Win Magazine Volume 9 Number 29

ocToBER 4,
THE
MADAME

,S

19731

20j

MOVEMENT AND THE ECOLOGY

H:

ONE OF SAIGON'S

POLITICAL

PRISON
ROTC

¡NTO tHE,HJAH,sCttOoÊ$

1

PEACE AND

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,

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ofthe late President Salvadore Allende who persist in resisting the military. The
general added that the military war code
lowers

provides "the most severe penalties'l and if.
necessary they would be applied "without

fear."
We urge all those committed to social justice to protest in every way possible the actions of the military junta in Chile and
further to call fo¡ no American intervention
in Chile and no support or recognition of

the military

regime.

MARTIN BLATT
PAULA RAYMAN
Somerville, Mass',

Carol Cohen McEldowney was killed in an
auto accident two weeks ago, she and Todd .
Gittin were the people who "opened up" the
movement for me and let me feel and understand what a revolution in and toward love
could mean, and how I coqldjoin in that- .
even though I was a lot older, a lot more
frozen, and a lot more conservative than the
people who created SDS,
The images I have of Carol are her phone
call to me on July 5, 1963, to tell me she
had just left jail from an integration sit-in,

and-what blew my mind open-wou'ld I,
a straight historian, want to come be arrested
on the next try; Carol taking her shoes off, '

Mass meetlng

of Allende support€rs, ¡n Tonneco, Chlle,

Ted Pollenbaum/LNS

LETTERS
Danny Schechter of \ilBCN News tepotted Wednesday evening, September 19, the
following information from Asian News Service: EL MERCURIO, one of the three newspapers

àlloweï to print by the military junta

in Chile and the leading representatives of
rightwing opinion, carried a letter to the editor prominently printed on its editorial page
which blamed a Jewish Communist conspiracy for recent events in Chile and urged the
hanging of Jews from lampposts.
The ¡hilita¡y regime is probably testing
this idea with the public to see if it will
catch hold before adopting it as ofñcial

ing to the recommendation of United States
recognition of the military regime in Chile.
We condemn the scapegoâting of Jews, a
tactic common to fascist dictatorships. This
form of anti-semitism is simply one aspect
of the military regime's overall policy of
supressing all dissent and ending the demo
cratic process in Chile, Thousands of people have been arrested, tortured, and murdered, Every newspaperbut LA TERCERA,
EL MERCURIO, and LA PRENSA has been

forced to cease publication. (Only these

three of Santiago's fourteen newspapers have
been allowed to resume publication since
the coup.)
This type of suppression ref'lects the
Jews were well represented in the Popukind of tactics that are being utilized by relar Unity government of the late President
actionary governments against people strugAllende and held many official positions. If
gling for liberation in such count¡ies as Vietanti-semitism becomes institutionalized in
nam, South Africa, Greece, Angola, and
Chile, the military dictatorships in Uruguay
Mozambique.
and Br¿zil may vely well adopt similar poliAn Associated Press story in the BOSTON
cies. Also, there is a right-wing regime in
GLOBE of September 20, I 97 3, quoted
Argentina, where over half a million Jews
General Ugarte, Junta President and Çomreside.
The House Sub-Committee on Inter-Amer' mander-in-Chief of the Army, as saying that
he might decla¡e "internal war" against fol'
ic¿n Affairs has begun deliberations pertain-

policy.

t

racing across a stream behind Gryynn Oak
Park to actually enter in a bl¿ck-and-white
group instead of crossing a ritualistic police
line, and then putting her shoes back on and
racing off into the park while I came puffing
behind, shoes in hand because I didn't have
time to stop; Carol, my secretary, teaching
me gently but firmly not to put he¡ in the
box of the secretarial role; Carol in a miserable house in Cleveland where she doggedly
worked as organizer-friend of welfare mothels,
long after thã whole movement was sayinq
it was useless; Carol running down Wyomidg
Avenue for the sheer joy of it until she fell
and scraped off a huge patch of skin and
flesh. . ln short, I feel as if Carol gave birth to a
sizeable piece of the person I am now. When
I tried to think what would be an adequate
"Kaddish" in her memory, what came out
was the song inspired by the Wobbly women:
"Give us bread, but give us roses."
-ARTHUR WASKOW
Washington,,DC

In your Sept 13 issue, referring to the letter
of defense of Abbie Hoffman: Many brothers
and sisters doubt the sincerity of Abbie's
past actions in the movement, along with
others such as Rennie Davis who dropped
from the movement to recruit followers for
the Divine Light Mission. Actions such as
these make'brothers and sisters who want
to be sincere within the movement, wonder
where these type of peoples are coming from.
Unfortunatly I have to oppose your letter
requesting aiil for Abbie, although I will admit Abbie did bring some new strenth to
the spirits of many through his speeches,
and did in fact cover many good points, But
if the alleged charges are valid, and Abbie is
convicted, then he has gone and violated the
whole meaning of the movement. He has
also placed himself in the most vulnerable

position a brother of his status could plaôe
himself: hê'll receive distrust and contempt
from Comrades, and the enemy has him
right where they have been trying to put him
over many years. He has gotten the youth
movement into motion; he has preached tlie
hardships to Brothers and Sisters abôut
drugs; and has urged them to go out and get
themselves'politically hip. Now he has turned around, contradicted his own self, got .
busted dealing coke, and now the man sits
baok and laughs at all of us, s4ying "Here is
your youth movement founder pushing Coke."
But this is only minor compared to how
many beautiful brothe¡'s and sisterls minds
he has messed up with the shit,
What with all the contradictions we who
are struggling for liberation endure today, the
petty internal hassles, of different párties, a

Itiæd an attorney to'assist in the case without
my knowing it until we appeared in court.
Nor has she given me an accounting of De
fenle Fun{s spent on the case although she
has been asked fo¡ it several times in the
last three months. She refused to sign checks
made out to her for the defense fund stating
tðtdo sô would effect her income tax report.
Allchecks were to be deposited in the fund,
not.he¡ account. Some of the checks were
dated in'early June. It was not until August
I'received them from her,
The appeal brief has been filed in the
U.S. Court of Appeals. for the fifth Circuit
in New Orleäns. rrVe are asking for an
acquittal or a new trial, IfI am denied an

acquittal-and possibly will be-or if I am

açquitted I yill need no more money and
suih funds as remain in the Defense Account
will be turned ove¡. for other War Tax resis.
tbr$ some of whom have children to support,

revisionist sham C.P. and many other thatJ'
won't go into because its pretty discouraging,
I say, no, let Abbie sleep in his own bed. He's
made it himself; he is quite aware of the consequences. Abbie is a big boy now, Why
should the movementobe concerned when
there are more imporiânt issúes to be considered, such as forming a n¿tional front and
putting a stop to the petty bickering and in'
ternal hassleS. Abbie has become the enemy,
the enemy poisons the minds of good
brothers and sisters; and Abbie ivas doing
the same even to the e4tent of exploiting
those he so-called fopght for. I don't mean
to say let .{bbie go to prison, o¡ do I wish to

a new t¡ial I will need
funds for my defense.
The vast majoi{ty of thpse who.have..con
t¡ibutôd in the-past couliLiil afford to do so,
If I had not been fi¡ed f¡om my job as registered nurse at the Mound Bayou Community

If I am þnted

¡'

Hospital I could haie paid for my own tléfense, or most of it. The hospital has never
given me a reason other than my "employment" was terminated in the best interests of
the institution". TVo lawyers I consulted
informgd me I have no recourse through law
since a hospital,can fire anyone without -.

feason.

Abbie in prison, but I lionestly feel that
to find his own way home, with little
or.no help from the movement;,for his ac
tions have proven to be undesewing of it.
-BOB REAGAN
N,H, State Prison
see

MEN U
Oct.4,1973

Vol. lX, Number 29

Women's Liberation, Ecology &

Revolution. .....,...4

Social

Rqsemory Rodford,Ruether
Mme. Thanh, a Political Prisoner...... 8
Ann Morrissett Davidon

ROTC Reaches High School.
lilarren Lieb'¿tld
Changes, :

. n.

q..

11

.

'

Reviews.

,

-.'

11¡

...

{3

:

'¡

-MARTHATRXïåït^IJ

he has

I would like to cor¡ect two errors, one
mine, the other-youn, in my article "The
IRS and Politicsi'which aþpeared in the
September 20 issud of WIN. First, it was
White House intellþnce chief John Caul.'
This is to inform you of the status of
ûeld (who once düected the White House
situation since my conviction for tax refusal
plumbers'activities), rather than John Dean
on May 4 [See WIN, May 311
who tried to block the tax audits of Billy
Ms, Maureen Malone, attorney-at'law, riõ
' Graham and John Wayne. In neithe¡ case
longer represents me and has been replaced
did Caulûeld succeed in his efforts to coerce
by Mr. John Egnal ofPhiladelphia, PA' for
the IRS into dropping the audits, You¡ erseveral reasons. It appears she mishandled
'
ror ¡elates to the spelling of my last name:
the conduct of mycase from the beginning'
it is Smalz rather than Amalz (an S instead
She ¡efuses to give me a copy of the LWee'
MICHAEL ROBERT SMALZ
ment I signed under conditions of such haste- of an
we had to get papers nota¡ized and be in
. 'Minneapolis, MN
court 42 miles away within a two hour per..A.thousand apologies for our grevióúsrnisiod-I had no time to read it. The verbal ''
--wIN'',
agreement was for $1,500 plus costs'. Shè

my

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A).

STAFF
matis cakârs. dd¡tor
susan cakari, staff
marty jezer, ect¡tor¡at ass¡stant
'
nancy ¡ohnson. staff

julie

maðs, design

mary mayo, sübscr¡pt¡ons
briân wester, composition.

'

i

.

spg,þg.

Driving through.the forest after dark

lånce belv¡lle + diana dåvies .+ ruth dèâr J ralph
d¡9¡ã + paul ênc¡mer + chuck fager +

seth foldy
j¡m lorest + mike frãnich * leãtr frit¿
* tarry
g?r.a + neil hðworth + becky,johnson + paut
'l¡Oßlnson,.-+- a,llison kårpel + craig kårpet + c¡ndy
kent + peter kiger + alex knopp I iohn kypg¡
dorothy lane + robin tarsen + e[ibt l¡n¿er
jackson mðclow + david mcreynolds
+ mark
morris + i¡m peck + iudy penhiter..l.,¡9¿¡
roodenko + mike stamqt + marthð thomåsès

box
DriVinfthrough the forest after dark
I thought cil you, your eyee
turnd into a pair of oncóming headlights
try¡ng to knock me off the road.
Just in iime, I pulled off to the side
and
be

lit

a cigarette, realizing you must

in ltaly by now.
-Stephen C, Bett

547 rifton

new york
telephone 914 339-45E5

.

12471

wlN 13 Þubtlsh€d wGekty cxc.pt fof th. lir¡t
two wack¡ ¡n Jðnuary. znd wdak ln Mayr lå¡t 4
ïalk¡ ln Augurt, rnd thc last waak in Octobar
by tha WIN Publlsh¡n9 EmÞirc wlth th.3u9porl

of tha War Raitstar¡ La¡¡gua. SuÞscrlgtloñs tra
t7.OO Þar yarr. S.cond cl.¡¡ po¡trg. at Naw
York, N.Y. ¡OOOI. lndlvldu.l wrllat¡ ata rù
¡pon¡lÞla lor oplnion3 oxprci¡ad ¡nd accutacy
ol fact3 givan. SoTry-mðnu¡crlpts c¡nnot bc
fatuTncd unlat¡ accomattnlacl by a ¡all-ad.
àro¡¡cd ¡t¡mpsd cny.loÞa. Pr¡ntGd' in U.5.4.
WlN3

I

Of all forms of basic human qPpf9.?{.ol,!þ9
oooresslon of women generallú fails to take
ci¡f¡cat form in the tholrght of white or black

R
L1DE

mâ¡e radicals. :

1L

and economic sphere of tiió. *ot"n are confiIed to
the private sector to service this need. They become
not'only the mother and child nurturer, but also the
ideal friend and the sexual playmate tdcomppnsate

ç
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SOCIAL REVOLUTION
lndustriol Society ond the Subjugotion

of lilomen

With the technological revolution the realization of
infinite demand in the form of infinite progress became concrete for the first time.. Rapid industrialization went hand in hand with the creation of the bourgeois leisured woman. lndustrialization initially put
many poor women into the factory, using them at exploitative wages far below those of men. At this stage
industry needed all available human hands. But at
the same time, industrialization rapidly began to alienate all productive functions from the home. The
home, once an intrinsic part of the productive system
of society, where the ordinary tools and goods of life
were produced, lost all these productive functions progressively. At the same time, male work; once taking
place in shops in or near the home, become increasingly alienated from the home place. Women, more and
more, lost their own productive work, as well as their
integration with male work, that wàs once situated in
the home. The home was refashioned from a producer
to a consumer unit in society. lt became the sphere
of reproduction and of emotional compensation for
the alienation of work. A new type of family and a
new definition of women's role, which had never before existed in so limited a fsrm came into being with
bourgeois society. Women lost the productive work
that had still been theirs in earlier societies. They
were confined exclusively to the sphere of reproduction, and confined to a home which had no functions
4 WtN

except private inter-personalism, child nurture (witþ a
newly extended definition of chíldhood), and tÀe ?
housekceping functions that free up the male for the
industrial work day.
The confining of women to a home defìned as the
spherei of 'love', child nurture and housekeeping, forced them ¡nto new underdevelopment, in contradiction
to their growing quest for education. Their career
became. children. Today an ecologically sound population policy would reduce reproduction to two children per couple, with many couples hav-ing only. one
child in order to reduce population to safer levels.,
Yet at the same time women, enjoying an increasing
life expectancy, are asked to build their entire lives
and identities around the nurture of one or two children

!

Victorian society attempted to pacify the contradiction between a growing woman's consciousness and
the depleted functions , of the home by an idealization
of domesticity. This took place under the traditional
Christian psychology of sexual repression. By the
turn of the century the contradiction between intensified domesticity and sexual repression become so violent that the underside of Victorian society exploded
in the Freudian revolution. At first regarded as a threat
to the family, the sexual revolution was soon integrated into the psychology of the bourgeois family as an
integral part of its maintenance. The eroticization of
the private sector of life is stimulated in capitalistic
soc¡ety to compensate for and pacify the alienation of
work and the loss of control over the public political

where power is exercised in the world and their,decision io confine themselves to the home or to seek
careers only in those auxiliary functions which extend
the work oi the home without challenging the antihuman values of the public realm.
The kind of economic and ideological patterns
that destroy nature are integratly related to those which
oppiess.and .subj ugate women'

ed rapidly. Woman becomes both the chief buyer
ãn¿ ih" sôxúal image through which the appetites of
ããntrtpt¡on are stJmulated to buy the products of
ãonrutä, society. Woman becomes a selfalienated
'beautiful obiect' used to sell herself to herseJf' She
exists to be seen and used by others. The bourgeois
home becomes a voracious mouth whose appetites are
stimulated by every sensual image to devoul'the pro-

LNS

BY ROSEMARY RADFORD RUETHER

for worktime alienation.
This eroticization of the family also stimulates its
function as the prime consumer unit in an economic
svstem built on increasing consumption of products,
óost of which glut the appetites, but do not serve
basic needs; whlch are designed to decay an-{ be replac'

t

''

'?
.**

ducts of the consumer economy. .This is the economic
pattern that is rapidly destroying the earth...
The split between çonsumer home and alienated
work also corrèsponds in bgurgeois'culture to the split
'between niorality and rationalit!. This idea-was unwittingly exþiessed in Reinhold.Niebuhr's Moral Mon
ond t mmoro!'society' Morality becomes essentially
private. Morality is regarded as appro.priate only to
(e¡e m pl ifi ed by
i ndivi d ua I perso n'te-.person relations
marriage). ln the public realm such 'morality' isrunrealistii'. llere the limits of iustice are found in the
balancing of the clash of competit.ive egos. Women are
predomiñently the symbol of the private sphere, and
so become the symbql of Morality. Womèn become
Moral, and men 'rational' in a way that. is gmptied of
morality. Morality becomes privatized, sentime¡t4lillfeminine'. This sentim.-entalized,
. ed and ídentjfied as
privatized morality has no place inthe"'real world' of
ðompetitive, male technological rationality.
This domestication of morality also. bec4ryre the
new ideology by which bourgeois society.sought to
forbid womãn from leaving the Home and entering
the public world of men. This is now argued to be no
degiadation of woman, but rather a regognition of

Reiéct'aoørgeo¡s Reformist Ecologl

hei'superior' moral naiure, which existlin intrinsic
relatioñship to her role 'in the ilome'. To step down
from this fedestal to enter the 'dirty' world,of business

and politiðs would only lower woman's nature 119-prevent her from reigning and 'influencing the world' from

B-y. the samg token, this
emptying of the public realm of humanistic values gen'
erally mikes careers in politics, business and technology
uncongenial to most women. Their education is concentrated on 'humanities', and they are typically under'
educated in technological and scientific skills' This
reenforces their aversion to the most critical areas

her true sphere in the Home.

i

The ideology which splits private morality from public
business witÍ try to put the burden of ecological morality first on the private sector. But these solutions
can'only be tokenism, since ecological immorality belongs eslentially to the present patterns of production
und"ronsumption. The home is only its victim and
tàol, and not the originator of these patterns. According to this line, women will be pressed to become the
rrif-f'"lp ecologists in bandaid remedies which only increase their dissipation of energies in trivia, but can
only have the most token effects on the ecological im'
balances.

Ecological morality aimed at the home must inev'

wlN

5

appear. An androgynous personality could flower that
was free to actuali-ze the whole range of human psychic
. potential. The basic community of adults could be
hetero- or homosexual; could consist of couples or
group marriages; people who have children and people
who don't, adults or adults and children. Thê com' i
munalized living unit would mean the radical reduc'

'

tion of present ieduplication of home equipment and

'
\'ft

.

housing.
b) The'cor.nmunalized family would greatly reduce
the present child-bearing pattern, while still making
possible atountiful community of children. This sat'
isfies an adult need to nurture children and children's
need to have a larger commurlity of siblings to diffusef
' the present over-intense parental and sibling relations'
Some twelve adults might have between them six or
eight chilclren, making a larger community of children
to grow up together, while reducing reproduction to
one or 1.5 children per couple, return¡ng population
levels rapidly to a density which the earth could better

support.
: ì c) The community of adults would shift housekeeping
and domestic tasks off the isolated woman of the nu'
clear family. lt might create.more open patterns of
inter-personalism than the present nucleai'family in
which two adults are expecte.d to nourish each other's
entire sexual and interpersonal needs for a lifetime.
d) There would be'a return to the production patterns
oÎ the workshop. This would reunite work and family.
Most of the basic tools of daily life would be made on a'
a craf.tshoþ'basis. This would overcome wörk alienation
. in the pride of craftsmanship. Tools and goods would
have the beauty and durability of craftsmanship, rather
than being constructed for rapid obsofescence.
e) Reuniting home and work, agriculture and indusorganic rela.' try also would mean a reconstruction oftaken
out of
tions with nature, recyclingeverything
the environment and eliminating waste.
f) Each local unit would make the basic decisions
that affect its immediate social, political and economic
life. Direct participation in the immediate decisions
affecting one's life would overcome much of present
political alienation and powerlessness.
g) Erotic energies, instead of being dammed up in
obsessive introversion, could flow through every aspect of a person's total self-expression and relation'
:
itt¡p to ot'h"rs. Work and politics would also be a
plate of personal participation and inter-personal com'
munieation. Wo¡¡en, as much as men, would partici. pate in íhis total rvork and political life' The.overcoming of the split between public r,elationships and private
inierpers.gpalism also would abolish that segreg4tion

:which domeüibafes lvornén:

' ..' h),''ft;;;ì;;ú';;t
LNS
{,

,.

and skills would recover thèii ' "
social value. Art and culture would cease to be priva'
tized. Artsy-craftsy suburban culture would overcome i'
its alienation, since such activities could now become
a person's chief work. The appetite for transcendent,
aspiration could flower in the pursuit of the inner
m'eaning of life, rather than in competitive materialism.

to the position of women.
a) The family would be communalized. Many of the

goals of the sexual revolution could be realized in a
way that would clearly distinguish these goals 'from
the obsessive eroticization of private life that is the
sickness of bourgeois society. Without sex-role stereotyp¡ng, sex personality stereotyping could also dis'

Rosemory Rodford Ruether is the author of numerous
øoáks oi¿ ort¡cles, She currently is teoching at Harvard DivinitY School'

wlN

7

.support the prisons of South Metnam-urge the Saigon
government to release imprisoned children.'' The U.S.
Embassy refused to accept the letter. A letter to Nix'
on also went unanswered.
Through the Women's Association for the Right to
Live which Mme. Thanh founded, she helped provide
care and supplies for a large Budd'hist-¡:un orphanage.
ln 1971 it was raided by Thieu's police and the 2,700
children taken off in trucks to already overcrowded
government-controlled institutions. Soon after, Mme.
Thanh was arrested severàl times for peacefully protesting on behalf of nuns, villagers and students.
Three months before the presidential election she was
pulled from her car and held for a month, and on her
release she joined the protesting Deputies afthe National Assembly where she was arrested for the last

time.

Mme. Ngo Ba Thanh a few weeks b€fore her arrest.

BY ANN MORRISSETT DAVIDON

Mme.Thanh I
a political
pnsoner

The following is o profìle of one of the 200,0b0 political prisoners currently being held in Soigon's ioils.

hos become the focus of a worldwide
campoign to force the Soigon regime to release the
prisoners in accord with the Poris Peoce Treaty, As
we go to press there (rre reports the pressure is beginning to have some effect ond that o few prisoners,
Mme. Thanh among them, will be released shortly.

Mma Thanh

Mme. Ngo Ba Thanh has been fasting in u Saigon Ér¡s''t
on hospital since April, 1973. She is a pacifist lawyer
who, two months before the South Metnamese presidential election of 1971, joined hundreds of South
Metnamese, including prominent lawyers and deputies
of the National Assembly, at the Assembly building
to demonstrate against Thieu's expulsion of other
candidates in the presídential election. Police broke
up this demonstration, throwing tear gas. Mme. Thanh
was doused with this and carried to the police station
vomiîing and ill. Mme. Thanh's husband, who had '
been Director of Fisheries, was denied permission to
see her though she was vomiting blood. For three
days Mme. Thanh could not swallow, talk, or open
her eyes. She was heid in a prison hospital and not
brought to trial until March, 1972, at which time the
judge postponed trial until she was physically able.
September, 1973, marked the end of her second year

of imprisonment without trial.
Mme. Thanh had first been arrested in 1965 when
she signed a petition calling for peace' She was im'
prisoñed then for two years. After her release, she of-

ten helped peasant families visiting relatives in prison.
Once the riot police had tried to disperse the peasants
and Mme. Thanh led them to the steps of the National
Assembly where they sat in protest. This time she
was not arrested. ln 1970, Mme. Thanh tried to deliver a letter to Vice President Agnew on his visit to
Saigon. She pleaded that Americans-whose taxes

Mme. Thanh studied at the Universities of Paris,
Barcelona, and Columbia Law Schoú. She has recent'
ly been invited by Columbia Law School to visit as a
distinguished scholar. She has also been invited by
Bryn Mawr College, and has received citations from
several U.S. collegos. There was a news report early
in'1973 that she was to be released along with an imprisoned Deputy and a well known student leader, all
non-Communist, to the PRG (Provisional Revolution'
ary Goverhment), but to date this has not òccurred.
It was also reported that she had been re-classified as a
"common criminal", later as a "Commuñist" agent or
sympathizer. Thesd are the two categories'recognized

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i

by Thieu, who denies holding "political prisoneró". lf
prisoners cannot be made to disappear into "common
criminal" or "Communist" categories, they can disap'
pear into other voids: many have died in priso¡ from
torture, malnutrition, disease and other forms of mistreatment or neglect. Early in 1973 a Swedish report
stated that hundreds of bodies.ih prisoner paiamas
were seeñ floating near Con Sôn prison. The Saigon
governmeñt reported they had released,over 5,000
prisoners in February, but without any accounting.
The Saigon government admits to having only
about 21 ,000 "common law" prisonërs and about
5,000 "Communist criminals." lt claims that only
"Communist" agencies give out the figure of around

200,000 political prisoners. Yet Amnesty lnternational, which.has held impartiai concern for political prisoners in Communist and non-Communist countries,
estimates conservatively some 100,000, a¡d Thieu's
closest advisor, Hoang Duc Nha, last November told
Vietnamese publishers that just in the few"weeks before that 40,000 "Communist agents" had been ¿rrested. Other sources, adding local jails and detention centers which the Saigon government"omits, estimate up to 300,000. Whatever the exact figure, the
Thieu regime holds more political prisoners-ranging '
from pacifists and 'lneutralists" like Mme. Thanh and
numerous Buddhist leaders to students, peasants, and

Mmè. T.hanh

9eve.,r-al

'*xì..',. - ;

.

declared sympathizers with the PRG-than any other
U.S. taxpayers pay for their imprisonment. The 120,000-man Saigon police foice is paid
for by the U.S.. Most of the "interrogation centers"
where most of the torture occurs were.built by the
U.S. Thieu's police state would not be possible without the continuing support of U.S. taxpayers.

country. And

Ann Morrissett Dovidon is a writer
in Hoverford, Po,

onct

activist living
wtN 9

,8 WIN

,T-

T{(

graphically the danger,and sacrifice the United States
is willing to suffer on behalf of its policy of military
assistance in opposition to aggressive Communism."'
' And on national security: "At the conclusion of
this topic the cadet will know that Communistic influences are active in the United States and that young
people are a prime target."
Most programs are labelled as voluntary yet this
t'voluntarism" may often be illusory as students enter
the program as they enter the ninth grade, a time when
parents, administrators and "guidance counselors" are
making many of the student's decisions. lt seems that
it wouldn't be too improbable that as judges have often,gi.ven young defendants the choice beíween jail
and the Army, a principal or a parent might "convince"
a student to enlist in the program to "shape them,up."
Until recently, most of the J ROTC units were in
the South or Midwest but late this spring the New
York State Legislature and Governor Nelson Rockefeller passed into law a bill that allows local school boarlls
to institute voluntary J ROTC program if they wish to
do so. Although little mention of arms training was
made at that time, a New York Assemblyperson was
quoted as saying, "Military training without guns is '
like a picnic without marshmallows."
As the presence of J ROTC programs expands, a primary variable affecting its success will be money. At
the present time, it appears that the Pentagon usually;
pays 7 5% of the costs of a program and the.fact that
local taxpayers have to foot the rest may be enough

Buenos Aires, Argentina-the country
adjacent to Chile-where several thousand students marched. ln all of these
protests the role of the U.S. and the
CIA was emphasized, despite the hy-pocritical official American statements i
denying any role whatsogver-Jim Peck

u.s. ArD To cl-llLEAN çouP
An article by the Knight News Service
indicates that the United Stateí'Government was extremely influential in the
developmentof a militarY couP in ¡
Chile, even if U.S. agents did not take
a direct part in the actual fighting there.

:

Don Mochon

ROTC Reaches
Highschool
Despite pay raises, unemployment and a substantial
advertising campaign on college campuses as well as
the media, the Army is about 3O% under its recruitment quotas and many senior officials are worried.
One method that the military may choose to both develop potential recruits and rebuild its image is the expansion of the Junior ROTC program. J ROTC pro'
grams are currently operating in about 1200,sch_ools
in the U.S. and the Department of Defense (OoO) is
asking Congress for the authority to establish more.
The programs are usually four years in length, are given for credit and are open to both sexes.

The military planners, having doubtless taken a
correspondence course in Euphemism, don't generally
present their program as a course in militarism but as
instruction in "habits of orderliness", "respect for
authority" and the development of "personal honor,
self-rel iance, i ndividual discipl ine and leadershi p."
Likewise, drills become "leadership laboratories" and
refugees become "ambient non-combatant personnel"
Thus, through indoctrination, the difference between
murder and "protective reaction" becomes one of actions instead of simply words.
The Central Committee for Consciencious Objec-

iti
il

l

tors has been criticizing the high school ROTC, charging that it is an attempt "to glamorize the role of the
military. . . and to provide extremely shallow and
biased pictures of the social background to war."
The Committee for Conscientious Objectors cites
several paragraphs from the Junior ROTC Manual
which the committee finds as objectionable. For ex'
ample, on Vietnam: "The case of Vietnam illustrates

Reporter James McCartney states

that the U.S. role in the Chilean coup
involves the United Ståtes'eutting off
its credit and slashinf its trade with
Chile during the Allende years, while it
greatly increased its military aid during
that same period. ' '
According to McCartneY, here are
some of the offf'cial U.S. 4d figures to
Chile:
* Prior to Allende's election in 1970,
American development assistance aid
ranged anywhere from $25 million to
$80 million per year, averaging out at
nearly $60 million per year.
* After Allende was elected, this aid

'

to prevent establishment of ROTC programs in many
areas. The ird of property taxpayers may be enough
to discourage even the VFW and the American Legion,
those þerennial cheering squads for the military, from
advocating the institution of military courses. The
Government, however, could turn tail end begin to
offer grants to participating school districts, in which
case school board members are likely to be seen tr¡p- '
ping over each other in their rush to endorse a pro- ,.,
gram which will instill "Personal honor, self reliancef
etc." into their students.
Future government policies concerning J ROTC are
likely to depend upon whether or not the military
thinks the program is doing them any good. lf the
Pentagon isn't pleased with the program, they may
simply stop pushing it but if they think it's working,
they may start offering school districts money to start
J ROTC units. I think it would do us all a lot of good
if we began educating ourselves about this potential
threat and be ready to educate our neighbors if our
local school districts consider ioining the program.
-Warren Liebold
lilorren Liebold is a former droft counselor who has
worked on two Long Island olternative papers, the
Duck ond the Free Press.

LITERATURE AND ORGANIZATIONS ACTTVE IN
ANTI-JROTC WORK
JUNTOR ROTC PACKET.($l) available from Fellowshlp
ôf Fleconclliation. Box 27L Nyack, New York 10960.
.rn¡s
oacket includes Craiq Karpel's excellent article, "The
Teeniè M¡litarists", whlch-was originally published ¡n
RAMPARTS maga'zine in 1968.
COMBATING HIGH SCHOOL ROTC (lOç)- Centrql Committee for Conscientious Objectors, 2O16 Walnut St.'
Philacletphia, Pa. 19103.

THE GROWTH OF HIGH SCHOOL ROTC (251) from the
Nat¡onãl anterrellqlous Servlce Board for Conscient¡ous Ob'
iectots. 55o Waslilngton Buildlng, 15th and New York
nve. Ñ,w., Washingfon, D.C. 20005' Also avallable from

c.c.c.o.

,

I

,

i

I

was drastically curtailed: from an ave?of $60 million, U.S. aid to Chile
was chopped back to less than $8 mil-

age

lion, an 85% cutback,
x Prior to Allende, the United States
was providing approximately $800,000

ruo*"

a year to Chile's military.
* After Allende's election, this figure
jumped sharply, to $12 million a,lear,
An Allencle supþbrter prepares to sn¡pe at mil¡tary f orces. LNS.

ChAN

ES

"cHlLE, Sl!-JUNTA, NO!"
This was the main picket line slogan
shouted in front of the U.N. on the
opening day of the General Assembly,
September 1 8 by demonstrators de- .
nouncing the military junta's takeover
in Chile.
Like the picketing the previous day,

the big march from Union Square to

Times Square on Saturday afternoon,
the sad march on Tuesday evening,
the day of the power seizure and Allende's tragic death-and the demo at
ITT on September 4-the September
1 8 picketing was organized by the
Chile Solidarity Committee, an ad hoc
coalition group.

.

a 1 500% increase.

McCartney reports that the outcome of this U.S. policy was predictable: Chile experienced a badly floundering economy accompanied by a very
strong military establishment. A mili- .. .
tary coup against the w'eakened president was just a matter of time.
,. When the bombs finally hit the
pr:esidential palace on September 11th, '
they bore the label: '1Made in Ameri-

''At the time of the first demonstrafign, though môst of us wçr:e'awar;g.gf;'
-Zodiac
ilie íenuou"s politicalsituation in cïìlè;"'
little did we.real.izethäì onlj, a'week
later, the military coup wõuld take
ABBIE OUT ON BAIL
place and Allende's hopeful experiment
Former Yippie leader Abbie Hoffman
in coexistence would be snuffed out.
has been released from jail on bail.
That demonstration drew only about
Hoffman was released from a New
2p0 participants.
' There were more than double that York City jail after posting the required
number in the demonstration the even- $1 0,000 in cash; also released after
posting bail were three of his cb-de*ing of the takeover, èven though the
fendants, Carole Ramer, DiarÍne Petercommittee had only a few hours to
mobilize them. And in the march on
son, and Michael Drosman.
Hoffman and the three others were
Saturday, almost 1,000 participated.
Protest demonstrations took place
arrested last month in New York on
in a number of cities throughout the
charges of selling three pounds of coworld. Perhaps the biggest was in
caine to undercover policemen, The'
wtN 1l

:

.:

\
four could be given a prison sentence

and reckless endangerment in connec-'

of 1 5 years to life if convicted.

tion with a bomb that didn't go off at

Hoffman's defense comm¡ttee estimates that legal fees could run as high
as $100,000, [WlN; 9/1 3l73 "Letters"l
and is planning a series of benefit.concerls to help raise money. They plan

a GE building in February, 1970. HowAsserting that war could cause extincever, they found him guilty of possession of a bomb, an "explosive substance," tion of the human race, the 6th World
Through Law conference at Abidjan,
a blasting cap, and a pistol. He could
get up to 7 yeàrs in jail on those charges. lvory Coast, adopted a resolution that
the "Preamble to the United Nations
The jury had come back several
times and after 12 hours of deliberation charter be amended to provide for the
mandatory peaceful settlement of inannounced to Judge Arnold Fraiman
ternational disputes, with a view to the
that they were hopelessly deadlocked.
total elimination of war."
But he refused to rule the tr¡al a hung
jury and sent them back again. William
Among the 2500 judges and lawyers
from 123 countries attending the conKunstler, CaÈlos' defense attorney, said
ference were former Chief Justice Earl
he thought thal the jurors-split beWarren and Justice Thurgood Marshall
tween those who want to acquit
him on all charges and those who want- of the U.S.; Dr. Antti Hannikainen¡

to f le a number of legal challenges to
the arrest, including an argument that
New York's classification of cocaine
and heroin under the same statute

is

unconstitutional. Send money for

to Abbie Hoffman and friends
c/o Gerald Lefcourt, 640 Broadway,
defense

N.Y.10012.

-Zodiat:

chief justice of Finland, Dr. Milenko
Milic of Yugoslavia; Dr. Karrral Hussain,
foreign minister of Bangladesh; A.N.R.
mise" decision.
Robinson, a member of Parliamerft in
Kunstler said that he will move to
Trinidad-Tobago and Prof. Joao Baptishave the two convictions thrown out
re Billela of the Federal university of
on the grounds that they are inconsistent with the acquittals on the attempted Minas Gerais, Brazil.
-J.P.
arson and reckless endangerment charges.

BOYCOTTI NG
f you want to be sure, boycottall icef

berg lettuce andoll table grapes and
once again apply pressure on store
owners not to carry these foods until

the UFW holds the contracts once

to convict him on all charges- resolved the conflict with the "compro-

\

_LNS

to Boycott:

1. All Gallo wine, and wines under the
following labels (a simple rule of thumb
-if it's from Modesto, it's Gallo):

Paisano
Thunde¡bird
Carlo Rosi
Eden Roc
Red Mountain

Andre Champagne
Boone's Farm
Spanada

TV¡olia

Ripple

Tlþle lack

2:

Reviews

¿d

GUIDE TO BETTER

again.
Wines

woRLD J URTSTS VOTE
TO BAN WAR

All Franzia Bros. wine.

3. From White River Farms:

Red
Winemasters Guild
Roma
Familigia Cribari
J. Pierrot
l¿ Boheme
Cresta Blanca
Mendocino
Garett
Alta
C.V.C.
Virginia Dare
Lodi
Ocean Spray Rose
Tavola

Tres Grande

Cook's Imperial
Roma Reserve

Cribari Reserve
Jeanne

d'Arc

Ceremony'
Versailles
Saratoga

Guild Blue Ribbon
Saint Mark

Citation
Old San F¡ancisco
l¿ Mesa (Safeway's)
Vin Glogg

Wines you CAN drink:
lhlian Swiss Colony and any other

r'

wine produced by Heublein.
* Christian Bros., Paul Masson, Alma-

den.

-S.F. Bay Guardian

DEALERS GIVE $10 GRAND
TO TELETHON
The annual Jerry Lewis Telethon to
raise money for muscular dystrophy
research elicited $10 million this year,
but the strangest donation of all came
from Gainesville, Florida.
A group identifying itself only as

the "Gainesville Marijuana Dealers Association" donated $1 0,000 in cash to
the fund drive. The money was contributed in a plain paper sack crammed
full of old bills.
Police, after checking the bag out,
told the local telethon chairman that'
it was o.k. to accept the sackful of
bills since the money wasn't new and
there was no reason to believe that it
was

stolen.

-Zodiac

IMPORTANT REMINDER!
RE: AMNESTY RULING IN
CANADA
The Canadian Government has enacted

certain immigration laws of benefit to
American war resisters in Canada.
(WlN 8/2/73) Every exile who arrived
there by Nov. 30, l9T2irrespective of
how he came there or under what conr
ditions he stayed, will be able to apply to have his residence in Canada
.

legalized.

This not-to-be-repeated period.ends
Oct. 1 5, 1 973. Present centers ulhere

*

Halifax Committee to Aid War Immigrants, 167 Argyle, Halifax, Nova Scotia,

'' Toronto Anti-D¡al't l'rogramrne. llrz-,
jpadina, Toronto, Ontario (416)-92ù0241
* lVinnepcg Conrmittee to Aid Wai Objectors, 175 Colony St., Winncpeg, I\,lanitoba
(204)-7

7

4-9323.

* Montrcll

DRAFT BOARD
DEMONSTRATOR DEPORTED
As a consequence of his participation

in the Milwaukee 14 draft board ripoff
in September 1968, for which he did a
year in jail, Michael Cullen has been
deported to his native lreland on orders of the lmmigration & Naturaliza-

Council to Aid War Objcctors,
3625 AIyrner, IVlontrcal, Quebcc (5 14)-843-

3t32

x

Vancouvcr (lonl¡nittcc to Aid War Objcc
to¡s, Suitr-' 204, 144 Wcst Hastings, Vanqouver 9, Ilritish Colunrbia (604)-588-9656.
* Calgary Committcc on War Intmigrants,
Box 3234, Station I], (lalgary. Alberta
* Ottawa Cornnrittec, I2l Glenora, Apt. 3
Ottarva

DECtStON

Worker hostel in New York were held

On Septemb er 19, after deliberating
1 6 hours, a jury of nine men and three
women found Carlos Feliciano, the 44
year old Puerto Rican independista, innocent of charges of attempted arson

for him. ln Milwaukee, he had estab-

Aid Ccnters are also being established in the following areas: Edmonton,
Saskatchewan, Thunder l3ay, and the
Maritimes. Specific addresses and
phone numbers for these centers will
be available from the aid committees

lished a Catholic Worker hostel and
worked closely over the years with
Father Groppi's nonviolent black free-

listcd above or from the National Coun.
cil of Churches, Room 7 67 ,475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 100271

,UDGE REFUSES HUNG
JURY: FELICIANO FOUND
GUILTY IN "COMPROMISE''

tion Service.
Several sendoff parties in Milwaufinal one at the Catholic

kee and a

dom

campaigns.

-Jim

Peck

again.

more information can be obtained are:
902-429-6994.

(212\-870-21e2.

-Nf

The Women's Liberation Movement is not about
is about human fieedom, choice, honesty,
apple pie, and Mother. So it is ridiculous that in order
for women to be taken seriously about their work,
they must take the time from this work to piovç that ' :
i
they are as good or better as any man who wahti to
challenge them. Especially if this man is a purik like
' Riggs who is just out to make.money and publicity.
The media, especially 4.ts.C., overreacted,to thq.,
whole event with their usual graceless excesses. As lf'
Howard Cosell wasn't enough by himself, A.B.C.'fo1¡nd
it necessary to have another man and a woman commentator, so there would be constant bickering through- .
t
out the match. They also found it necessary to compare King's and Rigg's measurements, as if the relative
size of their chests or biceps mattered. Like the legendary and non-existent bra-burning in Atlantic City a
' -few years ago, the real issues were ignored and the
frivolity of the event was played up.
Probably the real issues had to be ignored. ls the
avepge American family ready to think about the prob.
.' leiñ of.thê woman athlete or about eqúal'pay for, equal
work during prime time? Can they stop and think why
it is so_important to Riggs to win? 'Will they qgtice
how often the words "aggressive"and 'ldominant"
were used to describe the game? Probably not. Probably the game will be the subject,of Bob Hope jokes
for six months, and the real issues never mentioned.
I resent it. I resent Riggs coming in and making a
joke out of the.work of so many women. He's making money:whíle he's makin! fools out of them. He
can't lose, really, because if he loses the game he can
say he's 55, so a young woman beats an old man, big
deal. And if she tries to maintain a l¡ttle d¡gnity and
ignore the twerp, he can say she's scared. So Riggs
Eels his picture on the cover of Tinre, and political wo" men get laughed at, and l get an upset stomach from
not screaming at the television show he's on.
But Billie Jean King creamed the guy, and even if
. she's never taken
seriously, she won't be laughed at .

tennis. lt

King displays her trophy

a

ing Bobby R¡ggs.

,

_Martha Thomses

lVlortha Thomases is a student ot Obertin Cottege in
OhÌo, She works on Coming Out,a women's poper,

BATTLE OF THE SEXES
Tennis Match between Billie Jean King and Bobby
Riggs

Houston Astrodome, September 20,
As viewed on ABC

1g7J , .

We gathered around the television set at eighü:o'clock
Thursday night to watch what was billed as "The Battle of the Sexes," Bobby Riggs and Bitlie Jeän King
were playing for a total of $300,000 in prize money
'
and untold millions in promotions and endorsements.
For half an hour, we saw commercials, signs saying
things like "King Wears Jockey Short's;" interviews
with celebrities i-n the audience (it was Glen Campbell's
fourteenth wedding anniversary, by the way), and
more commercials. Then the match began. i .
Billie Jean King won, three sets to nothing, 6-4,
6-3,6-3, thank God. For weeks tsobby:Riggs had been
everywhere-talk shows, Ti me magazine, ñeWspaperssaying obnoxious things about women belonging in
the kitchen, not the tennis courts. Statements like
this are not even worth getting angry about. Yet he
got applause for saying them; everyone thought he was
wonderful for being such a hustler; and that got me
angry. I was glad tó see him 8et h¡s ãss whipped.

tlrod as he loos€s the gamo.

12 WrN

WIN 13

{

I

pÁblftcn RADIo ¡s looklng for a new proàram dlrector for the N€w York stat¡on,

Peoplers

úient at 99.5.fm, They ar€ looking for

Bullerirr Bonnd
lf
to
but

Free

no g lnvolved
20 words.
fimtted
Otherwls€ g1 ev6ry tO words.

!h,,

the Holy v¡rgin Mary

a

ærson with "lncredlble stamlna and €nergy,
å stronq sens6 of radlo, good understanding
of whaf produces a good air sound, an abilltv to work cr€at¡vely and cooperatively with
sirong personallty types". . . The full l¡st of
exÞêctat¡ons, salary range and sim¡lar data
is.à,É¡lable from Jerry Coffln at WBAI, 359
E. 62 St., New Vork, NY 1OO2r.
Leah Fritz wants job in New York. Anything honest ¡nvolvlng writing, edlt¡ng, etc.
(Clever at PR, pub., promo. & corres.) Fuil
or part tlme, Write c/o WlN.

SEXUAL POLITICS books & postersr Feminlsm, men's rehumanizatlon, & gay liberat¡on. Free catalog from TIMES CHANGE

omance 1 & 2

mlxl&2

PRSSS, Penwell-W, Washington,

oach

NJ

SOURCE neods polit¡cally commltted p€o.
Þle to join our living/working collective.
Sourcé is a research collective wr¡ting organlzer's resource catalogs on 13 toÞ¡cs'
SOURCE I deals with Communicatlons,
SOURCE ll with Commun¡ties/Houslngi we
ãre now at work on SOURCE lll, Health'
Each catalog describes radical and alternaj
t¡ve Droiectl in a g¡ven alea as well as revlêWs
of böokì. articles; pamphlets, etc. useful to'
oeoDle dölnq communlty organlzlng. coliectivelv. wdwork to llberate ourselves f rom
exDloitíve sex roles, domination, mator¡alist¡iand comÞèt¡tlve relationsh¡ps' Jobs in'
clude researðh. wr¡tins, edltlnq, boÖk'Te,
views. lav out,'product¡on and lots of.Shitus your
work,' lf inte¡ested, wrlte and tellyou'd
like.
movement background and why
lnfo
and
sênd
more
to work w¡th us: We'll

if thins look good. SOURCE,
Po Bóx 21066, wash¡ngton, Dc 2o0p9.

'

arranqe a visit

I

O7882.

THE SOCIALIST TRIBUNE is'for building
T he
i ïo-nlsãcitâr¡ãniocia lst movement.
The.CATONSVILLE ROADRUNNER is a
us ¡s belief ¡n
môlithly magräzÍne fof sp¡rituat and pot¡t¡cat ã;ìl ;ããu¡rèm,int for io¡ning
revolutlon. Or¡glnally inspired by the actions I 8T,'äå?Y; ;,i s,'Såi å',"'".,iH I lÌ'"'"$X
of the Berrlgan Brothers ançl othèr Christlan
radicals lt now regurany reports on many as- kee, Wiscorísin 53203.
p€cts of the radlcâl scene herê in Br¡tain
and abroad-nonviolencê, anti-mil¡tarv.
End exploltat¡on, oppression ând war. Bu¡ld
communlty action, setting up alternatives
a f riendlv classless, democrat ic world. Join
etc,
the
Soc¡allst.Party-USA,, 1O 12 N. 3rd st,,
Single copies. 30ø seamail/50d airma¡l
or subs.cri ptio-n, .$3. 5 0 s9q!îal l/$q. 5 0 a i rrha i I M¡lwaukee, Wl 53203, ,
for 12 ¡ssues from:
28 Brundretts Road, Manchèster 21, England
FAR-OUT Nixon Wanted/Waterqate poster,
Please send colored photos or plctures of...
23" x 28ttz". $1125 êàch or 5 f^o.r $5. Jûl¡an
ANIMALS to Stephen P. Kolly, 275 Atlantic White Advertis¡nsr 611 Broadway, New York,
Ave., Bklyn, NY 112O1. H€ is in jail and
NY 1O012 (Percentage of profits goes to
wórkins on an anlmal collage,
WIN)
I

;'

JolN THE STRUGGLE foT ¡ustice for farm

workers, Fulþtime and part'time help need-

ed. UFW, 134 Elmwood No' 3, Evanston'

nl.ì

tL 60202.

tu

POSTCARDS' l.m silk-screen¡nq postcards
from my paper cuttlngs. Approx.
printed in wh¡te on lovely papers, W¡ll send
you 9 for $1, ppd. Mark Morris, Box 38
Poe,

,

NEIV RELEASES
The late President in his autobiography, No One Left to Kick
Around said he had "nothing to lose and everything to gain"
by destroying the then famous Wa.tergatetapes on the eve
oi *" lgi + 'ñnpeachment proceedings' He was probably
correct. By that time in May it was appare¡t that Mr' Nixon
ùãui¿ iail úo marshal even the narrow partisan support need'
ed to forstall his ouster. Except for Senator Hugh Scott of
Pennsylvania and a sprinkling of far'Westerners, Nixon's conservatíve coalition had already dissolved. (The conviction
elsewhere'
;;t. ;;r éls)t Mt Nixon's píoy, then,.was aimed
doubt
no
generations.
He
was
future
oiobablv towárd
ättemptine to instill a permanent historical doubt, or coniusion ovei his personal involvement in a range of illegal .
J ohn
irñ"t.t, schemes which his own White House ccunsel
necessary"
any
means
by
as
"election
arlacterized
¿h
il;i;i;
book Paranoid President.
in
" his t*ã"tiv
prUtitn.a memoirs (Time Framed, Random
i"
Coiiective, NV) Jofrn Ehrlichman, who served six months in
orison for'his óurt in the cover-up of the Watergate crimes, .
ã.î*¿.0 Mr. Ñixon's motives as "within the Constitutional
Reportb;ii;;tk". l¡o*tuàl. 10O'year-old New York Times
ãiC.L. Sulzburger in his recollections Burning My Candle
at Both Ends dilagrees' "Nixon," he recalls."spoke to me' ãúow irt" tapes juit before he met again with Chou en Lai
;fæ¡ ;y vis¡i wittr Chairman Breshnev upon my return,from
Þiãri"i runuka's summer home on Guam. What exactly he
ioiá t" I can no longer remember but I can s4y with assur'
ance that I was there."
This shattering evidence not withstanding, a case can
still be made for îhe advisability of destroying the tapes'
-Wftifã
tftiu¡ng in Lewisburg one morning Melvin Laird is said
to have told ãellmate Jotrn Ehrlichman of the circumstances
rutiãun¿ing the decisíon to make the tapes "permanently .
uîiurìiuuf"T. (Unlike those convicted in Watergate related
råìtãri, Laird ierved in the White House through 1974' .
Ättàr ttr'" San Clemente Raid and the subsequent dissolution
of the Old Republic, Laird's 25 year sentence for ordering
ir," i"ti"t camuo¿iá bombing wâs rpduced to 20 years'x)
Àccordingto Laird the President was convinced, having re'
uir*.¿ thä crucial tapes, that they were subject to only one
14 WIN

interpretation and as such would be misuñderstood if re'
i;;;"ã. littotutt will recall that the tapes purportedlywould
iluu"ãn*"r.d the crucial question as to whether the President participated in the obstruction of iustice by, among
ðinri tt.t¡ngt, offering executive clemency in exchange for .
one Wãtergate burglar. Laird reportedlv lolq
*" ilf

"nilófthat the Prelident invite¿ him into the oval of'
Ëiiiiãñrun
ti¿ April 1 gT4indicating that he-had. made a decision about ihe tapes' "To protect the President from
i[ti"u '; Mr. Nixon is said to'have said, " l must (and. to our
råîntá¡n tit" most delicate balance of powers çn rr{rich
fragile democracy rests) dispose of th.e tapes'" .
ñð" in

-if

it

G'td ;ruiy hearo

was

this iemarkable declaration, (and if

Famllies w¡th chlldren or indlviduals wel'
come to ioin 12 person cooperativo/communal small farm thât runs a Free School. Wr¡ter
John, Valley Cooporatlv,e School, RR2, Box
518, West Dundee,

work õf foreign policy Jet Lag' "lt is," he said "unusual for
me to paraptriasä a dósþot, btlt the best we can hope for.is
ttrat history, through its confusing processes, shall absolve

all."

-MartY Goldensohn

*w¡th the condition imposecl thât he share his s.pace wlth HR (EoÞ)
rüåi:ã' lãiäiiöri;äir; itetdiled ¡ n Ha ldema n's memo¡ rs Ll v I NG
MY LIFE WITH EHRLICHMAN'

r-räiàä

from his iob os assi-stont deon
of,íud"nts at the lJniversity of Pennsylvonio dfter leading

Marty Goldensohn

was frred

on occupation of his own offìce in an anti'war protest'

lL

YOUTH LIBERATION
Student Qrganizing K it

4

6O118.

P.M. BOOKSTORE, T2A Vallejo St., San
Francisco. CA 94133, Sp€clallz¡ng ¡n Books
on: The Movement * Thlrd world * Pollt¡cal Economy * Anthropology * Philosophy *
Sociology * Psychology * Educat¡on t History, etc. Also Flctlon, Poetry, Dramã &
Art books. Books bought, sold & traded,

",.

lnt€rest-free loans ava¡table to orqanizdt¡ons,in4eed, Maney from retuseo wai.t¡xìj,:"W-fR Life Fund, Box 573, Bethtehem;ÞA

Paul Palnik

18016.

FED

I.JP

faithfully recqrded by the labor leader in the adiacent

cell) he made no mention of ¡t in his journal Bombs Away
áiih r'rit monumental history of the defense department A
irti"stion of Bald Heads. ln any case it is difficult to view
the Presidents statements as candid enough to be taken at
face value.
ln short, Mr. Nixon achieved the desired-ambiguity, despite the Senatès overwhelming.verdict'. Citizens l]A e19uq¡
to recall are still divided over the question of the President's
intentions, though admittedly historians are less so' Henry
Kissinger likety iummarized the situation best in his master-

us

WV 26683,

WITH ESTABLISHMENT SCIENCE???

THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE.

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Schools have started again, and young people
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cuntains five pamphlets, five sample high
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a youth liberation button, a$d-a sample ccipy
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Two of the pamphlets

are

Student and Youth

Orgønizìng (96 pages of super important
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School Underground Newspaper. Send $2
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