal relief for prison
abuses because judicial procedure required hini to
first exhaust all st¿te remedies. Which meant he had to
go through all the state courts.

ii

Naturally, prisoners were easily discouraged from

^..
fillng
and maintaining suits in court. The reiúchnce of
the state courts was only one of the obstacles the inmate petitioner had to contend with. prison officials
often confiscated legal materials and segregated jailhouse lawyèrs from the rest of the prisõn õopulátion.
ln fact, many prisons had rules deciaring tirai d¡sciplinary action would be taken against thiose inmates
giving legal assistance to others.

Nick DiSpoldo

wos

recently released from Arlzona

Stote Prison and ls now tìving in Tucson, dotng freelance wrìting,
Cartoqn from LNS
14

,

stamina.

prison abuses.

i

14 yearsafter his death, jailhouse lawyers
^Today,
refef
to him in the same manner Biliy Graham refers
to Christ.

,

-

stoned.

:

Wi th th is lan dmark dec ision, constitEti onal- gyarantêes such as "equal protection" and "ddê process" became a reality'for American prisoners. Prison inmates

immediately responded by jamming the courts with
petitions articulating neariy every grievance lmaginable. One prisoner, in California Mgn's Colony at
San Luis Obispo, complained about having been
served strawberry shortcake three times in one week.
He arþued that he had been sent to prison to be
punished and he did not feel that the frequency of

such t'luxurious desserts" wás conducive to punishment. Not many petitions, of course, are this frivolous
(or psychotic) but many prisoners have filed meaningless petitions and have thereby alienated many an
otherwise sympathetic judge. Numerous iudges have
been outright hostile to iailhouse lawyers. One federal
judge has said:
The tndtviduat referred to os jatlþouse low.yer is

"seldom o true frìend of the court"He ls lnfrequently
motivoted by a sense.of morollty or iustice. Rather, he
is oll too often motìvoted by egoorlented consldera-

tlons, He has all the time in the world.to study court
decìslons ond he hos stature ln the prisoq¡ communlty,
One such indlvidual submits to my court more peti:

tionq affidavits, and motìons thon the combined love

tettirs exchonjed between Robert ònd Etlzobeth
Browning,
A skeletal outline of the essential legal avenues
open to prisoners appears here. And they are avenues
largely opened by' prisoners who initially prepared the
first petitions in their casesi At first glance it may ap'
pear that the federal coúits are very receptive to
þrisoner complaints. Unfortunately, perusal of the de
cisions reveal that many were handed down in the
federal districts of NY State. The Attica Prison riot
publicized deplorable conditions and it is usually this
kind of tragedy that hãs to occur before the courts
feel compelled to intervene
Another cause for alarm to reformisti.is the fact
that the current United States Supreme Court, under
Chief Justice Warren Burger, is determined to upset
many of the lower federal courts' proprisoner rulings.
ln late June 'l974,the Court rendered two decisions
impairing the rights of all prisoners. The Court ruled
that prisoners had no right to an attorney at institu-,
t¡onal discipline hearings and no right to croseexam'
ine witnesses against them. The Court also ruled that
representatives of the news media had no right to conduct personal intervièws with prisoners.
{( *

tl. ,ß

¡1.

Sam lrving Hoffman is the most accomplished selftaught ¡ailhouse lawyer I know. With a good many
Watergate attorneys now languishing in jails, there is
an abundance of professional attorneys behind bars.
But Sam entered prison ten years ago with ¡o more .
than a ninth grade education and his knowledge of
law has been painfully acquired, Prison officials have
gone to ,the ext¡'eme of arranging shock treatments
and medications such as thorazine ahd prolixiri in êF ¿.
effort to curb and sap his
;
I met Sam in California's Soledad Prison in 19$7. ;
The same prison in which George Jackson emerged into national fame as the prototype of prison revolutionaries.
Sam's cell adjoined mine and we often spent long
hours discussing his battles with officials, the courts,
and the various cases he was wot king on. A good many
inmates came to Sam for help, but'he was more.in'
terested in class action suits that would benefit
thousands of prisoners simultaneously rather tþan a
single individual:
Salm's.fame th rou gh out the Cal ¡fornia,pri gon sy*
tem was launched when he defended an inmate ac'
cused ôf escape from prison. The inmate þad been is'
sued a 72-hour pass from the prison and Califortäa
law provided that faÎlure to return from such a pass
within the prescribed time constituted escape and
was punishable by a term of six months to five years
in prison. The inm4te was picked up tvvo months after his pass, returned to prison, charged. He pleaded
not guilty. The court granted his request that Sam be
permitted to defend him.
Sam subpoenaed me to court as.a character witness
and I had an opportunity to observe him ín the courtroom. The state's first witness was the prison'guard
who worked on the front gate the day thè inmate
went out on his pass. Sam's whole case was built on
his contention that the,state relinquished custody
when they señt a man out of prison without supervision. Sam attacked the witness and sought to show-...
the absurdity of the state's case.
"Mr. Belasco," Sam began, "you are a guard at the
Soledad State Prison, is that correct?"
"Yes, I am. That's right. Been there some twelve
,

The legal basis for thb Court's ruling is The -lJntted
Stotes Code, Title 42, Section 1983. lt has become
known as a {'1983 writ'l arnong jailhouse lawyers and
it may be used by prisoners to seek restrãining orders,.
declaratory judgements, or monétary awards for
physical or mental damages. Sectlotl 1983 cannot be
used by prisoners to contest the conviction for'which
he is confined. He çan only employ it to challenge

petitioner. On the day of his dqath, thbusands of
people picketed the prison, the governor,received a
barrage of calls and telegrams urgine him to spare
Chessman's life, and US embassiðs iñ Europ" werc

I

ri

Then in 1964 the United States Supreme C,ourt
confirmed in Cooper v. Pote that a state prisoner
could sue state piison offiiials in federal court Úithout
first exhaustin Eony state remedies. The bias of state
judges was eliminated and iailhouse'lawyers received
the news much like the Democrats when they first

I'

'

years."
"Were you on duty at thefront gate when the t
defendant was passed through?"

"l

was, yes."
"Was he wearing prison-issued dress or civilian

clothes?"

;;w;li, let's see, now. He was wearing slacks and a
sport's shirL And carrying ? sport jacket. You know,
just reg'lar casual street clothès.".'- '..
"And do you know, sir, where the defendant got
those clothes?"
"From the prison tailor shop. All inmates get
cfothes when they go home or go out on pass."
"l see. Now then, how did the defendant leave the

,

grounds? "
"ln a taxicab."

"Would you repeat that, please?"
"A taxicab. He left in a Yellow Cab."

"And is there a regular taxi.stand at the prison?"
"No. You haveta call one to come out from Salinas."
"Wh-o.actually called the cab to come to the prison?"
"¡ did."
"You called the taxi?"
"Yes, I did."

wiN
wrN

15

't

]L

i
I

I

l
i1

I

"Now, so the jury and rÍryself understand correctly,
Mr. Belasco, the prison provided clothes for the
defendant, he then walked out the front gate with
your permission and got into a taxicab that you
called for him. And this was done in your official
capacity as prison'guard, is that correct?"
"That's ¡ust the way it happened, alright."
"Mr. Belasco, how on earth do you have the
audacity to come into this courtroom and accuse
the defendant of escape when thé prison provided
clothes for him and you yourself called a cab for.him?
Seem5 to me you're guilty of aiding and abetting a
felony."
The iury tittered and the D.A. iumped to his feet
obiecting to Sam's saicasm and his "harassing" of
the witness. He asked the court to admonish Sam for
his "attempt at theatrics" and the judge lightly
reprimanded Sam. Sam beamed at the jury.
The next day, after the jury returned a verdict of
"not guilty," I walked the yard with Sam and I was
aware of his quiet sense of self-satisfaction. He was
never very gregarious and, being from Nebraska, he
had the aloofness midwesterners are supposed to have.
All day, in the yard, mess hall, and cellblocks, he
modestly acknowledged the adulation of the cons:
Nice goin', counselor!
Mon, you ready for the bor!
Screw Follon! We got the greot mouthpiece right
here!

q

à

Hey, Som, whattya charge me to beat this little ol'
dope beef I got?
Sam enioys the challenge of the seemingly impossible.
He began a suit, for example, to permit ex-cons to sit
on iuries when the defendant happens to be an ex-con.
It is Sam's belief that the Constitution provides for a
defendant to be tried by "a jury of his peers." As
juries are composed of individuals with no previous
criminal record and are invariably drawn from middleand upper-class America, Sam contends that such
people are hardly the peers of a poor man with a
criminal record. Sam points out that "peer" is defined
in çhe dictionary as one belonging to the sarne rank
and ability.
Another of his suits would strike down the law requiring people who cause an accident to leave their
name and address at the scene.
Sam believes this law, in effect in most states, vio
lates the Fifth Amendment right to protect oneself
against self-incrimination. Forcing a man to leave his
nãme at the scene of an accident is certainly, says
Sam, self-incrimination.
The last time I saw Sam, he had still a third suit in

the works.

"Nick, if l win thÌs case my name will dwarf
Miranda's."
"What are you doing Sam, taking Sirhan's case?"
"You have to be kidding, friend. There isn't a judge
in the country with balls enough to writ him out. Noi

I'm seeking a judgement to make it illegal for any
iudge to ímpose a sentence of more than two years on
anyone convicted of a nonviolent crime and who is a
first-ofender. How does that grab you?"
"Figure you have action, Sam?"
"Oh, hell, I expect US District Court to throw it
out. And the US Court of Appeals will chuck it too.
Bur I think the US Supreme Court may be forced to
uphold it. lf Warren añd his justices'were still there,
wouldn't have any doubt. But this Burger guy that
Nixon appointed, he's try¡ng to pUsh everything to
the right of the middle. Hell, they already modified

Miranda so much they might as well iust go ahead and

Susan, I hear you. And I profoundly assent. We differ
only in our vision of where it is that danger lies.
lf I understand you, you fear (as Ti-Grace Atkinson does) that the feminist declaration of independence from men weakens the left. You fear that the
government could exploit our anger at meR to destroy
the left (especially the underground), and with it all
chance for revolution. I fear that many men on the
left and some women, because fernÌnists have made ,o
the most radical analysis of all, and this analysis ex- .
poses the fact that even men who struggle bravely ;
against'certoin forms of oppression have, in their
own turn, been oppressors-it exposes the imperfection of men the left has named heroes (they refnain
heroes, I would add, but they can be seen now as
flawed)-/ fear that many men and s'ome women find
this exposure so painful that, consciously or uncon'
sciously, they want to see the feminist movement.
destroyed,* and will act in ways that sabotage it. I also happen to believe that the feminist movement-if it
can remain true to its inspiration-is the only real hope

reverse the whole thing."

"What's your argument, Sam?"
"That most sentences are cruel and unusual punishment because they are far in excess of what the nature
of most crimes warrant. The Eighth Amendment, you
know, forbids cruel and unusual punishment. lt all
boils down to my ability to convince the court that
giving a nineteen-year-old kid fìfteen years for a house
burglary is cruel punishment."
Sam Hoffman is not an especially introspective person, but I think hels sensitive enough to appreciate
the subjective significance of his studies. For the first
time in his life he is involved in a project of-for
Sam-utopian proportions. The law is his sanctuary,
his refuge, his very reason for being. Þle has discovered
something of enduring substance and self-sustaining
strength. Thç recognition he receives convincçs him
he is functioning at his highest possible pitch of performance. He needs the law no less than Thoreau
needed the woods or Picasso his paints.
The'spirit of Caryl Chessman endures and prevails.
The following is a listing of the important preprisoder
decisions won in the federal courts since 1964.
1. Unrestricted access to the courts, including the
right to help from jailhouse lawyers.
(Johnsonv. Avery,399 US 483, 1969)

2, The right to prepare and fle legal pàpers withou"t
official interference. There will be no censoring, confis
cating, or delaying of a prisoner's legal papers.
(Dewitt t). Poí|, 366 F. 2d 682, 685, 9th Cir., 1966)
(Sígalus v. Brown, 41.6 F. 2d 105, L07 7th Cir. 1969)
3. There will be no attempt to punish a prisoner or to
¡etaliate against him for taking legal action against

offcials.

&
prison
(Landmanv. Royster,333 F. Supp. 621,656 Va. 1971)
(Vølvanov. McGrath,325 F. Supp.408, EDNY l97l)

4. The right to possess political literature of any kind.
(Fortune Society v. McGinnìs,319 F. Supp.,

SDNY r970)

901, . t

5. Free expression ofpolitical beliefs,
(Sobell v. Reed, 327 , F. Supp. 1924 SDNY 197 1)
6, The Right to corespond with representatives of
the press and news media and have personal inte¡views.
(Nolønv. Fttzpatrícþ 451, F. 2d 545 lst Cir. l97l)
7. No censorship of oùtgoing mail,
(Carothersv. Follette,314 F. Supp. 1014 SDNY 1970)
8, Freedom ofreligious activity
(Walker v, Blackwell, 411 F. 2d, 23 5th Cir. 1969)
9. No racial discrimination'or segregation.
(Iaclcson v. GodwìL 400 F. 2d 529 sth Cir. 1968)
10. Notice of, charges and right to a fair hearing before
disciplinary punishmont or administrative segregaiion.
(B¡tndy v, Cannon,328 F. Supp. 165 Md. 1971)
I l. No punishment disproportionate to the ofrense,
(atright v. McMánn, 460 F. 2d 126 2d Cir. 1972)
12. No physical bnrtality by prison staff.
(Jaclçonv. Bishop,4O4F.2d 571 8th Ci¡. 1%8)
13. Decent conditions in solitary confinement.
(Jordanu,. Fitzharris,25T F. Supp. 674 ND CAL 1966)
14. The right to competent medical care.

On the

t.

Subiect of
Trust

.

(tN REPLY TO SUSAN SHERMAN)

BARBARA DEMING

:

tha-fwe have for a revolution that is profound enough

Dear Susan-

You and I do not really differ about the need to
make moral choices,lthe need to decide which actions we think right and which wrong. Didn't I challenge an action you were taking-even though this was
painful, because you are a person I particularly love?
When I agree with the,ancient ádvice that we should
not "iudge" others, I mean simply that if we think a
person has taken a wrong action, we should try to
counter that action, but not put the person herself
from.us, throw her out of the human race.
Yôu and I obviously differ in our sense of what it
is that Jane Alpert has done. You think that hei Letter
from Underground offers women ",a rationale for be' trayal." I read it as a call foi independence, not betrayal. Many men, I'm afraid, including many men on
the left, still hear any woman's call for independence
from them as a call for their destruction. The very fact
that thev make this cónfusion illuminaqps how utterly
they have taken our slavery to theril for'granted..'
ln The Crisis in Feminism you didn't name Jàne Alpert an informer, but it's clear froqr your letter to me
now that you believe she has informed on people in
the underground. lf you believe this, l. understand
your anger and your alarm. I do not believe it of her. I
think it is possible (though unproven) that Ehe has unwittingly given information to the government. (l
think it possible that Abbie Hoffman has done the
same in his recent TV interview.) But when Alpert
declares that she has given no infprmation she
thought could be useful, I take her at her wofd.x And
I believe that all one can ask of a person is that she
act according to her own best vision of what is right,
and her own best vision of what she is able to do.
It is clear to me that your letter is wiitten in anguish. You are saying: "We live in danger. The revolution is in danger. Life is serious. What we do has
get other people killed."
-consequences. People can
I should add that I don't recommend to anyone that

she

ay

I think Alpert did, that one can answe'r government
questions selectively and be in control of the situation,
sume, as

(Tolbertv. Eyman,434 F. Supp. 2d626 9th Cir. 1970)

I

15. Rights of prisoners in city and county jails to
decent living conditions, no censorship of correspondence, limits on solitary conûnement.
(Davisv. Líndsay,321 F. Supp. 1134 SDNY 1970)
(Brennemanv. Madigan,343 F. Supp. 128 ND Cal 1972)

Eqrboro Deming's open letter "To Fear Jane Alpert ts
to Feor OusSves" oppeared in the Moy 22 WtN. Susan
Shermon's response appéared last week. Borbora's current book r's Wé Cannot Live Without Our Lives.

to free

us all.

About one thing we do agree: the.government is
trying to play the male left and ihe.feminist mðVement off against each other. And look at one example
of how ithaß succeeded. When Jane Alpert surfaced
and turned herself in, the FBI declared to us that she
was "cooperating fully." Alpert herself declared that
she was giving no information that she thought could
hurt anyone, but a lot of people chose to believe the

FBI's description of her. (l can't help feeling that
some men on the left, in spite of themselves, must
have welcomed that description. What she had said
about them was not easy to hear, and if she were discredited, no need to take her charges seriously.) So a
lot of people chose to believe the FBI's description of
Alpert as totally cooperative. Then Pat Swinton was
captured, and those who believed the FBI of course'
believed now that Alpert had betrayed Pat Swinton;
One of those who chose to believe it was Swinton's
lawyer. He made the statement publicly thaqthe two
women had spent a period of time together while underground. The government then revealed that Alpert
had denied ever seeing Swinton while underground. lt
revealed this as it moved. to call her up for further
questioning. Which could result in further tirhe in jail
for her. So Swinton's lawyer ended up giving the
gorernment information that Alpert had denied them.
I have seen no proof yet that Alpert informed on anyone. But it is obvious enough that she herselfhasbeen
informed upon. Not intenqionally. But as a result of .
government manipulation of oúr dis.trust of one
ánother.
You fear betrayal. There are sure to be a few who
will betray us. And there are precautíons against be.
rrayal that all of us should certainly learn. But I fear
much more than I fear a few traitors the corrosive ef*They certainly want to see Jane Alpert destroyed. I am
afraid that those who have named her an "enemy of the
people" have quite literally placed her life,in jeopardy. Alpert recklessly named one hero, Sam Melville, an oppressor
even after he had been murdered by the state. The painful
truth is ha¡dest of all to þear about a hero,who has been
martyred. When Alpert decla¡ed that shè would mourn him,
and his mu¡deied comrades, no longer, ídolize them no
longer is how I hea¡d her, But she hardly chose her wo¡ds
at that moment wisely. Who among us does when long re.
pressed anger finally surfaces in us? Yes, Jane Alpert is imperfect, too. Eveþ one of us is.
(Contlnued on page 2l)

16 WIN

WIN 17

C

Sample lætûer
Mr. Robert

h

A
N

I

5

¿if ,i,äi:f{i;:::!(í{{,:K,,i:

Ë;ääî

S.

quest tor all files and
documents

Younc

d.ocuments on May's pol.itical
aóuvtttes are on filehas claimed three
- But the agency
exemptaons
under the Freedom of ln_
"

i;r"i'åi¡""

Dear Mr. Young:

Under the provisions of 5 USC 552, the þreedom of Information
Act, I request acces_s.to and copies of alt files and documenti
ma¡ntained by the CIA relating to myself.
The material I seek inctudes, but is not limited to. dosshrs. c¡¡d
fìles. microÍilm f¡tes, microfiche fites, and all comñi;;¡;.ã ã;i;

and references maintained.or utitized by the CIA'. fn¡irc-quisì
also encompasses any photographs and lingerprint fìles w'hich

you may have.

you-rule_that portions of these'fites are

..reasonabty

segregable"
.I .request .copies of the remaining materid anå
reselae my right to appeal any such deletions. 'Íf ¿el"t¡ons
a.u
made. please cite the statutory justification for oach deleted
item.

lf

.

wLrtch pertain to him.
Basçd on the
1{1n.y'r own acknowléagémènt, six

coord inaror
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505

If

'

,i,TT--qr]"n Act-,, narion.a;; ;iù;,;
'tnvasion
of
.p.er-sonal priv acy,, of
gtl.err, and ,,information as'to in_
telltgenc€ sources and methods.,,

ACLU sujt chaileng€sîe
^. Ittqj!terprerarion
of thJexemptions
9_lf :
as be¡ng overly broad and an
abuse of
the Act. lf this interpretation is al__to stand, the ACLU says, it
.lowed
"provi.des nothing but a shield fãr
noncornpliance with citizens' requests for
'
information.'t
_l-ñS

¡ne appropriate appeals prrrcedures.

In order-to.faóil¡gt€ this re-ques!, I am submitting my fult name,
d¡te ¡nd place of birth, and Social Security Accôinl iVumUer. -'

nren¡r-ø to pay a reasonabte fec for the reproduction of

this material.

As required by 5 USC 552, I expect to hear from you with¡n
l0
workingdays.

EGYPT OUSTS ABIE'S
PEAÇE SHtP

\

"The Egyptian Navy has escorted the
lsraeli peace crusader, Abie Nat?¡an¡
and his Peace Ship out of Egyptian
sampre retter ror requestns f¡res and documents under the

'

of tnformation Act. -Couñterspy/LNs.

Freedom

,
açr! v.{

su

Es'

q{i$illl{itrfîiffi'

FUSING TO PROV
MENTS UNDER T}
OF INFORMATIOI\

i'*1ïlï],,
over-

ln late Febru ary 197S,Cirngress
rode a Presidèntial veto and passed a
series of amendments designed
strengthen the'1966 Freedom and

to

and

vide¿ccess to indiviäuaisiï-les
dossiers collected Uy
agencies, and whetheiueãniiu, such
rhe clA wiil be able ro ãoniinr"
concear rr,om ure puúilË;j; improper
activities witn regår¿ io iniei

iãurrr-"nt

waters, secJriry

Jmti¡ir"i,íi;J;t,"

,,Ih_"y

said he apparently sailed for
lsrael late yesterday. Mr. Nathan had

¡üi;¡pñti'ii-iÍä:'iîfl';
of Cinädiãn, Australian, French and
German nationals wanted to sail the

as }'nuiiä:;r:;;iåïililil":;;îi i,
lnto
;;;;; of'peace.,,, _Jim peck
formation Act. since rhen, rhousands
of Americans hav.e requested federar
;..-¡;;nl"i, p"iirv-riæers, reporrs inro domesric and roreign ,.i'ï::19'" ll ï-tgoD cosrs
and memorandums that the various
May is_a law srudenrii iñå'Ëãäpl"', BLAMED ON USöÃ pOLlCy
government agencies produce-and college of Law of tne
Nit¡ona¡.r-iwyeis ,,starvation around the
world, millions
often like to keep hidden.
Guillin Los Rneerei. À;;;; h¡t ' - ,;;üäî sramps,
and Americans ear.
The trouble is, those agencies are
political activíties, *rrirrt ïorh"¿ tl.,"
l"'.;d"ö.iJ càr food are inexorabtv
still dragging their feet, particularly basis of a clA filei wàrã'r'õi'o trip
to rriut"ätä'ä goVernmenr
poricv deci_
the CIA and the FBl. ln mid-June, the Cuba as part of the Venceiemos_.
sion tó år¡urt unilaterally
Amêrican civil Liberties union (ACLU) Brigade.'nu1, wui ãrro u"ii"Ëi" -cr
on ,free
' gariizing i;3oürñ
;Ëir:î;iärcurrurar commodiries.,,
announced rhâr ir w¡lt go rocourr on
- Maylxhaustà¿ õ"i"ii,"ît
. "r- declares,iaå., n¡, pierce, executive
behalf of a Los Angetes residen!
ãü ãäministrat¡v" ap- ñäiji åi'i,.,"
Narionat Sharecroppers
Stephen May, whose requesr for his
peat cÉannets to eaiñ u..àii to t1.,. -Ë;;ä;ry;;;porr
reteased une 30,
ctA fite was denied by the agency. documenrs, an¿ i'he
'röii
"'""
nõLüirìtîil
J

18 WtN

"the
will
he ..
.
food
,

to halt the rise in food costs for the
the independent farmer
consurner, pierce sets forth a program
soon be past and the benefirs
ot ier¡ruiirrul
iåir*"rf.r,
brings to the nation will disappear."
piotit"tiont, and rurar deveropment.
The dominarion of Americân
- ir.r.i" ctranlei aré ;;rirãniüito
1.," ,"producrion and distribution^ by verricar- j;u;;;;io;
åi,"rã¡ ÃrËiicäan¿ to trr"
ly integrated corporations gives rise
'*étrrr. of our whole societv ,,
not onlv to the probtems of worrd-wide Tfie repori i;
il',dbË};ä,n tr,'.
the price
Narionat 5h"recroppers Fund, 2128
l::,ct?,gy3ltrr lgpr
il
the disasrrous
ComÊnonweâlrh Ave., Chartoite, NC
cltne lj
in l__"-i:,.
tamily ild
tarms. Far too many ofn 1 2g2Oí
"
the nation's two million farmworkärs

lî::

irf-r,

of
det{ --.

PRISON NOTES

Despite the medieval policies whiçþ '
liarie prevãiled in the Oklahoma Peñitentiary at McAlester, those close to
the scene are corivinced that meaningful changes are in sight and they put
part of their hope in the forthcoming
choice of.a new Director gf Corre.ctions for the state. lf grounds for optimism exist it,is because of the courage and determination of the prisoners
themselves some of whom have been
working with Project HOPE (Help Our
Prisoners Exist). The Projectb effective.
ness as an independent force can be
surmised from the recent attempts of
Warden Richard Crisp to persuade the
Catholic Church, which has funded
HOPIr, to get its executive. director,
Jim Goodridge, to'f tone down', the
organizationts activities. ln a letter, the
warden alleged that Goodridge's pub,
lic statements appear "to represent
nothing more than the antics of a
frustrated ex-convict, retal iating blind,

ly atthe institution

he perceiveã as
responsible for his incarceration."

The long struggle of the prisoners at

McAlesÉer and other prisons, is well

'documented in the publication Thè
Sun Fighter, available from Austin
Pearlman, Box 22199, Seattle, Wash:
ington 98126. The Sun Fgh.ter is free
to all Prisoners.

Prime Minister lndira Gandhi in lndia.
Though sþotlighting rhe case of
J.P. Narayan, lndla's leading þâcfist,
the picket signs in New York urged
freedom for all those arrested. Leaflets drew an ironic parallel between
the present arrests, ordered by lndira
Gandhi and the British government's
1942 mass arrests-which included,
among other spokespersons for independence, lndira Gandhi, herself.

-Jim

,|

overdue rgfo¡m of the 45_year.
^L,ong
otd
recteral parole iystem is emb'odied
. in a bill which has now passed the
''!House
and been sent to the Senate.
Among the changes included in the
bill are limiting the power of the
parole board, spelling out the rights of
prisoners to present their case for
parole, and making federal prisoners
eli$ble for parole after serving a third
ofa sentence or afterten years, whichever comes first. lf this measure passes
and is properly administered it will
substantially improve the federal
parole procedure.
Shotgun type disorderly. conduct
statutes were struck a heavy blow vúhen

court upheld a lower
court decision declaring Virginia's dis-

,a US appeals

orderly conduct law unconstitutional.
The decision involved a'1972 protest

of Stephen Ç. Squire whose arrest
resulted from his waving an anti-war
placard at a University õf Virgínìa
ROTC review. The lower court noted
that the statute failed to define disorderly condgct and allowed poliie
and law enfoicement officials to impos-9 their own standards which might

inhibit the exercise of free speech. Íhe
Fourth Circuit Court of Apóeals agreed

*

^Peck

with the lower court thåt'the law vio
lates thQ lst and 'l 4th amendments to
the constitution.

particular signíficance.

Sincerely yoursr

.

PÍerie, means that
::rol1g.to
oay oT

ln .late spring Amnesty lnternational
published a list of 2Siwomen polítlcal
prisoners in 25 different countlies,
most of whom have been adopted'as
Prisoners of Conscience Uy ni.'An
introducrion published wiïn tt¡e iist
stated that "many have not been
charged or tried., Some have been
tortured. . .The fact that they are
women is relevant in that it makes
them especially vulnera6le to torture
and maltreatment and gives the
separation from childreî and family a

th¡s r€quest is denied in whole, or in part, please advise me of

!.y

.-Ih" repor! The Çondition of Farm- sufler incredible poverty. tt is ironic,
PICKETS IN 3 CITIES
Y!$,e, ond Smqtl Farmers in 1974 stati:s Píerce, that "those who harveít
PROTEST INDIAN ARRESTS
the
Depar[ment
of Agri- the crops for rhe best-fed country in
iill.9J.,t..:
for the wôdd continue to be under-jroAt the Air lndia offices in New York
::l ift'l bias_toward-agribusiness
of over 23,000 American ,. tected, under-educated, and und'er-fed." and Philadelphia and in Los Arfgeles,
Il..*o-.1¡::
pasr year, The unchectied To remedy the ineqúitiei visired
WRL pickets marched on June 17 to i
:IT:.J" thecorporare
agricultur.e,.ac- upon.the farmer and fårmworker, and protest theþass arrests ordered
by
f::Tigl
.

{

q,

Prisoners at Vanialia Correctional
Center in lllinois recently took part ín
a 40:hour hunger strike, characterized,
according to the warden, by a complete
lack of .hostility, with 300 prisoners
lifting weiþhts and playing games in
the prison yard.iThe news media
emphasized the grievance about the
rule which requires prisoners to tuck
in their shirttails, though some stories
mentioned other issues such as the
quality of food and the request for
movies. The first response of the
prison offcials was to transfer 37 men
they considered the leaders of the

I

,

strike, to other institutions.
Anyone interesred in juries and their
role in what is euphemistically called
the criminal justice system will find
the March issue of Soci¿l Action and
the Low an excellent source. lt is the

newsletter of the Center for Responsive
Psychology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 1 1210 and can be oþ
tained from them.

The latest issue pf the Pedcemakerlüsts
eight war resistersllemaining in prisory
including Andrew Davis who, after
three years of Canadian exíle, returned
to the United States to apply.for
clemency. Davis missed the deadline
by ten days, was turned down, arrested,
and sent to the Federal House of
Detention in New York City. The list
also includes Steve Marsden, nowserv.
ing a one year sentence in Sandstone
after his probation for nonregistration
was revoked because of his war tax
resistancè, With so small a humber of
resisters in prison, it is more important
than evei that they get visible support
and that government officials beéóme
aware of that support.
-Larry Gara
.

WIN 19

íl

S

',"'l.l
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.:'

VIETNAMESE FOLK POETRY
Translated by John Balaban / Unicorn

Ba Hai clasped her hands in

(Box 3307,
Greensboro, NC27402) I 47 pp, $8cloth, $4paper

grenadet,

-

AMERICA'S RENTED TROOPS: SOUTH
KOREANS IN VIETNAM

aspp.soú

Then ihrough the region roored the flomes of war, . . ..,
And yet who knows? ln the workings of fote,
,''at dead of darkest nlght the daY.n returls; , t,',
-Nguyen Du, The Tole of Kleu

c.

e

'

'

'

,1i..:.

A gipat myth of history tells us that ancient Greece was the
bírìh of the "western world"-Troy the dead end of Asia,
the.defeated "de6adent" east. Generations of Europeans
and then Americans gathered their first stirring imaginings
of empire from the accounts of the "Troian war" left by
the GÏeek poets. Whatever the Troian poets thought was
buried with their burned bones and plowed and salted city.
Like Agamemnoh and his brothers, Americans sailed
across a wide sea and stormed ashore (at China Beach,
D4 Nang in 1965) for a ten year war, with an array ofreluctant or biçkering allies-strung in clusters of tents up
and down the shore. A familiar undertaking in Asia-from
Homer to Hiroshima (salted city of our own father's war). by centuries of all-conciuering "western" armies.
In Vietnam, at last the Troians won.
Perhaps now we can change our history and our myths.
The crude American joke about "paving Vietnam over
(like a parking lot)" can end. The poets in this war were on
the other side.
The bett of Linh Mu Pagodo tolls . . , ,
probing, reminding one of debt,
washing one clean of worldly dust.
crosses to the Western Londs,
For over a thousand years the "illiterate" peasants of
Vietnam perfected the¡r poetry in folk songs, or as they
called them, "free songs." lntruders of all kinds came-and
went-without suspecting the presence, let alone the
strength and spirit of these farmers' songs.
Añ Americân poet and conscientious objector (that is,
one living in the new history of the antiwar, anti-empire
movement), John Balaban, recorded some 500 co dao
("free songs") in south Vietnam a few years ago. Three
dozen of these folk poems have been translated and pub'
lished in a handsome hand'made edition by Unicorn Pressa "work community" that many years ago introduced
Americans to the antiwar poetry of Nhat Hanh, one of the
lotus voices of the nonviolent Buddhist struggle movement.
But like the poems'of Troy, all these cries of lif*for
life-were smothered under the screams of war and mon-

A boat

,
'

strous death.

Thei iassed out cokes and condles to the children, Thèn
wÍth moi:hine guns and grenade launchiers they kllled them

all,,..
N

.

I sow therh separate out a group of womeh and leod
them aside. )4)hen the women began to see whot was golng
to happent they closped their hands and be(¡ged for mercl. . ,
but the Koreons shot them'onywoy,
The witnesses, the massacre suryivors quoted are rura!
Vietnamese interviewed-village by village through parts of
four provinces from May through August 1972-by two
AFSC workers (Diane and Michael Jones). Their report is
part two of Anlerico's Rented Troops: South Koreons in
Vletnam, These were our government's rented allies, three
hundred thousand mercenaries hired as an Amerícan foreign
legion to help keep our Asian empire intact. The Korean
corps"
assigned
was
long
stretches
of
the
"expeditionary
coastal plain, south of My Lai; as was rumored. for years,
and documented here, our "allies" (tite us) fought most of
thei[ part of the war ón women and'childrén.
"They never really went out and fought the Viet Cong
but just killed the peasant people and the livestoc( which
they called 'VC,"' one village'officia{ said, 4000 civilians in
his village of 15,000 he estimated were killed-half by bomb-

Frank Baldwin and Diine & Michael f ones / American
Friends Service Committee (160 N. 15 St., Phila., Pa"
1e102) |
I

'

front of her and bowed

slightly. All the people who did that were killed; either shot
'ln front of their houses or ordered inside ond kÌlled with

Press

,

ings, half by bullets.
Perhaps the ultimate insult by

"o.ur" Koreans was their
cultural contempt for Vietnamese, fellow Asian villagers.
". . .ROK units bulldozed flat this.entire section of Duy,
Xuyen district. Several kilometers tô the east Koreen bôll-

dozers buried under several fee.t of sand rice fields that were
dug from the coastal sand dunes hundreds of years ago."
There was an eloquence, a steel-edged lance of irony, at
. the center. of the anguish anil outrage of the victims of the
"Vietnam war" that indeed in the end was a triumphant
, weapon. A monk in Quang Nam proviqce "told us that before 1965 there were over fifty pagodas in the district. There
are only five left. We asked who was responsible for their
destruction. 'The'Viet Cong don't have bombers and 6ull-

dozers,' he said."
All that is over now-the mad flailings of the American
military machine. Even the "Trojan horse" filled with secret
soldiers left for two years after the Paris "peace treaty" has
been defeated. For the moment. ln the first part of Amerlca's Rented Troops, Frank Baldwin presents the statistical
recgrd of our Korean mercenary army in lndochina. ("The
Pentagon estimåted the costs at $5,000 per ROK soldier
compared to $13,000 per American. The DOD thus reg'arded
the South Koreans as.a'bargain'."
The most telling paragraph, perhaps, of Baldwin's report
is the following (from the 1970 Symington subcommittee
hearings final report): "The extraordinary payment of
special allowances to, the Korean, Thai and Filipino forces
th4t were sent to Vietnam-particularly the manner in
whieh the allowances were hidden from the American peo
ple. . .hidden, not only from the American'people but even
from Congress; told the foreign governments concerned
what they çould expect from our Government in its dtìaling
with its own people. . ."

maY
the
still

A thousa¡¿ years from now, Vietnamese far¡ners
Lawyer: ls whot you ore saying, sir, that human llfe is not
very well st¡ll bé singing "free songs" from the time of
os important os ttíe sõéuriîy of the prison?
Guord: Yes i¡n
"American war." Whitñer America or Americans will
be here then is another
Next there is a shorter section examining the "polítical
He: ln-the long river, the frsh swim
thought" of George Jackson, not quite ó sat¡siactory since
lf truty wed, o man and womon con wolt o th.oumnd years. it is tiying to box-thé unboxãble, to make order out
i
She: lVho ten1s the paddy, repoirs,its
Jackson's still-unsettled ideologioal iumble, an enterprise
l4)hoever has true love will mee,t, Bu.t toke iare o-f
thát ends as it must by acknowledging the confusions and
. -lan Barry .on¡radictions in the jackson booËs. --Finally there is a,rtate.
ment from the Red Prison Movemént, quite hard and ffonest,
but somewhat saddening to read today, now that the RPM
has withered in its prison support work in Boston and its
stalwarts have moved on to other kinds of movément work, ,
COMRADE GEORGE
,i
leaving prison work, though still active at many places
An lnvestigation lnto the Life, Political Thought, and
around ihe country, much the poorer.
*
Assassination of George f ackon / Eric Mann
There's no way for the Outsider to know the world as
Harper & Row ori$inal paperback I 204 pp. $1.95
the lnsider does; but if there is to be c'ommunication betwéen the two, if the lnsider is nolto be forgotten and the
This is a book which, more than it know$ is aböut bravery.
Outsider not to be indifferent, there must be books, valuThe bravery, first and foremost, of George Jackson imable books, like this
prisoned for so long yet unbroken and unbending "making
-Kirkpatrick Sale
time work for him," reading writing growing stronger and
wiser, sQnding out an image through hi5 own prison and,
ON THE SUBJECT OF TRUST (Cqnt¡nued from page t7)
eventually in books, through practically every prison in the
fect of expecting betrayal-by those wño differ wlih
country, an image of strength in the face of adversity,
perseverance in the face of cruelty, revolution in the face of
us. lt is n_otonly that it allows us so easily to be
played offagainst each other by the state. I think that
oppression. The bravery of those now-mostly-forgottÊn
prisonbrs, largely blac( whose strength andlor desperation
the revolution we have to make can onlv be made if
we learn (and keep learninghow to learn) to offer one
sparked the'prison revolts of the early 1970's, at Soledad,
greater and greater trust. The world we want,
San Quentin, Attica, and dozens of other penitentiaries
?nglhgr
across the l4nd, many of whom were murdered, others
l.think you'd agree, is one in which nobody simply
tempered to strength, in the process. The bravery of those
does tJre bidding of another, each one of ui is free-to
individuals and groups on thé outside who saw the revolumake life choices that are her own-free, you have
tionary aspects of the prison struggle and who worked in
beautifully put it, to sign her own name to the
various ways to support them, including the considerable
choices she makes. To build such a world, donft we
efforts of the Red Prison Movement in Boston, under whose
have, each one of us, to learn to dare to úse our own
auspices this book was first published. And thé bravery,
pyes, dare to act upon what we ourselves think that
finally, of the author, who was himself in prison, grew
we know? And can we ever learn to dare this unless
stronger there, survived to care and to write a book helping.
we commid ou¡selves, in growing numbers, to reassure
others to care, a book which dares to admit his cont¡'adicone another that we con be our own persons-withouttions and problems and defeats and is nbt,oashamed to be
being "judged" as we struggle to be just that, without
explicitly dedicated to a "people's revolutionary movebeing cast out?
ment.t'
I think there has been the beginning growth of just
No one would want to accuse Eric Mann of being a
such a commitment to one another among women, lf
polished writer, though there are plenty of affecting pas.
it is still specifically among women, it is bécause men
sages and skillful scenes throughout. The book is a kind of
do still panic at the thought of women becoming thgir
patchwork, changing moods and styles and perspectives in
í'
own selves rather than the second selves of men. The
a strictly workmanlike fashion as it stitches to'gether a
movement of women learning to dare to be our own
prison scene here¡ a hortatory lesson there, quotations
selves threatens the patriarchãl state-threatens to disfroln George Jackson overhere, and prison documents, ínsolve_it. (For it is built upon our passivity.) But it does
terviews; narratives., analyses in between
not thre^aten any women or man who is dtruggling for
It beg¡ns with a short introduction from the author,
true selflrood. I don't mean tþat we will notiñ spiteof
touching on his development in the Movement and his imourselves as we struggle-even withiñ the women's
prisonment for assault charges stemming from a Weathermovement-again and again make life diffcult for one
man demonstration at the Kennedy lnstitqte at Harvard in
another. (As you and I in fact are doing now.) None
"1969.|t moves then to 4 long section telliñg with useful deof us begin as free spirits and it is only as we become
t¿il and clarity the prison life of George Jackson, the likely
mpre 1n{ more fl.eé that we will learn to see clearly
state conspiracy that murdered him at Sán Queniin in 19i1, enough the real needs of.others and our own real
and the insanity bred into the entire prison iystem, top to
needs. I agree and agree with you that we are not
bottþm, revealed best for me by this'exchanle in a courtchanging fast enough. lt remains a fact-painful but a
room between a lawyer and a San Ouentin euard:
fact'ihat we can only change as fast as rive can. We '
Lawjter: Now let.me see if I understona thË futty, Are you
cannot be frightened into revolutionary chanse. Or
so/¡.ng that if a mon tooh twenty wonón and'
abashed into it by thoughts of others whom ñe asand ln yoùr iudoment lt would sume to be more heroic than,we are. We have ta dore
. chìldran 0s hostoges,
be necessqry to p¡tt'ott tieríi w;mr';';rd chitdren
to change. So don't we above all have to learn how to
to prevent thot escope, that you would do so?
extend trust to one another-even when we differ with
Guard: Yes sir, I'would be under oiders to,
one another? Don't we above all have Ío learn how we
.can engourage one another to dare to be
Lowyer: And you would corry out those orders?
our own
Guard: Yes sir, I would,
.deepest selves?

guess'

offwithouto.troce,

dikes

bf

time.

.

/

one.

'

-9v

,WIN

2T

r,r

OPPORTUNITIES

PEOPLES
BULLEIIN
BOARD
FREE IF NO EXCHANG€,
OF tt INVOLVED AND

oNLY

20 WOROS.

QTHEBWISE S2 ÊVERY

¡o woRDs

PUBLICATIONS

MISC.

WIN Ståff Opening

Work wlth UFW on summer EOYCOTT of
grapes & lettuce ln NY Met. area¡ rooml
board & S5/w€ek. Conta'ct Leo'or Mary
Jean Nleto, UFW/AFL-C|O, 331 W. 84th St.,
NYC, 212-799-5800. (Atso cheap usôd cars

ness activities-fund raising, promotion, etc. Preferably someone with
experience either in publishing or
in movement fund raising. lnterest
in writing reporting photography
or artwork a plus. Country liv¡ng.

needed. )

WRL Plalns/Mldwest office neêds new re'glonal coordlnator. Communlty organlzlng'
outreach speaklng, oflïce skilts. $2oolmonth
beginn¡ng 8/1. Sênd resume: 3950 Rainbow
Blvd., Kansas Clty, KS 66103.

TITO M. TAYLOR, PO Box 1000, LFC,
Lewlsburg, Pa, 17837;
RAYMOND JOHN WHtTE, Box rOö0,

telling us something about yourself.

'¡

HELP!

St., NY, NY lOO11. (Full year $f 2,50,
student $7.5O.)

your la3t hamburger a cause of world
famine? Thlnk about ¡t.-And wh¡le you're
thinklng, send for the free GoodBoox CataWas

log, whlch has this slogan on ma¡ling labels
'along wlth a whole lot more. Wrlte Box
437-W, Boston, Ma. 02l02.

Women's and other polltical records. Wlllle
Tyson, Meg Ohrlstian, The Human condlt¡on, Vlctor Jara and others. We're an anticapliallst, collectlvely run storê. Bread ahd
Roses Communlty Muslc Centbr, 1724 20th
Street NW, Dupont Clrclo, Columbia (DC)
20009.

NONCOMPETITIVE GAMES foT ChiICITEN
and adults. Play together not against each.
other. Free catalog; Famlly Pastimes,

q.

c

Badt?

j.:

'.

For lnformatlon on the Now Hampshlre
World Fellowshlp Center Summêr Sóason
Semlnars: Box 156. Kerhonkson. NY
L2446 (9i4-626-7974l or conway, NH
03818 (603;447-22AOl.
A TWO DAY WALK to call for nuclear
dlsarmement and çommemoratlon of

9 & lO ln Los Angelos. lnterest€d locals or
våcatlonlng agltators should contact the
Los.An gel€s Cathollc Workor commun¡ty,
605 N. Cummlngs, LA, cA 9oo33. (213)
264-.A144.

songs, consclentlous objector statêments.
Please s€nd.to Mark Kramrisch, 55 Camber-

well Church Strs€t, London SE5.

Today, ".lndian Nations. in
Brazil arä.being subidüted to the
same genocidal processés as ln-,
dian Nations in Canada and the
United States. "DeveloPment" is
killing these peoples and uProot'
ing fhem from their ancient

lor

Jr¡stice

Farrnworkers.
Boycott
Gallo wincs.

NYC SIMPLE LIVING-nonvlolent, egalitarlan, social changê community sèeks addltlonal actlvists. Cluster, c/o Kendrlck,
14/È34 Village Road, Jama¡ca, NY 11435,

ïl'

full tlme muslc stuclent neêds
reel-to-reel tapg recorder to h€ìp lmpr'ov€ ¿is
a muslclan. Wrlte to Wllllam W. Foster,
Mlssourl Statê Ponltontiary, Box 90Or Jefferson Clty, MO 65101 for detalls,
Prlsoner and

fands and ways of life.

"Supysaua

U¡ltcd F¡ln Wollc¡r

NEAFSC: oneweêk cónference-"A Nonvlolent Soclety..;lts Bêglnnlngs and lts
Possibll¡tles," 8125-gll ät Camp lndianbrook, Plymouth Union, Vermont. Wrlte
NOVA, AFSC, 48 lnman Street, Cambrldge,
MA 02139. (617-86¿t3150)

82 SO. HARRISON STREET
EAST ORANGE, N. J. O/OI'

NEW lfvlpRovFD
SUBSCRI PTION

ot Ànicdc¡ (AFL.G!O)
P.O. Box 62
Kèene, Cc¡. 93531

Þov r,11,' Bif'Un.Ny

FORM
Nrma

ò
CN

cf)

O*
É.

lm
J

RACr.$Ilt

FOR

ûorking on mental prücntis

-

DEar SietersPlease'send me a subscriptfon for one fesrr
I am enclosfng S4.5CI and any extra change I
might have at the moment .to help wlth po'stage and oÈher costs. If for any'roason lrm
not, entlrely satisfied with the ALBATR0SS'
I know what l.-can do with f t.
Love¡
Neqtness doesnft count but

OROAIIIZII{G

. . . a manual for challenglng the
prof lt.orlented hea lth lndustry
._. . descrlbes.hundisds of groups

J\ì--l

it

helps

à lott

JJr

çr,ilT

,

#

Join the long march

Read the
one year

¡

A DocumentarY

'
-

Tho Ggrldhn nowweotly
provlder I cleu llfirrd¡t
Ipnlnl¡t rndyrtr of lnpcrhl.
lrntr pollücrl r¡d ccononlc
cälol, wonentr rElgglcr, fho
dso of thç tbftd world, thc
¡loopletc rnovGnGtrt

¡t

hono

rad rbrord, r¡d no¡c. lt d¡o
fe¡tu¡e¡ rppcld pottücr¡ cot.
uninr, cultunl ¡nd bool re.
vlewl, on.the.rpot covcngc
fron Ctlnt Pot'hgd, Souf.h.
olet Adr, rnd rround úho U.S.
Ily u¡ for t wcpl¡, rcnd only

is happening to Brazilian lndiqns
today, and how we can help stop

it.
"supysaua"

-

the tupi word

for l'truth" - êontain$ â report
from Bishops and anthropolo'
E¡sts, and a chart of foreign aid
and investment in the Brazilian
Amazon.

Copies of this 64-page book'
let are available Írom lndígèna

,',"

for $1.50 each, plus 25d postage.

1

t

al¡o av¡llablc:
Sourcc l: Communlcatlons, I l6
$.r 7s
Sourco ll: Housing,264pp. 92.95

D.C.20009

T5
rq

rights, occupational health, wo.
men's health, communlty con
trolled çlinics, and muclr more
r . . rsv¡6ws books, fllms, ctc.,
usgful for ¡duc¡tlon and organlz¡ng. 256 pp. 95.95

Sourcc, P.O. Box 21066, Wash.,

sr u

f

]lEÂLT]l CARE

a

,

.
souRcE lll

-

Report,on the Conditions of ln'
dian Peoples in Brazil" tells what

i

ffi

Pc9plos

çÍara h¡lN3

Bo¡ssevain, Manltoba, canada R0KOEO.

L.)

bl¡tdtan

ANÏI.WAR ANTHOLOGY. Wanted poems.
EVENTS

Hiroshima/Nagasakl wlll take piace August

PRODUCTS

hm t¡¡tg

Send r€sume to: Fellowsh¡p of Reconciliation, Box 271, Nyack, NY ¡0960
Tel.¡ (914) 358-4601.

(35488),,Stellacoom, Wash. 98388¡ DONALD TUCKER, PO Box 787, No.
l4o4o7, Lucasv¡ile, ohio 45648;
ALVIN MCKINLEY, No. 19312-149,.PO
Box IOOO, Leavenworth, Kan.66048,

write Box 547, Rifton, NY 12471

READ THE GUAROIAN_newsweekly

glves MARXIST viewpolnt on national and '
international news. Speclal 8-weêk trlal sub.,
$1.00. GUAROIAN, Dept. Wl, 33 Wèst 17th

ine youth program focuses on m¡lltarism ln educðtlon. counter'recrultment'
amnesty and nonvlolence. Posltion re'.
quires publ¡c speak¡n9, group work and
willlnqneSs to travel part time. Commltment to pacifism and social change
through actlve nonvlolence, a must.

Lonely prisoners needing pen pals;

.

Book of cARTooNS, €xc€rpts of V¡etnam
war. Students, Teðchers, Artlsts¡ forêstall a
reoccufenc€, $3.00. Eddle Mase, Judsonla,
Ark. 72bBl.

Þbàcs ancl lust¡ce concerns. Presently

o1040.

Movement wages. Many intangible
benefits. Phone (914) 339-4585 or

New Midwèst reseafch insiltute seôks unselflsh, soclal ly-consclous, non-careetlst,
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or ralse funds. Sêml-scholarly studles on
war.peace r€convérslon, etc. READ Gtoss
and Osterman ',The New Prof€sslonals" pp.
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Doyot¡

STAFF OPENINGT DIRECTOR OF
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or

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ENA: A documentat¡on

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