4

“+

sar

et

*

: Perishable Freight Agent, acted as guide,
explaining

.Flottman and a private bus.

¢

Street Station,
where -the~-retailers—buy~-fruit—and=vege=}=

~ aécorded











R.’s. Perishable Freight
o Agent.

: : The ‘amounts: and grades that are for enough riot to spoil, have no taste when| reaches there, the shipper may have word | Cosmeticians © Hairdressers —
Ay” : FOUR HOUR TRIP sale are posted on a bulletin board and| they arrive. It has been tried picking| that the market for that commodity is|Marinello Permanent Waving
2 } ” ‘“ ; R Eugene Method

On | Saturday, January 14, Miss Jen-
nings and thirty-five members of the
Minor Economics class visited the Phila-

delphia yards of the Pennsylvania Rail

road. Mr. William Flottman, the loca

everything and answering
ceaseless questions.

)Eoading and Distribution
The party. left on the 6.50 A. M. train

and were met at Broad Street by Mr.
The first
place visited was the Walnut’ Street Sta-
tion at the foot of Walnut on Dock.
Hiere all the freight from the. ‘north and

New Jersey is received on floats from
Camden. In shipping freight out for
New Jersey points,-the Pennsylvania has

‘found it more economical ‘and time- -Sav-

ing to send shipments of less than’a full
car to Camden by motor truck, and then
load them into cars for distribution in
the State. The process of loading and
chécking up on’ bills of lading was ex-
plained. -Mr. Flottman said that -when
the consignee has freight tracks into his
buile:..., aaedear i is run there and he does

‘the unloading. This relieves the railroad

of responsibility for the count,. and it is
still further relieved when the consignor
ha§ loaded and checked up the shipment
himself.. This is true also when the
receivér sends a-truck to the freight
yards and unloads there. . When. the car-
rier does the unloading; of course it” ds

: _ responsible.

The next place visited was the Dock
across from the. Walnut,
tables. Here an impromptu ovation was
the class which marched
through lines of apples, oranges, carrots
and grinning, cheering men. It must have
been rather a stirprising invasion at 7.30
itt the morning.

The bus drove along Deck street and
its continuation, Delaware avenue into a
foreign “country. It ‘seemed most unlike
Philadelphia, nothing but docks,

It used to be all marsh until the war

“made new demands: on the Philadelphia

harbor and two doéks were constructed
and Oregon avenue built as a_ feeder.
Now the B. & O. freight yards are here
and the Perishable-Freight Terminal of
the Pennsylvania. New offices are going
up and it is expected sthat’ the center of
the fruit and vegetable trade will move
down. The: Dock street buildings are
crowded and antiquated.

Case of Chickens En: Route.
_ On the way down, one of the chicken
slaughtering houses'.was passed, several
cars of live chickens standing on the
tracks. There are caretakers who travel
with these cars ‘and feed and water the
chickens. They have beds, and stoves on
which to cook their meals so that their
charges can have constant attention. Since
a bonus is paid if the: Chickens lose no
weight in thé journey, many illegal prac-
tices have grown up among these care-
takers. They stuff the chickens. with
food and gravel and: salt to make them
drink a lot of water. ‘ni New York there
is a law requiring’ the inspection of
these chickens and they hope to have
one in Philadelphia soon. The diseased
chickens are theoretically eliminated.
Chinese

freight,
yards, warehouses and.great waste fields. |

inspecting the prodiice and auctioning it
off.’ The tracks run alongside a big open-

| sided ‘shed where they. are unloaded.

Fighty cars can be accommodated at once.

‘on slips’ of paper, where the, lots” are
numbered.. The: bidding is by number
in’ the auction rooms upstairs. On these
lists seventy kinds of fruit and vegetables
masquerade under such names as: “‘lopes,”
“cukes” and “casbas,” for cantalopes,-cu-
cumbers and casabas: Egg plants are

‘\“E. ° Plants.”

Unfortunately— business is--slack—now
and there is no Saturday morning auc-
tion. Mr. Flottman described the
scene on regular days as a “mad-house.”

History of Vegetables.

Upstairs. in the auctions room, Mr.
Flottman gave a lecture on marketing,
tracing the history of vegetables from
the first mention of lettuce as a cure
for some disease by Caesar, and that of
artichokes preserved in vinegar and
honey. In the sixteenth century most
fruits came from Indo-China, ‘the original
home of the orange, or Persia, which
prodticel’. especially fine pears.’ Various
Mediterranean companies acted as dis-
tributing agents. He mentioned condi-
tions in Colonial days, and now how the
truck farmers are being shoved further
and further away from their ‘markets.
The food producing industry is also
specializing to a great extent. Thus the
majority of the freight received in Phila-
delphia comes from a distance, California

this is only over the, Pennsylvania and
does not include all-the othe? railroads
serving Philadelphia—with Pennsylvania
in fifth place with only 2000. The grape
crop in 1925, the last year for which
there ate government figures, was 1,900,-
000 tons, of which 92 per cent. was con-
tributed by California. Philadelphia’s
share, was 4262 car loads of grapes, of

leading with nearly 10,000° cars a. year—;-



_There are many problems: connected
with the shipping of fruit long-distandes
for which new solutions are always being.
sought. . For instance, pears shipped green

them nearly ripe and sealing them in air-
tight boxes and shipping them in refrig-
erator cars.: They preserve their taste
this way but it is extremely expensive.
The use of “dry: ice,” a. chemical that
many caterers now use for packing ice
cream, -is successful but also expensive.
In a test made with this two years ago, a

carload of fish’ sent to. Kansas City-and|

five days on the road,. arrived frozen
solid. A scheme is being- worked onto
install Frigidaires with power from the
wheels. The installation would cost $300
per car but the refrigeration would be
only about $15 per carload. Now it is
$110-115. The cost of shipping a single
car from the Pacific coast with refrigera-
tion is often from $8000-$15,000,

Basis of Freight Rates.

Mr. Flottman explained the Way in
which rates are based on the perishability
of goods graded into six divisions. Some
account of the relative weight and space
occupied by the merchandise is also taken.
Sometimes. “commodity rates” are given.
Then boat.competition is also a factor.’
Some time ago, shippers could send mer-
chandise from San Francisco by boat to
Philadelphia, then by .rail to, say, some
point in Ohio for less than the straight
railroad rate from San Francisco to that
point: Réanttifns are made on solid car-
load shipments. The I. C. C. has stepped
on a good many .of the rate-cutting
schemes. Special rates used to be given
to importers who shipped their goods
from New York. This ‘is no ‘longer al
lowed. Part of the cost to the who
country arises because: the conditions,An
New York are so poor. All freight
tebe lightered- across the harbor ;

There are many: interesting and queer
things about this business. For instance,
a car may be started out from California
with a fictitious destination. Before it

especially good somewhere else and he
orders it diverted. The railroad charges
only $3. 60 for this service. He may
find his second’ guess no better than his
first and he can’t get the price he ‘wants.
A. car may reach Philadelphia or New
York after having played six or seven
markets.

_- Varieties of Produce Freighted,—-

The Pennsylvania carried food from

forty-four States and eleven foreign
countries into Philadelphia last year. Such
odd shipments came in as twelve cars
of peanuts from China, or eight of horge-
radish from Germany.: Lemons. come
from Italy, pepper, tomatoes, egg plants
from Mexico; onions from Spain and
Egypt. Seven cars of annis arrived from
Louisiana at one time. . and the
market absorbed ‘it all! -One hundred
and fifty.cars-are handled ‘a day, not
counting the immense amount of prodtice
that comes in by-express or motor trucks.
The use of trucks has had the effect of
stabilizing the market. For instance once
last year, three hundred~baskets of mush-
rooms came in at once.
ia by railroad the market would ‘have
slumped. But, as it was, nobody knew at
the time how much was coming in and
the bu\ersy.were unable to force the
market, down.
My Flottman talked about the com-
isfion method of buying, of buying by
e crop, of the, great: associations like
the California Fruit Growers’ Association
and what-not.

After these very full and interesting
explamations, the class completed its in-
spection of the yards and traveled back
to the center of the town. The whole










from the boats. ‘This is expensiy

trip took over four hours.







Had they come |



i is |
‘ 4 * es a : : : $8 ’ \
THE COLLEGE +-NEWS: a ; |
< ar ah Y . ry °
<= ; : — : = : a ~
This often results’ in day, which. fruit] which-90 per.cent” came’ from California, slow. Philadelphia -as- a port has ‘this | Shampsoing Facial Massage
s ; i : 4 os Marcelling ; Manicuring ,
|_and vegetables would not stand. and 95 per cent. of which was used for} advantage over New York: freight can| Scalp Treatments” Hair Bobbing
~~ Auctioning of Produce. wine. ps be loaded from the steamer direct to] THE VANITY SHOPPE
Mr. Flottman, explained the pita a Cross-Country Shipping. the car on the track, .and vice versa. . . VIVIAN R. NOBLE

831. Laneaster Ave., ‘Bryn Mawr, Pa.
(Over the Toggery Shop)

Phone: BRYN MAWR 1208



PEACOCK
BEAUTE SALON

Seville Theater Bildg., Bryn Mawr
Phone 475

La



Phone;~

ryn Mawr ~252 :
"Say it with Flowers” .
CONNELLY’S
THE MAIN LINE FLORISTS
1226 Lancaster -Ave., Rosemont, Pa.

Members of Florists’ Telelgraph Delivery
Association



JEANNETT’S
BRYN MAWR
FLOWER SHOP

fo a a as a a

Cut Flowers and

Plants Fresh Daily

Corsage and Floral Baskets

Old-Fashioned Bouquets u Specialty
Potted’ Plants

Personal Supervision on All Orders

Phone: Bryn Mawr 570 .

823. Lancaster Avenue

SBOE OSSSSOSSOSSOVON

|
8SSSS0S0SS56 669505905054"







be your Valentine !

Chocolatesin an assortment valentine to be enjoyed and
trying for the high mark of remembered.
perfection!

Actually they are bought by
proprietors of Chop Suey houses for the
_ Amierican trade.
Mr. Flottman threw a sidelighf on the
celery trade. Celery is shipped covered
with dirt and the washing and repack-
ing is done by Polak women: in ‘cellars
fr6ém which the refuse is removed. per-
-haps once a month.

The Perishable Freight Terminal of the
Pennsylvania has just. been completed. - It
is equipped with the most) modern sys-
tem of heating, wash rooms and a res-
taurant run by Savarin where the truck-
meéen_and.Icadets can “eat, and another
for the buyers. There are three sections,
one where freight for the members of the © S. F. W. & Son, Inc.
Philadelphia Auctions Society is received, ; mt

ofte for nonmembers, and one where the
trucks take produce directly from the : WHITMAN’S FAMOUS CANDIES ARE SOLD BY

HERE are, fortunately, in this age: :
some people who still believe that
one can be ‘‘modern’’ without casting off
‘all conventions. . . that culture and re-
finement are not strangers to blithe gaiety
. that_a modest purse need not be a
handicap to the higher ideals of living . .
and that congeniality is more to be desired
than congealed aloofness. For such per-
sons The Barbizon was conceived. . .
and that’s the type you'll find there.

; ae

For variety, there are both
Pink of Perfection is more milk chocolate and vanilla

than a name—itisanaimand chocolate coatings on fudge,
an ambition. nuts, creams, catamels, marsh-
mallows, nougat, fruits; and
solid milk chocolates. Some
of the milk chocolate. coat-
ings are mixed with acai
almonds.



Many who. have enjoyed it
declare it to be the last word
in assorted chocolates — their
ideal. Whitman’s makes a gift
distinctive, delightful — a

PINK. OF
PERFECTION :

oe _
C72

cars. All freight for Philadelphia is re- Bryn Mawes College Inn, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Powers & Reynolds, Bryn Mawr, Pa.
ceived at Fiffy-second street and shunted College Tea Room, Bryn Mawr, Pa. H, B. Wallace, Mawr, Pa. New New York's Cub » Gleb vesldboes for Busines apd Pra :
over the humps into few trains accord- Bryn Mawr Confectionery,. | «William Groff, Bryn Mawr, Pa. with 100 rooms reserved for Stw debe
n Mawr, Pa. N. J. Cardamone, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Art, Drama and Music ‘
ing to its destination. Perishable freight , ; 140 East Sixty-Tump Sraaet, New Yout
Th Moores Pharmacy, Mawr, Pa. Kindt’s Pharmacy, Bryn Mawr, Pa. ;
is taken direct to Oregon street. The Myers Drug Company i Mawr,Pa. © Bryn Mawr Ccllege Book Direction off Mix, Macy Beas
Pennsylvania has tio tracks through the Frank W. Rosemont, Pa. Bryn Mawr, Pa. Mrs. Mary Beaton - ae





city and all trains ‘must go around it, : | ae cae