Win Magazine Volume 11 Number 21

June 19, 1975

/

301

!
*

PEACE & FREEDOM THRU NONVIOLENT ACTION

I

The Vietn araizatipn of Durham, North Carolina
Chicago Poet-Activist, Joffre Stewart
The Housing Plight of Eastern Inclians and,
Stew Albert Watches Abbie Hoffman on Ty

not then there is still hope fdr Jane Alpert.
In the meantime all othe¡s would be wise to
tread lightly for, if she has prostituted her
prinçiples and other peoples' live's to save
her own, sho will do it again'
I know that this is not Ms. Deming's
rationalization of the mattei but then I
'
suspect she is a lot bigger person than I am.
as
danger
is
in
no
movement
The "peoples"
long as there are those who believe arid love
as deeply as Barbarâ Deming'
_CHUCK STOTTO
McAlester State Penitentiary, Oklâ.

Paul Krassner in the same issue of WIN, "Be:
sides,ieparatism is counter-productive and

iî¡'ie.;'-'--'-"'
"

--

-vlcrbR coERrzEL

-MILDRED GEORGE GOERTZEL
Palo Alto, Calif.

The 5122175 issue was excellent from front
cover to back-which is not an infrequent
quality in WIN, Ba¡ba¡a Deming surely is a
fãminist to che¡ish. Her clarity and perspee
tive and sensitivity to the human dilemma
of sex typing andl the liberation of people
is amazing. I am always encouraged by
women who dare to be both sensitive and
angry at the samg time, In her own words,-it
is necessary for us to become angty enough
to sometimes "turn away from men," and to
"become unpossessed." This is indeed a goal
th. attitude expressed by Ms'
of merit,
"n-d the value in a balanced perspecDemins Þuts
tive. I ñope to keep finding her a¡ticles in
WIN, and will keep relying on WIN for more
news of action in the Feminist Movement'
Though there ale the inevitable slips, the
overall awareness of WIN publication is
fántastic. I reallv aþpreciate being able to
read a regular journal of æticles which does
not insult my worth as a female pe¡son as
most media

\

does.

-NANCY KELLER
St. Joseph, Minn'

Barb¿ra Deming in particular, and other ex'
tremists in the "women's anti-men movement" and the "homo is better than hetero
movement," taking so much space in WIN
ieally distresses us. The cheap appellation
'lsexist"-if it must.be used-is more aP
propriately applied to desðribe Barbara
b"*ing, than it is to most'men. Her writing
seems ñost inappropriate in a periodical
supported by the War Resiste¡s League and

prèiumably dedic¿ted to promoting love
ãnd harmonious cooperation between

members of the human race. Sometimes we
feel we should cancel oui subscription'
In the May 22 issue, Deming's confused
lead article has many quotes from "feminisìs," including, for example, Ti'Grace At'
kinion: "I thi;k that the neéd men have for

thê role ofOppressol il the source

and

foundation oî ail human oppression"'
Barba¡a savs "I think so, too" and later
actds "I find ¡ntkinson's bookl Am¿zon
truths"'
Odyssey
-In a book full of deep
the same issue of WIN, in the liéts of
recommended books, Bæbata lists ûve, all
by women: similarlY Ann Davidon and
Andrea Dworkiñ list only women w¡iters
The problems of this world have to be solved'
by people-women and men. We agree with

I just read Barbara Deming's "To Fear Jane
Aioert is To Fear Ourselves." Ms' Deming
ùrtugfrt out a point that is well taken' There
lot of movement people loosely re'
"r" " to Alpert as an informer' Whether
iãrring
rfre it"- isn'i is not up to them to decide'
As far as denouncing the Attica
Ms. Deming piettv well su1mgd

atolï*
'îtrat

uo: "Attica is all of us." Jane Alpert
has deiounced the "people" and I'm sorrynãt for mysef or my Attica Brothers bu-t
iot ¡un. Alpert. All Jane Alpert can do for
tn" it tiU.tuì" herself. tt appears tô me that
Áìo"ti"un't evèn demystify her own politi-

Bruce Nelson's letter in the May 22 issue
asks how beef got to be such a'status sym'
bol, anyhow? À good question, though it

surprises me a little bit that you ask. I willoffèi some clues..
First, we are not as far out of ba¡barism
as we like to think'
When our ancestors finally lèarned

cãiand s"xual experience-how can she hope
to bring awareness to anYone else?
shê's done that herself' Her rantines are those of the oppressor. To belong to

ment-hell

ñiou.m.nt ihe must identify with those in
tou"."nt and they witli her' What pos
sible "oeoples" movement could Alpert be
want
ionn to tftåt so many feminist leaders
they
nothing
ot'-surely
out
her
io iîto*
iclentify with' Or is this what Ms' Deming
,""t mãting reference to when she quoted
Ms. Shermãn's poem: "to fear you is to-- -.
il;;;;;if. to hate vou is to hate mvself"'

"ifr"

,

me'Jane Alpert and Nelbon Rockefeller
the oppressor; to someone else
thèv mav represent truth.
i'm not ãdvocating to exclude Alpert
from the human race although I believe it
would be a good idea in Rockefeller's case'
Jane Alpert is going through a very trying
iitn" unä I believe there is hope for her but
üü* is .ometfring she must work out for her'

;;;;*;i

self.

But create a working trust with Alpert?!
Would Ms. Deming advocate a wotking trust
with Nelson Rockefeller?! At this time what
to any "peoples"
.ooid
"ontribute
One of them killed 43
movement?
social "ith"t
men in cold blood and'the other is glad he
did it because they were mçle chauvinist
pigs;

a

¡attle snake she has first broadcast
intentions; "death to the people"-or
have I misunde¡stood he¡ rantings? It is up to Susan and the \iVeather people to discern
if ihL rattte snaké has 1¡et bitten anyone' If

iust

"her

as a

:

even for a few daYs Yet.

io

real ñne human beings'
' - ltTwo
is important to recognize the social
of the people. I would not embr4ce
"n"mv
rattleinake for fear it would bite me, not
because "I fear myself." At this point inJane Alpert's life she is a ¡attle snake and

to

cooperate with one another well enough to
trap and éat animals larger ihan themsehes,
thii proved to be a good supplement to the
berries, nuts, and roots that had to be constantly searched for in field or forest, never
ouite enough to eat, always calling for more
sèa¡ching and gathering; It was great to have
enough to eatior all the gang, and maybe

As ior throwing Alpert out of the moye-

Skip a few more thousand!1of Years
and our ancestors have some fairly tame
aninials that they can follow around as the
animals e4t grass and h¡m it intô people'--

food-meat.-People don't thrive very well
on grâss. It takes an extra stomach or so'
which we just don't have.
Skip a few more thousand Years and
Deoole have learned to plant seed croþs
fwneat, "Oatq peag beans and barley
*ow" ând so on) and people didn't need
io follow flocks, but could stay putif th¡V
lived in places whe¡e there was enorigh rãin
for
itt h.tå, lean winter could be prwi{e{
with somL work and foresight, and with
sood luck In bad yearg the remaining
ñocks could be eaten, at least some of
ihem, when there was nót enough grain to
keep them all going. So standng was often
avoided.
A few more thousand Years and there
are so many people that it may be easier
io steal whât your neighbors haie stored up
than to go wiihout. So people organize to
orotect ihemselves from robbery, and we
eet the strong mdn wíth the biggest, strongËti ftou* stoiing the food (some food) a¡d
od'"iini u prn." ãf t.fttv (?) to-run-to when
rn.tuoãing gtoops came to $teal and to
pilrgt. sõ.] .feùdalism, in various þrms'
áepending on v4rious things'

Feudalism was successful enough in its
day that by and by the¡e were mo¡e and
more people, and the question inevitably
arose as to Who gets to eat the o.nítÌulí? and,
gets to hunt in the forestT (if a¡y
ryho

forest is left).
,
. You guessed it. It riras the man or family
with the biggest, stronlest fortressh for living in and for refuge of his outlying
clients, whose crops he natuially took a bíg
cut out of, to keep his big establishment
going, to keep his horses fed so he could
ûght his battles,.and keep anóther strong
man from taking over his'n, with death and
destruction as a part of the processilt'was
a way of getting along.
Meantime thè.peasants, those outlying
clients, had to live on "oats, peas, beÂns
and barley" and what small game they werç
permitted to capture in the by-now supel:{
vised hunting preserves of the Lord, the
Duke, or the whoever. The Big House also
had the privilege ofeating white flour, as
compared with the plain ground wheat, or
whatever, that poorer people had to get
along with. Nobody knew that the coarser
flour was more healthful; it remained a
status item, ûltering down to the lower
classes as they became able to afford it.
This could lead us of into industrialÞation
and colonialism and our preserit energy
dilemma, but that's too,much fo¡ one let-

ter. There are books.
So-ngw we are all trying to be Dukes
and Duchesseg We admire kings and queens,
movie starg arrd othe¡ symbols of conspicuous consumption, inclúding sports heioes
and Mafa types and other big accumulators
and big spenderq be it by violence or by
.more "legal" means So those hard;¡'¿oìrking
families who succeeded in raislng their 6 or
I or 10 or 12 child¡en on garden truck,
wheat and cont, chickens and pigs and an '
occasionál cut of beef have produced some
very òompetent, hard workihg children, an{r.
said children can now (or could in the years'
between 1900 and now) buy their food with
less work than it. took to þow it and store it
on the old home farm. And so they buy it,
with their untilrecently increasing incomes
Andwhat do they want to bpy? You
guessed it again. The food heretoforo
limited to the Elite-beef, and white flour,
and that great irony of the slave trade,
sugar. (Between 1870 and 1970, US sugar
consumption rose fiom I tô 132 pounds per
year per person.)

'Nough said.
As to why we keep producing people
rvho want so much money and so much of
things they'don't really need, and why they
like to boss other people-that's anothe¡

I suspect it might be about family
life and family relations¡ But I don't know
all the answers, either. Let's keep looking,

ürook, and

sliall

we?

-MARTHA JARRELL RAPER

Oakton, Va.

'

,dj,oung, black man, Robert Cline is slated
for lhe Gas Chambe¡s in Rhode Island uhless some poor folks start speaking up. Big
criminals pay little people to mu¡der for
them and call it war. Some murder for
themselves out of despair and fear or what
ever and they are the scapegoats for the
State of Terior because we let it be that way.
.tiProyision 9L is the Way to a Gas Chamber fo¡ State.for everyone who does not conforn to the Way of the High Priests of 1984-.
which got a head sta¡t in'74 in Ameüca. We
Ee ¡esponsible for this Brave New Wo¡ld if
we bury ou¡selves in petty conflicts over
what's masculine and what's feminine when
men ¿ue being imprisoned, to¡tured & killed
for being
-,j+IELtY KILLEN

HUMAN.

'

Kingston, RI

little favorable publicity-ótudent.

r

from the Windy City I Lestie Ann
Brownrigg
8. The Housing Pl¡ghû of the Eastern

Tribei / Pat Porter 10. State of Siege, Ciry of Siege (The

Vietnamization of Durham, North
Carolina) þMark Pinsky
14. A Tall Tale Ab'out Trees / Norman
Stew

A lbçrt
l
i

Brod Lyttle
17. Changes
20.. Reviews
;

Cbver: South American lnternational
Police Academy trainees visiting the Durham, NC, Police Department, 'l2174,. photc
by Russel Rigsbee. (See ar:ticle pC. 10.)

-VAUGHN TRENDE

Dickinson, ND
s

Two articles in the May 8th issue mention
ljne Boston Globe. Michele'Clark talks
justiûably about the Globe fannlngthe
Vietnam orphan frenzy, and Ron Reeves
asks, "How do you ûght Ford, the Pentagon,
the Globe, et øL?"
Now the Globe ís an establishment,
capitalistiç newspaper. It often won't touch
gtories which lhe Phoenix (a so-called underground paper, but a capitalistic ohe) will .
toúch.
Nonetheless the Globe is one of therbest
Establishment Dailies. It's been on-target
yß ø vß-Vietn¿m for many, many years.
'And you don't
find màny editorials like
their May 3 one entitled "Those who were
rþht" (about Vietnam) in the establish-

ment

/

16. What Are the Lessons of Pacifism?

in

schools on "lax discipline" and "permis
siveness." Ha! Is a universal ten-year.conscription for six-year olds t'permissive" in
any sense of the word? Hardly. We need
to abolish the tyranny of compulsory edu- '
cation befo¡e we reap another generation .
of dazed and frustrated "inmates."

4. lotrre Stewart: Nonviolent Actfuist

15. Watching the Abbie'Show

liberation. As a ¡ecent graduate, I can attest to th€ arbitrary absurdity that is pub-,
. lic high school in Ame¡ica Now the straight
press is blaming the rising crime rate

Xl, No. 21

Solomon .

I'd like to remind you of a movement. that
gets

une 1 9,1975 / Vol.

press.

r

'

Cakars

uck Fager
Rosen

'

.

Susan Cakars

. Mary

Mayo . Susan Þ¡ñes
Murra y Rosê¡iblith

NINDICTED
NSPIRATORS
Barryo Lance Belvlllo dTom Bruckof
coffln I Lynn€ Coffln. Ann Dåv¡don
Davles o Ruth Dear ¡ Ratph dlGla

',- tþ

JåY

Jezer. Becky Johnson r Nanby Johnson
Paul ohnson . Alllson Karpelr Cralg Karpel

-ART HARRIS

Arlington, Vt.

547

/ Rifton /

New York 12471

914-339.4s8s

$26,587.73
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2 WIN

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the
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Nonviolent
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BY L;,eslíe

Ânn Brownntgg

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j|#ï,.iîi*å,iäie;"i',i**'".

â:ff :iffi fJjll,i,|;,

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þirii'#j;#f t i:T.T'"¿f ir f::i:ll*''ul*,'
äifi lii;vï'Ëit'tnl;i*:î'iATË{ii:ii:ff':
handout: loval citizens

I

I

fl

itïËä i; ; tont¿'¿o*n
spelà tixes for iobs'.That

tli

after'

f.às to
;'ü;ilc';É.
i.ä" tiäniä r,andwroie ar¡d quick'pril!"-11:-1l"tttn"'
not to sovernment:

ì

TorrrrrPìrrrntlgboT-r"r#;,'i;:;#f

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äï'üÏü;;üt.ttt¿

ì

to i"oþte'

¡

';;í'i#"íX,
';;;:'di;'dï'-lÈ;l::.q,;l:ir::),Ì:u;olïå':i:,';å"

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taken from You bY the

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of
form
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mugglng, You t

î iä îí iäiî, t,,,
:: i! ; i,!,/ ii rTå
llfe vou nve maY be :l : {l I n
reí¿ïi

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á

Y<
'i;Ãiï;lÈs.' ioi rr-îm,"

dedicate !!tems1lt11to

;'n:r :!;- *: r:t r ; l' {, |T ?i: í:;i'
;W
-iàut to

-

Nonviolent Revolution'
leaflets with a poem'
That evening f offre sent off his

¡."rli"e"tis,iry*f,i:l*[,ååie,*[IfñJi3;*ry

:'"iili*d*trffiffi,i;
with concepts: the ch¡
uses

Poetry to deliver

''ln!i1*rT:î: i! : ¿:'il
which has roved from
was in the College ot

îfi

;äil;ãoi.'.

""
h:*Hiî
forum

iotpfã*ts' a.free tp","l
ún'ñi¡i'n'stim
''rih:irBrundage'

decided

ln 1949 Jotrre inteerJteä Jui'ü"r'op lltl"d
tb.do to get
tta¿
*rt"t. riiJt[ miÃputttt
Ht wt-niio lttà

to investigate
cut in Chicago.

a hair'
Hou.p; a fancy

:titïJÏ¡"'"'':î*'*llii*r*.1'ïi"'i'ï¡""ü:['
and Madi'
3t ct'a¡r
;î, ¡;ä';Ë"¡r"v. Häñiøï'ñóp
tg
son. Barbers t¡r"re toli'iñð Blact-stroes¡ineboy'
a turkish bath'
At
Itä*îiä,it';;f
the boss

tried to

""¡Ëiiñ*ãp''
ËiiãtL ið*"t
gt''üä

'

man to evict him;

t"üt öoåtiv ò"'91-"::1.:T¡u "nd

:t'il:llåi$:îtiTî:îiniå1i*Pç¡¡:¡ltîii:T
Jot þrma¡ as a back-up
with the avant'garaeíüimãn
;T!ilå;;å;ål Ëîe" Éitîiii¡ v'
Leslle Anrt Brownrlgg

i;î;;;;;í;;;;;)

iñä

westQrn UniversitY'

4wlN

hos

on

Î

uesdav s' h e o pen s

beën actìve ln the Chicago

t'i"ñ'i

onthropotosv at North'

"l listened to my mother, instead of my consciencei
one compromise led to another." He registered in
1943, l?te, overstayed his first"fuilough and ended up
in the-Ft. Sheridan guardhouse. For a while, his cellmate in D cage was a member of CORE. The previous
occupant of his bunk had been strangled to death by a
psychopath still on the loose in the cage. Joffre spent
his time listening to news about CORË, and trying to
stay awake and alive.
îh" Army soon shipped him out to Camp Pickett,
VA¡ and assigned him to a gasoline supply unit made
up of the "sick, lame, blind and crazy.." There he began
his lone, uninformed passive resistance, laughing at the
officer caste, making êrrors on reports, finally going
AWOL. Courtmarshalled, he got "6 and 2l3rds"-6
months in the guardhbuse at one-third pay; He was
forced to do basic training.by day. Since the Army
needed warm bodies for the w3r, his sentence was commuted and he was scheduled for a boat leaving for England. He went AWOL, hoping to miss the boat, was
caught and sent offon a journey enlivened by death
charges en route.
Once at the US base in England he ttopped talking.
He refused direct orders to speak, Speakirig only with'

Jors

,,ËTiiíiri';ütri:rr'*,.i';:;f q,pgîj:,i:'å.j"
Generation helped

It was the same hospital where he had ended his army "career." Joffre was pacifistic by the time of World
W4r ll. He read abouf the conscientious objector status
in the Tribune, but peoplo in CO camps had tcj pay for
their own keep. Joffre knew his poor,.relief family had
no means to supporç him at such a camp. At that time
he was not in touch with groups like the Quakers to
whom he might have turned. He wanted to refuse the
draft and accept imprisonment at Sandstone, the local
federal pen, for the duration.

ffiffixïiüH*i*trffi
ffi Hö
fi,jÅîri}:"iikffi*iiili.'ffr
of
mentalward of
to
be a lohg career

staved limp and
a VA hosPital.

I

*Jä;;ìlt"d

the

'

the medical officer. Put in a hospitä|, he refused to
speak altogether. The Army loaded him on a Red Cross
ship and sent him back to Chicago. Hd was subiected to
electroshock '{treatment" and finally discharged on
December 7, 1945.
Back on the street, he was headed for a bowling al-.
ley one evening when he passed a CORE picket line in
front of White City roller skating rink. "lt w¿s just
what I was looking for. I joined the picket line. After:
wards Willoughby Abner announced a social at the
CORE offÌce. That's hòw I found CORE."

i.

ioffreo Stewart speaklng at a ch¡cago tax demonstration.
Photos by Alan Koss.

wtN

5

lof workçd witþ Çhicago CORE from the winter of
45-46 until ihe original chapter stopped meetlng ln
rãuiuurv ï9s7, CõRE would investigate reports of
üui¡nessäs' ¿¡sciimination, discuss action within the
group, then try to negotiate with the target restaurant'
"u"î, iË"rti pilâce, deþartment store or pãrochial school'
The
Þãrät'r,¡uf sóhools'weie dealt with by negotiation'
ruiu¡"t Uriintrses usually required sit'in tactics' Mixed
groups went inside for the duration' Bending depart"r.ni ttot.t on State Street to offer iobs to Blacks re'
at
ãuired long-term pickets. Cracking the iob scene
öãi¿ultttånd loðal baking companies were important
victories. "Where we applied ourselves,.we.accomoiirñ.¿ iot.thing. COiE was pragmaticilly nonviolent'
Ír,ó piriñti tàctrñiques were the most efficacious"'
lof ioined Peacemakers the year it started-1948'
Whíle Marge and Bob Swann were in Chicago, Jof par'

l

,i

ti"ióut.ã iä Peacemakers' activities, mainly anti-nuke

II

á.tot

and agitprop. The American Friends Service
tlpt the pressure up 4ft9r Chicago Peace'
rãtóri ¿¡tuunäed. Fiom 1958-1964 fof channeled his

õôtt¡tt.t

l1

ll

agitation through the Student Peace Union'
inl¡-nule
-' À"i¡-t"àîchina
war prõtest arose in Chicago through

it

manv autonomous organizations, embracing various
pofiú.il tendencies, by no means all distinctly pacifist'
A good deal of anti'war activity was gener.ated. by
Caihol¡c activists: the Catholic Workers, the Chicago
S"uu"t 55. the Four of Us, the Pontiac 4' Clandesi¡*, nã*t apþrehended groups ripped off or destroyed

ìi
I

il

ii.

il
il

Jruít f¡l"t in'Ëvanston and Berwyn. The Nonviolent
Ítuining and Action Center, Clergy and Laity Concerned.lhe AFSC and a myriad of Marxist and campusbased groups emerged to ioin in rough coalitions'
Chicaso people inspired by the draft card burning at
Sneãpi ¡i'eaäow (NY,'Rpril 1967) formed the Chicago
Ál"u or"ft Resisùance (cADRE). Job.participated in
thèir original Hyde Park locations and helped out at
ittãir Ñriin nvénue office. "Neither fish nor fowl"-as

rl

ii
ll
tl

*

Ð

l

rl
I

iãügf.ttn lynd

I

characterized CADRE, it-was dedi-

ãii.ðtt drafï resistance and öutreach to deserting sol'
diers and sailors. lts clear political tendency was

tì

il

counter-cultural. CADRE founded Alice's Restaurant
liìlh-r't"rp"¿ build Lincoln Avenue's character as a hip

il
I

and vaguelY movement area.
;t

CADRE's printing outfit, OMEGA.is now.oper-

1

ated by WRL people, Dave Fink and Jerry uhurnow'
that
îñutõtàsuls all'thát's left of CADRE ^t9d1v, and
;"ff¡te on the same floor as the National Cau'
àuiãr L"uor Committees is some kind of crazY com'

'l
i

¡;'Ë;

,'l

1

ment.

I

,l
il
rl

lof sisned a WRL peace pledge printed in Peace
News ouiof England'back in the 50's, but only-this
pist year were ÙRL chapters organized in the Chicago
äre. in part a tribute to Brad Lyttle's organizing energy,
tt ÚRt ra¡ttrtul whb, scattered and unrein'
i"ir.d, ttìi¿ "on. They got their act together for the Ap'
ril 15tñ anti'tax demo and were immediately outäin["J by reformists. Coalition politics in Chicago are

¡'iiiiiiõ

I
1

:

l

alwavs a little strange.
is no quesiion that pacifism as a distinct
ootítì"ãimouement is weak in Chicago, especially in
ló anaictr¡sm. The lWW, continuous in Chicago
anarchism'
;'inäi-tOi,I"i b".n the nexus for Chicagopurists
were
iñ it't" f"t" +O's and 50's, old time Wobbly
at
beliefs
and
newspaper
the
ü;Hidonto the historv,
ä++õ Ñ. H"tsted, over a Syrian restaurant' By 196f,
;d"s;'il;bi.w¡ng. Youñg Wobblies shocked their ase

- Tí;*
;;;;;;;i

6 WIN

police"70+ elders by printing up stickers-"abolish the
some
o-ut'
drop
to
students
tcioät
lãlri.ttitísÏieh
""¿ v"r"ge"r cåwd had driftêd out of the Student
äÏìrlã

Þ;;

Ú;ioñ (sPU), mainlv around Roo-sevelt univerthe
i"t.'itl. wouuti"i. thev were fed up bv
""J
öpÜ't eio*¡ng socialist tendencies (e-g',reform. the
state)'
state). avowine the anarcÏiäpiiÀi¡þËttmash the
exchânges
literature
and
conhðts
iî" íivw *ilh"itt fil"t,

rñul

;ñ'iww ;J ånui"nrt organizations throughout the
world
" -ïñ.was a base.
lÚW made a grant-in-aid so the new blood could
r"t ,ó Sotl¿urity

;;.tiùii;;
""Ë;

Boo'kstore. Solidarity functioned as a

ahd public outreach' There were tensions
;;
first. loltre recalls an elderly Wobbly coming
dówn the Tuli Kuferbelg "Fuck for
in
"ídì.ut¡ng
i;åu"L;' õãti.i. But the Wobblies and Solidaritv stuck
toeether. When the old IWW headquarters were torn
åãil. ìloottated out of Libertv Hall on Lincoln at one
until they tried to organize the workers
åitr'rã rj"ir" landlôrd's movie theaters' The Chicago
irivw ì"iãi tt àn had to scurrv to sol¡dar¡tv. To{ay, ¡1'
iiån"iiww has its own ptace (l+zwebster)and Solidar¡ty has folded only to resurrect as The New 5pace
(1509 N. Halsted).
''-Èór a decade, 3olidarity Bookstore was the spawn-

Ã;;;".

South Side address, then arrested him. Joffr:p states he
offered a "nonviolent resistance to the captivity of my
body. I declined to participate in the incarceration of
my body by walking_(or eating, if it came to that,
wtricn ¡t never did). [At the station] l, was kicked in
the stomach. Trying to drag me by the hair caused two
fistfuls of hair to come out-acce.lerating rnygrowing
baldness. Oppedisano pushed me around with a broom,
and posed the toe of his shoe in my groin, threateningly
My slipper shoes came off easily in being dragged
around,'th"
and once, after I had been removed from a bull
pen to
wugon, a shoe tossed after me landêd edge
of heel on the ipint where nose-meets forehead."
Joffre always carries large bagl of literature (poetry,
manuscripts, leaflets, magazines) with him. At Townhall station, the'contents were dumped (a "search").
Some items may have been thrown away, soìhe were
confiscated. Joffre's explanation fon,þis specific presence that night on Lincoln and Fullciton arld Halsted
(the neighborhood where the lWW, New World Resouice Center and Kingston Mines are all located) at'
tracted further attention at the station. A special detec-

tive from Chicago's notorious (supposedly disbanded)
Red Squad wasient to debrief Jof. He waS "51ôiú to
understand" that Joffre could hardly desiribe añi
Abraham Lincoln Brigade event he had heen prevented
from attending.
Joffre was rele4sed the next day, procgssed through ;
Holidary ("Drunk") Court. Quríng the station interro' '
. gation and search Oppedisano opened his police coat
io show Joffre a large button ivith the logo "ltalian
Power." He told .f offre that mpant they werè È_ô!n{to
kill all the Blacks in lllinois. Late in January 1975,the
same cóp stopped Joffre at Belmont and Broadway giving five minutes to get off the street, again ordering him
to stay down on the South Side or face arrest.
As'Joffre reported to the 5R/F Bulletìn (no. 35),
"l have been dragged through such situations since
1949, and f have been beaten up worse' but the form
..

of questions and remarks from.other cops made this
the most racist-sounding I have ever heard: unabashed

racism in att¡tude and expression. Has there been 'prog'
ress' somewhere?

"

. rThere will be, if more people dig in,

inn'niorJiãi í multitudé of further anarchist organizaiìäni,î"-Ñ"*à tttt Anarch ist Horde, An archo' Femin'
iim

an¿ the Chicago Anarchist Black Cross' 4pong

others.
"-'Ãt

recalls the interplay, the Nameless Horde was
nráËu1ãå'uïã ã"nt¡ne.nt of'Chicago people who had
oiled into cars to att"nd un anarchist media c-onference
on
il'Ñlw V"tk.-The Horde consisted mainly of people
Bob
magazine'
(get
Plavbov
this)
ån¿ itorn¿
(catch.their anarchist
öË;;;ã Btb wilsoi-were eäitois
bv Dell;Wiþ ,
paperback
í"Tiäiìå"-'-iøe iltum¡nat¡in
l-orum' team,l'
Playboy
re'read
and
Drugs
ond
son'sSex
Anarcho-Feminism'
19
Wiítán;t ør", Arlõn, originated

lof

;;li;;;

not oñlv lne-Lt.at'bot phìlosophv b¡r.t I
itl¡ng
"g"ìntí
rãté""t tl't. weaknessäs of Women's Liberation' The
lii"r, umimeo magazine editbd by^Arlene Myeri is

basis'
¡iublished on an occasional
A nameless San Diego Wobbly together with some
Hor¿e memUers founded a local Chicago Anarchist
ijtl"f Cioti, linking up with chapters of that world- '
wiãã group.'fhe proiect of supporting and writing. .
öóãn''in oÅut"hists still in prisäñ worked out of Solidar'
itï
'-' and later. the New SPace'
loft" f't¡áself became the òverlap m9lþer and tie to
the Prisoners' Support Group (PSG), which operates
out of the New World Resource Center. New World is
iti äñi¡-Tt p,it¡äl i Jt uoôtüãrè, resou rce ce n ter for I i teralure. films, slideshows and speakers, and political educatioícolleótive. Like Black Cross, the PSG corresponds
with orisoners and does political çducation and demos
c-ross, it is not
;;i;óils;lsir"i. Ùnl¡ke Black
PSG.works for
The
anarchism.
to
;;ä;itãüã;¡"ñt"l

itilt

;;;'ï¿

if'r" iutof ,it" abolition of all "côrrectional" institutions'
fof thinks that goal is great!
On Saturday November 16, 1974, Joffre was artttæä iãi;;uéing a Btack on Lincoln Avenue'" on his
¿" ; uenefiintm for the Abraham Lincoln Brigade
åti¡ú.tiv Hall, lof was stopped by a patrol car' Dennis
õpp.¿irtno (uåáe" no. ígso¡)and his gart¡e¡1f9d,l-gf
for'types of tD he iust doesn't carry: dr¡vers llcense [ardraft card'
õ; ;í1, ñ; waiwatti¡ng), social securitv card,
üe irrówe¿ them whalhe did have. The police iniåitrã r''¡t he should stay down in the vicinity of his

;;i

rì¡l¡ lltf

(}hl4lß*

as

Joffre

has.

rl

I

I

Most Americans are shocked to hear that east of the
Mississippi River;.tltere are over 250'000.lndians-nearbv 1/3 bî the nat¡ons total. lndians are thought to live
¡n tf'! Wttt on reservations; little is known of the
Haliwas of North Carolina, the Narragansetts of Rhode
lsland, the Wampanoags of Massachusetts, and nearly
60 other eastern lndian groups.
Because Eastern lndians are very often too poor to
qualify for housing loans from private sources, their
only rôcourse has 6een to compete for-Department of
Hoúsing and Urban Development (HUD) public subsidized-housing along with countless other needy
Americans;anã because Eastern lndians usually live in
urban or rúral non-reservation areas, have no land base,
and are often scattered and isolated, they have lacked
visibility and consequently have been ignored both by
federal ancl state government. The result is that
few Eastern lndians have obtained public housing or
other housing assistance; most are unfamiliar with
housing appllcation procedures and requirements and
little or nothing is done to aid them.
Until 1974, most of the Eastern lndian groups could
not even qualify for HUD's public housing because
they lacked treåties with the federal government and
*rr'. thrt termed "non-federally recognized." The
three federal agencies providing the bulk of-housing services to lndì-ans-the Bureau of lndian Affairs, HUD,
and the lndian Health Service-chose to aid only
federally recognized tribes-usually Western tribes-in
their housing needs.
This was ãone despite the 1921 Snyder Act specifying that the government had the responsibility to aid
qlt lãdians in tÉe nation, regardless of where they lived
and whether they had a land base. The government's
lack of commitment to all lndian people has been purely an arbitrary decision.
Even federally-recognized lndians have been shortchanged becattse, although public housing legislation
was passed in 1937, federally-recggnized lndians were
not àeclared eligiblê until 1961. And because of income requiremeìts, public housing serves only low and
middle income lndians; the very poor cannot qualify.
Sixty percent of the housing of the federally recognized indians is substandard, and it is said that at the
present rate of government housing improvement it
will take 50 years to provide decent housing for these
tribes.

Statistically, little is known about the housing needs
of Eastern lndians, but poor housing is characteristic
of many tribal groups who have many community
nrembers who are unemployed, underemployed or
economically disadvantaged. Grants providing funds

neecls assessment surveys have been unavailable to
urban and non-reservation lndians unlil1914, so even
the tribes themselves are hard put to present government-acceptable lists of figures of housing defìciencies'
With the exception of 14 federally-recognized tribes
east of the Missiisippi, most tribal communities have
received few funds for community assistance during
this long period since the European invasion of their
lands añd'lives. lt was only in 1973 that over 53
Eastern tribes organized themselves into the Coalítion
of Eastern Nativõ Americans (CENA), and through this
organization they qualifìéd for the first tíme for federal

for

Pat Porter writes on lndian affairs for l4lN, ln the
Februory 2 issue of WtN she reported on the housìng
problems oi,f Jndions living in the West,
8 WIN

o

-3i

o

drinking. The study also stated: 'fThere are quite a
few large families that live in two or three room
houses. Most of our large families consisL of five to 12
people, most of them sleeping in one bedroom."
On the Tonawanda Reservation, also federally'
recognized, over 46% of all surveyed dwellings lacked .
plumbing and more than'22% were without their own I
rort"" of *uter. The Oneidås living on the Onondaga
Reservation lacked inside plumbing in 80% of their
\' .4j
'homes.

hr

Many Eastern lndians live in urban areas; in N.ðw
York State, 80% of the 28,355 lndians live off reservations. Yet little is known about the housing needs of
urban lndians.ln'1972, Grace Thorpe, lndian law r
student and aide to Senator Abourezk of South Da"

he
EASTERN

S

BY Pnr Ponren

-

kota, testified before a Congressional committee:
is criminal the things that ore hoppening to them
(urbon lndians), They have no place to stoy, ¡to place
to sleep, Many of them sleep in cars or 20 or 30 in
one room,
The Housing and Community Development Act of
'.11974 provides funds for housing only.for low and mid'
dle income lndians; however it does include non-reservation and urban lndians for the first time. P,ut since
most Eastern lndian groups lack their own housing
authorities, they must apply for housing through local
or state housing authorities, the same agancies which
previously ignored their needs. HUD will administer
housing programs through local Federal Housing Ad'
ministration insuring offìcials, local people who may
not always prove to be very active advocates of meet'
ing lndian housing needs.
General housing funds for cities may not benefit urban lndians at all. This is because the "new federalism"
block grants (be.gun under ex-President Nixon) have
scarcely any strings attached and can be spentanywhere in cities rather than in specially needy neighborhoods, which previously got special attention through
categorical programs specifying where funds were to be l

It

ì
i

:

spent.

Also, less money will be spent in the large cities
with thp most deteriorated housing such as Baltimore

:,

and New York where many Eastern lndians live. lnstead, the housing needs of cities will be measured ac-

monies which would otherwise have been unavailable
to them because of regulations requiring a certain population or land base.

Now, through both private and federal Srant¡,.
available through new indian set-asides provided in
recent legislatiõn for non-reservation and urban lndian
groups, Èastern tribes are initiating economic, educational, and other projects of:their own choosinS; some
tribesãre even active'in the courts, seeking return of
their trad¡t¡onal lands or redress for other grievances.
For instance, the Wampánoags of Martha'sVineyard,
Mass., are now suing for 250 acres in Gay Head, which

were incorporated iñto the town by the state, illegally
since it wai'done without federal government approval'

CENA is currently applying for a HUD grant for a
housing needs assessment to bè done among its member communities. The housing study would be the
fìrst such comprehensive study ever planned.

What rb known about the Eastern tribal housing
situations is ttlat Eastern lndians share the plight of
, other rural Americans who dwell in 2/3.of the substandard housing in the US. One out of evèry five US
rural houses is over-crowded or lacks plumbing. And
yet there is no government subsidized public housing
available for onyone in 50% of the US counties. Rural
areas'rece¡ve only 15% of all federal housing grants
and loans, according to Senate Committee testimony

in1974.
Even the Eaitern federally-recognized tribes have
severe housing needs although they receive some
federal housing assistance. Accord ing to a 197 4 study
by New York State's Office of Planning Services, on
the Sr Regis Reservation, 460 housing units out of

the 474 surveyed weie found to be substandard; only
14 of the 474 homes had running water and an indoor
bathroom.
Also on St. Regis, 85% of the water wells were
. found to contain bacteria making them unsafe for

,)

cording to overcrowding rather than actual physical
deterioration of dwellings, thus enabling relatively welþ '.
preserved but crowded cities to gain, additional funds
which were previously used by the large cities. The Act
is a political ploy. lt claims to give power to local
elected officials, supposedly more responsive to local
housing needs than federal personnel in Washington,
But in reality, the Act will take funds from the most
needy urban areas which are'lar$èly Democratic and"
liberal to give them to the smaller cities, trad¡tionally':
Republican and conservative areas.
Actually, the housing situation ¡n the US has
reached critical proportions as a result of government
bungling."Last year's housing act did little to rectify '
the complex problems. "Housing in the Seventies,"
the current housing policy manual of the Nixon-Ford
administrations, found that the nation's housing programs are characterized by "internal inconsistencies,
numerous duplications, cross-purposes, and overlaps as

:
.::

.'

:,

,

well as outright conflicts and gimmickry."
For lndíans, the nation's poorest group economically, things may even get worse than they are unless the
government becomes more responsive to lndian housing needs and does so quickly.

5v

wtN

I

..,

$TÄTEOF SIEGE, CITYOTSIEGE *
(THE V¡ETNAMIZATION OF DURHAM, NORTH

i

CAROI-INA)

BY ilIarh Phtshy
The eight,burly Latin American pollce officials squeeze
lnto the elevotor, followed by their interpreter and o
guide, Officer Ronnie Masingale of the Durhom, NC,
Polìce Department. Maslngole mashes the lowest but-

including torture and summary e¡ecutions. The
former lndianapolis police offcer was himself interrogated and, finally, executed.

ton on the ponel, morked "G", ond the elevator drops
from the fìrst floor to the underground garage, The
doors gllde open, and then shut, as the patrolman lnser:ts a láey lr¡to the panel and turns it, sending the
elevator down one more level, not indtcated on the
control panel, The forelgn police offìciols, port of o
lorger group from the lnternatlonol Police Academy
(lPA), run by the IJS State Deportment's Agency for
I nter not io na I D eve lo pm e nt (A I D ), fo I I cw Offì cer

think Srøre of Slege was.a very good movie. Dan
Mítrione was his friend and a student at the IPA while
'Kindice wai a senior instructor there. When the film
opened in Washington, DC, Kindice went to see it
with a g¡oup of his IPA colleagues, and the verdict

'Massìngale

\

lnto the suberraneon Emergency Communicotions Center, the pride of the Durhom Police
Depørtment, Fïnonced by more thon $300,000 ln
federal funds from both the Laù Enforcement Asslstance Act (LEAA) and the Offlce of Ctvil Defense, the
Center is pocked full of the latest computers, aonsoles

and highly sophisticated commun lcotlons equlpment,
with lighted mops of the county linìng the walls, The
cen t er's t er m i na I s con n ect I t, t h ro ug h "q u e ry' ca po ilt y, "
wìth the FBI's dota bonks, the Notìonol Cri¡rtlnal lnformation Center (NCIC) and Computerizçd Criminal'History (CCH), os well as inpqt tg the Not¡onol Low Enforcement Teletype System (NLETS} Accordlng to
the brochurè honded out to the visltors, the Center also feotures "sleeping guorters, cooklng facilltles, tollet
ond both facllltles,nnd a two bed lnfïrmary. Emergency
electricol power ls provlded and there is also o woter
suppty seþerote fróm Ctty uttlttiès," There ore, Ìn additlon, facllttles for radlotlon decontominatlon, As all
thls:is transloted into Sponish for the IPA visìtors, they .
smlle and nod opprovlngly, But lt ls not untll they ore
led lnto the orms room of the pollce deportment, ll7ed
wlth rocks of Remington outomatic .12 guoge shotguns,.grenode launchers and ossorted outomatic weopons do their eyes light up behìnd'their sunglasses, '
Perhaps the most òompelling aspect of the fìlm Srøre
of Siege by the dir:ector Costa:Gavras was the meJding

of fact and fiction. The film depicts the 1970 kidnap'
ping of US AID otrcial Dan Mitrione by Tupamaro
guerrillas in Uruguay. Mitrione, a graduate and later an
instrqctor at the lnternational Police Academy, was
serving as a Public Safety Adv¡soi in Latin America
when he was kidnapped by the guerrillas¡ who claímed
that he was involved in counter.insurgency programs,
Mork Plnsky ls a freelance writer who lìves ln Durham.
'10 w¡N

Jon Kindice, Durham's new police chief, didn't

was unanimous.

"Pêrsonally, I knew the man. Personally I worked
in the programs and when someone comes and tells
me that you've been engaged in teaching torture or
techniques or this type of a thing, I do h4ve to get a
little angry. Because I was the one who was doing
they weren't. . . ln my opinion, the movie was a total
and complete preVarication of the existing situation.
The portrayal of Dan Mitrione did him dishonor and
the United States dishonor. . .lt was desþicable."
Like Mitrione, J,on Kindice joined the Agency for
lnternational Developr¡ent after a brilliant career )n :¡
law enforcement. He was, at 30, an acting captainthe second highest civil service rank-in the Sacra'
mento County, Cal. Sheriff's Department, where he
was the only officer in the 600-member.department
trained (at his own exþense) ín the operation of a
polygraph. After trai¡ing at the lPA, Kindice was sent
to Quang Ngai Province, South Vietnam, in 1967,
where he served as AID Public Safety Advísor to the
province's civilian rural police. During his service, 350
civilians were massacred at My Lai, located in his district. Kindice says "l heard nothing about it." He also
visited the infamous Con Son lsland príson, on vacation, but says that*re knew nothing of the nótorious
"tiger cage" cells. An{, in 1968, he yas involved
the CIA-sponsored "Opelation Phoenix," aimed at
disrupting the Víet Cong infrasffucture in the country-

Jon Klndlce, pollc€ chlef of Durham, Photo þy Russell Rlgsbee.

more a reading of material that came through and not

direct participation. "
Still, he cannot manage to leave the subject. "From
my standpoint ag advisory to the province chief,.a
dead, high-iirfrastructure individual is of no worth to
you from the standpoint of inforrhation. . . lt was

it-

in

side.
---ìii

*.r

,

there when they developed it, as a mattér of
says of Phoenix with famíliarity, adding
that, as an advisor to the provincial police chief he
"saw Amerícan portions of directives and translations
of the Vietnamese," since "local provincial police
were called on to gather information.l
But as questioning on the subject continues, citing
the est¡mated 20-40,000 assassinations duríng the
course of the program, he begins to back off. "l read
a lot of this stuff about Phoenix and this assassination
business and maybe there is Þome truth to it. There
certainly
may be. . .My association with Phoenix was
'\l

fact," Kindice

.much better to isolate them. .,-{b far as assassination
was conceined in Quang Ngai, l-know of no specific
directives and. attempts to do so. . . My participation
was civil law énforcement."
Kindice says that in.his two years of service in Vietnam he was never present during the irïterrogation of
any prísoners and knew of not a single case of the
:physical abuse of detainees. Nor did he ever know of
a single American he kne¡V td be a member of the ClA,
qualifying that statement by saying, "Bear in mind I
was pretty young and pretty naive from the stand-

'

point of overseas experience."

'

;

Jon Kindice is a short, stocky, somewhat vain man,
who combs his blond hair'across a high, balding pate.
At 38, he fooks and sound3 more liké a genial Hollywood actor than a popular new chief of police. "l
hate to blow my own horn (but) I think I can honestly say I was considered in the Saçramento Sheriff's
department one of.the better interrogators. . .we had
.. .l had a knack for interrogations."
The chief is a seÍf-made man. He began college at
Sacramento St¿te as an operatic tenor and French
horn major, switching over to a law enforcement
major only in his senior year, after, economic difücul'
ties had forced him to give up full time attendance.
Kindice finished school at night, while working a 40
hour week with the sheriff's department. Rising rapidly.through the ranks,,he receivéd the state of California's speõial riot control training in addition to his lie
detector course.
Asked about his military service, he is somewhat
ælf-conscious about being of an age whereby he was

too young to serve in Korea and too old to serve in

Vietnam. (ln California he was a member-of a Naval
Rêsorve unit.) So, he recalls, looking aheàd to 35 more
years in the sheriff's department w¡th only one grade
of advancement left, he signed on with AlD, specifying Vietnam service in 1966. Looking back today, he,
is certain he made the right decision. While in Vietnam, he wai¡ advisor to the head of the NAtional Police i
'
and the Ministry of the.lnteri*or, and he directed a
church choir that included then Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker. One óf his maih assignments at the
Ministry of lnterior was to réorganize the prÕcëdUÊ"
for issuing and renewing visas fõr non-miliiary for- rÎ'
eigners, including journalists, but he recalls nothing
about the expulsions and non-renewals by the
ministry while he was setting up and implementing ¡
the system now in use.
Following his Vietnam service, Jon Kindice spent
two years on the faqulty of the lnternational Police
-.Academy teaching foreign police officials, after which
he was posted to Jamaica (as part of AID's Diúg Enforcement Administration, which,has also been accused of acting as a CIA front) where he spent another
two y'ears as chief public safety adviso[ to the US missiön thêre, specializing in narcotics contiof. Briefly,
just before taking the chief's iob inpurham, Kindice,
returned to Southeast Asia in '197!, to help in","winding dor,tin" and "assessing" the success of US AID
programs to the Tha¡ National Police, Next to breaking up student street demonstrations and guarding US
military installations, the main job of the 84,000
member police force is to control heroin production
and export.Kindice's boss-and one of those most instrumental in
his hiring is Lieuteñant Colonel Esai Berenbaum (US
Army, Ret.), Durham's Director of Public Safety.
Berenbaum, 49, was an infantry offìcer in Nha Trang,
Vietnam, from 1965 to '1966, serving as assistant
chief of staff in the ll Corps headquarters, where he
specialized in "civil affairs/community relations." Before and after his Vietnam service Berenbaum was on
the staff and faculty of the J FK Center for Special
''Warfare at Ft. Bragg, NC, teaching "in the economic
and political area." He was alsd an ROTC professor at
Pratt lnstitute in Brooklyn, NY.
Berenbaum saw action in Europe as a young enlisted
man in WW ll and later had combat duty as a juniór officer in the Korean War. Between wars, he graduated
from Georgetown University, where he did so well in
ROTC that he was offered a regular army commission.
Despite not being a West Point graduate, he later attended US Army Command and General Staff College
and, while stlll in the military, earned a m'asters' de-

'it

'

.

.t

';

gree in political science from Çqtu.rnbia University.'ln

ihe 1950's, Berenbaum held rnilitary liaison posts in .'
France, Germany and ltaly. He retired from the ârmy ;:'

in'1968 and, after an interim job with American University and some municipal training at the University
of North Carolina, he was hired as Durham's assistant
city manager¡ before assuming duties as director of public safety in 1971.
Lt. Col. Berenbaum resembles a 19th century,
'Eastern European cavalry officer: tanned, finely
chiseled face, high cheekbones and a clípped black
moustache. His speech is equally clipped, and resonant.
He is far more wary thãn Chief l(indice, choosing his
words more carefully, speaking formally-at times as if
he is reciting orders from memory.
He went to Vietnam as part of the fìrst buildup of
US ground combat forces in 1965. His assignment, he

:

wtN ll

i
says, was to "maintain daily contact

(ll

of war camp for the I Corps areâ" just outside Da

with public

Nang. Asked about the prison on Con Son lsland, just.
"l was involved
about the design of the camp
in the initial
out there but"onv"rtutiôn
I never saw it and of course was nof
directly associated.-" Later in the conversation he withdraws further, saying only that he was "told about itf '
and that another mifitary advisor with US AID was in
charge of civilian institutions.
Robbins provides a sharp physical contrast to Lt.
Col. Berenbaum, with his white hair and salt and pepper mustache. He speaks in a deep, rich mellifluous
voice, heavy with a Deep South accent from his childhood and college years in Alabama. He says that while
in Vietnam he was never present during the interroga'

Corps), to direct efforts designed to'maintain smooth working relationships between the military and the civilians in the
area. . ." Simplified, whai that meant was "interpreta'
tion of American policy as it pertained to civilians. . .
lf there were problems arising between the Vietnamese community and American troops, I was interested."
Much of the t¡me this meant paying off villagers for
damage done by drunk Gl's. Berenbaum recalls that he
worked most closely with US.AID personnel.
Back at the JFK Center at Ft. Bragg, then cailed
the lnstitute for Military Assistance, Berenbaum returned to.teaching military ànd civilian officials from
Th¡rd Woild countries the "theory and practice of running responsible government.l'The thrust of his course
was teaching the officers how to "maintain stability
and still remain within the concepts of the pol¡.t¡cal
theories that most of us here in the US haVe been
brought up with." Occasfonally¡ he says, groups'fror¡
the lñternational Police Academy would visit the JFK
Center for "a few days of training."
It was during this time, in the late 1960's, that
Berenbaum'decided to leave the military. "lt bêcame
apparent to me the longer I taught that we were perhãþs teaching them thiñgs that we weren't really applying ourselvet too often."
After the tape recorder is shut off, Berenbaum, in
response to no particular question, launches in.a discussion of the bad press the military has been getting
in recent years. He talks about rumors of the teaching
of torture, advice to prospective coup'makers and says
it is a bum rap. "l taught democracy and comrnunity
development. We had officials who were socialists. We
didn't teach against socialism. lt,wasn't reflexive anticommunism.'iOne of the strongest biases Berenbaum
had to overcome after ret¡ring from the military was
the widespread feeling that all military officers suffered

op¡n¡on informers in this aiea

\

off the coast of I Corps, Robbins said

tion of a prisoner or astreet demonstr¿tion, adding
forcefully, "l myself ,have never been involved or witnessed anything that could be dêscribed as brutality tb
a prisóner of war."
After a one year tour in Vietnam, Lt. Col. Robbins
returned to the US. Like Lt. Col. Berenbaum, Robbirts
was not a West Point graduate, but attended General
Staff College and received his masters degree in busi'
ness statistics from the University of Alabama. He was
subsequently assigned to the Computers Systems Command and attached to the Provost Marshaj's office in
Washington, DC. There, in 1970, his official biography
notes, he "directed the entire program for production
of crime statistics for the US Army and designed the
world-wide automated Military Police Manågement
System." lncluded among the components of this sys'
tem, along with routine crime and motor vehicle
registration information, were "reporting and verify'
ing desertion or individuals classified as deserters" as
well as "physical security systems" for þases. His last
Eial Beronbaum, Dlrector of Publlc Safety' Photo by

.Russell Rlgsbee.

from a "martinet mentality."
The latest addition to the Durham Police Department
is Lieutenant Colonel William Robbins (US Army,
Ret.), who became the department's chief of auxiliary
services the f¡rst week in November, immediately following his retirement from the army. Like Lt. Col.
Berenbaum, Robbins, 47,was a young enlisted man at
the close of WW ll, serving in the navy in the Pacific.
After graduating from Florence (Ala.) Sqate University
he ioined the army, specializing in mìlitarylolice work.
in Europe, at
'During the 1950's he too was stationed
1961
was sent to
in
and
headquarters,
military
'ATO
Korea. On two occasions he was dispatched to his na'
tive Alabama in an offcial capacity, when his unit was
sent to handle civil rights demonstrations in 1963 and
1965, for the Selma-Montgomery March. Also in 1965,
Robbins' unit was sent to the Dominican R-epublic
where he says, "my military police battalion manned
the roadblocks. . .l was commander of the battalion
in Santo Domingo." (Two years later, while he
still in Vietnam, Robbins'old unit, the 503rd MPwhich saw quite a bit of action throughout the 1960'swas mobilized for duty at the '1967 Pentagqn demon'
stration and in 1968 returned to Washington following
the assasSination of Martín Luther King, Jr,)
Lt. Col. Robbins went to Da Nang,'Vietnam in
1967 assenior"advisor to the South Víetnamese Military in I Corps. There he advised hís Vietnamese coun'
terpart on "typical military policq problems that you
would find with any military police unit," although his
duties did include serving as "advisor to the prisoner

was

,

12 WIN

:

t

#

project was supervising a cooperative agreement between the Provost Màrshal General's office"and the
FBI to pool the military's computer system with the
FBI's Project SEARCH (Systems for Electronic Analysis and Retrieval of Criminal Histories), which later
gave way to NCIC and CCH.
lr is Lt. Col. Robbins' background in computerization that was the strongest factor in his faüôr when he
'applied to Lt. Col. Qerenbaum for his present position,
as he is now in charge of reorgánizing the city's police
records system,.with an eye toward completè automa-

tion, pending.an assistance grant from LEAA.
After any war, both the military and the government
bureaucracy terid to "draw down." Captains, majors
and lieutenant'cblonels iee that they are ndt goíng to
become generals; foreign service officers see that they

will never hold down

a State Department desk or an

ambassadorship. So they get out a¡{ look for different
work in a related field, one option'ilcollege teaching,
though not all jobs in a university involve teaching. At
Duke University, in Durham, the secretary of the university is a former FBI agent who, during the 1960's,
súpervised a local network of çampus informers that
was uncovered in :1967. The director of Duke's campus
security is also a retired FBI agent, and yet another
retired army colonel, who specíalized in both Asian intell¡gence and domestic intelligence in Noith Carolina,
is director of campus security at East Carolina University ín Greenville, NC. Traditionally, retired military
officers were inclinéd toward private industry, often
with those companies handling large military contracts.
Those officers who went into state and local government usually ended up in jobs like Civil Defense

coordinators (Durham County has yet another.retired
ofrcer in this slot) or advisors on veterans affairs; North
Carolina's Secretary of Veteranq' and Military Affairs
is Bríg. Gen. John J. Tolson,.US Army, Ret., former
commandant of Ft. Bragg with Vietnam experience.
According to Pentag'on figures, 100,000 officers, a
majority of whom were under 50 years old, have'
retired from all branches of the service since 1 968. A
survey conducted in "1972by the Retired Officers Association (ROA), a Washington based, all-service organization with over 200,000 members, indicated that :
nearly 30% of those responding were in federal, state
or local government work. The Association serves as a
matchmáker and clearinghouse for retired and retiring
offcers looking for a second career. Two'of its successful matches were Lt. Col. Berenbaum and Lt. Col. Robbins. LieutenantColonel Maurice Lien (US Air Force,
Ret.), who is on the staff of the ROA agreed that there
is a trend toward retirees going into civil and public administration. Retired officers, he says, "are naturals for
moving into such positions." The single most valuable
attribute the retiree brings, said Lien, is "maturity," a
word echoed by Kindice, Berenbaum and Robbins.
And, Durham notwithstanding, many more military
retirees take.jobs as city managers to small towns than
become public safety directors or police oficials in
larger cities.
(Of course, some of these "second careers" are of
more concern than others. Both James McCord and E.
Howard Hunt were retired CIA men who went into
government servióe. Robert Kiley, a retired CIA man
credited with subverting student organizations in the

1960's, is now deputy mayor of Boston. Alexander
Butterfield, who was in charge of the \,Vhite House taping system before moving, briefly, to the FAA, is a
retired Air Force colonel.)

Will¡am Robb¡ns, chief of aux¡tiary servlces. pho.to by
Rus.sell R¡gsbeê

Given the state of the ndtion and the state of the
world during the period in which they served, and
their length of servíce, there is nothing out of the

i.'

ordinary in the Durham Three's training-combat, ' -'
police administration, drug abuse control and civil dis- " ?
'order-'or their seryice in Southeast Asia, the Caribbean .:t ,
ãná th"ui- itilt, ih"ru are a few disconáerting aspects 'it:'i:;
of the presence of Kindice, Berenbaum and Robbins | ':
in Durham. All three volunteered for Vietnam service
and none are visibly scarred by the experience. They
appear, in fact, to be among the few winners in a
losers'war. They provided the "middle inanagement"
bf the war machine; thè clean hands technocrats. When í
not advising or training foreiln bùreaucrats in the " . .
mechanics of remaining in power, their day to day
duties involved the policing of the byproducts of
'"'' '
alienated young people:,alcoholism, drug abuse, desertion and civil disorder
Not one voiced a single word of regret or remorse : '
for what was done to the Vietnamese people in the
course of the.war. Despite the highly political nature
of their respective jobs and their proximity,to knqwn
abuses ãnd atrocities, they deny not only direct participation, but any knowledge of any single act of
wrong doing in the treatment of Vietnamese civilians
or Viet Cong/PRG/NVA soldiers. Listening to them is
like listening to defense summation in a multidefendant
Watergate trial: something happened all right, but nobody did it.
WIN 13

A Tall

Tale

about
Trees

I

"open season" on trees for the sake of the economy.
They were ioined by some labor leaders, including
97.year-old George Meany, who left a sick bed-to call
for'quick action; his long'time aide Alexander Barkan
came out of retirement from AFL'ClO politics in order to blast what he called "the sentimental attitudes
of a bunch of tree-loving queers."
ln response to mounfing pressure, the President an'
nounced in a State of the Union message that "a
balance must be struck between conservation and
economic responsibility," and later in the week he
sent details of his proposal to Congress. The bill
provided,for systematic elimination of trees in the US
and cooperative countries' (with the exception of

\rr/¿rcHNc

When Shamberg and Rosenbaum traveled out to
the west coast for a meeting with the i:prqfèaJfénals,"
thev were instructed to travel under;tfirçñâmes of Mr.
J.E. Ray and Mr. A Bremer, a provocationìhat doesn't
strike me as lhe modus operandi of the Weather: people.
It is pure and traditional
ì

TH€ Asuie SHow

't'v'e (nown Abbie since 1967,'and his year-long absence
has been for me and so many of his friends a pãitrfut,
experience. lt has been a year in which Jane Rtpert_1

.

quit the underground, disillusioned with its life-style

several thousand square miles of "tree sanctuaries" in
a number of Western states, as well as Federally-funded

outdoor "tree museums" in over 2,000 localities in
North America). "ln this way," the President told a
press conference, "we will.preserve f_or posterity nature's wonders while providing iobs for American
working people and their chilãien and grandchildren'" ,
After months of often-heated debate, Congress approved the Adm¡n¡stration bill after amending it to
for 3,500 tree museums instead of the original
j brovide
hgure of 2,000. The President criticized the final bill
al'tinflationary" but decided'to sign it "in the interests
of expediting the.improvçment of the economic pic'
ture for all Americans."
A follow-up Administration bill, passed two years
latei'by Congress, provided for'a Toreigri economic
policy aiming at global "de-treeing," which the Secre'

iarv óf State desèribed

norman
solomon

\

"

There are those who objected.of course, because
progress displaces parts of the past for everyone. A
few years earlier the whole notion would have been
unthìnkable, and impossible. But the elimination of
wild trees-once a hot Èolitical issue-gradually be'
came accepted as a rational though unfortunate
response to social conditions.
For years hope had been maintained that trees'
could be spared. They enhanced the environmen!,
some people said, and they should be protected for
ecological as well as aesthetic reasons. But others
pointèd out that trees were a luxury which t!9 na'
iionat and global economy could no longer afford;
clean air was frequently cited as a precedent. A turn'
ing point in the national political debate came whenon the heels of a worsening paper and wood shortageoil, electricity and natural gas prices rose-above even
the inflated costs of wood for home n-eatíng.
Another pivotal point in the battle over tree.
policies came as unemployment figures in.the US
ieached 200/0. "Purist Noturolism or Jobs, " one widelyplaced Chamber of Commerce advqrtisement had
itated, "Wh¡ch Do You Prefer?" Corporate officials in
wood-related industries blamed lay'offs on the wood
shortage, and called on the governmênt to declare

I-!-

Æ
.r¿ wtñ

Ñ-*ro,

|

'

Solomon works at Edcentric magazine ond

frequently contributes to

JUIN.'

as

"international parity." Using

the law as authorization, the President met with
leaders of eight other maior powers in Vienna, where
a joint communique announced afilaty qhich provided for the gradual elimination of trees from the nations represen-ted (except for historic sites) as well as a
policy persuading Third World countries to ioin in the
effori. (lnvestigaaivê newspaper reports'later revealed
that State Department offcials had distributed to-sum¡
mit participants copies of a hush-hush study which
showed that de-treeing would be a serious blow to
most guerilla organizations, with the exception of
those ¡n the Middle East; d¡str¡bution of the study
reportedly had the effect of increasing the scope of
the summ¡t accord.)
Speakinglo the nation upon landing at Andrews I
Air Force Bàse, the President hailed the summit a.greement as "a maior step in international understanding.
and unity-oné which will ensure that this nation will
remain sirong." The President also announced that
synthetic wood had been perfected through secret
govern ment-sponsored research, and- the new d iscovery
úas certain to allay fpars about the future;-he cited re'
seüctr stàtistici prôvíng that produçtion of svnthetic
wood in factories would be far möre inexpensive than
the old-fashioned method of growing and cutting
down trees.
There was some concern expressed through the na'
tion's media that the government's anti-tree policy
would further dehumanize citizens through increasing
.their alienation from nature. This concern eventually
died down (although it still was heard from time to
t¡me ¡n ul¡:à-l¡beral and way-out þublications), and
Americans were encouraged by offcial agencies to inVolve themselves in maintaining the nation's 3,500
tree museums and the rural tree sanctuaries; due to
demand, visits to tree sanciuaries required reservations
and maximum visits of 48 hours per week. "l go here,'f
one old-timer told Tlme Magazine, "to knock on wood."

Yippie.

A LongJear

and people, and is now said by her prosecutor to be
"cooperating." Just,a day before the Abbie show,
Eldridge Cleaver appeared on Mike Wallace's Sxry
[l4inutes and, seeming olcier and sadder, recanted Îis
belief in destroying the American system. Naturally,
we were all concerned with how Abbie was holding up,
'

STEW ALBERT

Abbie Hoffman is the first North American revolutionary to go underground and talk aUol¡l n¡s adventures
in a tv press conference. This should not come as a
surprise, since Abbie was a fôunder of the Yippies,
and a man always devoted to media myth-building as a
vital aspect of cultural and political revolution. He has
never been content to surrender the entire "global village" and'its livìng rooms to such mìrltínational corporate icons as E¡:ic Severeid and Hoúard K. Smith.
The interview wai conducted by Ron Rosenbaum
'and filmed in color by Michaél Shamber:g of TVTV, a
video-tape production group. lt provided us with 60
minutes which were both ,remarkable and'tedious. Ab.
bie wore a wig and, so he said, a putty nose; he was,
ín this unusr¡alfashion, disguised as himself and
satirizing one of our most sacred possessions-identity.
'
It yas a mixture, in equal parts, of Lenny Bruce.and
Bakunin, the Russian anarchist.
But as theater, the show as dampened by the TWV,
_
,who was determined to subjecteúery one of Abbie,s
words to_a positivist microscope and to separate myth

from reality..
An extended interview with Shamberg, who seemed
determined to prove he was a more relevãnt and intelligent fellow than Abbie, was a total lod3. lt was a matter of pleasurable irony that Shamberg had to pay Ab.

whether he maintained his old optimism and h'is se-nsË
that with enough chutzpoh everything was possible.
He said he is now a member of a revolutionary
"family"-a mixture of political fugitives, overground
activists, and those in-between."'l am ieeing an incredible show," he added. "l have a-great seat. My
fantasy is, even if the charges are diópped, I'nr,not gó.
ing back."
"l think we suffer from the Fifties, and perple are
still afraid to say they're communisti," Abbiecontinued. He expressed the need for a secret organization whích can "do anyth¡ng from being a foõd
conspirac¡ to pulling off a,rent strike, to bombing a ,
building, to kidnapping somebody.'
Abbie The Outlaw

r

My feeling is that if Abbie wasn't still calling for
"revolution for the hell of it,t' ¡" was, at miñimum;
saying revolution was adventurous and that, althoúgh
' at times diffcult, it could still be great fun. What's
more, the Yíppie non-leader seems to believe genuinely his words. þe appeared to.be at peace both-in mind

and body,
Just to inake sure, I phoned Sue and Marty Carey,
two old friends of Abbie's from his high school dayi;
who worked with him in establishing borh rhe Diggei
and Yippie movements on the Lower east Side ofñew

r

bie $2500 for the interview. lncongruously, th'e ólosing
credits told us the show was "made possibiè by funds provided by the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations."
Rosenbaum's version of the interview appears in
New Tlmes Magazlne, and his fascination with Abbie's
intellect and performance makes it an enjoyable piece
of journalism. Ron corne! across as a likeable freak,
and he had to pay Abbie just five hundred bucks.
Who Are the Professíonals?

r

,

The ínterview took place in a panelled room decorated
with posters of Ho, Mao, Patty Hearst, Lenin, and
Geronimo. Neither the interviewers nor Abbie knew
where the room is; they were all brought there blindfolded by a mysterious, revolutionary organization
referred to as "professíonals.l'
When asked if it's the ',Weather Underground,,t
Hoffman replied, "l'll have to t¿ke a rainc-heck on that
question." But Abbie did praise the book p¡oirte Ftre,
'
clandestinely. pub.lished last summer by thri Weather
Underground, as "the most valuable theoretícal contribution êver to come out of the left in the united
Statès."
Stew Albert wos there when the Ylppigs were founded
in t 967. He now llves tn Hurley; NY,

York in the mid-60's. lf anyboòy could see through
anything false in Abbie's mannei, it would be them.
"lt was wonderful seeing him again," Susan said
enthusiastically, "he was so calm.and clear about his
ideas. People always underestimated Abbie's intelligence, they thought he was very funny, but they never
realized how carefully he planned thinþs orit. He was.
always fast, but he planneT, and nq.w h-e isn't hiding'
" ¡

'

chaiacter."'

,

that side of his
l'm surethis wonrt be the last we'll hear from Abbie
Hoffman. He is doing what he does better than anyone
else, creating hopeful myths for Americans who liúe
outside the narrow ideological confines of the left, but
who want to belìeve they can change their lives and
that revolution'is possible. He helpi maintain our faith
in outlaws.
ÁUÚ¡à ãoutd have used his rime ro develop a more
thorough political analysis of our America in its current state of absolute chaos and collapse.
But his strength lies in his capacity to push beyond
analysis into new activities, actions, and images, which
cause all of us to reexamine our assumptions and even
our most prized theories. He's done it again, and on
television. Abbie is back.

j

'

wlN T5

È&"-r¡ 'i:
cause I realized that what pacifism was saying was-that
ev'en for o
ä*ãt . miit"ke to resort to military powerpac-ifism,
the
moralislic
my
was
ended
¡uü *ut ì. What
iàndency to look upon others as "imnioral" for resortinäiöuilrr.n.e to li'berate themselves. l',saw that paci '

.-å'

:'#fu,

ä;"Ñ;ñ;thi.

,a\

IF

-'

;-F

ofiou";that it tended'to transcend.

ifrãt.'i¿.ir

ieemed new and fresh tòme, b-ut the.y

tr,oliã¡;t ñiue. Gandhi had expressed thèm often' 'qlt
be cowardlv;'
í;b;õ; ió ieiistev¡t with violence than to detect
moral'
Nãver in Gandhils writirtg can o¡e
isiiJiunsur" of those who resorted.to violence to secure'
ir¡t¡¿r.'Ãit he said was that nonviolence was the better
wav. All he said was that the greatest bravery was to ac'
..pt iufetittg, rather than to lnflict suffering while rq

il*iA'

sisting evil.

are some of the thoughts that led me-to be'.
a thorough
g truth that
p"ihaps'uesu¡
bl
indin
the
bv
ted'
.'ñit¡ ii:"ó.

BRADFORD LYTTLE

Th--ese

I

¡uuä:

ä"tìiáãi t¡onat, cl assic pic ifrsm. lgeq:

v I azv'.Th ev m i s
oversimplifications'
in
revel
rõôis.
tt'ey
in.it
åkr
*'"P;;',forh
ãàp.n¿t'on denying the possibility of a
¡t. Rather, pacifism depends on sug'
¿ouUt
iust war."-l
mái ue an insufficient end'
it'"i

ä;i;'ilft,ìäã¡Ttit:6t.ome
L"liiäã

"átã¿

men tal

I

¡rtt¡..

"Pacifism mbans that good ends cannot- be achieved

¡u úiJ-m""ns.i' I doubtihat, too. Facts denyìt' What

;.;nseãoe; that make to prisoners of the Con Son tiger
láäái. tãiãtitil released bv soldiers of the NLF?- obfot." achieved for them release from aþ
;d;;i".
suffering; it achieved almost the
úi'ittginable
rãii
sreatest sooã that they could understand'
õôrnett senseith¡s conflict for classical paci
fists wfren fre writes in the 511 l7 5 issue of WlN, "The
;i;#;i;iiuät"iion foriesj in cambodia and Vietdam
on.u again that armed might is effective and
"rã*i disc-þline enioined upon civilians as well as
of
mii¡ö'il;;áñ"äi, u"ót"¿ bv lhe ultimate sanction
ä"ürt ít'"rãrtive.Îhese are not the lessons that paci'
armed
il;ïå;¿h.; ióm st"t.t the obvious fact, thatgoes
on to
fãrce was effêctive in Vietnam. But then he
What
facl
obvious
that
iãv+täipãt¡nsis
-iàãËtr don't teach
iñun if not the facts? ln the 20ttt
pä¡üt
not going to embrace viewpoints
are
õill*y,-p""ple

;ñå

"-i;r

.*.È

-tñl;;.

il

t
.1i

SOSTRE SENTENCED

TO 0.4 YEARS
On June 3 Martin Sostre was sentenðê&
in Clinton County Court, Plattsburgh,
NY to an indetermiñate 0-4 years in
prison for assaulting three prison
guards in May, 1973: Sostre is presently serving 25-30 years on a frame-up
drug charge arising out of his political
activity in Buffalo, NY.
Before passing sentence Judge
Robert Feinberg, fulfilling his aggressive promise to tell people just what
.kind of man Sostre really is, characterized Sostre as "schizophrenic,
paranoid and violence-prone," and
said he would go to any lengths to
change the rules so they suited hiin.
During his harangue 10-1 5 of Sostre's
supporters in the packed courtroo,m
. walked out in protest.
During the morning session Dennis
Cunningham, $ostre's co-laryyer, argued
that the verdict be set aside because the
trial had been illegal from its inception.r;
The charges against Sostre had been

resistance.

hard at the notion of iustice' Were. thlVietn.måié lìtoir.ri¡onaries iustifie-d in their struggle? The.y
arme-d.struggle?
äñ¡ õ ú:wirè ttteí iustified inwere'
Well then,
had to confess that I thought they
wasn't, be
it
pacifisml
¡¡o
of
my
rn¿
lñ.
iñ.ï
|]ilú

!

,

êóntlnuetl ón Pågc.22

CITY LAYOFF CRISIS
PROMPTS WALL
STREET RALLY.

US Court of Appeals, later

upheld the order requiring advance
'ClA review, but sent the case back to ',
the distfict court to r,eview the particular deletions. Now, over the dissenting vote of William O. Douglas, the
Supreme Court has chosen !o leave the
appeals court ruling intact,
The result of the court's refusal to
hear the case, said March.etti's lawyer,
ACLU attorney Mel Wolfé, "is to
l
dorse for the f¡rst t¡me ¡n the nation's ì
history a formal system of censorship

Tire biggest Wall Street rally in which
I ever have participated took place
)une 4 in front of the First National
City Bank Building. Thefé were some
12,000 participants, most of them"
members of ;unions representing the

en-

city workers-including cops and firemen-but some from various radical
groups. Bent Adresen, WRL, executive committee member, Tony Vènto
and I were among the WRLers there.

over government employees and to

was'iilegal; the court had suppressed
evidenqe concerning the legality of the
rectal examination in Clinton Prison
(the assault charges grew out of Sostre's
reiistance to a rectal exam). Cunningham's detailed argument merited only
cursory responses from a judge and DA
who had worked as cohorts and knew

SUPREME COURT
LETS STAND CIA CENSOR.
SHIP OF EX.AGENTS

"procured," he said, by unkncwn persons within the prison or judicial system; the jury pool in Clinton County

There is a dire need for moneY for
Sosfiels lawYers. lf You can spare a
ãonation to carry on the work towafds
iãrir"'t release, please send it to: Pots'
ãain-Canton Martin Sostre Defense
fun¿,,4o* 526, Potsdam, NY 13676'
Joel Ray

'-"iiää'r,î¿

The 4th

'enshrine the CIA's notion of national
secqrity into law."
Union spokespersons addressing the
The government claims that'the onmeeting were enthusiastical ly cheêred
ly issue involved is whether Marchetti
when they announced that their par.
must honor a promise he made to the
ticular. union was taking direct action
CIA when he worked there that he
to the extent of withdrawing millions
would not publish classified material.
of dollars in pension funds from First
But Marchetti and Marks contend that
National. "People Before Profits-Mr.
Wriston," said a number of the placards the rulings are an unconstitutional
in the demonstration. Walter Wriston is restraint on free expression in violation
of the Supreme Court's 1971 decisiqn ' .
the bank's chairman.
to permit newspapers to publish the
Victor Gotbaum, who chaired the
Pentagon Papers.
rally and heads the Municipal Labor
Committee which sponsored it, ex"l'm disappo¡nted that the Sqpreme .
plained that First National is "the chief Court dídn't see fit to hear our ðase," . ,,
villain" among the banks because of its Marchetti told Liberation New Service. .. 7
leading role in the present city financial "But. it may be a blessing in disguise. : ,
crisis which may cause. layoffs of over
The Supreme Court is now controlled.'';' ;
i
38,000
-f im Peck by conservatives and they probably ;
would have ruled against me; thdy
could have really put our feet in con-

the motion would be denied no matter
what Cunningham said.
Sostre wâi sent to Greenhaven Prison
immediately after sentence, where he
will,remain while his lawyers work to
.have him transferred to the West St.
FedBral House of Detention in NYC.

wlN

$

ê

i'ñä i¿.ãot iustice, not bv denving iusti¡g but bv seek'
''"i tãiJnã" nàÉed iustice. Pâcifism said simplv that
';iñ.iu it better way, and that is the;uiay of love'
"
waf io be powerful than by being
ffräi¿ ¡sl.-Urtter
iolñn¡tt suffering lt is the wav of being able to
"uiã
endure suffering as one resists evil with'love.''

urhot on9

16

ll I

,

j

workers.

crete.

.

"We have sevéral options still open

to us. We. caJr appeal the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court refused to rule
May 26 on the federal courts' power
to force former CIA employees to submit manuscripts to the agency for approval before publication.
The case revolved around the book
The CIA and the Cult of Intellìgence,
an exposdof the agency by former
CIA ofücial Victor Marchetti and exState Department employee JohnMarks.
After an earlier legal battle, which the
'

Supre¡ng Court also,refused to review,

the book was censored by the CIA and
published wirh 168 deletions.

decision, althbugh I don't think anything would come of ït. And we cañ go
back to the district çourt and work oun
way through each deletion to prove thåf
the information shouldn't be classified,¿'
"The agency is trying to make an
example out of me," Marchetti continued. "There are a lot of agents who

.

might want to speak out buathey see
what they (ClA) are doing to me and
they're afraid.
"ln 1972, when I first began to speak
out, the CtA asked for a blanket injunction against me-a complete gag on anything I might write or say without the

wlN

17

CIA's prioi permission. They've followed íne around everywhere I go, and

BRIBES
It seems that the ClR,is not the only

When asked what effect thé court's
decision could have on the upcoming

US institution which manipulates
foreign governments. Recent congressional testimony has revealed that
several US multinational corporations
have secretly contributed millions of
dollars to the political leaders and their
part¡es in such countries as South
Korea, ltaly, Canada, Bolivia and
Honduras. Most of the payoffs are

generally tried to nrake life miserable
for me. As the CIA press officer once
said in a fit of anger, "We just want
Marchetti to shut up,"'

American publication of tnside the Compony: CIA Diory, by ex-clandestine
agent Phill¡p Agee, Marchetti replied
that the decision "will ençourage the
CIA to continue rheir fighr-as if they
needed encouragement! They will pláy.
Agee very dirty. I think rhe¡r plan is ro
harass his publisher

with nuisance,suits,

like libel.
"Agee, as a secrét agent, hits them
n
where it really hurts-he strips away all
the bullshit. Someone recently told me

that95j% of the CIA clandestine
ag-e-nts hate my guts. Well, if that's true,

102% must hate Agee's and you can
imagine how they'll go after him.
"But from a legal point of view, the
ruling won't help them that much,"
Marchetti explained, "since Agee's al.
ready done the damage by printing the
book in Europe and speaking and writing about it there. And an injunction
won't do a thing e¡ther.
-LNS,

bribes, made to securç more favorable

economic terms for the multinationals,
but they have a profound effect on the
politics of the country involved. A few
examples:

South Korea: Robert Dorsey, chairman
.of Gulf Oil, admitted that his company
had paid $4 million to Pres. Park's
Democratic Republican Party, g3 million of it.just before Park's 1971 presidential campaign, which he narrowly
won with Gulf's help.
Italy: ltalian judicial investigators estimate that over several years, oíl companies contributed $16 million, primarily to the ruling Christian Demo
cratic Party to obtain favorable.legislation. "We're defending democracy, "
said the head of a US subsidiary. "ltaly
has the biggest Communist Party this
side of the lron Curtain. Parties oppos
ing them need support."

i

Bolivia: Gulf Oil Co. admitted giving a
$1 10,000 helicopter and $350,000 to
the'late ex-President Rene Barrientos
and his political party when he súccessfully campaigned for the presidency in

È

1966.

-lnternews

WHERE WILL IT END?
HELP

WANTED

FREE NAMIBIA DAY
On May 31, designated as Free Namibia
Day, because it was the deadline iet by
the UN Securify Council for South African withdrawal, dêmonstrations took
place at South Africanpmbassies and
consulates in a nuriþer¡of countries.
ln'New York, llook part in a vigil
at the South African Míssion to the UN,
only a block from the UN, where, the
day before, the Security council st¿rted
to draft a resolution faf stronger than
last year's, which South Africa has
flouted. The new resolutiõn may call
for a mandatory arr¡l êmbargo âgainst
South Africa and other economic sanctions.
Th"e

demo at the South African Mis-

sion was organized by Operation

Namibia a transnational nonviolent
direct action group working for
Namibian freedom. South Africa's occupation of Namibia (formerly Southwest Africa) was ruled illegal in 1971
by the lnternational Court of Justice
in The Hague
Jim Peck

FREE THE FREE BEACH
The National Seashore häs declared it
illegal to be naked on the Cape Cod
National Seashore. You can now be
fined $500 or get six months in the
slammer for "public nudity" on what
used to be the Free Beach (see WlN,
9119174\. lf you would like to aid the
legal challenge to this new prohibition
of nude bathing contact the FREE THE
,FREE
BEACH COMMITTEE, BOX
300, TP.URO, MASs., 02666. t

-wlN

Naked Bureau

A new survey by the Roper Organiza,

tt": found th¿t Americans spend
lrvins moretime.watchinstelevision
1o-1
today
U;s"ril;511ssei;.ã.;;'irË; äðä"",
priöners ¡n tñä oruanorääív riåi"- thal ever before'
*än's prison be rrained ;d ;;ídy;ä'"'
h"ril;å:iï,iffitÅ::*î"ï:ioJi
domestics.
Broadcasters, discovered ihat the.typi"tn t l['ng with my friends at
cal
American curently wafches the
several recenî social gâtf'ràiì"grJ; tn"
tube three hours and two minutes
wealthy Tulsa attàrnîV rãi¿,Ï;ínr'
-b"q! day'
each
have mãntíoned that ti'.rer:'s u
*i"ät
; - "' rlns,rJiiìJ:Jii:î:i,iïü;:'ljiil

õ'ãit¡J

r'érp.

CIVIL
VOUR
MAN

man

The
'
Medical
the
of

on.

lE WIN

rating.

'/.

Nearly two yearsr;igo, FBI agents
spotted Tom Smit.at rhe wRL 50th
Anniversity Meeting in Asilomar,
California änd arigitèd him shority
afterwards. Finally, on May 13, he was
released on oarole. But the current
Peacemaker'continues to list eight wäñ
resisters in federal prisons. They must
not be forgotten.

entire case against him dropped because

of contradictory evidence. lmani
(Johnny Harris) was found guilty and
sentenced to die in the electric chair. lf
.the sentence stands he will be the first
to die in Alabamars electriç chair in
¿

prisons. Artícles ín the last few issues
expose conditíons very similar to those
in United States prisons.The
lanuaryF ebruary issue includes'ân item
-wh
describing a canteen boycott
could be a very effective economi
weapon in prison. After exposing the.

more than a decade. Gamba Mani (Oscar Johnson) got twenty years; Maikou
Salik (Lincoln Heard)gor life plus
twenty years, as did-Silting Bull
(Grover McCorvey). Four cases were.

People close to the situation at the
Oklahoma State Prison at McAlester
now believe that the case of the Mccontinued untiLJune. The Southern
Alesler Six will never go to trial, th ough
Coalltìon Report on /ailsTfnd prisons
they are watching closely the trials of
pointed out that Alabama overlooked
guards
ten
inlicted by a federal
severely repressive condi tions at
what lay behind the prisoner's rebellury for violating Bob6y F orsythe's civil Canada's maximum custody Millhaven
t¡ on in its rush to convict these men.
righ ts when they gassed him to death.
prison, an editorial suggesd that cónAlabama's þrisons, built to hol d 2,487
Reprossion continues to be heavy under victs organize and
contact civil liberties inmates, now have a population of
the current prison administration. Warand human rights organizations, de4380. Atmore gets less m oney per
den Richard Crisp recently ordered all
manding that they take the lead in oro pnsoner than any other prison in the'
typewriters confiscated, saying they
tecting prisoners from brutalities and
state, wi th a population 69%b lack.
have "become dangeroús weaf,ons ånd
other violations of rights. Trañsltíon
' Six ty-one percent 9.t those at Holman
are a threat to overall security. The
subscrip_tions are g6 a year (free to inPrison are black. The Frank Lee Youth
prisoners of this instítutíon aie usi¡g
mates of Canada's federal piisons) and
Center has a population of 73% white
typewriters to conduct subversive ðõrthe address is:410 2nd Avenue ñorth,
and gets the most money per prisoner of
respondencè with commun ist organizaSaskatoon, Saskatéhewan, Canada.
any state penal institution. Yet an all.
t-ions." ln the çame prison,. three Native
white classification board determines
Americans have been beaten and forciblv
where a prisoner wíll be assigned. These
held down and given a white man,s shorí
statistics alone under line the racism ,
háircut. Black prisoners are also beaten'i
institutionalized in Alabama's prison
and forced to get.haircuts. The same
system.
source reports that late in April
ln.the Ph¡líppines, former Senator
goon squad beat five black brothers and
Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., a critic of the
The FBI is curren tly involved in a masone white unconscious. The wh ite com- government's martial law policv
facins
sive campaign of haràssment and inrade (Frank Minister ) had both his
tr¡al in a military court, ended iris "
rimidarioñ
of members'of the lesbian
hands broken by the goon squad.
förty-day fast which was to protest the
community and the nadical women,s
Several pnsoners were gassed with'12
governmerit's contihued violations of
ga. gas guns while locked in their cells.
civil liberties. And in South Korea, that movement for leads tq underground
fugitives. When members of such
ln retaliation the prisoners floòded the
nation's best known poet, Kim Young
groups refuse to lalk they are somegnit and kept it flooded until they shut ll, who writes under the
name Kim Chi
times summonqd before one of the
all the water off. Prisoners then threw
Ha, went on trial for his life for a
three grand iqriës which are part ofthe
shit on the runs-the guards refused to
second time in less than a year. His ofnationwide effôrt. Four women were'
clean ¡t up and the prisoners refused to
fense was a comment.that eight men
jailed
for nearty five monrh; i; Le;l;gclean it !p. Offcials then refused to
hanged for subversion last montfi were
ton, Kentucky, for refusing to talk b;
victims of a government frame-up, a
leqd u1 This tasred a ¿av. [Wiiden]
Crisp threaten^ed to bring nie ñoseiän¿
comment whích led to charges of viola- fors the grand jury meeting there. When
the 6th Circuit Court of Aþpeals denied
wash us out of the cells if we didn't
tion of the anti-Communistlaw and
a
motion for b-ail, three of the wome4
agree to.clean. it up. He bacted up ån
several other statutes. Such cases carry
agreed to testify. lt is important that
that and nnally met us halfway. îhe
the death penalty in South Korea for
people send letters of support to
guard who led. the_goon squad beatines
thpse who have been séntenced previous
Jill
Raym.ond, Franklin Couniy Jail, Frankhelped a convtct clean up the unit anã
ly
and are again charged with su bverglven
a hot meal. We had
ford, Ky.40601, and contiibuté funds
we were the.n
sion while on parole.
to the campaign to defeat this new wave
been orì sack lunches for,two
The March trials of-the AtmoreHolman of repression by grand
Junes. ContribuTronsitlon is the oußtanding publicaBrothers in Alabama had grim results"
tions should go to Lex ington Grand Jury
Canadian
Transition
Societv
tion of the
-t' despite the acquittal of several of the
Defense Fund Committee, PO Box
written and edited by inmates and
, Brothers on
some of the charges. Only
1733, Lexington, Ky.40501.
of
Canada's
federal
former inmates
one, Akto Baki (Edward Ellis), had the
Gara

ich
c

grand

'

ROCKY'S CONTRIBUTION
Th'e White House can boast of the

Lincoln Bed, but the newly designated
Vice-Presidential mansion will soon
rhree years ago.
KEEp A
have in its main bgdroom, courtesy of
Even more surprising rhe survey dis- Nelson Rockefeller, a bed Priced at
TONGUE
¡N
*HEAD,
covered that television is becoming
n4y GOOD
$35.000. Desisned bv surrealist painter
Maí Ernst. th; bed is entitled "AprA woman bít off the tong," or a
åTlïüi*ii'jåilr"-'oi3 ojåT,liì'tt oaratus
foí Dreaming'"
who was iaping her in her apartment those interviewed gave television an êxhas a seven foot mink sPread,
It
building in Philadelphia last week.
cellent rating: this 71 percent
compares mirrors, traPdoors for lamPs, tele'
'59
man fled to a nearby hospital where he -, to excellentiatings of
percent fbr
ohones'and'stereo controls, as well as
was arrested. Police s.aV.f ofr¡ Gran!
schooÍs;58 perceñt for newspapers;
ä littrograpq of an.Ernst painting "The
20, ran to Mercy catholic
35; þercènt.for local govirnments.
Great lgnoramus."
"n6TV's 71 percent even -beat out
Center, A doctor there went to
,,1
th-ought this would be my contriapartment and found the piece
churches, which finished wíth 66 perbution to the house," said Rockefeller.
tongue, but sai.d_it.coql-d_no-t be slwed cent; and the police, who had a 64 per- ,'The bed is in the spirit I believe in."
back
-WlN Self Defense Bureau cent
-LNS
-straight Cieek

"i;ñ

fri

"tlne

corrections Board chairman

i""k

'.¡ O

*"ãti.;

-Larry

WIN T9

I 'r,!'!

1 :-:

The some edìtortols that screom
screqmed mob rule

{

terrorism''

Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam.ii a cross-roads
landmark account of an older, ror. ürãui revolution-in
common folks'self-edu^cation. The author, Nguyen Viãn,
¡,
editor of Vietnom Courierand,the ¡i-i,olume Vtetnam_
,the
ese Stud¡es paperback series, respected among
fortunate
readers here and in Europe for his insight and-incisive yeti
:
patient
i

"

ot the cÍvtl rtghts marches of the eorly slxtles
Sist3rc and brothers, think hard before'you jump

olto

-

the

bondwagon

style

r

ot condemn i ng terrorìsm

The first cha_pter of Front l_ines is from one of those
special issues of WlN, without peer: ,,The Vieinim'ñriv
of
Sg-L Bruce Ane,llo." lt's.a.p_oet'i journal, Uy i remarkabty
self-posessed 20 year old Gl who died ón iVlemor¡äiD;í
J.968 "fighting.in rhe name of peace. Every time I ial iÉat
it gets more ridiculous.', The second selectiion. a Roliino
stone exce:.pt relts the srory of a uamúoo
fàå.""vrúã1.
wearing POW who refused to carry his rifle'and triéd to walk
9¡rt glcopbar in Cambodia. His
-him. "Ree" . . .ray of
--.¡n er¡fiS.t_rtening excerpifrom Lt, Calley: Hts Own Storv
fottows. Tatking his way across rhe r..neá ór
uons, our only convicted war.criminal reaches wíth surorising verbal grace f or the same_(hou¡ever self_serving) antiwai
absqlutiofl . "The Grunts of Firebase pace; 1'-1is lãirrto"e
ã¡
this collecrion, excerpted from Riiñard doyiu', nrit+"nAìr_

remember who ìs maklng the defrnit¡ons

do not forget the real terorists
that lurk behind the mosks of heads of stote
do not be afrald to hold strong t"srth;*'wÌth all who dare to struggle,

I

-Spring 1974

;lean

experiences and move others. .

Sing a Battle Song; Poems by Women ¡n the Weather Under.
ground made news recently after Radio'Pacifica broadcast a
tape, telling of the book with recorded greetings from
Beinadine Dohrn along with the reading of a few poems by
herself, Kathy Boudin and Cathlyn Wilkerson.
Both tape reading and book event were reported in the
press here and California, but it was difficult to locate the
book, although reporters and other eagers managed. A
woman's bookstore in,New York turned up a shopworn
copy for WlN. Attractive black and brown paper qovered,
it is a slim 50 page book, each'poem signed with a date. lts
cover is a spirit mask, "a celebration of our sister, Diana
(Oughton), who spent several years of her life in -Guatemala."
As objective as a butterfly skirting flowers, it so happens
that among my favorites are the two read on tape by Kathy
Boudin and one which I believe to be hers because she had
talked about it as a poem years back before she went underground. No matter who wrote iq from title on it is one of

'ò

the very good ones:
Sisterhood i5 not Mogic
lilhotever did the wltches do
They must have quorrelled beneoth the stors
about how tq ease the paln'of wounds
llith ergot,
bellodonno or

I

li
'jr

nosturtium

l

And argued

1

toking long moonlight wolks arm in orm,
About tíow t'o sove the "devil's party,"
where to meet most wfelY

And ihen o

Disturbing o qulet constellation
in o lulY skY.

From Reunion:

fSONT LINES: SOLDIERS' WRtTtNGS

SometÌmes a harshness, .

lndochina Curriculum qrggn
Ma. 02138 I 135 pp., $2.00

.

4000.D, Berkeley, C,a.94704

Many are indeed "not professional," but they are movi4g
and interesting. Forty-eíght poems and many different
voices. "These poems were written by indívidual women.
Yet each was discussed collectively: praísed and criticized. .
Often this was painful and awkward. . .," the¡r p¡efaç tells
us.

Some of the poems are painful, some awkward and I am
hoping that the book surfaces and becomes available. Of
love, politics and self searching, the poems reach out and
offer good material for readings and discussion in school,
coffeehouse and living room.
One of the poems that falls ints the socialist realism
category, For the SLA, which needs another title at least, I
found the most interesting. That poet needs more work to
move the sturdy everyday ¡nto "the artist is the historian of
the future" category, but its quiet irony and insistent beat
is winning. ln part it tells:

seemed eosY

who often walk

in their footsteqs

and have no B-52s
if you ore not a head of state
with an army and polìce, , .

know

bctter'

-summer 1973

|

& Minds, the diary of a young Catholic soldier in the north
Vietnamese army killed in the '68 Tet offensive on Saigon, .

¡fíou oi[¿ispo.sessed

.

and the love letters of another dead communist soldier, a
young poet who learned just before his last patrol that h¡s
fiancee had died in a US bombing raid. The book, including
some small errors, has excellent illustrations and study aids.

169 pp.,]2.45

I have not come out from Frønce to turn lndochina over to
the lndochlnese,

-French High Coniñissioner, September 1945
With the "fall" of Saigon and the rise of Ho Chi Minh City,
the scramble for the "final lessons,'of the 30 years, lndo"
china war is on. ln the next few weeks thp off;ial press postmortems will be finished, the carcass abañdoned, the friöd
and boiled flesh digested and instantly incorporáted in con_
densed paragraphs in next year's (and decade,s) encyclopedias and textbooks.
The cannibals of history will have done their best to swal_
low (in small bires) the wiódom and courage tñðl"i, ' "
corpse, they themselves so direly lack.
"f
ln. quiet revolt, movements fôr real education of Americans have perennially sprung up, perhaps at last to take real
root this spring. One of these phoenix howers is the lndo
china Curriculum Group-, ,,a:côllectlve of Boston ir.u fr¡if,

Another, somewhat older group is the,lndochina Resource Center, virtually an altãrnative uniVersity wittr-branches in.Eerketey and Washingron. Since igTi iü, ."n- '
ter has published a number of inv-aluabie pampf,Éts, 6ãóts

and have only your own two honds

who liñe Chltean doctors up ln their hospìtol corridors
ond shoot them for suqqortìng, , ,

11 Garden St., Cambridge,

school teachers" with a long-range slide, tape and textboäk
pr-g¡ect.to explore (and expóse) ihe roois df our Se Àsiin'ttaffairs.tt

it terror
if you are few

¡s

I

TRADITION AND REVOLUTION IN VIETNAM
Itg1tyu¡ Khac Vien / lndochina Resource Cænter / pO gox

keepers of all thot has possed between us
stored in strange sounds

We ore

ieiror

orders. Finally, like the war itself, the firebase was deserted.
Other rare book excerpts in Front Lines give accounts of
black Gls' reactíons to the war, the diary self-dèbate of a
nayy pilot missing since 1966, poems from l$/inning Heorts

FROM VI ETNAM

¡s not terror
if you ore New York's Finest
oid you shoot a ten-yeor old Block chlld in the bock, '
It is not terror lf you ore ITT
and buy the men

But we

wlN

hundreds of demonstrotors bach from the streets

It

thelr magic

20

count in Hower of the Drogon, tells about íwo
çgmpanies of
Gl's who revolted in late 1971 againít "offensivel'combat

eoch other
ond your roge

To some

'

.

To night, how mony guerrlllos ore fìghting battles?
To night, the rodlo reports
the police are attempting to drive

They catl

ond best serue the Peasont's needs,
s¡ster went'on trial, Jacobo for exañtple,
Even lovers omong wltches
must hove dtnþreed over whot would be
her best defense,

I

ciiltläi,Ãiîí

Preface to the book tells us that this is a woman's book. . ..
"we are not professional poets. . .Poems are a way to share

SING A BATTLE SONG: POEMS BY
WOMEN IN THE WEATHER
UND ERGROUND ORGANIZATION

åt

Vie;ilr;;,c;d;;;id;-'^
suntight, -

Boudin

and lndochÌna Chrontcle n"*rprpàr ipeiiãl ìè'portr.'
Thç audiences addressed ui uättr É;ü;; .i!ãlinmuri
cans. (Rhetoric. is refreshingli r"luit io-"åõuãl ro common
sense.,
I lo|:,L,|!l.wh ile stil I an experimèn Þl nonprofi r
project ro.neld l.esq iÞ contents ,,in a limíted numbår of
schools," as a tethal challenge to the entire official establish.
menr of education. The-book is a history oilúu

*"i åläi;

the personal accounts of privates an¿ other cãmron _¡¿iär,
who fought-tu¡ne.d and foughtagainst, and fir Americans
fi naily ended-rhe tongesr colon iaI,,btobã u"ii;,' Ji"Jå'wü,ì
l.

r

Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam will enrage some
.'
doctrinaire domestic comm-unists as easily
*,e p"reviòui
book will raise the wrath of the pentagon'. "s
ñguvri, ff,ã.
Vien writes that "Marxists and genuínã Cðniiciuns
Tor.e rhan common potiricalgoãts. .. l" c;"¡;;ì;;,äilãw.
the ¡mmorality of the rulers has always provided revolution_ , ;
:
aries wirh rheir best argumenrs." witti w¡t
Vien demonstrares rhe deprhs of Asian
""j
, :' ,
Confucíus, in one essay. ln another, h.e shows in gn. J"âii- ;',.i
the improvements in the common welfare tttã communist
revolution created in one overcrowded Red River ¿elia -.
province,_reversjng centuries of,,bad fate;' in
ie;; tnun tun
years..ln "The Old Banya.q T¡ee" he tells the story
of his
own village, and of himself, the mandarin-landowñer,s,són.
"The tortuous, excremen t-strewn p.aths, ihã superstítions
. . .the child marriages have all disappeared now. . ,because.
tano rents and usurious interest rates have vanished and thé
rice fields have been dísrribured ro rhose,*t ò fãr-¿iiv
"-,
..
y.famity
tosr
ail
irs
rice
fields,,
bur
!f
trre ¿rJams i üiã
¡one,
in my childhood have come rrue, onó uy on., Uåiãiu
.v,9ry gy9s." ln "The Vietnam Experiencã and the Third'
world," hesers our exampte arttjr éxãm¡rõ,;Ìih; Viäti"r.
ese revolufionaries, successes, excesses, errors and
,orrurtiàn
of errors for comparison with other countries'-methods.
A doctor who decided that in a colony of untreated
contagious diæases,,rhe besr med¡cine fór V¡;;;;n;;;,
tional independence,,, a TB vicrim himself g¡v"n ul iåi ¿'åã¿
""oy rans phystctans who saved himself by ,,traditional,'
medicine, Nguyen Khac Vien is a livíng reUutã iã-itrãse wt
o
insist that the communists in Hanoi hiu. nò t,rm"nísm, ói "colorfut characrers,,' ¡n t¡fe oilî
-fan Barry

snar"

:

¿iã'"i.õi"
;;'nr;i;;;;ie6iio

fral
rv--

ùiËñ;;.

wrN 2r

WHAT AR'PTHI3 LESS.ONS'OF PA.CIFISM contlnued.from pag€ 18

The pacifist can ask other questions as well, ones
which may causé,proponents of armed struggle to look
hard at their oversimplifications and myths..
D¡d the lndochina war demonstrate "the triumph of
the human spirit över technology?;''Certainly without
indomit¿ble spirit the NLF would have lost, but what
would h-ave happened to the Vietnamese had'their
troops received no AK'47 rifles from the Chinese, or
artillery and tanks fr.om Russia? What would the B52's have done had there been no SAM missiles?
Did the war show that a tiny people can defeai the
'''full power" of the US military rnachine? What would
have happened had the Pentagon used tactical nuclear
weapons or hydrogen bombs? What prevented the full
use

of

US military power? Was

it féar of

,

Russian nuclear

retaliat¡ol? Or was it, perhaps at least partly, the
generally nonviolent political resistance of the US antiwar movement?
To what degree did the geography of lndochina play
a key role in the victory of the NLF? without the sanctuaries of Laos and Cambodia, and land and sea routes
givingaccess to Russian and Chinese arms, could the
Vietnamese have won? Would the geography of the
Fhilippines or Latin America.play,such a helþfulrole
in armed struggles in those lands?
Pacifists riñfin¿ much in the outcorne of the lndochina war to promote their perspective.
Ed. Laiar insists that pacifists not become "camp
followers" of armed struggles. ln vain I search the
spirit of pacifism'and nonviolence for the impulse that

.

"

would accuse someone of being a "camp. follower." ln
Ed's eyes, úho were the "camp followeis".during the
Vietnam war? Were they the hundreds of ,thousands of
people who joined in mâss, peaceful protests against
the war? lf they are, Ed disassociates híft[elf from almost all of the Left and most of the llberdl commun¡ty
in this country. Were thçy the pacifists and religious

¡.',.

with coalition arifi:ûar organizations? Then to Ed most of the memb-eis:of the AFSC,

,people who worked

D

D

FOR, WRL, CNVA,'CPF, EPF, JPF;"CAI-C, WIL and
WSP were "camp followers.t' What degree of cooperation can be built on such a view of onels,oolleagues and

assóciates?

0

O

EDCENTR lC MAGAZINE, radlcal-educa'
tlonal iournal. nôecls iollêctlve staff member'
Educati on, edltorlal/productl on' pollt lc-a¡
coll€ctlve åxoár¡encà'alt helpful. Wrlte PO
Box 1802, Eugene, OR 97401.
^

New Mldwest research lnstltute seeks un'
selflsh, soclally-consclous, n on'careerlst,
fUn.ptr O tvlO ú Etvl e¡¡t econ om lsts, p ol lt lca I
sélentlsts. êtc. MUST be able to get gfants
or ralse fúndr Semþscholarly studl6s on warÞeacê reconvorslon, etc. READ Gross and
bbterman "itre l.lsw Profoss¡onals" pp. 33
77. Studs Terkel "Worklng" 9P.525!527,

Free if no $$ invölved
and undôr 20 woids.
otherwlie $2 every lo words.

';r:

Perhaps Ed is referring toihe,feeltngs Which peace
activists have about the end of the war. Most of us are
filled with gratefulness, I'm sure, that the ghastly killing brutality, and corruptlon that had seemed to become almost a permanent part of the universe has al'
most miraculously ceased. Most of us, ¡'m suie, recognize with admiration approaching ¿we the courage, selfsacrifice, and tenacity of the Vietnamese people ín their
historic struggle. We believe that this yictory, since it
was against mæsive ímperialism and militarism, was
probably a step toward peace. Non-pacifists may see in
the triumph of armed struggle a signpost toward the
liberation of other colonial peoples. Pacifists will mark'
instead the fr-ightful costs of the víctory, raise quer
tions about its deepest lessons, and continue their efforts to convince all the people they can that nonviolent resistance is, in all, a better road to liberation.
.

PUBLTCATTONS

sgz-s¿0. Don Blsgs, '.9reaklng out." Mid'
f^r€st lnsiltut€, f206 N' 6th:St., 43201.

z,:;

'ï

Mark Lane's RUSH TO JUDGEMËNT.
Hardcover, used. Soveral cop¡€s 0lO.OO
oach, Wayne Plerce, Rt. 1-24GCW, Orovllle,
cA 95965.

.

REAo THE euARDíAN-newsw€ekty gtvês
MARxtST viewpoint on nationat anO ìnlernatlonal news. Speclal 8-week trlal sub.,
$1.00. cUARDIAN, Dept. Wt, 33 West
lTth St., NY, NY lOOll. (Fuil year $12.S0,

.

student $7.50.)

Announclng the flrst cOODBOOX CATALOG. Gändh¡'s works, Mother Jones, the
IWW Songbook, Veggle cookbooks, Barbara
Dane and The Red Star Slngêrr-plus much
more, all ¡n the flrst catalog from Gqodboox
& Such. Yours frêe from! PO Box 437; Boe
ton, MA 021O2.

E

c.
È

GI oReÀî{
NEEÞEÞ

MURRAY
BOOKCHIN
Our Synthetic
Environrnent

REVISED EDITION. "At the t¡me of
its publication, Our Synthet¡c Environ,renf was !h€ most comprehensive and
enl¡ghtened book on the env¡ronmqntal cr¡sis. Many othtir books on this
'toÞic have been publ¡shed sincr, but
iìone, I believe, as comprefensive."
DUBOS

-RENE
"A tightly{onstructed philosophical
and social treatmént of industrialism,
which concludes ihat major.changes
will be necesary to bring the plahet
into ecolog¡cal oquil¡brium.:'
-WILSON CLARK, Nqt Ma.n Apatt

cN/36ò $.e5

For a complele

calalog, wrile

Harper e) Row
Papetback DepL
t0 8.53d St., New Yotk l()022

22 WtN

The US military still hae over.200,000
vicepeo¡le poieed for attack againðt the
of.Asia. lVhile many.of them ar€ scattered
igolated bases, the concentration in Japan
both the main island and on Okinawa-is
For over five years Pacific Counselling
has.run counselling and organizing
there in órder to help GIs rgsist being
against their intereeüs, and üo strengthen
class-conscious revolutionary mov€ment in

us.

natlonal Party.

HELP!

THE SOCIALIST TRIBUNE ls for buitdlng

a non.sectarlan dômocratic sociallst move..,ï
ment, S€nd for a free sample copy. lO12 No.
3rd Sti Sulte 317; Mllwaukee, WS 53203.

PEACEWO R K-Nonvl olent soclal change
nows report€d ln lively monthly N€w EngF
land newslett€r, Subscr¡ptlon $3, sample
copy free. PEACEWORK, 48 lnman St.,
Cambrldgê, MA 02139.

s€ôklng part tlme job so I can devois more
tlmê to Soclal/pèaca actlon. Must rêmaln in
thls ãroa, Expæl€nce€ngln€êrlnE, au.to
mechanlcs (en9¡neer¡ng degroe; stato
lnsp€ctlon llcense), Any posslbll¡ties welcome. Tom Hlll, lOO Klolnhaus Strèet,
Easton, P€nna. f8042, (215) 252-6666.

to do volunteer work hêr€ of abroad,

Jack Manno, 47 Cødar St,,
hamton, NY 13905.

Women's and other potitlcat records, Wlllìe.
Tyson, Meg Chrlstlan, Thô Human Condlflon,
Vlctor Jara and others, We're an anü-capltaþ
lst, collectiv€ly run store. Br€ad and Roses
comr¡untty Mustc Center, t 7z4 20th Street
NW, Dupont Circte, Cotumbla (DC) 2OOO9.

.

portation are guaranüeed.
,l

Contact PCS, 2õ88 Mlssion gt. {220, San Fran.
cisco, CA 94110 l4fõl 2S6-f212 lot more l¡.

Apt. 9,

B¡n9-

Prlsoners Coll€ctlng Stamps. Donatlons of
stamps, books, albums, anythlng phllatelic.
Nêod€d. Terry L. Flower, Box 2304,

Movciiiont. . r.... ..,....5Ol
Up A¡åinst thc Nukq¡, 6129174. How

.

to organize your comml¡nitf- against
dangorous nuclear powcr plídts, wittl .
stories about thoso who havo. . . . . .50d

Moncy-Bchind thc Grccn Door,
12119174. How'Radicals rclate to'
tho¡r money. Also Philip Berrigan on
Political Prisoncrs and Tuli Kupferberg's Worst of Everything. . . . . . .
Wc Cru¡c tVorld lfúngcr, ltg}l?s.
Plus Tho Strange Case of Martin Sostrc,
and an lnterview with Lanza del

Hqr

Vasto.

Othcr terrific back issucs are also still
available. 1974 and 1975 issues for
50d cach, orders of I 5 or morc 25d
each. 1973 issues are $1.00 each.
1972 nd carlicr 12.00 cach (Gxcept
the Media Papers, st¡ll S1.50).
WIN

/ Box 547 / Rlton, NY.12471

#'g'irfu,,,[i'l
o" bool¿

Ntr5}{ us A{D c/MD,U5

q ßnnbøa'Dedttâ

Statlon B, Llncoln, N€., 68502.

ln dssp€rate n€ed of correspondancel
ALPHONSO WRlcHT, 86026, Box 97,
McAlester, OK 74501;
ROBIN.BENDER, 140-624, PO Box 787,
Lucasvlllê, oH 45648r and
ERNEST BORK, l4l-172, Box 69, London,
oH 43140,

Mtsc.
sMALL ÞuaLlsxens,

BUSINESS HEAD needed af WlN.
Prefer someone with publishing
background and/or movement fund
raising experience. Crazy hours and
low pay but many intangible re
wards. lf you are interested, tell us
something abdut yourself. WlN,
Box 547, Rifton, NV 12471.

Thc Mcn's lsr¡c,4/11/J4. Already a
basic text of the Men's-Liboratioô

Woman, 23, iivants work on sh€ep or hors€
farm, thls fall. Prefrrably New Englånd, Jan
Ross, Box 5419, Shorewood, Wlsconsin,

Wlsh

PRODUCTS

NONCOMPETITIVE cAMES for childron
end adults. Play together not agalnst each
other. Free catalogr Famlly pasflmes,

wanted poems,
songs, Consclsntlous ob¡ector statomênts,
Please send to Mark Kramrlsch, 55 Camber-

Boissevain, Manftoba, Canada ROKOEO.

with a strong intereet in
working with GIs, and their families. Organi:
zers preferably çhorrld have a proletari4n
standpoint and experience, and some experience with the military. Subsistênce and trans-

formation;

ANNUAL SMOKE.IN July 4th, Washington,
DC. Frê€ pot and fro€ muslcl Youth lntêr.

well church Strېt, London SE5.

struggle agátnst raclsm,
sêXlsm, and lmperlallsm since 1968. Subs
for a donatlon; free to prlsoners. Box 437,
Sprlng Lake, NC 28390,

PCS needs people

|

lntðr€stfng speakers each Sunday at 1l am at
Morse Audltorlum, 602 Commonwealth
Avenue.

Mansfield Center, CT 06250.

cl

STILL AVAILABLE FROM WIN

The Commuhlty Church of Boston pres€nts

nNrliwan ANTHoLoGY.

BRAGG BRIEFS:

pÀpeRbAck

EVENTS

Manhattan WRL meotlng"Wed, June 18,
8:Oo pm, lgal Roodenko, Toplc¡ "Nonvlolence, Ends and Means Durlng thê Current cftsls," 38 w: 87th st., Apt, 44, NYc.

FREE Assasslnat¡on Resource llst (books,
artlcles, organizations, peflilons). Enclose

sAsE to K, oonneily, 211 Bebbington Road,

m A bÀRpeR

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NEW PALTZ-KINGSTON WIN READERS¡
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(stufflng €nvelopes, prooftoadlng' etc.)' lr.
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Ptease send

'tjffifru^r,o*
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clrculate petltlon to open new hearings on
JFK assasslnation, for petltlons send
(SASE¡ to SCIDS, Eox 453, San Mârcos,

[5Q..

stor

your

llst and têrms. We'r€ hoplng tO offer aþ
t€rnatlv€ books nôt pr€sently avaltable
here. lhe.Bookstorc (1OlOV2 Broadway),
Box 8179, Fort Wayne, lN 46808.- '"

4

U F h,

Ca. 92069.

HELP CREATE A LEGAL ALTERNATIVE
TO PAYING WAR TAXES. Contact WPTF,
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3{or

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ORDÈR NOW!

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if you subscribe now to
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FTLOY
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CLEVËLAf{D HTs

Literaturc

,

åJ

MORE POWER THAN WE KNOW by D4ve Detlinger. Just
out, is this vital book on movement tactiòs-past añ¿ fúture.

5 *plûs.0o1

&-{

44t {tó

I\

*From thè Villaqe Voice

ï
ó

lf you take this opportunity to subscribe to WIN for a
full year (44 issues) we'll send you your choice of either
of these important and haunting books by veterans
of the Vietnam war. Published by .l st Casualty Press,
both books examine.the human dimension of what we
did in Metnam.
FR.EE FIRE ZONE is a colltictiorl of 24 remarkable
short stories that explore, in the words of the editors,
"direct violence'and the subtler forms of cultural rape
and pillage." Publishers price: $2.95.

(hardcover) 326 pp.

ÛnoeRooes vERsus

UPPERDoGS by Jim Feck. Just
updated through the end of the Vietnam wãr, is this ítory
of nonviolent action over the years through the eyes of an
acti:ug participant. (all proceeds to WRL) 120 pp.. . . .$1.50
(WfN readeis who have the book can get a éopy of the updated supplement free.)

HOME COMFORT by Marty Jezer.'The TOTAï LOSS
communards describe life on one of the more successful,
long-lasting agricultural communes in New England. 330

pp.. . .
. .$1.s0
A NEW WAVE,FROM THE OLD INDIA by Khushwant
Si

ngh. Outstand i ng. biogriíp h'ical article aUoir t ¡. P. Narayan,
and the sizeable movement mobilized
pp.
2sl.

lndia's No. 1
around him.

BACKGROUND TO THE MIDDLE EAST CONFLICT.
The best short history of the Middle East conflict we have
found.40 pp, .. . .
s0l.
BY BREAD ALONE by Lester Brown & Eric Eckholm. A
telling argur.nent for acting now to help stem the deepening
.$3.95

foodcrisis.2T2pp.

......

WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS is a fhoving collecrion
of poems written "out of fire and under fire." Publishers

price:

$1.95.

AMN,ESTY

(w¡rh the V¡etnam war finally over it's time to step up the
drive for unconditional amnesty.)'
Enclosed is
1 for a year's subscription. Please send
- copy of $'l(check one):
me,a
FREE FIRE ZONE

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the subscription, just send the book(s) for their

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for:

the books. Enclosed is $6 for a six month sub.

lt.lame

subiect.

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..:...
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[ ]
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I enclose
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for items checked.
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NAM

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AMNESTY PACKET Ten items of vital information on the

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AMNESTY: WHY? FOR WHOM? A complete, easy-reading
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ADDRES c

Box

547 *

ztP

Rifton *

ZIP

NY 12471
ía