Win Magazine Volume 11 Number 2

I

Jonuary 23, 1975 / 3Aé
J{

I
*

þ

POETRY AND REPORTS ON VIETNAM
FOR THE SECOND ANNIVERSARY
THE PARIS PEACE TREATY'
THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT"9ÍOP ONE HUNpRED

i

OF-.'

(.

''''" *'

1EACE AND FREEDOM rHEU NONVIOLENT eCnON

rt.

e

''+
:1.

I
!

.+

l\

,

(

t
I

üt

I

,rqq

'..

i
ct¡uation gocs somcthing likc this: The
thought of human misery produccs dis
comfort in mc, it tlisturbs my conscience.
By stceping mysclf in that misery, I reduce
thc discomfbrt issuing from my conscience
and, conscqucntly, thoughts of human
miscry. But tlrat misery goes on and rvhat
you have elTectually done is to short-cir-

cuit thc conscieúcc.
I tcnd to think that the human animal

ca¡ries around very little excess psychic/
spiritual baggage. Or, God had in mind
*om. putpot" when He equipped us with
a conscience-a sfanda¡d on most models
since about Genesis. If by placating that
conscience without affecting change in the

situation that gives rise to its ptoddings' we
have, I believq neatly circumvented God's
purpose.

Daniel, I think'it could be fairly said
that you do not "fiddle while Rome burns."
You dq hçwever, write PoetrY.

_MEL HOLLANDER
Syracuæ, NY

I hopc

lìranklin Zahn is kidding when

h'e

biggest loser in double
digit inflation is a rich person with lots of
cash on hantl which is wasting in value like
a cake of ice on a hot day." IIVIN, 121261741,
The rich have access to the biggest in-

statcs that

I
tçh

". . .the

terest-paying investments largely barred to
the small investor-GMNA pass-throughs,
tax-free âuthority bonds, specially negoti:
ated high interest accounts of $ 100'000
with lending institutions, etc. The ridh are
neither the biggest losers nor the biggest
sufferers from iiflation. They get the best
investment advice available, and they
literally write the tax laws' (Remember the
special tax loophole sewn for Louis B.
túayer by the late Senators Taft and George.
It enabled him to pay one-half capital gains
rate on income that by any rational standard
wæ ordinary income.)
It's the poôr and middleclass Americans
who should be most interested in cutting
arms expenditures' The rich look afte¡ them'
selves æ favored inÇividuals, not as par-

ticipants in

democracy.

When I had cancer and was scheduled to die,
vou were my greatest inspiration to go on
I erõw to love you. I continue to
íiuíne
"n¿ despite the fact that what follows
iou"-you,
witt nece.sariiy sound bitter and scolding'

Dan, your style of theôlogical resistance
is nãtftinÉ less than poisòn to tþe ef[cary-of
itt" p"u"J *ou"meni, You h4ve successfully
i-næinalized the pain of the peoples of Indochina. vou have come to respond to that
ú; ritualizing it, reveling iri it, or (as .

;;.

you mignt put it) "witnessing" it' With thls

iensitivity I have no quarrel,. for there are
sui"tv tnôugtt of us who go ãbout the
ú"sin"st of ltrategizing nonviolent action
*iift onfv negligible feeling for the peo-ple- .
wirã working ("strugsling," agh-)'
i.;;h"ñt
^-ftfu t.tuo with you dlrives from the end
product of your internalized suffering' In a
wotd, itanesthetizes lhe consclence' or
whaterrer faculty provokes us to direct ac'
tion. A process ieèn by some as expiatory
and cathartic' The faulty
i-t""

"t

irutg"tlve

a

New Yo¡k, NY

The issue of Dec. 19 on MONEY was quite
original and very interesting. One important
aspect of the "r,ced" for money was not
mçntioned at all. That is the question of
security in old age. I question whether
pæents should count on their children to
srpport them after retirement. Many senior
citizens have no offspring or no survivots.
-C'W' GRlff'IN Social Security is, and for the foreseeable
Denvillg NJ future will be, inadequate
For 18 of the 44 yearc I have sPent on
the labor market I worked for less than I
could have carned elsewhere; 2 years o¡-

AN OPEN LETTER TO DAN BERRIGAN:

2 WIN

line on how art is de-politicalized for
in
i1.," et.ti"un public. In the episode
Àmarcord abolt Fascism, the opposition
is vaguely called "socialist" in the sub
tìüeíwtrãre the Italian sound-track is sayine'¡anarchisf " This is not the fust time
itrãt ¿uuu.tt have plaved a political and
malignant role, so it might be well if the
tarsJts of the alfronts started writing in
their protests to producers and,ËiËRïiË"
Just

Union, 3 years in Cooperativçs, and I I years in the Peace Movement.
I took a 40% cut in salary when I went to
work at CCCO and did not take some of
the r¿ises voted by the Board' I had the
other option of taking the raise and giving
it back as a donation. This would have ir¡
creased the base on which mY Social
Security benefit is paid but thc gôvernment
would have gotten a larger bite in income
ganizing

tax.

for

und ,un" a vacation: tìrst to Puerto Rico,
then Phoenix, then Canad4 and ñnally
Florida in'?3. Each was a marvelous ex'
perience marred-only by guilt over the
amount of .money \Ãre were spending on
ourselves urhile there was so much hunger
and misery in the world and so manY
worthy:causes to support
I'never made more than $8000. in any
year and that much only once. Yet, today,
we own. the house we live in and a '71 VW.
We paid $9400 for our home 3lz years ago;
could sell it for more than twice as much.
We get $4600. a year f.rom Social Security
and I eæn $ 1500. working about one day â
weeþ We have Blue C¡oss and Blue Shield
and Medicæe. But what happens in case of
long and exPensive illness?
I would like nothing bettór than to be.
oart of a iommune where I could contribute
às long as I am able and could thçn look
forward to receiving the loving care of the
srouo for as long as I live. But outside of :
ãuthðritarian religious communities, which
I reiect. where do you fìnd the stability and
oermaíence? So, regretably and with feel'
ings of guilt, we only give awav $20G$300
a i"at. i am more generous with my timeesoeciallv since I retired.
' I fikito think that if I had children who
were now fully grown and independent, I
would tell them that I was leaving everything
to such as WRL. The whole question of
inheritance needs to be studied and dis
cussed; from the standpoint of giving æ
well as receiving.
Five men anã four women writers started
this off. Fred Rosen did not say whether he
was speakins for Nancy. Leah Fritz didn't
say if she spot . toi her husband. Jim Peck
didn't indicate if Paula shared his view on
money. Have I always been fair to Taddy,

mindeð. In addition, it prompts me to
noint out two facts that should have been
àbuiou, to your editors from the bcginning:
l) Most back-to-theJand, natural-foods
pàoþle are quite advanced in their social
thinking, and accept homosexuality as a
viable alterpative life style. Those who do
ngt are intelligent enough to learn Many
'óî'your readers are homosexuals.

leaflet to be inoffensive and, therefore, failed
to bring charges against Pat'
It was the "failure" of the DPP to
prosecute Pat the first time which led the
judges to orderPat's release on December
4, L9'13. The court, accordi-ng to an Arn' .,
nesty Intemational observer present at the
hearing, went out of its way to recor.d that
Pdt's àct 0eafléting¡ wâs still "malicious,"
"wicked'Ì in its intent-'rabout as bad a case
of its kind as it is possible to imagine."
One must conclude that thè court wutted
to make clear to one and all that its deci.
úon was not to be tgkon as a "precedent,"
the
upioming
having in mind, no doubt
trials of 14 other B¡itish pacifists sn charges
of"posse'ssion" and "conspüacy" to div
tribute information to troops on actions
they might take if opposed to going into

:l

.

Northem lreland with the British:Atmy of
If convicted, the penalties ttrlv
face a¡e even more serious than the 18
months given Pat A¡rowsmith. Life imprisonment could be one.
WlN.readers who were moved fo protest
the imprisonment of Pat Ar¡owsmith should
not be chagrined because hér release took'
place before their lette¡s reached the
authoritiec Suchletters¿re read and noted.
In fac! they may iet substantially help the
14 pacifists to be tried on March 3, 197 5,
by creating a climate of international outrage at the British governrnent's violation of
the human rights of f¡ee speech and as
sociation Such an expressed concem makes
for justice; not just ihe "appearance ofjus
tice" and should continue. '
_GERTRUDEROSENBLUM
,
_ Stamford, Ct

2) Silence is an instiument of social

crimination.
,ÌI hope that you will.change your attitude toward gays to one more in keeping
w.!th your generally enlightened outlook,
and will admit all of your readers to full

;

TAYLOR
Bæticipatio{. ' -VALERIEChicago,
Ill.

Occupation.

fanuary 23,1975 / Vol. Xl, Number 2
Recently Leo Tolstoy h4s 'þen receivin¡i
some bad

publicity in yoùi'pagês.

"

A basta¡d to be sure' eliteminded, but

one helluva guy anyway. Maybe

'

if

(and security) for ourselves.

-BENT ANDERSEN
Lambertville, NJ

There is a follow-up to your publication of
England Possession of This Leaflet Could
Get You Two Yea¡s" which must not go
unreported, Simultaneously with its ap
pearance in WIN (December 12, 1974)Pat

"In

a

'

Arrowsmith, Britain's first paciÍst to be
convicted for distributing the leaflet to
British soldiers, was released f¡om the
ndtorious Holloway Prison for Women in
London.
The decision to order the release was
made by a three-man court on an appeal
ûled by Pat against he¡ conviction. She lost
the latter, but won her freedom from prison
(which at the time meant solitæy confnq,
men! shockingly unsanitúy cell conditions,
dungeon lighting and ventilation, and inadeguate food), "not in the interest of

I bought $2000. life insurance when I
first began to work in 1925' During the
Big Depression I fust borrowed against it
and then cæhed it in. The statistics of unjustice but in the appearance ofjustice."
employment and average annual income and
.The reasoning of the cou¡t was that Pat had
numbers on welfa¡e cannot adèquately con'
æasonable ground for thinking her action
jure up the image of what it was like. I never
in distributing the leaflet, "Some Informa
was
it
sometimes
welfare
but
had to apply for
tion for British Soldiers," at Warminster in
nip and tuck Having always been.a string
September 19?3 was no more itlegal than
savof ánd pack tat, the effect on me was
wæ in August 1973 wher¡ she was handing
it
pincher;
penny
a
I
became
devastating.
it out in Colchester, At that time the De.
didn't enjoy buying, giving or eating out
partment of Public Prosecutions judged the
Only in the last 5 years could I "brealcdown"

4. The Vietnam.Criqis Gets Hot

"

he anÇ

Sophie had had Women's Libe¡ation in their
dav they might not have destroyed each
other the way they did. Merely they
reflected the social consciousness indigenous
to their clæs and epoch. To judge them by
modern standards does an injustice to both
pefsons.
Get â copy of Tolstoy's The Law

of I'ove

and the Law oÍ Violence and read it for
Christmas. I think Leo and Sophie are
'
among us today, Andrea and Leah. We are
them. Hopefully we can work our problems
out better than theY did.

-'TÉPHEN'i"liJiÎ,i+i

lack Colhoun
10. A Short lñterviewwi.[h DeviPrasad
Craig Simpson
1

i

1. Tq Meet Old Friends I Danny ScheclÌter,

Corol Kurtz, Steve Cogan

12. lndochina Poems / Carol Rubenstein
17. The Defense Department's Hot 100
Leon Reed
?
1

8. Changes

21. Reviews
STAFF

Tom Brucker Maris Cakars Susan Gakars

It

Glen Gædner communitY and, in 1950'
the beginning of an equity in re¿l estate

t

reprebsion, often harder to combat than
.open enmity; By excluding l0 to 207o of
the adutt populatioir from participation in
your valuable se¡vices you are helping to
further a harmful policy of social dis

my wife? DefinitelY nol

was her inheritance of $1000. tn L946
that became the down payment o¡f the'

,

Dear Mothet Ea¡th

News:

f

ERRATA
:1

As a subscriber and enthusiastic reader, I
was shocked to learn from WIN Magazine
that MOTHER is refusing to accept Positions and Situations listings from homo
sexuals. Your lettèr to RFD:is quoted:
"Many of our readers are not young, lti¡>
oper¡minded folks but are little old ladies

in tennis shoes."

am one of those little old ladies-6 1.
'
years old, a lesbian, a homophile activist'
author,of seven published gay novels, and

I

concerned about repression in all forms.
Your statement smacks of sexism and
something that can only be called age'ism;
it implies that only the young are open'

ln the box appearing on page 29 of .the
12|19174 issue of !VlN the number of
'the

"World

Peace

" Lobby for Conscious Obiection to
lncome Tax-the 'World Peace-fax
Fund' Bill, H.R. 7053. Urge Your
'representative and senators to join-1 4'
present sponsors of H.R. 7053. lìrformation on H.R. 7053 and 'How to l-ob'
by by Mail' is available from WPTF
Sieeiing Committee, Box '1447, Ann

Arbor, Ml 43106."

i

li
.¡

Tax Fund," Bill

was misquoted. The correct number is
H.R. 70i3. The Box shòuld have read:

'

Mary Mayo Susan Pines . re.d RoÞein
Murray Rosenblith Martha Th omases

'.,
'.

UNINDICTED
CGCONSP¡RATORS

4.

¡'jT

Jan Barry.. Lancé 8€lvllle . Jêrry Cofln
Lynns Coffln . Ann Davldon . Dlana Davles

Ruth Oeâr. Ralph Dlcia. Brlan Doherty
Foldy. Jlm For€st. Leah Frltz. Larry Gara
Nell Haworth. Ed Hôdemann . Grace Hedemann
Kårla Jay. Marty J€zer Becky Jo¡nson
Naribi Johnson. Paul Johnson . Alllson Karp9l
Cralg Kårpêl . John Kyper . Ellot Llnrer
Jackson Mac Low r Davld McR€ynolds j.'
Davld Morr¡s . Jlm Peck . Tad Rlchards '
lgal Roodenko. Nancy Roson . Ed Sandepr- ,

SOth

Wêndy Schwartz . Art Waskow . Allan Youfi$,
Bovèfly Woodward

The drawinls on the cover and pagefour are by the VietnameseartistVo
Dinh. These drawings, along with several others, were created exclusively
for the work of the School of Youth for Soçial Service in Cholon, Vietnam.

Rifton / New York
Telephone: 91 +339- 4585

Box

547

/

1247i :"

WIN ls publlshed w€€kly except for th€ f¡rst

two we€ks ln January, 2nd wæk ln May, last 4
wþ€ks ln August, and tho last week ¡n October
by tho WIN Publlshlng Emplre wlth tho support
of the war Reslsters Lêague. Subscrlpt¡ons arê
$11.00 per year. Second class postage at New

Yoik, NY roool. lndlvldual wrlt€rs are r€sponfor oplnlons e,(pr€sssd and accuracy of
facts glvsn¡ SorrlFmanuscrlpts cannot b€ re.
Slble

turnod unless ãccompånl6d by a s€lt ã¡ddr€3sôd
Prhted ¡n U.S.A.
stamp€d onvelopè

WIN

3

legislators, lawyers associations, and labor unions. Although it is a loose confederation with contradictory
politics, Thieu's power is dependent almost exclusively on the army and police for support-not the people.

JACK COLHOUN

t

'¿

rhE vierNAM cRisis qETs hor

The.crisis in Saigon is intense and becomih'd'moie intense" Sim ultaneous with the disintegration 9f the
Nguyen Van Thieu regime is the political an d eco
nomic disarray which haunts Washington itself, not
to mention the serious malady which.is festering in
the world economy un der American hegemonY. The
confluence of these problems,al a time when the
basic legitimacy of rhe us Preside ncy is under scrutiny, leaves the US hard pressed to bai I out its Saigon
Diploal I ies. As Gabriel Kolko wrote in Le Monde.,
matique:
The wor in the Middle East, thè hazards of the
world economy, and the serious deterioro.tion o.f
'àetunte' have imposed new priorities on United States
foreign policy, Despìte how much-it moy wont to'
Wosh¡ngton cannot socrifÌce its fundamentol interests
in other points of the globe in order to try to reverse
the bolahce of forces more and more unfavorable in
South Vietnam, which in the relatively n-eor fu.ture
must result ¡n á pne victory in this conflict which
has losted for 30 Yeors.
Although the growth of the Third Force pplitical
opposition to Thieu has been gradual, by Seþtember
it had become a serious threat to Saigon. lts. roots can
be traced to the primarily Buddtist opposition to
Ngo Dinh Diem in the early 1S99'l and.Nguycn Cao
K! when he assumed power in'1966. Also, after the
1967 elections some opposition remained in the
Senate and Assembly' Oppositipn continued to a
lesser degree in the late 19601s as student demonstra'
tions pic"ked up when Buddhist resistance declined'
As lat'e as 1971a slate of ten dissidents led by Vu Van
Mau were elected during the 1971 elections.
When the ceasefire negotiations became more
serious, Thieu's police dragnets rouäded up tens of
thousands of his opponents. Continued US support
.for Saigon's increasingly repressive policies clearly
slowed-Third Force developmen! but the repression
ultimately proved incapable'of stemming the anti'
Saigon tide.
Óurrent Third Force strength, according to the
New York Times, "has been building during the' 21
months of disilldsion, economic decline ànd war that
have followed the signing of the Paris peace agree'
ments."
However, the explanati on of Vietnam Report, .pub'
lished by thô Association of Vietnamese Patriots in
Canada, is more Precise:
The anti-Thieu movement is the direct result of
the wor policy, corruption, dictotoiship an.d repres'
i¡on of democîatic tiberties which ore distinct fea'
tures of the Soigon regime These aspecQ' ' ,love
iieote¿ the preient economic andsociol crisis in the
regions under Soigon control, Tþ,ey are aJsg the origins
oítn, misery, grievonce ond suffering o! the urban
population.
, ,Thot is why Thieu hos become the main
'taiget
of the urban populatìon's struggle, . .
The Third Force is a loose coalition o-f Catholics,
Buddhists, iournalists, students, veteran's groups,'
Jack Colhoun is editor of Amex

I

Canada.

A central position in lhe opposition is held by the i
Catholic Anti-Corruption Movement led by Father
' Tran Huu Thanh. Thanh's grçup has arisen from the
former stronghold of the Saigon.Government-rigbt-wing anti-communisf Catholics. Not surprisingly ..
Thanh has focused his campaign on the corruptiori
which pervades the Government. ln the halcyon days
of abundant US aid, "corruption was tolerable because the fat came off Uncle Sam not the average
Vietnamese."
ln Thanh's campaigning, as reported in The New
York Times and The llashington Post, little mention
- is made of implementing the Paris Agreements. " l'm
an anti-Communist, but not the way Thieu is.. 'l accept the'idea of peaceful coexistence with the Communists, we can't kill them all. lt's their country, too,"
sãys Thánh. Thanh's idea of "peaceful .ooexistence,"

t+J

e{
U

however, sees the PRG as a distinct minority in'any

' future Government while the PRG points to the Paris
Agreement, Article 12, which stipulates a "National
Cóuncil of Natio-nal Reconciliation and Concord
of three equal segments" which incluìles the Thieu
Governmen! the PRG, and the Third Force.
The Catholic Anti'Corruption Movement has its
divisions, though, and many priests are reluctant to
criticize Thieu so directly. There are some left Catholics who could exercise some influence, but up to
now they have rernained in the background. The real '
nature oî the. Catholic movèment is reformism: "We
could overthrow President Thieu in a couple of weeks,
but that wouldn't do the coüntr! much good. Whatr '
i
we really want is reform," Thanh explains.
The Buddhist movement centers around the National Forces of Reconciliation led by Sen. Vu Van
Mau. The group has political ties with the An Quang
Pagoda which played a leading role in the opposition
to Diem. Compared to the Catholic movement the
Buddhists are quite militant and campaign around the
[mplementation of the Paris Agreement. Thich Tri
Thu, an An Quang Pagoda leader says that because
Thieu is an obstacle to peace, "the Buddhists cannot
possibly accept the leader of the present GovernmenL
Ñor can we accept any similar leader in the future."
Retired General Duong Van Minh, who led the
overthrow of Diem in 1963, has taken a militant stand
against Thieu characterizing his regime as "a violentWIN

2

4WtN

5

.r'

thirsty Government having no longer any regard.for
anyone. . ." Big Minh went on to say Thieu's is "a
regime that has completely lost the confidence of the
people" and called for a new Government. Minh was
also present at the An Quang Pagoda when Vu Van
Mau announced the founding of the National Forces

out of the closet the old stand-by-predicïons of

óRV-pnC offensive. He also promised "within three
armonths" to'reduce the level of corruption iÍl the
and Governmenl
"mv'Àítñorslt
much of the speeih was conciliatory,
¡ui *ltll"üt substance, the opposition rqaçted quite

of Reconciliation.

negatively. Since the Third Force is anti-communist, ..
it ãidn't áppreciate being dubbed communilt "lackey"
as Thieu did several times in explaining why any o¡
ãtsition to him was dangerous' Furthermore, the talk
'n^J
l¡ttt. effect on the street demon'strations. By midöäoU"t, The Washington Post noted "for the'first
time in íears, the common fecíple of Saigon showed
i real spãrk óf interest ln supporting this rhorning's

Growing unemployment coupled with uncontrolled
inflation has led to some action by workers and unions.
Worker activitl, is significant because most trade
unions are puppets of the Thieu Government. The
CIA is known, as well, to have many contacts within
the union movement. Most union activity has been in
response to layoffs and inflation. Twelve unions representing 30,000 workers in Bien Hoa called "for a

strict control of prices, prohibition of'abusive' sacking of workers, participation of unions in decisions relating to economic and social policies, and action
against corruption." Workers have also been active in
the railroad, milk processing, and glass industries. Bus
workers to the west of Saigon have waged a fight for

their: rights.

An important indication of Thieu's isolation is that
in late October Tran Quoc Buu, President of South
Vietnam's largest union, the Confederation of Vietnamese Trade Unions, "issued an appeal for the eradication of corruption, the implementation of the Paris
truce agreements and the establishment of democratic
liberties." Buu, in the past, has been a staunch Thieu

supporter.
Dissatisfaction with the existing trade union movement has led to the creation of a new organ¡zation,
the Committee for the Defense of Workers' Rights.
The committee is headed by Father Phan Khâc Tu,
the chaplin of the Young Christian Workers move
menl Tu calls for the "re-establishment of democratic
liberties, such as the freedom of assembly and the
freedom of travel, as sti'pulated by Article ll of the

,t

Paris accords"

energy to the Women's Mövement

for the

Right to Life and the Peoples' Organization for the
lmplementation of the Raris AgreemenL She also belongs to the Peoples' Front Against Famine and for
National Salvation.
Since the Paris Agreements the press has been
severely harassed by Thieu. The threat of closure, arrests of journalists, and confiscation of papers has
limited press opposition until this fall. lronically, it
was the confiscation of three Saigon dailies in midSeptember that set the stage for the first largescale
public anti-Thieu demonstration and also helped to
galvanize further press opposition. The papers seized
contained lndictment Number 1, a 6count "indict'
ment" of the Government by Father Thanh. The
demonstrat¡on led to street bonfires while opposition
deputies shouted ant¡-Thieu slogans on the streets.
The issue offreedom of the press has led to the
formation of the Committee To Struggle for Freedom
of the Preiss and Publícation as well as another rally of
about 100 Catholic priests, Buddhists and opposition
6
2

wlN

Madame Ngo Ba Thanh before her arrest and imprisonment.

Photo by Don

For the last two years a group of left Catholics
have waged a campaign to free Thieu's political
prisoners. Recently, however, very influential rightwing Catholics have become involved. Up to now,
these Catholics have been silent supporters of Thieu.
Mnre. Ngo Ba Thanh, a political prisoner released
during the summer of 1973 while the US Congress
was considering aid cuts, has given þer seemingly
'limitless

transfer of three military corps commanders. But
early the same day the folice raided Saigon's National
Press Club where more ìhan fifty iournalists had
gathered to prepare for the day's demonstration'
Shooting and fighting broke out during the raidAmong lhose béat and arrested was Ho'Ngoc Nhuan, i
an opposition dePutY.
Thä police raid prompted a group of 44 le-gislators :.
to call on the U$ Congress to úíe its good.offices*to .
' terminate the Saigon Governmént's "policy of brutalizing deputies, prlests, reporters and of the savagê
reprässiån of ihe people.;' Their statement also drew
attention to the fact that Saigon authorities "have
*
ur"ã US aid and assistahce to iepress the people" and
bear
responsishould
therefore the "US Government
bility for that policy. . ." Simultaneously, Tran Van
president of the Saigon Bar Association, isíued a
' Ti,
statement denouncing policé repression. ;'
Early November seemed to be a crossroads for the
.opposition movements. Big Minh responded to Govern.r"nt violence with a call for a new government. Father
'j inanh met with his staff to discuss Stiategy and came
out of the meeting calling for Thieu's resignation for
the first tine. Hisiuperior, ArcKbishop"Ngqyen Van
Binh, has made it knowh in prlvate that he thinks .
¡
Ttranh has gone too far. The Buddhists are continuing ¡
their anti-Gãvernment pressure but are still reluctant

a

Luce/LNS

,t

politicians. In mid-November opposition newspapers
shut down for two days in protest of a lower house of
the National Assembly's support for a bill which only
slightly reduces Thieu's power to confiscate newe
papers. Although Thieu was forced to make minor
modification in the law, his political base in the Nadonal Assembly has yet to abandon him.
Third Force opposition groups have many contradictions among them and the confluence of these
'
diverse movements has produced the first serious
political crisis for Saigon since the ceasefire. At first
Thieu responded with kid'gloves to the street demonstration5. He summoned the remnants of the Catholic
community to his side by having priests appear on
national TV to make proThieu appeals and denounce
Father Thanh's movemenL Police repression was
conspicuously absent.

Next he took to national TV to make a long
awaited response to charges of corruption. ln a two
hour speèch, which drew the cómment that it resembled a Nixon Watergate pronouncement Thieu
denied the allegations and offered to resign if "the
entire people and army no longer have confidence in
me." Like his former Washington mentor, he failed
to respond point-by-point to the charges lèvelled
against him and made constant reference to his
enemies-the Communists-who would gain from
domestic unrest. When really in trouble, he brought

"
anii-government
- 1ñ. growth ofProtesl
support for the demonsfrations did
not go õnnoticed byihieu, who dqok a mycf h3rder
oosiiion on demonitrations. His pdlice arld'plainåloth"r detectives were let off their leashes and atäãíi.J news correspondents and demonstrators, the
effect of which was not to put a damper on. demonitrations but to rïake them more militant. ln. late Oçióber several hundred students occupied the National
Assembly, smashed glass doors and hurle-d plant pots
across the street. The police cordoned off the area \
wi,th barbed wire and eventually the demonstration
died down while'3,000 gathered in Hue to hear
from the'Bu¿dhist National Reconciliation
ió.át
"tt
the same period Father Ttanh went
During
Êor""t.
towns in the Mekong Delta'
through
tour
a
on
-'opposition to be arrested were 14
of
t-he
nrst
tne
'the National Assembly'
students who occupieif
to have plainclothes police
taciic'is
Thieu
Áñotnt,
shadow opposition figures: "a Catholic priest was
i"oÀrt.¿tv tollowed 6y three plainclothes men into a
th'eatre w'h.t. u Charlie'Chaplin film was playing,"
fht Nr* York Times reported. The tempo quickly
picked up as violent clashes began to break out be[*""n pótit. and anti'Thieu demonstrators' A session
of the iower house of the Nationafrassembly erupted
pistol
"ìntä irmuir . .as ashtrays were thiown and a
wasfired into the air. .." in mid-November' The uproar was the result of a debate over a Government
bìä which only partially lifts a ban on political partiés other than the President's. Sen. Doan Van Luong
ãr'rát*.á that Thieu's police, a few days earlier, fired-.
i"lã T ãt"*¿ of anti-ö over n ment demônstrators, kil linn on. and wounding 12 others in the village of
öi""ñiln, i¡.ur70 mÏles northwest df Saigon' About
i.OOO òertont had gathered near the local Catholic
óñrttf't. Fighting broke out when secret police at'
i"rotà¿ tõ absðond with the microphon'es and broke
iwo'altars in front of the church. Then Government
troops burned ten houses'
During this period Thieu was considering what
he'would have to malie in hopes of co"on-.ðttioîi
åoting the opposition into coming off-the streets' . Ëirtfi. secuie¿ the resilnation of lnformation Minihis closest
s,rcr fuoung Duc Nha, his cousin and one of

to engage in mass protests and violence.
gy lãte November, however, the opposition movet.nt s.ets to have pulled back. The New York Times
writes that "sóme politiéians and foreign diplomats
'
believe that Mr. Thieu has maneuvered shrewdly and
of
his
erosion
the
to
check
weeks
in
recent
itittfrtty
oãtiti"uí power. He has made some small concessions

io ttre oppos¡tion and then

'talk"

During the fall's heightened activities, the l¡beration forcõs have made iheir position clear. ln early

'i
September Hanoi's prestigious Nhan Dan called.for
government
which
a
of
'Itñã ¡mmediate installation
wåulJ implement the accords of Paris and one which

:

The '.,'
,;
Þarisian daly Le Monde noted that preceding the
Nhan Dan dómands, the editorial review.ed the action .'
*orfã

Ut¡ng about peace..and national concord"'

,

':i

oi iñe l¡beration foices in the south during August:

' ". . .This ryï-age seemed to^announce a.hardening oh 't 't', "
the
oart of Hanoi and the PRG."
-":ftt"
part of the liberation
rnilituty activ¡ty on the

forces during t'he summer made it clear that they're,
iñ top tft"p"]They have, in fact,-recaptured most of '
ifie tänitory taken by Saigon in land. grabbing aotions
imme¿iateiy after the cease.firg was signed' The'in-

il;t"d tt¡iitury initiative i3 nðt an announcemqnt'of
i new PRG-pRV general offensive but rather a denxrh'
the.
ittution to

Saigon of their military capabilitiesat

all military

caPabilitY.

1

ment that by the end of 1974,377 field-grade army
ómi.rt wouid be fired fcjr "corruption and dishonest
activities." No generals were. on thq !ist, however' Just
äõiönéilàn¿ mãiors got the boot' when thrs gesture
i..u.¿ inadequate, Thieu came on with a carrot in
ãnã flin¿ and a stick in the other. He announced the

i

--'{'

sime time tnuiUS military aid cut backs have forced
iàstrictions of Saigon air and artillery strikes and over-

with the resignations of three other
"àuit"tt, t¡n¡tiers. As an effort it defupe the opposition,
"ibinét
it failed. This move was followed by the announcea-Íong

he gave them some tough

By mid'-Septe mber Nhan Døn published an even
mo-e significint editorial calling for the overthrow of
fnieu ¡ñ the near future. lt stated, "the war will con'
tinue until there is a complete cessation of American
aid." "The fall of President Thieu will be desired and
prepared by the Americans, who are already trying to
manipulate the opposition movements.by remote control.'í The PRG. about the same time, issued a state'
ment charging ÚS involvoment in the grooming of a
successor to Thieu.

'

"

^

'

wtN

7

,T

ln Saigon the PRG on October 8 announced that

it had broken off negotiations with the Thieu Governmenl The PRG also demanded the immediate overthrow of Thieu, the implementation of the paris

Agreement and the end of US ,,interference" in
Vietnam. This is an important move since the pRG
hds been quite successful diplomatically and political-

ly by negotiating and showing willingnóss to imple-

ment the Agreements. lt is thought this signals the
PRG belief that Thieu's days are drawing to a quick
closc.

The liberation forces suspect that the US is implementing contigency plans for the repfacement of
Thieu with a-new Pres¡dent, who would carry out the
same policies but look more respectable, and therefore be able to buy crucial time by diverting the opposition movement. Another important factor is tire
aid-trimming US Congress. A Mr. Clean in Saigon,
with some popular support, it is reasoned, woul¡'

make it less

diffcult to guide aid programs thîough

Congress.

Thieu himself in speeches has made reference to
"Communist and coloilíalist" financial support of the
opposition movemenL ,'Colonialist is a euphemism
for Americans. . . and Thieu is thought to be concerned
that the United States, despite iis public stance of
support for him, might turn against him if it appeared
that he could not control the country and if another.
viable leader surfaced."
There is no doubt that Washington has active contingency plans for replacing l hieu. lt is no secret that
a large number of experienced Vietnam experts have
been commuting between Washington and Saigon in
order to resolve the current political crisis. For example, Henry Cabot Lodge, the US Ambassador to South
Vietnam during the period of the assassination of Ngo
Dinh Diem, spent about a week in Saigon during Sep
tember. The infamous Gen. Edward Lansdale, the
legendary CIA saboteur and tactician, left for a two
month mission to Saigon in mid-September.
Lodge's presence either indicates indirect pressure
on Thieu to resign or the cultívation of old ,,d'epend-

{"È

able" Vietnamese associates. Lodge didn't meet with
leaders of the Thieu regime or the Third Force. lnstead he met with people associated with the old Di-

-

em Government. Thot Boo Ga, a Vietnamese newspaper reported: "lt is important to note that Lodge
was a key figure in. the coup against Diem and that he
hgd close contact with the coupls leaders and other
political and religious personalities. Also noteworthy
is that Landsdale holds a personal grudge against Thieu
for blocking his plan to put together a right-wing coalition in 1967;then Thieu forced l-ansdale out of the
country. Lansdale is "either getting his Vietnamese
proteges to join a right-wing coalition that can replace
Thieu, or he is trying to scare Thieu into resigning
peaceful l y. "

Another key American is 4 rising star on the Kissinger staff-Douglas Pike. ln August and September,
Pike met with several prominent Vietnamese while in
Saigon. Since his return to Washington, he has met

with

several key US journalists anC columnists, such
Alsop and Rowland Evans and Robert

as Joseph

Nova( "presumably to brief them of possible changes
of leadership in Saigon and what they would mean."
One of the most steadfast supporters of Thieu in
the past has been the current US Ambassador, Graham
Martin. Martin returned to Saigon cn October, 1 after
spending two months in Washington participating in

2

8

WIN

top level strategy sessions and appearing before Congressional committees. Testifying before the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee, Martin responded
tersely to a question from Hubert Humphrey on
' "what would happen if Thieu were out of power, what
kind of government,would follow." "l mvself do not
anticipate that any change in individuals would cause
any deviation from the thrust of the Government of
South Vietnam." Martin left Saigon afer a five day
stäy, presumably to fly back to Washington. CIA'
Director William Colby is also known to have paid a
secret visit to Saigon.
How suçcessful US maneuvers have been at this
point is difficult to determine. lt seems very likely.
that Father Thanh keeps in close touch with the
Amèricans, and if he doesn't his superiors do and keep
him in line. Thanh's background is classical pro-collaborationist Vietnamese. ]n 1954 after the Geneva
Accords hê presented the American puppet Diem'
with a plan for an anti-communist network along the
Ho Chi Minh Trail. i'The plan was rejected but Father
Thanh was offered the job of forming Republican
Youth'cadres under the direction of Ñgo'Dinh Nhu,
the President's brother and the power figure of the
regime." More recently he has led anti-communist

Minister of Social Welfare and Land Development and
Hamlet Building. Over the last three years Dan has
risen from obscurity to a position of high power. lt is
well known'that his meteoric fise is due to the influence of "high United States officials.in Saigon." Accordirlg to Edward L. Block, a former official of the
US Agency-for lnternational Developmentwho advised Dan with respect to land development and hamlet building, Dan "would mean more of the3ame' . ."
Ì
l
1

i.
I

The questions of how successful Thieu will be in
holding on or, conversely, how successful the US will
be in finding a replacement who will continue the same
basic policiõs is difficult to answer at this point in
itre stiuggle. A more basic question-ls it possible'for
any Saigon Government to continue the same policies?-can be answered no. As long as the US suffers
from economic and politic4l inst4bjlity, is preoccuþied
with other pressing lssues of foreiglr policy, and is

change was not merely coincidental with Thieu's dif-

ficulties in forming a new cabingt. According to Thanh,
"We don't need to have demonstrations now." Soon
afterwards the Governmçnt issue.d a communique

"reminding citizens of the decree laws banning the
possession or distribution of published documents
'detrimental to national security'. . .li was clearly I
aimed at the opposition móvement's literature." The
lnterior Ministry followed this.up with a warning "to
citizens to avoid illegal meetings and demonstraiions."
By mid-November Thanh issued a proposal fof the

formation of "a 12-member nàtional leadership dnd
advisory counsel that would guide the President on
major policy.l' Nhon Don replied that the proposal

clearly "unmasked" Thanh's intentions to find a
mechanism by which Thieu could stay in power. ln
Saigon the PRG repeated its October 8 demands, including the immeiliate overthrow of Thieu. The PRG
also attacked Thanh for his "cunning tricks.'"

*

psychological warfare courses for Saigon colonels.

Thanh has boasted, "Among my students, I can count'
'six generals. lt is because of
this that Thieu is afraid
of me." Thanh has the 'ltacit approval" of the Vatican.
The Vatican's history, it should be recalled, includes
several dismal chapJers of collaboration with the Nazis.
during their reign of terror. The Vatican has been
charged with helping Nazi war criminals escape into
the undlrground after Hitler's defeat; Furtheimore,
Henry Cabot Lodge is the current US representative
to the Vatican. Some observers feel the Vatican would
not have given Thanh "facit', support arìd would not
have written two secret reports, critical of Thieu and
arguing that his continued regime is beneficial to.the
PRG, if the US had been actively opposed. . t
. Perhaps the central Vietnamese figure in the palace
plots is Tran Quoc Buu, President ofthe Confederation of Vietnamese Trade Unions. Buu's union "has
long been known to be a CIA front; large sums of
money have been funneled into it by rh; AFL-CIO
and the German Konrad Adenaler Éoundation." His
relationship with George Meany, the head of the AFLClO, and.the US Government goes back to the days
of the Johnson Administration. Meany argued with
the administration that Vietnamese tràde unions such
as Buu's were critical to American interests. ,,probably
because o-f his connections and power, a number of
polítical figures in Washington were tól¿ by usually
reliable sources in láte August that Buu haä been
chosen to_ replace Thieu at the head of a new rightwing coalitioñ." However, it is by no means certain

that Buu will replace Thieu.
For reasons of the US Government's relations with
Congress,.which are central to obtaining greater aid allocations, a "peaceful" transition of powãr in Saigon
is desired, This is especially necessary coming on lhe

heels of the Watergate dirty tricks discussion of Kennedy Administration involvement in the Diem assas.
sination. At present Thieu has given no intention of
stepping down without putting up a fighl Already he
,,the two men
.has destroyed the/careers of
who were
closest in line to succeed him constitutionally."
Another possiþle successor to Thieu is Dr. phan
Quang Dan, currently Deputy Prime Minister and

?.

å

p

I

l
I
i

:

I

Anti-Thleu demonstrators ¡åttt¡ng pollce ¡n Saigon. Photo from LNS.

I

I

faced witli the possible economic collapse of the
United Kingdom, France, and ltaly, its policy options

in Vietnam are critically limited. ¡1
As long as the political, economig and military
problems which plague Saigon rema¡n unsolved, as
they will until peace comes to Vietnam, the country
will remain a tinder box. This is especially the case
since the political, military, and economic crises in
neighboring Cambodia are also intensifying and will
have an effect on South Vietnam. The contradictions
in South Vietnam are coming to a'climax, and will be
resolved within the next two or three years at the
latest.
Whether the Washington-Saigon axis

will be able to
hold the line in the short-term is not so clear. The New
York Times reports onp Vietnamese source as saying,
"lf he is smart, Thieu can stay on until the end of his
term (in the fall of 1975). lf he is unlucky, he may go
faslt'Another source predicts, "lt is only a matter of
time." Le Monde writes, "The erosion of powers held
by General Thieu have alrçady undergonè an irreversíble process. . .A Government member particularly
well placed has already made it known that'the question' will be resolved before thg end of*the year."
A major tactic of the Washington-saigon axis is
working through Father Thanh "to manipulate the
popular struggle" as the PRG charged in late November. After the street fighting in late October, Thanh
'announced
"his intention to switch for a while from
marihes to meetings." Thanh noted that this tactical

When considering the present political struggle in '
Saigon, it should always be kept in mind that political
struggle, although the liberation force's current priority, is only one element of the strategy of revolutionary wars of liberation. Thê two other important aspects of strategy are fought on the economic and mili-

tary fronts. Economically, the liberated zones are
much more sound than the Thieu controlled.areas in'
!" :l
that they are able to provide the basic nécessities of
life, whereas hunger is widespread and even starvation
has been reported in Saigon controlled areas. Mili'
tarily, the morale of .the Saigon army is quite low and'
US military aid cuts have seriously restricted its opera-.
tions, while'the military.capability of the liberation
forces has never been Èreater. 1'
.n
As for the final demise of Thieu or any like-minded'
successor, we should look for a political victory rather
than a È¡ilitary assault. ln reviewing the defeat of the
French colonialists in lndochina in 1954, the Army
Combat Forces Journal drew parallels between the vic',
tory of the liberation forces in China and the Viet
Minh's victory. "The deadly parallels between the t¿ctics of the Red Chinese and'the Viet Minh is nowhere
more precise than in adherence to Mao's dictum to be
cautious and patient in assaulting cities. Mukden fell
to the Red Chinese in 1947 and Viet Minh forces
walked victoriously into Hanoi in 1954," The referenpe to Mao Tse-tung's ten military principles is "As
for strongly defended enemy fortifled points and .
cities, wait until the conditions are ripe and then take

them."
wtN

9

for example, read "Do Not Kill Your Fellow Vietnamese.'l Although to people in Europe and America

prisons,
disease,
of untreated
of tortures in

of pathetic

Saigon.

Devi Prasad. Photo by Davld McReynolds.

A SHONT IÌ{TEßVIEW
WITH
DEVI PNASAI)
fhe following is an interview done by

Croig Simpson

w¡th Dev¡ Prosqd in November following DevÌ's tour
of South and Southeast Asio including India, Maloysia,
lndonesio, Singopore, and Bongladesh, He visited
Soigon for a week in lote August when the UnifÌed
Buddhist Church began its "Don't Kill Yóur Brother
Campaign." Croìg Simpson is o staff person for the
l'lor Resisters lnternotionql in Belgium. Devi Prasod is

t

å

WRI's Chqirmon.

llhat is the Pol¡t¡czl Environment in South Vietnam
like presently?
I would like to make four observations and all relate
to the tremendous mass oppositíon to the present
government told by several people that any thinking
person would oppose. Those who support President
Thieu and his regime of course "benefit" from it.
1) There is a fantastic amount of corruption. For
example, the huge military budget and the real number of servicemen in the South Vietnamese Army. I
was told on record the South Vietnamese Army has
1,100,000 soldiers but in reality only 500,000. A bat-

talion is supposed to have 136 soldiers but there are
only 20. So there is a campaign against corruption.

Z) fne two committees on the question of prisoners are becoming more and more important in the
network of opposition. There are over 200,000
political prisoners although the government refuses
to admit having any. These committees have the
names of tens of thousands of prisoners and publish
some very good literature.
3) One sectlon on the Unified Buddhist Church
(UBC), particularly the An Quang Pirgoda is organizing a national reconciliation campaign. Slogans used,

2

10

wlN

What are the makeup ond goals of the movem"ni, ,o
help prisoners?
There are two committees in South Vietnam: a
general or National Committee and a Buddhist Committee. The National Committee is demanding free,
untried and acquitted defendants; that those imprisoned beyond their sentence, children, aged, invalids and pregnant mothers be released; that all unlawful arrests and unlawful incarceratión be stopped;
that the policy of ill treatment and torture of prisoners and using prisoners to rule other prisoners be
stopped; that political prisoners be considered opponents of lhe presenf regime and not criminals
afainst the government; that people just freed from
prison be given assistance to lead normal lives. lt is

working toward these goals.
The Buddhist Prison Committee is working to
prepare a list of prisoners, to provide moral and material assistance, and to campaign for their rpleáte.
One man spent seven of ten years imprisoned in
and out of tiger cages. He was kept, say, foi a month
in the tiger cage and then transferred to a prison with
a slightly larger space for a few days before being
brought back to the tiger cage. He spent seven years
in this manner. The old tiger cages were extremely
inhumane but those new cages built with US money
are monstrously inhumane. His ration was reduced
from 700 grams to 500 grams. Now, after release, he
lives in a village but has to come to Saigon every week.
He has no work and is finding it extremely hard to
feed his far¡ily. "l do not know how I can carry on
like this," he told ffie, 1r¿¡d alsg look after my family."
What about Conscientious Objectors in South Viet-

nom?

I had heard that a large number of young men lvere
either refusingpr avoiding service by becoming
monks and t¡king refuge in the pagoda. This seems
ûo be stìll true in the rural areas but in Saigon, I was
told it has become almost impossible for the pagodas
to give their protection to draft resisters. There is a
very constant watch kept by special police on every
pagoda-so much so that anyone opposing Thieufs
government or Þarty is under surveillance by the
special police. lt is well known that if people are
caught hiding in a pagoda not only they but their
families or their relatives will be arrested and imprisoned.

it-

Speak strongly about:
the Crimes that can never be erased;

An Quang Pagoda and I had them in my notes and
papers but they were seized by police while walking
on the streets. This happened twice during my visit in
4) The political and challenging phenomenon of the
Third Force is gradually emerging and will eventually
take shape on the basis of self-selection and selfelimination. Up till now it has neither crystalized nor
become very powerful-particularly against the enormous power of the Thieu regime which they are op
posing. lt is neutral, political, popular, and does not
speak of violent action. lt consists of forces excluding
those on the extreme right and extreme leff TheThird Force has very active liaison with the PRG on
one hand and on the other a fair degree of infiltration
in the government represented by the extreme righl

will do

We

it may sound innocent, it is an extremely meaningful
for Vietnamese. There were several banners on

slogan

._

t

puPpets

uná po*.r" hungry prppått.ers'

will tell our f¡iends about Vietnarn
About its strength and fortitude
The will to survive

We came in search of old friçnds.

'fhe three of us, old activisti, new comradps
had lived with Vietnam most of our lives'
-'.
ln h<¡urs of outrage and protçst,
in nightmares of shame and horror
ln wãeks of solidarity and conceiii

'

against the
We

*

19 years old,
guarding the bridge in the rain.
Too shy to talk with us,
Not tóo timid for the rifle on her back.
.With memories of an old woman,
her'mouth red with the taste of beeíle leaves,
amazed at meeting Americans
on a ferr! near her home.
She looks at us,

,'

Our lnspiration
Filtered through-a thousand photos,
a million words
an abundance of facts
'
and the stories of travellers,
who've come before.

tells us simply about the bombing
and asks about our children.
We will bring home memories
of_tþe baskets in the,market at Dong Ha

But WE had never breathed Vietnam before
Or watched iis wirnder with our own eyes
Travelled its highways to liberation
This was, for us, all nerv

on sale, cheapcrafts of peace from the products of war.
May Robert McNamara turn over in his living grave!
We will talk of all these things,
about the U.S. airbase whose runways

Up close:

You nrust walk through a hundred rivers
because the bridges are gapinq holes.
Up close:

You can see the forests that once had timber
antl jangled steel in fields meant for growing food'
Up close:
:t
Vietnam is something real.

odds

will do it with memorics:
of the militia girl,

,

Vietnam has been our awakening

I

As Real as the man in Vinh who fishes with one arm
The scars of war are everywhere
As Real as a peasant child who now has a chance at life
The sparks of hope are everywhere.
As Real as the moment of truth will be
as Precious as independence of the free
A Country, in three,
be one'
We can say that now with

:

We

TO MEET OLD FRIENDS

now keeP houses together
providing the wall
on which hangs
a picture of Uncle Ho.
Vietnam was everything we thought it would be

And more
much more.
Enough

to

keep ourselves engaged

in getting our country unengaged.
We came in search of old friends
And found them.

will

assurance.

A soldier told us that in Quang Tri

{

,

A student in Thanh Hoa
That was the message of the man in Hanoi
and on the liPs of twelve Proud
women who spend theii days sapping rubber from trees.

"'-

i'

Schechter
DannY
-Cqrol.lçurtz

í

Steve Cagan

Indochina Peace Compoign delegation,,.

' Hanoi

18 October'1974-

,

''

We met a people who speak with one voice
in quiet tones, in a gentle waY
who speak with courage in

the jungles of war or the mud of reconstruction
A people who want their lives to be their own
and will settle for nôthing less.

flow do we now take this lnessage home?
To lives of affluence or manipulated ignorance,
To leaders of indifference and imperial calculation
How do we tell our own
about our rveeks in V,ietnam'

wlN

1

r..

THE ALIVE BROWN EYES

\ e

s

Shrapnel pieces in the cloud
X-ray of the skull and a lake
where the hole is.

s

Flecks in the lecherous

€

s

gape

,.tÍ'

.l

(chickens ånd goats with
slit throats iñ a film of

"Secret Africa" and natives
i4 the dark surrounding.)

0

The face in skelton is

without

a

Cnnol

RubENsrEiN

lndochinrn
Poems

nose but with sockets,

the frontal forehead is a
smooth ice fall and
behind it the world is veiled,
seeing thru the black
X-ray. A green

t!.

\. .?

Negative Preserver gives
data of procedure and date,
Chronological Record of Exposures.
It is a Terminal Digit.
From the top the
bubbles and wires circle in
a garland-on the side the
flukes, the inserted eitras,
goodies for the hungry
which feed on any action..

And the side view

of the clenched teeth bits,
all of them, packed in
.. the jaw, the kernels of corn'
firm, and the sweep
of brow bones and
the buildup of cloud and
bone complicating into
base of skull, where

\

the head balloons.
The four X-rays fall back
into the Negative Preserver,

FADING MOUNTAIN WASHED AWAY BY
TEARS
The weather affects the war:
rains,,rhick fog and low-hanging clouds roday grounded
, I:_Tî":
nunoreds of hel¡copters needed and .even ground
convoys to the
hundreds

of

needed

forward allied base at 12 miles east of dangerous
battle plans
supply network in half inside toward sweãping
up sizeable
ammunition caches by saíd he expected his
iroops to during
the next ten days to push u"ror, ,"hirh ,iorr.J
the border
open. Owing to the fading mountain washed
I/^el9
away by rain.
7800 lose jobs in wig slump crisis:
More than 7800 people Hong_Kong,s wíg
industry contracted shar:ply
during the last three monrhs of wai *"uãt,rr. jrring
the last
three months of war rose their heads un¿ r"r"i¡r"

washed away.

9 Februory
Hong Kong

lg7î

iã¿Jng ,.hïrntuin

the head owner prefers
not to have the hole f¡lled
altho he now holds his head,
just tb lean his hand on iq
now leaning on his elbows,
talking with other travelers about
back on Bleeker Street, and
a year ago he was in a hole;

now his mouth hole is articulating
and his naturally somewhat
hoarse voice voice ceases while the
beat on the thumping skeletal
(listening to the calls and beats
on the music vibration,
affecting everyone who hears it)
continues, same as his watch,
seeming to be still and bright
on his wrist.
5 March 1971

Bangkok, Thailond
12 WIN

!1

THE SILENCE OF THE LOADED TRUCK
Carrying ice in gl istening sharp chunks,
large lightstricken coals,

within two tin rectangles,

,..|
a

cans that are buckets.

A cigarette hanging
compressed;w¡thin the
middle of his lips.
ln the ice cream parlor,
the cold fruit drinks,
the Laotian urban elite, ì
not so rich, young,
with their own expansion
on their minds. A truck load
.

of soldiery in war green,
camouflage helmets

dappling into treelight,
back then, in the morning
if was still earl¡ on the
street of afternoon dust
which water buffalos in coats
of mud cross in ghostly substance:
the l¡ttle Lao conscripts,
the silence of the loaded truck.

AprÌl 1971
Vientiane, Laos

2

WIN 13

\:,

the girl oarrying the
blue lattice plastic bucket to the preþared food stall, basins
under the flat screen to keep away insects, or the giri handing
her her choice'in a prastic bag nipþed ¡,t ttre tof wiir, ,ruüårt."¿.
scream, rhe liftlest ones sragger¿*.playing on levels
Il::1i,-0r""
of tabtes, running loudly on the boards, cróúðhing to jump, to

return to earth. A nakéd boy crawls and lifts fr!msetf
at a concrete step.

,pright

'

Along my spine the helicopter and airplane,
the crackle of cindeis rising and_smoke of the woman who turns
suddenly from cooking stirring-near a blackened back fence,
the
wild cluck of fowl rising aird hopping with oúishooting wings.
The.paper rnoney changes hands, the knife hacking and shredding
the long cabbagg the pestle club pounding the coconut in the
mortarbowl, the baby's body being Ëatted where he straddles "
a hip. The hot season is coming-perhaps everyone would
úebetter off dead. lt can be arranged. But you i,uu" to know

I
I

the right

The slim black monkey tied to the little tree at the side
of the movíe theatre and market of Dong Palane in Vientiane
is dancing. He is also escaping the leafy switches the children
thrust at him. He crouches in the tiny tree fork which ejects
outward in bicycle spokes its straight branches. He hanjs
free form.
The children are plãying with sticks at Ue¡ng
swordspeople, part of the Chinese costümed swordplay of the movies

Nobody likes to see a kid being beat up_
she must have done something really bad, taken ã piece åf
money,

they crowd to

see.

lf the helicopter

had rayed down red lines

from its gunship openings, everyone in the neighborhood would be
swinging as if no broken familiar ground or marketplace concrete
existed. For many the rope holding us would be shivered.
We would lie dead, a bundle of lifeless monkey. Or in perpetual
dísconnection, never again properly to dance.
. :t

t
Ð

people.

MONKEY DANCE IN LAOS

saY,there is
more to tife than coveting a gotd bracere,
ht"iliË
",' made less
bananas hanging from long pink paper ribbons
motion,
they would fall into holes in the ground, make cratdrs with
heavy hands. The tiny spider on my knee or the beetle in rapid
transit on my book-l blow them away. Who is to say that the
eggs, coconuts, lemons, tomatoes, bags of beansprouts, mounds
of tubers, cucumbers, are not food for thought?

The knife rests
on the basin and the Lao woman continues slicing the bamboo shoots.
The gleaming nose of a helicopter turns to the sideways buzzand
hack of another helicopter. lts lateral sweep chops the bamboo
shoots to shreds-they spray íll over the land among the pits
and dents the bombs have made.
But the land does not really belong

to these people-they, they have no money. Or not enough to claim,
to be worth while to cultivate their friêndship with interest. Granny,
her lips compressed around betel nut, the dark blood red of
the betel charring her mouth, wéars two gold bracelets; all
her wealth is on her person.

Jl,i'"iiiååîffi

:ijï;lï'"n

norher sha kes h is roo r. H ßX
:
around himself and his endless center-his soJñead establishes
a swoon of limbs, hooking and continuing in a circle-if he
stops, we shall all be unable to see
A

n"t'

,:

gone to a dangerous sharp corner. Everyone is embarrassed
and
srill at Granny's wrath and the welt on the líttle one,s back.
Rich wrapped in banana leaf squares, scallions tied into bunches.
Or maybe the old girl js craqy with worry,
are fatting in this

ciry-that

is

al r.,rpprn¡nfIiitJnj,Tlr{ ""

I

!

bombs

in villages that are no more. The cai on their sides, the well wittr a straù water basket hung on a
tree next to it is full of mosquitoes, the orange robe of
the
monk drapes crookedly, the,conical woven hãt has no memor,y.
'l
..Granny gives the child half a gréêñ popsicle,
the other half
to a smaller one. The popsicle cart jingles ail the kêys
in the opening'universe. The monkey plrng.s.

*::':i :j-

Vienriane rhe pate dusr circutares to tt,r'Lroo,",ll
twigs brought down by the Meo hill people. Circulates to
the motorcycle honing buzzingon the autos, the downward
car sit of the French Citroen, the jeeps with green dead
men
within, the large white cars of the Americunr, th" USAID
cars, and Air America which the CIA outfit ùvith all the
spark
plugs and attendant necessities, ponies in their
backyäras, Lao
gardeners in their gardens. The pails balance oh bam'boo
ioler
a9r.91 t¡" lighrly humping shoulders of quicksrepping foims
of life. The Lao girl on the big white car
{

drink from rhe side of rhe car ,, ,n,

iil3l,:"#i"

"n,J,ll?rlil:
at the wheel. When they drive
off, another large
white car, more a truck, pulls up and two chicks pile on,ln the darkened bar two little madeup Lao chicki laugh upwards
at his remark. At the table he rubs his hand over her back'as
she bends, ass out, for a long time, serving him his drink,
The.rugar cane is being squeezed thru the-wringer by turning a
meshing wheel, and the juice collects beneath, iuns out from
the doubly meshed cane in spittle and thin foam.
sunglasses

this is happening only here, rhar it will end nrr"rDiil""å:l'ri5,
is dropping a jellyfish that is cancerous and is eating the
planet, the rut of the hag is hot, the classical devil prick of
cold black, a hair on the head infecting a blister, is seeking
a fresh sheath.

14 WIN

WIN 15

He has one arm but carries his baskets on a pole
along the other shoulder.

Will it not return to the source, pedal
beneath the bicycling Samlar driver which meets his foot?
He pushes the bearer of this note: Do not strike him in ráge
at the message, think thoughs of cocnut milk, ovedoves.
who ride in his cart seem royal, above ground, rralr fr¡¿¿.nîeTli¿
the five spokes that fan on either side of the carriage's
canvas top. ln privacy and creaking pleasure of a ride, a
momentary small bill to escape the heat.

Note on the illustrations.
First, drawing from a Vletnamese
ch¡ldren's coloring book, "The New
Year's R¡ce Cakes," translatèct & puÞ
lished by lndoch¡na Resource Center.
Next, UPI photo, Saigon, 1965, shows
Vietnamese mother ln traditional
mourn¡n9 garb holding her son & weèÞ
lng at her husband's funeral. Last, three
shadow play flgures from Thalland,
printed ¡n "Alphabets & Ornaments,"
,

Ernest Lehner (Dover, 1968).

At the dark inner of
an open store flies a white butterfly, broken piece of mirror and
flashlight in daylight sent careening by children. The lights
crashing headward in Bangkok where they have all the luck, the
guiding signals at Udorn, enormous military installation
on Thai territory immediately across the Mekong, the stringing
dull whine of the low plane, who is to say what time ¡t ¡s?
ls it time for the death of the people? Or one's own people?
ls there a difference? Who is safe back home, now Un-American
to be American, the great Rocky high crashed so soon, sweet
freedom a pierced cloud,-and who is in possession of what? Can
one be arrested for carrying poison in hidden pockets to cast
to the heavy air in pellets for one's country? ls there any
longer a question or reasonable facsimile or matter of country
to

consider?

\

On both wrists are white knotted strings, they are
tied on by people in a friendship ritual, it welcomes, makes
auspicious any occasion. The frayed ends of the knotted strings
lie in motionless froth except for an unaccountable trembling,
the temple flower at her right ear is yellow and white and dies
on her ear. lt signifies an important event, such as friendship,
and after three days one removes the white strings.
leaves are dusty, one is parched

for love, a refugee

Jl;oo.i""t

how to make himself understood, that he wishes to continue to
live. It is difficult to tell what they are saying on the radio,
since fìrst of all it is in a foreign language and then it is
lies-lies fhat one is given to hear and wear in ornaments,
tattoos tattooed in a map of the hidden heartland. By their
lies shall ye know the truth, and the wet body continues to
secrete its presence.
As in a Chinese movie, the idea of the
monkey is to jump backwards, fly upwards, fly with swords
swinging, flashing. The trick photography and the real acrobatics and fierce choreographic skill join when the airplane
drops it slow thought, descending, your own emblem on the form
flying over your own land, and hope out of the way of Puff the
Magic Dragon, and turn the program off, because it never
happened that one slowly died; it did not ever happen that way,
dyíng one of the myriad creatures.
4

April 197'l

Vientione, Loos

.t

IOO

t

year contract award jumps-in liistory- lts contraçts.¡

nelrly tripled in one year, from g707 million to

LEON REED

Contract awards increased $2.7 billion in Fy74
to a total of $34.4 billion. As usual the bulk of mili_
tary contracts went to very few companies. The .l 00
largest contractors received over 70% of all contracts
awarded. Even within the top ,l00 contractors though,
contract awards were concentrated among a very feiv '
companies. The 25 largest contractors recãived over
half of all contract awards, and the top ten.,received
one-third.
The list of major cóntractors reflected the rising
cost. of petro eu m prod ucts, decreasi ng am m u n itio.-n
production, increased production of nuclear submarine and other ships, and increases in production of
certarn atrcralt systems. More than.anything else, .
though, it doçumented the extent to ri¡hicl"ia few
companies continually receive the lion's share of
military contracts. 61 of this yeafls'100 top con"tiaclors havê been listed among the top l0'0 every
one of the past ten years.
For the first'time in six years, and only t6e third
time in the past 1 3, Lockheed was not thã larsest

military contractor. lt fell to second plaOe wiih contract awards totalling a still-substantial $1.46 billion.
Although this represented over 4o/o of lotal defense
contract awards, it was the lowest total received by

this company since FY64. Lockheed's funding drop
reflected its well-p_u.blici zld aircraft productioñ pro'blems. Doubtless, if its C-54 transpoit aircraft and
Cheyenne helicopter programs had been better
managed, both would still be in production, and the
company's contract totals would be higl"rer.'Most of
its contract awards were for productioñ of poseidon
and Trident submari ne-lau nched bal I istic missi les,
and_for production of the S-3 Navy aircraft.
One other aerospace contractorsuffered for its
production problems. Grumman,s Navy F-14 jet
fighter has suffered the same production probíems as
did the C-54: cost overruns, performance degradation,
test-flight.crashes, and production delays. Wtl'Íle the
unrt cost has gone up, production schedules have
been stretched ou! and Gruman fell from 5th to 12th
place among contractors.
_ One.company with no funding problems ùas
General Dynamics, which replaced Lockheed as the
top contractor by virtue of one of the largest
single

Leon Reed is o reseqrch fellow ot the Council
on
Economic Priorities. He is the outhor of Corporate
Military Contractin g 1971 and Advertising to the

g1.Þ.

billion. Most of this increase was for accelerated .
production of nuclear submarines. General Dynamics

is the largest producer of nuclear submarines and has
an absolulj monopoly on production of the polaris/
Poseidon/Trident missile-frring subs. The Trident system received large-scale funding for the first time lást
year, a,nd if the program is continued, which seems
likely in light of the recent arms control agreemçnts,

ln October 1974 the Departmeni of Defense released
its. ljsting of the 100 top mJlitary contractors for Fiscallear 19.74 (FYj4), the period between July 1,
1973., and June 30, 1974.This is the standard"iistÍng
of who got what from the DOD, and shows present
and future funding trends better tharl any other

Milítary

16 WtN.

DEPARÎI4€NÎ'ç HOl

General Dynamics should continue to rece-ive hi¡h '
levels of awards for many years. The .ompany aTso
received contracts for Navy missiles, F-1111 aircraft,
andfor a þrototype in the Lightweight Figh¡er com_

petition.

.. 9t!.f majo_r percentage increasesryere posted by
United Aircraft (iet engines, helicopters), i¡ttot,
I nd u str ies.
þh i psr..e ectro n i c eq u i p m en t) ;: Ch rysl er
(tanks), FMC (Military vehicles), Fairchild lndusfries
(A-10 attack aircraft), Bath lndustríes (ships)
Chambertain Manufacturins c;.'l;;;ùïiliãïi¡, u"a
most oil companies: Exxon, Standard O¡l of iálifor_
I

.

I

to be true.

¿

;.1T.

source.

Someone else is riding the red bicycle left by
another traveler when he left, a simple statement, happens

q.

ÎH€ D€I€NçE

Gulf, Amerada Hess, Atlantic
Richfield, Shell, Sun, and Cities Service.'
The consumer electronics industry was well-represented as usual. Making the list were: philco Ford,
Magnovox, nCn,'
9E, Motorola, GTE (S"ylvania),
packard Beil TVs),
l.el.dyL9.(lF speakers and
presto lnd. (presro apptiances),
linggr (KLH), National
Westinghouse, Texas lnstruments, aÀ¿ Hewletï pack_
ard._Other major consumer oriented companies among
the.1 00 top'contractors were: the top 4 auto com, ...
paliT, most oil companies, Textron '(Schaeffer pens
and Eaton.paper), Uniroyal (Royal sporting equipment and Keds), General Tire and Rubber (eennsyt_
vania sporting equipment), Goodyear. Guliand
Western lnd. (Paramount movies), Avco (Embassy
1i.a,.T_e11c9, Mobí1,.

.I

movies), and General Foods.
The Department of Defense has said that it ex_
pects weapon system costs to continue to increase.
A number ôf major systems are now in development
or early s.tages of production including the B-l bolnber
(Rockwell lnternational, Boeing ana C e ), the A_1 0
cl

ose

su

ppo

rt

air c.raft ( Fairch

i

ldl, n"*

m ííi

,.

i-

I

:a

turv

vehicles (FMC, American MbtorT,.Ford, Chrvsler. GM
Caterpillar and lnternational Harvester), the'Light_
weight Fìghter (General Dynamics or ñôrthrop),
.Trident (General Dynamics and Lockheed), oihór
ships and submarines (Tenneco, Litton, Báih, General
Llynam¡cs), and the whole family of Remoteiv
Piloted Vehicles (Northrop, Teledyne, Lockhéed,
Lear Siegler, Motorola). lf produced, ihese svstems
will all require vast increases in funding, and future
lists of major contracrors will show evãr-higtrei lãvãls'

of contract awards.

CONTACT: For the com.plere list of top 100
Military
Contractors for the Fiscal year lglqií¡rc-the
Council on Economic prioriries, g4 Fifrh nu.., ñV. ruV
J991

1. Membership of $15 per year includes
ã n.*r_

terrers summarizing the council's research in
social

responsibility.

wlN

17

l

',

I
WHISTLING lN THE

ã
-

--

)

N

fiäfl:,':f'¡Î,:),îi")

2

on

toward'Vietnamese
maior sexist institutioãs inãur society," f;rb;à;;he FBI from disrupting the ,
The demonstrators dema¡d:9^11.1, u-giorp.l,i;
ó;qbrã¿ ihe op"nine' àá""r"i¡äl or from rurning inreiligence
the us government honor the
new Playbot ctub i"
oia
*r" convenrion; to rhe
' two year old peace accords as well
December
õivil
Service or ,,non-governmental
.
acts of Congress which forbid American Carryìng ptacards rhat read.,,.We're
;i*".'ji ,,".f,î, J.i,ojË;;'"ñt'fr"rr.,,
military activity in, above or about
not ptayUo"yi, Wr,ry tvt.n'; ina l,etuy_ --M;;-;h"îi dso emphasized his decision
Ìyatcrs of
boy: Fántaiy Sex for profrt,;; and
st,orü
no bearitg on the ultimate
The hastily assembled demonstration deícribing.*í" rtru át u'';ptåygrouno
rhe broadõr lawsuir filed by
was organized a.s a re-sqP_nsg_r_ojl."_,, forthe riðh;' demonstrat'ors'were
"riðåråït
the ySA and the afüliated Socialist
sovernment actions following the
sanized by, Þroject Redirection-Detroiq úü;rl;;; Þff;;;i;äiËË Ë"ei'ä,iä *,"
of Phuoc Binh, a key south Vietnam- ã oiscus.s.ión/a"tion grorp in àperation
suit, which has been in a preese provincial capital, to forces of
for a fut.l yeär. The/vi"* tf," Þl"VU"t ü;i'#ä"fo, ou",. a year, seeks a perProvisional Revolutionary Government Club as,,ánorher cóg in Hugh Héinerís
,À^^\
+¡
;;;;;l;jr"crion againsr rhe CIA and
(PRG). The capital, *1'::.nlj19^
empire founded on ãdegrad"ing image ËËi
i;firtrutineïi ãisiupt¡ns-ç'.
' "_t-NS
worth may have.",-aused- a weakening ot of women and men. "
activities. of ttré two"groupi.
,,We
political
p:sition
Vietnamthe
of'South.
acted out of our own self-inese President Thieu, was seen by. some terest,,' explained one orgánizer, Bob
observers as a svmbol
'r
a ieport by rhe
CAN,T AFFORD
"j political. aNasq'in
disintegrating military.and
L¡eírorr attärnatiíe pup.r. ¡;W"
eÃn¡-OOñOn
Búfiv
lf
position of American interests in Viet- like Hefner's definitión'oi manhood.

o.t.ii ä"'

;ä;;;äi

'

ï;;

fall
the

or' iiÃ.'il;

^.

¡;;;

To .

Ë¡iiÈriitr,

don,t

nam.

The movementof naval weaponry. if.,Jtio,n. men want to ¿e¡ne
toward the coast of Vietnam, coupled irrì,L, ¿in ,.nuy. rneie
with the announcemen

IniÅl*

äiã;;Ji;c

s;i";íüË"itiil' ;ifr:::îi lìì:"Jff#i"',ì,",îU,
prompted organizers of
lndochina ;,;,f,;" and treat rhem ro'iri¿iti",

;i;h; ñ"r,;;;

Peace Campaign

ffͿT

-the
tg call for
an

im-.

as

ú't-.'rìp"nriue cars or

African who had a second heart trans-

S'ñffflf'Sll;:1å.T'r?i:"q[?:,

have read aboút what hap

!t!.1y,':
pened to the donor of that

heart.

Her namewas Jennifer Schrikker.

clothes.ii"'

iJffïi:;;ifiriiîiiï:, ;'"';:tîÏlí,îi',:*;äÏ*f" iii,îJïi'''ríËiÍåå,ie|liiË;iÍ:'
',i:Lîåi

movemenL

carrying signs saying

l,ôr,:fbu1¡
can'tafford Enterprise in Vietnam"
Peace
Accords-No
and "Honor the

W"L',1;i:;i#iå{Ëi¿ìï::",ä"
.'""_t_Ns
'
;;Ë;.;

,

usrcE
ïhi;; ;; ;o'" ;"r;; H;;.tfí#lî
h'si[,i,#þ_,."0_,
an
$iii,t'$#il';n'j,.",fl;rfiï'"lï:*"," lv,îBErqE.cg'Jsl

Minh, the NLF is gonnr
¡ ¡Ltr
The marchers dispersed after
picketing
peaceful
following
Supreme Court J ustice Thurgood
hour of
announcements by IPC organizers who Marshall, in a last-minute December
urged participation in the Assembly to 27 rulinþ, upheld the FBI's right to
conduct surveillance on the Young
Save the Peace AgreemenÇ slated for
Wæhington January 25-27. Over one Socialist Alliance convention held in
thousañd peôple arô expected in the
St. Louis from'December 28 to Janunation's càpiial that weekend to disary 2,
cuss methods of assuring implementa- Marshall; however, struck down the
tion of the'1973 Paris PóaceAccords. governmeni's conteniion that the YSA's

-Brian Doherty

18 WrN

an
to

"76 Trombones," hai written

u

lears of being surveiled was "a

self-

;#:l'i,i'iil#lt?Å'J:

.Barnard then took her undamaged
heart and put it in the body of a white

*Ti:,îiif3;

Ê'."',ilÏe,i- Schrikker,

trgi{¡;ilåifu;;r*tii'rJ:*
his first transplant of a black man's
heart, has further enhanced his repu'
tation (and fortune,) with this opera-

tion.

,Jennifer's heart was good enough

to

keep a white man alive. But the

ncist South African.regime doesn't
consider any nonwhitesgood enough

to be paid a wage adequate to live on.

Or to die on,

either.

-CPF

this:

'-' :--'- -"- "

o"'ollt,

Jerusef

ro expedite rhe

been ordered,or were under consfruc-

tion;

i

suustantiarly imàiÌe;

;;;#"

'

ái.ä¡-uurn¡ng plairis trìvä uirå'Ërrn

bir

f;illiå3;?Jlå:if,J:JtriËJ,?l¡;ìfu;,

cbmmíttee-u ror.
u,r,
influence many "liË"¿v;,ì¿;rät;ä,iä".
of the delayed plants have'been
ir.
defeired ior flye ú"uri oi;;ií¿"nniir1y,, i,
Albertplayed-a key role in the
"
and may be eifeciive .iÁ""irrtie"t
oÏ Mllls atter thé Fanne Fox
Hardest hit is Offshore Power Slstems,
:!:t"t
uproar' and according to some House the venture of Wcstinghour" uná l"nways and Means committee members, neco, which was to hive ãnã"á'nu"r".t
was responsible for the nine'to four
environmenra.l problems uv u"iiåì"g
,
vote to kill the t¿x bill.
-lconoclast the planrs on aitificiai¡slrí¿r.älf uut
and the House.Rules
gr.g],p whlch Albert has great
wÚh" was sirting on

IN.THE

one customer for the floating islands
has canceled,.and the remainìng cus-

.

ó^;Éiä.,Th.
idea is to rallV itrã ñrËilil;i'*"r'J"
í.d'iliilõ;;. i;'w;;ü
ffil';T Í:'"

, .rãuánirl

challenge

rl:nil9]y

pasage

USSR r
this'nat¡ohitilio';s;l;;;;-;;;'¡i;;?rt l!: !!"y Y_yrf l!2?'!"r"r!.s thatthe
' :s-e.oi orugs' lncluolng marlluana' ¡s
fou lrgl ond.19 am l/Win iogetherf
on.the lrPswing among voung pêople
Lose? ñever!/r yo,u tà, ilìlîo'Iín t.
in,the soviet union."

?RorEsr lli-JJ:ü;ff::ff;1",i:ï',.,'JJj,i:i
;i';'ffi;;;i:ü;s;;;,"menran- gpÉN[ryc-; rwr;nE Nor
lf"I:l).,:ll:fl"l{îg:t,iY-ll9i
usi rnt.'p'¡'., PLAYBoVS, WE'RÈ MEñ" iiåil äiffi1jì:ðfiJr];""ï"'"
-il"r'ã;;Ëil.;;iìo*äulr,
steaming ln effort to
"one of the
n"

\

had said the realroadblock ro

. .lUin! lVin! lüin!/lVe'll win toqether! .
lilin tgOe.the¡r..thot's the true/Aínerican BArcK
way, today/Who needs inflotion?/Not ,

induced chill," Marshall said the YSA's

9.'

whire

theme song for all us ínflation n*Ii"" .
and energy savers. lt's r;r;i;;;;;;
opening with crashing "rvruãitäJ'ii"'

if;'J;iîiJ3: fåfr[,îffi.j"iJ,,ilÌ1. B¡Içfå}MEN

waters
ncarlv
as
the
Vietnam.

rtre

House, composer Meredith Willsóh.
best knowir îor the t SSg musì;ãi",
"
. comedy, "The Music lvlin,;;äÅJit, r,it
song

..NIXON DOWN_THIEU TO GO"

an

prosram

;drì;l;;[uåli'rror

goes like

nouncement rhar tñe
a naval attack carrier, was

DARK
Don,t

House Speaker Carl Albert,
High. prices getting you down?
1a;
be trlue, '.a,i* Þr".'ti'¿.r;É;;;'r"wiirt o.klâhomian.with home-state ties

.

. A.white Éorí. iiJË

Although Soviet offcials-ifeny diug use

years. High

".'ti,ié"¡iÅN!uãn.ä"¿
for power, and
the difficulty of raising
capftat

ii

irårã"r i"i'ti,i
-Environment

"nie¡uãn
cancettarions.

å:,!!"ii#,åîþillîiîïî,ffî:_,

,

âR'"åRâ\fXiôNÈJr
ì r ì.,t rt I utÍE"
to punish drug users.
Council designed
of Economic n¿visois, fåi; ;"d;i"
- Last week-in a.sharp departure The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
turned down theme song s"e*ãí¡""î'' from no-rmal practice-the official news- has approved a loan of $20,400,000 io
like "Living in the Matie"r"itv';;ld.;;" paper of the Young Communist League the Thieu government accordine to
reported in detail the recent bust of a Saigon's Vietnam Press. The loaî is to
"Gimme Shèlter," ,,Rin,t toó Þroi¡¿
young Soviet citizen for peddling
to Beg," "The Ñishr õhir;;ói;;;
finançe lhree uridisclosed proiects and
packets of hashish.
will be reþaid in 40 years ät an interest
"(l can't get no) Sãt¡sfactiá"n.,;uîã'
--;
'
According to the Times, official
even Meriditn i,Villron;r ãwí ,,Väì, n.,t
rate of 1d/o per year, with a ten yeai
newspaPers rarely, if ever, talk about grace period before the first payments. Trouble."
-Nebraska Dúdt"lh drug cases-and the fact that
a hashisþ The amount granted is even higher
After consultation with his

'

KrssrNGER's SAB_RE-.,^^:
RATTLING RAlsEs FUR9R

,

¡

;lü"il:'.?i:['*fJ:iÏ,iiìl'JJåx!ï:î ,xillßi'x;,üïl'iff,,o"""ffj?f

iå!"tiatarussetlqrì

octõber. ne ueËgãtio"'**ãËiü""u
The T¡meí addt *at Soviet youths ly prepaiing for the october 1 7 World
Henry Kissinger's statement that
i't
US might resgft to war over the Middle are able to.ob^tain marijuana which is
Bank-sponsored meeting in paris
"
East oil situation,. under certain circultivated in Soviet Central Asia. The called io discuss US proiosalifãr
cumstances, has drawn criticism and ¡¡ îewsPaPêr says pot is also shipped to
multilateral aid to Saigon in lieu of
]
caused anxiety in countries through- maior cities throughout the USSR
",
US Congressional aid ðut-backs- The
from the Caucasus and from the port ADB loan-which may signal i rumãred . ,')
out the world.
Th." Pentagon, though it recently of Odessa on the Black Sea.
$50 million World Bañk ioin io siigon- , z
,issued a contrary statement,
Fifth Estate could serve as a stamp-of .pprouãfiãi
remained

the

mum.
*,1!,::iìåå';n"ißffii,.ilïåi:li'

'Immoral" and Representative
Brademas

John
¡;ii;;ñ;;;i ,í'{,t¡

,ïr!îbc,Vfå"roo"
Ever hear of the Full Emplo,
il;i,rhar,s one we

:
larger loans to saigoírio;-fr.ti"in 'i;:ïí
",,1i
governmentJ;"d ñ;;;;ü i#räi'r.Jìt,

"

"

FAsr-FoorED FUcrrrvE

*on,1.,J#ilåut
us
rãr ill" ror¿ nàminis;r;;i;o. rr was . porice in the midwesr are on the lpokKisslng-er
ty congrãsi iÅ-l'l+'e u¿
out foriir
and seeminsly, i
state "rãåi"a
.n
,,ourtaw,,
;;k;; r# c.*i;;61 iesËäns¡ule for ubiquitous,åv4sivg
.
described
of
unã ruiniåininj;icãnaitioni
",
iãii'r"et
rail
and
weighing
,iuoüi
in 'l
"iãuiing
"b','ilnHi f,;ì1ïîl:;t:Tïiïl¡ll¡in:f"* å:lnþrfå#"üïåilå*ffj:", i'.i
ing self-employmenr for those abìe, f,uil"t ¡'.f.,ìnd
a trait"f ãrrtfîr*iåi
" ,i
*"8:1r.,&0,;."",.ï:iï:iaw
REpRtEvE FoR BtG
"r*^r:,.1;rJ,ril:l;:Iil,ii;;;r;
is sti, on
_
It now appears to a number of wash- the books. '
LNS a rroÅ-.Ëti]"n"rgetic kangaroo. who",
ington observers that Wilbur Miils'
has persistïnttV fiippfi ;;ËÉ;Ë
plight

';i¡'
purpose for
the President of the
(Ford'acquiesced to the
statement), for the secretary oT
or-mav I sav so-for a member
congress to be specuratins

.

otL

might not all be due to his es
äp-ades üitn
blame Mills'legislation to kill thó

r"nn"loi:i{T;i:ör.

allowance'

depletion
Mills had felt that the me-asure

oil

No NUKEs rs cooD

NEWs

Ninety'four nuclear.power plants

have

recent
monthr,.un¿ irrã tot¡'cJnïinue, to
'
stood a reasonable chance of pa.ssage mã"rt áJanolt aairf
Íñü ü'uìrort
in this last session of congresi. Heãlso riåliär *à lgi leíit"ir'*ñ¡ãi,
rruu"
been canceled.or delayed in

"''ii,t"Tå,liyJ:Jli.Sl,iåjtX,jÍ,'*1"
they maneuvered him up against a wall,
but failed to capture him. lt seems the
kangaroo kicked one patrolman in the
shins and slugged his parrner in rhe
face. The potice waved rheir pistols

wtN

19

and held out handcuffs, but the rough'.
and-tumble marsupial so disarmed
them it was able to bound over a fence
and escape into the distance.
'No circus, zoo, or private animal
collector has reported a missing
kangaroo, so the origins as well as the
destiny of the animal remain a mys-

tery.

-Environmental Action

NOISY BABIES I
IN THE CHURCHES
Babies crying in church are "unfair
competition" for preachers, according

to Rev. Frank E. Forthkamp. Writing
in US Catholic the Ohio priest says
that "bawling babies are the greatest
obstacle to the people of God hearing
the world of God since the barbarians
invaded Christendom."

The Rev. asked for an ecclesiastical
directive banning babies. He concluded
his article "Give me liturgy or give me
ieath." The report received by FPS
did not mention whether the Rev. proposed any non-sexist solutions to the
problem, such as having day care
provided free of chargeat the church.

JI

AMNESTY NEWS
Philip Aiford, one of the firsr 18 Viet-

But had I known whot I now know-

l'd have hanged myself. . .
I saw you weor your brown shirt
and did not comploin or entreot

narn war resistèrs conditionally par-

doned by Pres..Ford, turned back his
pardon to Sen. Charles Goodell, chairman of Ford's Clemency Board, saying,
"a single crumb of charity is not
enorìgh to rñanipulate thousands and
thousands of men's consciences."

-Women's Strike for

For I did not know what I now know:
I
was your winding sheet,
.lh contrast, Bentley offers two positive suggestions of patríotism, "Vietnal. Loy.JoLg" anä ".{ Dig America,'9'ily Whictr
America ls lt That I Dig?"
These latter two son-gs were written for his 1 9lO$lay,
"The Red, White and Black," published in Liber'ation (XY,
No. 3). Several other songs from the play dealt with sexual
themes; including "The Male Bitch," a slamming parody of
machismo. And a satire on homophobic residents o(the

It

Peace

-FPS

West Village:

ERIC BENTLEY IN CONCERT

,on."rl lorl¿ inäuce me to
hitch down to New York City on the Saturday hight of a
full moon. For years Bentley has been known'for-his com-

We used to meet
On Christopher Street
Life wos so goy

Perhaps only an Eric Bentley

Once again our country has a new
presidenl Nelson Rockefeller has, as
Congresswoman Bella Abzug has
pointed ou! become our acting president. At a time when even the capital'
ists are beginning to talk about the collapse of the capitalist system, we are
stark witness to the assumPtion of
power by the richest Person ever to
occupy executive offce in the 200 year
history of the United States. Those of
us on the left are going to have to look
a little closer at the smug theory that,
as times get tougher economically, the
power and influence of the left will
rise. While this may sometimes be the
case, a study of history shows that the
left has often made the mistake of miscalculating the corresponding rise in
fascist sentiment. As capital disintegrates and dollars become worthless,
Rocky and his friends, desPite his
"liberal" pretensions, have everything
to eain from a fascist mood in the

\

executive office is enough to bring one
uD short. Never in this writer's life,
nòt ruh.n theY killed the KennedYs,
not on witnessing the sheer force of
state/police.power during Mayday, and
not even when things started breaking
on Watergate and the ClA, have I been
as scared politically

when I saw
Rockefeller being swo¡n in by Chief
lustice Ham Burger before an applaudíng Congress. All I could think of was
"What in the hell am I going to do if it
really does come down. . .Whether or ,
not you think the last fair deal's gone
down, as Robert Johnson would saY,
there are any number of things You
should be doing, like reading uP on
what makes the economY do what it
does. One of the most readable and
factually solid economics iournals is
as

the Monthly Review, an indePendent

socialist magazine. Last month's lead

be a publication worth reading
cover to cover. A recent issue contains

life," to

an article by Maggie Kuhn, national

convenor of the Grey Panthers. lt's
available for 35 cents from Prìme
Tlme, 264 Piermont Ave., Piermont,
New York, 10968.. . . .Goings on in
the Clevéland part of Ohio are well
documented in a muckraking bi'weekly called Point of View. lt prints tþings
that the Ploin Deoler leaves ouh lt'i
available from Roldo Bortimole, 2150
Rexwood Rood, Cleveland, Ohio
44118, , . , ,lf you're out Kansas CitY
Way, you might be interested in the
KC People's Yellow Poges, whichis
iust off the press. You can get it for a

dollar by writing to the KC People's
Yellow pages group ar.3950 Rainbow
Blvd,, Kansas City, Kansos 66'103.

People out that way say theY had'a
article was on "Stagflation," vr'ith an
conference duranalysis of what happens to an advanced very successful counter
dele
gathering
Democratic
of
the
ing
ot
and
recession
capitalist economy when
to,.'üiy. Ensconsed in the trappin-gs
ga{es in Kansas City. There are some
avail'
lt's
honors.
for
the
battle
inflation
there
democracy,
a
bourgeois
office of
that should have you'
ahle for eighty-five cents from Monthly ñew records out
is every indication that he will promote
at the same timel
thinkin
rockin
and
Review, 62 llest .Fourth St¡eet, New
fascism to protect his holdings and
Lìve
Album is even
A
Nears',
Hoily
A
Journol
those of his class if the avenues provided York, NY 10001., '..RT:
than her first one and is availbettêr
(formerly
as
known
Theropy
for
that
state
Radical
of
liberal
democratic
by the
able from Redwood Records, 565
Rqugh Times) has devoted its most
protection continue to close as they
Canyon, U4iah, CA 95482'
Dootin
personal/politica/
to
issue
months.
.
in
recent
rece-nt
"the
closin!
have been
Country
place
Joe McDonoldt new one,
spiritual changes which are taking
And he doesn't need Jerry Ford to do
CountrY Joe, is an adsimply
titled
you'd
a
like
lf
mYseverywhere."
to
year,
iñ
women
for
look
ir This
lerrY
to his excellent
followuP
mirable
collective
copy of the iournal whose
teriously break his neck skiing or to
Sessions on Vanguard. lt should
Poris
adnot
is
change,
could
lt
believes
health.
wife's
"Therapv
resign due to his
be available from most record stores. . .
all be very neat. Fascism is a neat form justment," send a dollar along to R4
lf you'd like to see something included
MA
Somerville,
West
89,
PO
Box
loose
ends
government.
few
Very
of
in bread and Roses too, droP a line to
. . . . ,lt's hard to change the pace from 02144. . . .People interested in older
1724 20th Street NW, DuPont Circle,
Prime
willfind
to
fascism
rfuomen's liberation
talking about Rockefeller
Cot
u mbia (Dee-Cee) 20009.
something else, but just thinking al'out
Time, afeminist monthlY "for the ot
-Brian Doherty
the
in
in
women
Prime
liberátion of
the whole idea of Rockefeller

20

wlN

,

mentaries on drama,?nd for his translatíons of Bertold
Brecht. But I first became acquainted with him just last
summer, when lltlN (J une 6, 1 974) publish ed Expletive
Deleted, a "drama of the White House transcripti', which
attempts to capture the ambience of the Nixonian mentality.
Two months ago I received a review copy of his recent a!
bum, The Queen of 42nd Street (Folkways FG S5Sl ).
Bentley sings 19 songs by the poèt Jacquós právert and composer Joseph Kosma, some still in the French and others
translated. Two of the songs were a{apted from paris to New
York, ûith Kosma's approval. The titlê cut was written for
the whore-heroine of the film Children of parodise, then

,)

I mean strqight
Nothing gueer
Alt.:Was stt?tght
Down here

...
On Christopher Street
,
eric nenttey'has recorded severdf other alUJrìrs on Folkways besides the "Queen." Most of these are of Brecht's
'work and musi.c. I hope Bentley will soon make an album
featuring more of his own songs. lt was the best concert
l've heard in a long time.
-John Kyper.
Eric Bentlcy sholt
lepelt ìt Sot. Feb..î st at l0 pm; same
oddress-Theatre for the new city, I I 3 /one Si,

dropped. Bentley has rewritten it, altering both the locjle

and the gender:
' I dfg
the guy that d¡gs me, sa how,am I to blome
' ff t!!e guy that dÌgs me is n.ot evÞry night the same?
lUell, thot's the way I om, l'm mode thìs woy yoa sçe i
And whqt mgle do you want? lUhot do you want from me?
@ "t970 by E.B. (AscAP)
There are also songs on more conventiohal subjects: childhood ("After School," "Kids Who Love Each Other"), love
("Chanson," "The Dead Leaves"), and social themes ('The
War is Over," "The Richest City in the World").
The album was an instant hit at our house, and wê played
it again and again and again. When I learned that Eric Bentley would appear in concert on December 28th at the
Theatre for the New City, I knew I had to go. lt was well

worth the trip.
Bentley sang before an enthusiastic audience of 1 50, ao
companying himself on the piano. The huskiness of his voice
was counterpoint to his gentleness and humon The one and
a half hour program included th.ree seti of songsl those by
Brecht and Hanns Eisler, by Prévert and Kosma ("Queen"
included), and those he wrote with David Burg. ,
Brecht's music comes naturally to Bentley, who sings a
couple of,songs that resulted in difüculties for Brecht:
"Solidarity Song"-"Peoples of this earth, rise up now/for
fhis earth is now your due"-was a subiect of his famous
1947 interrogation by the House Un-American Activities
Committee. During World War I he wrote j'The Ballad of the
Dead Soldier," a grisly Song about the geneläls' digging up a
dead soldíer anci reviving him for use once again as cannon
fodder, which was later used against him by Hitler.
The pathos of "Song of a German Mother" tells more
simply the futility of conquest:
My son, I gove you the jackboots
And the brown shirt come from me,

t

THE FISCAL CRISIS OF THE STATE
fames O'Connor / St. Martin's Press | 276 pages,

$3.9S
US capitalism is in the midst of its worst crisis since
.
depression decade of the 1930's. Although cyclical ¡nstabi¡r
ity and periodic recessions are nothing nèw for piiüàtè entèrprise, the current economic downturn is historically unique. '
t.he r¡se of "stagflation'r.(inflaJion plus stagnation)
that the nature of capitalism has underqoné a quaí¡t¿iive . ,.')
change: Whereas the thirties presented ã crisis óf monopoly ,:, 1
capitalism pêi se, we are confronted.today with the demisó
,

the , :

,
signifies

¿

'

.,:
...,.,Ìr.;.
of state-supported monopoly capitalism.
I
According
to James O'Connor, the proveibial contradic- i,i
.

tions of capitalism have reemerged on a higher level as a
"fiscal crisis of the state.l' Lucidly composed and entirelv
of sectarjan ia¡gon, OlConnor's text ii the most insiþhf
frge.
ful investigation of the infirmities of public finance yet fär-ì
mu.þted by th.e American scþool.gf Marxist economics.
The analysis is based on two rñajbi. premises. The first of ;
these holds that the capitalist state must fulfill two fundai,'
ment¿l and often inconsistent functions-accumulation and ... ,
legitimization. That is, the state must create and maintain
conditions favorable for the private accumulatiòn of capital
and simultaneously develop and sustain conditions of social :"
harmony. This means that while the state must involve itself
in the accumulãtion process, it must conðeal and mystify
the political character of its economic policies in order t'o
preserve popular loyalty and support.
The second premise is that the fiscal crisis can only be
understood in Marxist terms. On this basis, O'Connoi divides
govern ment-ex pend itures i nto two categori es correspo nd ing
'

to the dual function of the state. The first of these, ¡¡socialcapi.tal," consists of expenditures required to guarantee bþ
business an adequate rate of profil ln Marxisflanguage,
social capital works to increase ,,surpluívalue,' (tñe iource

WIN 21

of profit produced by

.
'

wage labor). lt does this in two waysthrough prolects and services which increase the productivity.of labor (e.g., state-funded industrial develópment
parks) and by means of programs that contain wages within
acceptable limits by lowering the reproductive costs of labor
(e.g., social security and unemployment insurance). Through
measures such as these the state has socialized many of the
costs of productiôn which formerly accrued to private'capi-

CYBERNETICS OF THE SACRED
Paul Ryan/ Anchor Press / Doubleday | 129 pages w.
To meet Paul Ryan, to know him casually, yon'would never
guess tha0 behind his genial lrish exterior [ies a talent for
writing some of the most abstruse, recondite and iust plain
hard to understand prose found ãnywhere in the English
language. I read slowly. I watch too much TV. Perhaps those
two facts are somehow related. Perhaps all too many of us
suffer from atrophying perception brought on at least in

from underwriting profits for business, the complex would
create many new jobs for the impoverished residents of

from

above.

istration

an

d control

Bill Blum

PEOPLES

..

- zuLLETIN

ozARK AccEss cAïALoc: Beat the

:feÞrêsslorl,Homôstêad survlvat ¡n the
to motroboilran.chaos. g5 from OAC, Box 5O6.|., Ëurela
Sprlngs, Atk 72732,
QZArks. Organlc altefnailves

.

¡

¡

E¡¡ERGY: A TtME TO CHOOSE. ..Onô
of the most compr€henstve puot¡cat¡ãni-Jãli'
aÞre-_on_energy resources for the future.
$1,25. communtty Ecotogy Center,-ilwast
Anapamu, Santa Barbara, Ce gStOf.

,'

SOLAR HEAT|Nc. Save on fu€t bilts. Hêat
your house. profusêly lltustrated 5O oloa -'
Þook cletalls theor¡os, actual construðilón
Pa¡s1 svltems, us€ful sources. send g3.oo
ro-sotarsystems,
Box llo, Danbufy, NH,,
-"

"

03230.
R

1.

1

USSTAN LTTERATURE. Crtilctsm. trane

latlonl: Sotzhen¡tsyn, Mandelstufn, Äf-tËä
¡ova, Nabokovr Zoshchenko, pushkln. Dog

:11ÅLF""
i3i,l',ii''d'Âi"Jì1"¡íå!"å1.ili?f
Arbor,
Mtchtgan. ,.SOVtET CRlf lêlSrvt'of
Am€rlcan Llt€rature.', Elghteon tvlanAsï Ji
says.lnterprefl ng Amerlcan wrltors from

NJ o7513.

32-page comprehenslv€ report on Recvcllnd
r,rogram ln clty of Oberlln, Otílo lnclu-dln;'
papqr,.mêtat and gtass. s¿oo. ofdôr f r¿m;
Report,_Von Hilt, 1361 Franctsco
Xe9y.cllnq
xoad, cotumbus, Ohlo 43220.

WHY CAPITALISM CAN'T

WoRK Rêhd
. EdwardEellamy's s.Parabte ol tne Vúàteir

anK." tcthus Communlcáilon Cênter.

lSBg
E, cotorado, pásadena, ce siroo. i-àl -zãã'
6'49 60l aa.t 50 up, 45C ea. Advaríce payment, ptus ZsC handltng.

e¿ i

!l,s_!t 1_il a.ses, occüpaflons. Jan_A ud.
Ñ'ü1"Jbi)"?i lli fSåffu å3.' Park Aren

ue,

IMME-RSION tN SpANtSH: CUAUHNAHUAc, a teachers' cotrecflvã,þeÃ'¡niéir¡u"
-a secónd

langu"e".

railo ranse6 rrom,l* íJ
llyg9nt-tea.c¡.rers
a variety õf programs. Spectaþqchótar-,
::.l.rnprogram
snrp
for persons of uatin Árl;;1";;
d€scent, comÞtet6 lnrormat¡óñì'nÞöõ;'ðä,

Cuernavaca, Mex ico.

I:y_Ilqy,::t

research insiltute sêeks

ffi Ä'-'Jí,åïi:ïJi:lf

un- ,

i"".iï;1,îl;,",råîí$:;,'
sctenils_ts, etc., who can get
or'iãlse
funds. semFschotôrty stúdte;9raót!
o; ;;;-;;;ä

{i,

etc, Reacl Gross
.reconvers¡on,
profess¡onats" pp & ort"ia"-",
33-77. rvr¡o*àit
DISAR MAMENT N EWSI¿ETTER. tntroduc. "The.New
lnstltute,
l206
N. Ot¡, St-'+SãOf.
toty offer-l/3 rogular rates-S¡x montns. -$6. Dlsarmament News & Vlews, etl e. bgro J_oyworks Farm lng
Collêct¡ve_Need folks
St., New York, NY 1OOl7.
Inro targe scale gardenlng/truck farmlngr
Wrtte. Do.ug Matcotm, ¡Éc, rrasr< näåõ
"HEY BEATNIK! Thts ts Thq.Farm Book,,
Mendon, Mass OlZ5O.. .
by Stophen and Thô Farm:.H¡¡w COO totk.
ar€ maklng lt on 1Z5O acres ln Tenn. lO4
golor pl_g.e:.-$?92 ppo. The Farm, Suinmer_
town, TN 38483.

/

, fIELPI

YOU can sUtt acqulre publ¡c land free!
GoverlT1î_t-ltnd Dtgest, Box 22lZ Norman, OK 73069.

PRODUCTS
"Rômember th€ Dl9nlty,, femlnlst câtendar
for thê year 1975 whlch wlil deslonafe stc
nlflcânt and tmportant dates ln te--iriisi Ëls.
tory. S€nq $3.99 to Eile€n Whlte, 134 So.
Maln St., Cohasset, rUasE OZOàS.' -- ' --'

¡¡o¡-cótupertTt vE cAMEs f or chitdren

and adults, Ptay together, not agalnst eich
orner. Free catalog; Famlly pasilmes,
Bolssevaln, Manltoba, CanãOa

1--prupurtng unii*r, anthotogy. Noed ee
l,',;l"i';,
üü'* l,lii' Ël *3lHår "íT'3

ï,f

ton 98O13.

"-

res9a1çhIn9 US domest¡c tntetilgence
f_u-!!9J
operat¡ons 196A-74, seeks contact wlthlormef agents-Al,: ONl, AFl. colnteloro^
vanous led squads, etc. Only former åqentsp¡ease. Atso seeÌing dètalted oiograptrila¡ '.
data.regardtng Robert c. Mardiañ, tormér
Se_curtty o¡u¡s¡ãn, .ñjiiã!
lead oJ.tnternat
ptease write Ed Sanders,
uepÎ.
c/o WlN.

Box 54.7, Rtfton,
assured.

Nv re¿zr. ðõirnoLniial¡tv

çOkOË0.

FORDROcKEFELLER An hlstoflc evenL
the onty goneraUon ilrat can iåV,'.BLAME ME r DlDN,r voîÈ:í'
BWOE Un[mlted, Dept. wl, B.ox 691

,p.g¡jI

.y_o-un.Þ

NYC loo13._
Tlrecl of ..Old R6llglon,, Economlcs? John :i
ratngr ¡tuthor, naüonally known non_doo
OPPORTUNITIES
tnnatre economlst, Wrlt€s Economlc Dow
Lln-€-l€-tter; establlshêd uncanny econom lc
o
I zE R/carotaker postfi on
ror6casiln9 record. gZ sample to¡ Economlc
:1-LIED RcAN
months Rêsearch Carirp. tnoow Ltn€, Po Box azg, ¡rüniln!tõñËõ;;;
9l-9!.-ìymmel
rormagon
and rêsumes tor lnst for NbncA 92648.
vlolenco Research. carmel, cÁ ssizi.-"

SERVICES
Po

you work with computerq data procese

fåçi:iiltr'l¿rffü1iiï3:iiH,;;iiî'
A wtLL!.wilt forms
?9j\¡]IptE wtTHouT
pus.attorney's
lnstrucfl ons_gZ, OO tr"i,inä--

Êii3å:ISlXr?îi"''"'o"otna-iti-ãz'iõ'Ëäri"
ATTENTIoN ! Mov¡e Theal

workers: .Ger. more o.r, rr,tî"1g'jiîJ "
un¡ontze! tWW, 732 W€st Wóbster, Ctricago,

llllnols

6061¿1"

A new-school and cultural cänter in New
Y-ork-c¡ty on Fe,b-ruary 17. Classes on t
Marxtst,
Anarchíst ånd femlnlst theorv-

LIFETI ME SUBSCRI PTIONS-$

way.

DRAWING BY PAUL PALNIK

USStANS FAcE-To_FACE.
nonpot¡flcal, nonproflt er"nåpge to

R

3.We_ek

pl:ï^lTlll:pân¡sh.as

to woRDs,

Fautknor to Maller, translated from Sovlet
perlodlcats. 242 pâses. S3.SO.

gLAR ENCE OAR ROW-two tncomoarabtâ
bookl€ts! '.Why I am An Ag¡q5¡ll;.6;;;d;v,,
Raflonailjm. Both for gÌ,OO postpal¿ lndè
pIrylcjlt_otE Box 162, pärk Stallon,
B:l_*tl
Farerson,

I

FREE IF NO EXCHANGE
OF T3 INVOLVED AND
ONLY 20WORDS.
OTHERWISE iI EVERY

1

OO

nonviolent socialchange by supporting WIN
Ma{azine. Such a demsnstration of faith in
WIN at this time would mean far more".than
year after year of renewals. Please consider
helping out in this
-WlN

Politically, the social-industrial complex would require
an even tighter organic fusion of monopoly capital and the
state than presently exists. Aithough it ís a long way from
realization, it the complex ever materializes, its unmistakable
n

ro¿ÊiJ,.

be bothered by those would'be-humorous WIN
renewal announcements and at the same time
make a substantial coirmittment to th¿ biusã of

plished.

ad mi

80,ooo word sutde 94.95. t_lst
879,W Park, Perr¡é, èA 92370.

Here's a way to insure that you'll never aþain

America's urban ghettos. The consequent increase in employment opportunities for the welfare class would con- '
currently widen the tax base (and thus enlarge state reVenues)
and diminish the need for future welfare speñd¡ng. ln one
stroke, the f¡scal crisis would be ameliorated and ihe legitimization and accumulation funetions of the state accom-

watchwords wil I rbe centr ali zed

MFET

"S^urvlve the Comlng CÌash,, uncensor€d

tal.
The second categor'y of government expenditures, ,,social
expenses," deals with prolects and services that operate to
fulfill the state's legitimization function. The prime example part by our overabundant media environment. But can we
all have lost the ability to distinguish between ideas of sub.
is the welfare system, which is designed to preserve social'
stance and polysyllabic gibberish? To read Cybernetics of
peace among-the underprivil eged.
the Sacred ¡s to constantly be confronted by the question,
After examing these concepts in depth and exploring the
political determinants behind the allocation of state finances, "Whaa?"
It is, however, neither fair nor wise to write off this bóok
two conclusions of central importance to an understanding
æ nothing more,than hard to read. There is a great deal of
of the economic malaise of the seventies are drawn. Conclusubstance to Paul Rya¡'s work. lt is the job of extracting it
sion number one is that the steady expansion of government
from his writing that is so.diffcull I must admit that I bespending and the growth of monopoly capital are mutuallv
gan
Cybernetics o.f the Sacred without knowing exactly
gn
ex:
capitalfacili-tater
expenditqrep
reinforcing. State
¡qcial
pansion ¡n the monopoly sector, whiçh in turn increases the
what the word "cybernetics" meant (not to mention beíng
rathei shaky about "sacred."). I finished the book definitely
need of monopoly capital for ever greater governlnent outunsure of the meaning. So I looked it up, only to find it :
lays of social c¿pital. And because the growth of monopoly
sandwiched between "cyanotype" which is a blueprint and
enterprises is accompanied by unemployment, government
didn't seem illogical then to
spending on social expenses must also continually mount.
"cyclamenl.' which is a planl lt.the
theoretical stùdy of the
find "bybernetics" defined as
These factors make for larger and larger federal budgets.
control piocesses in electronic, mechanical and biological
Conclusion number two is that the state's role in sup
'porting
systems." A blueprint of a flower. Thank you,'fhe Aneql:,
the monopoly economy is a contraclictory process
can Herltoge Dlctionary,
which tends toward political and economic crises. The conIt seems that Paul Ryan is working on something very
tradiction consists of the fact that while the st¿te has
real. But he is going at it from a vçry inaccessible plateau'
socialized a substantt'al share of the costs of production, the
Bv disresardins all the reprinted articles at the beeinnine of
social surplus (i.e., profits) continues to be privately apthis book (they outline the painful and incomplete evolupropriated by the capitalist class. This results in the fiscal
tiàn of maìry ót us who tried to hustle a living from video/
crisis of the state, which O'Connor defines as a "structural
cable
tv from the late 1960's on) what emerges is a recurrent
gap" between state expenditures and siate revenues. As its
strain of optimism about our own ability to cope with our
commitments outrace the means of financing them, governproblems. lt is Paul Ryan searching for a way to humanize
ment resorts to deficit spending. The end prõduct ii inflavideo/tv-searching for a way to gently insinuate a lechlology
tion, which ultimately underm¡nes both the legitimacy of
of devastatind potential into our lives at the most bãsic levels
governme¡t and the ability of private capital to expand.
of our emotional, intellectual and physical behavior. And
As O'Connor asserts, there is only one (tempoiary) way
perhaps most important, he is searching for a way to do it so
out of these contra-dictions for capitalism. Corporate planthat all of us can fully camprehend what is happening to
ners have whipped up the idea of a "social-industrial comus. . .while it is going on.
plex" analogous to the present military-industrial estabThese essaysãre ñawed by a literary elitism that unneces.
lishment. The complex would consist of a rñassive program
sarily obscures so many of the ideas Paul Ryan is trying to
of social service proiects, ranging from revamping public
communícate. Perhaps these essays are too contrived. Perschool systems and police forces to constructing mass transit
networks, financed by the state and undertaken-by monopoly haps we need only look for practical solutions to iminediate
problems instead of searching for new ways to mold hurqan
capital for an assured profit. ln this way big business would
perceptions about our environmenL lf so then Paul R'!an is
expand into fields which have traditionally beeh the exclujust another obscure intellectual with a toy. lf not he iust
sive preserve of government;
may be 4 prophet.
Although the social-industrial complex would not remove
-Parry Teasdale
the contradiction between socialízed production and private
appropriation of profits, it would mitigate its effecß. Âpart

\

PUBLICATIONS

bibliography, $2.50

H3åii'ffr:r:i"îí¡:ll'.í'f3"îïl,Tr'¿";¡i;,'

workshop. For a brochure wrlte tãi ine
F,fee As.soclallon, 5 west zoth st., New

I"ï-S:i g.i,Ïåi¡l'i!f
å

i

ï

rü

u

rsoa

v

ln Charlottesville, Va. a good place
to ge! Wl\ and other good things
to read is Solidarity Project at 214
lySbV Rd ln Washington DÇ try

Discount Book Shop at.1342
Connecticut Ave. and Community
Bookshop at2028 P St. NW.

22 WrN

wtN 23

)

t,

A GiltforYou

ORDER NOTìI!!

you subscribê now to
iest magazine ,on the left"*

n

rm

F
r',

Æ

WNNING HEARTS'}MINDS
Wår

kB

óy

Vid6m Vd€trt

m

FREE

zÞÞ

FIRE

Literaturc

'11

tf

v1
Short

THE SOVEREIGN'STATE OF ITT by Anthony Sampson.
As absorbing reading as.a quality whoduniq is,this complete
biography of ITT-a corporation constituting a flagrant example of the multinationals which, today, dominate The Syslem. As Sampson sums it up: "lTT still regards itself as
atiôve..gcjvern men ts, a bove con trol s andabove moral s. "

l¡, .T

......335pp.,$1.75

*From the V¡llage Voice

you'take this cipportunity to subscribè to WIN for a
full year (44 issues)'we'll send you your choice of either
of these important and haunting books by veterans
of the Vietnam war. Published by lst Casualty Press,
both books examine the human dimension of what we
did in Metnam.
FREE FIRE ZONE is a'collqcTiqn of 24 remarkable
,ishort stories that explore, in the words of the editors, ¡
"direct violence and the subtler forms of cultural rape

lf

:*.

and pillagê." Publishers price: $2.95.
WINNING HEARTS AND MlNDS,is a moving collection
of poems written "out of fire and under fire." Publishers

price:

THE BUDDHTSTS lN VIETNAM,';\n Alternative View of
the War by Bo Wirmark. This WRI pamphlet is edited by
ip'
Gerson with an introduction by Daniel Berrigan.
Joseph
.40pp.,$1.15
..:...
KIND & UNUSAL PUNISI'IMENT by Jessica Mitford' Finally out in paperback, is lhip vivid expose of the-American

prisonsy5fem.......
SONGS OF PEACE FREEDOM & PROTEST, collected'bv
Tom Glazer. Since this was the biggest selling book at the
WRL National Cônference, possibly it will appeal to WIN
.... .340 pp., $1.95
readers.

ANARCHISM by Daniel Guerin. An absorbing account of
the history and theory of anarchism. .192 pp., fi.2.!!'
ENDS &'MEANS by Al<.lous Huxley. A classic, philosophlcal
work in whcih Huxíey presents a revolutionary,'deóentialist,
nonviolent alternative to The System. . . . ' ' '366 pp., $3.35r

$1.95.

';i

AMNESTY
Enclosed is $11 for a year's subscription' Please send
of (check one):
FREE FIRE ZONE
.-WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS

- a copy
me
-

the subscription, iust send the Utok(s) for their

-Skip
regular price. Enclosed'is $

-

for:

FREE F|RE ZONE ($Z.SS¡
WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS ($I.OS¡
the books. Enclosed is $6 for a six month sub'

-Skip

lt,lame

Wll.l *

pamphleton

Rifton *

.12.pp.,2od

ì'.

rI

ì.'

YYAI ng¡lSTERli LEAGUE
I
ltt
t¡rqr¡¡ Sln l, t{¡r T¡¡t, ttï. lÍl
I
fcn¡ cf¡cl¡L
I I crdoæ ¡-for
ir t t e.doË t--'cotttür¡or þ ù. lflL
I

I

NY 12471

thesubiect...... :.....

AMNESTY'PACKET ten lte{ns of vital inforrnation on
inäïuuJ"rr..,.. .........'..
' -0... '$1'

1o:

lln

I
I Adtrr
I

ZIP

íi ;Í

AMNESTY: WHY? FOR WHOM? a complete, easy-reading

I
I

Box 547 *

..,1!;,

(Fordls phoney "amnesty" and our campäign to.boycott
has spurred the drive for unconditional amnesty)

I
I

I

t
I

I
I
I

4-l