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SW ARTH M O RE
COLLEGE
BULLETIN
' CATALOGUE
1948-1949
The Bulletin, of which this publication is Volume XLVI, No. 1, is pub
lished quarterly by Swarthmore College, from the College Office, Swarthmore,
Pa.
Entered at the post office at Swarthmore, Pa., as second-class matter, in
accordance w ith provision o f the Act o f Congress o f August 24, 1912*
Printed in U. S. A.
The Isaac H. Clothier Memorial.
SW ARTHM ORE COLLEGE
BULLETIN
CATALOGUE
1948-1949
SW ARTH M O RE, PENNSYLVANIA
Volume X L V I
Number 1
Tenth Month, 1948
Directions for Correspondence
For information about:
GENERAL COLLEGE POLICY
J ohn W . N ason , President
J ames A. P erkins, Vice-President
ADMISSIONS AND SCHOLARSHIPS
For men: D ean Everett L. H unt
For women: D ean Susan P. C obbs
RECORDS, TR A N SC R IPT S AND CATALOGUES
J ohn M . M oore, Registrar
FINANCIAL IN F O R M A T IO N
C harles G. T hatcher , Business Manager
V O C A T IO N A L PLACEM ENT AND GUIDANCE
K enneth A llebach , Acting Vocational Director for Men
A lice L. M oran , Associate Dean
ALU M N I AFFAIRS
K enneth A llebach , Acting Alumni Secretary
GENERAL IN F O R M A T IO N
J anet M . B aldwin , Director of Publicity
D IR E C T O R Y OF FACU LTY AND STUDENTS
Obtainable upon request to the Registrar
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
•
SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA
2
Table o f Contents
PAGE
C alendar ................................................................................................................................... • 4
Personnel .....................................................................................................................................
7
T h e C orporation and T h e Board o£ M a n a g ers..........................................................
8
T h e Faculty .......................................................................................................................... 10
Divisions and D ep a rtm en ts............................................................................................... 18
Standing Committees ......................................................................................................... 19
Administrative Officers and A ssistants.......................................................................... 20
H onorary Curators o f the B iddle M em orial L ib r a r y .............................................. 22
I ntroduction to Swarthmore C o l l eg e ................................................................................ 23
T h e College C o m m u n ity ..................................................................................................
24
T h e Purposes and Policies o f Swarthmore C o lle g e ..................................................
25
Admissions Procedure ....................................................................................................... 28
Expenses ............................................................................................................
Scholarships and Student A id .......................................................................
Educational R e s o u r ce s ....................................................................................................... 41
College L ife ........................................................................
Student C o m m u n ity ........................................................................................................... 47
T he Educational Program ....................................................................................................
49
Program fo r Freshmen and S op h om ores.....................................................................
51
Program for Juniors and S e n io rs .................................................................................... 53
H onors W o r k .......................................................................................................................
54
Pre-Medical P r o g r a m ..................................................................
Faculty Regulations ........................................................................................................... 58
Requirements for G r a d u a tio n ...................................................................................... 61
Advanced D e g r e e s ............................................................................................................. 62
Awards and P r iz e s ......................................................................................................
63
Fellowships .................................................................................
Courses of I nstru ction .................................................................
Botany ............................................................................................
Chemistry .......................................................................................
70
Classics ...............................................................................................................................
73
Economics ......................................................................................................
76
Engineering ...............................................................................
79
English .........................
89
Fine Arts ..................................................................................................
93
German Language and L ite r a tu r e ..........................
95
H istory ..............
98
Mathematics and A s tr o n o m y ......................................................................................... 102
Music ..................................................................................................................................... 108
Philosophy and R e lig i o n ...................................................................
Physical Education for Men ......................................................................................... 113
Physical Education for W om en ................................................................................... 114
Physics ................................................................................................................................. 116
P olitical S c ie n c e ..............................................................................................
Psychology and Education ............................................ ....................................... . . . . 121
Rom ance Languages ........................................................................................................ 125
Zoology ................................................................................................................................. 129
R éférencé Section .................................................................................................................... 133
Visiting Examiners ............................................................................................................ 134
Degrees C o n fe r r e d .............................................................................................................. 136
Distribution o f S tu d e n ts.................................................................................................. 142
Bibliography o f Swarthmore, 1939-1947 .................................................................... 143
Index ......................................................................................, ........................................... 145
Plan o f College G r o u n d s ................................................................................
3
32
33
5
68
109
118
150
1948
s
OCTOBER
M T W T
3 4 5 6 7
IO I I 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
F
1
8
15
22
29
S
2
9
16
23
30
S
7
14
21
28
NOVEMBER
M T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5 6
8 9 10 I I 12 13
15 16 17 18 19 20
22 23 24 25 26 27
29 30
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
DECEMBER
T W T
1 2
7 8 9
14 15 16
21 22 23
28 29 30
F
3
10
17
24
31
S
4
11
18
25
1949
S
2
9
16
23
30
S
6
13
20
27
S
M
F
S
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 I I 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31
FEBRU ARY
T W T
1 2 3
7 8 9 10
14 15 16 17
21 22 23 24
28
M
M
6 7
13 14
20 21
27 28
S
JAN UARY
T W T
M
F S
4 5
11 12
18 19
25 26
MARCH
T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5
8 9 10 I I 12
15 16 17 18 19
22 23 24 25 26
29 30 31
A P R IL
T W T
3 4 5 6 7
10 I I 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
F
1
8
15
22
29
S
2
9
16
23
30
S
1
8
15
22
29
M
2
9
16
23
30
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
S
M
T
3
IO
17
24
31
MAY
W T F S
4 5 6 7
I I 12 13 14
18 19 20 21
25 26 27 28
JU NE
W T F S
1 2 3 4
7 8 9 10 11
14 15 16 17 18
21 22 23 24 25
28 29 30
T
T
JU LY
W T
3 4 5 6 7
10 I I 12 13 14
17 18 19 20 21
24 25 26 27 28
31
S
7
14
21
28
M
1
8
15
22
29
F
1
8
15
22
29
S
2
9
16
23
30
A U G U ST
T W T F S
2 3 4 5 6
9 IO I I 12 13
16 17 18 19 20
23 24 25 26 27
30 31
SEPT EM BER
T W T F S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
I I 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
S
M
S
M
2
9
16
23
30
S
6
13
20
27
S
OCTOBER
T W T
F
S
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 I I 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31
NOVEMBER
T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5
7 8 9 10 11 12
14 15 16 17 18 19
21 22 23 24 25 26
28 29 30
M
M
4 5
I I 12
18 19
25 26
DECEMBER
T W T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29
F
2
9
16
23
30
S
3
10
17
24
31
1950
S
1
8
15
22
29
M
2
9
16
23
30
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
JAN U ARY
T W T
3 4 5
10 I I 12
17 18 19
24 25 26
31
F S
6 7
13 14
20 21
27 28
FEBRU ARY
T W T
1 2
7 8 9
14 15 16
21 22 23
28
F S
3 4
10 11
17 18
24 25
S
M
5 6
12 13
19 20
26 27
S
M
MARCH
T W T
1 2
7 8 9
14 15 16
21 22 23
28 29 30
A P R IL
T W T
F S
3 4
10 11
17 18
24 25
31
F
2 3 4 5 6 7
9 10 I I 12 13 14
16 17 18 19 20 21
23 24 25 26 27 28
30
4
S
1
8
15
22
29
S
7
14
21
28
M
1
8
15
22
29
S
M
4 5
I I 12
18 19
25 26
T
2
9
16
23
30
MAY
W T F S
3 4 5 6
10 I I 12 13
17 18 19 20
24 25 26 27
31
JU NE
W T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29
T
F
2
9
16
23
30
S
3
10
17
24
College Calendar
1948
W inter Semester
Ninth Month 16-19 ..............Freshman placement days
Ninth Month 2 0 ...................Registration, 1:00 p.m.
Ninth Month 21 ................... Classes and honors seminars begin
Eleventh Month 25 ..............Thanksgiving Day (holiday)
Twelfth Month 1 8 ................Christmas recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
1949
First Month 3 .......................Christmas recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
First Month 8 ...................... Classes end for second-semester seniors
First Month 15 .....................Classes and honors seminars end
Registration, 1:30 p.m.
First Month 17, 18 ................Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
First Month 19 .................... Mid-year examinations begin
First Month 24 .................... Honors seminars begin for spring semester
First Month 27 .................... Mid-year examinations end
Spring Semester
First Month 31 .....................Classes begin
Third Month 2 6 ................... Spring recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 4 ................... Spring recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
Fifth Month 7 ......................Honors seminars end
Fifth Month 14 ................... Classes end for second-semester seniors
Fifth Month 16 ................... Honors written examinations begin
Fifth Month 19 .................. Classes end
Enrollment in classes for winter semester, 1:30 p.m.
Fifth Month 20, 21 ..............Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
Fifth Month 23 ................... Final examinations begin'
Fifth Month 24 ........... .
Honors written examinations end
Fifth Month 26-28 ................Honors oral examinations
Sixth Month 2 ..................... Final examinations end
Sixth Month 3 .....................Class Day
Sixth Month 4 .................... Alumni Day
Sixth Month 5 .................... Baccalaureate Day
Sixth Month 6 .................... Commencement Day
5
1949
W inter Semester
Ninth Month 22-25 ............Freshman placement days
Ninth Month 26 ..................Registration, 1:30 p.m.
Ninth Month 27 ..................Classes and honors seminars begin
Eleventh Month 24 ..............Thanksgiving Day (holiday)
Twelfth Month 20 ..............Christmas recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
1950
First Month 4 ......................Christmas recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
First Month 14 ....................Classes end for second-semester seniors
First Month 19 ....................Classes end
Registration, 1:30 p.m.
First Month 20-21 ..............Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
First Month 21 ................... Honors seminars end
First Month 23 ....................Mid-year examinations begin
First Month 30 ....................Honors seminars begin for spring semester
Second Month 2 ..................Mid-year examinations end
Spring Semester
Second Month 6 ..................Classes begin
Third Month 25 ..................Spring recess begins, 11:00 a.m.
Fourth Month 3 ..................Spring recess ends, 8:00 a.m.
Fifth Month 13 ....................Honors seminars end
Fifth Month 20 ................. .Classes end for second-semester seniors
Fifth Month 22 ....................Honors written examinations begin
Fifth Month 25 .................... Classes end
Enrollment in classes for winter semester, 1:30 p.m.
Fifth Month 26-27 ..............Review period for course students
Senior written comprehensives
Fifth Month 29 ....................Final examinations begin
Fifth Month 30 ....................Honors written examinations end
Sixth Month 1-3 ..................Honors oral examinations
Sixth Month 8 ....................Final examinations end
Sixth Month 9 ....................Class Day
Sixth Month 10 .................. Alumni Day
Sixth Month 11 .................. Baccalaureate Day
Sixth Month 12 .................. Commencement Day
6
PERSONNEL
OF
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
The Corporation
H oward C ooper Johnson, President
801 Market Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
C laude C. Sm ith , Vice-President
1617 Land Title Building, Philadelphia 10, Pa.
A da G raham C lement , Secretary
Meeting House Road, Jenkintown, Pa.
Edward B. T emple , Treasurer
315 Maple Avenue, Swarthmore, Pa.
Board of Managers
Emeriti
H etty L ippincott M iller, Riverton, N. Y.
Elsie P almer B rown , 1622 Twenty-ninth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.
C harles F. Jenkins, 232 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa.
H enry C. T urner, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York 17, N. Y.
Life Members
E leanor Stabler C larke, Crumwald Farm, Wallingford, Pa.
A da G raham C lement , Meeting House Road, Jenkintown, Pa.
I saac H. C lothier , J r ., 801 Market Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa.
M ary L ippincott G riscom , 314 East Central Avenue, Moorestown, N. J.
H oward C ooper Johnson , 801 Market Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa.
H adassah M oore L eeds, 1025 Westview Street, Philadelphia 19, Pa.
C laude C. Sm ith , 1617 Land Title Building, Philadelphia 10, Pa.
B arclay W hite , 22 N. Thirty-sixth Street, Philadelphia 4, Pa.
Term expires Twelfth Month, 1948
T . Stockton M atthews , South and Redwood Streets, Baltimore 3, Md.
L ydia F oulke T aylor , 23 Summit Avenue, Larchmont, N. Y.
E dith W ilson Jackson, 317 North Chester Road, Swarthmore, Pa.
Frank A ydelotte, 88 Battle Road, Princeton, N. J.
P hilip T . Sharples, 23rd and Westmoreland Streets, Philadelphia 40, Pa.
•Edmund G. R obinson, 909 Nottingham Road, Wilmington, Del.
Term expires Twelfth Month, 1949
Phebe U nderhill Seam an , Jericho, N. Y.
R uth P otter A shton, 409 Elm Avenue, Swarthmore, Pa.
E lisabeth H allo well B artlett , 1922 Mt. Royal Terrace, Baltimore 17, Md.
N icholas K elley , 70 Broadway, New York 4, N. Y.
E dward P. Palmer , 50 Church Street, New York 7, N. Y.
•Eleanor R unk R eppert, 746 Limekiln Pike, Glenside, Pa.
Term expires Twelfth Month, 1950
Edward B. T emple , 315 Maple Avenue, Swarthmore, Pa.
C lement M. B iddle, P. O. B ox 743, Church St. Sta., New York 8, N. Y.
I sabel Jenkins B ooth , 400 Delaware Street, New Castle, Del.
H elen G awthrop W orth , Claymont, Del.
T heodore W iding, 800 Lincoln-Liberty Building, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
•N ora R. B ooth , 920 Clinton Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
Term expires Twelfth Month, 1951
R obert P yle ,. West Grove, Pa.
R obert E. L am b , 3429 West Indiana Avenue, Philadelphia 32, Pa.
T homas B. M c Cabe, Front and Market Streets, Chester, Pa.
A nna E ngle T aylor , 8240 Fairview Road, Philadelphia 17, Pa.
B oyd T . B arnard, 914 Lincoln-Liberty Building, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
•R aymond K. D enworth , 117 South Seventeenth Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa.*
* Nominated by the Alumni Association.
8
C
o m m it t e e s
of
the
B
oard
The President is ex-Officio a Member of Every Committee
Executive
Barclay W hite
M ary L ippincott G riscom
I saac H . C lothier , Jr .
R obert E. L amb
R obert P yle
A da G raham C lement
L ydia Foulke T aylor
Eleanor Stabler C larke
Edith W ilson Jackson
C laude C. Smith
Edward B. T emple
R uth Potter A shton
T homas B. M cC abe
H adassah M oore L eeds
B oyd T . B arnard
T heodore W iding
Finance
T heodore W iding
Edward B. T emple
C lement M. B iddle
C laude C. Sm ith
N icholas Kelley
E dmund G. R obinson
R uth Potter A shton
M ary L ippincott G riscom
R obert E. L amb
P hilip T . Sharples
Instruction and Libraries
R uth Potter A shton
R obert P yle
P hebe U nderhill Seaman
Edith W ilson Jackson
H adassah M oore L eeds
L ydia Foulke T aylor
C laude C. Sm ith
H elen G awthrop W orth
T heodore W iding
Frank A ydelotte
C lement M. B iddle
Edward P. Palmer
Property
R obert E. L amb
R obert P yle
M ary L ippincott G riscom
B arclay W hite
B oyd T . B arnard
E dward B. T emple
I sabel Jenkins B ooth
R aymond K. D enworth
Trusts
H oward C ooper Johnson
Edward B. T emple
I saac H. C lothier , Jr .
B oyd T . B arnard
T . Stockton M atthews
T homas B. M cC abe
C harles F. Jenkins
Household and Student Affairs
M ary L ippincott G riscom
A da G raham C lement
Eleanor Stabler C larke
Elisabeth H allowell B artlett
I sabel Jenkins B ooth
A nna Engle T aylor
E leanor R unk R eppert
N ora R . B ooth
Nominating
E dmund G. R obinson
A da G raham C lement
H adassah M oore L eeds
C harles F. Jenkins
R obert E. L amb
C lement W . B iddle
A nna E ngle T aylor
The Faculty
324 Cedar Lsinc
JOH BA.', 'carieton'^CoUege; B A ,' University' o f' Oxford;' M A ,' H azard University;
LL.D. University of Pennsylvania, Carleton College; Litt.D., Muhlenberg
College, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital of Philadelphia.
Tames A. Perkins, Vice-President............................... .
.925 Strath Haven Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Princeton University.
Susan P. C obbs, Dean and Professor of Classics.. . . . . . . . . •. . . ••■•••; ••'W a t House
B.A., Randolph-Macon Woman’s College; M A ., New York University, Ph.D.
University of Chicago.
E verett L. H unt , Dean and Professor of English...........
••■- -604 Elm Avenue
B.A., Huron College; M.A., University of Chicago; D Xitt., Huron College.
John M. M oore, Associate Dean, Registrar and Associate Professor
BA.,Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary; M.A., Harvard Uni
versity; Ph.D., Columbia University.
A lice L. M oran , Associate D ean........................................................ 519 Walnut Lane
B.S., Purdue University; M.A., Radcliffe College.
C harles G T hatcher , Business Manager....................................... 613 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.E., Cornell University; M.M.E., Johns Hopkins
University.
E
m e r it i
A lfred M ansfield B rooks , Professor Emeritus of Fine Arts..........Gloucester, Mass.
B.A., and M.A., Harvard University; M.A., Indiana University.
H arold C larke G oddard, Professor Emeritus of English..........915 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Amherst College; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
H enrietta Josephine M eeteer, Professor Emeritus of Greek and Latin,
309 Warwick Road, Haddonfield, N. J.
B.A., Indiana University; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
C lara P rice N ewport , Professor Emeritus of German Language and Literature,
Hotel McAlpin, New York City
B.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., University of Wisconsin.
Samuel C opeland Palmer , Profesor Emeritus of Botany,
26th and Chestnut Streets, Chester, Pa.
B.A. and M.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
10
P rofessors
M ary A lbertson, Professor of History......................................... 405 Walnut Lane
B.A., M A ., and Ph.D., Bryn Mawr College.
Solomon E. A sch, Professor of Psychology...................................513 Elm Avenue
B.S., College of the City of New York; M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University.
H einrich B rinkmann , Professor of Mathematics............................. 403 Walnut Lane
B.A., Leland Stanford Junior University; M A . and Ph.D., Harvard University.
Samuel T . C arpenter, Professor of Civil Engineering................... 8B Whittier Place
B.C.E., C.E. and M.S., Ohio State University.
E dward H. Cox, Professor of Chemistry.............................................. 8 Whittier Place
B.S., Earlham College; M.A., Harvard University; Sc.D., University of Geneva.
H enry Jermain M aude C reighton, Edmund Allen Professor of Chemistry,
515 Elm Avenue
B.A., M.A. and LL.D., Dalhousie University; M.Sc., University of Birmingham;
D.Sc., Das eidgenössische Polytechnikum, Zürich.
A rnold D resden, Edward H. Magill Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy,
606 Elm Avenue
M.S. and Ph.D., University o f Chicago.
R obert K. E nders, Professor of Zoology..............
.311 Elm Avenue
B A . and Ph.D., University of Michigan.
H erbert F. Fraser, Professor of Economics........
Wallingford Hills
M.A., University of Aberdeen; F.R.Econ.S.
P hilip M arshall H icks, Alexander Griswold Cummins Professor of English,
525 Elm Avenue
B.A. and M A ., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
•L aurence I rving, Professor of Biology...............................................r . D . 3, Media
B.A., Bowdoin College; M.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Leland Stanford
Junior University.
H oward M alcolm Jenkins, Professor of Electrical Engineering,
B.A. and E.E., Swarthmore College.
506 North Chester Road
W olfgang K ohler, Research Professor of Philosophy and Psychology,
603 Elm Avenue
Dr. phil., University of Berlin; D.Sc., University of Pennsylvania.
Patrick M urphy M alin , Professor of Economics................221 N . Princeton Avenue
B.S., University of Pennsylvania.
Frederick J. M anning, Isaac H . Clothier Professor of History,
4 Pennstone Road, Bryn Mawr
B.A. and Ph.D., Yale University.
H arold M. M arch, Professor of French............................................ 600 Elm Avenue
B.A., Princeton University; Ph.D., Yale University.
Ross W . M arriott, Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy,
_ . _ ,.
.
213 Lafayette Avenue
B.A., Indiana University; M.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., University of
Pennsylvania.
’
J. R oland Pennock, Professor of Political Science........................... 3 Whittier Place
B.A., Swarthmore College; M A . and Ph.D., Harvard University.
E dith P hilips, Susan W. Lippincott Professor of French..................517 Elm Avenue
B A ., Goucher College; Docteur de l’Université dé Paris.
• Absent on leave.
11
P aul Schrecker, Visiting Professor of Philosophy (on a joint appointment by Bryn
Mawr College, Haverford College and Swarthmore College),
8
120 South Chester Road
Ph.D., University of Berlin; LL.D., University of Vienna.
■(Townsend Scudder, III, Professor of English
B A . and Ph.D., Yale University.
Charles B. Shaw , Librarian.................................................................. 304 Park Avenue
B A ., M.A. and L.H.D., Clark University.
L. R. Shero, Professor of Greek........................................... -651 North Chester Road
B.A., Haverford College; B.A., University of Oxford; M.A. and Ph.D., Uni
versity of Wisconsin.
A lfred J. Swan , Professor of Music (on joint appointment by Haverford College
and Swarthmore C o lle g e )............................................................519 Walnut Lane
B.A. and M.A., University of Oxford.
Peter van de K am p , Professor of Astronomy and Director of Sproul Observatory,
5 Whittier Place
B.S. and M.S., University of Utrecht; PhD., University of California; D.Phil.,
University of Groningen.
C lair W ilcox , Joseph Wharton Professor of Political Economy
510 Ogden Avenue
B.S., University of Pennsylvania; M A „ Ohio State University; Ph.D., Uni
versity of Pennsylvania.
W inthrop R. W right, Morris L. Clothier Professor of Physics. A Whittier Place
B.A. and Ph.D., University of Michigan.
A
s s o c ia t e
P rofessors
R ichard B. B randt, Associate Professor of Philosophy................521 Elm Avenue
B.A., Denison University; B.A., University of Cambridge; PhD., Yale Uni
versity.
R ichard S. Crutchfield, Associate Professor of Psychology........ 8 Crum Ledge
B.S., California Institute of Technology; Ph.D., University of California.
*C arl K. D ellmuth , Associate Professor of Physical Education for Men and Director
of Athletics............................................................................ 120 South Chester Road
B A ., Swarthmore College.
R obert H . D unn , Associate Professor of Physical Education for Men,
811 Westdale Avenue
B.S., Temple University.
W. C. E lmore , Associate Professor of P h ysics............Baltimore Pike, R. D. 3, Media
B.S., Lehigh University; Ph.D., Yale University.
D uncan G raham Foster, Associate Professor of Chemistry..................15 Crest Lane
B A . and M.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University.
M ilan W. G arrett, Associate Professor of Physics___ 336 North Princeton Avenue
B A . and M A ., Leland Stanford Junior University; B.A. and D.Phil., University o f Oxford.
W alter B. K eighton, Jr ., Associate Professor of Chemistry..............311 Cedar Lane
B A ., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., Princeton University.
T usi ig M. L ipson, Associate Professor of Politicai Science...........6 0 2 Elm Avenue
B A ., M A ., University of Oxford; Ph.D., University of Chicago.
John D. M cC rum m , Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering,
515 Elm Avenue
B.S. and M.S., University o f Colorado.*
* Absent on leave.
J Absent on leave Fall Semester.
12
•Frank C. P ierson, Associate Professor of Economics..................740 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; Ph.D., Columbia University.
John H imes Pitm an , Associate Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy,
B A . and M.A., Swarthmore College.
328 Vassar Avenue
V irginia R ath , Associate Professor of Physical Education for Women,
735 Yale Avenue
B.A., Hollins College; M A ., Columbia University.
W illiam E. R easer, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering,
„ .
2 Crum Ledge
B.S. in M.E., M.E., Lafayette College; M.S. in M.E., Lehigh University.
•W alter J. Scott, Associate Professor of Zoology ..............306 North Chester Road
Ph.B., Lafayette College; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
•A ndrew Simpson , Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering,
733 Harvard Avenue
B A ., Swarthmore College; M.S., Cornell University.
James D. Sorber, Associate Professor of Spanish and Director of Musical Activi-
Ites.....................................................................................................401 Walnut Lane
B A ., Lehigh University; M A ., University of Nebraska.
W olgang F. Stolper, Associate Professor of Economics..................519 Walnut Lane
M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
R obert M. W alker , Associate Professor of Fine Arts....................6 Whittier Place
B A . and M.FA., Princeton University; Ph.D., Harvard University.
H ans W allach , Associate Professor of Psychology................... 805 Harvard Avenue
Dr. Phil., University o f Berlin.
N eal A. W eber, Associate Professor of Zoology.......................................West House
B A . and M.S., University of North Dakota; M A . and Ph.D., Harvard Uni
versity.
L eon W encelius, Associate Professor of French.....................................6 Crum Ledge
D. £s L., University of Paris; L.Th., University of Strasbourg; Th.D., Union
Theological Seminary.
B ryce W ood, Associate Professor of Political Science................ 310 Chestnut Avenue
B.A., Reed College; Ph.D. Columbia University.
E lizabeth Cox W right, Associate Professor of English........Rose Valley, Moylan
B A ., Wellesley College; M A . and P h D , University of Pennsylvania.
A
s s is t a n t
P rofessors
L ydia B aer, Assistant Professor of German................Brookside Road, Wallingford
B A ., Oberlin College; M A . and Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania.
D ennison B ancroft, Assistant Professor of P h ysics..................733 Harvard Avenue
B A ., Amherst College; Ph.D., Harvard University.
M onroe C. B eardsley, Assistant Professor of Philosophy....................1 Crum Ledee
B A . and PhD., Yale University.
6
G eorge J. B ecker, Assistant Professor of English....................... Cunningham House
B A ., M A ., and Ph.D., University of Washington.
•Paul H . B eik , Assistant Professor of History......................‘ ...............512 Elm Avenue
B A ., Union College; M A . and Ph.D., Columbia University.
N ewell R. B ush, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages...519 Walnut Lane
B A ., Miami University; M A ., Columbia University.
• Absent on leave.
13
P hilip W . C arruth, Assistant Professor of Mathematics..........835 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Hamilton College; M.A., Syracuse University; Ph.D., University of
Illinois.
H ilde D. C ohn , Assistant Professor of German........................... 805 Harvard Avenue
Dr. Phil., University of Heidelberg.
G eorge P. C uttino, Assistant Professor of History (on a joint appointment by
Bryn Mawr College and Swarthmore College) ........................506 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., University of Iowa; D.Phil., University of
Oxford.
B ruce D earing, Assistant Professor of English..................................... 3 Crum Ledge
B.A., Allegheny College; M.A. and Ph.D., University of Iowa.
L ewis H. E lverson, Assistant Professor of Physical Education for Men,
120 South Chester Road
B.S., University of Pennsylvania.
E. J. Faulkner, Assistant Professor of Physical Education for Men,
235 Dickinson Avenue
E dward A. Fehnel , Assistant Professor of Chemistry,
707 South 52nd Street, Philadelphia 43, Pa.
B.S., M.S. and Ph.D., Lehigh University.
J ames A . F ield, Jr ., Assistant Professor of History............................. 7 Crum Ledge
B.S., M A . and Ph.D., Harvard University.
•(■Roderick Firth , Assistant Professor of Philosophy..............302 North Chester Road
B.S., Haverford College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
L auncelot J. F lemister, Jr ., Assistant Professor of Zoology............512 Elm Avenue
B A ., M.A., and Ph.D., Duke University.
V era V. French, Assistant Professor of Psychology ........................... R. D. 3, Media
B A ., Bryn Mawr College; M.A. and Ph.D., Radcliffe College.
C. J ustus G arrahan , Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering,
301 College Avenue
B.S. and M.S., University of Pennsylvania.
Frederic S. K lees, Assistant Professor of English ..................................... The Damsite
B.A., Bowdoin College.
A lbert A. K och , Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering___ 805 Harvard Avenue
B.S., Armour Institute of Technology; M.S., California Institute of Tech
nology; C.E., Armour Institute of Technology.
L aurence D. L afore, Assistant Professor of History....................506 Ogden Avenue
B A ., Swarthmore College; M A , Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
R oy. F. L insenmeyer, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering. 805 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in C.E., University of Pittsburgh.
C harles A. L ister, Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. .740 Ogden Avenue
B.S. in E.E., Tufts College.
Jae L. L ittrell , Assistant Professor of Zoology......................... 805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Rockford College; M.S. and Ph.D., University of Illinois.
L uzern G. L ivingston, Assistant Professor of Botany,
422 Highland Avenue, Morton
B.S., Lawrence College; Ph.D., University of Wisconsin.
N orman A. M einkoth , Assistant Professor of Z o o lo g y ..............835 Harvard Avenue
B. o f Ed., Southern Illinois Teachers College; M.S. and Ph.D., University of
Illinois.
J Absent on leave Spring Semester.
14
I rene M oll , Assistant Professor of Physical Education for Women,
805 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in Ed., University of Kansas; M.A., Texas State College for Women.
B ernard M orrill, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering,
915 Harvard Avenue
B.S. in M.E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
H elen F. N orth , Assistant Professor of Classics.......................................Parrish Hal]
B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University.
M a y E. P arry , Assistant Professor of Physical Education for Women,
Swarthmore Apartments
B.A., Swarthmore College; B.S., Temple University.
W illiam C. H. Prentice, Assistant Professor of Psychology............1 Whittier Place
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D., Harvard University.
K arl R euning, Assistant Professor of German..........211 South Swarthmore Avenue
Dr. Phil., University o f Giessen.
B enbow F. R itchie , Assistant Professor of Psychology......................... 5 Crum Ledge
B.A., University of Wisconsin; M.A. and Ph.D., University of California.
A lice T . Schafer, Assistant Professor (part-time) of Mathematics,
2243 Franklin Avenue, Morton
Ph.D., University of Chicago.
P.O. Box 244
W illis J. Stetson, Assistant Professor of Physical Education for Men and Assistant
Director of Athletics............................... 144 North Highland Road, Springfield
B.A., Swarthmore College; M.A., University o f Pennsylvania.
Frederick B. T olles, Librarian of the Friends Historical Library and Assistant
Professor in History.................................................... ...3 0 2 North Chester Road
B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Harvard University.
W olfgang W asow , Assistant Professor of Mathematics............915 Harvard Avenue
Diploma, University of Gottingen; Ph.D., New York University.
W illis D. W eatherford, Assistant Professor of Economics___ 805 Harvard Avenue
B.A., Vanderbilt University; B.D., Yale University; M.A., Harvard University.
Stephen E. W hicher, Assistant Professor of English........................... 4 Crum Ledge
B.A., Amherst College; M.A., Columbia University; Ph.D., Harvard University.
I rma W olpe, Assistant Professsor of Music........................... 333 Dartmouth Avenue
Certificate and Diploma of the Institut Jaques Dalcroze, Geneva.
P aul N. Y lvisaker, Assistant Professor of Political Science,
416 North Chester Road
S.B., Mankato State Teachers College; M.P.A., Ph.D., Harvard University.
I n structors
R obert C. A ckart, Instructor in English..................................... 302 College Avenue
B.A., Wesleyan University; M.A., Harvard University.
E lisa A sensio, Instructor in Spanish (on a joint appointment by Haverford College
and Swarthmore College).............................................2 College Lane, Haverford
G eorge C. Beebe, Instructor in Civil Engineering,
242 East Avon Road, Parkside, Chester
B.S., Swarthmore College.
Carol F. C reedon, Instructor in Psychology..................... 120 South Chester Road
B.A., Ph.D., University of California.
Sarah C. Flemister, Instructor (part-time) in Zoology................. 512 Elm Avenue
B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Duke University.
15
José M iguel G onzalez, Instructor in Spanish....................
805 Harvard Avenue
B .A., Politechnic Institute of Puerto Rico.
A kleigh P. H ess, J r ., Instructor (part-time) in Economies,
417 West Catteil Street, West Collingswood, N. J.
B.S. and M.A., University of Pennsylvania.
M onique B iubault H ovey , Instructor in Romance Languages. . . Woolman House
B arbara P earson L ange, Instructor (part-time) in Dramatics.......... 319 Cedar Lane
Sidney M organbesser, Instructor in Philosophy............................. 730 Ogden Avenue
B A ., City College of New York.
T o m o m i M urakami , Instructor (part-time) in Electrical Engineering,
401 North Chester Road
B.S., Swarthmore College; M.S., University of Pennsylvania.
Tames A. Pratt , Instructor (part-time) in Mechanical Engineering,
J
817 Parmley Avenue, Yeadon, Pa.
B.S. in Met., Colorado School of Mines.
H edley H. R hys, Instructor in Fine Arts................................... 915 Harvard Avenue
B A ., West Virginia University; M.A., Harvard University.
W illiam L. Spalding, Instructor in History....................... 317 North Chester Road
B A . and M A ., Cornell University; M A ., Harvard University.
E thel Stilz , Instructor (part-time) in Fine A rts.......................................Parrish Hall
Ph.B. University of Chicago; M.A., Columbia University.
T homas E. Sweeney , Jr ., Instructor (part-time) in Mechanical Engineering,
105 Amosland Road, Norwood, Pa.
B.S. in A.E., University of Alabama.
W illiam A. T ucker, Instructor (part-time) in Mechanical Engineering,
809 Pennsylvania Avenue, Prospect Park, Pa.
B.S. in M.E., George Washington University.
L
ecturers,
A
s s is t a n t s ,
Etc.
Felix G ilbert, Lecturer in History................................. Merion Avenue, Bryn Mawr
Dr. Phil., University o f Berlin.
G eorge T . H ammershaimb , Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering,
44 Green Valley Road, Wallingford
M.E., Federal Institute o f Technology, Zürich; D.Eng., University of Geneva.
P hilip E. J acob , Lecturer in Political Science............14 South Swarthmore Avenue
B.A., Yale University; M.A., University of Pennsylvania; Ph.D., Princeton
University.
E. G ordon K eith , Lecturer in Economics....................409 State Road, Cynwyd, Pa.
B.A., Amherst College; Ph.D., Harvard University.
M arian H ubbell M owatt , Lecturer in Psychology and Education,
1004 Amosland Road, Morton
B.A., Swarthmore College; M A ., Columbia University.
L. B innendyk , Research Associate in Astronomy.................. 805 Harvard Avenue
Ph.D., University of Leiden.
C apt . W endell P. R oop , Research Consultant........Anchorage Farm, Sewell, N. J.
U.S.N., retired.
H ans R oth , Research Associate in Astronomy........................... 500 Harvard Avenue
ScX)., University of Vienna.
K. S. Sodhi, Research Associate in Psychology............................. 805 Harvard Avenue
B A ., Murray College; M A ., Forman Christian College; D.Phil., University
o f Berlin.
16
A lbert M. B arron, Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
4244 Old York Road, Philadelphia
B.S., Pennsylvania State College; M.S., Temple University.
A very B lake, Assistant in Physical Education for M en ............ 49 Amherst Avenue
Phyllis A mbler B rauner, Assistant in Chemistry. . . 10 Ridley Park Avenue, Aldan
B.A., Wheaton College; M.A., Wellesley College.
Samuel G. E ckerd, Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
Williamson School, Delaware County, Pa.
B.A., Swarthmore College.
B enjam in Kennedy , Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
3029 Teesdale Street, Philadelphia
Sarah L ee L ippincott , Assistant in Astronomy,
226 West Tulpehocken Street, Germantown
B.A., University of Pennsylvania.
James J. M cA doo, Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
513 East Bringhurst Street, Germantown
J ames H. M iller, Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
834 Seventh Avenue, Prospect Park
M.S., University o f Pennsylvania.
V irginia S. R owland , Assistant in Physical Education for Women,
225 Brookline Boulevard, Brookline
B.A., Swarthmore College.
Janet Scantlebury, Assistant in Physical Education for Women,
528 Roxborough Avenue, Philadelphia 28
H oward D. Sipler, Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
318 Dartmouth Avenue
B.A., Swarthmore College.
Sara M. Sm ith , Assistant in Astronomy.......................................510 Ogden Avenue
B.A., Wellesley College.
Patricia Stock, Assistant in Physical Education for Women,
Apartment 205, 26 East Seventh Street, Chester
Paul Stofko , Assistant in Physical Education for Men,
1008 Hempstead Road, Pennfield Downs, Havertown
Florence W ilcox , Director of Arts and Crafts............................... 510 Ogden Avenue
B A ., Ohio Wesleyan University; M.A., University of Pennsylvania.
H elena Zelzna , Assistant in Arts and Crafts..........4104 Locust Street, Philadelphia
17
D
iv is io n s a n d
D
epartm ents
I. Division of the Humanities—H arold M . M arch , Chairman.
Classics, L. R . Shero, Chairman.
English, P hilip M. H icks, Chairman.
Fine Arts, R obert M. W alker, Chairman.
German, L ydia B aer, Chairman.
History, M ary A lbertson, Chairman.
Music, A lfred J. Sw an , Chairman.
Philosophy and R eligion, R ichard B. B randt, Chairman.
Psychology and Education, R ichard S. C rutchfield, Chairman.
Romance Languages, E dith Philips, Chairman.
II.
Division of the Social Sciences—J. R oland Pennock, Chairman.
Economics, C lair W ilcox , Chairman.
History, M ary A lbertson, Chairman.
Philosophy and Religion, R ichard B. B randt, Chairman.
Political Science, J. R oland Pennock, Chairman.
Psychology and Education, R ichard S. C rutchfield, Chairman.
III.
Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences—
E dward H. C ox , Chairman.
Botany, L uzern G. L ivingston, Chairman.
Chemistry, H. Jermain C reighton, Chairman.
Electrical Engineering, H oward M. Jenkins, Chairman.
Mathematics and Astronomy, A rnold D resden, Chairman.
Physics, W illiam C. E lmore , Chairman.
Psychology, R ichard S. C rutchfield, Chairman.
Zoology, R obert K. E nders, Chairman.
IV.
Division of Engineering—H oward M. Jenkins, Chairman.
Civil Engineering, Samuel T . C arpenter, Chairman.
Electrical Engineering, H oward M. Jenkins, Chairman.
Mechanical Engineering, W illiam E. R easer, Chairman.
Chemistry, H . Jermain Creighton, Chairman.
Mathematics, A rnold D resden, Chairman.
Physics, W illiam C. Elmore , Chairman.
18
St a n d i n g C
o m m it t e e s
of
the
Facu lty
1948-49
Baer, Chairman.
Bowie, Fraser, Marriott, Reaser.
absence:
( men ): Hunt, Chairman.
Brinkmann, Carpenter, Carrell, Cobbs, Moore, Prentice, Thatcher, Weber.
admissions
(women ): Cobbs, Chairman.
Affleck, Becker, French, Hunt, Keighton, Moran.
admissions
Klees, Chairman.
Garrahan, March, Rath, Walker, F. Wilcox.
arts and crafts:
Stetson, Chairman.
Carpenter, Carrell, Cox, Elverson, Rath, Reaser, Scott, Thatcher, with Charles
C. Miller.
athletics :
Becker, Chairman.
Carrell, McCrumm, Moran, Stolper, Wasow.
awards and prizes :
van de Kamp, Chairman.
Becker, Cuttino, Enders, Lipson, Swan.
cooper foundation :
Brandt, Chairman.
Albertson, Brinkmann, Crutchfield, Elmore, Jenkins, Livingston, Pennock,
E. Wright.
curriculum :
Jenkins, Chairman.
Asch, Beardsley, Garrett, Lafore, E. Wright.
fellowship :
Nason, Chairman.
Cobbs, Dresden, Hunt, Jenkins, Perkins, Walker, C. Wilcox, B. Wood.
instruction:
Albertson, Chairman.
Brandt, Enders, Malin, Pennock, Shaw, Sorber, Whicher.
library :
van de Kamp, Chairman.
Lipson, E. Wright, Reaser.
master of art :
Prentice, Chairman.
Enders, Keighton, Livingston, Moore.
pre-medical program :
McCrumm, Chairman.
Cobbs, Field, French, Hunt, W . Wright.
prescribed and extra w ork :
Moore, Chairman.
Brinkmann, Garrahan, Hicks, Shero, Sorber, Stilz.
schedule of classes:
Hunt, Chairman.
Cobbs, Dealing, Malin, Moore, Moran, Prentice, Rath.
student affairs :
Moore, Chairman.
Carpenter, Cobbs, Creighton, Hunt, Philips, B. Wood.
student records:
travel allowance :
Reuning, Chairman.
Foster, Tolies.
SECRETARY TO THE FACULTY: Jenkins.
19
Administrative Officers and Assistants
P r e s i d e n t ’s O
f f ic e
President, John W . N ason, B.A., Carleton College; B.A., University of Oxford;
M.A., Harvard University; LLJ)., University of Pennsylvania, Carleton Col
lege; Litt.D., Muhlenberg College, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital
o f Philadelphia.
Secretaries: E m m a A bbett, Diploma, Indiana State Teachers College.
E lsa P almer Jenkins, B A ., Swarthmore College.
V
i c e - P r e s i d e n t ’s
O
f f ic e
Vice-President, James A. P erkins, B A ., Swarthmore College; M.A. and Ph.D.,
Princeton University.
Secretary, E lizabeth S. M icheals, B.A., Dickinson College.
D
eans’
O
f f ic e s
Deans:
Susan P. C obbs, B.A., Randolph-Macon Woman’s College; M A , New York
University; Ph.D., University of Chicago.
E verett L. H unt, B.A., Huron College; M.A., University o f Chicago; D.Litt.,
Huron College.
Associate Deans:
J ohn M. M oore, B A ., Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary; M.A.,
Harvard University; Ph.D., Columbia University.
A lice L. M oran, B.S., Purdue University; M A ., Radcliffe College.
Assistant Deans:
J. D emaris A ffleck, B.A., Swarthmore College.
Jeptha J. C arrell, B.A., Franklin and Marshall College.
Head Residents in Dormitories:
H elen F. N orth , Parrish Hall; B A ., M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University.
M onique B ilbault H ovey , French House.
Sara M. L ittle , Worth Dormitory; B.A., Smith College.
Janet M. B aldwin , Palmer Hall; B A ., Swarthmore College.
Secretaries to the Deans:
M yrtle R. Keeny , B.A., Dickinson College.
Frances W ills Slaugh, B A ., Swarthmore College.
Secretaries to the Associate Deans:
D oris T est.
J ean M cC. Storck.
Secretary to the Assistant Dean:
C aroline P. H enry , B.A., William and Mary College.
R
e g i s t r a r ’s
O
f f ic e
Registrar, John M. M oore, B A ., Park College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary
M A ., Harvard University; Ph.D., Columbia University.
Secretary, M ildred T . W alichuck , B A ., Bucknell University.
20
L
ib r a r y
St a f f
College Library
Librarian, C harles B. Sh aw , B.A., M.A., and L.H.D., Clark University.
Reference Librarian, C atharine J. P ierce, B.A., Women’s College of the Uni
versity of North Carolina; M.S., Columbia University.
Chief, Technical Departments, M artha A. C onnor, B.S. in Education, Uni
versity of Pennsylvania; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute; M.A., University of
Pennsylvania.
Chief, Circulation Department, M ary E. W agner, B.A., Hood College; B.S.
in L.S., Drexel Institute.
Periodicals Librarian, M ary G. T ait , B.A., Wells College; B.S. in L.S., Drexel
Institute.
Senior Cataloging Assistant, M argaret W . Z erby, B.A. and M.A., Bucknell Uni
versity; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute.
Junior Cataloging Assistants, Elizabeth S. Sharpless, B.A., Swarthmore College.
M ary Cargill, B.A., Agnes Scott College; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute.
Reference Assistant, M argaret A ustin, B.A., Bethany College; B.L.S., Western
Reserve University.
Circulation Assistants, A nne W . K inter; L ouise W agner, B.A., Wellesley
College; M arion C onver, B.A., Adelphi College, M.A., Columbia University.
Order Assistant, H elen J. Comstock .
Clerical Assistant, J oan R. P iccard.
Friends Historical Library
Librarian, Frederick B. T olles, B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., Harvard University.
Assistant Librarian,
D orothy G. H arris, B.A., Wellesley College; B.S. in L.S., Drexel Institute.
Curator of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Ellen Starr B rinton .
Assistant Curator, W illiam F isher B rinton , B.S., Haverford College.
B
u s in e s s
M
a n a g e r ’s
O
f f ic e
Business Manager, C harles G. T hatcher, B. A., Swarthmore College; M.E., Cornell
University; M.M.E., Johns Hopkins University.
Assistant Business Manager, Samuel G. E ckerd, B.A., Swarthmore College.
Bookkeeper, E lizabeth R . H irst.
Assistants: G race R . B abbitt, E dna B. C orson, G ertrude G erould.
Accountant, G. C aroline Shero, B.A., Swarthmore College; M.B.A., University
of Pennsylvania.
Purchasing Agent, A lvin R . C arney .
Secretary, V irginia S. R owland , B.A., Swarthmore College.
Manager of Bookstore, Jean M. Sorber.
Assistant in Bookstore, M ary B. B lack .
Stenographic Staff: M atilde N ester, J une D unn, A nna Frieze, M arian R ansberg.
Postmistress, A nne B radford.
Switchboard Operators: A ym e G osman , K athryn G oldsmith.
S u p e r i n t e n d e n t ’s O
f f ic e
* Superintendent, A ndrew Simpson , B A ., Swarthmore College; M.S., Cornell Uni
versity.
Director of Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foundation, John C. W ister, B.A.,
Harvard University; D.Sc., Swarthmore College.
Acting Superintendent and Head Gardener, H arry W ood.
Assistant to the Superintendent, C lifford R enshaw , Sr .
Secretaries: V eronica Sullivan, L eicester C. Clark , Francis K avanagh .*
* Absent on leave.
21
H
ouse
D
ir e c t o r ’s
O
f f ic e
House Director, Ethel Stilz , Ph.B., University o£ Chicago;
University.
Assistant, Sara M. L ittle, B.A., Smith College.
Secretary, K athryn A. D avisson.
D
i e t i t i a n ’s
O
M.A., Columbia
f f ic e
Dietitian, R uth E. C arr, B.S., Simmons College.
Assistant Dietitian, H ilda H opkins Sm ith , B.S., Simmons College.
A
lum ni
O
f f ic e
Acting Alumni Secretary, K enneth A llebach .
Assistant, K athryn B assett.
Alumni Recorder, P auline D eacon .
Acting Vocational Director of Men, K enneth A llebach .
C
a m p a ig n
O
f f ic e
u b l ic it y
O
f f ic e
Director, H arriet M. W elsh.
Secretary, B arbara H eld.
P
Director, J anet M. B aldwin , B A ., Swarthmore College.
Assistant, J ohn I. B rooks, B.A., Swarthmore College.
H
ealth
Se r v ic e
Physician, M orris A. B owie , B.A., University of Colorado; M.D., Harvard University.
Nurses:
A nne A ustin, R.N., B lanche D evereux, R.N., R egina L. H oltzman , R.N.,
C am ille Jones, R.N.
H
onorary
C
urators
of
the
C harles F. J enkins, Chairman..........
Frank A ydelotte ......................................
C lement M . B iddle ......................... P.O.
L a V erne F orbush..................................
James R . Frorer ......................................
H annah C lothier H u l l ..................... .
Jesse M erritt ..........................................
Louis N . R obinson ..................................
Jane P. R ushmore ..................................
B
id d l e
M
e m o r ia l
L
ib r a r y
.. .232 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia 6
................... 88 Battle Road, Princeton, N. J.
Box 743, Church Street Station, New York 8
..........8 Wyndhurst Avenue, Baltimore, Md.
...........Weldin Road, Wilmington 284, Del.
......................... 504 Walnut Lane, Swarthmore
.............................................Farmingdale, L. I.
....................411 College Avenue, Swarthmore
.................................................. Riverton, N. J.
INTRODUCTION TO
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
The College Community
Swarthxnore College, founded in 1864 by members of the Religious
Society of Friends, is a small co-educational college situated twelve
miles southwest of Philadelphia. In accordance with the traditions of
its Quaker background, Swarthmore students are expected to prepare
themselves for full, well-rounded lives as individuals and as responsible
citizens through exacting intellectual study supplemented by a varied
program of sports and extra-curricular activities.
Swarthmore is a residential college with an enrollment, in normal
years, of seven hundred and fifty students, equally divided between
men and women. Its students are drawn from a wide variety of back
grounds.* T he campus, a tract of about 250 rolling acres in Delaware
County, contains the dormitories and class room buildings. In addi
tion, a large number of faculty houses are within campus boundaries,
making it possible for students to have valuable social contacts with
their professors outside the class room.
T h e borough of Swarthmore is a small residential suburb within
half an hour’s commuting distance of Philadelphia on the West Chester
Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Situated on U.S. Highway No. 1
about twelve miles southwest o f Philadelphia, Swarthmore is easily
accessible by car.** Swarthmore students are therefore able to combine
the advantages of a semi-rural setting with the opportunities offered
by Philadelphia. Especially valuable is the cooperation possible with
three other nearby institutions, Bryn Mawr and Haverford Colleges
and the University of Pennsylvania.
* (See table o f geographical distribution o f students, page 142.)
** T o reach the college, motorists should turn off Route 1 to Pennsylvania State
Highway 320 in the direction of Chester and continue south along Chester Road
about half a mile until reaching College Avenue. There a right turn is made to
the college campus.
24
T
he
P
u rposes
and
P
o l ic ie s
of
SW ARTH M ORE COLLEGE
The purpose of Swarthmore College is to make its students more
valuable human beings and more useful members of society.
Swarthmore shares this purpose with every other educational insti
tution. Each in its own way seeks the development of human beings
as individuals. Each seeks to direct their energies and talents toward
the common good. American education is a direct result of our demo
cratic principles. Democracy is based upon the infinite worth of each
individual. It can operate successfully only when men are willing to
seek together a common good. It depends upon knowledge and under
standing of the complex problems of modern society. The debt of
our educational system to democracy is equalled only by the debt of
democracy to education.
While a common purpose underlies all American education, each
school and college and university seeks to realize that purpose in its
own way. Each must select those tasks it can do best. Only in this
way can it be most effective. Only by such selection can it contribute
to the diversity and richness of educational opportunity which is a
part of the American heritage and of the American strength. This
statement attempts to outline those goals and policies which define
Swarthmore’s place and function.
T he
religious tradition
Swarthmore College was founded by the Religious Society of
Friends, and it seeks to illuminate the life of its students with the
spiritual principles of that Society. Although it has been non-sectarian
in control since the beginning of the present century and although
the children o f Friends are in a minority, the College seeks to pre
serve the religious tradition out of which it sprang.
T he essence of Quakerism is the individual’s responsibility for seek
ing truth and for applying whatever truth he believes he has found.
As a way of life, it emphasizes hard work, simple living, and generous
giving; personal integrity, social justice, and the peaceful settlement
of disputes. T he College does not seek to impose on its students this
Quaker view of life, or any other specific set of convictions about the
nature of things and the duty of man. It does, however, have the two
fold aim o f encouraging conscious concern about such questions and
25
unceasing re-examination of any view which may be held regarding
them. That is the kind of ethical and religious character which
Swarthmore seeks to develop.
T he
comm unity life
Swarthmore is a small college by deliberate policy. It is semi-rural
in location, residential and co-educational in character. These features
create an ideal environment for personal growth. Co-education pro
vides the most natural atmosphere for both men and women, who
in their common work and play come to value each other for their
true worth. T h e residential character is the basis for a community
life in which the ideals of the college influence every member. Growth
in emotional maturity, necessary both for personal satisfaction and
for effective action, is an integral part of the total educational pro
gram.
For this reason the College encourages a wide variety of extra
curricular activities. Participation in sports has many values, social
as well as individual. Membership in student organizations is im
portant. In practising parliamentary procedure and in facing the
victories and defeats of elective office, students learn to live together,
ironing out the clash of personalities and the friction of different
views. They learn the effectiveness of enthusiasm and the frustration
of indifference. They learn to soften their uncritical intolerance as
they struggle to live successfully together. They learn the meaning of
responsibility as they become responsible for their activities.
A cademic
excellence
Democracy demands a broad base of intelligent understanding of
issues. It also necessitates a high order of excellence in those who are
destined to become its leaders. Swarthmore can best serve society by
the maintenance of high standards. It is peculiarly fitted by tradition
and performance for this essential role, and it is precisely this readiness
to do a particular job well that gives the College its value in the
educational mosaic of American democracy.
Education is largely an individual matter, for no two students are
exactly alike. Some need detailed help, while others profit from con
siderable freedom. T he program of honors study, in which Swarth
more pioneered, is designed to give recognition to this fact. It is the
most distinctive feature of our educational program. For many stu26
dents it provides an enriching and exciting intellectual experience.
It has as its main ingredients freedom from class work, m a x im u m
latitude for the development of individual responsibility, concen
trated work in broad fields of study, and close association with faculty
members in small seminars. The honors program and the course
program are parallel systems of instruction for students during their
last two years. Both are designed to evoke the maximum effort and
development from each student, the choice of method being deter
mined by individual need.
A dmissions
In the selection of students the College seeks those qualities of
character, social responsibility, and intellectual capacity which it is
primarily concerned to develop. It seeks them not in isolation, but as
essential elements in the whole personality of candidates for admission.
In the competition for admission preference is given to the chil
dren of Friends and alumni who can meet the requirements. It is
also the policy of the College to have the student body represent not
only different parts of the United States but many foreign countries,
both public and private secondary schools, and various economic,
social, religious, and racial groups.
Selection is important and difficult. N o simple formula will be
effective. The task is to select those who give real promise of dis
tinction in the quality of their personal lives, in service to the com
munity, or in leadership in their chosen fields. Swarthmore College
must choose its students on the basis of their individual future worth
to society and of their collective realization of the purpose of the
College.
A college is never static. Its purposes and policies are always chang
ing to meet new demands and new conditions. The founders of
Swarthmore would find in it today many features they never con
templated when they shaped the College in the middle of the nine
teenth century. Swarthmore, if it is to remain alive, must be forever
changing. And many people are continually engaged in shaping its
destiny—the Board of Managers, administration, faculty, students,
alumni, parents, and the community as a whole. The goal is to achieve
for each generation, by means appropriate to the times, that unique
contribution and that standard of excellence which have been guiding
ideals of Swarthmore from its founding.
27
T
he
E d u c a t io n a l
Program
Swarthmore’s educational program is based on the philosophy that
self-discovery and self-development are more valuable than the simple
demonstrative method of teaching. Therefore, whenever it is possible,
students are encouraged to make their own analyses, based on original
source material or on laboratory experiments.
Believing also that a liberal education is based on knowledge in
many areas of human experience, the college requires that freshmen
and sophomores take a wide variety of courses. This plan allows them
to test their ability in subjects they have already studied and to
explore new fields. By the end of their sophomore year, students are
expected to make two decisions: first, what their field of concentration
will be for the last two years; and secondly, whether they prefer to
take “ honors work” or to continue their study in regular courses.
“ Honors work” (see pages 54 to 57) is a method of study open to
juniors and seniors who have shown independence and responsibility
in their academic work. They are freed from classroom routine and
instead, meet with their instructors in small weekly seminar groups
for discussion and evaluation of their work. Since a student pursues
only one major and one related minor subject during a semester, this
system facilitates greater concentration and greater independence than
is possible under the usual academic routine. The development of the
“ honors” or seminar method was begun under President Aydelotte
in 1922, and because of its success, has been widely imitated in other
institutions.
Admissions Procedure
Applications for admission should be addressed to the Deans of the
College: from men, to Dean Everett L. Hunt; from women, to Dean
Susan P. Cobbs.
G
eneral
St a t e m
ent
Admission to the Freshman Class is normally based upon the satis
factory completion o f a four-year program preparatory to advanced
liberal study. Applicants are selected on the following evidence:
28
1. Record in secondary school;
2. Recommendation of the school principal or headmaster and of
others who know the applicant;
3. Ratings in the Scholastic Aptitude Tests, and in three of the
Scholastic Achievement Tests given by thé College Entrance
Examination Board. Other ratings will also be considered, and
in some cases, special tests may be given by the college. The
special tests for veterans are described on pages 31 and 32.
4. Personal interview with one of the Deans or an appointed rep
resentative;
5. Reading and experience, both in school and out.
Applicants should have high rank in school and in aptitude and
achievement tests, and should show strong intellectual interests. They
should also give evidence of sturdiness of character, promise of growth,
initiative, seriousness o f purpose, and a sense of social responsibility.
As future members of the college community, they should represent
varied interests, types, and backgrounds.
P r e p a r a t io n
Applicants are urged to make their choice of college as early as
possible in order to plan the work of their school years with the
assistance of the Committees on Admission. In general, preparation
should include:
1. Skills: The following skills are essential to success in college
work and should be brought to a high level by study and prac
tice throughout the preparatory period:
a. The use of the English language with accuracy and effective
ness in reading, writing, and speaking.
b. T he use of the principles of arithmetic, algebra, and plane
geometry.
c. The use o f one, or preferably of two, foreign languages to
the point o f reading prose of average difficulty at sight, and of
writing and speaking with some ease and proficiency.
2. Subjects: All, or almost all, of the preparatory course should be
composed of the subjects listed in the following four groups.
Variations of choice and emphasis are acceptable although some
work should be taken in each group.
29
History and Social Studies: American, English, European, and
ancient history; political, social, and economic problems of
m odem society.
Literature and Art: American, English, and foreign literatures,
ancient and m odem ; music, art, architecture.
Natural Science and Mathematics: chemistry, physics, biology,
astronomy; algebra, geometry, trigonometry. A college major
in science or engineering presupposes substantial work in
algebra, in plane and, if possible, solid geometry, and in
trigonometry.
Languages: English, Latin, Greek, German, French, Spanish,
other European or Oriental languages. Applicants who expect
to major in science are strongly advised to include German
and, if possible, French in their school programs.
A
dvanced
St a n d i n g
For favorable consideration, applicants for advanced standing must
have had a good scholastic record in the institution from which they
wish to transfer, and must present full credentials for both college and
preparatory work and a letter of honorable dismissal. They must also
take the Scholastic Aptitude and Achievement Tests required of a
freshman entrant, unless they have already taken these tests for ad
mission to another college.
As a general rule, students are not admitted to advanced standing
later than the beginning of the sophomore year. Four terms of study
at Swarthmore College constitute the minimum requirement for a
degree, two of which must be those of the senior year.
A
p p l ic a t io n s
and
Exam
in a t io n s
Applications must be filed in the office of the Deans by February 15
for women, by March 15 for men, of the year in which the candidate
wishes to be admitted. An application fee of $5.00, which is not re
fundable, is required of all candidates.
All applicants for admission are required to take the Scholastic
Aptitude Test and three Achievement Tests given by the College
Entrance Examination Board. A candidate who is studying mathe
matics during the year in which he is examined should take Program 2
of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (Intermediate Mathematics). A student
30
who is not studying mathematics should take Program 1 regardless
of the extent of his training. Engineering candidates and others with
special permission may take Program 3, which includes Trigonometry.
T he Achievement Test in English Composition is required of all
candidates; the other two Achievement Tests are chosen by the
candidate from two different fields. Candidates for engineering may
take the Spatial Relations Test.
In 1949 these tests will be given in various centers throughout this
country and abroad on January 15, April 9, June 4, and August 24.
Applicants are normally expected to take the required tests in April
of their Senior year. They may take the Scholastic Aptitude Test in
January if they wish. Those who wish to take the tests for practice
at the end of the Junior year are encouraged to do so. All such appli
cants must repeat the tests in their Senior year, however, in order to
give themselves the advantage o f maximum preparation.
Application to take the tests should be made directly to the College
Entrance Examination Board, Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey. A
bulletin o f information may be obtained without charge from the
Board. Students who wish to take the tests in any of the following
western states, territories, and Pacific areas, Arizona, California, Colo
rado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Wash
ington, Wyoming, Alaska, Hawaii, Australia, and all Pacific Islands
except Formosa and Japan, should address their inquiries and send
their applications to the College Entrance Examination Board, Box
775, Berkeley 4, California.
N o additional tests are required of candidates for scholarships. They
must, however, write for a special application blank at least two weeks
in advance of the date on which applications for admission are due.
There are five Open Scholarships for men and three for women,
offered each year in amounts ranging from $100 to $1000. Fuller in
formation concerning these and other scholarships will be found on
pages 33 to 40.
Notices of the action of the Admissions Committee will be mailed
about May 15.
Veterans. Admission requirements for veterans are, in general, the
same as those for other candidates. Veterans who have returned to
high school for academic work should take the regular Scholastic
Aptitude and Achievement Tests of the College Entrance Examination
Board, as described above. Other veterans may take the Special
Aptitude Test for Veterans, also administered by the Board. Con
sideration will be given to the results of. the General Educational
Development Tests, administered by USAFI, or the tests given by the
Veterans Administration, but these tests may not ordinarily be sub
stituted for those of the College Entrance Examination Board.
Expenses
Charges per academic year of two semesters:
Board, room, and t u it io n ................................................ $1200
General fee ........................................................................
75
............ ................................. $1275
Total charges
W hile a general charge for board, room, and tuition is made, this
may be divided into $600 for tuition and $600 for board and room.
The general fee of $75 per year covers the costs of student health,
library and laboratory fees, athletic fees, arts and crafts, and the
support of several other extra curricular activities.
An additional deposit of $25 per semester is required of each student,
payable in advance, to cover incidental bills. Students may charge
purchases at the college bookstore, and certain other charges agreed to
by the Business Office. W hen this deposit has been exhausted a new
one will be required immediately. Any unused balance is returned.
One half of the total sum is due not later than Registration Day at
the beginning of the fall semester. Bills are mailed before the opening
of the current term. Payments should be made by check or draft to
the order of Swarthmore C ollege. In case a student’s bill is not
paid by the end of the first month, he may be excluded from all college
exercises. Correspondence about financial matters should be addressed
to the Business Manager, Mr. Charles G. Thatcher.
N o reduction or refunding of the tuition charge can be made on
account of absence, illness or dismissal during the year. If a student
shall withdraw or be absent from college for any reason, there will be
no reduction or refund because of failure to occupy the room assigned
for that term. In case of illness or absence for other reasons from the
college for six weeks or more, there will be a proportionate reduction
32
Worth Hall (a Dormitory for Women).
for board, provided that notice be given to the Business Manager
at the time of withdrawal. Fees cannot be refunded for any reason
whatever.
T
he
T
u it io n
P
lan
Many of the parents of students may wish to pay all tuition, fees,
and residence charges on a monthly basis. It is now possible to arrange
this under T he Tuition Plan. T he cost is four percent greater than
when payments are made in cash in advance. Details of its operation
will be furnished by the College with the first semester’s bill in Sep
tember.
St u d e n t A
id
and
Sc h o l a r s h ip s
The college furnishes scholarships and financial assistance to deserv
ing students from its general funds and from special endowments.
All applications for scholarships are handled by the Committee on
Admissions and Scholarships and should be addressed to the Deans.
H onorary Scholarships are granted by the college in recognition
of good scholastic standing and financial need. The specially endowed
scholarship funds are listed below.
G rants-in -aid , to a lim ited number, may be awarded to students of
average scholastic standing and financial need w ho could not earn all
they need without serious detriment to their academic work.
C ollege J obs afford opportunities to earn money by regular work
at current wage rates in one of the college offices, shops, laboratories
or libraries. A student may hold a college job in addition to a
scholarship or a grant-in-aid. T he distribution of jobs among those
authorized to hold them is made under the direction of the Business
Manager. Residents of the borough of Swarthmore often send requests
for services to the college, which cooperates in making these oppor
tunities known to students.
E
ndow ed
S c h o l a r s h ip s
O pen Scholarships for M en . Swarthmore College awards annually
five four-year scholarships to men entering the freshman class. These
scholarships, based on the general plan of the Rhodes Scholarships,
are given to candidates who, in the opinion o f the Committee of
Award, rank highest in scholarship, character and personality. The
33
amount o f the annual award varies from $100 to $1000 according to
the financial need of the winner. All candidates are required to take
the Scholastic Aptitude and Achievement Tests given by the College
Board. Blanks with further information may be obtained from the
admissions office of the college.
O pen Scholarships
for
W om en . Mr. and Mrs. Daniel S. White,
of the Class of 1875, on the occasion of the Fiftieth Reunion of that
class, established three open competitive scholarships for women, in
the names of Howard White, Jr., Serena B. White, and Walter W.
Green. These scholarships are given to candidates who, in the opinion
of the Committee of Award, rank highest in scholarship, character and
personality. T he amount o f the award is determined in the same way
as the scholarships for men. All candidates are required to take the
Scholastic Aptitude and Achievement Tests given by the College
Board. Blanks with further information may be obtained from the
admissions office of the college.
T he A lumna ; Scholarship , established by the Philadelphia and
New York Alumnae Clubs, is awarded on the same basis as the Open
Scholarships. It is awarded for one year and is valued at $500.
A lumni Scholarships. Occasional scholarships are provided for
men by Alumni clubs in cooperation with the college, on a regional
basis. Applications should be addressed to the Dean of Men.
T he C hi O mega Scholarship was established by members and
friends of the Chi Omega Fraternity. The income provides an award of
approximately $225 annually to a member of the freshman class who
is in definite need of financial aid. Preference is given to daughters or
sons of members of the fraternity, but if in any year such a candidate
does not apply, the committee will select a freshman woman to receive
the award. Applications should be sent to the Office of the Deans be
fore January 1st of the year in which the award is to be made. A mem
ber designated by the Fraternity serves on the Committee of Award.
C lass Scholarships . T wo scholarships are offered to the highest
ranking student in the freshman and in the sophomore classes; the
Anson Lapham and the Samuel J. Underhill Scholarships. Each has
the value of $200, if won by a resident student; o f $100, if won by a
day student.
The C lass of 1915 Scholarship F und was established on the
occasion o f the Twenty-fifth Reunion of the Class and provides an
34
income of approximately $435. This sum is to be awarded either to
freshmen or students in college, with preference given to descendants
of the members of the Class of 1915. T he Business Manager, the
Deans, and members of the Class of 1915 designated by Thomas B.
McCabe shall constitute the Committee of Award. This Fund will
become a part of the General Endowment of the College on Alumni
Day, 1970.
j
The Sarah K aighn C ooper Scholarship, founded by Sallie K.
Johnson in memory of her grandparents, Sarah Kaighn and Sarah
Cooper, is awarded to a man in the Junior Class who is judged by the
faculty to have had, since entering College, the best record for scholar
ship, character, and influence. The value of this scholarship is approx
imately $225 annually.
The D onald R enwick F erguson Scholarship, established by Mrs.
Amy Baker Ferguson, in memory of her husband, Donald Renwick
Ferguson, M.D. of the Class of 1912, who died during the Second
W orld War, is awarded to a young man who is looking forward to the
study of medicine. The scholarship will pay $600.
Friends’ C ollege Scholarships. Swarthmore College, with a group
of other Friends’ Colleges, has established two kinds of scholarships:
(1) to assist Friends discharged from C.P.S. camps to continue their
education; (2) to enable students from the smaller Friends’ Colleges
to spend a year at one of the three cooperating colleges in the Philadel
phia area: Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore. These scholarships
will be granted in varying amounts according to need and ability.
The J oseph E. G illingham F und, with an annual income of ap
proximately $2,250, was bequeathed to the College in 1907 with the
stipulation, “ I request but I do not direct that part of the income of
this legacy may be used for free scholarships for meritorious students.”
The R achel W . H illborn Scholarship was founded by Anne
Hillborn Philips of the Class of 1892 in memory of her mother, with
the stipulation that the income shall go to a student in the junior or
senior class who is studying for service in the international field.
Preference will be given to a Friend or to one who intends to con
tribute to world understanding through diplomatic service, participa
tion in some international government agency, the American Friends
Service Committee, or similar activities. The annual income amounts
to approximately $450.
35
T h e A aron B. I vins Scholarship is awarded annually to a young
man of the graduating class of Friends Central School, Overbrook,
Philadelphia. It is awarded under the following conditions: T he recip
ient must have been a student at Friends Central for at least two years,
he must have good health, high grades, and must be the best all-around
student in his class desirous o f entering Swarthmore College. This
scholarship, awarded by the faculty o f Friends Central School, and
subject to the approval of Swarthmore College, has the value of ap
proximately $450 for a resident student and a maximum of $400 for
a non-resident student.
T he G eorge K. and Sallie K. J ohnson F und provides $450 a year,
to be used, at the discretion of the President of the College, in granting
financial aid to young women during their senior year, it being the
donor’s desire that the President must be satisfied that the applicant
is fitted to become a desirable teacher.
T he income of the K appa A lph a T heta Scholarship F und, given
by members and friends of the Kappa Alpha Theta Fraternity at
Swarthmore, is awarded annually to a woman student. T he award
amounts to approximately $125 annually. One or more members o f the
fraternity who are on the Board of Managers serve on the Committee
of Award.
T h e J essie Stevenson K ovalenko Scholarship F und, the gift of
Michel Kovalenko in memory o f his wife, provides an annual income
of $225. This sum is to be awarded to a student, preferably a woman,
who is in her junior or senior year and who is a major in astronomy,
or to a graduate of the college, preferably a woman, for graduate work
in astronomy at Swarthmore or elsewhere.
The M ary T . L ongstreth Scholarship was founded by Rebecca
C. Longstreth in memory of her mother and is to be awarded annually
‘‘at the discretion of the President of the College to assist a young
woman student to pursue her studies in the College.”
M em orial * Scholarships in C lassics and A ncient H istory . In
memory of W illiam Hyde Appleton, Ferris W . Price, and Walter
Dennison, Professors of Classics at Swarthmore College prior to 1917,
two scholarships are offered, one to a man, one to a woman who desires
to specialize in Greek, Latin, Classics, or Ancient History. Each award
normally carries a stipend of $200 a term. T h e scholarships are com
petitive. In addition to the requirements for the Open Scholarships,
36
the candidate must make a high rating in a competitive Latin Reading
test set by the Department o f Classics.
The J ames E. M iller Scholarship provides an annual income of
approximately $200 which may be applied toward the payment of
board and tuition of students of Delaware County (preference to be
given to residents of Nether Providence Township). The ChesterCambridge Trust Company acts as Trustee of this fund and selects the
holder of the scholarship, in consultation with the Superintendent of
Schools of Delaware County and of the City of Chester, and subject to
the approval of Swarthmore College.
T h e H arriet W . P aiste F und is limited by the following words
from the donor’s will: “ the interest to be applied annually to the edu
cation of female members of our Society of Friends (holding their
Yearly Meeting at Fifteenth and Race Streets, Philadelphia) whose
limited means would exclude them from enjoying the advantages of
an education at the college.” The value of this scholarship is approxi
mately $350 annually.
T he T . H. D udley P erkins M emorial Scholarship is awarded
annually to a young man selected by a committee of the faculty ap
pointed by the President of the college for the purpose. T he award
will be made on the basis of qualities of manhood, force of character
and leadership: literary and scholastic ability; physical vigor as shown
by participation in out-of-doors sports or in other ways.
The M ary C oates P reston Scholarship F und. A sum of money
has been left by will of Elizabeth Coates, the annual interest of which
will be about $450. This amount is given as a scholarship to a young
woman student in Swarthmore College, preferably to a relative of the
donor.
The W illiam G. and M ary N. Serrill H onors Scholarship is a
competitive Honors Scholarship for Men, awarded to a candidate for
admission to the college, based upon the general plan of the Rhodes
Scholarships. It is tenable for four years, subject to the maintenance
of a high standing in college. T he annual stipend is $375. Preference
will be given to men who are residents of Abington Township, includ
ing Jenkintown and Glenside, Montgomery County, Pa., but if there is
no outstanding candidate from this locality, the scholarship will be
open to competition generally.
The A nnie Shoemaker Scholarship is granted annually to a young
woman of the graduating class of Friends Central School, Overbrook,
37
Philadelphia. T he recipient must have been a student at Friends
Central for at least two years, she must have good health, high grades,
and must be the best all-around student in her class desirous of enter
ing Swarthmore College. This scholarship, awarded by the faculty of
Friends Central School, and subject to the approval of Swarthmore
College, has the value of $500 for a resident student and $400 for a
day student.
T he J onathan K. T aylor Scholarship, in accordance with the
donor’s will, is awarded by the Board of Trustees of the Baltimore
Monthly Meeting of Friends. This scholarship is first open to descend
ants of the late Jonathan K. Taylor. Then, while preference is to be
given to members of the Baltimore Yearly Meeting of Friends, it is
not to be confined to them when suitable persons in membership can
not be found. T he value of this scholarship is approximately $450
annually.
T he P hebe A nna T horne F und provides an income of approxi
mately $2,150 for scholarships for students needing pecuniary assist
ance whose previous work has demonstrated their earnestness and their
ability. This gift includes a clause of preference to those students who
are members of the New York Monthly Meeting of Friends. These
scholarships are awarded by the college under the regulations fixed by
the board.
T he W estbury Q uarterly M eeting, N. Y., Scholarship , amount
ing to $350, is awarded annually by a committee of that Quarterly
Meeting.
T he Sam uel W illets F und yields an income of approximately
$4,300 annually, “ to be applied to educate in part or in whole such
poor and deserving children as the Committee on Trusts, Endow
ments and Scholarships o f said college may from time to time judge
and determine to be entitled thereto.”
In addition to the above fund, Samuel Willets gave scholarships
in the name o f his children, Frederick W illets, E dward W illets,
W alter W illets, and C aroline W . Fram e . These scholarships have
the value o f $225 each. They are awarded by the respective parties,
their heirs or assigns, or in the event that the heirs do not exercise
their right, by the college authorities.
T h e I. V. W illiamson Scholarships. Ten scholarships o f the value
o f $150 each for resident students and $75 for day students are offered
38
to graduates of designated Friends’ schools, under the following con
ditions:
Candidates must apply to the Office of the Deans at the college
before March first.
Candidates must take the scholarship examinations given by the
College Entrance Examination Board. T he results of these examina
tions, together with other evidence of achievement and promise, will
determine the award.
T he scholarships are distributed as follows: two each to graduates of
Friends Central and George School, one in the boys’ and one in the
girls’ department; and one each to New York Friends Seminary, Balti
more Friends School, W ilmington Friends School, Moorestown Friends
School, Friends Academy at Locust Valley, Sidwell Friends School
and Brooklyn Friends School.
Any income not utilized in accordance with these conditions is used
for free scholarships in accordance with the will of the donor.
The E dward C larkson W ilson Scholarship . A scholarship with
an annual value of $125 has been established at Swarthmore by friends
of Edward Clarkson Wilson, ’91, formerly Principal of the Baltimore
Friends School. It will be awarded each year to a former student of the
Baltimore Friends School, who has been approved by the faculty of
the school, on the basis of high character and high standing in scholar
ship. In any year when there is no outstanding candidate from the
students of the Baltimore Friends School, the scholarship may be
awarded to another young man or woman who shall meet the required
standards and who is approved by the school faculty and the college.
T he M ary W ood F und is limited by the following words from the
donor’s will: “ the income thereof to be, by the proper officers thereof,
applied to the maintenance and education at said college of one female
student therein, one preparing for the avocation of a teacher to be
preferred as the beneficiary, but in all other respects the application of
the income of said fund to be in the absolute discretion of the college.”
The value of this scholarship is approximately $65 annually.
Each of the following funds yields annually about $215 and is
awarded at the discretion of the college to students needing pecuniary
aid:
39
T he
T he
T he
The
B arclay G. A tkinson Scholarship F und.
R ebecca M. A tkinson Scholarship F und.
W illiam D orsey Scholarship F und.
G eorge E llsler Scholarship F und.
T he T homas L. L eedom Scholarship F und.
T he Sarah E. L ippincott Scholarship F und.
T he M ark E. R eeves Scholarship F und.
T he J oseph T . Sullivan Scholarship F und.
T he D eborah F. W harton Scholarship F und.
The T homas W oodnutt Scholarship F und.
Sp e c ia l
L
oan
F unds
Several loan funds are administered by a committee to which appli
cation should be made through the Business Manager of the college.
T he C lass of 1913 L oan F und was established by the Class of
1913 at their twenty-fifth reunion. Both principal and income are to be
used to provide a loan fund for students in the three upper classes.
Individual students may borrow up to $200 in any one year, the loans
to be repayable within five years with interest at four percent.
T he C lass of 1916 L oan F und was established by the Class of
1916 at their twenty-fifth reunion. The fund is designed to provide
loans to senior students, preferably descendants of members o f the
Class o f 1916, or to other students at the discretion of the administer
ing committee. T h e loans are repayable not later than five years after
graduation, with interest at the rate of four percent.
T he J ohn A. M iller L oan F und was established by the Class of
1912 at their twenty-fifth reunion. Both principal and income are to
be used to provide a loan fund for students in the three upper classes.
Individual students may borrow up to $200 in any one year, such loans
to be repayable within five years with interest at four percent.
T he P aul M . P earson L oan F und was established by a number of
Dr. Pearson’s friends as a memorial for perpetuating his life and spirit.
Both principal and income may be used for loans to students, repay
able not later than five years after graduation, with interest at the rate
of four percent.
T h e Sw arthmore C ollege Student L oan F und was established
by Mr. Clarence J. Gamble, who, feeling such a fund to be o f unusual
benefit to worthy students, gave a sum to the college on condition that
40
the board should set aside an equal amount to be added to the fund.
Both principal and income may be used for loans to students, repay
able not later than five years after graduation with interest at the rate
of four percent.
The E llis D. W illiams F und. By the will of Ellis D. Williams,
a legacy of $25,000 was left to the college, the income from which is
to be used for loans to students, repayable not later than five years
after graduation, with interest at the rate of four percent.
Educational Resources
The primary educational resources of any college are the quality
of its faculty and the spirit of the institution. Second to these are the
physical facilities, in particular the libraries, laboratories and equip
ment.
Laboratories, well equipped for undergraduate instruction and in
some cases for research, exist in physics, chemistry, zoology, botany,
psychology, astronomy, and in civil, mechanical and electrical engi
neering. The Sproul Observatory with its 36-foot visual refracting
telescope is the center of much fundamental research in multiple star
systems. T he Edward Martin Biological Laboratory provides excep
tional facilities for work in psychology, zoology, botany and pre
medical studies. Recent additions to Hicks Hall increase the facilities
for laboratory instruction and research in engineering.
The Swarthmore C ollege L ibrary , in part o f the gift of Andrew
Carnegie, contains reading rooms, offices, and a collection of 150,143
volumes. Some 5,000 volumes are added annually. About 600 periodi
cals are received regularly. The general collection, including all but
the scientific and technical books and journals, is housed in the library
building, situated on the front campus. An addition providing store
room for 150,000 volumes was erected in 1935. Important special units
of the main library are the Appleton collection of classics and English
literature and the Potter collection of legal material. T he library is
definitely a collection of books and journals for undergraduate use.
The demands of honors work, however, make necessary the provision
of large quantities of source material not usually found in collections
maintained for undergraduates. It is a point of library policy to try to
41
supply, either by purchase or through inter-library loan, the books
needed by students or members of the faculty for their individual
research.
A number of special features enrich the academic background of the
college. Among these are the following:
T he B iddle M emorial L ibrary is an attractive fire-proof structure
of stone and steel given by Clement M. Biddle, ’96, in memory of his
father, Clement M. Biddle, who served for over twenty years as a
member of the Board of Managers or as an officer of the Corporation
of the College. This Library contains two important Collections: the
Friends Historical Library and the Swarthmore College Peace Collec
tion.
T he Friends H istorical L ibrary , founded in 1870 by Anson Lapham, is one of the outstanding collections in the United States of
manuscripts, books, pamphlets, and pictures relating to the history of
the Society of Friends. The library is the central depository for the
records of Friends’ meetings belonging to Philadelphia Yearly Meeting
(Race Street). T he number of record books of these meetings totals
about 900, many of which have been reproduced on microfilm. A
microfilm reading machine is available. Among the other manuscript
holdings are the Charles F. Jenkins Autograph Collection, including
signatures of authors, reformers, and members of the Continental Con
gress; the Charles F. Jenkins Whittier Collection, consisting of first
editions and manuscripts of John Greenleaf Whittier; and journals,
letters, and miscellaneous papers of many Friends. The library’s collec
tion of printed materials by and about Friends includes a large num
ber of seventeenth-century imprints as well as many books, pamphlets,
and periodicals of later date. There is also an extensive collection of
photographs of meeting houses and pictures of representative Friends,
including the original of Sir Peter Lely’s Portrait of George Fox. It
is hoped that Friends and others will consider the advantages of
depositing in this library, for preservation and for the use of scholars,
books and family papers which may throw light on the history of the
Society of Friends.
T h e Sw arthmore C ollege P eace C ollection , also housed in the
Biddle Memorial Library, is of special interest to research students
and others seeking the records of the Peace Movement. Beginning with
Jane Addams’ personal papers and books relating to peace, the collec
tion contains a rich variety o f the documents o f early peace groups
42
as far back as the first peace committees in England and the
United States about 1815, as well as rare peace posters from many
lands, and correspondence and writings of peace and arbitration
leaders. Individual writings on peace date back to about 1642. The
collection includes some 500 titles of magazines and bulletins devoted
to peace, published in the United States and abroad during the past
120 years. There are about 140 titles of bulletins and magazines cur
rently received in eleven languages from 23 countries. This collection
is the official depository for the leading peace organizations in the
United States. A more complete description of the collection will be
found in the Guide to the Swarthmore College Peace Collection,
A Memorial to Jane Addams, published by the College and available
on request.
T he W illiam J. C ooper F oundation provides a varied program
of lectures and concerts which enriches the academic work of the col
lege. The Foundation was established by W illiam J. Cooper, a devoted
friend of the college, whose wife, Emma Mcllvain Cooper, served as
a member of the Board of Managers from 1882 to 1923. Mr. Cooper
bequeathed to the college the sum of $100,000 and provided that the
income should be used “ in bringing to the college from time to time
eminent citizens of this and other countries who are leaders in states
manship, education, the arts, sciences, learned professions and busi
ness, in order that the faculty, students and the college community
may be broadened b y 'a closer acquaintance with matters of world
interest.” Admission to all programs is without charge.
T he Cooper Foundation Committee works with the departments
and with student organizations in arranging single lectures and con
certs, and also in bringing to the college speakers of note who remain
in residence for a long enough period to enter into the life of the com
munity. Some of these speakers have been invited with the understand
ing that their lectures should be published under the auspices of the
Foundation. This arrangement has so far produced 7 volumes:
Lindsay, Alexander Dunlop. The Essentials of Democracy. Phila
delphia, University o f Pennsylvania Press, 1929.
Lowes, John Livingston. Geoffrey Chaucer and the Development
of His Genius. New York, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1934.
Weyl, Hermann. Mind and Nature. Philadelphia, University of
Pennsylvania Press, 1934.
43
America’s Recovery Program, by A. A. Berle, Jr., John Dickinson,
A. Heath Onthank . . . and others . . . London, New York, etc.,
Oxford University Press, 1934.
Madariaga, Salvador de. Theory and Practice in International
Relations. Philadelphia, University o f Pennsylvania Press, 1937.
Streit, Clarence Kirshman. Union*Now; a Proposal for a Federal
Union of the Democracies of the North Atlantic. New York, Harper,
1939.
Krogh, August. The Comparative Physiology of Respiratory
Mechanisms. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1941.
T he A rthur H o y t Scott H orticultural F oundation . T wo hun
dred and forty-seven acres are contained in the College property,
including a large tract of woodland and the valley of Crum Creek.
Much of this tract has been developed as an Arboretum through the
provisions o f the Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foundation, estab
lished in 1929 by Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott and Owen and Margaret
M oon as a memorial to Arthur Hoyt Scott of the Class of 1895. The
Arboretum is designed both to beautify the campus and to afford ex
amples of the better kinds o f trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants which
are hardy in the climate of Eastern Pennsylvania and suitable for
planting by the average gardener. There are exceptionally fine displays
of Japanese cherries and tree peonies, and a great variety of lilacs and
chrysanthemums. Many donors have contributed generously to the
collections. (For full information see Bulletin of Swarthmore College,
Vol. xxxvii, No. 5.)
The B ronson M. C utting M emorial C ollection of R ecorded
M usic was established at Swarthmore College in 1936 by a gift of
approximately four thousand phonograph records, a radio-phonograph,
books and musical scores, from the family o f Bronson Murray Cutting,
late Senator from New Mexico. Its object is to make the best recorded
music available to the undergraduates, faculty, and friends of Swarth
more College, in cooperation with the work o f the college Department
of Music. T he collection is kept up to date with current additions.
T he B enjam in W est Society , an organization o f alumni, members
of the faculty, and friends of the college, is building up a collection
o f paintings, drawings, and etchings, which are exhibited as space
permits in various college buildings. T he Society owes its name to the
American artist o f the eighteenth century who was bom in a house
44
which still stands on the Swarthmore campus, and who became Presi
dent of the Royal Academy.
T he G eorge G rey B arnard C ollection , the gift of the artist, con
tains original clay models and plaster casts of his works. It is not open
to visitors, since the building in which it is temporarily stored for safe
keeping is not suitable for exhibitions.
T he J ames D. E gleson M urals. In the auditorium of Hicks Hall
is a series of frescoes by James D. Egleson, ’29, a former student of
Orozco. T he artist has depicted conditions and concepts out of the life
of our t im e s in America as they are affected by industrialization and
the science of engineering.
College Life
H
o u s in g
Swarthmore is primarily a residential college, conducted on the as
sumption that an important element in education comes from close
association o f students and instructors. Most students live in dormi
tories. Many members of the faculty live in houses on the campus.
Residence Halls
There are four dormitories for men: Wharton Hall, named in honor
of its donor, Joseph Wharton, at one time President of the Board of
Managers; and three buildings on the recently purchased Mary Lyon
School property.
T he women’s dormitories include the upper floors in the wings of
Parrish Hall; W orth Hall, the gift of William P. Worth, 1876, and
J. Sharpless Worth, ex-1873, as a memorial to their parents; Palmer
and Pittenger Halls on South Chester Road; and W oolman House on
Walnut Lane.
Roberts Hall on South Chester R oad has been converted into apart
ments for a limited number of married veterans.
Dining Rooms
A ll students, both men and women, have their meals in two adjoin
ing College Dining Rooms in Parrish Hall. Breakfast is served to the
residents o f the Mary Lyon buildings in the cafeteria on the premises.
45
R
e l ig io u s
L
if e
T he religious life of the college is founded on the Quaker principle
that the seat of spiritual authority lies in the Inner Light of each indi
vidual. T he Society of Friends is committed to the belief that religion
is best expressed in the quality of everyday living. There are accord
ingly no compulsory religious exercises, save in so far as the brief devo
tional element in Collection (see below) may be so considered. Stu
dents are encouraged to attend the churches of their choice: Episcopal,
Presbyterian, Methodist, and Christian Science, in the borough of
Swarthmore; Catholic, in the nearby towns of Morton, Media, and
Chester. T he Swarthmore Meeting House is located on the campus.
Students are cordially invited to attend its active religious service on
Sunday. Extra-curricular groups under faculty direction exist for the
study of the Bible and the exploration of common concerns in religion.
A n assembly of the college, called Collection, is held at 10:00 a.m.
every Thursday in Clothier Memorial; attendance of students is re
quired. There is regularly a period o f silence according to the Friendly
tradition and, when these are in keeping with the remainder of the
program, the singing o f hymns and a reading from the Bible. Lasting
from one-half to three-quarters of an hour, Collection normally in
cludes an address; but this is varied by the occasional introduction of
musical, dramatic, and other programs.
St u d e n t W
elfare
Health
T he college physician holds daily office hours at the college where
students may consult him without charge. A student must report any
illness to the college physician, but is free to go for treatment to an
other doctor if he prefers to do so.
T h e college physician gives physical examinations to all students at
the beginning o f their freshman year, and arranges to see every student
at least once in each subsequent year.
T he college health program includes tuberculin tests, which are
compulsory for all students.
There are two infirmaries, one for men and one for women. The
infirmary for men is in Section F of Wharton Hall; the women’s
infirmary is at the east end o f Parrish Hall. A registered nurse is in
charge o f each, under the direction of the college physician.
46
T he infirmaries are open to resident students without charge unless
the services of a special nurse are required. Students suffering from a
communicable disease or from illness which makes it necessary for
them to remain in bed must stay in the infirmaries for the period of
their illness.
A consulting psychiatrist holds regular office hours for students who
wish to ask his advice.
Vocational Office
The college provides vocational information and advice to assist
students in their choice of a career. The Acting Vocational Director
for Men, Kenneth Allebach, and the Vocational Director for Women,
Miss Alice L. Moran, periodically plan conferences and field trips,
and arrange interviews with prospective employers. They offer help to
students in finding employment. In addition, summer work is planned
to give students job experience in various fields.
Alumni Office
T he Alumni Office keeps records o f the addresses of all living
graduates and alumni of the college. It also publishes periodically the
Swarthmore alumni magazine, T he G arnet L etter and an informal
news letter, Sw arthmore R eports. The Alumni Secretary acts as
liaison for the college with all alumni and alumni groups, interpreting
to them present plans and policies of the college.
Student Advisers
The deans and their assistants and members of the faculty serve as
student advisers. They rely also on the help of upper class men and
women in work with freshmen. Members of the Senior Honorary
Societies of Book and Key and of Mortar Board carry special responsi
bility for the Freshman Placement Program.
T
he
St u d e n t C
o m m u n it y
Student Council
T he whole undergraduate community of men and women is repre
sented by the Student Council which attempts to coordinate all student
activities, and confers with the administration and the faculty on
college problems.
47
Men’s Executive Committee
The men students o f the college are represented by the Men’s Execu
tive Committee, a group elected to take responsibility for specified
problems which have to do primarily with dormitory life.
Women’s Student Government Association
A ll women students are members of the W omen’s Student Govern
ment Association, headed by an Executive Committee elected to pro
mote a great variety o f women’s interests. This committee includes the
chairmen of certain important committees: Conduct, which maintains
social regulations; Personnel, which has a special concern for helping
freshmen; Social (see below); Vocational, which assists the women’s
Vocational Director; Somerville, which arranges the program for
Somerville Day, on which alumnae are invited to return to the
College and fosters student-alumnae relationships.
Social Committee
A n extensive program of social activities is managed by the Social
Committee, under the direction of two elected co-chairmen, a man
and a woman. T he program is designed to appeal to a wide variety of
interests, and is open to all students. At no time is there any charge
for college social functions.
Extra-Curricular Activities
In addition to the foregoing organizations, Swarthmore students
have an opportunity to participate in a program o f extra-curricular
activities wide enough to meet every kind o f interest. N o credit is
given for work in such varied fields as sculpture, play-writing, pub
lishing the college newspaper or playing the cello in the orchestra.
However, the college encourages a student to participate in whatever
activity best fits his personal talents and inclinations, believing that
satisfactory avocations are a necessary part of life for the well-rounded
individual. It has provided instruction or advisors wherever there has
been sufficient demand. A handbook describing all activities, written
by the students themselves, can be had upon request to the Deans
Office.
48
THE
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
OF
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
General Statement
Swarthmore College offers the degree of Bachelor of Arts and the
degree of Bachelor of Science. The latter is given only in the Division
of Engineering; the former, in the Divisions of the Humanities, the
Social Sciences, and Mathematics and the Natural Sciences.* Eight
terms of resident study, which are normally completed in four years,
lead to a Bachelor’s degree.
During the first half o f their college program, all students are ex
pected to complete general college requirements, to choose their major
and minor subjects, and to prepare for advanced work in these subjects
by taking certain prerequisites. Their schedule is made up of full or
half courses. Five full courses or their equivalent in half courses con
stitute the normal program for each o f the first two years. A full course
represents from eight to twelve hours of work a week for two terms,
including class meetings, laboratory periods and individual prepara
tion.
T he program for upper class students affords a choice between two
methods of study: Honors Work, leading to a degree with Honors,
and General Courses. An honors student concentrates on three related
subjects which he studies by the seminar method. At the end of his
senior year he must take a battery of eight examinations on the work
of his seminars, set by outside examiners. (The system will be ex
plained more fully below.)
A student in general courses has a somewhat wider freedom of
election and takes four full courses or their equivalent in each o f the
last two years. At the end of his senior year he is required to pass a com
prehensive examination given by his major department.
For variations from this basic plan in the Division o f Engineering
see pages 79 to 82.
In addition to scholastic requirements for graduation, all students
must meet certain standards of participation in Physical Education as
set forth in the statement of that department (see pp. 113 to 115) and
must attend the Collection exercises o f the college (see p. 46).
* For groupings of departments, see page 18.
50
T he course advisers of freshmen and sophomores are members of
the faculty appointed by the deans. For juniors and seniors the advisers
are the chairmen of their major departments or their representatives.
Program for Freshmen and Sophomores
The program for the first four terms is designed primarily to con
tribute to a student’s general education by giving him an introduction
to the methods of thinking and the content of knowledge in a variety
of fields:
1. The traditional humanistic studies—those studies through which
man learns to understand himself and his relationship to his fellows as
individuals, and the enduring values in human experience.
2. T he social sciences—those studies through which man learns to
understand the nature of organized society, past and present, and his
relationship to it.
, 3. The natural sciences—those studies through which man learns to
understand his physical environment, both organic and inorganic, out
side of his own individual and social being.
T he following subjects, therefore, designed to serve as a broad and
sound background for the more specialized work of the last two years,
are included in the program of the first two years for all students
(except those in the Division of Engineering; see pages 79 to 82).
Foreign Language—through Course 2B (see below)
History 1 (see p. 98)—full course (except for science students
who may substitute a second social science)
Literature—half course
Philosophy—half course
Psychology—half course
Social Science—full course in either Economics or Political Science
Natural Science or Mathematics—full course or two half courses
(A full course in Mathematics is required for science students.
For partial fulfillment of the science requirement, students are
permitted to take Philosophy 30.)
As far as possible, these requirements are to be completed during
the first year. It is usual, however, to defer Psychology to the first term
of the second year. Science students, moreover, must ordinarily defer
History (or the alternative second social science) to the second year.
In addition to the requirements listed above, prerequisites must be
completed for the work of the last two years in major and minor sub51
jects, and sufficient additional electives must be taken to make up ten
full courses. In the Divisions of the Humanities and the Social Sciences
it is strongly recommended that these electives shall include:
H alf courses (preferably in the first semester of an academic year)
in at least two of the following: Foreign Literature (classical
or modern, either in the original or in translation), Fine Arts,
Music.
A full course in whichever social science (Economics or Political
Science) is not taken in fulfillment of the general requirements.
A third half course in a natural science or a half course in Mathe
matics or courses in each of these.
It is expected that, after completion o f the minimum courses in the
general program of the first two years, the student will devote the
remainder of his sophomore year to preparing himself for more ad
vanced study of those subjects which have most interested him and to
other courses which will increase the range of his knowledge. He
should decide, as early in his sophomore year as possible, upon two or
three subjects in which he might like to major and should consult the
statements of the departments concerned as to required and recom
mended courses and supporting subjects. In most cases he is advised
to take not more than one semester of work in any subject beyond
the first course.
T he requirement in foreign language (either classical or modern)
is such that an exceptionally well prepared freshman may demonstrate
his completion o f it before entering college by his rating in an Achieve
ment Test given by the College Entrance Examination Board. The
results o f the tests indicate, however, that most students need to devote
from one to four terms to further language study. A complete state
ment of the requirement follows:
Each student will pursue one foreign language to a point equivalent
to the completion of Course 2. T he desired standard is normally met
on the basis of four years’ work in high school, or o f three or two years’
work in high school followed by one or two terms in college. If a stu
dent fulfills the requirement with a language which he begins in col
lege, he will need to study it for four terms. If he fulfills it with a
language begun elsewhere, his progress toward the degree of compe
tence demanded is measured by a placement test. This may be one of
the achievement tests o f the College Entrance Examination Board
52
which he has taken as a requirement for admission. Additional place
ment tests are given when necessary by the Swarthmore departments
of language.
Program for Juniors and Seniors
W
ork
in
C
ou rse
T he work of juniors and seniors in course includes some intensive,
specialized study within a general area of interest. This comprises
enough work in a single department (designated as a “ major” ) to make
an equivalent of four full courses and enough in another department
(designated as a “minor” ) to make an equivalent of three full courses;
work taken during the first two years may be counted toward fulfill
ment of either the major or minor requirement. The minor may be
divided between two departments, but not more than two without the
approval of the Instruction Committee. In the case of a minor divided
between two departments, not more than one introductory course may
be submitted in support of the minor requirement.* Before gradua
tion the student must pass a comprehensive examination in his major
subject.
A student must choose his major and minor subjects at the end of
the sophomore year, and apply formally through the Registrar to be
accepted by the division or divisions concerned. T he decision will be
based on an estimate of his ability in his major subject as well as on
his record. If a student does not secure divisional approval, he cannot
be admitted to the junior class.
A student’s course adviser during his junior and senior years is the
chairman of his major department (or a member of the department
designated by the chairman) whose approval he must secure for his
choice of courses each semester.
In addition to major and minor subjects, juniors and seniors usually
have room for at least one elective a year.
T he completion of eighteen full courses, with a minimum average
of C, normally constitutes the course requirement for a degree. A
student may carry extra work after the freshman year with the approval
• See separate departmental statements for definition o f what constitutes an intro
ductory course.
53
of his course adviser and of the Committee on Prescribed and Extra
Work, provided that his record in the previous year has been satis
factory.
H
onors
W
ork
Description of the System
Honors work is a system of instruction designed to free from the
limitations o f class-room routine those students whose maturity and
capacity enable them to do independent work. Students who are chosen
toward the end of their sophomore year to read for honors are exempt
from further course requirements. Instead, during their junior and
senior years they study a few subjects intensively and independently.
They meet their instructors weekly in small seminars lasting about
three hours. In these meetings it is customary for students to present
frequent papers, although the methods of stimulating discussion vary
greatly. In scientific subjects additional time is spent in the laboratory.
The work is so planned that a student takes two seminars each semes
ter, making a total of eight seminars during his last two years. Depart
ments sometimes permit their major students to substitute for one
seminar the preparation of a thesis.
If a department, supported by the division concerned, is of the
opinion that seven seminars instead of eight, plus one full course or
two half courses, form a better educational program than the usual
eight seminars, such a program will be allowed, and will be completed
by seven examinations instead of eight.
A student whose work shows unusual distinction but who has not
elected to read for honors at the end of his sophomore year may be
permitted to take the regular honors examinations and receive the
degree of honors recommended by the visiting examiners. He must
petition the division concerned for this permission before the end of
his seventh semester and must submit a list of eight examinations
which he feels prepared to take.
Honors work involves a concentration of the student’s efforts upon
a limited and integrated field of studies. He chooses seminars in three
(or sometimes four) allied subjects, and customarily devotes at least
one-half o f his time to a single department in the line o f his major
54
interest, in which he is expected to demonstrate real achievement.
Combinations of seminars are not governed by rigid rules but must
be approved by the departments and divisions in which work is taken.
Combinations involving seminars from two divisions must be approved
by the divisions involved.
N o examinations or grades are given from semester to semester,
although it is customary for honors students to take practice examina
tions at the end of the junior year over the work covered thus far.
These papers are read by the instructors concerned and are used as a
basis for advice and guidance for the work of the senior year. At the
end of the senior year honors students take written and oral examina
tions given by examiners from other institutions.*
The student should attain a degree of proficiency which will enable
him to meet a rigorous and searching examination. This examination
is designed to test his competence in a field of knowledge rather than
his mastery of those facts which an instructor has seen fit to present in
seminar. This is one of the chief ends for which the system of visiting
examiners has been instituted. The examiners first set a three-hour
written examination on the subject of each seminar, and after reading
the written examination have an opportunity to question each student
orally, in order to clarify and enlarge the basis of their judgment of
the student’s command of his material.
Upon recommendation of the examiners, successful candidates are
awarded the bachelor’s degree with honors, with high honors, or with
highest honors. Highest honors are awarded only to those who show
unusual distinction. When the work of a candidate does not, in the
opinion of the examiners, merit honors of any grade, his papers are
returned to his instructors, who decide, under rules of the faculty,
whether he shall be given a degree in course.
Students admitted to honors work who prove unable to meet the
requirements or who for other reasons return to regular classes may
receive proportional course credit for the work they have done while
reading for honors.
Regulations governing possible combinations of major and minor
subjects in the four divisions appear below. Lists o f seminars offered in
preparation for examinations follow departmental statements.
* For list of examiners in February and June, 1948, see page 184.
55
COM BIN ATION S OF MAJORS AN D MINORS FOR
H ONORS W O R K
Division of the Humanities
M ajor and minor subjects include English, Fine Arts, French, Ger
man, Greek, History, Latin, Music, Philosophy, Psychology, and Span
ish. At least half of the student’s time will probably be devoted to his
major subject, the remainder being divided between two related
subjects within the division.
Division of the Social Sciences.
M ajor and minor subjects include Economics, History, Philosophy,
Psychology, and Political Science. Students in this division normally
devote half their time to their major subject, dividing the remainder
among related minor subjects according to plans approved by the
division.
Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
Major subjects include Botany, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics,
Psychology, Zoology; related minor subjects include the subjects listed,
and Astronomy and Philosophy. At least half of the student’s time will
probably be devoted to his major subject, with the remainder divided
between two other related subjects within the division.
Division of Engineering
Major subjects for honors work in this division include Civil Engi
neering, Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering; a minor
may be taken in either or both of the engineering departments in
which the student does not have his major, or in Chemistry, Mathe
matics, Physics or Economics. At least one-half o f the student’s time
will be devoted to his major in engineering. The degree granted is the
B.S. in Engineering.
T he final examination will include papers on the fundamentals of
the three professional departments of engineering, four papers on the
seminars of the senior year, and one or two additional papers based
upon the course which the student has taken, the number of the papers
and their subjects to be determined by the faculty o f the division.
P
rocedure
for
A
d m is s io n
to
H
onors
W
ork
A candidate for admission to an honors division must file his appli
cation near the end o f his sophomore year with the chairman of his
56
division, and must indicate the particular combination of related sub
jects on which he wishes to be examined for his degree. His acceptance
by the division depends in part upon the quality of his previous work
as indicated by the grades he has received but mainly upon his appar
ent capacity for assuming the responsibility of honors work. The names
of accepted candidates are announced later in the spring. T he major
department will then arrange, in consultation with the student, a defi
nite program of subjects to constitute the field of knowledge on which
he will be examined at the end of his senior year. That department is
responsible for drawing up the original plan of his work, for super
vising his choice of seminars in all departments and for keeping in
touch with his progress from semester to semester. The division is
responsible for approval of the student’s original program and for any
subsequent changes in that program. Proposals for combinations of
subjects or departments not provided for in the divisional arrange
ments must be approved by the divisions involved.
P r e -M
e d ic a l
Program
The pre-medical student’s program is planned and his work super
vised by the Pre-medical Advisory Committee. There is more than one
program of courses by which a student may prepare himself for ad
mission to medical school. In mapping out a program for each student
the Committee keeps in mind (a) the particular interests of the stu
dent, (b) the entrance requirements of the medical schools of the
student’s choice, (c) the need for an understanding of basic social
problems and the cultivation o f a sensitiveness for the enduring values
in the arts and literature, and (d) the value of intensive work in at
least one field.
In order to meet medical school requirements most pre-medical
students take Chemistry 1A, IB, 2 and 6A; English Composition;
Mathematics 1, 2; Physics Is Zoology 1, 2, 3A, 4; a m odem foreign
language, preferably German, to a point equivalent to the completion
of course 2. The work of the junior and senior years may be taken in
the Honors program or in course. Intensive work may be carried out in
a single field or in closely related departments. Pre-medical students
may fulfill the major requirements in the department of their own
choice, usually, but not necessarily, in chemistry, mathematics, physics,
or zoology; or they may fulfill the requirement by completing three
full courses in each of two related departments in the division of
57
mathematics and the natural sciences. In the latter case the compre
hensive examinations will be arranged jointly by the departments
concerned.
Although some students have been admitted to medical schools
upon the completion of three years of college work, many of the best
medical schools strongly advise completion of four years of college.
Faculty Regulations
A
ttendance
at
C
lasses
and
C
o l l e c t io n
Members of the faculty will hold students responsible for regular
attendance at classes and will report to the Deans the name of any
student whose repeated absence is in their opinion impairing the
student’s work. T he number of cuts allowed in a given course is not
specified, a fact which places a heavy responsibility on all students
to tnake sure that their work is not suffering as a result of absences.
Since freshmen must exercise particular care in this respect and since
the faculty recognizes its greater responsibility toward freshmen in the
matter of class attendance, it is expected that freshmen, especially, will
attend all their classes.
When illness necessitates absence from classes the student should
report at once to the nurses or to the college physician.
The last meeting before vacation and the first meeting after vacation
in each course must be attended. The minimum penalty for violation
of this rule is probation. T he exact definition o f probation in individ
ual cases is left to the Deans with the understanding that it shall
include attendance at all classes without cuts.
Absences from Collection are acted upon by the Deans as instructed
by the Collection Committee. All students are allowed two absences
from Collection each term.
G
rades
Intructors report to the Deans’ office at intervals during the year
upon the work of students in courses. Informal reports during the
semester take the form o f comments on unsatisfactory work. At the end
o f each semester formal grades are given in each course under the letter
58
system, by which A means excellent work, B good work, C fair work,
D poor work, and E failure. W signifies withdrawn and Cond. signifies
conditioned in the course.
The mark “ conditioned” indicates either (1) that a student has done
unsatisfactory work in the first half of a course, but by creditable work
during the second half may earn a passing grade for the full course,
and thereby remove his .condition; or (2) that a student’s work is in
complete in respect to specific assignments or examinations. The con
dition may be removed by the completion of the necessary work.
Conditions of both types must normally be made up in the term
immediately following that in which they were incurred; for the
removal of conditions of type (2), a date is set at the end of the first
six weeks of each term when make-up examinations must be scheduled
and late papers submitted. Under special circumstances involving a use
of laboratories or attendance at courses not immediately available, a
student may secure permission to extend the time for making up a
condition until the second term following. Any condition not made up
within a year from the time it is imposed shall thereafter be recorded
as E, i.e., complete failure, which cannot be made up.
Reports are sent to parents and to students at the end of each
semester.
For graduation in general courses, a C average is required; for
graduation in honors work, the recommendation of the visiting ex
aminers. (See pp. 53 to 55 and p. 62.)
Extra
or
Few
er
C
ou rses
A regular student is expected to take the prescribed number of
courses in each semester. If more or fewer courses seem desirable, he
should consult his course adviser and file a petition with the Com
mittee on Prescribed and Extra Work. A student who wishes to take
fewer than the normal number of courses should register for the
regular program and file a petition to drop one or more courses.
Applications involving late entrance into a course must be received
within the first two weeks of the semester. Applications involving with
drawal from a course must be received not later than six weeks after
the beginning of the semester.
59
Exam
in a t io n s
Any student who is absent from an examination, announcement of
which was made in advance, shall be given an examination at another
hour only by special arrangement with the instructor in charge of the
course.
N o examination in absentia shall be permitted. This rule shall be
interpreted to mean that instructors shall give examinations only at
the college and under direct departmental supervision.
Su
m m er
Sc h o o l W
ork
Students desiring to transfer credit from a summer school are re
quired to obtain the endorsement of the chairman of the department
concerned before entering upon the work, and after completing the
work are required to pass an examination set by the Swarthmore de
partment.
R
e s id e n c e
All men students except freshmen choose their rooms in order deter
mined by lot. All freshmen, both men and women, are assigned to
rooms by the Deans. Upperclass women have a preferential system
carried out by a committee of students and members of the admin
istrative staff.
Students may occupy their rooms between terms only by special
arrangement with the Deans. The college dining room is closed during
all vacations.
Freshmen are asked to leave the college immediately after their last
examination in June so that their rooms may be used by Commence
ment visitors.
P r o h ib it io n
of
A
u t o m o b il e s
at
Sw
arthm ore
By action of the faculty, approved by the Board of Managers, under
graduates are forbidden to maintain automobiles at the college or in
the borough of Swarthmore. T he regulation is as follows:
Resident students are not allowed to keep automobiles on the cam
pus or in the borough of Swarthmore. T he rule prohibits equally the
keeping of automobiles owned by students and those owned by other
60
persons but placed in the custody or control of students. Day students
may use cars in commuting to college.
Under exceptional circumstances, a student may obtain permission
from one of the Deans to keep an automobile in the borough for a
limited time.
Parents and students must realize that this regulation will be strictly
enforced; students who do not observe it will be asked to withdraw
from college.
E x c l u s io n
from
C
ollege
T he college reserves the right to exclude at any time students whose
conduct or academic standing it regards as undesirable, and without
assigning any further reason therefor; in such cases fees will not be
refunded or remitted, in whole or in part, and neither the college nor
any of its officers shall be under any liability whatsoever for such
exclusion.
Requirements for Graduation
Bachelor
of
A
rts
and
B
achelor
of
Sc ie n c e
The degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science are con
ferred upon students who have met the following requirements for
graduation:
1. The candidate must have completed eighteen full courses or ten
courses and eight seminars with an average grade of C.
2. He must have complied with the course requirements for the
first two years.
3. He must have met the requirements in the major and minor
fields during the last two years.
4. He must have passed satisfactorily the comprehensive examina
tions in his major field or met the standards set by visiting examiners
for a degree with honors.
5. He must have completed four terms of study at Swarthmore
College, two of which have been those of the senior year.
61
6. He must have completed the physical education requirements set
forth in the statements of the Physical Education Departments (see
pages 113 to 115).
7. He must have attended the Collection exercises of the College
in accordance with the regulations (see page 46).
8. He must have paid all outstanding bills and returned all equip
ment and library books.
Advanced Degrees
M
aster
of
A
rts
and
M
aster
of
Sc ie n c e
T he degree of Master of Arts or Master of Science may be conferred
subject to the following requirements:
Only students who have completed the work for the Bachelor’s
degree with some distinction, either at Swarthmore or at another
institution of satisfactory standing, shall be admitted as candidates for
the Master’s degree at Swarthmore.
T he candidate’s record and a detailed program setting forth the
aim of the work to be pursued shall be submitted, with a recommenda
tion from the department or departments concerned, to the division
in which the work is to be done. If accepted by the division, the
candidate’s name shall be reported to the faculty at or before the
first faculty meeting of the year in which the candidate is to begin his
work.
T he requirements for the Master’s degree shall include the equiva
lent of a full year’s work of graduate character. This work may be
done in courses, seminars, reading courses, regular conferences with
members of the faculty or research. T he work may be done in one
department or in two related departments. T h e catalogue statements
of departments which offer graduate work indicate the courses or
seminars which may be taken for this purpose.
At the option of the department or departments concerned, a thesis
may be required as part of the work for the degree.
A candidate for the Master’s degree will be expected to show be
fore admission to candidacy a competence in those languages deemed
by his department or departments most essential for his field o f re
62
search. Detailed language requirements will be indicated in the
announcements of departments which admit candidates for the degree.
A candidate for the Master’s degree shall be required to pass an
examination conducted by the department or departments in which
his work was done. He shall be examined by outside examiners; ex
ceptions to this requirement shall be granted only by the division
or divisions concerned. T he reports of the outside examiners together
with the reports of the student’s resident instructors shall be presented
to the division in which the work was done. Recommendations for
the award of the degree shall be made to the faculty by the division.
A
dvanced
E n g in e e r in g D
egrees
The advanced degrees of Mechanical Engineer (M.E.), Electrical
Engineer (E.E.), and Civil Engineer (C.E.), may be obtained by
graduates who have received their Bachelor’s degree in Engineering
upon fulfilling the requirements given below:
1. T he candidate must have been engaged in engineering work for
five years since receiving his first degree.
2. He must have had charge of engineering work and must be in a
position of responsibility and trust at the time of application.
3. He must make application and submit an outline of the thesis he
expects to present, one full year before the advanced degree is to be
conferred.
4. The thesis must be submitted for approval one calendar month
before the time of granting the degree.
5. Every candidate shall pay a registration fee of $5 and an addi
tional fee of $20 when the degree is conferred.
Awards and Prizes
T he I v y M e d a l F und was created by a gift from Owen Moon, ’94.
T he income of the fund is used to purchase a medal which is placed
in the hands of the faculty for award on Commencement Day to a
male member of the graduating class. T he regulations governing the
award are as follows:
(1) The qualifications for the Ivy Medal are similar to those for the
Rhodes Scholarships and include (a) qualities of manhood, force of
character, and leadership; (b) literary and scholastic ability and attain63
merits. These have been phrased by the donor in the words “ leadership
based upon character and scholarship.”
(2) It is the wish of the donor that the medal should not be awarded
on a mere basis of averages. Instead, it is desired that the winner
should be a man who gives promise of distinction either in character
or in intellectual attainments, as opposed to a man who has merely
made the most of mediocre abilities.
(3) On the other hand, it is the wish of the donor that the medal
should not go to a man who, while showing excellence in some one
respect, has fallen seriously below the standard in others.
T he O a k L e a f M e d a l was established by David Dwight Rowlands
of the Class of 1909. It was later permanently endowed in memory of
him by Hazel C. Rowlands, ’07, and Caroline A. Lukens, ’98. The
medal is placed in the hands of the faculty to be awarded each year to
the woman member of the Senior Class who is outstanding for loyalty,
scholarship and service.
T he M c C a b e E n g in e e r in g A w a r d , founded by Thomas B. McCabe,
1915, is to be presented each year to the outstanding engineering stu
dent in the Senior Class. The recipient is chosen by a committee of the
faculty of the Division of Engineering.
T he C r a n e P r iz e , a memorial to Charles E. Crane, Jr., of the Class
of 1936, is an award of about $20, given for the purchase of philo
sophical books, and presented annually to the junior who, in the
opinion of the department, has done the best work in Philosophy.
T he A. E d w a r d N e w t o n L ib r a r y P r iz e , endowed by A. Edward
Newton, to make permanent the Library Prize first established by
W . W . Thayer, is awarded annually to that undergraduate who, in the
opinion o f the Committee of Award, shows the best and most intelli
gently chosen collection of books upon any subject. Particular em
phasis is laid in the award, not merely upon the size of the collection
but also upon the skill with which the books are selected and upon the
owner’s knowledge of their subject-matter.
T he K a t h e r in e B. S ic a r d P r iz e , endowed by the Delta Gamma
Fraternity in memory of Katherine B. Sicard, ex ’34, is awarded an
nually to the freshman woman who, in the opinion of the department,
shows greatest proficiency in English.
P u b l ic S p e a k in g C o n t e st s . Prizes for annual contests in public
speaking are provided by two funds as follows: The E l l a F r an c es
64
A .Corner of the Biddle Memorial Library and the Tower of the Main Library.
Parrish M all.
awards $45 in six prizes, three
for men and three for women, for the best extemporaneous short
speeches. T he O w e n M o o n F u n d provides the Delta Upsilon Speak
ing Contest prizes totalling $25 for the best prepared speeches on topics
of current interest.
B u n t in g E x t e m p o r a r y Sp e a k in g F u n d
T he G e o r g e F o x A w a r d of $100 is presented annually by an
anonymous friend of the College to the undergraduate who writes the
best essay on some phase of the history or testimonies of the Society of
Friends.
The E l iz a b e t h F r y A w a r d o f $50, together with an autographed
copy of Janet Payne Whitney’s biography of Elizabeth Fry, is presented
annually by an anonymous friend of the College to the undergraduate
who writes the best essay on some aspect of the social attitudes and ac
tivities of some Quaker individual or group, preferably of recent times.
T he J o h n R u ssell H a y e s P o e t r y P rizes , of approximately $25
for a first prize and $15 for a second prize, are offered for the best
original poem or for a translation from any language. Manuscripts
should be ready by April 1 of each year.
Fellowships
There are six fellowships offered to graduates of Swarthmore College.
Three fellowships are awarded annually by the faculty, on recom
mendation of the Committee on Fellowships, to graduates of the col
lege for the pursuit of advanced work under the direction of the faculty
or with their approval, and normally amount to from $500 to $600.
Applications for fellowships must be in the hands of the committee
by April 15.
These three fellowships are:
The H a n n a h A. L e e d o m F e l l o w s h ip , founded by the bequest of
Hannah A. Leedom.
The J o s h u a L ip p in c o t t F e l l o w s h ip , founded by Howard W.
Lippincott, of the Class of 1875, in memory of his father.
The J o h n L o c k w o o d M e m o r i a l F e l l o w s h ip , founded by the be
quest of Lydia A. Lockwood, New York, in memory of her brother,
65
John Lockwood. It was the wish of the donor that the fellowship be
awarded to a member of the Society of Friends.
T he other three fellowships are:
T he L u c r e t ia M o t t F e l l o w s h ip , founded by the Somerville Lit
erary Society and sustained by the contribution of its life members, has
yielded an annual income since its foundation of $525. It is awarded
each year by a committee of the faculty (selected by the society), with
the concurrence of the life members of the society, to a young woman
graduate of that year who is to pursue advanced study at some other
institution approved by this committee.
The M a r t h a E. T y s o n F e l l o w s h ip , founded by the Somerville
Literary Society in 1913, is sustained by the contributions of life mem
bers of the society and yields an income of $500 or more. It is awarded
biennially by a joint comittee of the faculty and the society (elected
by the society) with the concurrence of the life members of the society
to a woman graduate of Swarthmore College, who has taught success
fully for two years after her graduation and expects to continue teach
ing. T he recipient of the award is to pursue a course of study fitting
her for more efficient work in an institution approved by the Com
mittee of Award.
S ig m a X i R e se a r c h F e l l o w s h ip . T he Swarthmore Chapter of
Sigma X I appoints, from time to time, as funds are available, Fellows
with research grants with a maximum value of $1,000. T he holders of
this fellowship are usually associates o f the chapter who have shown
conspicuous ability in graduate studies. T he purpose of the chapter in
awarding these fellowships is to relieve worthy students from teaching
and other distracting duties so that they may concentrate as much as
possible upon their research. Applications for these fellowships should
be made to the secretary of the chapter not later than the middle of
March. Appointments will be announced about the middle of April.
66
Botany
A ssistan t P r o f e s s o r : L u ze r n G . L iv in g st o n ,
Chairman.
] . P L A N T B IO L O G Y . M r. Livingston.
H a lf course.
This course is designed to introduce the student to the fundamental aspects of
plant biology. Particular emphasis is placed on plant functions, and the relation
ships o f plant functions to organisms generally, and to man. T h e main topics
considered include protoplasm and the cell, structure and function in the higher
plant, plant metabolism, growth and differentiation, reproduction, genetics, and
a brief evolutionary survey of the plant kingdom. This course is a prerequisite
for advanced courses in botany.
Three lectures and one laboratory period per week.
2. G E N E T IC S . M r. Livingston.
H a lf course.
A study of the fundamental principles of genetics, including Mendelian in
heritance, the chromosome mechanism and the gene theory, and the application
of the principles of genetics to plant and animal breeding.
T w o lectures, one conference, and one laboratory period per week.
3. T A X O N O M Y . M r. Livingston.
H a lf course.
A course including (1) the methods involved in identification of native and
horticultural species of the campus and woods, and (2) considerations of evi
dence from various fields of study, i.e., anatomy, morphology, cytology, etc.,
which bear directly on the problems of interrelationships of angiosperms.
Tw o lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
4. P L A N T A N A T O M Y . M r. Livingston.
H a lf course.
A course designed to introduce the technique of plant tissue preparation and
the fundamentals of plant anatomy, including cellular organization o f vege
tative and reproductive parts as well as critical consideration of meristematic
activity and differentiation.
Tw o lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
5. SU RVE Y O F T H E P L A N T K IN G D O M . (O m itted in 1948-49) H a lf course.
A comparative study of the structure and life habits of the thallophytes, bryophytes, and tracheophytes (exclusive of the angiosperms). Particular attention
will be given to current concepts o f evolutionary relationships from the stand
points o f both comparative morphology and paleobotanical evidence.
6. P L A N T P H Y S IO L O G Y . M r. Livingston.
H a lf course.
An integrated study of the physiological processes of the higher plant, including
general cellular physiology, water relations, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis,
enzyme action and organic synthesis, cellular respiration, translocation, the
physiology of growth and development, and related topics.
T w o lectures, one conference, and one laboratory period per week.
7. E C O N O M IC B O T A N Y . (O m itted in 1948-49)
H a lf course.
A study of the principles and factors which condition the utilization of plant
materials such as wood and wood products, fibers, food products (fruits, cereals,
leaf and root crops), drugs, etc.
Three lectures per week, plus reports and/or laboratory.
8. T H E B IO L O G Y O F B A C T E R IA . (O m itted in 1948-49)
H a lf course.
An approach to the study of bacteriology with principal emphasis on the con
sideration of bacteria as organisms rather than causative agents for disease, etc.
T w o lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
9. C Y T O L O G Y . (O m itted in 1948-49)
H a lf course.
An advanced course including a study o f both cytoplasmic and nuclear struc
tures. Prerequisite, either Botany 4 or Zoology 5 (Microscopic Anatomy).
10. SPECIA L T O P IC S . M r. Livingston.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M
H a lf course.
a jo rs a n d
M
in o r s in
C ou rse
Students intending to m ajor in botany are advised to consult a depart
mental representative early in their college course fo r the pu rpose o f
plann in g a w ell integrated program . Plant B iology 1 and Chemistry 1 are
required as prerequisites for advanced work. Courses in physics, mathematics,
and further courses in chemistry are highly desirable, particularly for students
anticipating graduate study.
For students plann in g to m in or in botany, Plant B iology 1 constitutes the
sole prerequisite.
Num erous libraries, museums, and parks in and around Philadelphia offer
unusual opportunities fo r students to carry on investigations in the botanical
sciences.
H onors W
ork
Prerequisites. T h e follow in g courses, o r their equivalents, are required for
admission to H on ors w ork in botany: biology (see Course 1 above) and gen
eral inorganic chemistry. Students are also urged to present additional
preparation in physics, mathematics, and chemistry whenever this is possible.
Candidates for H onors should arrange a discussion o f their course program
in relation to future H on ors w ork as early as possible in their freshman year.
Seminars. T h e follow in g seminars prepare for exam inations for a degree
w ith H onors:
1. P L A N T PH Y SIO L O G Y .
An integrated study of the physical, chemical and biological aspects underlying
plant function.
2. P L A N T T A X O N O M Y A N D D IS T R IB U T IO N .
A close study of the classification and distribution of our most important plant
families. Laboratory and field work in plant identification, and a consideration
of the effects of environment factors on the distribution of plants.
3. G E N E TIC S.
A study of the structure and development of the cell-theories of inheritance.
Mendelism, plant and animal breeding methods and problems, etc.
4. C Y T O L O G Y .
A detailed study of plant and animal cells from the point of view of morphology
and function. Especial attention is given to cytogenetics.
5. P R O B L E M S O F G R O W T H A N D D E V E L O P M E N T .
A morphological and physiological study of growth phenomena in plants.
6. B A C T E R IO L O G Y .
A study of the biology and biochemistry of bacteria.
69
Chemistry
P r o fe sso r s : E d w a r d H . C o x .
H . J e r m a in C r e ig h t o n , C h a irm a n .
A sso c ia t e P r o fe sso r s : D u n c a n G . F o s t e r .
W a l t e r B . K e ig h t o n , J r .
A ssistan t P r o f e s s o r : E d w a r d A . F e h n e l .
A s sis t a n t : P h y l l is A m b l e r B r a u n e r .
IA . IN O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. C reighton and Mrs. Brauner.
H a lf course.
Three lecture and recitation periods and four hours of laboratory weekly. Some
of the central concepts and fundamental principles of chemistry are studied
thoroughly. The application of these principles is emphasized rather than the
mere accumulation of chemical facts in order that the student may learn the
methods of chemical inquiry through their use. The course is designed to meet
the needs of those students who wish to study chemistry as a part of their gen
eral education as well as those professionally interested in chemistry. Textbooks:
Hildebrand and Latimer, Principles of Chemistry and Reference Book of In
organic Chemistry; Bray and Latimer, A Course in General Chemistry.
IB. IN O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. C reighton and Mrs. Brauner.
H a lf course.
Three lectures and one laboratory period weekly. This course is a continuation
of Chemistry 1A and is also concerned with the fundamental principles of
chemistry. Textbooks: Those listed under Chemistry 1A.
2. A N A L Y T IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. Foster.
H a lf course.
Three lecture and recitation periods and eight hours of laboratory weekly. The
modern theory of solutions of electrolytes and its application to analytical
chemistry. The practice of semi-micro qualitative analysis with an introduction
to quantitative analysis. This course is designed to serve as the introductory
course in analytical chemistry for chemistry majors and also to fulfill the
requirements in the subject for admission to most medical schools. Textbook:
Pales and Kenny, Inorganic Qualitative Analysis.
Prerequisite, Chemistry IB with a minimum grade of C.
4B. A N A L Y T IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. Foster. Full course, in on e sem ester.
Identical with Seminar 1. Majors in chemistry in course normally take this
course in the second semester of their senior year.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 2, with a minimum grade of C.
5. P H Y S IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. K eighton.
Full course.
Three hours of conference and lectures and four hours of laboratory weekly.
The fundamental principles of theoretical chemistry are studied and a number
of numerical exercises are worked. In the laboratory the student uses a wide
variety of physical-chemical apparatus.
Prerequisites, Chemistry IB with a minimum grade of C, Physics 1, Mathe
matics 12. This course is offered to juniors and seniors.
6A. O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. C ox o r M r. Fehnel.
H a lf course.
Three lectures, four hours of laboratory and one optional conference hour per
week. The course covers classification and nomenclature of compounds, ele
mentary reactions and some theoretical matter in the field of organic chemistry.
Both the aliphatic and aromatic series are surveyed and some twenty compounds
70
in both series are prepared. This is a terminal course but is also preparatory to
chemistry 6B. It is a prerequisite for admission to the honors seminar in organic
chemistry and for entrance to some medical schools.
Prerequisite, Chemistry IB with a minimum grade of C.
6B. O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. C ox or M r. Fehnel.
H a lf course.
Tw o lectures and eight hours of laboratory per week. The course goes more
deeply into the principles and practices of the subject than 6A. Advanced reac
tions, mechanisms, proofs of structure, and theory are considered. Half of the
laboratory time is devoted to more advanced preparations and half to qualitative
organic analysis. Students who do not major in chemistry are not required to
pursue the work in analysis. The course is designed for both majors and minors
and premedical students who wish more organic chemistry.
Prerequisite, Chemistry 6A with a minimum grade of C.
6C. A D V A N C E D O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. Fehnel.
H a lf course.
This course is one of the senior elective courses. Organic preparations are
selected from Organic Syntheses. High and low pressure reductions as well as
vapor phase dehydrations are included. Approximately six hours of laboratory
work per week are required and in addition three hours are devoted to library
search and review of organic chemical literature.
Prerequisite, Chemistry 6B with a minimum grade of C.
7. A D V A N C E D IN O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. Fehnel.
H a lf course.
Three hours of conference and lectures with an additional four hours per week
devoted to selected readings on modern developments in inorganic chemistry.
Prerequisite, Chemistry 5.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M
a jo rs a n d
M
in ors
Students with a m a jor in chemistry follow a course o f study leading to the
degree o f B.A. T h is degree may be taken either in course o r w ith honors. In
either case there must be com pleted, during the first two years, the follow in g:
T w o courses in chemistry, tw o courses in mathematics, on e course in physics,
and Germ an to the com pletion o f course 2.
Students w ho com e to college with the in ten tion o f m ajorin g in chemistry
are strongly advised to take Chemistry 1A in their first term and IB in the
second term. T h e y also take mathematics in their first term, postpon in g his
tory until later. Students may select chemistry as a m ajor at some later date,
but often at some sacrifice o f flexibility in their program.
T h ere are various arrangements o f the curriculum w hich lead to gradua
tion w ith a m ajor in chemistry. T h e particular courses w hich make u p the
curriculum o f any on e student w ill depen d u p o n his o r her preparation,
abilities, interests, and objectives. T h e follow in g, however, is a typical
curriculum for the student in course.
Freshman Year
Chemistry 1A, IB
M athematics 1, 2
Germ an 2A, 2B
English 1 (M odern Literature)
Econom ics 1A, IB or
Political Science 1A, IB
Philosophy 2 (Introduction)
71
Chemistry 2, 6A
M athematics 11, 12
Physics 1A, IB
Soph om ore Year
History 1A, IB o r Econom ics 1A, IB
o r Political Science 1A, IB
Psychology 1A
Elective (half course)
Senior Year
Junior Year
Chemistry 5A, 5B, 6B
Electives: tw o fu ll courses, usually
Physics 2A, 2B, and Mathematics
16, 17; and on e h alf course.
Chemistry 6C, 7, an d the Analytical
Chemistry Seminar.
Electives: tw o fu ll courses n ot in
Chemistry, and n ot introductory
courses.
H onors W
ork
Before admission to Honors work the chemistry major will have completed the
curriculum of the first two years, outlined above, or its equivalent. At the end of
their senior year, Honors students majoring in chemistry normally take four ex
amination papers in chemistry, with the remaining papers usually selected from
mathematics, physics, or zoology. The following seminars are offered as preparation
for the examination in chemistry:
1. A N A L Y T IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. Foster.
Approximately sixteen hours of laboratory work and one three-hour conference
weekly. The theory and practice of volumetric and gravimetric analysis. Majors
in chemistry in honors normally take this seminar in the second semester of
their junior year.
Prerequisite, Chemistry 2, with a minimum grade of C.
2. P H Y S IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. K eighton.
Weekly seminar and laboratory. The work of the seminar includes the study of
the states of aggregation of matter, elementary principles of thermodynamics,
equilibrium, the theory of solutions, electro-chemistry and colloid chemistry.
One day per week is spent in the laboratory.
Prerequisites: Physics, Calculus, and Analytical Chemistry.
3. A D V A N C E D P H Y S IC A L C H E M IS T R Y . M r. K eighton.
Weekly seminar and laboratory. The work of the seminar includes the study of
thermodynamics, the activity concept and activity coefficients, the Debye-Hiickel
theory of strong electrolytes, and chemical kinetics including photochemistry
and acid-base catalysis. One day per week is spent in the laboratory.
4. O R G A N IC C H E M IS T R Y . M r. C ox.
In lieu of lectures, one three-hour seminar per week is devoted to discussions of
the principles and practices of organic chemistry. The material covered is much
like that given in 6B and 6C. Reports covering extensive readings are made from
time to time. Eight hours o f laboratory per week are devoted to the prepara
tions o f organic compounds and qualitative organic analysis. Students who do
not major in chemistry are not required to pursue the work in analysis.
The seminar is especially designed for chemistry majors reading for honors.
Minor students should have covered Chemistry 2, at least one semester of
Chemistry 5, and Chemistry 6A, before entering the seminar.
Classics
P r o fe sso r s : S u san P . C o b b s .
L . R . Sh e r o , Chairman.
A ssistan t P r o f e ss o r : H e l e n F. N o r t h .
Greek
1. E L E M E N T A R Y G R E E K . Miss N orth.
Full course.
Study of the essentials o f Greek grammar and reading of easy selections from
Greek literature, with collateral study o f various aspects o f Greek civilization.
2. IN T E R M E D IA T E G R E E K . M r. Shero.
Full course.
Selections from Homer, a play of Euripides, and Plato’s Apology are read.
3. G R E E K L IT E R A T U R E .
Full course. (O ffered as required.)
A survey of Greek literature with reading o f some of the masterpieces of prose
and of poetry o f the classical period.
4. A D V A N C E D G R E E K R E A D IN G .
Full course. (O ffered as required .)
The reading done in this course is determined by the interests and needs o f the
members of the class.
9.
G R E E K L IT E R A T U R E IN E N G L IS H . Miss N orth.
H a lf course, alternate years.
Study in English translation of some o f the masterpieces of Greek literature,
including the Iliad, several of the dramas, Thucydides, and Plato’s Republic.
Latin
1. E L E M E N T A R Y L A T I N . M r. Shero.
Full course.
For students who begin Latin in college or for those who are not prepared to
enter Latin 2. (Equivalent normally to two years’ preparation in secondary
school.)
2. IN T E R M E D IA T E L A T IN . Miss N orth.
Full course or tw o half courses.
Prose and verse (including Phaedrus, Gellius, Roman Law; Ovid, Virgil) selected
according to the interests and needs of the members o f the class. For students
who have had two or more years of preparatory Latin and are not prepared to
enter Latin 3.
3. L A T I N L IT E R A T U R E . M r. Shero.
Full course or two half courses.
Selected Letters of Cicero and Pliny; Horace’s Odes. The course aims to give
students some conception of the Roman spirit as manifested in Latin literature
and in the personality of Latin writers. Open to those whose Achievement
Tests indicate adequate preparation.
4. A D V A N C E D L A T I N R E A D IN G . M r. Shero.
Full course o r two half courses.
The reading done in this course is determined by the interests and needs of
the members of the class.
5. R O M A N S A T IR E A N D E P IG R A M .
H a lf course. (O ffered as required .)
6. L A T I N P H IL O S O P H IC A L W R IT IN G S .
H a lf course. (O ffered as required .)
73
7. L A T I N L A N G U A G E .
H a lf course. (O ffered as required.)
A study of the development of the Latin language. Practice in reading Latin,
in writing Latin prose, and in translating Latin (including medieval Latin)
at sight.
8. C O M P R E H E N S IV E SU RVE Y.
H a lf course. (O ffered as required.)
Review readings and supplementary reading in Latin authors and in modern
authorities on Roman history, public and private antiquities, art, literature,
and religion. Designed to enable students, through independent study and
occasional conferences, to prepare themselves for final comprehensive examina
tions. Open to seniors with a major in Latin.
9. L A T I N L IT E R A T U R E IN E N G L IS H . Miss N orth.
(N ot offered in 1948-49.)
H a lf course, alternate years.
A study in English translation o f some of the masterpieces of Latin literature,
with emphasis upon the drama, satire, and philosophic writings and their
influence upon western thought and literature.
Ancient History and Civilization
10. T H E M E D IT E R R A N E A N W O R L D : G REE CE. M r. Shero.
(N ot offered in 1948-49.)
H a lf course, alternate years.
A study of Greek civilization in its most significant aspects to the time of the
Hellenistic kingdoms, preceded by a brief survey of the Oriental civilizations
by which the Greeks were influenced. Special attention is given to the 6th and
5th centuries B.C.
11. T H E M E D IT E R R A N E A N W O R L D : R O M E . Miss Cobbs.
H a lf course, alternate years.
A survey of Roman history, stressing the Roman genius for organization and
administration.
12. G R E E K LIFE A N D T H O U G H T .
H a lf course. (O ffered as required .)
A general survey of those aspects of Greek civilization which have had special
significance for the modern world, with detailed study of some of the master
pieces of Greek art and of Greek literature (in translation).
13. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O CLA SSIC A L A R C H A E O L O G Y .
H a lf c o u r s e .'(O ffered as required.)
A study of the methods of archaeological investigation, with a survey of the
development of Greek and Roman architecture, sculpture, painting, ceramics,
numismatics, and town-planning. Special attention is given to the early Greek
period and to Pompeii.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M a jo r s
and
M
in ors
G reek or Latin may be offered as a m ajor o r m in or subject in course or
in H on ors w ork. Prerequisites fo r students reading fo r H on ors are given
below . M ajor and m in or students in course are required to take the follow in g
during the first tw o years:
G reek o r Latin 3A and 3B (or, if the language is begun in college, through
course 2B ); G reek o r Latin Literature in English, w hichever is n ot read
in the original language. (Adjustm ents may b e made fo r special cases.)
R ecom m en ded fo r m ajor and m in or students during the first tw o years:
Latin 4 o r G reek 3; ancient history or archaeology; a m odern language and
literature; Fine Arts 1 and 2.
74
H
onors
W
ork
I. G eneral prereq u isite: For a m ajor in G reek o r Latin: Elementary Greek
(1), Interm ediate G reek (2), Latin Literature (3). (Adjustm ents may be made
for special cases.)
For a m in or in Greek: Elementary G reek (1), Interm ediate G reek (2).
F or a m inor in Latin: Latin Literature (3).
II. Supplem entary preparation advised: G reek 3 or Latin 4, ancient history
or archaeology, philosophy, French or Germ an literature.
III. Seminars: T h e follow in g seminars prepare fo r exam inations fo r a de
gree w ith H onors:
1. History of Ancient Greek and Roman Civilization, a survey concentrating upon
political institutions, art; and religion. (Offered in 1948-49 in second semester by
Mr. Shero.)
2. Intensive Study of a Special Period of Greek or Roman History: Solon to the end
of the Peloponnesian War; the Gracchi to Nero.
3. Plato. (See page 109 under Department of Philosophy.)
4. Greek or Latin Language: an introduction to classical philology, epigraphy,
palaeography; practice in reading and writing in Greek or in Latin.
5. Greek or Latin Prose Writers.
6. Greek or Latin Poets. (Latin Poets offered in 1948-49 in first semester by Miss
North.)
7. Greek and Roman Archaeology: intensive study of the results of excavations in
a few important cities and sanctuaries (e.g., Corinth, Olympia; Herculaneum,
Ostia).
8. Greek and Roman Political Thought: the principles presented in the writings of
Plato, Aristotle, Polybius, and Cicero, and in the careers of representative Roman
statesmen.
R eq u ired for a m ajor in G reek o r Latin: N os. 5, 6, either 3 or 4, and on e
elective from the grou p above.
R eq u ired for a m in or in G reek o r Latin: Nos. 5 and 6 above and an addi
tional paper testing translation at sight.
R eq u ired for a m ajor in A n cient H istory: T w o seminars in the ancient field
(Nos. 1, 2, 7, o r 8) above, and tw o seminars in m edieval o r m odern history.
See the statement under History.
IV. A thesis may be substituted fo r N o. 1 o r N o. 2 above if students have
adequate preparation in history, ancient art, an d m odern languages.
75
Economics
P r o fe sso r s : H e r b e r t F. F r a s e r .
P a t r ic k M u r p h y M a l i n .
C l a ir W il c o x , C h a irm a n .
A sso c ia t e P r o fe sso r s : * F r a n k C. P ie r s o n .
W o l f g a n g F. St o l p e r .
A ssistan t P r o f e ss o r : W il l is D . W e a t h e r f o r d .
I n s t r u c t o r (p a rt-tim e ): A r l e ig h P . H ess, J r .
L e ctu r er : G ordo n K e it h .
C o u r se W
ork
B eginning in 1948-49, all courses are to b e offered each year, if possible.
Course 1 is prerequisite to all oth er w ork in the departm ent except courses
2 an d 3, w hich are themselves strongly recom m en ded fo r in ten din g depart
m ental m ajors in course o r honors—as is P olitical Science 1. Courses 4 and 5
are required o f m ajors in course; the form er should b e taken in ju n io r year
if at all possible, the latter preferably in senior year. Courses 6, 7 and 8 may
be split, an d either semester taken separately as a half-course. Courses 4 to
12 are op en on ly to ju n iors and seniors, except by special permission.
In trod uctory Courses:
1. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O E C O N O M IC S .
Full course, all m em bers o f departm ent.
An introduction to economic analysis and policy: (a) organization of economic
activity—resources, the American system, the corporation, money and banking,
(b) stability and security—national product and national income, fluctuations
and monetary policy, public finance and fiscal policy, individual and social
security; (c) allocation of resources—determination of prices, governmental regu
lation of business; (d) distribution of income—functional and personal distri
bution, efforts to influence it; (e) the world economy; and (f) economic freedom
vs. economic planning.
2. A C C O U N T IN G . M r. Hess.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
Theory of corporate accountancy; the functions and the interpretation of
financial statements, including credit analysis and financial and operating ratios;
economic implications of accounting.
3. S T A T IS T IC S . M r. Hess.
H a lf course, secon d sem ester.
Study and application o f statistical methods used in analyses of economic data.
A dvanced Courses:
4. M O N E Y A N D B A N K IN G . M r. M alin.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
An introduction to the financial institutions and practice of the United
State, with special attention to commercial and central banking, and to p rice
and inflation Brief reference to fiscal policy and economic stability, and to
international economic relations—in their monetary aspects.
* Absent on leave 1948-49.
76
5. E C O N O M IC AN ALYSIS. M r. Stolper.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
An analysis of the processes by which prices o f goods and services are de
termined under different market conditions. A study of national income and
general equilibrium conditions. The application o f economic theory to public
policy problems.
6. E C O N O M IC S O F BUSINESS. M r. Fraser.
Full course (divisible).
The economic problems which confront the business executive: (a) First
semester—corporate organization and finance, investment banking and the securi
ties exchanges; business saving and investment in relation to the level of
national economic activity; (b) Second semester—marketing problems and price
policies; risk, speculation, insurance and the commodities exchanges.
7. P U B L IC C O N T R O L O F BUSINESS. M r. W ilco x . Full course (divisible).
(a) First semester—competition and monopoly in construction, manufacturing,
agriculture, marketing and the service trades; public enforcement and regula
tion of competition, (b) Second semester—public control of production and
prices in municipal utilities, transportation, communications and the extrac
tive industries; public control o f prices in war-time.
8. IN T E R N A T I O N A L E C O N O M IC S . Messrs. Fraser and M alin.
Full course (divisible).
(a) First semester—an introduction to the institutions and practices of inter
national trade and investment, and foreign exchange, (b) Second semester—an
analysis of international economic policy, against a background of economic
geography (resources, population and technology), and with special reference
to problems of post-war reconstruction in various countries and to relations
between free, semi-socialized and communistic systems.
9. P U B L IC FIN A N C E . M r. Fraser.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
The revenue and expenditures of federal, state and local governments. Prin
ciples of taxation and borrowing. Principles of expenditure, with special refer
ence to “ transfer” and “ productive” types, to the encouragement of efficiency,
and to the co-ordination o f the several governmental levels.
10. BUSINESS CYCLES. M r. Stolper.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
A discussion of the time series used to measure the business cycle; a brief
survey of the statistical methods used; a discussion of business cycle theories
with particular emphasis on the determinants o f the level of income and
employment.
11. L A B O R PR O B LE M S . M r. Pierson.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
(O ffered in 1948-49 by M r. W eatherford.)
The position of the industrial worker; the American labor movement; the
structure and functions of unions. Employer approaches to labor relations;
personal programs. T h e economics of wage policies. Governmental control of
labor relations.
12. S O C IA L E C O N O M IC S . M r. Pierson.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
(O ffered in 1948-49 b y M r. W eatherford.)
An examination o f the extent, consequences and causes of poverty, insecurity
and inequality. An appraisal of economic reforms with particular reference to
social insurance, medical care, housing, minimum wage laws, and the social
use o f the taxing power. An analysis of consumer co-operation, regionalism,
and still more ambitious proposals for changing the economic system.
77
H
onors
W
ork
B egin ning in 1948-49, all seminars are to be offered each semester, if pos
sible, and if student interest makes it necessary. Seminars 2 and 4 are required
o f all students taking fou r seminars in the departm ent. W hatever seminars
are taken, the follow in g order is recom m ended:
1. BUSINESS A N D F IN A N C E . Messrs. Fraser and M alin.
T h e subject-matter includes the topics covered in Courses 4, 6 and 9. The
method consists of systematic discussion based on assigned readings, oral re
ports and written papers.
2. M O N E T A R Y A N D FISC A L P O L IC Y . M r. Pierson.
(O ffered in 1948-49 by M r. Keith.)
The subject-matter includes the monetary aspects of fiscal policy and economic
stability, briefly referred to in Course 4 and Seminar 1; and the topics covered
in Course 10, to the extent that business cycle analysis is dependent on monetary
and fiscal factors. The method is as in Seminar 1.
3. IN T E R N A T I O N A L E C O N O M IC S . Messrs. W ilc o x and Stolper.
T h e subject-matter includes the topics covered in Course 8. The method is as
in Seminar 1.
4. E C O N O M IC T H E O R Y . M r. Stolper.
The subject-matter includes the topics covered in Course 5, and the remainder
of the topics covered in Course 10 not included in Seminar 2. The method is
as in Seminar 1, the reports and papers emphasizing the theoretical problems
raised by factual studies.
5. P U B L IC C O N T R O L O F BUSINESS. M r. W ilcox .
The subject-matter includes the topics covered in Course 7. The method con
sists of discussion based on independent reading under guidance in an extensive
bibliography and weekly outline reports thereon.
6. S O C IA L E C O N O M IC S . Messrs. W ilcox , M alin and Pierson.
(Mr.- Pierson’s p ortion offered in 1948-49 by M r. W eatherford.)
T h e subject-matter includes the topics covered in Courses 11 and 12. The
method is as in Seminar 1.
T
h esis
A thesis may b e substituted for a course or seminar, under exceptional
circumstances and b y special arrangement.
78
Engineering
P rofessors: H oward M. J enkins.
Sam uel T . C arpenter .
A ssociate P rofessors: J ohn D. M c C r u m m .
W illiam E. R easer.
#A ndrew Simpson .
A ssistant P rofessors: C. J ustus G arrahan .
A lbert A . K och .
R oy F. L insenmeyer.
C harles A. L ister.
B ernard M orrill .
I nstructors: G eorge C. B eebe.
T o m o m i M urakami (part-time)
J ames A. P ratt (part-time)
T homas E. Sweeney , J r . (part-time)
W illiam A. T ucker (part-time)
L ecturer: G eorge T . H ammershaimb .
R esearch C onsultant : C apt . W endell P. R oop .
R ecen t developm ents in the fields o f engineering, brought about b y the
coordinated efforts o f great num bers o f engineers and scientists, focus atten
tion u p on the necessity o f learning the fundam entals o f science and o f the
im portance o f cooperative endeavor. T h e engineer must be so disciplined
that he is n ot on ly technically proficient, bu t has a broad cultural background
w hich w ill enable him to accept his position as a professional man. T h e En
gineering staff is keenly aware o f the advances in engineering made possible
by new know ledge and new instruments, and feels a deep responsibility to
educate student engineers to recognize, analyze and solve the problem s with
w hich they w ill be faced after graduation.
T h e courses requ ired o f all students in E ngineering for the first tw o years
conform , insofar as possible, w ith the general curriculum adopted by the
college fo r the freshman and sophom ore year. Engineering students are re
qu ired to take D raw ing and Surveying in their freshman year. T h ese courses
replace foreign language in the general curriculum , but engineers may take
courses in foreign languages by substituting them fo r electives in the D ivision
o f the Hum anities.
T h ere are three departments o f Engineering—Civil, Electrical and M echan
ical. T h ese departments offer a series o f courses consisting o f: (1) introductory *
* Absent on leave.
79
courses w hich all freshman and sophom ore engineers must take; (2) courses
in Engineering throughout the ju n ior an d senior years as ou tlin ed in the
curriculum an d discussed o n pages 82-88. Engineering students successfully
com pletin g this program qu alify for the degree o f B achelor o f Science with
a m ajor in Civil, Electrical o r M echanical Engineering.
Each curriculum provides that the student o f E ngineering w ill take about
one-fifth o f his w ork in the D ivision o f the H um anities and Social Sciences,
on e-fourth o f his w ork in the D epartm ents o f Chemistry, Mathematics, and
Physics, and the rem ainder o f his w ork in the three D epartm ents o f Engineer
ing. T h e requirem ents fo r Civil, Electrical an d M echanical Engineering d o
n ot differ u ntil the fifth semester. A ll students devote their last tw o years:
(1) to certain basic courses requ ired o f all engineers; (2) to fulfilling the m ajor
requirem ents o f on e o f the departm ents o f Engineering; (3) to developin g
their special interests. It is possible fo r students in any o f the three depart
ments whose interests lie in the field o f administration, physics, mathematics
o r chemistry, to elect courses having a m ore direct bearing o n these subjects.
A t the en d o f the sophom ore year an exam ination is given to each student
o f engineering to support his application fo r his m ajor in Engineering.*
A n engineering student may enter the H on ors program at the begin ning
o f the fifth semester. W h en the sections in Engineering are small, the m ethods
o f the seminar are follow ed in all u pper classes. T h erefore m en w h o elect to
take H on ors exam inations and those w ho d o n ot may be in the same classes
and are subject to the same disciplines.
O
u t l in e o f t h e
C u r r ic u l a
C iv il , E l e c t r ic a l ,
and
M
in t h e
D epartm ents
e c h a n ic a l
of
E n g in e e r in g
First Semester
T hird Semester
English Literature
Physics 1A
M athematics 1
GE1 D rawing
CE1 Surveying
Social Science Elective
Chemistry 1A
M athematics 11
CE3 Statics
G E4 Materials
N on-technical Elective
Second Semester
Fourth Semester
English C om position
Physics IB
M athematics 2
GE2 D escriptive Geom etry
CE2 Surveying
Social Science Elective
Chemistry IB
M athematics 12
CE4 Dynam ics
EE1 Electric and M agnetic Circuits
N on-technical Elective
• This is to be a requirement for the class graduating in 1951, et. seq.
80
Civil Engineering
Fifth. Semester
Seventh Semester
M E I Therm odynam ics
EE2 D .C. Apparatus
CE5 M echanics o f Materials and Lab.
EE6 Analysis o f Physical Problem s
•Arts Elective (5th course)
CE7 Structural Design
CE9 Soil M echanics
CE10 Sanitary Engineering
E ngineering Elective
•Free Elective (5th course)
Sixth Semester
Eighth Semester
M E2 Fluid M echanics
EE3 A .C . Apparatus and Circuits
CE6 Structural T h eory
G E5 Industrial M anagem ent, o r EE7
Analysis o f Physical Problem s
•Arts Elective (5th course)
CE8 A dvan ced Structural T h eory
CE11 R ein forced C oncrete
GE7 Engineering E conom y
E ngineering o r Arts Elective
•Free Elective (5th course)
Electrical Engineering
Fifth Semester
Seventh Semester
ME1 T h erm odynam ics
EE8 A .C . M achinery
EE2 D .C . Apparatus
E10 Electron T u b es and Circuits
CE5 M echanics o f M aterials and Lab. M E3 H eat Power
EE6 Analysis o f Physical Problem s
Science Elective
•Arts Elective (5th course)
‘ Free Elective (5th course)
Sixth Semester
Eighth Semester
M E2 Flu id M echanics
EE4 A .C . Circuit T h eory
EE5 Electronics
EE7 Analysis o f Physical Problem s
•Arts Elective (5th course)
EE9 A .C . M achinery
EE11 Electrical N etworks
EE 12 R adiation
Science Elective
•Free Elective (5th course)
Mechanical Engineering
Fifth Semester
Seventh Semester
ME1 Therm odynam ics
EE2 D .C. Apparatus
CE5 M echanics o f M aterials and Lab.
Elective (M athematics recom m ended)
•Arts Elective (5th course)
M E3 H eat Pow er
M E5 Internal C om bustion Engines
M E6 Physical M etallurgy
M E7 M achine Design
•Free Elective (5th course)
Sixth Semester
Eighth Semester
M E2 Flu id M echanics
EE3 A .C . Apparatus and Circuits
CE6 Structural T h eory
GE5 Industrial M anagem ent
•Arts Elective (5th course)
M E4 Therm odynam ics
M E9 R efrigeration and A ir C on dition
in g
M E8 M achine Design
GE7 Engineering Econom y
•Free Elective (5th course)
Urged but not required, 1948-49.
81
G
e n e r a i,
C ourses
GE1 D R A W IN G . M r. Reaser, M r. M orrill.
Orthographic projection and modern drafting practice. Sketching with em
phasis on accurate visualization. Required course for freshman engineers. Open
to all students.
GE2 D E S C R IP T IV E G E O M E T R Y . M r. Reaser, M r. M orrill.
A continuation of the principles of orthographic drawing as applied to problems
of location and description of bodies in space. This course is concerned with
the solutions of problems that arise in connection with the determination of
distances, angles, and intersections. Emphasis is placed upon the application to
practical engineering problems. Required for freshman engineers; open to
all students.
GE3 SH O P
This course is designed to develop a conception of the normal function and
varied uses of the metal and woodworking machines found in any typical shop.
(GE3 not offered in 1948-49.)
G E4 M A T E R IA L S . Staff.
A study of the elementary metallurgy of ferrous and non-ferrous material.
T h e physical behavior of the various engineering materials is studied in thè
laboratory as affected by state of stress, temperature, and heat treatment.
GE5 and G E6 IN D U S T R IA L M A N A G E M E N T . M r. Reaser.
A survey study of the organization and management of industrial activities,
including historical background, organization, physical plant, standardization,
job analysis, methods of wage payment, personnel and control. Open to all
students.
GE7 E N G IN E E R IN G E C O N O M Y . M r. Carpenter.
A study of the methods of determining the relative economy of engineering
alternatives; compound interest and the calculation of annual cost, present
worth and prospective rates of return. A method of analysis which the engineer
uses when he investigates a proposed course of action to decide whether it will
prove to be economical in the long run. Open to all students.
Civil Engineering Department
Sam uel T . C arpenter, Chairman, G eorge C. B eebe, A lbert A.
K och , R oy F. L insenmeyer
CE1 S U R V E Y IN G . M r. Linsenmeyer, M r. Beebe.
Surveying instruments and their adjustment; practice in taping, leveling, run
ning traverses. Required course for freshman engineers. Open to all students
who have had trigonometry in high school or college.
CE2 S U R V E Y IN G . M r. Linsenmeyer, M r. Beebe.
Taking topography, stadia work, preparation of profiles and maps from field
notes.
Prerequisite, CE1 Surveying.
82
CE3 S T A T IC S . Staff.
Concept and definition of force, scalar, and vector quantities; combination and
resolution of forces, parallelogram law, and triangle law; principle of moment
and couples; including forces in space; graphical and analytical condition for
equilibrium, force polygon, and string polygon; equilibrium of forces as
applied to simple structures and machines, free body sketches, stress diagrams,
method of sections, loaded cables; conditions of equilibrium for various force
systems; coplanor and noncoplanor; centroids of areas, volumes, and masses;
area and volume theorems. Open to students who have taken Mathematics 1
and 2 and Physics 1.
CE4 D Y N A M IC S. Staff.
Principles of dynamics, motion of a particle, Newton’s laws, general equation
o f motion, rectilinear motion, displacement, velocity, speed, and acceleration,
motion of a particle acted upon by a constant force, force proportional to dis
placement, simple harmonic motion, free and forced vibration, resonance,
critical speed; inertia forces, work and energy, and relation between work and
energy; momentum and impulse; curvilinear motion, velocity, tangential and
normal acceleration, moment of inertia of masses; rotation, angular displace
ment, velocity and acceleration, centripetal acceleration, and centrifugal forces;
kinetic energy of rotation, torque, and power; balancing o f rotating bodies;
relative motion, angular momentum and gyroscopic motion; combined trans
lation and rotation.
Prerequisite, CE3 Statics.
CE5 M E C H A N IC S O F M A T E R IA L S A N D L A B O R A T O R Y . M r. Carpenter,
M r. Linsenmeyer.
This course deals with the internal stresses and changes of form which always
occur when forces act upon solid bodies. T h e mechanics involved in the design
of simple engineering structures is presented so that the student may realize
the problems which must be solved in order to secure the required strength
and stiffness in such structures. The laboratory work of this course is planned
to clarify the theoretical considerations of beams, columns, combined stress,
torsion and methods of strain measurement.
Prerequisite, CE4 Dynamics.
CE6 S T R U C T U R A L T H E O R Y . M r. Carpenter.
Analysis of determinate and indeterminate structures. A study of stresses in
truss and rigid frame systems.
Prerequisite, CE5 Mechanics of Materials.
CE7 S T R U C T U R A L D ESIG N . M r. Carpenter.
Design of structural members and connections for steel and timber structures.
Prerequisite, CE6 Structural Theory.
CE8 A D V A N C E D S T R U C T U R A L T H E O R Y . M r. Carpenter.
A study of complex structural systems and advanced mechanics of materials.
Photoelastidty and the study of structural models.
Prerequisite, CE6 Structural Theory.
CE9 S O IL M E C H A N IC S . M r. Linsenmeyer.
The theory and practice of soil mechanics as applied to foundations, highways
and airports.
Prerequisite, CE5 Mechanics of Materials.
83
CE10 S A N IT A R Y E N G IN E E R IN G . M r. K och.
This course deals with the important activities of the sanitary engineer, includ
ing the development and purification of water supplies; sewerage and sewage
disposal.
Prerequisite, ME2 Fluid Mechanics.
CE1I R E IN F O R C E D C O N C R E T E . M r. Linsenmeyer.
T h e analysis and design of concrete structure, including concrete building
frames, concrete bridges and retaining walls.
Prerequisite, CE6 Structural Theory.
CE19 T H E S IS. Staff.
Electrical Engineering Department
H oward M. J enkins, Chairman, C. J ustus G arrahan , C harles A.
L ister, J ohn D. M cC ru m m , T o m o m i M urakam i.
EE1 E L E C T R IC A N D M A G N E T IC C IR C U IT S . M r. Jenkins.
The experimental basis of electricity and magnetism; elementary electrostatics
and magnetostatics; voltage, current power, energy. Induced electromotive
forces; capacitance and inductance; elementary problems in ferro-magnetism.
Prerequisite, Physics IB, and to be accompanied by Mathematics 12.
EE2 D IR E C T -C U R R E N T A P P A R A T U S . M r. Jenkins.
Principles of design and operation of direct-current generators and motors;
theory concerning torque, flux, speed, voltage and speed regulation, commuta
tion, and armature reaction of shunt and compound machines; parallel opera
tion; theory and practice of direct-current control equipment for generators
and motors.
Prerequisite, EE1 Electric and Magnetic Circuits.
EE3 A L T E R N A T IN G -C U R R E N T
C IR C U IT S A N D
APPARATU S.
M r.
Jenkins an d Staff.
Relations of simple harmonic electromotive forces and currents, phase differ
ences; active, reactive and apparent power, power factor, resistance, inductance
and capacitance; series, parallel, series parallel and resonant circuits; polyphase
circuits, balanced and unbalanced. T h e construction, characteristics and opera
tion o f alternators, induction motors, transformers, synchronous motors, syn
chronous converters, mercury arc rectifiers and their regulating and control
devices.
Prerequisite, EE2 Direct-Current Apparatus.
EE4 A L T E R N A T IN G -C U R R E N T C IR C U IT T H E O R Y . M r. Lister.
Instantaneous current and power; effective current and voltage; single phase
circuit analysis; the use of complex impedance; non-sinusoidal waves; coupled
circuits; balanced polyphase circuits, unbalanced polyphase circuits and symmetrical components.
EE5 E L E C T R O N IC S . M r. Lister.
Motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields; thermionic cathodes;
the high vacuum diode; electrical discharges in gases; rectifiers and thyratrons;
power supplies and filters; the triode; the multi-electrode tube; voltage and
power amplifiers.
84
EE6 A N ALY SIS O F P H Y S IC A L PR O B LE M S. M r. Lister.
A study of the application of physical laws and selected branches of mathematics
to the analysis and solution o f physical problems. The selected branches of
mathematics include: ordinary differential equations; determinants; graphical
solutions; hyperbolic functions; infinite series.
Prerequisite, Mathematics 12.
EE7 A N A LY SIS O F P H Y SIC A L P R O B L E M S . M r. M cCrum m .
Further study of physical problems employing the following branches of
mathematics: Gamma and Bessel functions; elliptic integrals; Fourier series;
partial differential equations; operational calculus; vector analysis; dimensional
analysis; conformal mapping.
Prerequisite, EE6 Analysis o f Physical Problems.
EE8 A L T E R N A T I N G C U R R E N T M A C H IN E R Y . M r. M cCrum m .
The transformer; equivalent circuits; determination of regulation and efficiency;
parallel operation; polyphase transformers; autotransformers. Synchronous
machines; alternators; determination of regulation; the two reaction theory
of synchronous generators.
Prerequisite, EE4 Alternating-Current Circuit Theory.
EE9 A L T E R N A T I N G C U R R E N T M A C H IN E R Y . M r. M cCrum m .
Synchronous motors; the two reaction theory of salient-pole synchronous motors;
efficiency. Parallel operation of alternators. Polyphase induction motors; single
phase induction motors; induction generators. Commutator alternating cur
rent motors. Mercury arc rectifiers and inverters.
Prerequisite, EE8 Alternating Current Machinery.
EE10 E L E C T R O N T U B E S A N D C IR C U IT S . M r. Garrahan, M r. Murakami.
Methods of analysis of electron tubes and circuits; analysis and design of voltage
and current amplifiers; power amplifiers; modulation and detection; oscillators;
trigger circuits and pulse generators; cathode ray tubes and circuits, receivers
and transmitters.
Prerequisites, EE4 Alternating-Current Circuit Theory, EE5 Electronics, and
EE7 Analysis of Physical Problems, or equivalent.
EE 11 E L E C T R IC A L N E T W O R K S . M r. Garrahan.
Characteristics of four terminal networks; artificial lines; transmission lines
with distributed parameters; lump loaded lines; conventional filter theory;
impedance transformation; the transient behavior o f filters; simulative and
corrective networks; the transient behavior of long transmission lines.
EE12 R A D IA T IO N . M r. Garrahan.
Stationary electric and magnetic fields; oscillating systems; Maxwell’s hypothesis;
plane waves; propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves; antennas;
guided electromagnetic waves; characteristics of wave guides and high frequency
transmission lines; resonant cavities.
Prerequisites, EE7 Analysis of Physical Problems, and EE10 Electron Tubes and
Circuits, or equivalent.
EE13 U L T R A -H IG H F R E Q U E N C Y T E C H N IQ U E S . Staff.
An experimental study of ultra-high frequency phenomena. The topics investi
gated include: ultra-high frequency generators; pulse sharpening circuits; trans
mission lines; directional antennas; hollow wave guides. This course is offered
as an elective to students whose interests lie in this field.
85
EE14 T R A N S I E N T C IR C U IT AN ALYSIS. Stafi.
A theoretical and experimental study of the transient response of physical sys
tems. Theoretical deductions will be verified experimentally in the laboratory.
This course is offered as an elective to students having a particular interest
in oscillography.
Prerequisites, EE4 Alternating-Current Circuit Theory, and EE6 Analysis of
Physical Problems.
EE 15 E L E C T R IC A L M E A S U R E M E N T S. Staff.
A study of the precise measurement of electrical quantities. Emphasis will be
placed on the experimental techniques required when high precision is desired.
Offered to science students as an elective.
EE19 TH E SIS. Staff.
An engineering thesis may be substituted for a course or for the examination on
the subject matter covered in a seminar, by special arrangement with the staff.
H
onors
T h e fou r follow in g seminars are offered b y the D epartm ent to prepare
fo r exam inations fo r degrees w ith H onors. Students w ho plan to take H on ors
seminars in Electrical Engineering should note that Circuit Analysis is a
desirable preparation for Electronics (although n ot a prerequisite if a seminar
in Electricity and M agnetism has been taken). A dequate training in electrical
m achinery, an d the Circuits Seminar o r its equivalent, are prerequisites for
the seminar in Servomechanisms.
Circuit Analysis
Consideration o f the problem s o f transient and steady state condition s in
electrical circuits and networks. T h is includes the con cept o f instantaneous
and effective values, single and polyphase circuit analysis and the use o f com
p lex expressions and symmetrical com ponents fo r the solution o f circuits,
non-sinusoidal waves and circuits in volvin g non-sinusoidal quantities. Also
in cluded is a study o f fou r terminal networks, electric wave filters, and lon g
transmission lines.
E lectronics
A study and investigation o f electron ballistics and the characteristics o f
tubes and their application in amplifiers, m odulators, detectors, oscillators,
pulse generators, etc. Some elem entary aspects o f radiation and ultra high
frequency techniques may be included.
Electrical M achinery
A n intensive study o f the basic aspects shared in com m on by transformers
and rotating electrical m achinery. A further study o f the operating character
istics and the engineering application o f electrical machines as specific direct
current and alternating current devices.
86
Servomechanisms
T h e seminar is a summary and investigation o f the characteristics o f closed
cycle con trol systems an d their com ponents. T h e mechanisms may be elec
trical, mechanical, thermal, etc., depen din g u p on the fu n ction to be served.
It offers a derivation o f the properties o f servocontrol devices and systems and
their direct relationship to the physical principles that govern their operation.
It w ill include an introdu ction to transfer-functions and transient energy
interchanges.
Mechanical Engineering Department
W illiam E. R easer, Chairman, G eorge T . H am mershaimb , B ernard
M orrill , J ames A. Pratt , T homas E. Sweeney , J r .,
W illiam A. T ucker.
ME1 T H E R M O D Y N A M IC S . M r. Ham mershaim b and M r. Reaser.
Energy concepts and units; fundamental principles involved in the conversions
of energy; properties of gases, vapors and mixtures; conservation of energy and
thermal processes, steady flow and non-flow; analysis of gas and vapor cycles;
classroom work supplemented by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisites, Mathematics 12 and Physics 1.
M E2 F L U ID M E C H A N IC S . M r. M orrill an d M r. Sweeney.
Properties of fluids; statics of fluids; flotation; accelerated liquids in relative
equilibrium; dynamics of fluids; impulse and momentum in fluids; dynamic
lift and propulsion; the flow of viscous fluids; flow of fluids in pipes; flow with
a free surface; flow through orifices and tubes; the resistance of immersed
viscous fluids; dynamic similarity and dimensional analysis.
Prerequisites, Mathematics 12 and Physics 1.
M E3 H E A T P O W E R . M r. Reaser and M r. Sweeney.
The conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy in the various heat
engines. Application of the principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics
to the analysis and testing of prime movers. Steam and gas turbines, recipro
cating steam and internal combustion engines. Classroom work supplemented
by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisite, ME1 Thermodynamics, and ME2 Fluid Mechanics.
M E4 T H E R M O D Y N A M IC S . M r. M orrill.
General thermodynamic equations; study of real gases; theory of combustion;
gas turbine and jet propulsion; heat transmission. Classroom work supple
mented by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisites, ME1, 2, 3.
M E5 IN T E R N A L C O M B U S T IO N EN GIN ES. M r. Reaser.
Application of the fundamental principles of theromdynamics and mechanics to
the design of internal combustion engines and gas turbines; combustion of
actual mixtures; analysis of theoretical and actual cycles; carburetion and fuel
injection; mixture distribution; detonation; ignition; supercharging. Classroom
work supplemented by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisite, ME1 Thermodynamics.
87
M E6 P H Y S IC A L M E T A L L U R G Y . M r. T u ck er and M r. Pratt.
T h e crystalline structure o£ metals and alloys; binary alloy systems; the ironcarbon equilibrium diagram. Heat treatment theory and practice. Study of the
physical characteristics of the newer structural alloys. Corrosion, fatigue, and
creep. Techniques of microscopic examination and photomicrography. Class
room work supplemented by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisite, GE4 Materials, or Introduction to Physical Chemistry 3.
M E7 M A C H IN E D ESIG N . M r. M orrill.
Design of machine elements such as shafts, pulleys, gears, belts, chains, clutches,
springs and fastenings; bearings, lubrication and friction; kinematics and
mechanisms.
Prerequisite, CE5 Mechanics of Materials.
M E8 M A C H IN E D E SIG N . M r. M orrill.
Application o f the principles o f analytical mechanics and mechanics of ma
terials to the design o f machines of a complex character. Emphasis is placed
on dynamic loading, inertia effects, vibration, balancing and lubrication.
Prerequisites, ME5 Internal Combustion Engines, and ME7 Machine Design.
M E9 R E F R IG E R A T IO N A N D A I R C O N D IT IO N IN G . M r. M orrill.
A comprehensive study of refrigerants, cycles and performance of refrigerating
equipment; principles of air-vapor mixtures; humidification, dehumidification,
and distribution of air; analysis of heating and cooling systems and apparatus.
Principles of design and practical procedure are introduced where applicable.
Classroom work supplemented by laboratory exercises.
Prerequisite, ME1 Thermodynamics.
M E19 T H E S IS. Staff.
88
English
Professors: P hilip M arshall H icks, C h a i r m a n .
Everett L. H unt.
♦ T ownsend Scudder, 3rd.
A ssociate P rofessor: E lizabeth C o x W right .
A ssistant Professors: G eorge J. B ecker.
B ruce D earing .
Frederic S. K lees.
Stephen E. W hicher .
I nstructors: R obert C. A ckart .
B arbara P earson L ange (part-tim e).
C ourses
1. M O D E R N L IT E R A T U R E : In troduction to English Studies. M r. Ackart,
M r. Becker, M r. Dearing, M r. Hicks, M r. Klees, M r. W h icher, Mrs.
W right.
H a lf course.
An introduction to the critical study of the four principal types of literature;
poetry, drama, novel and non-fictional prose. The materials are drawn chiefly
from modern American literature. A freshman requirement.
2. C O M P O S IT IO N . M r. Ackart.
H a lf course.
Training in the writing of non-fictional prose. Designed to meet the require
ments of Engineering and Pre-Medical students. Other students admitted on
the basis of need for this work.
3. C H A U C E R . M r. Klees and M r. Scudder.
H a lf course.
Troilus and Criseyde, The Canterbury Tales and some of the minor poems
are read in the original Middle English, with greater attention to the literary
than the linguistic aspects.
4. M IL T O N A N D T H E S E V E N T E E N T H C E N T U R Y . M r. H u n t and Mrs.
W right.
H a lf course.
Paradise Lost, selections from Milton’s shorter poems, The Old Testament,
Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and the lyrics of John Donne are read. Study is
made of narrative, epic and lyric writing, and the relationship o f literature
to the thought of the century.
5. E N G L IS H P O E T R Y . Mrs. W right.
Full course.
A survey of English poetry from the beginning, with a studyof the principles
o f poetic criticism, and a careful investigation of the work of two or three
poets. Advanced course; new students not admitted in the middle o f the year.
6A . T H E C H R O N IC L E N O V E L . M r. Hicks.
H a lf course.
A survey of the development of the English novel from Fielding to Trollope.
6B. T H E D R A M A T IC N O V E L . M r. Hicks.
H a lf course.
The modern English novel from Meredith to Forster, with special emphasis on
developments in techniques and content as contrasted with the novelists
covered in course 6A.
Absent on leave, first semester, 1948-49.
89
7A C O M E D Y . M r. Klees.
.
? a l f c° urseDramatic comedy in its various forms, English and American, with particular
attention to the Elizabethan, Restoration and Modern periods.
7B. T R A G E D Y . M r. Klees.
HaZ/
Dramatic tragedy from the Agamemnon trilogy to A Streetcar Named Desire,
with emphasis on Elizabethan and modern American tragedy.
8A S O C IA L C R IT IC IS M . M r. Becker.
H alf course.
Significant discussions by men of letters of the culture arising after the In
dustrial Revolution.
H a lf course.
8B B IO G R A P H Y A N D T R A V E L . M r. Klees.
Biography from Pepys to the present, with stress on the times as well as the
lives; representative travel literature from Hakluyt to Dos Passos.
H a lf course.
8C. L IT E R A R Y C R IT IC IS M . M r. H unt.
and
their backThe theories and documents of English literary criticism
ground.
Full course.
9. SH A K E SPE ARE . Staff.
toward establishing
A careful reading of the plays and poems, directed
-----: a full
meaning for the modern student. This is for English majors only, and is taken
in the first term of the senior year, in seminar form.
10 SENIOR CONFERENCE. Staff.
H a lf course.
Group meetings of English majors held in the second term of the senior year
for the purposes of reviewing, integrating and supplementing the students
course program.
11. A M E R IC A N L IT E R A T U R E . M r. W hicher.
Full course.
Survey course emphasizing major writers and periods and their relationship
to the currents of American civilization.
12. R E A L IS M . M r. Becker.
H a lf course.
Literary and philosophical implications of the modern movement since Flaubert.
13. S A T IR E . M r. D earing.
Full course.
An historically oriented consideration o f the principal satires of world literature. Fall term: Representative Roman, Medieval, Renaissance, 17th and 18th
century satires. Spring term: 19th and 20th century satires.
14. A R G U M E N T . M r. Becker.
H a lf course.
The analysis and orderly presentation of large bodies of material m speech
and writing.
15. E L IZ A B E T H A N L I T E R A T U R E . M r. Klees.
H a lf course.
Comprehensive study of the literature of the period exclusive of the work of
Shakespeare.
16. SH AK E SPE ARE . M r. Klees.
A study of the major plays; for non-English majors.
H a lf course.
.
G R E E K L IT E R A T U R E IN E N G L IS H (G reek 9). M r. Shero.
H a lf course.
L A T I N L IT E R A T U R E IN E N G L IS H (Latin 9). M r. Shero.
H a lf course.
W ritin g and Speaking. Students in need o f special training in C om position
o r Speech may be requ ired to take tutorial w ork o r to com plete Course 2
b efore entering the ju n io r year.
Extra-curricular student groups fo r practice in creative w riting, acting,
speaking and debating m eet w ith mem bers o f the English faculty.
90
R equirements
for
M ajors
and
M inors
in
C ourse
M a jor: T h e w ork o f the English m ajor in course norm ally consists o f at
least fou r fu ll courses in the departm ent, in clu din g M odern Literature m
the first year, either Chaucer o r M ilton in the second year, a fu ll course or
two h alf courses in on e o f the types (num bers 5, 6, 7 and 8 above), in the
third year, and Shakespeare and the Senior C on feren ce m the final year.
T h e com prehensive exam ination at the close o f the senior year is based on
this work, bu t also includes questions o n other courses offered by the de
partm ent for those prepared in these fields. A reading list in English and
Am erican literature is given to all m ajors to act as a guide in the selection
o f courses and to in depen den t reading in preparation for the Senior con
ference. English m ajors are expected to take a semester’s w ork in either
Fine Arts o r M usic and are advised to take a semester’s w ork in some foreign
literature. Students expectin g to d o graduate w ork are advised to acquire a
reading know ledge in the languages requ ired b y the schools they propose
to attend.
M in or: T h e w ork o f the m in or in course norm ally consists o f three full
courses elected w ith the approval o f the m ajor departm ent, in clu din g M odern
Literature.
H onors W ork
Prerequisites. T h e course requirem ents fo r a m ajor in English H on ors
are the same as for a m ajor in course, M odern Literature and either Chaucer
or M ilton . T h e election o f an additional English course in the sophom ore
year is advised w hen the schedule permits it and T h e H istory o f England is
also recom m ended.
F or admission w ith a m in or in English, the requirem ent is on e year in
English, in clu din g M odern Literature.
Program. M ajors in H on ors must take fou r seminars in the department,
in cluding Shakespeare and on e o f the types seminars from G rou p II. M inors
in H on ors may en roll in any tw o 6r three o f the seminars offered as may
seem best suited to the purposes o f their w hole program .
Seminars. T h e follow in g seminars prepare fo r exam inations fo r a degree
w ith H onors.
G roup I
SH A KESPEARE. M r. Dearing, M r. Hicks and M r. W h icher. B oth semesters.
A study of the mind and art of Shakespeare as dramatist and poet. The
emphasis is on the major plays, with a more rapid reading of the remainder
o f his work. Students are advised to read through the whole of the plays before
entering the seminar.
M IL T O N A N D T H E 17 T H C E N T U R Y . M r. H u nt.
Milton, Donne and the poetry of the Bible.
C H A U C E R . M r. Klees and M r. Scudder.
A study of Chaucer’s poetry and age.
91
Fall sem ester.
Spring sem ester.
G rou p II
P O E T R Y . Mrs. W right.
Spring sem ester.
Chiefly Victorian poetry. T h e basic elements of poetic expression, thought,
imagery and sound, are studied separately, and then brought together in the
investigation of four long poems.
D R A M A . M r. Hicks.
Spring sem ester.
Survey of the development of the drama in England and America following a
preliminary study of classic drama.
N O V E L . Mrs. W right.
Chiefly 19th century. Principles of aesthetics
developed from the study of selected novels
Fal1 sem ester.
applied to the novel form are
outside the Victorian tradition.
L IT E R A R Y C R IT IC IS M . M r. H u nt.
Spring sem ester.
English literary criticism from Sidney to Pater, with some study of classical
backgrounds and contemporary developments.
G rou p III
S O C IA L C R IT IC IS M . M r. Becker.
Social theory in American and English literature.
C O M P A R A T IV E L IT E R A T U R E . M r. Becker.
The great modern writers since Flaubert and Tolstoy
Spring sem ester.
Fall sem ester.
T H E E IG H T E E N T H C E N T U R Y . M r. D earing.
Spring sem ester.
A study of ideas and forms in the works of Dryden, Pope, Swift and Johnson.
A M E R IC A N L IT E R A T U R E . M r. W hicher.
A study of the major writers in this field.
Fall sem ester.
P R O B L E M S O F L IT E R A R Y S T U D Y . Mrs. W right.
Fall sem ester.
This seminar gives training in bibliography, selection of problems for critical
writing, and leads to the presentation of a thesis. Students read and criticise
each other’s work at intervals and confer individually with the instructor.
Students who wish to write theses not properly within the scope of this seminar
may apply to the Chairman of the Department for permission to substitute
such projects for the fourth seminar of work in the major field.
L IN G U IS T IC SCIENCE. M r. R eu n ing. (G erm an)
Admitted as a seminar in English for majors who concentrate on English or
American language problems; may also be considered as a minor for students
majoring in English.
92
Fine Arts
A ssociate Professor: R obert M. W alker , Chairman.
I nstructors: H edley H . R hys .
Ethel Stilz (part-tim e).
1. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O A R T H IS T O R Y . M r. W alker and M r. Rhys.
Full course.
An introduction to the nature and function of architecture, sculpture, and
painting, as well as a preliminary investigation of certain problems in art
history and criticism, through an analytical study of examples, both originals
and reproductions, selected from Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance, and M odem
periods.
T h e full course, or its equivalent, is the prerequisite for a major or minor in
Fine Arts but it is specially designed for students who cannot take the first
semester.
2. A R T O F A N C IE N T C IV IL IZ A T IO N S . M r. W alker.
H a lf course.
A consideration of certain aspects of the art of ancient civilizations of the
Near East, Greece, and Italy in the light of their significance for succeeding
cultures in Europe and America.
3. A R T O F T H E M ID D L E AGES. M r. W alker.
H a lf course.
A study of the function of Christianity in the development o f architecture,
sculpture, painting, and the minor arts during the Middle Ages in Europe.
4. A R T O F T H E I T A L IA N RE N A ISSA N C E . M r. Rhys.
H a lf course.
A study o f certain aspects of the Renaissance in Italy as expressed in archi
tecture, sculpture, and painting. Emphasis is placed on such great masters as
Donatello, Alberti, Masaccio, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo, and
Titian.
5. R E N A ISSA N C E A N D B A R O Q U E P A IN T IN G IN W E S T E R N E U R O PE .
M r. W alker.
H a lf course.
- Stylistic developments in painting during the XV, XVI, and XVII centuries in
the Low Countries, France, Germany, and Spain.
6. M O D E R N P A IN T IN G . M r. Rhys.
H a lf course.
Certain movements and directions in European painting of the X IX and X X
centuries, with special reference to stylistic developments in France and
Germany.
7. A M E R IC A N A R T . M r. Rhys.
H a lf course.
A consideration o f painting, sculpture, and architecture in North America
from the Colonial Period to the present time, their relationship to European
art, and their significance as a reflection of American culture.
8. D E SIG N IN D R A W I N G A N D P A IN T IN G . M r. Rhys.
H a lf course.
Exercises in determining the basic elements of design, their function in draw
ing and painting, and a consideration of various methods of design and repre
sentation as seen in the work of certain great masters. T h e practical exercises
required demand no special technical aptitude since the purpose of the course
is not to develop a professional skill but a critical understanding of drawing
and painting.
93
9. T H E O R Y O F D ESIG N . Miss Stilz.
H a lf course.
T h e principles of design and color and their application to the planning and
furnishing of the interior of the house.
10. M O D E R N B U IL D IN G . M r. W alker.
H a lf course.
An introduction to the nature of architecture and the function of the archi
tect through a study of American and European developments as they present
significant problems in the relationship between design and structure. Special
emphasis will be placed on original examples in the Philadelphia area and
such men as Richardson, Sullivan, Frank Lloyd Wright, Lescaze, Gropius, and
Le Corbusier will be discussed.
Prerequisites
T h e prerequisite for a M ajor o r M in or in Fine Arts is the fu ll course,
Fine Arts 1, o r its equivalent. A ll other students must take the first semester
o f Fine Arts 1, o r satisfy the D epartm ent that they have already m et this
requirem ent, b efore continu in g in advanced courses.
R equirements
for a
M ajor
in
F ine A rts
T h e w ork o f the m ajor in course norm ally consists o f at least eight half
courses, in addition to the fu ll course, Fine Arts 1. Students plann in g to
continue their w ork in graduate school are advised o f the language require
ment, usually Germ an and French.
H onors W ork
T h e prerequisite for H on ors W ork is the fu ll course, Fine Arts 1, o r its
equivalent. T h e seminars actually given in any on e semester vary from year
to year according to the choices o f the students and the convenience o f the
departm ent.
1. IT A L I A N P A IN T IN G : F O U R T E E N T H T H R O U G H S IX T E E N T H
C E N T U R IE S . M r. W alker.
Analysis of the work o f a selected group of outstanding masters as a means of
studying more intensively certain fundamental problems of art history and
criticism.
2. M O D E R N P A IN T IN G . M r. W alker.
Investigation of certain major movements and trends in European painting
of the X IX and X X centuries with special emphasis on stylistic developments
in France and Germany.
3. R E N A IS SA N C E A N D B A R O Q U E P A IN T IN G IN W E S T E R N E U R O P E .
M r. W alker.
Stylistic developments in painting during the XV, XVI, and XVII centuries
in the Low Countries, France, Germany, and Spain.
4. M A S T E R P R I N T M A K E R S . M r. W alker.
Consideration of certain problems in the history of the book and the print.
A study of the significance of such men as Duerer, Rembrandt, Goya, Daumier,
and Munch for the development of expression in the graphic media of woodcut, engraving, etching, and lithography. Special emphasis is placed on the
study o f original material in both public and private collection in the Phila
delphia area.
94
German Language and Literature
A ssistant P rofessors: L ydia B aer , C h a irm a n .
H ilde D. C ohn .
K arl R euning.
1. E L E M E N T A R Y G E R M A N . M em bers o f the D epartm ent.
For students who begin German in college.
Full course.
2A. R E A D IN G , G R A M M A R , A N D C O M P O S IT IO N . M em bers o f the D e
partment.
H a lf course.
Reading of German prose and poetry. Review of grammar, practice in written
and oral German.
Prerequisite, German 1 or equivalent.
2B. R E A D IN G , G R A M M A R , A N D C O M P O S IT IO N continued. M em bers
o f the D epartm ent.
H a lf course.
Prerequisite, German 2A or equivalent.
2Bs. G E R M A N F O R SCIEN CE S T U D E N T S . M r. R eu n in g.
H a lf course.
Special training in reading German scientific prose. Edited science selections
followed by unedited material taken from the various scientific fields of the
members of the class.
Prerequisite, German 2A or equivalent.
3.
I N T R O D U C T O R Y ST U D IE S IN G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E .
M r. R eu n ing.
H a lf course.
A study of representative German authors from the classical period to the
present; reading and discussion of dramas, stories, and lyric poems. Writing of
critical reports.
Prerequisite, Course 2 or equivalent.
3. (special). W R I T I N G A N D SP E A K IN G G E R M A N . M r. R euning.
H a lf course.
Composition and conversation. Introduction to Volkskunde: the social and
cultural backgrounds of modern Germany.
Prerequisite, Course 2 or equivalent.
4. G R E A T P E R IO D S IN G E R M A N L I T E R A T U R E .
Full course.
5. T H E R O M A N T I C M O V E M E N T IN G E R M A N Y .
H a lf course.
6. G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E IN T H E SE CO N D H A L F O F T H E 19th
H a lf course.
CENTURY.
7. G O E T H E ’S LIFE A N D W O R K S . Miss Baer.
8. S C H IL L E R A N D H IS A G E . Miss Baer.
Full course.
H a lf course.
9. E IG H T E E N T H C E N T U R Y G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E A N D
TH OUGH T.
H a lf course.
10. G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E IN T H E 20th C E N T U R Y . Miss Baer.
H a lf course.
95
11. G E R M A N A U T H O R S IN E N G L IS H T R A N S L A T IO N S .
Full course.
12. W R I T I N G A N D SP E A K IN G G E R M A N . (A dvanced course.) H a lf co u rse
Intensive practice in writing and speaking German. The subject matter is taken
from German literature and Kulturgeschichte.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M
a jo rs a n d
M
in ors
Prerequisites fo r students reading fo r H on ors are given below . M ajor and
m in or students in course are requ ired to take G erm an 3 w ithin the first two
years. R ecom m en ded fo r m ajor and m in or students during the first tw o years:
A n advanced course in G erm an literature; Shakespeare; M od ern Philoso
phy; Psychology; Fine Arts; courses in other literatures.
By special arrangement, qualified students w h o begin G erm an in college
are en abled to choose G erm an as a m a jor o r m in or in course in their junior
and senior years.
H onors W
ork
G erm an may be offered as a m a jor o r m in or subject in the D ivision o f the
H um anities. F or admission to H on ors w ork in Germ an, G ourse 3 o r its
equivalent is required. By d oin g special reading, com peten t students w ho
beg in G erm an in college may take Course 3 in their sophom ore year. N o
oth er preparation is required, bu t allied w ork in other departments o f the
H um anities is arranged, according to the needs and interests o f the student.
T h e follow in g seminars are offered to prepare fo r exam inations fo r a
degree w ith H on ors (those actually given in any year varying according to
the choices o f the students an d the convenience o f the departm ent):
1. M ID D L E H IG H G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E A N D P H IL O L O G Y . Mr.
R eu n in g.
' ,
Introduction into Indo-European and Germanic philology and phonetics. Out
line of development of the German language. Middle High German grammar.
Brief survey of Old and Middle High German literature. Reading of MHG
texts in the original, especially Nibelungcnlied, Wolfram s Parzival, and Walther
von der Vogelweide.
2. T H E A G E O F L U T H E R . M r. R eu n ing.
Study o f literary, historical, sociological and religious problems of the sixteenth
century. Reading of outstanding authors o f the period, such as Luther, Hans
Sachs, Brant, Hutten, Fischart. A course or a seminar in History o f the Reforma
tion is recommended as preparation for this seminar.
3. B A R O Q U E L IT E R A T U R E . Miss Baer.
A study of German literature in the seventeenth century: the reforms of Opitz,
the poetry o f Weckherlin, Fleming, and the Volkslied, the mysticism o f Angelus
Silesius and Jakob Bohme, the influence of the English Players on the German
theatre, and the plays of Gryphius and the second Silesian School.
4. G O E T H E .
A study of the chief phases of Goethe’s life and work in the classical age of
German literature.
96
T r o t t e r H a ll ( a C la ssro o m B u ild in g ).
F a cu lty C o m m e n c e m e n t P r o ce ss io n
Romanticism as the domii
of the nineteenth century.
g
p / lc - T T r - b t t a t TR IM
nineteenth century.
7. G E R M A N L IT E R A T U R E SIN CE 1900. Miss Baer.
Gerhart Hauptmann, Thomas Mann, Rainer Maria Rilke, Hugo von Hofmannsthal.
8. L IN G U IS T IC SCIENCE. (In coopera tion w ith other departments in the
D ivision o f the H um anities). M r. R eu n ing.
The most important problems of Linguistics, e.g., sound change, changes in
accidence and syntax, semantic changes, geographical distribution and relation
of languages. Indo-European, English and American language problems. Rela
tionship between linguistics and psychology. Some knowledge of German,
French, Latin, or Greek is desirable, reading knowledge of at least one foreign
language required. Students who know non-Indo-European languages are espe
cially welcome. The seminar is conducted in English. (See also schedules of
Honors Seminars in English and Psychology.)
T
hesis
Students w ho wish to write a thesis may apply to the D epartm ent fo r per
mission to substitute such a project for the fou rth seminar o f H on ors work.
97
History
P rofessors: M ary A lbertson, Chairman.
Frederick J. M anning .
A ssistant P rofessors: *P aul H . B eik .
G eorge P. C uttino (part-tim e).
J ames A. F ield, Jr .
L aurence D. L afore .
Frederick B. T olles (part-tim e).
I nstructor: W illiam L. Spalding, J r . (part-time).
L ecturers: R obert F. B yrnes.
F elix G ilbert .
1. E U R O P E .
Full course.
One of the basic courses in the curriculum. It is intended to be an introduction
to the study, understanding, and use of history. All members of the department
share in teaching this course, in sections small enough for discussion. It is a
prerequisite to all other courses in history except courses 16 and 17.
2. E N G L A N D B E F O R E 1688. Miss A lbertson.
H a lf course.
A survey o f the history o f the English people. For sophomores, juniors, and
seniors.
3. T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S B E F O R E 1865. M r. Field and M r. T olies.
H a lf course.
An advanced course on American history. Special help with the writing of long
papers is given in connection with this course. For sophomores, juniors and
seniors.
4. T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S SIN CE 1865. M r. Field.
H a lf course.
An advanced course on American history. For sophomores, juniors and seniors.
5. T H E O T H E R A M E R IC A N R E PU B LIC S. M r. L afore.
H a lf course.
T h e emphasis is on Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina. For sophomores, juniors,
and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite by special permission of
the instructor.
6. F R A N C E . Miss A lbertson.
H a lf course.
The history o f France from Roman times to the present day. For sophomores,
juniors, and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite by special permis
sion o f the instructor.
7. G E R M A N Y . M r. Spalding.
H a lf course.
T h e history of modern Germany. For sophomores, juniors and seniors.
8. R U SSIA. M r. Byrnes.
H a lf course.
The history of modern Russia. For sophomores, juniors and seniors.
* On leave of absence 1948-1949.
9. A M E R IC A N S O C IA L H IS T O R Y . M r. Field.
For sophomores, juniors and seniors.
H a lf course.
10. E N G L A N D SIN CE 1688. M r. Lafore.
For juniors and seniors.
H a lf course.
11. T H E F R E N C H R E V O L U T IO N A N D N A P O L E O N . M r. Beik.
H a lf course.
The emphasis is on the relation between institutions and ideas. For juniors and
seniors.
f l 2 . M E D IE V A L E U R O P E . M r. Cuttino.
H a lf course.
T h e history o f western Europe from the decline of the Roman Empire through
the thirteenth century. For juniors and seniors.
•(•13. T H E RE N A ISSA N C E . Miss A lbertson.
H a lf course.
The history of the period of the Renaissance in Europe. For juniors and seniors.
•(■14. T H E L A B O R M O V E M E N T . M r. M anning.
H a lf course.
The social backgrounds and the economic, political, and legal problems of
T-nglkh and American labor. The emphasis is on the importance of English
precedent. For juniors and seniors.
15. R E C E N T E U R O P E . M r. Beik.
For juniors and seniors.
H a lf course.
16. Q U A K E R IS M . M r. T olies.
H a lf course.
The history of the Society of Friends to the present day. T h e characteristic
religious and social ideas of the Quakers are considered in their historical
setting. A large part of the reading is done in the original sources. For
sophomores, juniors, and seniors. It may be taken without a prerequisite.
17. R E C E N T H IS T O R IC A L P R O B LE M S. M r. Beik and M r. Lafore.
H a lf course.
A course designed for students who do not intend to take more than one
half course in history. It cannot be substituted for the college requirement
in history (course 1) and is not open to majors in the social sciences and
humanities.
18. SPECIA L T O P IC S . A ll mem bers o f the D epartm ent.
H a lf course.
Individual programs are planned to prepare majors in history for the compre
hensive examinations. The discussion of review problems, of papers, and of
reading is conducted in groups and in individual conferences with the in
structor.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
for a
M ajor
in
H istory
Students w ho expect to m ajor in history either in honors o r in regular
courses, should take course 1 in the freshman year and on e h alf course in
English history and on e h alf course in Am erican history in the sophom ore
t Not given every year.
99
year. Students interested in history either as a m a jor o r a m in or are advised
to take courses in French o r Germ an and, if they in ten d to d o graduate
w ork, they are advised to acquire a reading know ledge o f b oth French and
Germ an.
C ourse W ork
for a
M ajor
T h e choice o f courses in history in the ju n io r an d senior years should be
m ade in such a way as to prepare fo r the com prehensive exam ination, which
includes questions o n European, English, and Am erican history. Course 18
(Special T o p ics) is designed to help m a jor students in their preparation foi
this exam ination. A ll m a jor students should elect this course. T h e follow in g
m inors are suggested in con n ection w ith a m a jor in history: (1) a depart
mental m in or (three fu ll courses o r six h alf courses in a single department),
o r (2) a m in or in literature (fo r instance, a com bin ation o f courses in
English and French o r French an d Germ an, chosen in consultation with
the m ajor departm ent, o r (3) a m in or in Am erican studies (for instance, a
com bin a tion o f certain courses in Fine Arts and Am erican literature ox
Latin Am erican literature o r in Political Science and Econom ics, chosen in
consultation w ith the m a jor departm ent).
H onors W ork
T h e follow in g seminars are offered b y the departm ent to prepare fo r the
exam inations fo r a degree w ith honors. Students w ho plan to take honors
seminars in history, whether as m ajors o r minors, are advised to decide as
early as possible whether their seminars w ill be in Am erican, English, ox
European history so that they can take as m any courses as possible in theii
chosen fields b efore begin n in g honors work.
H onors Seminars
A m erican H istory
1. A M E R IC A N C O L O N IA L H IS T O R Y . M r. T olies.
T h e history of the thirteen colonies. The emphasis is on cultural, social, and
institutional history.
2. P R O B L E M S IN A M E R IC A N H IS T O R Y . M r. Field and M r. M anning.
Selected topics in the history of the United States. Open only to students who
have taken either course 3 or course 4.
3. T H E SU PR E M E C O U R T . M r. M anning.
For seniors. The emphasis is on common law cases and principles. The work
in this seminar is not designed to anddpate or overlap the courses in consti
tutional law offered in law schools.
100
English H istory
4. M E D IE V A L E N G L A N D . Miss Albertson.
The period from 1066 to 1485.
5. T U D O R A N D S T U A R T E N G L A N D . Miss Albertson.
The period from 1485 to 1688. Open only to students who have taken course 2.
6. M O D E R N E N G L A N D . M r. Lafore.
i
The period from 1688 to 1914, with most o f the emphasis on the nineteenth
century. Open only to students who have taken course 2.
E uropean H istory
7. M E D IE V A L E U R O P E . M r. Cuttino.
The civilization of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
8. F IF T E E N T H A N D S IX T E E N T H C E N T U R Y E U R O P E . Miss Albertson.
T h e p e r io d o f th e R en aissan ce a n d R e fo rm a tio n .
9. E U R O P E 1760 to 1870. M r. Beik.
The decay o f the old regime and the rise of liberalism.
10. E U R O P E 1870 T O 1939: M O D E R N E U R O P E . M r. Beik.
Social and political changes which preceded the second world war.
11. E U R O P E 1870 T O 1939: D IP L O M A T IC H IS T O R Y . M r. Lafore.
The management of international affairs and problems.
T
h e s is
A thesis may be substituted fo r on e o f the honors exam inations by special
permission o f the departm ent. T h e top ic should be selected and approved
by the en d o f the ju n ior year.
101
Mathematics and Astronomy
P rofessors: H einrich B rinkmann .
A rnold D resden, Chairman.
P eter van de K a m p , Director of Sproni Observatory.
R oss W . M arriott .
A ssociate P rofessor: J ohn H . P itm an .
A ssistant P rofessors: P hilip W . C arruth .
A lice T . Schafer (part-time).
W olfgang W asow .
R esearch A ssociates: L . B innendyk .
H ans R oth .
A ssistants: Sarah L. L ippincott .
Sara M . Sm ith .
M athematics
1,
2. F IR S T Y E A R M A T H E M A T IC S . M r. Brinkm ann, M r. Dresden, Mr.
M arriott, Mrs. Schafer, an d M r. W asow .
Full course.
These courses, given in consecutive semesters, and together constituting a full
course, are designed to deal with the material previously covered by the sepa
rate courses in College Algebra, Trigonometry and Analytical Geometry
(Courses 1, 3 and 4 of the 1933 catalogue), and to introduce some of the con
cepts of the Differential Calculus. Topics belonging to each of these subjects
are introduced in natural sequence so as to form a more closely knit whole.
Classes in Math. 1 normally meet four times a week; those in Math. 2, three
times a week.
Knebelman and Thomas, Principles of College Algebra; Curtiss and Moulton,
Plane and Spherical Trigonometry; Middlemiss, Analytic Geometry.
3.
I N V I T A T I O N T O M A T H E M A T IC S . M r. Dresden. (O m itted in 1948-49)
H a lf course.
This course is' intended for students who have a non-technical interest in
mathematics. It does not take the place of the usual college courses, but aims
to be an introduction to some of the important concepts of modern mathe
matics, to emphasize the fundamental ideas of the science rather than its
technical processes, to provide a background for the study of its philosophical
aspects, and to furnish a basis for an appreciation of its wider significance.
Dresden, Invitation to Mathematics.
The class normally meets three times a week; occasionally a fourth hour will
be used.
Prerequisite, a good high school course in mathematics.
102
11, 12. D IF F E R E N T IA L A N D I N T E G R A L C A L C U L U S. M r. Brinkm ann,
M r. Carruth, M r. M arriott, and M r. W asow .
Full course.
These courses carry forward the work begun in Courses 1, 2 and are intended
to eive the student a sufficient introduction to mathematics to serve as a basis
for more advanced work in analysis and its applications. Classes normally
meet three times a week; Sherwood and Taylor, The Calculus.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2.
14. T H E O R Y O F E Q U A T IO N S . M r. Dresden.
H a lf course.
Operations on complex numbers. Solutions of cubic and quartic equations.
General properties of polynomials. Separation and calculation of roots of
numerical equations. Weisner, Theory of Equations.
Together with Course 15 (below), this course supplies a year’s work for students
who pursue mathematics as a major or minor subject in course, usually to be
taken in the junior year. Classes normally meet three times a week.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2, 11. 12.
15. S O L ID A N A L Y T IC A L G E O M E T R Y . M r. Dresden.
H a lf course.
Metric theory of planes, lines and quadric surfaces in Euclidean three-dimen
sional space, emphasis on the use of determinants and matrices. Dresden, Solid
Analytical Geometry and Determinants.
Together with Course 14 (above), this course supplies a year’s work for students
who pursue mathematics as a major or minor subject in course, usually to be
taken in the junior year. Classes normally meet three times a week.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2, H , 12.
16. A D V A N C E D C A LC U LU S. M r. Carruth.
H a lf course.
Total and partial derivatives; theory of infinitesimals; definite integrals; ap
proximations. The aim of the course is three-fold: to ground the student in
the elementary work which has preceded it; to give an introduction to more
advanced topics; and to develop skill in the application of the principles of
the Calculus to Geometry and Mechanics.
Together with Course 17 (below) this course makes possible a year’s work for
students who pursue mathematics as a major or minor subject in course, to be
taken in the junior or senior year. Classes normally meet three times a week.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2, 11, 12.
17. D IF F E R E N T IA L E Q U A T IO N S . M r. Carruth.
H a lf course.
A study of ordinary and partial differential equations, with their applications
to geometrical, physical, and mechanical problems.
Together with Course 16 (above) this course makes possible a year’s work for
students who pursue mathematics as a major or minor subject in course, to be
taken in the junior or senior year. Classes normally meet three times a week.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2, 11, 12, 16.
19. P R O J E C T IV E G E O M E T R Y . M r. Brinkmann.
An introduction to plane projective geometry, principally by analytic methods.
T h e use of homogeneous coordinates.
Prerequisite, Courses 1, 2, 11, 12.
31. U N D E R G R A D U A T E R E A D IN G C O U R S E IN M A T H E M A T IC S .
H a lf course or fu ll course.
This course is to provide an opportunity for students to do special work in
fields not covered by the undergraduate courses, listed above. The work con
sists in the preparation of papers requiring extensive and detailed examination
of the literature of a problem.
103
A
stron om y
1, 2. D E S C R IP T IV E A S T R O N O M Y . M r. van de Kamp.
Full course.
These courses, respectively, provide an introduction to the methods and results
of Astronomy. The college entrance requirements are the only prerequisites.
Fundamental notions of physics and mathematics are studied, as they are
needed to provide an adequate scientific basis for the course. These courses
are prerequisite for all further work in astronomy.
Three class periods each week, practical work to be arranged.
3. P R A C T IC A L A S T R O N O M Y . M r. Pitman.
H a lf course.
Theory and use of the transit instruments; determination of time; the latitude
of Swarthmore; determination of longitude. Intended for students of Astronomy
and Engineering and those desiring to take the civil service examinations for
positions in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.
Classes normally meet three times each week.
Prerequisites, Mathematics 1, 2 and Astronomy 1, 2.
4. L A B O R A T O R Y A S T R O N O M Y . M r. Pitman.
H a lf course.
Theory and practice of micrometric measures of double stars, comets and
asteroids. Visual and photographic photometry. Photography of selected objects.
Since much of this work is dependent upon the weather, the class will adjust
its program to conditions. Normally two class sessions and one laboratory
period per week.
Prerequisites, Mathematics 1, 2 and Astronomy 1, 2.
8. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O A S T R O N O M Y . Mr. Pitman.
H a lf course.
This course is intended for those who desire to become acquainted with the
various problems in astronomy and the overlapping of astronomy and other
sciences. Those planning to take additional work in astronomy should enroll
in Astronomy 1, 2.
Three class periods each week. Practical work as arranged. Text: Baker, Intro
duction to Astronomy.
9. D O U B L E ST A R S . Mr. van de Kam p.
H a lf course.
The two body problem. Theory and observational technique of visual, spectro
scopic and eclipsing binaries. Special attention is given to the photographic
study o f both resolved and unresolved astrometric binaries. The masses of
binary components and of unseen companions.
Prerequisite, Astronomy 1, 2.
31. U N D E R G R A D U A T E R E A D IN G C O U R SE IN A S T R O N O M Y .
H a lf course o r fu ll course.
Undergraduate students may, under direction, prepare papers upon subjects
requiring a rather extensive examination of the literature of a problem.
Courses 32 and 51 to 55 are h alf courses, offered from time to time to meet
the needs o f graduate students and o f advanced undergraduates.
32. S P H E R IC A L A S T R O N O M Y . M r. van de Kamp.
51. O R B I T C O M P U T A T IO N . M r. Pitman.
54. S T A T IS T IC A L A S T R O N O M Y . M r. van de Kamp.
104
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M
ajo r s a n d
M
in o r s i n
C ourse
For students w ho in ten d to m ajor in mathematics in course, the norm al
sequence o f courses is the follow in g : freshman year, courses 1, 2; sophom ore
year, courses 11, 12; ju n io r year, two half-courses selected from courses 14, 15,
16 17, 19; senior year, tw o half-courses from the same list. T h ose w ho
intend' to pursue astronom y as a m a jor subject in course should have in
addition courses 1, 2 in that subject during the freshman o r sophom ore year;
advanced courses in astronom y selected from the list given above com bined
with w ork in mathematics constitute the further requirem ent.
F or students w ho select mathematics o r astronom y as their m inor, the
m inim um o f three courses should be selected from the follow in g: Mathematics
1, 2; 11, 12; 14, 15; 16, 17; 19; A stronom y 1, 2, 3. C om pletion o f course 12
is the m inim um requirem ent.
H onors W
o r k in
M
a t h e m a t ic s
Prerequisites fo r admission to H on ors seminars in mathematics either as a
m ajor or as a m in or are the com pletion o f courses 1, 2 and 11, 12, the com
p letion o f the course in G eneral Physics; a thorough reading know ledge o f
French o r Germ an. F or H on ors w ork in Astronom y, com pletion o f course 1,
2 in that subject is necessary in addition to the requirem ents indicated above.
T h e follow in g seminars prepare fo r exam inations leading to a degree with
H onors:
1. A D V A N C E D C A LC U LU S.
The differential calculus for functions of several variables and its geometric
applications, double and triple integrals, improper integrals, line and surface
integrals, the elements of vector analysis.
2. D IF F E R E N T IA L E Q U A T IO N S .
Ordinary differential equations of the first order, linear differential equations,
with particular attention to special cases of the equation o f second order; some
aspects of the theory of partial differential equations, of Fourier series, o f the
calculus of variations and of functions of a complex variable.
For senior Honors students two or more of the following seminars are offered
each year, according to the needs and interests of the students.
3. T H E O R Y O F F U N C T IO N S O F A C O M P L E X V A R IA B L E .
A fairly detailed study of the linear fractional transformation in the complex
plane. Derivatives and integrals of analytic functions. Contour integrals.
Infinite series and products.
4. F O U N D A T IO N S O F M A T H E M A T IC S .
Postulational treatment of mathematics. The problem of consistency. Relation
of logic and mathematics. Some of the systematic treatments of the foundation
of logic. Modern developments.
5. A D V A N C E D G E O M E T R Y .
An introduction to differential geometry, projective geometry, and more
dimensional geometry. Use of elementary matrix calculus; group theoretical
concepts.
105
6. T H E O R Y O F N U M B E R S .
Among the subjects treated in this seminar are: Elementary properties of
integers, the congruence relation, continued fractions, quadratic residues, simple
examples of fields o f algebraic numbers.
7. A N A L Y T IC M E C H A N IC S .
The main subject matter of this seminar is the study of the motion of particles
and rigid bodies when acted upon by forces. The equilibrium of such forces
will be studied briefly. Many examples will be worked to illustrate the funda
mental principles.
8. S T A T IS T IC S A N D P R O B A B IL IT Y .
T h e purpose of this seminar is to give the mathematical background necessary
(o f an understanding of the mathematical analysis o f statistical data. The
modern developments of statistical theory provide a very valuable application
of the concepts and techniques acquired in advanced calculus.
H onors Seminars
in
A stronomy
Seminars o n the follow in g topics w ill be arranged fo r those desiring to take
on e or m ore papers in Astronom y.
1. S P H E R IC A L A S T R O N O M Y : A mathematical discussion o f the reduction
o f visual and ph otographic observations o f position ; solution o f visual
an d spectroscopic binary orbits.
Prerequisites, Astronomy 1, 2; Mathematics 11, 12.
2. S T A T IS T IC A L A S T R O N O M Y : Fundam ental data. Stellar m otions and
parallaxes. D istribution o f objects in space. T h e galactic system.
Prerequisites, Mathematics 11, 12.
3. T H E O R Y O F O R B IT S A N D C O M P U T A T IO N O F O R B I T O F A N
A S T E R O ID O R C O M E T .
Prerequisites, Astronomy 1, 2; Mathematics 11, 12.
4. C E L E S T IA L M E C H A N IC S .
Prerequisites, Astronomy 1, 2; Mathematics 11, 12.
5. P H O T O G R A P H IC A S T R O M E T R Y .
Prerequisites, Astronomy 1, 2; Mathematics 11, 12.
6. D O U B L E ST A R S .
Prerequisites, Astronomy 1, 2; Mathematics 11, 12.
G raduate W ork
In conform ity w ith the general regulations for w ork leading to the master’s
degree (see p. 62), this departm ent offers the possibility fo r graduate work.
Candidates fo r the master’s degree w ill norm ally take fou r honors seminars,
tw o each semester, selected from those listed above, in consultation w ith the
faculty m em ber u nder whose direction the w ork is to b e don e. A thesis may
be substituted fo r o n e o f the seminars.
Candidates fo r the master’s degree must have a g o o d reading know ledge
o f French and German.
Libraries and Observatory
T h e astronom ical part o f the departm ental library is located on the first
floor o f the Observatory; the mathematical section on the fifth floor o f
Parrish H all. T h e library contains com plete sets o f nearly all the Am erican
mathematical an d astronom ical periodicals, and sets (some o f w hich are com
plete, some o f w hich are not) o f the leading English, G erm an and French
periodicals. T h is library receives the publications o f m any o f the leading
observatories in exchange for the publications o f the Sproul Observatory.
T h e principal instrument o f the Sproul Observatory is the twenty-fourin ch visual refractor o f thirty-six-foot focal length, used almost exclusively for
photography. T h e instrument has been in continuous operation since 1912
and provides a valuable and steadily expan din g collection o f photographs.
A num ber o f m easuring and calculating machines are available fo r the
measurement and reduction o f the photographs. T h e principal program o f
the Observatory is an accurate study o f the distances, m otions and masses o f
the nearer stellar systems. Results o f departm ental studies are published in the
Sproul Observatory publications and in various scientific journals.
A dvanced study in con ju n ction w ith the research program o f the O b
servatory may be arranged in consultation w ith the D irector o f the Sproul
Observatory.
T h e Students’ Astronom ical Observatory contains a six-inch visual refractor,
a nine-inch ph otographic telescope, and a transit instrument.
T h e Sproul Observatory is o p e n to visitors on the second and fourth
T uesday nights o f each m onth, except those T uesday nights that fall in a
vacation period. Visitors thus have an opportu n ity o f seeing, in the course
o f a year, m any celestial objects o f various types.
107
Music
Professor: A lfred J. Sw an , Chairman.
A ssistant P rofessor: I rm a W olpe .
1. F O U N D A T IO N S O F M U SIC . M r. Swan.
Full course.
First Semester: The study of the old scales (modes) leading to melodic writing
in two and three parts. Models from the works of Josquin des Pres and
Palestrina. Towards the end of the semester the student may have mastered
free counterpoint in two and three parts (motet for voices).
Second Semester: Brief fugal expositions for piano or strings, preludes,
fughettas and dance forms. During the second semester a demonstration of
student compositions will take place.
W hile this course pursues the principal purpose of enabling the student to
write his own music, class discussions of the various styles and composers go
hand in hand with the actual composition, based on readings from Medtner’s
“ Muse and Fashion,” Morris’s “ Contrapuntal technique o f the 16th century,”
Jeppesen’s “ Counterpoint,” etc.
2. A D V A N C E D M U S IC A L C O M P O S IT IO N . M r. Swan.
Full course.
A continuation of Music 1 for students who are able to attempt composition
on a larger scale (sonatina, sonata, string quartet, small orchestra).
3. P IA N O L IT E R A T U R E . Mrs. W o lp A
Full course.
The acquisition of the art of piano playing through the study o f Cramer,
Bach’s Inventions and French Suites, Mozart and Beethoven Sonatas. Students
of composition may be beginners, others must show at least four years of
previous study.
4. O U T L IN E O F M U SIC H IS T O R Y A N D AN ALYSIS. Mrs. Wolp<§.
O n e h our p er w eek.
(A non-credit course, to be given in the second semester)
Intended primarily for piano students, but also for others who want to gain
a perspective over the successive periods and styles o f music, especially of
piano music.
5. A seminar o n mediaeval music, or m odern music, o r Beethoven, may be
offered from time to time for course and h on or students.
H onors W ork
T o be adm itted to H on ors w ork a student must have com pleted both
semesters o f M usic 1. Students m in orin g in music w ill take on e seminar in
M usic H istory and on e in C om position ; those m ajorin g in music, tw o in
M usic H istory and tw o in C om position. T h e M usic H istory seminars cover
the p eriod from the Ars A n tiqu a to the 17th century. T h e C om position
seminars culm inate in the w riting o f a string quartet m ovem ent o r some other
cham ber ensemble in sonata form . T h e com pleted w ork is played b y a p r o
fessional organization at the time o f the H on ors exam ination.
T exts: Reese, M usic in the M id d le Ages.
Besseler, D ie M usik des M ittelalters und der Renaissance.
A p el, T h e H istory o f M usical N otation .
A nthologies: Gleason, A p el and D avison (H arvard A nthology).
108
Philosophy and Religion
Professor: W olfgang K ohler , Research Professor of Philosophy and
Psychology.
V isiting P rofessor: Paul Schrecker (part-time).
A ssociate P rofessors: R ichard B. B randt, Chairman.
J ohn M. M oore (part-time).
A ssistant P rofessors: M onroe C. B eardsley.
R oderick F irth .**
I nstructor: Sidney M orgenbesser.
1. IN T R O D U C T I O N T O P H IL O S O P H Y . A ll instructors.
H a lf course.
A survey of the principal problems o f philosophy and the alternative answers
to them. Stress is laid on the writing of philosophical essays. This course should
be taken to satisfy the college requirement for the freshman year, unless
special permission is granted by the department.
N o te : T h is course serves as a sufficient prerequisite fo r any other course
oifered b y the departm ent. O ther courses may be taken in any order that is
convenient. M em bers o f the departm ent w ill offer advice o n request con
cerning an order o f courses to suit individual needs. Students plann in g to d o
H on ors w ork should n ot take courses dealing w ith material to be covered in
honors seminars.
2. E T H IC S . A ll instructors.
H a lf course.
An introduction to ethical theory, largely systematic in character. Various
theories, including relativistic views, and the possibility of rational criticism
are considered.
3. L O G IC . M r. M orgenbesser.
H a lf course.
A study of the forms of reasoning, inductive and deductive. Some time is
devoted to symbolism and logical systems, and special attention is given to
analysis of arguments and the detection of fallacies, both in formal reasoning
and in scientific procedure. Recommended for science students, particularly
mathematics majors.
4. SE LE C TE D M O D E R N P H IL O S O P H E R S . M r. Firth an d M r. Beardsley.
H a lf course.
A systematic study of the work of two or three philosophers from Descartes to
the present day, selected according to the interests o f students and instructor.
Briefer attention will be given to the historical setting o f the authors discussed,
and to related philosophical figures.
5. P L A T O . M r. Firth. (N ot offered in 1948-49)
H a lf course.
A study of all sides of Plato’s philosophy—ethics, political theory, metaphysics,
and aesthetics—as presented in the principal dialogues. Briefer attention will
be given to the historical setting of the dialogues and to other Greek philoso
phers. Recommended for students in literature and the social sciences. Students
may not offer both courses 5 and 6 for credit.
••Absent on leave during the second semester.
109
6. A N A LY SIS O F G R E E K P H IL O S O P H IC A L C O N C E P T S. M r. M orgenbesser.
H a lf course.
A study primarily of Plato and Aristotle, but including also dramatists and
other Greek thinkers. Greek thought will be considered in its relation to the
economic and political context. Recommended for students in literature and
the social sciences. Students may not offer both courses 5 and 6 for credit.
7. S E V E N T E E N T H C E N T U R Y P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. Schrecker.
(N ot offered in 1948-1949)
H a lf course.
The evolution of philosophical problems andideas from Descartes to Leibniz,
with special reference to the scientific, religious, political and social back
ground. Particular attention is paid to matters relevant to present day dis
cussion.
8. A E S T H E T IC S . M r. Beardsley.
H a lf course.
A study of some fundamental problems that arise in the attempt to under
stand, describe, and evaluate works o f art in any medium. Recommended to
students majoring in literature, music, or the fine arts.
9. C O N T E M P O R A R Y P R O B L E M S . M r. Brandt.
H a lf course.
A study of some basic problems in the fields of epistemology and metaphysics.
Parts of the work of Russell, Moore, Broad, and Dewey will be emphasized.
10. T H E P H IL O S O P H Y O F SCIENCE. M r. M orgenbesser.
H a lf course.
A study o f the logical structure of mathematics and the empirical sciences,
including the theory of induction and probability; o f the philosophical sig
nificance o f some recent theories in the physical sciences; and of the meaning
of basic concepts used in the sciences. Recommended for students in the
sciences.
11. S O C IA L P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. Brandt and M r. Morgenbesser.
H a lf course.
An analysis of the structure o f society; theories o f social change, such as the
Hegelian and the Marxian, and other central problems such as race and social
progress; the theory of rights, justice, and democracy; the ideals of communist,
socialist, and fascist society.
12. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O T H E T H E O R Y O F C IV IL IZ A T IO N S . M r.
Schrecker. (N ot offered in 1948-1949)
H a lf course.
A study of the fields of human endeavor (religion, politics and law, science,
art, language, economy), their mutual relations and interdependence, the role
o f the individual in their evolution, the articulation o f civilization into epochs,
nations, classes, and the function o f freedom in the cultural processes.
13. P H IL O S O P H Y O F R E L IG IO N . M r. M oore.
(O ffered alternate years; n ot offered in 1948-1949)
H a lf course
T h e nature of religion; the psychology and interpretation of religious experi
ence; the problem o f religious knowledge; the validity and difficulties of
Christian theology and ethics.
20. H IS T O R Y O F R E L IG IO N S . M r. M oore.
(O ffered alternate years; n ot offered in 1948-1949)
H a lf course.
A historical and comparative study o f the great religions: Hinduism, Buddhism,
the religions o f China and Japan, Islam, Judaism and Christianity.
110
21. R E L IG IO U S A N D E T H IC A L ID EAS O F T H E B IB LE . M r. M oore.
(O ffered in 1948-49 and in alternate y e a rs )
H a lf course.
Im p o rta n t parts o£ th e O ld a n d N e w T e sta m en t a re ex a m in ed , in ord e r to
trace th e g ro w th o f H e b re w a n d C h ristian relig ion s, a n d th e d ev e lo p m e n t o f
th e ideas o f th e J u d a eo-C h ristia n tr a d itio n , b o th eth ica l a n d th eolog ica l.
22. E PO C H S O F C H R IS T IA N T H O U G H T . M r. M oore.
(O ffered in 1948-49 and in alternate years)
H a lf course.
A stu d y o f ch aracteristic eth ica l a n d re lig io u s con cep ts in th e p r in c ip a l p eriod s
a n d bran ch es o f C h ristian ity. A tte n tio n is g iven to th e relig iou s view s o f som e
o f th e great p h ilo so p h e rs.
(H istory 15: Q U A K E R IS M . M r. T olies.
H a lf course.
T h e h istory o f th e S ociety o f F riends to th e presen t day. T h e characteristic
re lig io u s a n d so cia l ideas o f th e Q uakers are con sid ered in th e ir h istorica l
setting. A large p a r t o f th e re a d in g is d o n e in th e orig in a l sources. F or
so p h o m o re s, ju n io rs a n d seniors. M ay b e taken w ith o u t prerequ isite. T h is
cou rse m ay b e c o u n te d as a cou rse in P h ilo so p h y a n d R e lig io n b y minors in
Religion only.)
30. H IS T O R Y O F SCIENCE. M r. Schrecker.
H a lf course.
T h e h isto rica l d e v e lo p m e n t o f scien tific m e th od s as a p p lie d to th ree m a in
p r o b le m s: th e c o n c e p tio n o f th e universe, th e stru ctu re o f m atter, a n d th e
e v o lu tio n o f life . Selected readin gs in th e classics o f scien ce. T h is cou rse can
b e taken o n ly fo r th e fu lfillm e n t o f th e scien ce re q u irem en t: it w ill n o t b e
c o u n te d as a cou rse fo r c o m p le tio n o f m a jo r o r m in o r req u irem en ts in P h ilo so
p h y o r R e lig io n .
R
e q u ir e m e n t s a n d
R
e c o m m e n d a t io n s
for
M
ajo r s a n d
M
in o r s
A pplications to m ajor in the departm ent w ill norm ally n ot b e approved
until the student has com pleted Course 1, an d on e other course from those
num bered 2 to 19 if his principal interest is philosophy. Students whose
principal interest is religion should consult the departm ent about their
programs. Students whose prin cipal interest is ph ilosophy should consult
the departm ent if they plan to offer courses in religion, in excess o f one,
as fulfillm ent o f their m a jor o r m in or course requirem ents in philosophy.
Students w ho wish to com plete a m in or in religion should take courses
num bered 13, 20, 21, 22 and tw o oth er related courses. As supporting ma
terial for a m ajor program in philosophy, the departm ent recom m ends a
year’s w ork in psychology and a semester’s w ork in physics.
H
onors
W
ork
F or admission to H on ors study, the requirem ent is at least tw o semester
courses, on e o f w hich must be the In trod u ction to Philosophy (course 1),
unless w ith the special perm ission o f the departm ent. Students should n or
m ally present as their second course o n e selected from courses num bered
2 to 19.
Seminars. T h e follow in g seminars prepare fo r exam inations fo r a degree
w ith H onors:
111
1. M O R A L P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. Firth.
A seminar in ethics, systematic and historical. The general issue o f relativism
and absolutism is analyzed; the principal ethical theories are studied; and con
siderable attention is also given to related psychological and metaphysical
problems. Recommended for students of psychology and the social sciences.
2. P L A T O . M r. Firth.
An examination o f all the major and some o f the minor dialogues o f Plato in
an effort to understand his contributions to ethics, politics, and metaphysics,
and to appreciate his importance for Western thought. Attention will be paid
both to his historical setting and to his significance for contemporary problems.
Recommended for students of literature and the social sciences.
3. H IS T O R Y O F M O D E R N P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. Beardsley and others.
The development of modem thought from Bacon and Descartes to Kant.
This seminar may appropriately be combined with work in any of the three
divisions.
4. CLASSIC P R O B L E M S IN P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. K öhler, M r. Brandt, Mr.
Firth.
A systematic study of some basic problems such as the phenomenological
method, the theory of perception, the ontological status of physical objects,
the nature o f consciousness and the mind, the relation of the mind to the
body, induction, universals and the theory of meaning.
5. A E S T H E T IC S . M r. Beardsley.
A systematic examination of the philosophy o f art and the methodological
foundations of criticism. Recommended for students o f literature, music and
the fine arts.
6. P H IL O S O P H Y O F SCIEN CE. M r. M orgenbesser and others.
A consideration of scientific method, the logical foundations o f science, in
cluding the theories of induction and meaning. Examination of the concepts
of space, causality, explanation, and others of importance for the student of
philosophy.
7. S O C IA L P H IL O S O P H Y . M r. Brandt.
An examination of theories of social and cultural change held by contemporary
writers, Hegel, Marx, and others. A study of the basic concepts required for an
understanding of social facts; of the evaluation of social movements; and of
some methodological problems peculiar to the social sciences. Recommended
for students of the social sciences and psychology.
10. TH E SIS.
A thesis may be submitted by majors in the department for one o f the Honors
subjects, upon application by the student and at the discretion of the depart
ment.
112
Physical Education for Men
D
ir e c t o r
A
A
of
s s o c ia t e
t h l e t ic s
P h y s ic a l E d u c a t io n
and
P rofessor: C
ellm uth
A
s s is t a n t
D
A
s s o c ia t e
P rofessor: R
A
s s is t a n t
P rofessors: L
e w is
H . E lverson.
E
d w in
J. Faulkn er.
A
s s is t a n t s :
A
K. D
arl
ir e c t o r a n d
A
lbert
A
very
Sa m
B
E
uel
e n j a m in
arron
lake
K
en
and
il l is
J . St e t s o n .
.
.
.
ennedy.
es
M
cA d o o
Jam
es
M
il l e r
ow ard
P rofessor: W
unn
M
ckerd,
Jam
H
H . D
obert
M . B
F. B
s s is t a n t
for
.J
.
.
D . Sip l e r .
P a u l St o f k o .
C
ollege
P h y s ic ia n
M
for
en
: D
Facu lty R
r
. M
o r r is
A. B
o w ie
.
e q u ir e m e n t s
Physical E ducation is required o f all non-veteran freshmen and sopho
mores unless excused by the C ollege physician. D u rin g this two-year period,
m en students must attend a m inim um o f three classes p er week.
A ll m en n ot excused fo r m edical or other reasons are expected to fulfill
this requirem ent u nder penalty o f bein g asked to leave the college.
Fall A
•Cross C ountry
Swimming
T en n is
T o u c h F ootball
W
B adm inton
•Basketball
B oxin g
c t iv it ie s
•Football
•Soccer
A
in t e r
H an dball
Lacrosse
•Swimming
•Baseball
• G olf
c t iv it ie s
T en n is
T rack
V olley Ball
Sp r in g A
•Lacrosse
Softball
Speed Ball
c t iv it ie s
*T en n is
*T rack
* Indicates intercollegiate competition,
f Absent on leave 1948-1949.
113
•W restling
Physical Education for Women
A
s s o c ia t e
A
s s is t a n t
P rofessor: V
P rofessors: Ir e n e M
M
A
s s is t a n t s :
V
ir g in ia
R
R
ir g in ia
ay
ath
oll
,
Chairman.
.
E. P a r r y .
ow land
.
J a n e t Sc a n t l e b u r y .
P a t r i c i a St o c k .
C
ollege
P h y s ic ia n
for
W
om en
: D
r
. M
o r r is
A. B
o w ie
.
T h e aim o f this D epartm ent is to contribute to the education o f all w om en
students through the m edium o f physical activity. W e believe this contribution
can best be achieved through participation in a broad program o f recreational,
rhythm ic and developm ental activities. T h erefore the program provides: in
struction and experience in sports and dancing; swim m ing ability for all;
corrective an d developm ental exercises. It is ou r h op e that the student w ill
also acquire: appreciation o f the dance as a fine art; the m eaning o f g ood
sportsmanship; added endurance; g o o d posture; leadership training; jo y in
o u td o o r exercise; and a program o f interests and skills that w ill carry over for
the individual and her com m unity after college.
Classes are kept small to insure individu al attention, an d students are
grou ped according to ability. A m ple opportu nities are given fo r intram ural
and intercollegiate com petition , as w ell as for p u b lic perform ances and
dem onstrations.
Freshmen and sophom ores take three periods o f activity each week. These
may b e elected from classes listed below w ith the stipulation that they: take
swim m ing u ntil a test is passed; take a rhythm ic activity; take a team sport;
take B ody M echanics if the posture grade indicates a need fo r it.
R egu lation costumes should b e ordered b efore college opens. Blanks for
this purpose w ill be sent ou t from the Office o f the D ean to all in com in g
students.
Sp o r t s
1. H O C K E Y . Miss Parry, Miss M oll.
Fall term.
Class a n d V arsity.
2. A R C H E R Y . Miss R ath.
Fall and Spring.
Class a n d V arsity.
3. T E N N IS . Miss Parry, Miss R ath, M r. Faulkner.
Class a n d V arsity, W in te r a n d S p ring.
114
Fall, W in ter and Spring.
Spring.
4. G O L F . Miss M oll.
Class and Varsity.
5. S W IM M IN G . Miss Rath.
Fall, W in ter and Spring.
Beginner, intermediate and advanced classes in strokes and diving.
Class and Varsity.
6. H O R S E B A C K R ID IN G . Miss Stock.
Class and Club.
Fall, W in ter and Spring.
7. B A S K E T B A L L . Miss Parry, Miss M oll.
Class and Varsity.
W inter.
9. B A D M IN T O N . Miss Rath, Miss Parry, M r. Faulkner.
Class and Varsity.
W in ter and Spring.
10. S O F T B A L L . Miss M oll.
Class and Varsity.
Spring.
11. L A CROSSE. Mrs. R ow land.
Class and Varsity.
Spring.
R
h y t h m ic
A
c t iv it ie s
12. D A N C IN G . Miss Scantlebury.
Class and Club.
Fall, W in ter and Spring.
13. F O L K A N D S Q U A R E D A N C IN G . Miss M oll.
Fall, W in ter and Spring.
D
evelopm ental
H
and
ealth
A
c t iv it ie s
14. T U M B L IN G . Miss Rath.
W inter.
15. B O D Y M E C H A N IC S . Miss Rath, Miss M oll.
W inter.
Required of all first-year students whose posture indicates a need for it.
16. C O N D IT IO N IN G EXERCISES. Miss Rath.
Se r v ic e A
W inter.
c t iv it ie s
17. R E C R E A T IO N A L L E A D E R S H IP . Miss M oll.
Theory and practice teaching in recreational activities o f all kinds.
W in ter.
18. R E D CROSS LIFE SA V IN G . Miss R ath an d R e d Cross Field Representative.
W in ter and Spring.
Senior and instructors’ courses.
115
Physics
P rofessor: W
in t h r o p
R. W
A s so c ia te P r o fe sso r s : W
M
r ig h t .
C . E l m o r e , C h a irm a n .
W . G arrett.
il l ia m
il a n
A s sis t a n t P r o f e s s o r : D e n n is o n B a n c r o f t .
1. G E N E R A L PHYSICS. Staff.
Full course.
An introductory course in classical physics open to all students. No prerequisite
other than those for college entrance is assumed. This course or its equivalent
must precede any advanced courses or seminars in physics. It is required of
most science majors. Three lectures, a conference and a laboratory period
weekly.
2. A D V A N C E D G E N E R A L PHYSICS. M r. Elm ore.
Full course.
T h e material for this course is drawn from the fields o f mechanics, hydro
dynamics, acoustics, kinetic theory and thermodynamics. Since free use is made
o f the calculus, a course in this subject must precede or be taken concurrently.
This course is recommended for physics majors and should meet the needs of
other students desiring a second course in physics. Three conference hours and
one laboratory period weekly.
H onors W
ork
1. P H Y S IC A L O P T IC S . M r. B ancroft and M r. W right.
Second sem ester.
Based on Robertson’s Introduction to Physical Optics. T h e laboratory work
includes measurements on thick and thin lenses, intercomparison of wave
lengths by prism, grating and interference spectrographs, computation of series
constants, quantitative observation of various interference and diffraction pat
terns and measurement of reflection coefficients.
2. E L E C T R IC IT Y A N D M A G N E T IS M . M r. Garrett.
First sem ester.
Based principally on Page and Adams’ Principles of Electricity. It covers
electro-statics, magnetism, electro-magnetic phenomena, electronics and some
applications. It is accompanied by laboratory measurements involving direct,
alternating and electronic currents, static charges and permanent magnets.
Prerequisite: Mathematics seminars in advanced calculus and differential equa
tions.
3. M O D E R N PHYSICS. M r. Elm ore.
Second sem ester.
A seminar devoted to both the experimental and the theoretical aspects of
m odem atomic physics. T h e topics include gaseous conduction, atomic struc
ture, isotopes, X-rays, photoelectricity, radioactivity, nuclear physics and re
lated matters. The seminar discussion is accompanied by a full-day laboratory
period. This seminar should be preceded by that in electricity.
4. T H E O R E T I C A L PHYSICS. M r. Elm ore.
First sem ester.
A study of selected topics, mostly drawn from classical physics but including
an introduction to quantum theory. Little duplication occurs o f theoretical
material covered in Seminars 1-3. This seminar is based on Page’s Introduction
to Theoretical Physics. Not accompanied by laboratory.
116
Students m ajorin g in physics are expected to com plete Physics 1 and 2,
Chemistry 1, and M athematics 1, 2, 11 and 12 in their first tw o years. It is
recom m ended that Germ an be used to fulfill the language requirem ent.
T h e w ork o f the u pper tw o years involves ordin arily an honors program .
Mathematics is an essential m in or and m ost physics students elect three
seminars in this subject. T h e usual practice is to include either chemistry o r
electrical engineering as the second m inor. T h is general pattern fo r the
u p p er years is subject to considerable m odification where special needs make
it desirable.
117
Political Science
P rofessor: J. R
A
oland
P e n n o c k , C h a irm a n .
s s o c ia t e
P r o f e s s o r s : L e s l ie L ip s o n .
Bryce W ood.
A
s s is t a n t
P rofessor: P a u l
L
ectu rer:
Ph
il ip
E.
N.
Y
l v is a k e r .
Jacob.
1. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O P O L IT IC A L SCIENCE. A ll mem bers o f the de
p a rtm e n t.
Full course.
T h e fo u n d a tio n s o f p o litics—s o cio lo g ica l, p sy ch olog ica l, a n d e c o n o m ic : n atu re
a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f p o litic a l in stitu tion s; types o f g ov ern m en t. A stu d y o f
e xa m p les o f th e m a jo r form s o f g ov ern m en t, fo llo w e d b y a m o r e d eta iled
stu d y o f th e n a tio n a l g ov ern m en t o f th e U n ite d States.
2. A M E R IC A N S T A T E A N D L O C A L G O V E R N M E N T . M r. Lipson.
H a lf course, secon d sem ester.
T h e n atu re o f fed eralism , as e x e m p lifie d b y th e U n ite d States a n d con trasted
systems. In terg ov ern m en ta l relation s w ith in a fed era l system . A nalysis o f state
a n d lo ca l govern m en ts; th eir con stitu tion s a n d charters; th e e lectora l process
a n d p o litic a l parties; th e legislative, execu tiv e, a n d ju d ic ia l b ra n ch es; finan ce
a n d fu n ctio n s o f g o v e rn m e n ta l ad m in istration .
3. M O D E R N P A R T Y P O L IT IC S . M r. Lipson.
H a lf course.
T h e rise o f p o litic a l parties; th e ir ro le in th e m o d e r n state; a n d reasons fo r
th eir existence. T h e c o n n e ctio n b etw een parties a n d g r o u p interests. T y p e s o f
parties. P rogram s, organ izations, a n d leadersh ip.
O p e n to ju n io rs a n d seniors o n ly .
4. A M E R IC A N C O N S T IT U T IO N A L L A W . M r. Ylvisaker.
H a lf course.
T h e C o n stitu tio n as d e v e lo p e d b y th e C o u rt; a n d th e C o u rt as seen th ro u g h
th e cases. Stressing (a) th e e x te n t o f n a tio n a l p ow er, (b ) co n stitu tion a l lim ita
tion s u p o n state leg isla tion , (c) th e n atu re o f th e ju d ic ia l p rocess in the
A m e rica n system o f g o v ern m en t.
5. P U B L IC A D M IN IS T R A T IO N . M r. Ylvisaker.
H a lf course.
A n analysis o f th e p r in cip le s o f ad m in istra tion in m o d e rn govern m en ts w ith
illu stra tive m a teria l d ra w n ch iefly fr o m th e n a tio n a l g ov ern m en t o f th e U n ited
States a n d w ith p a rticu la r references to th e im p lica tion s o f recen t d e v e lo p
m ents. P roblem s o f adm in istrative org a n iza tion , c o n d u c t o f reg u la tory and
m a n a geria l activities, fin a n cia l ad m in istra tion , p erson n el, p u b lic relations,
adm in istrative le g isla tio n a n d a d ju d ica tio n .
O p e n to ju n io rs a n d seniors o n ly , e x ce p t b y sp ecia l arran gem en t.
6. H IS T O R Y O F P O L IT IC A L T H E O R Y . M r. Pennock.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
T h e d e v e lo p m e n t o f th o u g h t o n th e n atu re o f th e state a n d o f in d iv id u a l
righ ts a n d du ties, based la rg ely o n readin gs o f th e c h ie f p o litic a l p h ilosop h ers.
T o p ic s stu d ie d in clu d e : G reek p o litic a l th o u g h t; m ed iev a l u niversalism and
th e d iv in e rig h t o f kin gs; th e R e fo r m a tio n a n d th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f con tra ctu a l
th e o ry ; sovereign ty a n d th e rise o f th e n a tion a l state; th e g row th o f liberalism
a n d th e roots o f tota lita rian id eo lo g ie s.
O p e n to ju n io rs a n d seniors o n ly , e x ce p t b y sp ecial arran gem en t.
118
7. DEMOCRACY AND DICTATORSHIP. Mr. Pennock.
Half course, second semester.
Analysis of the crisis of political liberalism. Reconsideration of the bases of
representative government in the light of changed economic and social condi
tions in the modem State; examination of such alternative principles as those
offered by Communism and Fascism; investigation of the problem o f planning
in a democracy; and an appraisal of present tendencies in political develop
ment.
8. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANIZATION. Mr. Wood.
Half course, first semester.
An introduction to the principles and problems of international relations and
foreign policy, including: historical concepts of international society; develop
ment and basis of the national state system; nationalism and imperialism;
growth and nature of international law; the League of Nations; the impact
of war on modem society; the United Nations Organization.
9. LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS. Mr. Wood.
Half course, second semester, alternate years.
Political, historical, cultural, commercial relationships between the United
States and Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean area, and South America.
Discussions of Pan-Americanism, the Monroe Doctrine, boundary disputes, trade
agreements, the Good Neighbor Policy.
10. AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY. Mr. Wood. (Not offered in 1948-49)
Half course, second semester, alternate years.
A historical and analytical study of the political, constitutional, geographic, and
economic factors controlling American foreign policy, with particular reference
to the development of policies toward Europe and the Far East since 1890.
11. COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT. Mr. Lipson.
Half course.
A comparative treatment o f some contemporary political systems, with an
evaluation of their principal similarities and differences. Special attention will
be paid to the governments of Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, and
Switzerland.
Political Science 1 is open to all students and is prerequisite to all other
courses offered by the department. Other courses are open to all students
who have had Political Science 1 unless otherwise indicated.
R equirements
and
R ecommendations
for
M ajors
Students who intend to major in political science should take Course 1
in the freshman year and Course 2 in the sophomore year. Majors are also
required to take Economics 1. Courses in Statistics (Economics 3) and in
American History are recommended. Political Theory, either in seminar or
in course (Course 6), is required o f all majors.
119
H
onors
W
ork
Prerequisite: Political Science 1. The following seminars prepare for ex
amination for a degree with Honors:
1. POLITICAL THEORY. Mr. Pennock.
T h e nature of the state, the basis of political obligation, sovereignty and the
nature of law, problems of freedom and authority, theoretical analysis of forms
of government, theories of revolution—all in the light of the theories set forth
by writers on these subjects from Plato to the present.
2. POLITICS AND LEGISLATION. Mr. Lipson.
A study of the political process: purposes o f the state; the relation of the
general welfare to special interests; public opinion; voters and electoral sys
tems; parties and politicians; the functions and organization of the legislature.
3. PROBLEMS IN
Ylvisaker.
GOVERNMENT
AND
ADMINISTRATION.
Mr.
A detailed study of major problems of government, particularly on the admin
istrative side, and especially as they manifest themselves in the national govern
ment of the United States. Topics studied include: public budgeting and
financial control, administrative legislation and adjudication, governmental
reorganization, administrative areas, governmental corporations, and problems
of public service personnel administration.
4. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANIZATION. Mr. Wood.
First semester.
Basic factors of interstate relations—geography, resources, races, trade—con
sidered in relation to nationalism, imperialism, and war. The development of
international organization, technical and political, from the Confederation of
Europe to the United Nations Organization.
5. AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY. Mr. Wood.
Second semester.
A study o f the economic, political, and strategic factors in American foreign
policy since 1890.
6. PUBLIC LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE. Mr. Pennock.
Second semester.
Sources and nature of law; historical, sociological, philosophic, and “ realistic"
approaches to law; key problems o f jurisprudence illustrated by study of the
fields of federalism and civil liberties in American constitutional law.
7. THESIS. All members of the department.
Approval of the instructor immediately concerned must be secured early in the
student’s junior year.
120
Psychology and Education
Professors: W olfgang K ohler , Research Professor of Philosophy and
Psychology.
Solom on E. A sch.
A ssociate P rofessors: R ichard S. C rutchfield, Chairman.
H ans W allach .
A ssistant P rofessors: V era French .
W illiam C. H . P rentice.
B enbow F. R itchie .
I nstructor: C arol F. C reedon.
L ecturer: M arian H ubbell M ow att .
Psychology
1. INTRODUCTION T O PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Crutchfield.
Half course, each semester.
A study of the structure and organization of the experience and behavior of the
individual.
Required for all further work in Psychology.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS. Mr. Crutchfield, Mr. Ritchie.
Half course, each semester.
A study of the scientific methods of psychology: historical and systematic
development of methods, experimental design, statistical techniques, methods
of clinical and field investigation, psychometric methods.
Prerequisite: Course 1. Required for all further work in Psychology.
3. COGNITIVE PROCESSES. Mr. Asch, Mr. Wallach.
Half course, each semester.
A study of the problems and functions in human learning and perception;
topics in perception are chosen for their relevance to other fields o f psychologyin the discussion of learning, problems in understanding and thinking are
emphasized.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
4. M OTIVATION. Mrs. Creedon, Miss French.
Half course, first semester.
A study of the directive and regulative aspects of behavior.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
5. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Asch.
Half course, second semester.
Pyschological analysis of the behavior of the individual as a member of social
groups.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
121
6. C H IL D P S Y C H O L O G Y . Miss French.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
Intellectual, social and emotional development from birth through adolescence.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
7. E D U C A T IO N A L P S Y C H O L O G Y . (N ot offered in 1948-49)
H a lf course, second sem ester.
T h e relation of psychological principles o f learning and motivation to the
educational process.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
8. P S Y C H O L O G IC A L T E S T S A N D M E A S U R E M E N T S . Mrs. C reedon.
H a lf course, first sem ester.
Construction, administration and interpretation of tests; the psychology of
individual differences.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
9. E X P E R IM E N T A L P S Y C H O L O G Y . M r. W allach, M r. Prentice.
H a lf course, each sem ester.
A laboratory course involving experimentation on problems of human behavior.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2 and 3.
10. A N IM A L E X P E R IM E N T A T IO N . M r. R itchie.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
Laboratory experimentation with animals, comprising original investigations
carried out by the students.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
11. P S Y C H O P A T H O L O G Y . Miss French.
H a lf course, first semester.
A study of the main forms of mental disorders: psychoneuroses, psychosomatic
disorders and psychoses, with special consideration of etiological factors; prin
ciples and methods of therapy; the relation of pathological forms to normal
personality structure.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2 and 4.
12. D IA G N O SIS O F P E R S O N A L IT Y . Miss French.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
Theory and practice of methods employed in understanding personality: case
histories, personal documents, projective techniques, measurements of interests,
sentiments and values.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 4, 8 and 11.
13. S Y S T E M A T IC P S Y C H O L O G Y . M r. K ohler.
H a lf course, second sem ester.
A study of recurrent problems of psychology, in historical perspective and in
light of various systematic views. Restricted to senior majors in psychology and
qualified students of philosophy.
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2.
14. A D V A N C E D E X P E R IM E N T A L P S Y C H O L O G Y . T h e staff.
H a lf course, each sem ester.
Special investigation of selected problems under the direction o f a member of
the department. Open only to senior majors in psychology.
Prerequisites: Courses 1, 2, 3 and 9.
122
15. P S Y C H O L O G IC A L T U T O R I A L . T h e staff.
Half course, each semester.
Supervised reading in fields that have not been adequately covered in courses.
Recommended for seniors majoring in psychology.
E d u c a t io n
«•
21. IN T R O D U C T I O N T O E D U C A T IO N . (N ot offered in 1948-49)
Half course, first semester.
A survey of the aims, organization and procedures of education; the oppor
tunities and requirements in education as a profession.
22. P R IN C IP L E S O F S E C O N D A R Y E D U C A T IO N . Mrs. M owatt.
Half course, first semester.
A study o f the principles of secondary education.
23. T E C H N IQ U E S O F S E C O N D A R Y E D U C A T IO N . Mrs. M owatt.
Half course, second semester.
A study of the techniques and methods used in secondary education.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M a jo rs
in
C ou rse
M ajor students in course norm ally take Courses 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and three
further h alf courses in psychology. Courses in education, 21, 22 an d 23, w ill
not be credited tow ard a m ajor in psychology.
Education alone may n ot be elected as a m ajor subject, and n ot m ore
than tw o fu ll courses in education w ill be accepted fo r credit tow ard the
bach elor’s degree. T h e Pennsylvania requirem ents fo r the certification o f
secondary school teachers include 21 hours o f psychology and education. W ith
the exception o f 6 hours o f practice teaching, w hich must be taken elsewhere,
Swarthmore students may fulfill these requirem ents by taking Courses 1, 2 7
21, 22 and 23.
H onors W
ork
Prerequisites: Courses 1 and 2 are prerequisite fo r all H on ors work. A ll
m ajor students in H on ors are advised to take in troductory w ork in zoology
o r physics, and a second h alf course in philosophy. A reading know ledge o f
Germ an is desirable.
Seminar program: A norm al program o f seminars fo r m ajors is Perception,
Learning and T h in kin g, M otivation, and on e other in psychology. O f the
tw o seminars taken by minors, on e should be M otivation. T h e follow in g
seminars prepare fo r exam inations fo r a degree w ith H on ors:
1.
P E R C E P T IO N . M r. K öhler, M r. Prentice, M r. W allach.
Deals systematically and experimentally with problems in the field of percep
tion. Open to all qualified Honors students, but especially recommended for
students of the natural sciences and philosophy.
123
2. LEARNING AND THINKING. Mr. Asch, Mr. Köhler, Mr. Ritchie, Mr.
Wallach.
Deals with principles of adaptive behavior; the functions of memory and
thinking; the nature o f understanding and problem-solving; the nature of
intelligence. Open to all qualified Honors students.
3. M OTIVATION. Mr. Crutchfield, Miss French, Mr. Köhler, Mr. Prentice,
Mr. Wallach.
A systematic and experimental approach to the dynamics o f behavior, based on
material drawn from the laboratory and the clinic. Open to all qualified Honors
students, and o f particular interest to students of ethics and the social sciences.
4. INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIETY. Mr. Asch, Mr. Crutchfield.
T h e relationship between man and his society, approached from the points of
view of social psychology, sociology and cultural anthropology. Open to all
qualified Honors students, but especially designed for students of the social
sciences.
5. PERSONALITY. Miss French.
A systematic approach to the understanding of the personality of the individual,
techniques of study of personality, such as life history, interview, projective
techniques, situational tests, measurement of sentiments; clinical and experi
mental facts concerning personality. Open to all qualified Honors students.
6. LANGUAGE. (Not offered in 1948-49)
The psychological bases of communication, with special reference to the origin
and development of language, the nature of linguistic symbolism, the disorders
of linguistic behavior. Open to all qualified Honors students, but especially
designed for students of literature and recommended in conjunction with the
seminar in Linguistics.
7. SYSTEMATIC PSYCHOLOGY. Mr. Köhler.
Observations and problems in different fields of modem psychology treated as
parts of a developing system, with a consideration o f the basic principles
inherent in this development. Open to all qualified Honors students.
8. THESIS.
May be presented as a substitute for one seminar, provided the student is doing
major work in psychology with four seminars, and provided some member of
the department is willing to undertake the direction of the thesis.
M a s t e r ’ s D egr ee
Graduate study toward the Master’s degree requires four seminars, or their
equivalents. One of the seminars must be a Research Seminar leading to a
Thesis.
The requirements for the Master’s degree can normally be completed in
one year.
124
Romance Languages
Professors: H arold M arch .
Edith P hilips , Chairman.
A ssociate Professors: J ames D . Sorber.
L eon W encelius.
A ssistant Professor: N ewell B ush.
I ntructors: E lisa A sensio (part-time).
J osé M iguel G onzález .
M onique B ilbault H ovey .
French
A ll students offering French fo r entrance are placed according to the
C ollege Entrance E xam ination B oard tests o r take a placem ent test. T h e
results o f this test, taken in to consideration w ith the num ber o f years o f
preparation, determ ine the student’s assignment to Course 2 o r Course 3.
Full course.
I. E L E M E N T A R Y F R E N C H .
For students who begin French in college. Equivalent o f two years’ secondary
school preparation.
2A. R E A D IN G , G R A M M A R A N D C O M P O S IT IO N . M em bers o f the de
partment.
Half course.
Prerequisite, French 1 or two years’ secondary school preparation and an
achievement test,
2B. R E A D IN G , G R A M M A R A N D C O M P O S IT IO N . C ontinued. M embers
o f the departm ent.
Half course.
Prerequisite, French 2A or three years’ secondary school preparation and an
achievement test.
3A. IN T R O D U C T I O N
departm ent.
TO
FRENCH
L IT E R A T U R E . M em bers o f the
Half course.
Representative texts of modern French writers. Conducted in French with fre
quent written work in French.
Prerequisite, French 2B or four years’ secondary school preparation and an
achievement test.
SB. IN T R O D U C T I O N T O F R E N C H L I T E R A T U R E . M em bers o f the
departm ent.
Half course.
Representative texts of Renaissance and classic writers.
10. LE R O M A N A V A N T 1800.
Half course.
II. LE R O M A N D U D IX -N E U V IÈ M E SIÈCLE. M r. March.
Half course.
125
12. P R O S A T E U R S E T M O R A L IS T E S D E L A R E N A IS SA N C E E T D E
L A R É F O R M E . M r. W encelius.
Half course.
Half course.
13. L A PR O SE CLA SSIQ U E. M r. W encelius.
14. LES O R IG IN E S
Bush.
P H IL O S O P H IQ U E S D E
LA
R É V O L U T IO N . M r.
Half course.
16. L A POÉSIE L Y R IQ U E D E V IL L O N À L A F O N T A IN E .
Half course.
17. L A POÉSIE L Y R IQ U E M O D E R N E .
Half course.
18. O R IG IN E S E T D É V E L O P P E M E N T
M r. W encelius.
DU
THÉÂTRE
CLASSIQU E.
Half course.
19. LE T H É Â T R E M O D E R N E . Mrs. H ovey.
Half course.
21. A D V A N C E D C O M P O S IT IO N A N D D IC T IO N .
Required of French majors.
Half course.
R
e q u ir e m e n t s f o r
M
a jo r s a n d
M
in ors
French may be offered as m a jor o r m in or in course o r in H on ors work.
Prerequisites and recom m ended supporting subjects are the same fo r both
course and H on ors students and are as follow s:
R eq u ired in the first tw o years:
First course, French 3A.
Second course, French 3B o r its equivalent.
Su pporting subjects recom m ended:
French H istory, Philosophy, Psychology, English o r another foreign or
classic literature, Fine Arts.
M ajors are expected to speak French w ith sufficient fluency to take part
in discussion in courses and seminars in the language and to pass an oral
com prehensive o r oral H on ors exam ination in French.
H onors W
ork
T h e follow in g French seminars prepare fo r exam inations fo r a degree with
H onors:
1. L A R E N A IS SA N C E EN F R A N C E . M r. W encelius.
Rabelais, Calvin, Montaigne, Ronsard.
2. LE T H É Â T R E CLASSIQU E. M r. W encelius.
Corneille, Racine, Molière.
4. L A PENSÉE F R A N Ç A ISE A U D IX -H U IT IÈ M E SIÈCLE. Miss Philips.
Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau.
5. B A L Z A C , S T E N D H A L , F L A U B E R T . M r. M arch.
6. P R O U S T , G ID E , V A L É R Y . M r. M arch.
126
7. POESIE M O D E R N E . Miss Philips.
8. M O U V E M E N T DES IDÉES. M r. March.
9. E C R IV A IN S P O L IT IQ U E D U D IX -N E U V IÊ M E SIÈCLE. M r. W encelius.
T h e seminars in French are plan n ed w ith reference to the choices o f the
students and the convenience o f the departm ent, and the semester in w hich
they are given varies from year to year. M ajors are urged to elect fou r
seminars w hich cover the fou r m o d e m centuries.
Italian
1. E L E M E N T A R Y IT A L IA N . M r. Bush.
Full course.
A course aimed to give the student ability to read ordinary Italian with ease,
and to write and speak simple Italian.
2. SE CO N D Y E A R IT A L IA N .
Full
Grammar review and composition. Readings from Dante’s Inferno.
3. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O M O D E R N I T A L IA N
offered in 1948-49)
Representative texts of modern Italian writers.
course.
L IT E R A T U R E .
(N ot
Full course.
T h ere are n o H on ors seminars given in Italian.
T h e departm ent does n ot offer a m ajor o r a m in or in Italian.
Spanish
A ll students offering Spanish fo r entrance are placed according to the
College Entrance Exam ination Board tests o r take a placem ent test. T h e
results o f this test, taken in to consideration w ith the num ber o f years o f
preparation, determ ine the student’s assignment to Course 2 o r Course 3.
1. E L E M E N T A R Y SPAN ISH . M r. Sorber, M r. González.
Full course.
For students who begin Spanish in college. Equivalent of two years’ secondary
school preparation.
2. R E A D IN G , G R A M M A R A N D C O M P O S IT IO N . M r. Sorber, M r. G on
zález.
Full course.
Prerequisite, Spanish 1 or two years’ secondary school preparation and a place
ment test.
3. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O SPAN ISH L I T E R A T U R E . M r. González.
Full course.
Prerequisite, Spanish 2, or four years’ preparation in secondary school and a
placement test.
Representative texts of modem Spanish writers. Conducted in Spanish with
frequent written work in Spanish.
10.
L A N O V E L A E S P A Ñ O L A D E L S IG L O X I X . M r. Sorber.
127
Half course.
11. LO S E N SAY ISTAS H IS P A N O A M E R IC A N O S . M r. González.
Half course.
12. E L SIG L O D E O R O .
13. L A N O V E L A H IS P A N O A M E R IC A N A . M r. Sorber.
14. LAS O B R A S D E C E R V A N T E S . M r. Sorber.
15. E L T E A T R O M O D E R N O . Mrs. Asensio.
R equirements
for
M ajors
and
M inors
Spanish' may b e offered as m ajor o r m in or in course o r in H on ors work.
Prerequisites and recom m ended supporting subjects are the same for both
course and H on ors students an d are as follow s:
R eq u ired in the first tw o years:
First course, Spanish 3A.
Second course, Spanish 3B o r its equivalent.
Su pporting subjects recom m ended:
Philosophy, Psychology, English o r another foreign o r classic literature,
Fine Arts. South Am erican History.
M ajors are expected to speak Spanish w ith sufficient fluency to take part
in discussion in courses an d seminars in the language and to pass an oral
com prehensive o r oral H on ors exam ination in Spanish.
H onors W ork
T h e follow in g Spanish seminars prepare for exam inations for a degree with
H onors:
1. L A N O V E L A H IS P A N O A M E R IC A N A . M r. Sorber.
2. LO S E N SAY ISTAS H IS P A N O A M E R IC A N O S . M r. Gonzálesz.
3. E L SIG L O D E O R O .
4. L A N O V E L A E S P A Ñ O L A D E L S IG L O X I X . M r. Sorber.
5. LAS O B R A S D E C E R V A N T E S . M r. Sorber.
6. E L T E A T R O M O D E R N O . Mrs. Asensio.
128
Zoology
P rofessors: R obert K. E nders, C h a i r m a n .
L aurence I rving .*
A ssociate P rofessors: W alter J. Scott .*
N eal A. W eber.
A ssistant Professors: L auncelot J. F lemister .
J ae L. L ittrell .
N orman A. M einkoth .
I nstructor: Sarah C. F lemister (part-time).
1. E L E M E N T A R Y Z O O L O G Y . M r. Enders an d Mrs. Flemister. H a lf course.
This introductory course is designed to present to the student the fundamental
aspects of systematic zoology. The structure and classification of animals, as well
as their economic and cultural aspects, are considered in survey fashion. Pre
requisite to all advanced courses in zoology.
Three lectures, one laboratory period per week.
2. C O M P A R A T IV E V E R T E B R A T E A N A T O M Y . M r. M einkoth or Mr.
W eber.
H a lf course.
A course of lectures, laboratory conferences and dissection presented from the
comparative viewpoint. Dissection of several vertebrate types is undertaken.
Tw o lectures or conferences and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisite, 1.
3. E L E M E N T A R Y P H Y SIO L O G Y . M r. Flemister.
H a lf course.
A consideration of the physiology of muscle, nerve, circulation, respiration,
central nervous system, special senses and digestion; the treatment is designed
to give a broad understanding o f the mechanism of the vertebrate body. In
the laboratory, standard experiments on living tissues are performed.
Tw o lectures, one conference and one laboratory period per week.
Prerequisite, 1.
3B. C O M P A R A T IV E P H Y SIO L O G Y . M r. Flemister.
H a lf course.
A course of lectures and laboratory experiments treating fundamental physio
logical processes from the standpoint of adaptation of the animal to its en
vironment. These processes are compared in order to follow their elaboration
from the more general to the more specialized.
Tw o lectures, one conference and one laboratory period per week.
Prerequisites, 1 and 2 with Chemistry through 6A.
4. E M B R Y O L O G Y . Miss Littrell.
H a lf course.
A study of developmental vertebrate anatomy. The lectures are concerned with
an investigation of the events which precede development, an analysis of the
developmental processes, and a brief survey of the contributions of the field of
experimental embryology. Laboratory periods are devoted to the embryology
o f the frog, chick and pig.
Three lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisites, 1 and 2.
* On leave 1948-1949.
129
5. H IS T O L O G Y . Miss littr e ll.
Half course.
This course consists of a detailed study of the microscopic structure of
vertebrate tissues, together with the functions of such tissues. In the laboratory
the student examines both prepared and living material, and becomes familiar
with the principals of microtechniques.
Three lectures and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisites, 1 and 2.
6. P H Y S IO L O G IC A L E C O L O G Y . M r. Flemister.
Half course.
A critical appraisal of the physiological adaptations of the animal to the
stresses in its environment.
Prerequisites, 1, 2 an 3 with Chemistry through 6A.
7. B IO L O G Y O F T H E V E R T E B R A T E S . M r. Enders.
Half course.
A course designed to integrate the student’s knowledge in abstract sciences with
living a n im a ls , both captive and wild. Field work is especially stressed during
the warmer months.
Open to zoology senior majors only.
8. B IO L O G Y O F P A R A S IT IS M . M r. M einkoth.
Half course.
A consideration of parasitology with reference to evolution and adaptation to
the parasitic habit. Surveys are made of parasites in native animals. Classifica
tion, life cycles and epidemiology are reviewed.
Prerequisites, 2 and junior standing.
9. IN V E R T E B R A T E Z O O L O G Y . M r. W eb er.
Half course.
A course of lectures, laboratory conferences and dissection presented from the
comparative viewpoint. Dissection of important invertebrate types is under
taken.
T w o lectures or conferences and two laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisite, 1.
10. F IE L D Z O O L O G Y . M r. W eb er.
Half course.
A course in which the emphasis is on the living animals as they occur in
nature, their relationships to the environment, habits and distribution; much
of the work will be done on field trips.
11. SPECIA L T O P IC S . T h e staff.
Half course.
For advanced students. Open to those who on account of fitness have arranged
a program o f special work in the department.
R equirements
for
M ajor Study
in
C ourse
Students in course w ith a m ajor in Z oology should com plete during fou r
years the follow in g : tw o courses in chemistry, on e course in physics, one
course in mathematics and tw o courses in a m od ern language (Germ an
preferred, although tw o courses in French w ill be acceptable), and fou r
courses in Zoology. G enetics o r advanced botan y may b e substituted for
o n e advanced zoology course.
T h e student should com plete in the first tw o years the requ ired chem
istry, physics, mathematics, language, an d three h alf courses in Z oology
(these must include Z oology 1 and 2).
T h e departm ental requirem ents o f tw o courses in chemistry and on e in
physics constitute a m inor fo r Z oology majors.
Students in course w ith a m in or in Z oolog y must com plete three half
courses in Z oolog y (these must in clude Z oology 1 and 2).
H
onors
W
ork
A student w ith a m ajor in zoology and a m inor in chemistry, o r a
m in or in chemistry and physics must com plete in the first tw o years the
follow in g: three h alf courses in zoology (in cluding 1 an d 2), tw o courses
in chemistry, on e course in mathematics (11 and 12 required fo r advanced
chemistry and physics) and tw o courses in G erm an (preferred) o r French.
H on ors students m ajorin g in zoology norm ally take fou r seminars in
zoology, w ith the rem aining seminars usually in botany, chemistry, physics
and mathematics.
Prerequisites fo r students in the honors curriculum w ith a m in or in
zoology consists o f three h alf courses in zoology (in cluding 1 and 2). In
addition, seminars in physiology require on e course in physics and chem
istry through organic.
Seminars. The following seminars prepare students for examinations
for a degree with Honors.
E M B R Y O L O G Y . M r. Enders o r Miss Littrell.
An analysis of reproduction and development. The laboratory work includes
individual projects by the students, a study of developmental anatomy of the
chick and pig, and the observation of living material under the normal
experimental conditions.
C Y T O L O G Y . Miss Littrell.
A study of the structure and function of the cell. Living material will be
examined and the modern microscopical techniques employed in the laboratory.
IN V E R T E B R A T E Z O O L O G Y . M r. W eber.
An intensified version of the course (9) with emphasis on individual projects
by the students.
P H Y S IO L O G Y . M r. Flemister.
A survey of important subjects in general and comparative physiology.
BIOLOGY OF PARASITISM. Mr. Meinkoth.
An intensified version of the course (8) with emphasis on individual projects
by the students. An integration of problems in medical and veterinary sciences
with conditions obtaining normally among wildlife.
SP E C IA L T O P IC S . T h e staff.
Open to students who, having satisfied all requirements, desire further work
in the department. The following subjects are suggested: Neurology (Mr.
Scott), Physiology of Reproduction (Mr. Enders), Biology of the Vertebrates
Mr. Flemister). Frequently this will include acting as junior assistants in the
research o f staff members.
A p p rov ed w ork at summer biologica l stations o r in systematic zoology at
the Academ y o f Natural Sciences may be substituted fo r certain seminars
and courses, perm itting m ore ch oice in the student’s college program .
131
REFERENCE SECTION
A directory of the students and faculty of Swarthmore College may
be obtained by writing to the Registrar.
Visiting Examiners of Candidates for
Degrees with Honors
January 1948
CHEM ISTRY: Professor E dward H . C o x , Swarthmore College;
P rofessor H . J ermain C reighton , Swarthmore College.
ECONOMICS: Professor K ermit G ordon, Williams College; P ro
fessor C harles R . W hittlesey , University of Pennsylvania.
ELECTR ICAL ENGIN EERIN G: P rofessor C arl C. C hambers,
M oore School of Electrical Engineering of the University of
Pennsylvania.
ENGLISH: P rofessor Stephen E. W hicher , Swarthmore College.
H IST O R Y: D r . A lice B eardwood, Wynnewood, Pa.; Professor
G eorge B. C ooper , Trinity College.
M A TH E M A TIC S: P rofessor I. J. Schoenberg, University of Penn
sylvania.
PHILOSOPHY: P rofessor L ewis W . B eck, University of Delaware.
PHYSICS: P rofessor D ennison B ancroft , Swarthmore College.
P O L IT IC A L SCIENCE: P rofessor H arold H . Sprout , Princeton
University; P rofessor R oger H . W ells, Bryn Mawr College.
PSYCHOLOGY: Professor Solom on E. A sch, Swarthmore College;
Professor W illiam C. H . P rentice, Swarthmore College.
ZO OLOGY: D r . J ae L. L ittrell , Swarthmore College; D r . N orman
A . M einkoth , Swarthmore College; D r . C arl F. Schmidt , School
of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania.
May 1948
CHEM ISTRY: P rofessor E dward H aenisch, Villanova College; D r .
E dgar H oward , J r ., Tem ple University.
CLASSICS: P rofessor Evelyn H olst C lift , University of Delaware.
ECONOMICS: D r . J oseph D. C oppock , Office of International Trade
Policy; Professor K erm it G ordon, Williams College; D r . R . J.
Saulnier , National Bureau of Economic Research.
134
ENGINEERING: P rofessor H arry L. B ow m an , Drexel Institute of
Technology; Professor C arl C. C hambers, M oore School of Elec
trical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania; M r . B ernard
M orrill , Swarthmore College; P rofessor W illiam E. R easer,
Swarthmore College.
ENGLISH: P rofessor M atthew W . B lack , University of Pennsyl
vania; Professor D avid D aiches, Cornell University; P rofessor
W illard T horp , Princeton University.
FINE A R T S : M r . H edley H . R hys, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
H ISTO R Y: D r . J erome B lum , Princeton University; P rofessor J. B.
B rebner, Columbia University; P rofessor M argaret A. J udson,
New Jersey College for W om en; P rofessor J ohn L. L a M onte:,
University of Pennsylvania.
LINGUISTICS: Professor A lfred Senn , University of Pennsylvania.
M ATH E M ATIC S: P rofessor I. S. C ohen , University of Pennsyl
vania; P rofessor I. J. Schoenberg, University of Pennsylvania.
MUSIC: P rofessor H orace A lw yne , Bryn Mawr College.
PHILOSOPHY : P rofessor J ames W . M iller , College of William
and Mary; P rofessor A. P. U shenko, Princeton University; P ro
fessor M orton G. W hite , University of Pennsylvania.
PHYSICS: P rofessor F. H . C rawford , Williams College.
P O LIT IC A L SCIENCE: P rofessor C harles A ikin , Commission on
Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government; D r .
P eter B achrach , Bryn Mawr College; P rofessor C lyde Eagleton , New York University.
PSYCHOLOGY : D r . J erome S. B runer, Harvard University; P ro
fessor D orwin P. C artwright , Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology; Professor H arry H elson, Bryn Mawr College.
RO M AN CE LANGUAGES: P rofessor A ndré D elattre , University
of Pennsylvania; D ean D orothy N . N epper, Bryn Mawr College.
ZO O LO G Y: D r . D avid W . B ishop, University of Illinois; P rofessor
Frederick H . M cC utcheon , School of Veterinary Medicine, Uni
versity of Pennsylvania; D r . H erbert L. R atcliffe , University of
Pennsylvania; D r . A nna R achel W hiting , University of Penn
sylvania.
135
Degrees Conferred
February 1, 1948
B achelor
of
A rts
In the Division of the Humanities
J ohn M anley A ustin (English)
C harles L emon B estor (Music)
V irginia J ane B utts (Psychol
ogy)
R obert P ayson C reed (English)
D avid Freeman F ield (Psychol
* P atricia J ohnson M aack (Eng
lish)
C arolien H ayes P owers (His
tory)
H elen Sue R eynolds (English)
J ohn H ale Sutherland (Eng
lish)
G eorge H erbert
(Philosophy)
ogy)
•A lexander
(English)
P aul
H are ,
Jr .
W illiams
In the Division of the Social Sciences
J oan A dams (Political Science)
J ohn F uller A damson (Eco
nomics)
J o h n M a y n a r d B rumbaugh
{Honors—History)
H arriett R ose C line (Psychol
ogy)
•N ancy E berle (History)
D o r o t h y F r a n c e s G otwald
{Honors—Political Science)
L ucy R ogers H ayes (Political
Science)
J ustus A llan H ovey , J r . (High
Honors—Political Science)
C ynthia J ean K i r k p a t r i c k
(Honors—History)
W alter L ee L ukens, J r . (His
tory)
J ohn C alvert M arshall (Eco
nomics)
• As of June 16, 1947.
136
M arge P earlman (High Honors
—Economics)
A m y R oosevelt (Economics)
H orace L eonard Salop (Politi
cal Science)
W alter Scheuer (High Honors
—Economics)
J ohn G. Siegle (Political Sci
ence)
•G loria Spencer (Political Sci
ence)
P eter D onn Sternlight (High
Honors—Economics)
M a y L ogan T homson (Eco
nomics)
M elvin B ensin T roy (History)
N elson Sandford V an V alen
(Political Science)
In the Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
R ichard R oy B lough (Chem
istry)
♦Su s a n n e T e n E y c k B r a d l e y
(Chemistry)
♦John Salom C arson (Zoology)
I ris M iroy D ibner (Zoology)
P hilip L ouis G ilbert (Chem
istry)
M ichel A mos G lucksman
(Hon ors—Zoology)
♦Frank R ogers H e n d r i c k s o n
(Zoology)
♦L ada H ulka (Chemistry, E co
nomics)
J ane A nn J ones (Chemistry)
B achelor
J ames V ernon K indall (Chem
istry)
R obert G arlin K uller (High
Hon ors—Physics)
B a r b a r a L ouise L ucking
(Mathematics)
V asco E m ilio N unez, J r . (Zo
ology)
♦K e n n e t h
M o o r e Snyder
(Mathematics)
J oan C olvill Sweet (Zoology)
♦H elen J anet T ooley (Chem
istry)
B etty M ack T warog (M athe
matics)
f
Science
In the Division of Engineering
C lifford M ilton B ryant (M e
chanical Engineering)
W illiam J ohn C lark (Civil En
gineering)
J esse C ameron D enton (M e
chanical Engineering)
R ichard H ugh H eineman (M e
chanical Engineering) *
* As of June 16, 1947.
137
C harles Frederick K aercher,
3rd (Mechanical Engineering)
M alcolm H olmes Smith (M e
chanical Engineering)
R obert H oward V ernon (Civil
Engineering)
Degrees Conferred
June 7, 1948
M aster
of
A rts
R ichard M . H eld, Psychology
B achelor
of
A rts
In the Division of the Humanities
P aula A dler (Honors—Latin)
Eric H art A nderson (English)
B eth M iriam A sh (English)
B arbara J ean B abcock (High
Honors—English)
E dith G race B ayer (English)
J ane L atta B lair (French)
H elen E lizabeth B lankenagel
(French)
H einz E ric B ondy (History)
C arroll G aw ayne B owen
(H onors—English)
J ohn I rwin B rooks (English)
I sabel M argaret B rown (Eng
lish)
C arolyn J ames B ryan (Honors—
French)
M arion E lizabeth C lemens
(History)
R uth W . C lifton (English)
M argaret V an B arneveld C ole
(Honors—French, Spanish)
R obert A aron C ressy (English)
J eanne M arie C ummins (Psy
chology)
H enry D ekker (History)
P eter D odge (High Honors—His
tory)
M ary E lizabeth F air
(Psychol
ogy)
E dward L awrence G alligan
(English)
D avid B arnes G allow ay (Eng
lish)
H elen G e r b e r G r e e n (High
Honors—History)
M ary W endy H ackett (English)
M arian V odges H a m (Honors—
English)
H oward Frank H arris (English)
D avid Freeman H aw ke (History)
H elen M cD owell H ill (Eng
lish)
E lizabeth H orton (History)
H arriet I nglesby (English)
L aura C lare J ohnson (High
Hon ors—English)
H oward T homas L ay cock (Ger
man)
D orothy Seiler L ongaker (Eng
lish)
J anet I r m a M ac L ellan (Psy
chology)
J ohn B rooks M cC rory (History)
A lice Shoemaker M cN ees (Psy
chology)
138
B arbara M oore (English)
W inifred T aylor M uir (English)
M arian N ewlin (Fine Arts)
A rthur N orth (English)
W illiam H ull O sler (English)
G arland B r u c e O verton , III
(English)
E dith M argaret P helps (Psy
chology)
J oan A drienne P oynton (Honors
—Latin)
D onna L arrabee R igali (Eng
lish)
Edward L ehman R uhe (English)
M ark Scheiber (Honors—English)
N adia D eem Smeallie
(Fine
Arts)
J oyce Sm ith (Honors—Latin)
B arbara C lark Sosman (High
Hon ors—English)
Susan E lizabeth Stoll (Spanish)
M ary Strawbridge (History)
J o s e p h W a l d a u e r (Honors—
French, Psychology)
J ohn C alely W entz (Highest
H onors—English)
J ames R utledge W hipple (Eng
lish)
E l e a n o r D o r o t h y W ickes
(Hon ors—English)
P aul M axw ell Z all (Honors—
English)
In the Division of the Social Sciences
A ngelica G abriele B aumann
(Psychology)
B a r b a r a J o a n B e t s c h (P s y
chology)
J a m e s P e n n i n g t o n B owditch
(Economics)
B etty A nn H um m ell B ullen
(Economics)
J oseph A ddison B ullen, J r . ( High
Honors—Political Science)
M ary M ac N air B urnside (His
tory
M a r j o r y A nn C l o u g h (P s y
chology)
P hilip D eA rmond C urtin (High
Honors—History)
P eter D aland (History)
B radley F isk, J r . (Political Sci
ence)
W illiam H eisler Frederick, J r .
(Political Science)
Simon P hilip G oudsmit (Eco
nomics)
Erling H enry H aabestad , J r .
(Economics)
Sam uel P frim mer H ays (High
Honors—Psychology)
W arren P atrick H iggins (Eco
nomics)
B etty P eebles H unter (Political
Science)
R ichard A . J ohnston (E c o
nomics)
J a m e s B r u c e K i r k h o f f (Eco
nomics)
E. K endall L andis (High Honors
—History)
E sther H allett L eeds (Political
Science)
H enry O. L eichter (Political Sci
ence)
A rthur G eorge L evin (History)
139
A lice Shakow (Highest
Honors—Political Science)
H erman J ames Sheedy (High
H onors—Economics)
Z ara
D avid S. L indau (Political Sci
ence)
J ohn M orford L ongstreet (Eco
nomics)
H ope M arindin (Economics)
A nn C aywood M eckes (Psychol
ogy)
Joanna M eyer (Economics)
Edward B iddle M ifflin (History)
R uth E lizabeth M onk (Political
Science)
A lice P apazian (History)
M ary H . P erot (Political Science)
R aymond A lfred P eterson,
(High Honors—Philosophy)
B urdette C rawford P oland (H is
tory)
W illiam M . P ye , J r . (Economics)
E dythe E loise Schlichting (Eco
nomics)
JR-
W illiam M iddleton Sheppard
(Economics)
C harles W esley Shike (Political
Science)
J acob Stineman Slick , Jr . (Eco
nomics)
A lan B arrie Spitzer (Economics)
D o r o t h y L o u i s e Sw e r d l o v e
(High Honors—Economics)
M arion E lm a T aylor (Honors—
Economics)
R ichard C alvin U nger (Eco
nomics)
R olf V altin (Economics)
R uth V ogt (History)
In the Division of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences
B arbara D arrow (High Honors
N orman
W alter
B ailey
(Zoology)
B etty E laine B assett (M athe
matics)
W illiam H oward B lack (Chem
istry)
W endell V ictor F lagg B rooks
(Chemistry)
R obert Z anes B rown (Zoology)
N ancy R uth B urnholz ( High
Honors — Mathematics, E co
nomics)
B erel C aesar (Zoology)
Frances E llen C arey (Zoology)
W illiam W . C lendenin (High
Honors—Physics)
R i c h a r d E . C o r d r a y ( High
H on ors—Mathematics)
—Zoology)
I rving E ugene D ayton (High
Honors—Physics)
P hilip K eller Evans (M athe
matics)
M arie L ouise F ailla (Psychology)
G eraldine F ink (Psychology)
A nne L ouise Freidinger (Psy
chology)
H a r r ie t A nn G l uec k ( P s y
chology)
R i c h a r d G o l d b e r g (Highest
H onors—Mathematics)
R i c h a r d M a r v i n G reenstein
(Zoology)
G risella C hrystie H all (Chem
istry)
140
J ohn
John C harles H enchel (M athe
matics)
A lice W ade H igley ( M a t h e
matics)
E nid M argaret H obart (High
Honors)—Psychology
L ucy M a y H oisington (Zoology)
C atharine
B alderston J ones
(Zoology)
I sabel K ellers (H onors—Zoology)
T homas K illip , III (Zoology)
Lois L edwith (Mathematics)
P hebe M artenet L ook (Zoology)
A braham A mos L urie (Honors—
Zoology)
Sa m R ankin M ason (Zoology)
S ue H i e t t M c E l d o w n e y (Zo
ology)
E dward P eter N euburg (Honors
—Mathematics)
Francis T im N icholson (Physics)
B achelor
G lenn P arrish, Jr . (Zo
ology)
P atricia P lank (Honors—Mathe
matics)
Edward B yrd R awson (High
Hon ors—Physics)
L uise Schmidt -B aeumler (Zo
ology)
H oward
A llen
Schneiderman
(High Honors—Zoology)
E dwin C olby Sevringhaus (Psy
chology, Chemistry)
R oland P. Stratton , Jr . (Zo
ology)
A nn T hompson (Zoology)
M a r y T a l b o t W estergaard
(Chemistry)
Sue G rau W illiams (Zoology)
G eorge B usey Y ntema (High
Honors—Mathematics)
of
Science
In the Division of Engineering
Franklin E lverson B arr, J r .
Mechanical Engineering)
* Edward M orris B assett, Jr .
(Civil Engineering)
J ohn B artram B ement (M echani
cal Engineering)
R ichard N etherton C hambers
(Electrical Engineering)
W illiam L ouis F ord (M echanical
Engineering)
E dward L awrence Frost (Elec
trical Engineering)
J oseph S. G ary (Civil Engineer
ing) *
H enry A dolph G orjanc (Elec
trical Engineering)
Frederick G reen, Jr . (Mechanical
Engineering)
J ohn E dward H outman (Civil
Engineering)
R ichard M erritt H urd (Civil
Engineering)
J ames W ilson P ierce (M echani
cal Engineering)
R obert L ouis R oemer (M echani
cal Engineering)
Franklin T aylor Sandt (M e
chanical Engineering)
* As of February 7, 1943.
141
R ichard M orton T urner (M e
chanical Engineering)
N icholas H arry W agner, III
(Electrical Engineering)
R obert V an D uyne W hitm an
(Highest Honors — Civil Engi
neering)
G avin P. Spofford (M echanical
Engineering)
W h i t n e y K n e e l a n d St e a r n s
(Civil Engineering)
J ohn M orris T rim m er (Elec
trical Engineering)
Geographical Distribution o f Students
1948-1949
Pennsylvania ..................................... 357
New York ........................................... 214
New Jersey ......................................... 93
Massachusetts ..................................... 54
Illinois ................................................. 35
Maryland ........................................... 31
District of Columbia ........................ 22
Ohio ................................................... 21
Michigan ............................................. 18
California ........................................... 17
Connecticut ....................................... 16
Virginia ............................................... 12
Delaware ............................................. 11
Colorado .............................................
9
Indiana ............................................
9
8
Missouri .............................................
West Virginia ...................................
7
W isconsin.............................................
7
Florida ....................................... . . . . .
6
Iowa ...................................................
5
Minnesota ...........................................
5
Maine ...................................................
4
North Carolina .................................
4
Rhode Island .............................
4
Oregon .................................................
3
South Carolina .................................
3
Alabama .............................................
2
Arizona ...............................................
2
Kentucky ...........................................
2
Louisiana ...........................................
2
Mississippi .........................................
2
Montana .............................................
2
New Hampshire ...............................
2
Tennessee .................................. . . .
2
Vermont .............................................
2
Arkansas
...................................................
1
N ebraska ...................................................
1
N ew M e x ic o .............................................
1
N o r th D a k ota
1
O k la h om a
........................................
.................................................
1
S ou th D a k ota ..........................................
1
U tah
..........................................................
W a sh in g to n
W y o m in g
1
.............................................
1
.................................................
1
Total of U.S. students ..................1002
Brazil ....................................................
China ......................................................
Hawaii ....................................................
France ....................................................
Germany ..................................
Greece .................................................
Venezuela ..............................................
Netherlands ..........................................
Australia .............................................
Colombia .............................................
Cuba ...................................................
England ..................'............................
Japan ...................................................
Korea .................................................
Lebanon ........................"....................
Palestine .............................................
Panama ...............................................
Philippine Islands ...........................
Puerto Rico .......................................
Syria ................................... ............... .
Wales ...................................................
142
T o t a l o f o t h e r s ....................................
G ra n d T o t a l
5
4
3
2
2
2^
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
35
...................................... 1037
Bibliography o f Swarthmore College
1939-1948
A ydelotte , Frank
Breaking the Academic Lockstep; the Development of Honors Work in
American Colleges and Universities, N. Y., Harper, 1944. 183 p.
B lanshard, B rand
Tw o Swarthmore Presidents. Friends Intelligencer, v. 97, p. 671-73, 687-89.
Oct. 19-26, 1940.
C arter, B oyd G.
Swarthmore under Frank Aydelotte. Association of American Colleges Bulletin.
v. 28, p. 316-19. May 1942.
E nion , R uth C.
The Intellectual Incubation of a Quaker College, 1868-1903. A Critical
Appraisal of the Educational Philosophy of Swarthmore College. Swarthmore,
Pa. 1944. 89 p. Thesis (BA.) Typewritten.
F ishman , H. M.
China Studies with Uncle Sam; Chinese Naval Students at Swarthmore. Travel.
v. 84, p. 18-19. March 1945.
G ager, C harles S.
Theaters, Gardens and Horticulture. Science, v. 95, p. 635-39. June 26, 1942.
G oing C oncern . T i m e . v. 35, p. 42-43. March 4, 1940.
M cI ntosh, M ark , Compiler.
Sixty-five Years of Athletics at Swarthmore College, 1875-1939. Swarthmore,
Pa., 1939. Typewritten.
N ason, J ohn W .
Cooperation between Haverford, Bryn Mawr and Swarthmore. Haverford
Review, v. 1, p. 4-7. Autumn 1941.
N icholson, A rnold W .
People’s Garden. Saturday Evening Post. v. 217, p. 26-27. April 14, 1945.
143
P almer , Sam uel C.
Convolvulus wallichiana at Swarthmore. Rhodora. v. 47, Nov. 1945.
Sh aw , C harles B.
Library Cooperation between Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore. Haverford Review, v. 1, p. 24-26. Summer 1942.
Swarthmore C ollege
The Inauguration of John William Nason as President of Swarthmore College,
October 26, 1940. In Bulletin of Swarthmore College, v. 38, no. 5; First Month
1941. 63 p.
Sw arthmore C ollege F aculty
Adventure in Education: Swarthmore College under Frank Aydelotte. N. Y.,
Macmillan, 1941. 236 p.
W alton , J ean B.
Recent Changes in Group Activities Program at Swarthmore College. Journal of
the National Association of Deans of Women, v. 6, p. 164-65. June 1943.
W ister, J ohn C.
The Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foundation: a Ten Year History: January
1, 1930 to December 31, 1939. In Bulletin of Swarthmore College, v. 37, no. 5.
Sixth Month 1940. 89 p.
144
In d e x
Botany, Courses in, 68, 69
Absence from Classes, 58
Absence from Collection, 58
Absence from Examinations, 60
Accelerated Program, 30
Addams, Jane, Peace Collection (See
Swarthmore College Peace Collection)
Administrative Officers, 20-22
A dmissions Procedure, 28-31
Application Dates, 30
Scholastic Aptitude and Achieve
ment Tests, 30, 31
School Subjects Recommended, 2830
Advanced Degrees, 62, 63
Advanced Standing, 30
Advisers, 47
Alumnae Scholarship, 34
Alumni Field, 150
Alumni Office, 47
Alumni Scholarships, 34
Arthur Hoyt Scott Auditorium, 150
Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticultural Foun
dation, 44
Astronomical Observatories, 107, 150
Astronomy, Courses in, 104
Atkinson (Barclay G.) Scholarship, 40
Atkinson (Rebecca M.) Scholarship, 40
Attendance at Classes and Collection, 58
Automobiles, Regulations concerning, 60
Awards and Prizes, 64
B uildings, 150
Bachelor of Arts Degree, 61
Bachelor of Science Degree, 61
Barnard (George Grey) Collection, 44
Beardsley Hall, 150
Benjamin West House, 43, 150
Benjamin West Society, 44
Bibliography of Swarthmore, 1939-1948,
143, 144
Biddle Memorial Library, Honorary
Curators of, 22
Board of Managers, Committees of, 9
Board of Managers, Members of, 8
Bond Memorial, 150
Book Bill, 32
Activities and Class Lodges
Astronomical Observatories
Bartol Research Foundation
Bassett House
Beardsley Hall
Benjamin West House
Biddle Memorial Library
Bond Memorial
Chemistry, Hall of
Faculty Residences
Field House
Hall Gymnasium
Hicks Hall
Isaac H. Clothier Memorial
Library Building
Martin (Edward) Biological
Laboratory
Meeting House
Palmer Hall
Pittenger Hall
Parrish Hall
Roberts Hall
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Outdoor
Auditorium
Somerville Hall (Gymnasium for
Women)
Sproul Observatory
Students’ Observatory
Swimming Pools
Thomas House
Trotter Hall
Wharton Hall
Woolman House
Worth Hall
Bunting (Ella Frances) Extemporaneous
Speaking Contest, 65
Calendar, College, 5
Calendar, Lunar, 4
Chemistry, Courses in, 70-72
Chi Omega Scholarship, 34
Churches, 46
Classical Scholarships, 36
145
In d e x
Class Lodges, Women’s, 150
Class of 1913 Loan Fund, 40
Class o f 1915 Scholarship Fund, 34, 35
Class of 1916 Loan Fund, 40
Class Scholarships, 34
Classics, Courses in, 73-75
Clothier (Isaac H.) Memorial, 150
Collection, 46
Collection Attendance, Regulation con
cerning, 58, 61
College Community, 24, 45-48
College Entrance Examinations, 29-31
College Jobs, 33
Committees of the Board of Managers,
9
Committees of the Faculty, 19
Comprehensive Examinations, 50, 53,
61-62
Conditions, 59
Cooper (Sarah Kaighn) Scholarship, 35
Cooper (William J.) Foundation, 43, 44
Cooperation with Neighboring Institu
tions, 24
Corporation, Officers of, 8
Course Advisers, 47, 51
Courses of I nstruction, 67-131
Botany, 68, 69
Chemistry, 70-72
Classics, 73-75
Economics, 76-78
Engineering, 79-88
Civil, 81-84
Electrical, 81, 84-87
Mechanical, 81, 87, 88
English, 89-92
Fine Arts, 93, 94
German, 95-97
History, 98-101
Mathematics and Astronomy, 102107
Music, 108
Philosophy and Religion, 109-112
Physical Education for Men, 113
Physical Education for Women, 114,
115
Physics, 116-117
Political Science, 118-120
Psychology and Education, 121-124
Romance Languages, 125-128
Zoology, 129-131
Crane Prize, 64
Curators of Biddle Memorial Library,
22
Cutting (Bronson M.) Collection, 44
D egrees, 61-63
Advanced Engineering
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor o f Science
Master of Arts
Master of Science
Degrees Conferred, 136-142
Dining Room, 46
Directions for Correspondence, 2
Directions for Reaching the College, 24
Divisions and Departments, 18
Dormitories, 45
Dorsey (William) Scholarship, 40
Economics, Courses in, 76-78
Education, Courses in, 123
Education, Physical, 113-115
Educational Program, 24, 28, 49-69
Egleson (James D.) Murals, 45
Emeritus Professors, 10
Engineering, Courses in, 79-88
Engineering, Degrees in, 61-63, 79
English, Courses in, 89-92
Entrance Requirements, 27-31
Examination Regulations, 60
Examinations, College Board, 30, 31
Exclusion from College, 61
Expenses, 32
Extra and Prescribed Work Committee
on, 59
Extra-Curricular Activities, 48
Faculty, Members of, 10-17
Faculty Regulations, 58-61
Fees (Tuition, Residence, etc.), 32
146
In d e x
Fellowships, 65, 66
Ferguson (Donald Renwick), Scholar
ship, 35
Field House, 150
Fine Arts, Courses in, 93, 94
Foreign Language Requirements, 52, 53
F o re ig n Students, 142
Fox (George) Award, 65
Fraternity Lodges, Men’s, 150
French, Courses in, 125-127
Friends’ College Scholarships, 35
F riends H isto rica l L ib ra ry , 42
Friends Meeting, 46
Fry (Elizabeth) Award, 65
G e o g ra p h ica l D istrib u tio n
o f Students,
142
German
Language and Literature,
Courses in, 95-97
Gillingham (Joseph E.) Fund, 35
Grades, 58, 59
Graduation, Requirements for, 61
Grants-in-aid, 33
Greek Language and Literature, Courses
in, 73-75
Hayes (John Russell) Poetry Prizes, 65
Health, Care of Student, 46
Hicks Hall, 150
Hillborn (Rachel W.) Scholarship, 35
History, Courses in, 98-101
H onors W ork , 54-57
Admission to, 56-57
Combinations of Majors and Minors,
56
Examinations, 50, 55, 61
Examiners, 55, 134, 135
General Statement, 54, 55
Offered in:
Astronomy, 106
Botany, 69
Chemistry, 72
Classics, 75
Economics, 78
Engineering, 80, 86
English, 91, 92
Fine Arts, 94
French, 126, 127
German, 96, 97
Greek, 75
History, 100, 101
Latin, 75
Mathematics, 105, 106
Music, 108
Philosophy, 111, 112
Physics, 116, 117
Political Science, 120
Psychology, 123, 124
Spanish, 128
Zoology, 131
Housing, 24, 45
Infirmaries, 47
Italian, Courses in, 127
Ivins (Aaron B.) Scholarship, 36
Ivy Medal, 63, 64
Jane Addams Peace Collection (See
Swarthmore College Peace Collection)
Johnson (George K. and Sallie K.) Fund,
36
Kappa Alpha Theta Scholarship Fund,
36
Kovalenko (Jessie Stevenson) Scholar
ship, 36
Lapham (Anson) Scholarship, 34
Latin Language and Literature, Courses
in, 73-75
Leedom (Hannah A.) Fellowship, 66
Leedom (Thomas L.) Scholarship, 40
L ibraries, 41, 42, 150
Biddle Memorial, 42
College, 41
Friends Historical, 42
Lippincott (Joshua) Fellowship, 66
Lippincott (Sarah E.) Scholarship, 40
Loans to Students, 33, 40
Location of the College, 24
147
In d e x
Potter (William Plumer) Scholarship, 38
Pre-Medical Program, 57, 58
Preston (Mary Coates) Scholarship Fund,
37
Prizes, 64
Program of Study , 50-58
For Freshmen and Sophomores, 5053
For Juniors and Seniors, 53-57
Honors Work, 54-57
Pre-Medical Program, 57, 58
Work in Courses, 53
Psychology, Courses in, 121-124
Public Speaking Prizes, 65
Lockwood (John) Memorial Fellowship,
66
Longstreth (Mary T .) Scholarship, 86
Lucretia Mott Fellowship, 66
Managers, Board of, 7, 8
Map of College Grounds, 150-151
Martin (Edward) Biological Laboratory,
150
Mary Lyon School Property, 45
Mathematics, Courses in, 102-107
McCabe Engineering Award, 64
Meeting House, 46
Men’s Executive Committee, 47
Miller (James E.) Scholarship, 37
Miller (John A.) Loan Fund, 40
Moon, Owen, Fund for Public Speaking,
65
Mott (Lucretia) Fellowship, 66
Music, Courses in, 108
Newton (A. Edward) Library Prize, 64,
65
Oak Leak Medal, 64
Observatories, Astronomical, 107
Open Scholarships for Men, 34
Open Scholarships for Women, 34
Paiste (Harriet) Fund, 37
Palmer Hall, 46, 150
Parrish Hall, 46, 150
Pearson (Paul M.) Loan Fund, 40
Perkins (T. H. Dudley) Memorial
Scholarship, 87
Philosophy, Courses in, 109-112
Physical Education for Men, 113
Physical Education for Women, 114,115
Physical Education Requirements, 113115
Physics, Courses in, 116, 117
Pittenger Hall, 46, 150
Plan of College Grounds, 150, 151
Policies of Swarthmore College, 25-27
Political Science, Courses in, 118-120
Reeves (Mark E.) Scholarship, 40
Religion, Courses in, 110, 111
Religious Life, 46
Requirements for Admission, 27-31
Requirements for Graduation, 62
Work of First Tw o Years, 50-53
Work of Last Tw o Years, 53-57
Residence, Regulations concerning, 30,
60,62
Roberts Hall, 46, 150
Romance Languages, Courses in, 125128
Scholarships, List of, 83-40
Scholastic Aptitude Test, 30, 31
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Auditorium, 150
Scott (Arthur Hoyt) Horticultural Foun
dation, 44
Serrill (William G. and Mary N.)
Scholarship, 37
Shoemaker (Annie) Scholarship, 37, 38
Sicard (Katharine B.) Prize, 65
Sigma X i Fellowship, 66
Social Committee, 48
Somerville Committee, 48
Spanish, Courses in, 127, 128
Sproul Observatory, 107, 150
States, Summary of Students by, 142
Student Aid, 33
Student Council, 48
148
In d e x
Student’s Handbook, 48
Sullivan (Joseph T.) Scholarship, 40
Summer School Work, 60
Swarthmore College Peace Collection,
42,43
Swarthmore College Student Loan Fund,
40
Swarthmore Field, 150
Swimming Pools, 150
Underhill (Samuel J.) Scholarship, 34
West, Benjamin, Society, 44
Westbury Quarterly Meeting Scholar
ship, 38
Wharton Hall, 46,150
Wharton (Deborah F.) Scholarship, 40
White Open Scholarships for Women, 34
Willets (Samuel) Fund, 38
William J. Cooper Foundation, 43, 44
Williams (Ellis D.) Fund, 41
Williamson (I. V.) Scholarships, 38, 39
Wilson (Edward Clarkson) Scholarship,
39
Women’s Student Government Associa
tion, 48
W ood (Mary) Fund, 39
Woodnutt (Thomas) Scholarship, 40
Woolman House, 46, 150
Worth Hall, 46, 150
Vocational Office, 47
Zoology, Courses in, 129-131
Taylor (Jonathan K.) Scholarship, 38
T h om e (Phebe Anna) Fund, 38
Trotter Hall, 150
Tuition and Other Fees, 32
Tuition Plan, 33
Tyson (Martha E.) Fellowship, 66
149
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Wharton Hall
Sprout Observatory
Hall Gymnasium
Parrish Hall
Hockey Field
Tennis Courts
Beardsley Hall
Science Hall
Somerville Gymnasium
College Library and
Biddle Memorial
Library
11 The Hall of Chemistry
12 Students’ Observatory
13 The Benjamin West
House
14 The Meeting House
13 Faculty Houses
16 The President’ s House
17 Swarthmore Field
18 Alumni Field
19 Power Plant
20 Employees’ Dormitory
21 The Swimming Pools
22 Whittier House
23 Book and Key House
24 Hicks Hall
23 The Railroad Station
26 Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity
Lodge
27 Delta Upsilon Fraternity
Lodge
28 Phi Sigma Kappa
Fraternity Lodge
Af
29 Kappa Sigma Fraternity
Lodge
30 Worth Dormitory
31 Woolman House
32 Phi Delta Tbeta
Fraternity Lodge
33 Bond Memorial and
W omeris Class and
Activities Lodges
34 'Bartol Foundation
Laboratory
33 Clothier Memorial
36 Arthur Hoyt Scott Audi
torium
37 Employees’ Houses
38 Field House
39 Palmer, Pittenger and
Roberts Halls
40 Edward Martin
Biological Laboratory
41 Bassett House
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Swarthmore College Catalogue, 1948-1949
A digital archive of the Swarthmore College Annual Catalog.
1948 - 1949
161 pages
reformatted digital