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29th [7m. 1795] We set forward this Morning a little refreshed, and rode near 40 Miles through a Mountainous Country; the people seem to live well, and appear open-hearted to receive friends, many being weary of their Teachers. As I was very weak in body, we hired a Chair to ease me in travelling, & reached to our friend Samuel Moo's the 30th. [7m.] being about 40 miles; my weary body and mind seemed to experience much Comfort.
8th. mo. 3rd. [1795] We had two meetings here, one of which was held in S. M.'s House, large and satisfactory; and the other on a mountain not far off: I marvelled at the kindness of the People, and their openness to receive: On the 4th. [8m.] we set forward for Annapolis, and that afternoon had a Meeting at Randolph, and though very rainy, it was large and very satisfactory. The next day had a Meeting in a Baptist Meeting-house near; and another about ten miles off; both were favoured seasons, and the people openhearted & kind.
6th. [8m. 1795] This day we reached to Annapolis, & from there went to Edward Thorn's, who kindly took us in his Boat to Digby about nine Miles. This is a small Town of about 100 houses, standing on the Bason so called, at the Mouth of Annapolis river, where that empties through a narrow passage into the Bay of Fundy. Here the tide, it is said, riseth 90 feet.
7th. [8m. 1795] A large room in the Tavern where we lodged, was freely offered to hold Meetings in; Which was this day occupied, and a large Meeting held there to good satisfaction, to the tendering of some hearts. We were requested to stay longer, & to have more Meetings; but intending to cross [------ Page 122 ------] the Bay in a Vessel which was to sail that afternoon for New Brunswick; we thought it best to take leave of them, and go on board. We were on the water all night, which was to me very trying, as the motion of the Vessel caused me to be very sick. In about 22 hours we landed: it is called about forty Miles from Digby to this place. 8th. [8m. 1795] One who was called a Bishop of the Church of England, was with us on board of this Vessel. The man was respectful, and desired to see my Certificate; on it's being shewn to him, he commended it, and the Order settled among friends; saying, It well agreed with his Sentiments. After this his kindness towards me increased; for he came frequently to enquire how I was; saying, "Friend Evans, are you any better: And when we parted he gave me his blessing, as also divers others did, in their way. ---- 9th. [8m. 1795] At New Brunswick we had two large and favoured Meetings, to the tendering of many hearts, and bringing honour to the Cause of Truth; many expressed their Satisfaction, and I admired their solid sitting, as there was long silence, and a number of them never before at any of our Meetings. It was the Lord's Mercy; Blessed be his great Name; I am but as a worm, and no man.----
Many of the People hereaway, have had an education amongst Friends, and are friendly towards them; and I thought great openness appear'd in this town towards the Doctrine of Truth: a number expressing their tenderness [------ Page 123 ------] by the flowing of their Tears. --- On the other side of this Bay of Fundy, there was not anything oppressed my mind with more sadness than the manner, the former French inhabitants of the Place, which were called Neutrals, were forced away from their improved Farms and Estates in this Part of Nova Scotia, by those acting under British authority, and British Subjects coming in to inherit the fruits of their Labor. I mention'd my Sentiments freely concerning such injustice taking place, & I am willing to leave it.
10th. [8m. 1795] As we had to wait for a passage from hence to Bever Harbour, visited a few families here, being kindly received by the people where we came.
11th. [8m. 1795] This Morning we went on board of a Boat with four Oars, and came about 20 Miles to Dipper-harbour; here we lodged at one Frenches, who entertained us kindly & refused taking pay for it: Being yet only about half Way to Bever-Harbour, we went on board early next morning, and coming thither, had a Meeting in that place in the afternoon, which was a solid season; Likewise the next day we had another Meeting, also solid.
14th. [8m. 1795] We proceeded then about 20 Miles to Passomaquady, at the mouth of the river Saint Croix; and from thence the next day also by Water to Machias in the province of Main: Here, altho' no member of our Society resided in the place, we had two large and satisfactory Meetings. They desired us to stay longer, and have more: But I have found it safest to leave the People hungring, rather than to stay to make additions: I wish all who travel on Truth's account to guard against the Activity of the Creature, lest a good savour be not left among Strangers.
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17th. [8m. 1795] Being kindly supplied with Horses, & a man to take them back, we went on to Pleasant-River, about 20 Miles towards Penobscot: As heretofore hinted there appears to be much Openness amongst the inhabitants of this Eastern Country towards Friends: I thought it looked as tho' "the fields were white unto Harvest;" and that many seemed weary of their Teachers: We had a Small solid Meeting here the next day: After which we crossed the River to Richard Coffin's.
19th. [8m. 1795] Hiring Horses and a Man to take them back, we came about 30 Miles to French-man's Bay, and the next day we reached to the house of Paul Dudley, who was a very kind man: He offered his Boat and Hands to take us near 30 Miles, but It being rainy we tarried here till the day following, and 21st. [8m.] then were taken down Frenchman's Bay to the Blue Hills: --- On the Way to Penobscot we had a pleasant Passage; and I had to admire the goodness of the Lord, in opening & preparing my Way. Blessed be his excellent Name, doth my soul say, tremblingly, in awful fear and Love. - The next day we hired Horses to cross a neck of Land about six Miles; and then went by water to Penobscot: Feeling Poor in mind, and hearing of an Opportunity to go on further by Water, We had like to have gone, But perceiving an Opening unexpectedly for a Meeting here next day, we concluded to tarry, having one in the Morning, and also another in the afternoon, solid and profitable, I hope: The people's behaviour was commendable, I was comforted, and some benefit perhaps was received by individuals among them.
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24th. [8m. 1795] After leaving Penobscot we crossed the bay about 14 Miles to Ducktrap, and had a small solid meeting among the People there that afternoon; they behaved well; The next day we had a man and horses to take us to Camden on Penobscot bay; and on the day following had a smallish meeting there, which I thought was favour'd. Here I bought a Horse, bridle and saddle, and rode to Broad Bay; 27th. [8m.] where we had a satisfactory meeting at the widow Chapman's House; in which deep impressions were made on some Minds, and we were brought near to each other, altho' outwardly Strangers. --- In the afternoon we proceeded about 15 miles to the Widow Kennedy's, near Sheepsgut Ferry; and on the day following reached to our friend Jeremiah Hacker's at Durham; 29th. [8m.] From hence, proceeding to Falmouth, in company of several friends, on first day were at Meeting there, which was, as I thought, poor and dull: The weather was warm and riding thus on horseback was trying to my shattered condition: Yet I am favoured: All praise belongs to the Lord: I have been fully convinced in this my pilgrim-like-Journey for the good of Souls that nothing belongs to man, nor the contrivence of Men in putting forward the Lord's Work. --- 9th mo. 2nd. [1795] From Falmouth we came to Sandwich, where we had two Meetings, one of which was publick; The other with our friends selected: These were exercising, but I believe they ended well. Hard labour and much Poverty seem to be my allotment: But let me not [------ Page 126 ------] murmur; The Lord has hitherto helped me. --
3rd. [9m. 1795] From hence we are to journey to Cohorse, in Vermont: At which place we arrived on the 4th. [9m.] I was much weary. We had two Meetings the day following, being first day; One of them was held in a School-house in a good degree solid; the other in a Baptist Meeting house, large, but interrupted by the people's going out and in: It is often so, when we consent to hold meetings in the houses which belong to People of other Societies. I believe we ought carefully to feel our Way, even when their houses are offered freely. Here I met with my friend Henry Hull from Nine Partners.
7th. [9m. 1795] I had a Meeting in Sharon near Bassett's, which was large; but it suffered Loss by a friend's speaking rather too much about his own Convincement: My Mind was distressed hereby; And my desires are that Friends of the Ministry may be well guarded against branching out improperly, when silence might be more useful near a Meeting's Conclusion. We now set out for Danby, through a Mountainous Country, which we reached the next day. 9th. [9m. 1795] My journey since I left my habitation, I think amounts to near two thousand Miles by land and Water till came to this place; And I am thankful that I feel in good measure Comfortable after the Fatigue which has attended such a long Travel.
10th. [9m. 1795] At Danby we had a Meeting that was large, and exercising. I thought the people's minds were too much outward, and not attentive to the true foundation. --- The next day had a favoured meeting at Mountholly on the green Mountain in Vermont, where no Meeting of Friends was ever [------ Page 127 ------] held before: The people sat commendably: several of them invited us to their houses; But believing myself clear, I chose rather to leave them in the hand of the Lord: 12th. [9m. 1795] Next at Walling's valley, a little village, we had a large & good eeting; where there had not been any held by friends before: A Baptist Minister was present, who seemed to be tendered. --- The height of the mountains here seemed awfu, exceeding any that I had seen: Some people suppose that much more rain and snow fall on them then doth in a level country. --- Oh! the sympathy I have perceived for those who dwell in these rough places; many of them in poor cottages, covered with bark, or straw. --
13th. [9m. 1795] I was at Danby meeting again, it being the first of the week, and seemed to be a dull season; yet some ability to labour amongst them was afforded; several things opened in my mind concerning the free use of distilled Spirits, India Tea, and tobacco, and I had to tell the people I was apprehensive these things were not introduced amongst us by the dictates of Truth; but that they rather came in by stealth, as a thief in the night, and stand behind the curtain of custom (as many other evils do; causing weakness among us as a people: Yet that I believed the Lord's refining work would go forward, & prevail over all Opposition, but gradually; [------ Page 128 ------] and that a reformation is begun; Therefore let not the little ones be discouraged; For though the first who step forth to change evil customs may meet with exercise and sore conflicts, yet as they stand simple, & keep humbly resigned to the Lord's disposal, their reward will be sure. ----- 14th. [9m. 1795] Leaving Danby I came to Easton; and on the 16th, [9m.] crossed the North River to the Week day meeting at Saratoga; which was a trying season. -- The day following I went back to their Monthly Mo.ly Meeting at Easton; at the close whereof the Shutters were opened at my request, and I was exercised in close labour with Friends of both sexes on the subject of a reformation, having to touch on the particular things which, as above, were mentioned at Danby: Also on the harm arising extensive Trade, with that of declining to use our own country produce: advising that children be brought up to industry: &c.
18th. [9m. 1795] Travelling to White-Creek, the following day I had a large and solid Meeting there; after which an aged man came to me, and said, "he had thought much of being a Quaker, yet had been afraid to join them, but this day the Truth had been declared to his comfort:" and at parting he expressed his wish that the Lord might prosper the work in my hands. ---- 20th. [9m. 1795] The following first day I was at Pitts-town Meeting; the first which was held in their new Meeting house, being a large gathering; I believe the Truth was in Dominion among us; and it seemed marvellous to see such a mixed multitude sit so still & solid.
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23d. [9m. 1795] The next Meeting was among friends of Queman's Patent, large and solid. At the close of the publick sitting, I had an opportunity with friends by themselves; Here way opened for close labour respecting the the [sic] necessity of reformation, as things amongst them were much out of Order, and too much lukewarmness prevalent. I was also at their monthly Meeting next day, where I was engaged to labour with both Sexes, on the necessity of reformation, and had to touch on the same Subjects as in other Places, concerning Foreign Trade, Rum, India Tea, Tobacco &c, exhorting to that of more true Moderation, temperance &c, with the use of our own country Produce. ---
26th. [9m. 1795] After that I had a Meeting at Clineykill, a solid favoured Season, said to be the largest known to be in that place: A hope was expressed by some that the Lord would bless my Labours.
27th. [9m. 1795] The next day was at New-Britain, a large and solid Meeting; and another at Steven-town in the Afternoon, where power was given to labour fervently for the good of souls--- I am this day 64 years old; and am at times deeply humbled in beholding how my way has been opened, and every kindness necessary have I witnessed from all sorts of people; with a Capacity to undergo hard-travelling thro' scenes & Places where to human view it seemed impossible: In the arm of the Lord is all Strength & sufficiency. ---
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28th. [9m. 1795] This Morning I visited a Settlement of the People called Shakers, who seem'd to receive me kindly, yet were much reserved. I informed them I had felt my mind drawn to visit them in love, and if they were free to sit down with us, if anything arose in any of our minds, we might speak freely; adding also that I had often heard of them, but did not see any of their sort before now: One of them then said, he expected some things reported of them might be true, and some false: He then leaving us, (I suppose he went to consult with his Brethren,) but soon returning, he asked if I was born in this Country, and of what profession I was? I told him I was one of the People called Quakers: and shew'd my certificate; After he read it, he asked if he might shew it to some in the next room; which I allowed him do: He then went in again, where, by that time, I suppose many were collected in Council; I heard them read over my certificate, which after some time was brought back, and I was told they found I was an approved Minister of that Society & was on a long journey; I informed him I was on my return; and if he had freedom I should be willing to know something of their Principles: He then informed me, They "believed in Christ Jesus, and in his second appearance, and endeavored to live up to the Scriptures, and to follow Christ: being Members of his Church thro' the baptism of the holy Ghost: and coming under [------ Page 131 ------] the cross: This, he said, had crucified every fleshly lust, and given them power to resist the tempter: That also, they heldit was not right to marry, but that the World was wrong, and laid in Sin, &c. He seem'd confident in supposing their Tenets to be right in respect to marriage, and that they take up the cross to lustful desires, and go beyond others in self-mortification, &c. With respect to their Worship, he informed me they came together every evening, took a solid pause, and if the Elders feel any ting to arise with weight, they were permitted to speak; they also sing the Songs of Solomon, use dancing &c. I informed him of our belief concerning the benefit of Silence, and of Spiritual Worship; and advised him to beware of being over confident in supposing they had witnessed greater Attainments than others. He told me they believed George Fox to have been a good Man, until he mixed with the World; that then he fell away, and there had been a falling away among us till this time; and we had lost our gift of discerning & had in our Church many rotten, or defected Members, But they (the Shakers) he said, had that Gift, & had sought out some of the most deep & hidden Sins, &c: I let him know I feared they were mistaken, not being so whole as they thought themselves to be. This man appear'd to be sober & well-behaved. He said they all lived in Love, and in one family, and portion'd out each one's labour, according to their ability. They have many Mechanicks, and some are appointed to inspect the Work before it is Sold; appearing to maintain Credit by honest dealing, &c. They seem to be much United, do not act without consulting together, and move as in a body, This Man told me farther, they did not receive any as Members if they had wronged any person, until they had returned fourfold: and when any one joined them, his Property is put into public Stock; & if he should [------ Page 132 ------] leave them, he is to take out what he first put in, & no more. They appear to be a decent industrious people; and on the whole, I thought better of them, than before I went to see them.
I understand the women among these People, were much by themselves; They spin, knit, sew, weave, and manage the Houshold Affairs.
29th. [9m. 1795] Moving forward to East Husack, I was at a very large Meeting there; This was almost held in silence, yet the people sat quiet and solid: I told them I much commended that, and wished them not to be discouraged; also that, as God was a Spirit, we believed he might be worshipped in Spirit and in Truth, even where no vocal Sound or Voice is to be heard. It being a Season of mortality here, I visited several sick persons and Families, of which our valued friend Robert Nisbet's was one, who deceased soon after: many others also were called off here about that time.
10th. Mo. 1st. [1795] The monthly Meeting at East Husack being held now, I attended it, being a large gathering & a favoured season in the fore part: I sat with Women friends while they answered the queries: where a deep search was made into the State of Things, to my comfort: I then sat with the Men in the like Exercise: But life seem'd to be wanting: I thought there was a disposition to answer evasively, and unless they were more weighty in the business, The queries might become a snare to them.
2nd. [10m. 1795] At one place I was grieved, at seeing so large preparations for making Cyder: doth it not tend to promote Excess in drinking? The next day had a small dull meeting at a friend's house; and to me, mournful. Then went on our Way towards Tyringham.
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3rd. [10m. 1795] We visited another settlement of those called Shakers: after a solid conferrence we were permitted to see the women, who appeared plain and sober; one of them, and antient Woman, spake in a free and friendly way, asking several questions: She seemed well satisfied with my answers, and invited me to come again. Their Head-dress was much the uniform: and although I had some satisfaction in the visit, I feared they were too much unacquainted with the Cross of Christ; yet they speak of living under the cross.
4th. [10m. 1795] Had a large and satisfactory Meeting at Tyringham; after which I was in Conferrence with a Committee from East Husack Mo.ly Meeting, in respect to holding a meeting at this place, as the number is small, and the State of things but low. ---- The next day travelled on a rough road through a mountainous Country to Charles Richards's House at Goshen; 6th. [10m. 1795] and the following day a large and solid Meeting was held there: It may be remarked the people in those parts are long in gathering to assemblies for Worship. C. Richards seems to be a singular man in almost all his conduct; and yet in the main, I esteemed him honest-hearted. The day following in the afternoon, we had a dull heavy Meeting at a place called the Branch, and the 8th. [10m.] had one at New-milford; which was low in the forepart; untill some gay people not of our perswasion came in; unto whom I believe the Lod had regard, for ability was received to extend gospel labour for their benefit: as a lukewarm drowsy spirit was to be felt [------ Page 134 ------] before they came in. This was the preparative Meeting day at New-Milford, But matters appeared to be in a low State. At the close of the first Meeting, I felt a desire to have a meeting with the inhabitants of New-Milford next day, which was united with on being mention'd, and the time and place proposed.
9th. [10m. 1795] Agreeable to which proposal, a pretty large number assembled of those not of our society in a private house near the town, which was a favoured season, not soon to be forgotten. --- 10th. [10m. 1795] Going Forward I had a pretty large and satisfactory Meeting at Friends Meeting-house in the Valley, so called: And next day at Peach Pond, was at a small meeting, where poverty was felt; yet I had some labour.
12th. [10m. 1795] Next I attended the Monthly Meeting at Oblong, which was an exercising time; I fear'd barrenness prevailed; the crowding Cares of the World & the deceitfulness of Riches choaking the good seed: I had some close labor which appeared to be well taken; The day following I attended the select Meeting at the same place, which was dull & exercising: 14th. [10m. 1795] From hence I went to Nine Partners to their monthly Meeting; which was very large, and somewhat lively, I thought; I perceived some ability to labour satisfactorily. Next day I met with a Committee on the Subject of a Boarding School at the same place: I thought I was led to see more clearly than ever before, into [------ Page 135 ------] the nature or right manner of educating Children, which I mentioned, and left with them. --- 16th. [10m. 1795] Next I attended the Creek Monthly Meeting: which, I thought was an exercising poor-time. The day following I had a large Meeting, which was at my desire appointed for the young people at the Creek Meeting-house; This was a season of Divine Favour: The Youth felt more pleasant to me separated from others; I fear the unlawful love of lawless things is a great Snare, in which the Enemy hath caught many, who have appear'd to be well-disposed Members of our Society, up and down in this land.
18th. [10m. 1795] Had a Meeting at Little nine Partners, so large that the house could not contain all the people; It was exercising, yet blessed be the God of all power; he gave ability to labor in his cause, to the tendering of many hearts. --- Returning to Nine Partners, I was at a Meeting appointed for the Youth, at my desire: which was a solid favoured time: some of these appeared to be of the naughty rebellious Ones: Oh! may the opportunity be as "bread cast upon the Waters to be found hereafter."
20th. [10m. 1795] I had also at the same place a large and solid Meeting with the Parents and Heads of Families of the Monthly Meeting; I had to revive among them the Sense of our Primitive friends, respecting fine houses, Rich furniture, a Worldly spirit, &c, also my sentiments concerning the free use of Tobacco, & other things heretofore mention'd, [------ Page 136 ------] which (as it seems to me) have stole in upon us as a thief in the night, and which in a measure occasion dimness and weakness with respect to a faithful Support of the pure testimony of Truth.
21st. [10m. 1795] And the next day at the Creek, or stone, house, a meeting of the same kind was held with heads of families, large, and owned by the Truth, as many Friends expressed; for many hearts were tendered, & many tears dropt. Here also the example & Care of our Predecessors, for punctuality in dealings, true moderation in living &c, was brought into view; and a weighty Care urged in the education of Children: also the ruinous Effects of a neglect of that (as was mention'd---- The day following I had a large & solid Meeting at Stephen Dean's house; And one at Israel Titus's house in the afternoon, which was likewise satisfactory.
23rd. [10m. 1795] At Swago also I had a pretty large Meeting, which was thought to be favoured. On my way the next day to Appoguage, I saw a shameful sight, a Bull tied up, and dogs allowed to worrey him in that condition: those looking on, who (no doubt) professed Christianity.
25th. [10m. 1795] Attending Appoguage meeting on first day, it was so large the house was too small for the people: but too many of them seemed to be a bad sort, yet they sat commendably for such a mixed number, and I was concerned to lay things close, & scarcely got relieved in the meeting: In the afternoon I had but little strength to hold up my head, believing this is a poor place, & the faithful number but few.
I went from hence to Oblong again; thro' a rough mountainous Country. A friend who was educated in the Presbyterian profession informed me [------ Page 137 ------] that he was convinced of the truth, on hearing some little Children using the plain language of thee, to one another; and they appearing so lamblike, he believed it was Truth's language: I thought, from this instance, how much effect simple Plainness hath, even when observable in children: and how much more if grown people & Parents were properly concerned to live up the pure inward principle of Truth? We should then be teachers, instead of stumbling blocks, to honest enquirers; and like the "Salt of the earth, the savour whereof would be perceived for miles round, in a neighborhood where it was retained.
28th. [10m. 1795] I attended the Quarterly Meeting at Oblong; it was very large, and comfortable to my mind: Gospel Truths were declared to the tendering of many hearts: The next day the Youth's Meeting was said to be the largest known in this place; a solid and favoured season I believe; The people sat quiet, although crowded; and I sat in silence, being comforted in Christ our Lord. --- The day following I travelled towards Nine partners again, their Qu.ly Meeting being near, and on the way Stopped at the Ridge Meeting held the 1st of the 11th month [1795], which was very large, solemnity prevailing, tho' many had to stand up for want of seats. The day before I staid at a Friend's house, whose wife was in a Weak State of helath: she appeared to be of an innocent spirit, and expected much satisfaction in the right.
2nd. [11m. 1795] This morning considering how well I fared among my friends, I feared the danger of forgetting the Lord, who had so remarkably favour'd, and prepared my way: Let him have the praise of his own Works, who is alone worthy, forever.
I had a solid opportunity with a naughty young man, the only [------ Page 138 ------] Son of his father; I intreated him to forsake evil company, and in so doing he would be likely to find Comfort, otherwise he would not, either here or hereafter: using much freedom with him, as one who resembled the prodigal Son the parable, he appear'd to take it well, and said, he hoped he should not forget my advice.
3rd. [11m. 1795] Being at the select Quarterly Meeting at Nine Partners, I was led to mention my sense of there being no necessity for much school learning for a gospel minister; that the knowledge of Latin, Greek, & Hebrew, is more likely to hinder then to help a gospel Minister: Truth being a simple Thing, not needing learned languages to explain it &c. --- The Quar.ly meeting for business the next day was very large; and I thought, was favoured with power from on high to labour for the good cause in a way that is uncommon. I felt my mind impressed with concern to sit with both Men friends and the women, first in one Meeting, & then in the other, whilst the Business of reading the Queries & the answers to them is attended to: Which being mentiond, my request was united with by both men and women friends: It was a season of favour, as I had an opportunity in both Meetings to clear myself respecting the trust which I apprehended the Lord reposed in me, to the Satisfaction of my self and my friends: many hearts were tendered, & minds instructed and edified; which divers freely and openly expressed: So that we parted in near Love, a sense of which I hope will not soon be forgotten: Let the Name of the Lord be blessed.
The day following was a publick Meeting at the same place, larger than their large Meeting-house could contain; in which a good degree of solidity prevailed. Yet I thought the Meeting was [------ Page 139 ------] hurt by too much preaching: It is necessary a deep travail of spirit, should take place for the arising of that Spirit and life which gives victory over lightness and airy dispositions; without which preaching is vain.
6th. [11m. 1795] Inclining now to go towards Hartford in Connecticut, I travelled about 20 miles, and in the afternoon had a Meeting near Goshen in a Baptist Meeting-house; it was remarked that the meeting was solid and quiet. 8th. [11m.] Coming to East Hartford where a number dwell who by convincement have of late been joined to our Society, I attended their Meeting on first day forenoon; Also in the afternoon when notice was further spread, we had a large and favoured Meeting: but it was somewhat injured by the publick appearance of one towards whom Care was extended. In the evening also we had the largest meeting ever seen at this place; and tho' the crouding of the people was some hindrance to it's Settlement in quietude, yet the seasoning virtue of Truth was perceived by many: insomuch, that near a hundred persons, after the Meeting concluded, were loth to depart from the house; I felt my mind engaged in exercise on their account; but went to lay down, that I might rest a little; After they had conferred together, a solid young man came, and told me they desired another opportunity as the evening meeting was so crouded. This proved to be a time of favour: to shew them that I was no Impostor I caused my Certificate to be read near the close: This lasted till near midnight: such a solemnity prevailed, that it seemed not easy to separate. I did believe the Truth came into dominion this evening: May the Lord be [------ Page 140 ------] praised who is alone worthy, saith my Soul.
9th. [11m. 1795] Feeling a draught in my mind to go and visit a Clergyman named Perkins in West Hartford who had shewn some bitterness towards friends; and although some thought it was likely he would treat me with contempt, I was most easy to go, being accompanied by two friends: when we went to him, he treated us friendly beyond our expectation, saying he had attended at one Meeting, and was well satisfied with what I said: I replied, if thou wouldest lay aside forms and ceremonies, I think we shall be likely to agree in the parts which are essential: he then said, he believed the Scriptures to be the only rule of faith and practice, and that revelation had cased. I endeavoured to open my Sentiments to him in freedom, That the Scriptures appeared to be a sealed book, and the true meaning of many parts not to be obtained, except thro' the assistance of the same Spirit which gave them forth, That the divine principle of Light and Grace which we preach up, and testify unto, is that, which if attended to, brings to the knowledge of God; That the Spirit of Wisdom which inspired the Penmen who wrote the Scriptures, is surely to be preferred before that which was written under it's Influence, &c, altho' he said he believed in free grace yet he continued to urge the Scriptures being the only Rule, other conversation followed, yet it appeared he was loth to yield to any Sentiment different from what he had been accustomed to endeavour to uphold, according to their Creed: I let him know before we parted, that I thought he knew better than he spake.
10th. [11m. 1795] The next day I had a Meeting with Friends of Hartford by [------ Page 141 ------] themselves, to my comfort and theirs. I saw there was great need of care in this place, as they are but newly convinced, and their number small. They hold Meetings under the Care of Oblong Monthly Meeting in the government of New York. --- This viz. Hartford appears to have been a dark place of formal Professors of Religion.
12th. [9m. 1795]Leaving Hartford, and returning westward bout 40 miles, I had a solid & satisfactory Meeting at Goshen: where some attended that never had been at one of our Meetings before: with one of whom I had solid conversation: She was in a tender State, & expressed herself not satisfied with their hireling Teachers, believing they ought to work for something towards their own maintenance; without spending their time from Week to week in an idle Way, &c:
14th. [11m. 1795] I went from hence to see a Settlement of Indians at Seatecook, about 30 in number, with whom I had a meeting: and afterwards visited them in their families, in which I had satisfaction.
The next day I was at that called the Branch Meeting, being first day, which was dull and exercising. ---- 16th. [11m. 1795] At the Monthly Meeting at Oblong I also attended, and had a solid season both among Men and women; many of the young people were present, to whom, as well as to Parents & others I endeavored to discharge myself honestly: reminding them of the Indians above mention'd, for whom I was concerned, as much of the land had been obtained from that People under value, & some of it very unfairly, That now it was right, kindness towards them should be remembred; Friends uniting with my Concern, a Committee was appointed to visit the Indians, & administer to their help if need ful. This days exercise & Labour yielded me Comfort, and, I believe tended to the Glory of God; Blessed be his great Name; He is the Helper of this People.
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17th. [11m. 1795] Travelling homewards about 30 miles, I had in the Evening at a Friends house some edifying conversation: I fear it is too often otherwise, and that the Cause of Truth is at times hurt, and perhaps honest enquirers stumbled, and friends weakened, when they come together, by light conversation on worldly, or trifling Subjects. Had a Meeting at Rob.t Randel's house, which was thought to be solid and comforting, as well as pretty large. 19th. [11m. 1795] Next at Ammawock, had a large Meeting in the forenoon, which was exercising: and in the afternoon another at Colebark; This was a comfortable heart-tendering season, wherein many eyes dropped tears. Blessed be the Name of the Lord, who helpeth.
20th. [11m. 1795] I likewise had pretty large Meeting in the forenoon at Shappaqua where Life was not permitted to rise high; And another in the afternoon at Isaiah Quimby's, which was more Satisfactory.
22nd. [11m. 1795] Coming on to New-York, I was on first day, fore, and afternoon at Meeting with my friends there, which I thought were the most afflicting Meetings I had sat in for some time: It was near the close of a season of Mortality wherewith that city had been visited; which should have produced humility, turning peopes' minds from the pursuit of earthly riches, to that treasure which is durable: But to my grief, I was afraid the inhabitants (when the late rod was withdrawn) too many were turning, like the Sow, to that of wallowing in the mire again.
23d. [11m. 1795] Next day I visited a few families in the City, and had close conversation with [------ Page 143 ------] a Formalist, whose Eyes, I thought were blinded by the God of this world. I told him in Substance, nearly on this Wise, that it grieved me to think while a remnant were trying to prevail with Young people & others to come into the Practice of more plainness and true moderation consistent with the simplicity of our Profession, those in high Station for worldly interest, should be keeping, and holding up Articles & Things for Sale as a temptation to others to branch out in purchasing, to deck themselves with Superfluities, &c.
26th. [11m. 1795] In about three days after this time I reached to my own habitation again after a journey which took up near eight Months: and in which I had to travel about 4,000 Miles; and have now cause to praise & magnify the Name of the Lord, who in a marvellous manner prepared my way, & carried me through; and now vouchsafeth the Sense of a reward which is sufficient for all my Trials & labours; That of finding my Wife & near Connections alive & in pretty good health was esteemed by me an additional Cause for humble thanksgiving.
12th. mo. 5th. [1795] At our select Quarterly Meeting, my mind was closely exercised concerning superfluities that appear; and particularly I had to mention large Looking glasses; whether having them in friends houses was not one cause of keeping pride alive in the hearts of those who spend time in standing before them to view their dress, and to have all appear delicate & nice; and whether such scrupulous [------ Page 144 ------] nicety in trigging of the body, doth not add to the Soul's unfitness to approach the presence of a heartseaching God, when we go to places for solemn worship.
7th. [11m. 1795] Drowsiness in times of worship was complained of in our Answers brought in to the Quar.ly Meeting of business; whereupon I was concerned to bring into consideration, whether high, luxurious eating & drinking Cider, Wine &c, plentifully, with smoking tobacco, did not tend in some measure to alter the state of the body, and thereby add to the causes of heavy dullness when friends come to sit down in our religious Meetings. That of paying a kind attention to the Situation of the Native Indians who dwell near us, by visiting them, & inspecting as well as helping their necessities, as winter is approaching, and we much indebted to them, as such who possess the Land which was theirs, & obtained from them at a cheap rate, was at this time urged to friends observation as a Christian duty: My mind is often concerted for that people.
11th. [12m. 1795] I was at Evesham Mo.ly Meeting in company with several ministring friends: I have often thought that the time in our meetings for business ought to be occupied in attending thereto, and not taken up with communications in the way of preaching; Life and power far exceed words. ---- 12th. [12m. 1795] My mind was turned in feeling sympathy towards the poor and afflicted, divers of whom I visited: one of them was antient, whose time seemed nearly over, and I feared his days work was not done; I urged him to use all diligence. [------ Page 145 ------] At another house, I went to see an afflicted woman, and her mother who was a widow, they rejoiced at being visited; and I tho't they appear'd much in the innocency, like favourites of Heaven.
13th. [12m. 1795] At a neighboring Meeting, I thought insensibility, and forgetfulness of God prevailed; with a worldly spirit to my grief.
17th. [12m. 1795] At our week day Meeting, I hoped for an increase of living Faith and life among us; Friends seem to bring out more of the youth to meetings then heretofore. I visited a number more of the poor and afflicted, who appeared thankful in being remembred.
24th. [12m. 1795] At Pilesgrove Mo.ly Meeting was a trying time; I seemed almost ready to give out, the appearance was gloomy, and the floods ready to swallow me up; I feared also the Lord was about to hide his face from me: I said, Suffer me not, O Lord, to fall a prey to mine Adversary: I know my help is in thee. Next day I visited some in deep affliction of body, whom I thought were in favour with God, a comfortable feeling.
27th. [12m. 1795] At Salem Meeting I had close doctrine to deliver which seemed well taken, At their Monthly Meeting next day, my bow seemed to be renewed in strength; and I had close labour to discharge both amongst Men friends and the Women, to my own satisfaction, and to theirs, as far as appear'd. I was led to treat on the pernicious Effects of a worldly Spirit, and a sumptuous way of living, aiming at fine Houses, rich furniture, particularly large looking-glasses &c, &c:
[------ Page 146 ------] Returning home I visited several sick persons to our mutual Joy. At our week day meeting, 31st [12m. 1795], were a large number of Youth; a good Meeting crowned with the divine presence.
1796 1st. month. For six days I have been about home, & done little good. Instead of attending with other Friend the committee on Indian Affairs, I let in reasoning, that I was of so little consequence, I might as well stay away; and thus have lost time.
8th. [1m. 1796] My mind was inclined to attend a neighboring Mo.ly Meeting, but the Adversary endeavour'd to defeat me here also: I was kept lingering about home till it was almost too late; when trembling seized me; & I cried, "let me not fall by the hand of Saul;" I was favoured with a little Strength to press thro': and my bow was renewed, so that I had a favoured Opportunity, both amongst Men and Women friends. I was engaged to speak to Parents and Children concerning a worldly spirit, and the inconsistency of Superfluity in dress and furniture; and had to press in plain Language the evil of these Things; believing it was not a time for speaking smooth Words. It was thought the meeting ended well.
I also attended another Monthly Meeting next day where my service was pretty much in the same line; And I can say in truth, Blessed be the name of the Lord; He is a rich rewarder of those who serve him faithfully.
11th. [1m. 1796] I was at our Monthly Meeting at Haddonfield, Where the Minutes of our Yearly Meeting were received which advise against [------ Page 147 ------] a worldly Spirit, & mention it's weakening effects in leading to the vain customs of the World in dress &c: I was led on this occasion to speak plain, and closely urge my friends to a proper attention to this advice, with other matters recommended; It appear'd evident to me that giving way to fleshly ease, and a worldly Spirit, was the ground cause of a defection in our Society, & a departure from that Simplicity which the dictates of the blessed Truth, if strictly observed, would lead into. Some of the rich can scarcely bear this kind of doctrine, especially Parents; The Children sometimes appear most tender. I had also to express my fears respecting the dangerous consequence of friends mixing with others in promoting a School at Haddonfield for instructing Youth in the French Language: as it might be a snare to entangle some of the dear Youth, & expose them to the Company of those of a loose conduct &c. Tho' some seemed to disapprove of my freedom in this respect, several both Old and young united with my Sentiments.
12th. [1m. 1796] I was at Woodberry Monthly Meeting: where a worldly spirit was again treated on, with it's effects: I opened my Sentiments on what relates to extortion; and had to advise my friends not to seek the largest Prices when they were about to sell, Meat or other produce, especially to those in low circumstances: This appear'd to be a low time: and I was afraid my friends in this place had lost ground.
18th. [1m. 1796] At our Meeting lately we had the company of four friends who were [------ Page 148 ------] Ministers. It came into my mind that in a season of drought, we looked to the clouds for rain; sometimes many clouds produce but little rain, so when divers preachers are in the gallery, & the minds of the people turned towards them & not to the bishop of Souls, a disappointment often happens. --- 24th. [1m. 1796] I have done no good thing ----
For several days after this, I was closely engaged in visiting the sick, and in assisting, and pleading the cause of the poor, to my comfort, and I hope, to their benefit.
2nd month 1st. [1796] I was at Burlington Mo.ly Meeting, & had some service both amongst Men friends & the Women, tho' it seemed hard work, because of lukewarmness, and I feared the World was likely to gain Ascendancy.
2nd. [2m. 1796] Attending also the Mo.ly Meeting at Chesterfield, it appeared to be a low season, & part of the time unprofitably spent; Some who had more of the form than substance urging sentiments to carry their Point, I thought it was distressing to some younger persons, & so it was to me.
3rd. [2m. 1796] Springfield Monthly meeting held to day, I thought was a more favour'd time in the management of their business; Friends seemed to be united, & the Youth sat solidly, which was pleasant to observe. I had a comforting time in a Family yesterday evening; the Children appear'd in a good degree of innocence. (C. Newbolds.)
4th. [2m. 1796] At the Monthly Meeting of Mount-holly, I thought matters were in a low condition, scarcely managed to the honour of Truth: as life seem'd wanting. In the evening I visisted one who had been an old Professor, hurt by taking strong drink to excess; I dealt closely with him, as I took him to be deceiver. [------ Page 149 ------] I visited a family of Methodists, who seemed well disposed: they were tender & expressed satisfaction.
5th. [2m. 1796] I likewise attended Evesham Mo.ly Meeting, and was afraid friends were rather on the decline, as to the ground work of religion. The spirit of the world often gets too much place in the hearts of Professors, and then the good seed is choked, so that it cannot flourish to the honour of the Great Husbandman. --- I felt much stripping after I came home, but on visiting some of the Poor, & those in Affliction, I was comforted, and had cause to bless, & praise, the Name of the Israel's God.
8th. [2m. 1796] At our Monthly Meeting I opened my concern to visit the Families belonging to our Meeting of Newtown; and to hold a few Meetings near the river side, which my friends united with, I was induced to express my Concern also, about so great a Concourse of People coming to our Quarterly Meeting, & the disorders often seen among them. --- 14th. [2m. 1796] On first day we had a faoured Meeting at Newtown: a searhing testimony was delivered by our friend S: S: many hearts both of young and old were tendered.
15th. [2m. 1796] I thought I had some clear openings, respecting the manner of holding our Meetings for discipline, in the authority of Truth.
18th. [2m. 1796] Being at a Meeting held in a School House near the River, I was concern'd on the subject of dwarfishness, which is apt to overtake Friends both Men and women, in a religious Sense; where the Spirit of the World is allowed to gain Place: O how it hinders the Growth of the blessed Truth!
21st. [2m. 1796] In visiting the poor and afflicted, I find some who [------ Page 150 ------] are in a good degree tender & sweet spirited: one of whom I thought had too much confidence in the doctor, which gave me concern. Doctors we see are often men of loose principles, not fit for religious Minds to place reliance on. On further visits to some in strained Circumstances, I find Comfort: I am often tried with great poverty of Spirit, I therefore own those as my brethren and sisters in tribulation,.
3rd. month, 13th [1796] I have for near two weeks been engaged in visiting the families mention'd before, to my satisfaction; many of the visited also express the same: more friends are observed to attend Meetings than were seen a while past, or before this Visit. 14th. [3m. 1796] I thought our Monthly Meeting at this time was pretty well conducted.
15th. [3m. 1796] I attended the Meeting at Moorestown, & sat with a Committee who had under Consideration the subjects mention'd in the Yearly Meetings minutes relative to a worldly Spirit &c: I had some close labour touching this "root of all evil," the Love of money; It seems to go hard with some old folks, & those who are eagerly pursuing outward wealth: So secure were some, they were ready to say, 'Touch me not:" But I told them "Joseph, or little David, was yet alive; Therefore let no mans heart fail him." --- The next day at Upper-Evesham Meeting, I had to speak of dangers that may happen, if the Watchmen fall asleep, and give not the alarm at the approach of the enemy. It appear'd that now worldly spirit was advancing fast into our Society, & for want of faithful, wakeful, Watchmen, [------ Page 151 ------] many with their sons and their daughters, are likely to be taken captive; the rich are getting more riches; but the poor are oppressed; and I believed the time loudly called for an Alteration; and that now Rye and Corn sold for so high a price, and other things high also, Friends example in moderation might be loud preaching; even if we could submit to supply the poor at one third lower than the highest price; what a pleasant Savour it would yield in the country round us. These sentiments it seemed right for me to press home to my friends closely.
17th. [3m. 1796] Attending Haddonfield Meeting, I had to mention the manner in which we ruled the Ox and the Ass, which are bought with our money, & therefore ought to be subject under us; to come or go at our bidding: But ourselves, who are bought at a higher price, by the Saviour of the world, do not obey him as our Great Master nor keep his holy Law: Thus, are we not more stubborn than the brutes? If the brutes obey not, we give them stripes: And must not the Lord chastise us for disobedience? We may consider for ourselves; As we whip harder for the second Offence, may we not look for the same measure ourselves, if still disobedient? As the inhabitants of this place have been lately visited by the rod of Sickness, and many numbered to the silent Grave, of different Ages & sexes: and have not some been raised as from the grave, and spared longer, who have made promises of amendment in the affliction, yet have not kept them? Will not the Lord visit again, by Sword, Famine [------ Page 152 ------] or pestilence? I had to press these things for close consideration.
19th. [3m. 1796] I have several times visited a sick friend, who said she felt a sweet clam; that she had all she could look for; death was no terror; adding , Oh how trying would a wounded conscience be, at sucha time as this!
24th. [3m. 1796] I was at Pilesgrove Mo.ly Meeting as poor and low, I thought, as I ever felt myself. Next day at our Quarterly Meeting, I thought it right to mention the situation of the old Jersey Indians near us; one of whom is about 80 years old, & the other blind, about 60, for whom I have been concern'd that they may be properly cared for: a committee was appointed to attend to their Case.
26th. [3m. 1796] Attending our General Spring Meeting in Philadelphia, I believe it was a favoured Season, remarkably so. Our English friends Deborah Darby & Rebecca Young attended, being nearly ready to return after accomplishing their religious visit in America; Our Friends Sam.l Enton, Will.m Savery, & two Women friends, going over with them; they all obtained Certificates at this Meeting.
Sitting with the Committee on Indian Affairs, I was concerned to open my Sentiments concerning the propriety of taking the situation of our Jersey Indians, under care, as well as those more remote from our dwellings: as I remember to have heard my father often mention the Indians Kindness to our Predecessors in the Jersey, when they were few, & the Indians many.
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4th. month. 3rd. [1796] I attended a Meeting held in a School-House over Cooper's Creek, a large and solid Meeting, which ended well. On the 5th. [4m.] I had a Meeting at a School-house near Gloucester, not very large on account of a Burial, & visited four families afternoon; and the next day five families, which closed our Visit to families of Newtown Meeting; about 90, to our comfort, & the satisfaction of those visited, for ought that appear'd. ---- 10th. [4m. 1796] I have visited several other sick persons, not without a reward, & had two pretty large Meetings in School-houses to god satisfaction.
11th. [4m. 1796] At our monthly Meeting I laid before my friends the continuance of a concern to pay a farther Visit within the Governments of New-York and Canada, which was referred to the next meeting.
13th. [4m. 1796] Visiting sick people, of whom there are many; and some die at short Warning: to me the season seems alarming, & I fear hardness of heart increaseth; with extortion in high prices, as though there would not be a living for the poor: Oh the Worldly spirit which prevails; Will not the Lord be angry, & stretch forth his hand more severely?
15th. [4m. 1796] Again, I have visited several who were under deep bodily infirmity; the State of whom caused serious contemplation concerning some circumstances: Some are falling out with one another by the way, contending about things which appear to be of so little worth inn a dying hour, that there is no name of a small enough Value to call them by. Oh that all would try to be rich in good Works!
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17th. [4m. 1796] I thought I saw the enemy had made an inroad amongst us by stirring up discord, and setting friends at variance with one another in strong parties, both pleading they were right: when it appear'd to me, both were wrong, & gave way too much to thinking evil; For this I was grieved, and laboured with both, to be at peace. The love of the world was the beginning of this: When that prevails, such are it's fruits.
19th. [4m. 1796] I have been visiting the sick: was humbled under a sense of the speedy calls from time to eternity, in this day of too general depravity. Many trying days I have to pass through; perhaps all for my good: these are not joyous; but if they the better prepare me for the Lord's work, his Will be done. At Pilesgrove Meeting the 21st. [4m.] I was enabled to do what I believed to be my part faithfully. The same day was at a place where a marriage dinner was soon to be provided for my youngest son, I had to open my mind on the subject of such entertainments freely, & with some weight: pressing the necessity of true Moderation, and advising against what has crept in relating to the ceremony of particular waiting on the Bride & Groom so called, My advice had a Place in the minds of those concerned; The company at that marriage was small, I attended, and was pleased to see a good degree of right order observed. Much loose and disorderly conduct at might be prevented by timely care, which should be exercised, by friends rightly concerned, whether elder or younger.
25th. [4m. 1796] For some days, Sorrow trials and grievous temptations have attended; Yet I believe I had some service amongst the poor, afflicted Widows and Fatherless Children, in and near Salem, whom I have visited. At Salem Mo.ly Meeting next day, I had much Labour both in Men's and Women's apartment to good satisfaction.
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I have had to review the Vanity which prevails with the young People of our time, and the Avarice & Extortion that seem visible among older Ones, which produce mournful feelings. Nor has it felt pleasant to my exercised mind to observe so much of the free use of Silk for clothing in our Country, which is so plentiful for Wool and flax; Might not these seem to be sufficient on many occasions, without showing the desire of over much delicacy. --- I have been at Greenwich and Woodberry Meetings, where Poverty was perceived, I fear the Truth is at a low ebb among too many of us.
5th. mo [1796] I have apprehended the Hearts of many professors resemble the stony ground; So that altho' favour to them is renewed, for want of depth in root they fall into old customs again.
Close work on answering the Queries in our Preparative Meeting; I feared that evasive answers to them, would be likely to become a Snare.
8th. [5m. 1796] I had to minister Sound Truths, tho' it seemed hard work; and hard for people to hear; yet I hope our Meeting ended Well to day. Next day was our Monthly Meeting: where my Concern mention'd last month was united with, and a certificate granted according to my prospect, signed with Unanimity. --- The day following I had a desire to See a number of friends come together at a suitable time & place, who had let in hardness one against another; which desire prevailed, so that a time was fixed, all uniting therewith except one person who had lost his right amongst us: He went to the others, with a view to discourage their attending, [------ Page 156 ------] and then told me he had seen them; that they did not purpose to attend neither did he: I said, he might use his Pleasure: I intend to go to the place, and if none came, I could sit quietly by Self, and had nothing prepared to say. Yet at the set time, the Friends all came, except that Man's Wife, and we had a favoured season which had a uniting tendency; I could say I was thankful for it, that I loved them, and did believe they loved me.
12th. [5m. 1796] The time is near approaching that I must leave near connections and all again, and be come as a Pilgrim, which I think is for the cause of Truth, & good of souls; Taking leave of my friends in much love at our week day meeting, many tears were shed; After I left home I found my mind severely turned, to try to be at Bordentown, and getting there, I had cause to believe it was right; though I see but little way before me.
15th. [5m. 1796] On first day I was at a pretty large Meeting there; and at Trenton another, in the afternoon: The last especially was a favoured season. I was now a little revived, believing I was in my proper place thus far. The next day at Lamberton, where is no religious Meeting held, nor Meeting house of any Sort, I had a large Meeting in an empty store-house, and feeling my heart so much enlarged in love to the People, I seem'd constrained to stand near two hours on my feet; which almost surprised me: it having been uncommon with me to stand above half so long; This was a highly favoured season, and many hearts were tendered; my mind was also bowed in thankful reverence before my divine Master: Many of different Ranks, both black and White came [------ Page 157 ------] to take leave of me, with tears trickling down: my tears also were mingled with theirs. It truly was a comfortable time. A more solid meeting, or greater attention, I think I never saw before at any time or place, than what was observable here on this occasion. Next day, travelling to Rahaway, I thought none had to feel more of inward poverty than poor e: yet as the Lord is not wanting to assist his devoted ones in the needful time, there is no cause for murmuring.
18th. [5m. 1796] At a kind friends house, there was sent in the afternoon a fine riding waggon with nice horses, for that friends wife and me to ride in to visit her mother and some others. I told her I had no objection to going, yet was not free to ride in that carriage, nor with such Horses; but I could go on foot, and she might ride in it, as a late rain caused the roads to be wet & unpleasant walking. This was a trial to us both, as she appear'd to be a good spirited woman: but I believed it best for me to hold forth my testimony for simplicity, and lowly mindedness. --- 19th. I was at Rahaway Monthly Meeting, and at an evening Meeting appointed by my Friend J. S. held here; These seemed to be laborious Seasos though attended by many friends on their Way to Yearly Meeting at N. York. Reaching to that city next day, I was somewhat comforted: many Friends kindly came to see me.
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21st. [5m. 1796] The Yearly Meeting of Ministers and Elders began, at wch were our Friends John Wigham and Martha Routh from Europe, with others out of other Parts; a second sitting thereof was in the afternoon, low times to me: I thought many of us were got into a state of easy indulgence in many things, and are not soon to be removed from Beds of Ease: I tried at it a little, yet not to much purpose. I hinted that the benefit & well ordering of this large Yearly Meeting, wou'd much depend on the wise Conduct of those in high Stations: guarding well their own Example & Conversation, and then watching over younger People carefully; checking their going on formal visits from house to house; that if favoured to receive a little good, they might lose it's Savour, or learn bad fashions or unprofitable Customs, by getting into Companies, and indulging Vanities, so as to be in danger of returning from such a Solemnity worse than when they came to it: That of sitting up late in the Evenings, & laying in bed late in the mornings I had also to mention my belief, it was unprofitable for Body and Soul. I thought this kind of Doctrine seemed rather hard or close for me to deliver among Brethren & Sisters of high rank in a large City, and though lately visited with alarming mortality, I fear too many are not enough humbled. 23d. [5m. 1796] The meeting of Business began, which in most of it's Sittings seem'd times of exercise, the Stream being low, as I thought; Members being too generally tinctured more or less with a Worldly Spirit, know not the proper value of the precious Truth, & thus become captivated, barren & dwarfish.
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At one Sitting of the select Meeting, on 4th day morning, The truth appeared to have comfortable dominion: My mind in the liberty thereof was emboldened to inform my brethren and Sisters of my exercise on observing a custom to prevail in the City which I thought was not right; and if I differed from all my friends in Sentiment I hoped I might be excused; It was that of employing men to do women's Work in houses, &c: That I did not doubt there being women enough, healthy, & capable of business if their minds were applied thereto, to do all that was necessary in Families: And as provisions were dear, and men's labour high rated, they had better be imployed in the fields, or out door business, than at Womens work; If the young Women were to be brought up in course of family industry, and to rise early in the morning, I believed it might contribute to health, and tend to fit many of them better for business, & the managing houshold affairs, if they should come to need that, than if brought up in an easy delicate Manner: having seen some such in my time who have been reduced to great hardship and unable then to minister to their own necessities; and perhaps there may be instances of this kind proceeding out of Families where men had been employ'd to do women's Work, and children indulged in a delicate idle life. Tho' my testimony on this head seemed to go hard with some to whom it might seem applicable, Yet I found it had the concurrence of many friends who expressed unity therewith. It was also proposed by one friend that a Minute of the substance of the concern be taken on their book which was agreed to. This was a memorable time, the Power of Truth in dominion, lofty Spirits chained down, the rich & great having to submit to the simple discipline prevalent in the present season.
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In a following sitting of Ministers & Elders the same concern was strengthened by others and friends in the city & country closely advised to attend to the Contents of what was taken on minute at the former Sitting. The Bow seemed (as I believed) to be at this season, renewed & strengthened by the Lord's Power, in the hands of some little Ones who had to shoot their arrows against the Queen of Pride. I did not find my self clear without also hinting my exercise on the growing Custom of friends having fine Carpets, and flowery Things in their rooms; which I believed were not brought into use by the dictates of simple Truth, and that a number of such matters might well be spared, and thus help be administerd towards warming and covering many of the Poor.
28th. [5m. 1796] The Yearly Meeting ended the 28th with a publick Meeting. I was exceedingly stripped that Evening; having to confess with the Prophet of Old, I am a Worm, and no man: So great was my poverty that I feared I should murmur; there seeming to be no sense of good left. But I tried to get into quietude, therein to know what further the Lord had for me to do. Next day being the first of the Week, there were held 3 meetings in the City: The last of which was appointed for the Youth of all descriptions: These were large and I thought ended well, yet not so highly favoured as some have been. Here I parted with my beloved Friends J. Wigham and M. Routh. each turning to our own Allotments in the Master's work, John, to Long-Island, Martha to the Northern Meetings in this Government, and I towards the Genesee Country & Upper Canada.
30th. [5m. 1796] Musing on the State of Things, I fear'd that since the late mortality, The People in this City are grown rather Worse than [------ Page 161 ------] better: This is cause of grief to many as well as myself, tho' I do not see I have any further to do in the Place. 5th mo. 31st. [1796] Next day I left New-York, as one having none Inheritance on earth; travelle about 40 miles to Croton River, and had a pretty large meeting that evening on Short Notice, which proved reviving, and satisfactory, believing it ended to the honor of Truth.
6th. mo. 1st [1796] I went about 40 miles further to a friend's House near the North River: and the next day, was at their week day Meet- at Swago, which was small, yet in measure favored; after which I visited an aged friend under bodily affliction: but in a heavenly frame of mind: Who, although his Pain was great, refused the taking of Laudanum as a medicine, lest it might tend to stupify his Senses, near the close of Life, by it's benumbing Effects; I much approved of his religious Caution herein: fully believing it has often been handed out by Doctors in an unrighteous manner; which in some instances may injure the clear understanding of departing Souls, in their last Moments. I am informed by a friend who says he had it from the Mouths of two merchants in N. York who were in Partnership, That in the Summer of last year, they imported from the East Indies Teas, and Silks: on which the duties which were to be paid, amounted to more than one hundred thousand Dollars. And as it is said much of those Duties goes towards defraying the expences of War, I do not see How friends can consistent with a clear testimony to that pure principle which stands against all cruelty and bloody measures, freely purchase and use the Goods, on which such [------ Page 162 ------] duties are laid; it being (as I take it,) generally agreed that those who use or consume the articles so circumstanced, do pay the Duties. Such are my tender scruples & Testimony; and so I leave it for others to look at, perhaps when I am dead and gone; believing it to be what was given me to bear, and attend to in simplicity and integrity of heart. Joshua Evens.
The 3rd. [6m. 1796] I proceeded on my Way and came to Z. Green's: had a solid time in his family: several young Women were there, & it was a satisfactory season. I also visited an aged woman friend, of a heavenly mind as I believed. I have to wait a little for a companion; feeling inward Calmness: This I take to be a divine Gift, to support a tottering mind.
5th. [6m. 1797] I was at the Creek Meeting (Ninepartners), where strength was given me to labour (I believe) to the honour of Truth, and my own comfort: next day my companion coming, we rode to Little nine Partners, and the day after that upon short notice, had a pretty large Meeting to good satisfaction, at Cattskil, amongst the Presbyterians.
8th. [6m. 1796] Crossing the North River here, we proceeded westward towards Unedilly: I felt myself as a Stranger in a strange land; yet perceived a little something which inwardly sweeten's the mind: The next day we went much the same Course, thro' a Wilderness where the Mountains were admirably high, which seemed awful; and travelling was very difficult among Roots, Rocks and Mire: Sometimes we [------ Page 163 ------] seemed to be surrounded in such a manner with mountains as though there would be no way. Here it was hinted to mind "Look not outwardly, but to the Lord, & the Path:" I then felt more easy, scarcely daring for a while to raise my head, or look about me. The Road also continued difficult the next day, but I was favour'd with a sweet calm: I thought perhaps many of my friends were in another way toiling themselves, in trying to get riches, & leave their Children rich, and I struggling along thus might come to die outwardly poor: But my mind was touched on this wise; Thy Riches come another way; if thou art faithful, thy reward shall be sure, and sufficient. ----- 10th. [6m. 1796] We crossed the River Susquehanna near Unedilly: Enquiring for a friend's house we had heard of: it being also near night, and receiving no account of him, it seemed a discouraging circumstance in a wilderness place; But going a little further on we obtained lodging; & were informed he lived about fifteen Miles distant. --- The following day about noon, we reached to Green Halls: Having now travelled near 160 Miles through a remarkable road for difficulties. I have no cause to murmur, feeling the Lord to be near as a kind Master. On the 12th. [6m. 1796] we had a Meeting at this house; and in the afternoon another in a School-house, which were considerable gatherings, and might be called Seasons wherein divine Goodness was dispensed; The solid & Quiet Sitting of the People, was comforting to me to behold. --- 13th. [6m. 1796] Had a Meeting at Zeb.n Smith's by the Unedilly River, among a People who were much unacquainted with friends. There was an appearance of much tenderness in these Meetings: and my heart was affected on hearing of the Cries of some of the Poor for want of bread; It seems they have an [------ Page 164 ------] extortionate teacher, or Priest, to maintain, and a great scarcity of grain here; Some have been (they say) several days without bread. Also some who went 30 miles to buy, & brought the Corn home on their backs. We called at one place, where was a woman and three Children besides one at her breast; whose husband was out seeking break. She said they had been two days without, and knew not when he would return. It was almost more than I could bear to hear of, & observe the situation of these poor Children; That called the House they sheltered in, was, a few logs put up, and brush thrown on the top; When it rained they suffered much, having to stand or sit the whole night, some times in the wet, and without fire.
14th. [6m. 1796] Had a Meeting in a place called Shenang, at T. Lions, about five Miles west of the Unedilly River, among a People not acquinted with friends; the gathering was so large, I wonder'd where all the People came from; In the afternoon, another at Green-Halls; these were favour'd seasons; in the last especially, the hearts of many were melted into tenderness. With respect to G. Hall & Lydia his wife, I had reason to believe (if they were faithful) the Lord would prepare them for usefulness in this wilderness Country.
16th. [6m. 1796] We now took leave of our friends of this place in much nearness: it seemed hard for them part with us: and travelled through a rough way to Ottego: here I met with some of my kinsfolk and acquaintance, and we were kindly received by a Son of John Sleeper's: The next day had a pretty large Meeting to good satisfaction [------ Page 165 ------] in a new barn of R.n Sleeper's: The day following at the same place we had one with those who professed, or had a friendly education, which ended to my comfort and theirs also: We found them in a tried Spot: Some who had come hither to settle, appearing in measure friend-like, had conducted in a shameful, dishonest way, rather drunken, and disposers of goods which were sent here damaged & of small value; endeavouring to cheat, & take advantage of Poor People &c: Such had left a stink behind them, and caused the way of Truth to be evilly spoken of, to the grief of some tender spirited little ones. O the mischief and wrongs some Traders are guilty of, profess what they may who send into those new Countries, Old Shops Goods, not easily to be sold in more populous Places; in this manner defrauding & oppressing Poor people & new Settlers; Will not the Cry of these corrupt deeds reach the ears of Heaven's King, and call for a scourge on the workers of such Iniquity. Having been an Eye witness & mourner on these accounts, or having cause to believe the Truth of such Complaints, I think I shall not stand clear in my duty, without making, and leaving remarks as things occur.
On first day the 19th. [6m. 1796] had a Solid quiet Meeting in the barn above mention'd which I thought ended to the honour of Truth: This was supposed to be the largest gathering ever known in these parts.
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20th. [6m. 1796] Visited several families and had a Meeting in S.l Sleepers Grist Mill, pretty large, but long in gathering, which hurt the service; it ended well. The people for quiet orderly sitting were remarkable.
21st. [6m. 1796] We went to see some families, two of which were my eldest Sisters daughters, they live at Otego: Also had a Meeting about eight miles up the creek at Nicho.s Coggeshal's, remarked for a time of favour. A deacon of the Baptist Society at the conclusion, said he could say, Amen, to the testimony which was preached; that not a word had been spoken but what he united with; and altho' he was old, he never had been at a friends' meeting before. I then returned to my beloved friends near Otego, named John Brightman, John Matthewson & Isaac Carr, who had Families; with others there who I think deserve the notice of friends: These have suffered much by the misconduct of some (as before hinted) who proved dishonest, and as stumbling blocks to tender enquirers.
23d. [6m. 1796] We had a farewell Meeting in Sleeper's barn; satisfactory. This being a time near our parting, we visited other families: some with tears expressed their Sorrow at our leaving them. Here are some tender-spirited little Ones, who felt near and dear, whose Condition for reasons aforesaid hath been trying.
24th. [6m. 1796] I was this day in a low state of mind: Rode to Cooper's-town on the east end of Otego; a Spot beautiful for Situation. Here unexpectedly, we were kindly received by Wm Cooper, then Judge of the Court, & his sister , altho' Strangers. He queried whether I stood [------ Page 167 ------] in need of Money, and if I did, he was willing to supply me, he said. also unknown to me, he wrote an Order, that if at any time, whilst in these northern parts, I should have occasion, I might draw on him, which he would cheerfully answer. -- Finding the roads very difficult, here I sold my waggon, & some other tings, and provided myself to ride on my mare, with the kind assistance of Judge Cooper & his sister; having cause to remember them both: we had a solid good meeting at this place, which to some, was a tendering season. The 25th. [6m. 1796] in the morning we left Cooper's-town, and travelled near 50 miles to Duane's-Bush; This was as trying as my nature could well bear Towards the latter part we came to a family of poor Irish people: Here we got down to rest ourselves & horses a little, it being very warm weather; and I much fatigued; Here tho' not at all agreeable, I thought we must stay that night: Yet were, after resting awhile, favour'd to reach Walter Briggs's, our desired Place. -- The next day, had two pretty large Meetings held in a Barn at Duanes-bush; one of which was a favour'd time; the other more exercising, the minds of the People being outward.
27th. [6m. 1796] We had a meeting at W. Briggs's, in a new framed house, which was large, & ended well; the people appearing solid. We have no cause to murmur: we want for nothing, The Lord being good, and doth marvellously open the way: Unto whom be all Glory & Praise, forever, Amen. We now propose to go up the Mohock river; but how far, we cannot say. [------ Page 168 ------] This W. Briggs is a friendly man; he lives near that River. I have been fearful on the account of some, who seem likely to acquire a large Share of outward wealth, whether it will not choke the good Seed in their minds, except great Care is taken to keep humble.
28th. [6m. 1796] This day we rode about 25 Miles to Thomas Almey's; and the next, had a smallish meeting in his barn, yet very quiet: The People were strangers to our Meetings and manner of Worship; as there never had been a meeting of the kind here before; and I believe this did not cause any dishonour to the Truth: I am now in a poor state of health; but with kind friends, resting a little; and feel my mind very calm: resigned to the divine Will.
7th. mo 1st. [1796] Travelling near 50 miles towards Whitstown, pretty comfortably, we reached that place on the 2nd [7m. 1796] before noon. There I met with my neighbor J. Cooper & other friends appointed to visit the Indians: And finding freedom to join them, we went in company that afternoon to an Indian Settlement called Brotherton: I understand the number of these Indians is about 200, They have Cows, Horses, oxen &c: hold as yet a Tract of god Land, about ten thousand acres, and have an yearly income paid by New-York Government of 2000 dollars for Lands sold thereto.--- We were comfortably entertained by an Indian named George Crosley; this is a kind family, speaking our language and we find their daughter can read and write pretty well.
As I have from my young years, been friendly disposed towards the Native owners of our American Lands, and especially since Religion began to have place in my mind, have been often concerned on ac- [------ Page 169 ------] count of the wrongs and unfair dealings of my brethren the white Settlers of different Ranks, with Traders &c, which have, I fear, taken Place in too many instances, to the great injury of the poor Indians; I have therefore thought it right to leave some remarks to posterity, here, and in other parts of my simple notes, of my Sentiments which have occured on this subject. It appears that in years back, some of the Indian Lands in this government where I now am, were by them rented to some white-people who settled thereon: After thus obtaining possession, it seems those professed Christian white settlers refused to go off their rented lands: also those who were in stations of government supposing, or pretending they could not easily remove them, even if the Indians were the sufferers; therefore advised that the lands be sold to the government; and to promote a Sale, perhaps an offer was made to the Indians, that an interest tho' much less than their Value or yearly Income should be paid them in lieu of their Lands: Now to turn the scale, & look at the treatment they have met with heretofore in some places; How do we suppose the White people would remove Indians, if they were to come intruding and settle on the real property of the Whites? Would it not be likely that the Method of expelling them by sword and gun would be adopted, without endeavoring to convince or shew them, that the mild spirit of Christianity leads men to do justly & strictly, to observe Equity one towards another in every nation where it prevails. To me it remains a serious cause of real Concern [------ Page 170 ------] that in a Country of Professing Christians, whose predecessors were permitted to come and settle on a part of the soil, allotted by Divine Providence to native owners who are our brethren of his Creation: Who have been renowned both before & since the corruption they imbibed through the Fraud & bad example of white men, to be in general, kind and hospitable, as well as remarkably punctual to their engagements: That these poor natives in so many instances should justly have cause to complain of wrongs, impositions, & unchristian treatment, through breach of contract, unjustly grasping after and obtaining their Lands, besides the great abuse and disadvantage they have received by the hateful practice of introducing strong Liquor, Whisky &c, among a weak, unguarded & uncivilized People: And that these Complaints should undeniably fix upon Men more knowing and civilized who if the Spirit of the religion they profess was attended to would find it incumbent on them to shew forth a very different Conduct, or a treatment and Disposition much more likely to instruct, civilize and convert those whom they term a savage & barbarous People.
7th. mo. 3rd [1796] To day we had two comfortable meetings at Brotherton, attended by many of the Indians, both men and women. This People, or many of them appear'd to have a deep sense of Favour. We parted with them in much Love, and went to another Indian Settlement called Stockbridge, lodging at the house of a Chief called Captain Hendricks.
4th. [7m. 1796] The Committee having agreed to hold a Council with the Stockbridge [------ Page 171 ------] Indians, I attended also. This was in consequence of Friends concern for their benefit & advancement in civilized life, and a desire to afford them some assistance by giving them implements such as axes, howes &c. This conference was not so satisfactory as we could desire; these Indians then shewing rather a coveting disposition, or looking for larger gifts from friends than was proper to expect, or for them to be supplied with so hastily: perhaps their expectations had been by some means imprudently raised before our coming to see them. --- Before we parted from this Council, so called, the Indians were informed that at two hours from that time, I proposed to have a meeting at the same place where we now met them. --- In consequence of which notice a large Number of them, men and women came together; It proved to be an exercising Season, life was much wanting; many of them were ignorant in our language, so that an interpreter was made use of, and I felt my self poor at parting. I understand that the Portion of Land wch these Stockbridge Indians possess, is said to be 23,000, Acres, and their number is about three hundred: Also that their yearly income from the Government is 600 dollars; which might yield them more benefit if a considerable part of it went not, or was not spent in Strong drink; which I suppose has manifestly been too often thee Case.
5th. [7m. 1796] Passing thro' the Town of the Tuscarara Tribe (who are but few or about 60 in number) we went to the settlement of Oneida Indians, where was held a Council so called. Things here were not very pleasant,, The Indians [------ Page 172 ------] seem at times unsteady & fickle; by some means they were not pleased, & the interpreter disordered with strong drink; these circumstances were very trying; But we informed them we were willing to have another meeting, which was proposed for religious worship in the afternoon. This happened to be more trying still; for the Interpreter was so drunken & poor a creature, I had but little freedom to speak by him, if suitable matter had opened; so that my Sorrow was increased on seeing so much drunkenness among Indians. From hence we returned to Stockbridge, & tarried there again that night; Captain Hendricks seems to be a chief of some consequence & reputation, & his wife a well behaved woman so far as I saw. ---- The Oneidas being the largest of the Nations, are computed six hundred in number. The Land they hold, called 150 thousand Acres, & their income from government yearly, five thousand dollars.
6th. [7m. 1796] The committee having goods to distribute among the Indians, the business was finished this morning at Stockbridge: and many both men and women coming to take leave; we had a favoured opportunity with them, wherein greater tenderness appear'd, than in any other Season since we came to visit them. We then went to the Place where three friends propose staying a while among the Oneidas to instruct them; with whom we had a solid parting season: after this, as many Indians were come together near our departure from the Place, My desire [------ Page 173 ------] was mention'd of sitting under Trees a little while with as many of them, both men and women as were willing to come together there, (shewing the place;) Upon which about 150 came; some of whom being painted Red, black &c, seemed to make a frightful Show as they sat on the ground; yet on the whole, their appearance was then more solid than at the former times when we were with them: so that our parting with the Oneidas, was in a way Mostly friendly: And yet as a portion of Death and darkness was perceived rather than a pleasant feeling among them on these Visits: altho' perhaps in their way of civility, their custom of saying, Yough, is to give assent to what they hear deliver'd to them, yet to me it was unpleasant at this time; and I have my doubts concerning some things. This afternoon we went on about 12 miles towards the Onondagoes; and having to lodge at an Indian Tavern, it seemed to be a poor time: Yet I felt my mind quiet in a good degree, which I esteem a high favour in these times of Trial.
The Tuscaroes hinted of before, live on the Oneidas Land, and have about two hundred acres allotted them: and it is said a proportion of 4,500 dollars, perhaps, annually from the government. I understand that murdering one another when involved in drunkenness, frequently happens among Indians in these parts. Oh that White People may be concern'd to conduct so towards them, as not to be found chargeable with Guilt on account of the Sins of Indians.
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8th. [7m. 1796] After riding about 18 Miles further, a Council (as they call it) was held among those called Onondago Indians: These seemed not well pleased; as we found they upon some grounds had expectations of larger gifts or help from friends than they were now likely to obtain; This was trying again, and my feelings were unpleasant & mournful; O the necessity of prudence and wise steering, if we propose to be useful to these uncultivated fellow Men.
9th. [7m. 1796] We now set forward towards the Cayuga Lake on a visit to those called Cayuga Indians living there, who seemed poor and miserable & like the others, disappointed in their expectations; We found their chiefs were not at home, and that the end of our coming could not be answered to day, we proposed tomorrow to have a meeting with some White People dwelling near, 10th. [7m.] So it being first day, we met & sat comfortably with a little gathering; it being a favoured season: here were some of the scattered little ones, with whom my heart was tenderly affected. In the afternoon we went to meet with the Indians, having spoken to them on the subject the day before: and altho' none came at the time proposed, we sat down, and I may say I was comforted in our Sitting & concluded we had done well, though these poor creatures were very much ignorant of what we mean by Worship.
On the 11th [7m. 1796] a few Indians met with us in Council, who appeared miserable, and some of them, I thought, then disorder'd with strong drink: we had but little satisfaction, as they were looking for Gifts &c.
Parting with them, I went from hence down the Cayuga lake, & crossing the ferry, came to a small Village, called Geneva, where we lodged at [------ Page 175 ------] a tavern. --- 12th. [1796] From thence next day, to Canadocway; and tarrying a while at Israel Chapin's (who is the Indian Agent) we went on to Nathan Cumstock's, near Mud-Creek in the Genesee County.
14th. [7m. 1796] At this place we had a Meeting in the forenoon, and one in the afternoon which were pretty large; & solid favour'd seasons. Then we went on to Abm Lapham's. 15th. [7m. 1796] We visited several families at, and near Mud-Creek. Then to Nathanl Aldrigdes. This seems to be a low flat Country, the water unwholsome, & the Place sickly. Some asked me if I was not afraid of being sick; I told them I thought I was not for I enjoy'd a quiet mind, which I esteemed a great blessing; more especially when I am in the Lord's service. --- 15th. [7m. 1796] Next day at Jonn Smith's, we had a large and favoured Meetng, in which much tenderness appeared among both old and young, a comfortable season to many. This was about four Miles from Canadocwey.
16th. [7m. 1796] At Willm Ingle's in the forenoon we had a pretty large meeting, which was comfortable. And in the afternoon in the at Canadocwy we had another: in the Court house, not so large, nor so much favour'd; yet it was agreeable to observe the people sat commendably quiet and attentive.
17th. [7m. 1796] Leaving this place, we travelled for five days towards Philadelphia, through an unpleasant mountainous Country, me with poor fare for men & horses & mean lodgings; sometimes on the floor, with swarms of fleas, &c; a Scarcity of bread was also apparent.
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7th mo. [1796] Expences in travelling mount high; the road uneven and mirey in Places: We are all favourd with health, being five in number & have travelled in the five days, near two hundred miles. Many of the people through this back country of late seemed to be of the ungodly sort; and less room to receive the Principles of Truth, than I have seen in my eastern Travels of near 7,000 miles; Tho' we have among them met with some who were more friendly. On looking back over my travels, I believe I have endeavour'd honestly to discharge the trust the Lord reposed in me, tho' the ability he afforded: Blessed forever be his great and holy Name, who faileth not to help in the needful times, and rewards with the answer of sweet peace.
24th. [7m. 1796] We are now at Munsy in Pennsylvania: have attended a large Meeting among my friends & others, and had close Labour, wch seems to be well received. At Blooming-Grove (or Pine-Grove) the next day, we visited a few friends who are lately come there: they appear thoughtful in some degree, & have a pretty large flock of youth & innocent Children; This is N. Westward of Munsy, towards the Allegany Mountain: Here the day following we had two meetings: one of them with our friends selected; and the other for all that pleased to come; which, tho' attended with close Labor were measurably satisfactory: much openness appear'd amongst them to hear the world preached, & many signified their Unity.
27th. [7m. 1796] Visited some families at Muncy to satisfaction.
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28th [7m. 1796] At Muncy we had a Meeting, the largest (they say) ever seen at that Place, many more people than the house held, and one the same day with friends by themselves; I had much labour this day, my Shirt being wet with sweat, It was an humbling season: -- Visited some families also.
29th. [7m. 1796] We travelled hard to reach to the Meeting at Fishing-creek, near 20 Miles; it was large and solid, being the first held in their new house. In my wearisome travel I have in many places found that Truth was at a low ebb, though People have sat commendably quiet, yet some new & uncultivated have attended.
30th. [7m. 1796] Travelled hard again to reach Berwick, a little village on the N. East branch of Susquehanna, where in the afternoon, had a Meeting: it was pretty large, and held in the Court-house Chamber (Northumberland County:) the People appear'd well satisfied. A few friends dwell here, but no meeting settled.
31st. [7m. 1796] We went down the river in a boat which friends provided to go to meeting at Catawissey town to which they belong, the distance called 15 miles: This boat had in it 30 people, & would carry more. They frequently attend their meeting in this way, and have to push back up stream when they return: I mention this to encourage others, that they may not let small matters prevent their diligence in divine Worship. -- This being first day, we were at Meeting with friends and others at Catawissey, which was not so favoured a season as many others.
8th mo. 1st. [1796] The next day we met with friends selected from others: It was a humbling season to many, tending to unite us nearly in Love to each [------ Page 178 ------] other. After meeting visited some, sick, aged & infirm people to my comfort & theirs. --- 2nd. [8m. 1796] The next day we went to Roaring-creek meeting; a solid and favoured time. Near it's conclusion I requested Friends not to go out when others did, for I thought a little fragment remained for them. Here was a considerable number of Young people, who sat solidly, as did the Parents. A time not soon to be forgotten, I hope. -- After visiting some aged people, and tender little ones acceptably, I returned to Catawissey. 3rd. [8m. 1796] & the day following, attended their week-day meeting: I thought it was a solid season, also visited some aged & infirm people.
(I was this day at the week day meeting at Catawissey which was a comfortable time;) The next Morning leaving this Place in two days, I travelled through those called Blue Mountains, (a rough road, & I was poorly & much fatigued, the distance near fifty Miles) [------ Page 179 ------] 7th. [8m. 1796] to Maiden-Creek: On first day I was at that Meeting; it was not very large, but an humbling season to many hearts of the Youth and others; I believe it is not one that will be forgotten soon by the youth especially: This is mention'd to the Lord's praise; I know that not any thing is due to mortal man: It is often my lot to enter the meeting-houses as an empty vessel; my joints nearly trembling, for fear any thing through me should give occasion for the holy cause to be lightly spoken of: Let not the Lord's faithful servants or Handmaids fail of being watchful, & dependent on him in the most stripping seasons; so shall we know an establishment on the sure rock further and further.
9th. [8m. 1796] From Maiden-ceek I went to a meeting in the town of Reading In Berks County; which was large, and I may say, solid: Here (as has been common where I have travelled) were all sorts that chose to come; some from curiosity to see, & to hear a Man who wears his beard. This circumstance has given me as large opportunity to see the people whom I should not otherwise have seen. This Meeting, I believe ended well; Let the praise be given to him who is our Holy Helper. The next day, I was Robinson Meeting on the west side of Schuylkill river; Tho' it was not large, it was a solid & favoured season; many hearts being tendered.
11th. [8m. 1796] I was next at Exeter; not a large meeting, and long in the gathering; when assembled it was but a poor low time. [------ Page 180 ------] I thought I was sensible of a dry lukewarm state; which is but too common amongst the highly favour'd People called Quakers: O how the customs, the love and the spirit of the world have caused dimness in some places. ---- 12th. [8m. 1796] The following day I had a small meeting at Potts-town; I thought the number of Women was largest here, & they the most tender. I had close labour amongst them, which was well received, and I thought the meeting ended to the honour of the good cause: Divers gay people attended & sat solidly.
13th. [8m. 1796] From hence I travelled to Richland in Bucks County, in an exercised & low state of mind, and 14th [8m.] was at two pretty large meetings there on first day, thou I thought the truth was not permitted to come much into dominion, either in the fore - or afternoon. ---- 15th. [8m. 1796] From this place I went to Plumstead, and had a meeting, pretty large; but so poor and low a time, I was almost ready to think all was over with me: I had less opinion of preaching; desiring the people might have time to think of their condition, and to seek for renewing of Strength: Are not many under our name in a self secure state, Seeming to need nothing. ---- 16 [8m. 1796] The next Meeting I went to was at Buckingham, which was very large, but laborious indeed; Here I was sunk very low in my mind, began to think I was worse off than in remote parts, or amongst the Indians: and near ready to say, Are we the worst of all People, who above al, have been so peculiarly favored of the Lord. Oh, Ease, lukewarmness and worldly Spirit, [------ Page 181 ------] What havok have ye made! It almost seemed to day as though I had done with preaching. Yet there is a little hope that I am not forsaken.
17th. [8m. 1796] I next day attended a Sitting of select members at the same place, who belong to that Monthly Meeting: which ended well; I believe the Truth reigned over all. Here I was helped to Labour in the Lord's Cause, with Weapons of his own preparing;; The arrows came so sharp against wrong things, that at length there was a yielding and confessing, until hidden matters were laid open: Glory to his great Name now & forever. ------ 18th. [8m. 1796] I went the next day from Plumstead, to a Monthly Meeting, (not belonging to Bucks Quarter) Here, observing the State of their Business and the management of it, there was really cause of lamentation: When life and Power is wanting, but little can be done to the Lord's honour, in the affairs which relate to discipline in his church.
[Note: for the following entry, there is a marginal note reading "obscurely expressed" that may refer to Evans's original notes, that involves a number of possible substitutions written above two words in the entry. The words may also be edits of Warrington if he felt that that Evans's language was unclear. Here, the words written above are in parentheses immediately following the words they may be meant to replace, though there are no such parentheses in the manuscript]
19th [8m. 1796] I also attended a general Meeting held there. At this time I thought it was given me to see clearly, there was a danger in being too free in the use of A liberal flow of words in ministry; I fear there is a possibility of (that) some, except (unless) they are better guarded, and speak not without the Spirit's pure influence, that they will be in danger of uttering Words in publick resembling common talk, or of gratifying itching Ear, instead of raising the witness of life in the Souls of the lukewarm & disobedient.
20th [8m. 1796] Travelling towards Wrightstown, I was poor, wading as in the deeps: Thinking that as I now feel, I can scarcely ever open [------ Page 182 ------] my mouth in the Lord's cause any more.
21st [8m. 1796] Coming to Wrightstown, I attended their Meeting on first day. Preaching seems to be looked for by many People, and that of a smooth kind pleases best; this makes hard labour for those who singly seek to serve the great Master uprightly: I think I have not been more sensible of this, than since I came nearer hence: There are large Meetings: but I have been at some much smaller, comparable to the two or three, with Minds truly turned to seek the fountain of life in themselves, which have been much more favored with the divine presence.
22d. [8m. 1796] The next day, had a Meeting at Makefield: A very comfortable season it was to myself, and to friends in general, I believe. My mind has not been favour'd with such a sweet enjoyment of divine Goodness since I came into this Country: Blessed be the Great Shepherd of Israel: If the tender-hearted little ones hold on their Way, I believe there will be a growth in the truth to some in this Meeting.
23d [8m. 1796] At Middletown there was held a large Meeting which ended well; and tho' laborious, I believe the Truth was in dominion over all, to the tendering of many both Young and Old. I had a pleasing prospect of some being brought forward into usefulness who, if they keep their places may be made as Pillars that shall go no more out.
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24th [8m. 1796] This was the select Meeting held at the Falls for Bucks Quarter, at which I attended. It appeared to be a lively time: and I thought that many things were well handled: It was agreed as the general Sense of friends to form the answers in the Meeting which are to be sent forward to our Queries; Pausing weightily on each query, after reading it, and then endeavouring to represent the real State; not seeking to hide or screen ourselves by evasive Answers. The impropriety was opened of friends making too great provision at Qu. Meetings &c, by preparing many Sorts of dishes, often changing Plates, causing needless Work: The necessity was also hinted of the foremost rank beginning to prepare, & lead the way towards true moderation and temperance, their example being likely to have a powerful influence. ---- 25th. [8m. 1796] On the day following was held their Qu.ly Meeting for Business; wherein at this time the Stream of Truth's discipline was low, as I believed: and I was ready to say, Alas, Alas; and so to almost give out trying to labor for the benefit of the Cause I had been engaged in. -- But going to see some poor little Ones in the afternoon, I was a little comforted, and strength renewed, for I believe we were own'd by the Master in some of our conferences, on weighty subjects.
26th. [8m. 1796] I likewise attended their Youth's Meeting at the Falls: poor and low to some of us; yet no lack of preaching. I did believe a weighty Silence might have done more good at that time, perhaps [------ Page 184 ------] and yet I leave these things to the Judge of all the Earth. That evening I crossed Delaware to my son in law's; and the next day came home, finding my family in health; which with many other favours I have witnessed in my absence from them, I feel there is great Cause of humble thankfulness to the God and Father of all our mercies. --- Though, with respect to my outward home, I feel myself but as a Sojourner or Pilgrim, Because of a Prospect having been weightily opened to me, relating to a religious visit toward the Southern Parts of this Continent before Long, if my health admits, and the way should be prepared with Clearness.
28th. [8m. 1796] At our meeting on first day, tho' I with my friends rejoice to see each other, (I believe never more so) as I have been absent three months and more; yet we sat in silence, a degree of mutual sympathy being felt.
31st. [8m. 1796] I have visited several friends; have had serious thoughts concerning reformation; and have believed those who go foremost in the work to real Profit, must pass thro' great exercises for self must become of no reputation, before we can bear the cross & despise the shame for Jesus Christ's sake; And as it was with our worthy fore-fathers, Great trading, and many worldly concerns, then will be a great Burden: "Fine houses and rich furniture an Eyesore," with Sumptuous living, rich Tables, many dishes, great attendance, and a lordly way of getting thro' the World &c, &c.
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In much sympathy with my fellow-members, my Spirit hath for some years been deeply exercised on account of the state of things in our society: And I have sometimes feared that wrong things of late have grown fast among friends in a time of Peace plenty and Ease. Surely if we let hurtful weeds grown, they check the growth of good seed; So will wrong things, if we entertain them, check our Progress in the narrow Way that leads to life: In that way, though strait & narrow, there is liberty enough: And when we through a patient coming to wear the Cross of Christ, come to experience the Liberty of the blessed Truth, we may be then freed from that worst of all Burdens, the world, and the idolatrous love thereof.---- Oh that, if by here leaving a few sentences of my earnest desire, as a call to the beloved Youth of our day, I could prevail with many of them to come taste and see how good the Lord is, to those who fully surrender their hearts to his service; Then would your experience of his matchless Love be sweet, and this language would often breathe forth, "Thy Ways are ways of pleasantness, O Lord, and all thy Paths are Peace:" At thy right hand are rivers of Pleasure, forever more: For although the Lord may see meet to hand unto you some of the Wormwood and the Gall to partake of, Yet he will so sweeten the Cup to his little Ones who are his sincere followers, that you will scarcely perceive the Bitters: My soul in deep reverence can say, his Sweet Peace for obedience for submitting to his requiring, has been sweeter than the [------ Page 186 ------] Honey-comb. --- Oh that it was the happy experience of all people, to submit to the refining Operation of the Grace which is inwardly revealed; Then might they come to know the in-dwelling of the peaceable Spirit of holy Jesus: This would put an end to the quarrelling, & Jarrs, to hard thoughts and hard Speeches, and introduce in us the coming of his Kingdom: Men would thus be taught and enabled to love enemies, & to bear reviling for Christ's sake: without reviling again: They would find no better way to gain Victory, than by overcoming evil with good. However hard this doctrine may seem to be to the natural Will of Man, many living Witnesses certainly know, that a state of this kind is attainable: Therefore let no man's or Woman's heart fail them: All have the offer of divine Grace and Assistance to overcome the evil part, & none are excluded who are willing to close in, & obey the teaching, thereof; working while their day of Visitation lasteth; and often bearing in mind, that "The night cometh, wherein no man can work." - O that this might in some degree serve as a loud, loving call, to my fellow-pilgrims, and sojourners throughout the Land.
9 mo. 3d. [1796] I Attended the monthly Meetings at Mount-holly and Evesham in this Moth: I thought it seemed to be low Times, especially at the first of them. At the select Meeting for Evesham on the 10th [9m.] I had close labour in true Love, respecting the things which have [------ Page 187 ------] appear'd to me superfluous, and inconsistant with our ancient testimony, relative to eating, drinking, wearing, using, &c, similar to what I have free to hint of elswhere in the minutes I have made; and my present concern was well received as I believe.
The same day I visited a couple newly married, who had both of them former companions; The woman was poor, & the Man deemed rich; I was concerned to speak closely on the snares and disadvantages which have frequently attended second marriages, and the Necessity there is for such Persons living steadily in the Lord's fear; and guarding against tempers, & party views about worldly interest, where they had children by former marriage: The woman was tender-spirited and shed many tears: and I warned the man to beware of cramping her.
12th. [9m. 1796] I returned my certificate at our Monthly Meeting, and gave my Friends some account of my late journey & exercises. I also let them know that as I returned homewards, a Prospect had opened afresh, which I had a glimpse of before, & had told my wife, Yet it seemed taken away from me after that: which was, of paying a religious visit to the Meetings of friends, & such service otherwise as way might open for in the Southern parts, the Carolina's, &c. Wherewith my Friends concurred, and directed a certificate to be prepared, the meeting adjourning for the purpose.
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About this time there was many sickly, a number of whom I visited. One woman being in great distress of mind, expressed herself after this manner, (expecting her stay on earth would not be long) "I did not think I had been so great a sinner until now." May it serve as a warning to may: I have heard piercing lamentations near their End, from others before I heard this womans expressions: The cry of some has been, Alas! Alas! What that I do." O the benefit of rightly making use of precious time.
19th. [9m. 1796] My certificate was signed by a large number of my friends, and 23d [9m.] at our quarly Meeting it was indorsed with approbation of friends there. After that I prepared for my journey: tho' at times I was under great poverty of spirit; had the company & sympathy of several friends who came to See us; and in the midst of my exercised, I fell the Lord near for my strength and Support, Blessed be his name, who is the God of Abraham, of Isaac and Jacob.
4th of 10th mo. [1796] Now I had to take an affectionate leave again of my dear wife and all my outward connections, in obedience to the Master's call, as I believe, and though poor in Spirit, was favoured with a sweet calm. I crossed the Delaware to Philadelphia, proced'd [by?] Wilmington, towards the Susquehanna river; When I crossed the ferry there, two black men who were Slaves took me over: my mind enclined to pay them also, after paying ferriage to their Master. I reached to Bal- [------ Page 189 ------] timore on the 7th. [10m. 1796] The Yearly Meeting of Ministers and Elders began next day: 8th. [10m. 1796] It was thro' the Course of it's Sittings & the Sittings for business in the next Week a time of suffering to me; & I believe I had brethren and Sisters in like Situation not perceiving the Truth to rise into hight & dominion. I had a little Strength to discharge my trust in the way I am led, in speaking among the Select Members on the liberal use of Wine and smoking Tobacco; this was in the first sitting, and I believe was not rejected by a remnant, after which I bore my burden mostly in silence through the Sittings. O Lord, be pleased to keep my head above the Waters, & leave me not in the most trying Seasons, wch thou mayest permit to come, and then my soul shall bless and praise thy adorable Name. ------
Perceiving my mind drawn to endeavour if I can to attend the yearly Meeting in North-Carolina, I left Baltimore (having company provided) and went thro' a storm to a poor little Meeting at Elk-ridge. 16th [10m. 1796] That afternoon & next day reached to Alexandria in Virginia and had a large meeting in the evening: where divine favour was witnessed: & I believe the Truth was over all.
23d. [10m. 1796] Passing forward to Roen Oak was at Meeting there on first day, at which were a large number of black People who sat solidly: On discoursing after meeting with several of them, I found the manner they are treated as to food, Clothing & otherwise [------ Page 190 ------] was mean, & attended with considerable hardship and difficulty. my mind was touched with Sympathy and a tender feeling for their Condition. 25th. [10m. 1796] Reaching to Burleigh we were favoured with a solid comfortable Meeting there. Since I left Baltimore until I came here, my friend Charity Cook & her Sister Susanna from South Carolina have been in Company with me, to good Satisfaction, we now parted: 26th [10m. 1796] and with the friend who bore me Company I had a Meeting at Black-water, which was in measure solid and pretty large. On the 28th [10m. 1796] we also had a pretty comfortable meeting at a Place called Seacock; And the day following one at the Western Branch; this was a time of very close searching, perhaps to some profit: I understood that two young men here who never had been at one of our Meetings before, were considerably reached & Affected. ---
30th. [10m. 1796] We now came to Little River in North-Carolina and attended a meeting there: & the next day began their Yearly Meeting of business at the same place; The first sitting appear'd to me a low season but in the next I thought business was conducted rather better, & in the Sittings of this yearly Meeting, there was much condescension among friends. The testimony against the improper use of Distilled Spirits & the making of such Liquors hath not risen high in this Meeting, altho' friends had the subject before them, I was with a Committee on the revival of their discipline [------ Page 191 ------] and had some satisfaction, perceiving room to deliver my Sentiments in a close way, on several subjects. nevertheless it was rather a suffering Season tho the Week. But there a considerable number of the tender, honest-hearted Friends.
3rd. [11m. 1796] I had a large Meeting at New-begun Creek in Pasquotank Coty: many of the people could not get seats in the house. Many of the blacks or Slaves were at the meeting who sat in a solid manner; appearing more humble than many of the whites: Yet I believe it was a season of divine favour. I understand the slaves in these parts, though they fare hard with those who hold them, are commonly of longer lives than the white People, who live sumptuously on the fruits of their Toil: The Slaves allowance for a week is in many instances confined to a peck of indian Corn for one grown person, to cook it as they can, without meat, fat or other addition; My heart was often tenderly affected at their condition. -- 5th. [11m. 1796] Next I had a large Meeting at the Narrows Pasquotank, mostly not Friends. The people sat solid, and the meeting ended to satisfaction. --- 6th. [11m. 1796] On first day I was at a very large Meeting at Symonds-Creek; one third part was supposed to be of Blackks; a number were here of people who had not been at one of our Meetings before. It was a solid Season, ending well, and appeared to general Satisfaction. After this Meeting we visited a Member the Legislature: & treated on the subject of slavery, and their unrighteous Law which justifies [------ Page 192 ------] the taking up and selling such for Slaves again, who are set free, altho' by conscientious Persons who are not free to hold them in Slavery: It afforded me comfort that he acknowledged that Law to be unjust, hoped for its alteration, & proposed to use what influence he had for it's repeal.
7th. [11m. 1796] Our next Meeting was at Sutton's-Creek, large, solid and satisfactory: In these meetings I have been engaged in close Service, which seems well received. From place to place I partake of spiritual Poverty, Yet am not left with out a Hope in the Lord, who putteth forth and goeth before: Blessed be his glorious Name forever --- 8th. [11m. 1796] The next day two large Meetings, in Pasquotank County, one at Wells's and another at Beach Spring: so large that the houses did not near hold the people. On the 9th. [11m. 1796] we were at Piney-woods Meeting; This also was large, and to me exercising. At these Meetings many black people attended, who behaved solidly. I then had to turn back into Virginia again, about 36 miles to Jesse Cowpland's. On our way thither, it was affecting at different Places, to observe the situation of the poor Slaves, Men, Women and Children: a number of little ones quite naked, many others who were grown up nearly so, or their covering little better then tattered rags: I seems as though a continuance in Scenes of [------ Page 193 ------] Cruelty harden the hearts of unrighteous Slave-holders; But how they will answer for the Sin's attending this odious Business, when brought to the bar of a righteous Judge, is a Subject that occasions awfulness to serious Christian minds.
11th. [11m. 1796] We were now at a pretty large Meeting at Somerton, nearly one third were black people, & they, as well as others sat solid: this was a satisfactory season, and many appeared tendered: close doctrine was delivered on behalf of Truth's cause, & seemed to be well received. The 12th. [11m. 1796] Attended a select Meeting of the Quarter held at Western-Branch, in much poverty. I believed there was a want of more living zeal amongst it's Members.
13th. [11m. 1796] Then had a large Meeting composed of people of different Colours, which was held in Suffolk Courthouse, many more came the house did hold; It was a solid & favour'd Season; satisfactory in general I believed; But one family of friends dwelt here at this time. From hence we returned to the Widow Ann Scotts', near the Western branch. Who being able & open-hearted, is about building a new Meeting-house at her own expence. My affectionate desire for her is that she may be preserved, so as to retain a blameless, character in the important Station she stands.
The 14th. [11m. 1796] was their Quarly Meeting for business here: dull and exer- [------ Page 194 ------] cising: I had close labour with Men and Women, perceiving barrenness among them: I hope it had some good effect on some of the youth & others, but I leave it. That Evening had a meeting for the black people in a School-house near the Widow Scotts': It was the first of this kind that was ever held in these parts, being large; One of the Justices attended, & some other Masters of Negroes. It was a solid favoured time and these spake well of the Meeting: some of them said they should be very free their Negroes should be at such meetings, and were glad they had been there themselves, uniting with what was spoken, and wishing it might be observed. ---- 15th. [11m. 1796] We next travelled from hence to Bennets Creek, near the sea shore; and the next day had a large and favour'd Meeting there; Also the same afternoon another at the Widow Bufkins, likewise large for the place, as well as solid and satisfactory. Some of the people seemed rejoiced, not having much opportunity to be at friends Meetings. We parted with them very lovingly.
17th. [11m. 1796] Our next Meeting was at the South Branch, a very exercising Season: I thought the desire of some was, that smooth things, or peace might be spoken to them, believing they were too much in a whole State, & that there was but little room for labour. --- But how can there be peace, where Pride and Oppression abound; The slaves having to bear the burden; many of them sorely oppressed with want of proper Clothing, Food &c, under Taskmasters, whose religion seems to be in talking: The Land Barren or nearly worn out, and their manner of Cultivation and Management but poor: So that the [------ Page 195 ------] Prospect of Things here looks gloomy every Way. It is a trying circumstance to me, to See the naked Bodies of slaves and cold weather near, While the Sons of their Oppressors, in an idle life, appear so different: and their haughty daughters with stretched forth necks, and wanton looks, their long-tailed gowns, trailing, as tho' some of them might spare something to put on the naked bodies of those who wait upon them.
18th. [11m. 1796] We next had a small meeting near the great bridge at Robert Pool's to Satisfaction: After which I had solid conversation with some gay women respecting their manner of dress, at a house where we were kindly entertained; [my?] Freedom with them seemed to be well taken: They appeared somewhat religious, but I thought they wanted depth. they were not acquainted with friends, nor our principles. One thing I mention'd for them to consider was, Whether some of the Stuff in their Gown tails, & the price of superfluous ribbonds, might not well be spared to put something on the naked bodies of little blacks, &c. It was a solid season, and not resented, though I suppose they never heard such sentiments before; We parted very friendly: rode in the Evening about 15 Miles. and had a solid time with E. D. who said he was born at Egg-harbor in Jersey.
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22d. [11m. 1796] We had a large and solid meeting at the Widow Britts', in Camden County N. Carolina, a place where never had been held one of our Meetings, and but few of the people who ever had attended at one. --
The next day also we had a large and favoured meeting in the same County, at the widow Richardson's: These seemed a kind people, much unacquainted with our Way, and many hearts were tendered: I believe it was a time not to be forgotten by some.
24th. [11m. 1796] At Piney-Woods, we attended Friends preparative meeting: Here I had close Labour, things appearing in a low state: I endeavored to stir them up to a more lively Zeal for the cause and Testimony of truth; which they appeared to receive well. On the next day was the Select Meeting at the same place, for their Quarterly Meeting. My concern was to stir up to the pure part on the right education of Children and Families, that becoming plainness might be kept to, and they be good examples themselves, in their houses, furniture &c. --- The day following was held their Quly Meeting for business: Here, I believe the State of my friends in a religious sense was poor, but little life & power: I laboured both amongst Men and women in my small ability, for their help, and I hope it ended to some profit at last: tho' a trying time. ---
27th. [11m. 1796] I went from hence to Little-River, being a second time: and was at Meeting there on first day, which I believe ended well. And in the afternoon had a Meeting in the Court-house of Pasquotank County; at which were many people, of black and White; It was a season of [------ Page 197 ------] general satisfaction. Many in great tenderness signified their Unity with me & my service; and some sincerely craved for my staying that night in their town: but I was easiest to leave them, as in the hand of the Lord.
28th. [11m. 1796] Had a meeting at the Old-neck, somewhat small, yet favour'd and still. 30th. [11m. 1796] Leaving Piney-Woods, we travelled to Rich-Square, and 12th mo. 1st [1796] the next day, had a large Meeting there, which to me was very exercising. On the day following, at the request of some of the Baptists, we had a Meeting in their Meeting-house; which was satisfactory, & I believe ended well; being larger than I expected, in wet weather, and the notice given being but small. 3rd. [12m. 1796] Next, we were at a Monthly Meeting at Jack's Swamp; It was but small: some solid friends dwell here: who seem rather in a weak State, and are in need of help: I laboured among them according to measure, & they expressed unity with my Service.
4th. [12m. 1796] We tarried at their first day meeting, which was large, and mercifully favoured: then went forward to Hallifax; The day following riding near 50 Miles towards a town called Rawleigh, the day after that we came to it, Where the General Assembly for North-Carolina were sitting; & we found some friends at the place, desiring to endeavor for an alteration the cruel Laws relative to the Negroes. Having felt my mind much concerned on the subject, I was willing to join my endeavours to theirs.
7th. [12m. 1796] We attended the House of Common Council, had many private Conferrences with Members, who received us friendly, yet seemed mostly opposed to the freedom of black People.
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I was endow'd by my Great Master with an innocent boldness, in which I could use great freedom in solid conversation, with the most leading men; for they mostly quartered where we did; which gave me a full opportunity to relieve my oppressed mind. 8th. [12m. 1796] The prospect seems gloomy, whether any thing can be done at this time for the Relief of our distressed fellow Men, yet I would not have my friends here be discouraged: The Cause is Surely good; And I have no doubt but way will be made for this poor people's liberation, but what way, or how Soon must be left to the Lord. My mind was turned to think of trying for a religious public Meeting in the place which some of those we conversed with, spake in favour of, if the Way should be opened, and the Business they were met on, would admit of it: It was also thought the house where they sat in would be the most suitable place; But after waiting a while to see how matters would turn with respect to a publick opportunity, it seemed scarce likely to be obtain'd in the present Circumstances. I was therefore the more free to make use of private opportunities with the Members of the Legislature and others; which was to my own satisfaction & to theirs, as far as I saw: There being here now a large collection of those of the first rank, Gentlemen, so called: most of them being Men in some Office, Civil or military. I thought the respect they shewed me was marvellous: For my simple Appearance, singular as it was, some of them confessed it was instructive to them; that their own Conduct and way of living was luxurious, & they allow'd much might be spared; Saying that I looked as well s they did, altho' they had great variety of roasted, baked, & boiled provisions &c; whilst mine was about half a pint of milk and [------ Page 199 ------] as much water, morning, noon and night without any flesh; Boarding at one house, we generally sat at one Table. Some at first looked at me with astonishment, and tho' they had never seen the like, said they believed, or did not know, but it was the right way of living, but it would be hard for them to submit to. As they had private Rooms, a number of them invited me (as it was at a tavern we were, & near 50 boarders all men of Note.) that if at anytime I was weary of noise & craved to me more retired, I might freely come into their rooms, & sit with them; & that they should be pleased if I would make so free. All this seemed to be in my favour to furnish me, when my mind was so engaged, with opportunities to touch on their cruel Laws, the hardships & inhuman cruelties to which the poor blacks were Subjected in that Government &c. I queried of them Why Things should be in such a severe Way here, more than in any other Place that I had heard of: For I had been thro' each of the Governments Eastward, as well as Maryland and Virginia lately, and had not heard of any Cruelty of the kind sanction'd by any other Legislative Body on the Continent: Some of them spake of other States not having so many Slaves in them, and less occasion for fear of their rising &c; my answer to that was, Those who so cruelly oppress the Slaves, have more occasion to fear their rising, &c: My treating with them on the subject was in a way of plain dealing, and so well received that many of them kindly invited me to come and see them, if I should come near their dwellings, for that it would give them pleasure (as they said) to entertain me: It was unexpected also to my Companion & myself, when he came to Settle for our Tavern Expences whilst there, the Man would take no pay for my Boarding, he was so well pleased with the visit.
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1796. 12th. mo. 9th This morning we proposed to leave Rawlegh. My companion had bought him a new horse, who was rather wild, & threw him after he mounted, at which I was concern'd fearing he was hurt, & could not proceed with me, but through favour we found he was not so much hurt as we had expected and we travelled near forty Miles that day: & the two days following so much as to make near 150 to Core sound. The 13th [12m. 1796], we met with the ministers & Elders of that Monthly Meeting, to confer on the Subject of visiting their families, which was united with, and two friends agreed to join me in the service; which we proceeded in, and in less than four days visited about 14 families, mostly to good satisfaction, besides attending their Meeting at Coresound, (which is near the Sea-Coast). 17th. [12m. 1796] We had after that a comfortable satisfying Meeting there, amongst our friends by themselves; in which we were favoured with a measure of the Divine Presence owning us together. Here is a hopeful number of youth of both Sexes; and their appearance more in the Simplicity as to their Dress & otherwise: their apparel (I mean the Womens) was mostly Homespun, No black silk Cloaks nor Bonnets among them, I was comforted in their Company & parted with them in near love and fellowship; after which visited two other Families, & went on to my friend Horton Howerds, whose Wife lay ill with the Consumption; I perceived her to be innocent, laying in a quiet frame of mind, as nearly fit to leave the World.
[------ Inside of Back Cover ------]
Abraham Warrington
Abram Warrington
Abraham
Abraham
Joshua Evans Journal, 1795 7mo. 29 - 1796 12mo. 17
This diary of Joshua Evans covers July 29, 1795 - December 17. 1796
Evans, Joshua, 1731-1798
1795 - 1796
81 p.; 16 cm
RG5/190
Friends Historical Library journals collection --https://archives.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/resources/sfhl-mss-003
Joshua Evans, a Quaker minister and abolitionist, was born in 1731 in West Jersey, a member of Haddonfield Monthly Meeting. About the year 1754, he experienced a religious conversion and thereafter devoted his life to sharing his rigorous interpretation of the Gospel through an ascetic and pious life style and simple ministry. Barely educated, he nevertheless was acknowledged as a minister by Haddonfield Monthly Meeting in 1759. Evans was a vegetarian and a fervent proponent of the peace testimony, Quaker plainness, and ending slavery. In 1798, he traveled through the southern states condemning slavery in the strongest terms. Returning to New Jersey, he died in July 1798. A detailed inventory of the Joshua Evans papers held by the Friends Historical Library is available at http://www.swarthmore.edu/Library/friends/ead/5190joev.xml
A0011544