Win Magazine Volume 14 Number 36

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October 26, 197814Ot

Count Every Single Ch¡ld-A Storyof Busing

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Corleben So/ I Leben:
A Desire for Life

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LETTERS
Traveling home from the August 6th action at the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power
Plant (near San Luis Obispo), I was
struck by a comment a fellow protestor
made as I sat in a Mexican cafe along the
route nérth. At a nearby table, someãne
asked this person what he thought ofthe
protest: was any optimism to be
gathered from the rally and civil disobedience? He quickly remarked that it

"

"all depends

on the coverage,
Mv reaction was a mixture of unspok"en gloom and anger, and so I drank

down another beer. Not expressing my
feelings to that media huckster forced
me to write this letter. WIN seemed like
a good place to give my impressions'
some space.

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The importance of the August 6th action can not really be measured by the
weight the national media gives to it.
The media's purpose is to control and
package the news like cornflakes tbr
commuters to read while on the trains to
work. The day was really one of solidarity and acknowledgement-for civil disobedience protestors and supporters
alike. In just one year's time the number
of people willing to break the state's
laws, precisely because the state continues to breech all sanity by developing
nuclear power, has risen nearly ten-fold,
As for the thousands who were at the
rally, it may be said of them that they
took the first few steps towaid active resistance. For undout¡tedly, many of last
year's spectators became this year's CD
protestors. Therein lies the importance
and success ofAugust óth.
So true to its nature, the media has
not acknowledged this fact, nor has it felt
a need to describe the abundant information that comprised the Alternative
Energy Fair, that was also part ofthe
event. From all the solar generators,
windmills, and printed material that was
set up along the beach site came a con-

structive program for our energy
development.
Undoubtedly the event was a rewardlng
for me. I was a stage

monitor
to be

the rally, and felt
in myfirst

ln

act

which
with the nonviolent

have led me to
and anti-nuclear movements in California seemed to be put in abeyance for the
moment, I acted in concert with others,
and

with

a sense of

fulfilling

some of my

own conviciions.
The scenario for the protest action
called for the members of affinity groups
' to scale the fences with ladders. In a
symbolic sense, those same ladders may
indicate some of the lengths the Abalone
2

WIN October 26, 1978

Alliance must still travel in building its
movement. For some of the day's program and politics seemed muddled, or
perhaps not entirely thought out.
' Avowed socialist elements participated in the hction also, and that w¡s a
irew development for me. Recl Abalones
and the Peace and Freedom Party, along
with a distinctly socialist affinity group,
made it be known that some people
would rather smash capitalism than
atoms. It seems a bit incongruent for
MarxÏsts to work with an Alliance of
avowed decentralist principles.
. Also of interest was one leaflet handed
to me by an A.d Hoc Socialist network.lt
spelled out, for the first time, a radical
perspective on the nature ofenergy and
jobs. Rather than just repeating the Alliance's demand (which has its roots in

liberalism) for a labor-intensive energy
policv, the leaflet attacked the very
nature of work itself in America: the 40
hours ofmechanized routine and destructive production that is ever present
in this system.
Those who went to Diablo Canyon on
August 6 surely want to see the antinuclear movement grow. One way for,
that to happen is to maintain the decentralized nature ofthe Alliance and the
type of action it had. Many affinity
groups were formed. and it is my hope
they stay intact. Tremendous growth
and political work can be accomplished

if

they continue to act-especially in a
spontaneous fashion. The gates of
Diablo and the streets of California's
communities will need persistent pro:
tests if Diablo is to be stopped.

-DAVIDPINGITO.RE
SanTrancisco, Calif.
I foùnd your Auguit I 7th Transportation
Issue very informative. I'm sure many
others besides myself appreciated the
GM article, having been too young or
non-existent at the time to realize what
the company was up to. But I must respond to T. Beadle's Ietter (WIN,
9/28/78) in which he concludes that "In
urban areas, the public had decided. . .
that the public is better served by such a

(automobile) transportation operation.
Mr. Beadle supports his statement by

"

citing the underuse ofbike racks at suburban Philadelphia transit stations,
It takes more than bike iacks to make
cycling a viable means of daily transportation in urban areas. It takes a minirevolution, in which everyone's cón.
sciousness is sensitized to the needs and
rights of cyclists. In Ann Arbor, cycling,
in conjunction with city and university
busés, has increasingly become popular
as a mode of transporation for many
more that the students, due to local efforts at improving cycling conditions.
Sidewalk bike routes with the curbs flattened (a city ordinance for the handicapped which vastly improves cycling
safety). bike lanes ori major streets, bike
route stop signs for motorists, racks at
major buildings and bus stops-all these
invite people to cycle instead ofclutter-

ing the vicinity with cars. Most important is the sensitivity of Ann Arbor
motorists, who are in the habit of watching out for cyclists and leaving room on
the road for them. (l can personally contrast this to my cvcling experiences in
suburtjan Philadelphia, where I was subjected to numerous instances of downright viciousness by side-pinching
motorists.)
We pride ourselves on our cycliig
comnrunity, We even have a bicycle
delivery service, "The Freewheel Express, ' ' which operates year-round t
delivering anything from computer
printouts to groceries. This type of
energy-saving, constructive business
could only operate in a supportive en,
vironment. Transportation habits won't
change unless we provide positive
inducements inviting change, the most
impoltant inducement being our attitude.

-JANETSMARR
AnnArborr Mich.
As a personal anecdote, Delia AguilarSan Juan's "CIass Struggle on the
Feminist Front" (WIN, 9/28/78)was
interesting. But as mature social analysis it flopped. The main point that stared
me in the face as I read her story was that
when the federales adminster some
social engineering, the "social change
agents" must make sute that what is
done will not offend the federales. In a
quasi-democracy such as that in the US,
with different pressure groups influencing decisions by-the federales, this is a
very delicate balancing act. To conduct a
seminar with papers and movies that
stress themes such as the relationship
between the oppression ofwomen pnd
capitalism, to the exclusion of alter'nativc analyses, is simply too risky; Any
participant might run to Congress and
the entire program, inwhich the "social
change agents" seem to believe and
from which they seem to derive various
benefits, could be challenged.
What is so wrong with the line of
analysis is this effort to blame it all on
capitalism. Clearly China, Russia,
Albania, and numerous other socialist
countries experience extensive sexism.
The Marxist idea that economics ac.
counts for the superstructures of religion, etc. just won't do-different
economic systems have very similar religious superstructures. Even in the case
of the TISD;program Ms. Aguilar.San
Juan described it was not caoitalism but
the hierarchical structure arid the
authoritarian character of socialist (as in
' 'having the social goal' ') bureaucratic
program that accounts best for the situation (without knowing the case much .'

better).

.' Finally what is so insidious about the
analysis is that it treats people as cogs in
some mechanistic system where they
could have no will, ergo no responsibilities of their own. Maybe indeed Betsy
and Fanny were not very nice people. Is
that impossible? Should we explain away

Ms. Aguilar-San Juan's behavior-including her essay-as a mere event in
the unfolding of history's dialectical
developmenî? But then why is Betsy's or
Fanny's event less important or lèss
valid? By what standard do we consider
Ms. Apuilar-San Juan's case a noble one
while ñe regard Betsy's or Fanny's
reactionarv?

"

_TIBORR.MACHAN

SantaBarbara, Callf.
I want to thank W.D. Ehrhartfor his review ofthree books by black poets in the
September 28 issue. He asks what we
cañ do about apartheid in South Africa
and refers to the '-'Dear Swarthmorean"
letter from President Friend who denlores racism in S. Africa but decides
ãgainst divestment of stock in Amerþan
cómpanies with subsidiaries in S. AfriCa.
I, toe, received the letter. I enclose a
copy ofmy reply in the hope that, ifpublished in your magazine, other Swarthmore graduates may want to remind our
Quaker college that it has a tradition to

affirm:

a

tradition of peace and justice

and brotherhood more precious than the
18 percent return from corporate investments in s'

Africa'

-MÄRyByE
Doylestown,
Penn.
Dr. Thçodore Friend
.Swarthmore Collegre

DearDr. Friend:
I want to thank you for your recent letter to me. It clarified a point I had
wondered about: the extent ofSwarthmore's encouragement of student invcilvement in political matters.
I would judge from your letter that you
andlor the board of managers do not feel
it is appropriate for siudeñts to concern
themselves with the investment of
college monies in multinational corporations in South Africa, although such investments support apartheiil. The withdrawal of funds frornthese corporations
is the hor¡violent action that black and
white South Africans have called for as a
first step towards the liberation ofthe

black majority. In the light of John Woolrhan's question: "May we.,,try whether
the seeds ofwar have anv nourishment
in these our possessionsbr

not?" I would

hope that in response all members of the
Society of Friends would consider the
upholding of our testimonies to be of
greater importance than the returns on
our investments.
Therefore I have decided not to contribute money to the college. And I want to
express publicly my support for the
students who want US business out of
South Africa.

Sincerely,
Mary McCarty Bye

UDI][2
Ocd. 26, 1978 lY ol.

XlV, No. 36

Class of 1936
Thanks foi running Marty Jezer's
"Who's On First? What's On Second?"

article (WIN, l0/'12/78').It's really important for us to take the time to look at
strategy from a relaxed position. All too
often we jump right in and look at possible tactics-assuming orfotgetting the
oveiall strategy, perhaps even the goals.
I know this has been a problem for thé
Philadelphia area Mobilization for Survival coalition, Zero Nuclear Weapons.
And it can go even 4eeper with a
coalltlon because sometimes the
individuals' assumptions about goals
andlor strategies are quite far apart.
Yet, while there is no real substitute
for long-range strategy building, and
being clear on shared and divergent assumptions, I think Marty Jezer too ..
quiçkly passes over the importance of

"presencesl' and witnesses-of
individual or small group actions that

raise the issue (nuclear power, nuclear
weapons, racisrù; bexism) in public
places. They do draw attention to the
issue, and they do serve as an energizing
point for individuals trying to become or
stay active. Strategy building and organizing are not always possible-for one
reason or another, but raising the issue
is, even in small ways. But, in the long
run, the organizing is critic4l. Let's get
to it!

_STEVEG(ruCK

Phlladelphla, Penn.

4. Gorleben Soll Leben: A Desire
for Lif e/Craig Simpson
9. Count Every Single Child
Story of Busing/ Thomas J .

Cottle
12. Changes
14. Review/ Sybi I Claiborne

Cover: Part of the Corleben nonviolent camp, ) ulV 1978. Photo
by Hanna Kotowski.

STAFF
Susan Beadle o Patri'ck Lacefield

Michael Lardner o Lauri Lowell
Murray Rosenblith
503

Atlantic Ave. /5th floor

Brooklyn, NY 11217
Telephone : (212) 624-8337, 624-8595

UNINDICTED

ðö:cõñsnnnroRs
Sandra Adickes o pãg

Belville
Cakars

BEENDOWNSOLONG
Folks, we have to level with you. The cash flow around here is bad, which is to
!4yt the money's not coming in fast enough to meet even thebasicexpenses.
We're in bad shape; WIN is in trouble.
So what else isiew, you might ask? Nothing is new, just worse...much
worse.
You've. gotten the fall fund appeal-or you'll get it in the next week or so. \{e
took the time-over and aboveãll the daily and weekly tasks of putting the
magazine together and running the office-to write tñe letter, äash it to the
printer, stuff, sort, seal, tie anä bag that many thousand piece mailing. We
took 4ll that precious time bec¿use we really need the money. (Did you know
that your contributions make up a quarter ofour budget? Ever try tô survive
without a quarter of your income? Not easy; for us, impbssible.) To say that we
depend on you is a gross understatement,
We need every single one of you to send us a contribution, whatever you can.
So please, dig a little deeper this time to keep WIN alive.

A'

Averill* .

o Karl Bissinger o
o Sybil Cla¡boiner

Jan

Barry.

Lance

Maris Cakars ¡ Susan

. J erry Coffin ¡

Lyn-ne

Shatzkin Coff¡n. Ann Morrissètt Davidon. Ruth
Dear e Ralph DiCia* ¡ William Douthard o W,D.
Ehrhart o Robert Ellsberg* r Dryigf¡¡ E¡¡gs1 r
Ruthann Evanoff o Chuck Fager o J im Forest . Larry
Cara o Ed Hedemann* o Crace Hedemann . Marty
o Paul J ohn son ! John Kyper o Ell iot Linzer'
J ezer
o David McReynolds* . Mary Mayo
J ackson MacLôw
David Morr¡s . Mark Morris . J im Peck o Susan
Pines' o lgal Roodenko*.Vicki Rovere*.Charlie o
Scheiner* ¡ Wendy Schwartz*. Craig Simpson
Martha Thomases . Art Waskow. Susan Wilkins
BeverlyWoodward ¡ Van Zwisohn*

*Memberof WIN editorial board

WIN is published every Thurudey crccgt br thc flrut
week in January, the third rvcck ln lráerch, th. scond
r,yeek in May, the last tu,o wrckó ln Au¡urt, thc flrrt tm
weeks in.September and thc h¡t wæl ln ll¡ccmt¡cr bv
w.l.N. MaEa¿ine, lnc. w¡th thc $¡poort ol
par yGr,
Resisters League. Subscriptlørs rrc
Second class postage paid ôt l.lcw Yo*. t{Y lfxm üd

ill.û)

additional mailing offices.

thr.wr

lndividr¡l writcß .rr

responsible foropiñions eiprersed md ræurrcyof

given. Sorry-manuscr¡ptr c¡nnot bc

lmr

¡¡tur¡¡d rnlo¡¡

accampanied by a self-addres.scd, strr¡pcd arwlopr.
P¡lntcd ln USA
October26. 1978W¡N 3

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Gorleben Soll
Leben:
A Desíre fo, Lrfn
by Craig Simpson

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kerosene lamp stood in the center bf the large
L,[picnic table as 30or40 young Cerman antinuclear activists from Hamburg and Berlin held
hands and linked arms to sing a new song against
the nuclear waste disposal dump planned only a
few m iles up the road. As each verse of the song
progressed, two people holding a large cloth
bannerwould unfold a new section with a picture
depicting the words. I looked off through the camp
and saw similar fires among thetents where people
were sitting, eating, andtalking. A serene setting.
This was the f irst evening of the annual Corleben
nonviolent summer camp.
I was suddenly aware that attention was being
focused on me as Hanna, a friend and local activist
with whom I drove from Berlin, told me, "They
want you to sing an anti-nuke song from America."
A bit embarrassed because I knew no Cerman (but
mainly because I have one of the worst sìngingvoices in the Southwest movement), I dropped my

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inhibitions and attempted, "Nukie, Nukie, Halle!
- Number One on the Cactus Alliance No
Nukes charts. So went the last evening of my visit
to Corleben and my whirlwind tour of anti-nuclear,
anti-military groups in northern Cermany. I had
come to share information on our movement in the
ÙS and New Mexico and I left with a spirit of
solidarity and an encouraging sense of friendship
ned from another great international experience. The importance of linking the movement '
ägainst nuclearwaste disposal and reprocessing in
Corleben and the movement againstthe Waste lsolation Pilot Plant in Carlsbad, NewMexico, is
crucial for the collapse of the nuclear; industry
around theworld. So my informal visitto Gorleben
had a special signif icanêe and rneaning for me.
The nuclear power industry in the Federal
Republicof Cermany (FRC, West Cermany) is as
insecure as the indust in the United States but
becoming a
rs rap
nuc
West Cerm
Craig Simpson is active with Citizens Against Nuclear Threats and the Cactus Alliance in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
lujah

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Europe with nuclear capability. But because of the
power. Atthis rate by 1984, Cermanywill be
fears and strong disapproval ofthe French, agreesecondonlytothe US. The rootsof the nuclear
industry there date back to the Third Reich and con- ments and compromises were made to have no
nuclear weapons on German soil. This was only retinues in an unbroken linetotoday.
luctantly agreedto bytheAmericans. ln 1955 the
The Cerman nuclear industry was set up in the
Federal Republ ic was al lowed open ly to build its
late 1930's for the development of nuclear wea"Atoins for Peace" program which Eisenhower enpons, but most work went into production of V-l's
couraged NATO countries to become involved in.
and2's as well as the Messerschmidts and submarines that made rubble of many parts of London.
Today the Federal Republic is the fastest
Hitler's atomic industry never split the atom (and
growing nuclear industry in theworld. lts enthusithere is controversy over whether they ever came
, asm for exporting nucleartechnology has made it
close), but it did irnportant and significant experithechief competitorof the United States. Since
ments valuable to the future nuclear world
pre-World War ll days, Cermany has wanted to
economy. The program had many setbacks due to
make its atomic industry independent (an idea
the sporadic arrest and exile of its scientists
which Nixon introduced in the US with Project lnDespite these continuous setbacks and the
dependence during theoil embargo), Lacking
program's supposed dismantlement after Na2i
uran i um reserves of any con sequence with i n its
Cermanywas defeated, the major scientists and
own boundaries, the FRC has.sought alliances with
f inancial and industria[ network which supported it
South Africa and Brazilto exchangetechnology for
resources in enriched uranium. Other nuclear allicontinued to operate. According to the Nuc/ear
ances have been set up with lran and lsrael to exAxis, a book released in J uly in London about the
FRC's atomic industry, "Professor Hans Martin of
change other val uable resources.
K iel Un iversity, who elaborated counter-current
The nuclear industry within the Federal Repubcentrifuge theory in 1939 and whose subsequent
lic is growing with leaps and bounds. Plans include
researches received top priority funding from the
the construction of 50 nuclear þwer stations in the
Nazis, published a major study on centrifuge gas
Rhine Valley alone, a fast breeder reactor at Kalflow profile in 1950. ln 1949the war-time centrikâr, and a reprocessing waste disposal complex at' r
f ugièts under Professor Croth were f unded to conCorleben
tinue their experiments by Emerggncy Association
Despite the rapid growth of the industry and its
for Cerman Science. Groth is nowthe senior centriburgeoning prestige abroad as a key exporterof
fugist in the Federal Republic.f '
n uclear technology, problems at home may destroy
Nazi financial links tothe FRC's nuclear prothe industry. Of the 14 power plants already congram can be made. "The present day atomic
structed, only f ive are actually f unctioning. There
energy industry in West Cermany," according to
are problems with leaks, faultyfuel rods, and much
the Nuc/ear Axis, "consists of a tightly interlocked
more. J une was an especially bad month forthem
group of companies backed by certain major banks
as three power stations suffered three accidents in
which directly...was responsible forthe early sucless than ten days. The f irst occurred in a 800cesses of the Nazi nuclear project." The US helped
megawatt reactor at Brun sbuettel, wherq tech n ii n sure the conti n uation of the Federal Republ ic's
cians attempting to repair a ruptured pipe disatomic industry by supporting ånd aiding the
covered a leak but underestimated its damage. An
nuclear scientists and encouraging the FRC's adextrernèly serious leak was averted when the
mittanceto NATO. America's main wish in thiS rereactor shut down purely by chance. The public
gard was to build a strong anti-communist f ront in
wasonly informed of this five days laterwhen an
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4WlNOctober26, 1978
October 26, 1978 WIN 5

anonymous tip to the press warned of the danger to
the comm un ity. At the largest nucleai power
station in Europe at Biblis, a leakage of radioactive
water was found on a routine inspection in the
reactor block. And just a few days later in Ceersthact, in the same state as Brunsbueetfel, a þull
dozer severed an underground drainage pipe lead'
ing from tlìe reactor. Two thousand gallons of
''weak" radioactive water leaked into the Elbe
River. Two accidents in the same area created increased tensiòn about nuclear issues.
ln March of this yeartherewas atransportation
accident in the health resort of Bad-Sooden Allendorf in the state of Hessen (near the East Cerman
border). A truck carrying nuclear wastes didn't
quite make a turn and hit a house. The barrels of
waste moved forward crushing the driver in his
cab. He was quickly hospitalized and the incident
hushed up in a few days time.
As in the United States, waste disposalof nuclear materials is a key problem of the Federal

Republic's atomic industry. Some construction of
power stations has been halted on courtorder
until thewaste problem is solved. Already90,000
barrels have been disposedof temporarily in
mines, but a permanent solution must be found to
savethe industry'. Both reprocessing and disposal
in salt are the alternatives proposed (now becoming a heated international controversy). So, the
Federal Republic's hope of a utopian solution is

\

Gorleben.
Corleben is a small community which can
rarely be found on a mapr located in Lower Saxony
in northeast West Cermany. The tiny hamlet sits
on a land peninsula which pushes out into the Cerman Democratic Republic (GDR, East Cermany).
On one side winds the romantic Elbe River, on the
other the series of tal I electron ic fences, g uard
towers, and mine fields of the CDR. This areaof
Lower Saxony is one of the few areas of Cermany
where there is some untouched natural beauty.
This is the '.'Heide, " or moor, where there exists
marshes, f ields, and forests unl i ke any other region
of the industrial "model state" of West Cermany.
Rare birds, plants, and other wi ldl ife abound in the
area. The attraction forthe atomic industry isn't
theterrain, thetall and beautifultrees, orthe rare
birds. lt'sthe large salt domesthat lie fourthousand feet below the surf ace wh ich were once part of
a prehistoricocean of the North Sea. Herethe FRC
plans the largest waste depository and
reprocessing complex in allof Europe. The planned
site will stretch over 1 5 square kilometers. The entrance hall is forthreethousand tons of fuel elements. The reprocessing unit will hold 1500
tons of uranium undergoing the purex extraction
process. The site will also have a waste treatment
plant for high-level wastes. All this the industry
claims is experimental - isn't it always experimental until they construct it? A private company,
DWK (Deutsche Cesel lschaft f ur Wiederaufbereitung von Kernbrennstoffen), will do testing and

construction. The Cerman word for reprocessing - literally means "removing worries." Corleben will be an Entsorgunspark, or.
Worry Removal Center.
ln the summ er of 1975 a series of f ires occurred
in four places in the Lower Saxony.prehistoric salt
sda. A short time later three of the f ire locations
were coincidentally announced as possible waste
sites. ln the Corleben-Cartow area, a large section
of the forest was devastated wh ile local rõsidents
fought to save it for almost a week. Now most people are certain the f ire was arson and many believe
it was the government who lit the match.
This area was chosen'finally and specif ically for
many reasons. First, the FRC firmly believes that
salt is the solution to their nuclear problems and
that the domes in this area are the most suitable.
'
Second, the population of the land peninsula is
both sparse and conservative, with the potential for
giving uncritical support to any government project. Third, becausethe site is surrounded on three
sides by the frgntier, the area is easy to seal off in

sentences incl udin g blackl isting and dism issal
from schools or unions. The first demonstrators at
Crohnde got 11to 13 months imprisonment. One
denìonstrator, Cerd Schulz; got a22-month prison
sentence by a l-lanover court in Aprilthis year for
breach of the peace, res i sti n g arrest,'th reat of vio-

.Entsorgung

case of mass demon stration s. Related to th i s i s that
if there were a major accident at the Corleben

plant,75%o of the people affected would be in East
Germany. CDR hasn't com plained because they
are building a similar plant right across the river.

Woode¡ constructions bu¡lt by anti-nuclear citizens. Photo by Hanna Kotowski,

ln the other proposed areas demonstrations
brokeout immediately. ln Unter Luhb, 100 kilometers f rom Corleben, a site was chosen. Almost
immediately after the announcement of the plan,
young people occupied the proposed site. Soon
afterwards, farmers blockaded the roads in the
area with their tractors to show support for the
occupiers.,Unter Luhb suddenly became politically
unsuited for the plan. But the people in the Corleben area weren't prepared for such a project to be
forced on them. lt took them longer to meet and
begin to organize. lt had always been diff icult for
them to f ully trust outsiders and sometimes even
people in outer villages and hamlets close by..The
government quickly began spreading their propaganda, talking to local residents, takirrg local officials to La Hague reprocessing center in France,
and setti n g a f avoïable pol itical cl i mate. But the
growth of the anti-nuclear movement in West Cer-

lence, and occupation of rail lines.
Despite repression, the anti-nuke movement
grows and continues to attract not only students
and leftists but support in local communities.
Burgerin itativen s (Bl) or citizen opposition groups
are rapidly spreading throughout the Cerman
state. Fifteen thousand now exist and most relate
to issues of urban decay, highway expansion, community and housing problems and ecological
concern s.

,The Burgerinitativen in the Corleben area is
n1ade up of 250 farmers, local merchants and local

A windmill at Corleben

by Hanna Kotowski

many has begun to touch even the isolated communities of Lower Saxony.
Only a few years ago, the anti-n uclear movement
was made up of a small handf ul of environmentalists, disenchanted leftists and a few fanatical
-1975,
when farmers and local
scientists. But in
people þlocked construction and occupied a proposed powêr plant site in Wyhl, the movement
exploded. The Cermans moved to the foref ront of
the no-nukes struggle in Europe with their large
creative demonstrations th roughout the enti re
countr.y. At Brookdorf in October 1976,10,O00
came and by FebruarY 1977 , 30 ,OOO. At
Crohnde reactor site in March of that year,
15,000 showed up, with a small occupation site
set up across the road and a barricade of the rai l roadtracks. ln J ulyof 1977,BO,OOOwentto
Creyes Malville in France to protest the SuperPhoenix, a 12 hundred-megawatt fast breeder. One
man was killed and many people injured. At Kalkar
near the Dutch border, 50,000 arrived to pro-

test the buildirìg of Cermany's f irst fast breeder.
An estimated 20,000 people never reached
their destination because of numerous arrests,
searches and seizures, and detention by police
from the state and federal governments. Trains
were stopped and people were forced out of the
cars into fields, then tied up and searched. Cars
were stopped at numerous checkpoints along the
way while tools, helmets, and anything construed
as a weapon were conf iscated. The East Cerman
government showed a rare form of cooperation
with the FRG by ref using to permit demonstrators
to cross the CDR from Berlin. The act'ivists were
forced to watch the demonstration on TV from the

walled city.
lndividuals arrested for just being a part of one of
these demonstrations áre facing extremell harsh

folks with support for lawyers, scientists and technicians in the area. They areth'e keyorganization
opposing the waste and reprocessing site. The Bl
has formed alliances with anti-nuclear, environmental, and nonviolent groups all over the Federal
Republic. Friends óf Corleben have sprung upìn
manyof the major cities. This coalition of individuals and groups has come together to save and
restore the remaining forest and to workto stop
nuclear power allover Germany.
Resistance took awh ile to form but has picked up
in the last year. Actions and organizing have been
creative and inspiring to anti-nuclear activists
throughout Europe. Amajoraction called bythe
Burgerinitativen in March of 1977 attracted an
occupation while planted 40-50,009trees in
the burned forest. Over the next few months, more
and more people brought and planted trees and
these have given a symboltotheir movement.
Some groups planted trees and vowed to nurse
the growth. Someof the 12,000atone
demonstration stayed and helped to build a ch ildren's playground with several Shelters, swings,
and an obstacle course for the chi[dren to play in.
The day I visited Corleben in J ulythis year, achildren's daywas planned. Several hundred people
walked, played, and talked in the area next to the
highway that runs through the center of the burned
forest. The Burgerinitativen and other anti-nuclear
groups had tables and stands scattered through the
playground. A bal I throw game allowed you to
knock over a cardboard executive of thê DWK or a
wooden anti-n uclear demonstrator.
"The government has demanded that we take
down the playground because it is supposed to be
an obstruction to the environment, " Hanna from
the Berlin Friends of Gorleben told me, "but we
feel the waste site will cause more of an obstruction
to the environment. " She laughed and walked to a
table close by to look at literature and bumpers.tickers. Some thought the police would tear down
the playground in a few days, but others felt it
would be delayed for political reasons. I leftthe
next day and have yet to hear.

6WlNOctober26, 1978
October 26.

.1978

WIN

7

\

The Bl is also taking legal action in many forms.
First, a court suit has been f iled both'to save the
forest areas and to bring to a public forum the issues surrounding the nuclear waste site. Second,
theyaretryingto buy upthe land. Theevening lar¡ived, the Bl lawyer had just tried to buy the land
froin one of the local farmers. The f armer told the
lawyer that if he had three m i I I ion marks with in f ive
days, he would sell the land to the citizen's group
ratherthan the goverhment. ln less than five days,
the money was col lected by supporters all over the
FRC. But the day the payment was to be made, the
lawyer was told that the farmer had sold the land to
the government only hours before. As the lawyer
sat'in the pub talking lively and drinking a few
beers he didn't seem discouraged. "lt showed that
there's quite a bit of support from all over Cermany. That in itself is a sign of great optimism. "
A Count in Lower Saxony seems determined to
help in the struggle. He has appointed a commission or review board to study the Corleben site. lt is
made up of Amory Lovins, theoretician of the soft
technology culture, Alice Stewart of Britain who
helped Mancuso in his studyof the workers atthe
Hanford, Washington, waste site, Tom Cochrineof
the Natural Resources Defense Commiftee, and
New Mexico's own Charles Hyder who is a leading
opponent of the Waste lsolation Pilot Plant in
Carlsbad, and other leaders internationally known
for their opposition to nuclear power. The commission will give advice and criticism to the state and
national governments at the sites.
The Bl is also encouragi¡g "green candidates."
This is a newtactic by environmentalists in Cermany to run ecologists for off ice and force stronger
political parties to take a stgnd on issues concerning the environment and nuclear power. ln
some places the Creen party has gotten as much as
4O%o oî the vote i n local election s. Some youn ger
activists are objecting to the green people and the
emphasis on electoral politics because of the
danger of losing,the base they have obtained and
spending more time on the election than on the
specif ic issue of the Corleben complex,
=Despite the legalistic maneuvers by
the Bl, most
feel direct action will be necessary. ln J une this
year, a national day of actions in support of Corleben occurred in 15 cities. Some groups planted
trees, some held marches through citiesr ln Hamburg, over a hundred people lay on the sidewalk at
the f ront entrance of the North Cerman electric
utilities company and executives were forced to
walk over demonstrators as thgy went into their
death-promoting jobs. ln another community, a
makeshift waste disposal and reprocessing site was
set up in front of the off ices of the DWK. The area
was gquipped with barbed wire, anti-nuke guards
with toy rifles and rad-waste barrels glowing in the
noon day sun. The actions got good press coverage
and keptthe isque alive among the German people.
This summerthe second annual nonviolentcamp
was held a few miles up the road f rom the burnt
SWlN October 26, 1978

forest in the town of Cartow. Last year eight
thousand people showed up during the three week
period and set up a tent city in the camping areas.
At f irst local people were a bit reluctant to welcome
this large inf iux of young people. But soon the -'
activists were helping farmers bring in the crops
and helping'locals with important community projects. ln the evenings, films and lectures were
given as well as training and discussions on nonviolence. Each city coordinated their area of the camp.
I arrived the f irst evening of the camp this year and
gave a short talk on the anti-nuclear movement in
New Mexico and what we are doing to stop nuclear
waste disposal in our state.
All the legal and creative actions and events
haven't gonã without resistance f rom the government, the DWK, and the nuclear industry. The
opposition is preparing for a long struggle against
the no-n uclear activists. October is believed to be
the month when testing on the site will begin and
local residents feel this will be the beginning of
permanent construction. Plans are being made to
block testing and construction. Whilethe activists
certainly hope for no violence, the opposition forces
are plannin_g to promote this form of struggle. The
DWK has employed a private detective f irm'with
over,a thousand emplóyees to watch over local resi.
dents. Some people have been followed, and spotlights have been shone on houses at night. Police in
thelocal area are supporting this but havetold an
angry public that they are looking for terrorists, a
common etrphemism and rationalization in present
day Cermany. ln Luchow. the largestvillage in the
land peninsulã, a courthouse which was tò be made
into a museum was abruptly announced to be the
new barracks for the expandi ng pol ice force [n the
area. The facilities will be ableto hold 100 pebple
with room and board for residents for as long as 12
weeks. A squadron of border police are also being
moved to th i s area. J ournal ists getti ng a tour of
town off ices in Lunburg were mistakenly brought
into a room not meant for visitors. ln it they found
lists of names, photographs and maps pertaining to
the Corleben resistance. lt seems they anticipate
upholding the nuclear industry's intentions before
, the issue is fully resolved.
The more I talked and compared notes with the
local leaders, the more I realized the importanceof
both our struggles: our:s in the US and New Mexico
to defeat the WIPP site a¡d theirs in Lower Saxony
and Corleben to defeat the Worry Removal Center.
A defeat of the waste plants in Cermany and the
United States would buiy the nuclear industry
forever. After sharing information, contacts, resources, songs, wine, and dinner, I believe that
through our friendsh ips and solidarity in the US
and Cermany, there is no way we can lose the
battle.
Please send your letters, banners, and íupport
this fallto the Corleben struggle: Burgerinitative
Luchow-Dannenberg, c/o El bholz 2, D-3136
Cartow, Federal Republicof Cermany. JZ

ô

by Thomas J. Cottle
n in the middle of winter's night, when the
Boston weather is at its coldest, Annie London
swears shè can hear the motors in the old tire factory where her father worked. lt is hard to believe
that 25 years have passed since those hot afternoons when her father showed her: and her brother
J usty where he worked
-when there was work. She
smiles and shakes her head. Folks up here, she
thinks, feel they got to fight the changes oía few
black chi ldren com i n g i nto thei r school s, that's
what all those folks call change? Taking a child
from out of his neighborhood and putting him in a
school a few miles away, that's what they're worried about? Those folks don't know what change.
really is, or what busing's really all about.
Annie London, now36, sees herfatherwalking
slowly for a man his age, although still too quickly
forhertwo little children to keep up with him. Her

smallapartment isquiet; winter brings a peculiar
night quiet.
When Annie London was seven years old, she
left Helena, Arkansas,, and traveled to a smalltown
outside Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where she lived
in the homeof Hattie and Fred Simpson. Everyone
in the London family called Hattie an aunt,
although in truth she was merely a close friend of
Annie's motherfrom childhood days. As herown
daughter had died in infancy, Hattie was only too
. Cottle is a fellow in the Af ro-American
Center of Wesleyan University and lecturer in
psychology atthe Harvard Medicalschool, and has
Thomas

J

authored
piece.

a

bookcalled Busing. fhis is a non-fiction

happy to have ch i tdren ,"

h".

;Ï;';:l Ïi,

""0
Annie were Cod-sent, she said.
Hattie's husband, known to everyone as Big
Freddy, wasn't certain taking in other people,s
ch ildren was a good idea. He acted stifily with the
children, atf irst, but in tinie he began tosoften.
The Simpsons never had much mòney, but Big
Freddy found a few dollars to buy J usty a baseball
glove, and a doll for his.new nine-year-old daughter. The years haven't dulled Annie's memor:ybf
the gift in the slightest. ltwas a pink-skinned doll
with red cheeks, blue eyes¡ and golden hair.
"Looked just like me," she recalls, grinning. But
the doll meant something special; Big Freddy had
accepted her, and she now could ih¡nk of her
mother without feeling terrif ied and lost. Until that
rainy afternoon Big Freddy had arriv'ed with the
two large boxes, Annie had thought about nothing
but her mother. Every night she lay in bed alongside J usty, recalling the icene at the bus station.
Again and again she saw her mother standing on
the roadside, looking up at the tall bus and her
children, waving to them and crying. Annie would
begin to cry. Sometimes she began to shake and
J usty would have to hold her arms tightly and tell
her if she didn't stop making so much noise he,d
call Big Freddy. J usty's threatwas enough to quiet
her, for the children had learned early thát Big'
Freddy was a man with a quick temper:.

¡

His anger came uhexpectedly, an explosion
seemi n gly touched off by noth i ng at al l. He would
come home f rom work, sit down on the old canvas
chair and begin to drink f rom a can of beer. Annie
would go to another part of the house, for Big
Freddy didn't want anyone around in these timês.
o.to¡elzo, t9z8wrN9

\

Then the explosion would be heard-swearing,
breaking things, the beer can thrown against the
wal l, cataracts of golden f luid stai n i n g the wal lpaper.
Annie would hide somewhere, terrif ied but fascinated. She would see Big Freddy staring out the
window, his shirt pulled open, his hand pushing
gone blind
"back his hair. He looked like a monster
with rage.
Yet strangely, as separated f rom him as she felt,
she could understand his rage. She certainly never
enjoyed his displays of anger, but she did feel
somehow in touch with him, as though she could
appr:eci ate that wh ich he sought to comm un icate.
Freddy was either a supreme, spokesman of f reedom, or a sickening prisoner, Ãnnie would say
years later, when she had become a teacher in
Boston. "The man had spirit. The way thq country
has it set up, black folks aren't supposed to have
pride. They're meant to do their work and be so
tired at the end of the day; therels no emotion left in
them. lf folks are properly enslaved, theyoughtto
just about make it home each night and not even
think about the fact no one should be forced to live
in homes like theirs, or eat the little bit of food
they're supposed toeat. Country has it planned.
They keep their slayes in the constant state of being
spent. Everybody talks about black folks being
oversexed. What a laugh! Nobody thattired all the
time could be oversexed. lt's amazing that Big
Freddy ever had the energy to bellow like he did.
Maybe that's why I never felt I could hate him for
his áisplays. He had a iotten temper, no doubt
about that, but at least he showed us he was fu I I of
feelings. lt's strangeto say, but Big Freddy gave
me hope. I grew up in Arkansas learning that the
way things were was the way they were supposed
to be. Nobody though aboutchanging nothing. Bus
came and took us to school. lf itwent5Qfeet, that
was f ine. lf it went 50 miles, that was all right too.
Everybody knew the school wasn't any good, but
you went there.
" First time I heard Big Freddy scream I ran off
as fast as I could. Never heard temper like that before. But later I listened to what hewas yelling.
That man wasn't screaming for personal hurt
alone. Hewas screaming because theway he and
Hattie and all of us were leading our lives was unbearable, and it always would be unless people got
f urious about their conditions. Didn't matter what
made him angry on a particu lar day. Point was that
he was letting us know you could hear f ury and live
f ury. lt could be part of the way you sing about the
world, change the world. I like to think Big Freddy
was making art, or at least f inding the force from
which a person begins to make his art.

"l rememberthatcanvas chair he used to siton.
Chair had these big holes in the arm. Big Freddy,
he'd sitthere and stick his fingers intothosecuts. I
used to do it too when he wasn't around. I found
those cuts again in the seats in the school buses.
First in the buses I uied to go to school in and now
in the buses that bring the ch i ldren to my school .
10WlN October26, 1978

There isn't a bus in this country that doesn't have
cut-up seats . They're always there, as if Big
'
Freddy got to every bus in America and put them
there himself .
" l imagine anger in those cuts. I imagine black
families yelling at the world that they've had it up
to here with being given the junk of the country: the
lousy schools, the rotten fruits, the burned-out
land, the useless homes, even the tenth.class
dope! I see those cuts and I hear Big Freddy bellowing his song. He justwantedtofight itout, find
something he could attack and fasten himself to it.
That's what it was all about, to f ight back. Because
no matter what our lives were all about, the idea
grew in everybody that we were being pushed
down and nobody was around to push back. When
noonewas home, Big Freddyscreamed. Thatwas
his politics."
Annie London saton awooden bench nearthe
school where she teaches. "so letf s talk about
busing," she said suddenly.
" l was bused to school all my life; it's not anything new: When I say I went to school in bu'ses, I
mean in the worst buses you ever saw. The
question of the day was whether the bus was going
to make it. Folks like us got used to it. We just assumed the buses would break down. Newbuses
were used to take the white children to school.
When the new buses got old, they used them to
hau I black ch i ldren . American s had ways of recycling things, you see, even before the ecology movement: They just gave all the garbageto poor folks
and blackfolks. When we gotthrough with them,

they weren't good for anyone.
"'l remember once, a bus broke down. J usty and
me and a bunch of other kids, we were going to a
segregated school in Harrisburg then. J usty hated
the school. I don't think he was beaten up more
than 300times. School didn't mind black girls
being a little intelligent, butthey hatedthat J usty
was smart. They also never believed he was shy.
Theythough hewas alwaysthinkingof waysto
make trouble. Once they called the police and had
him arrested because they saw him playing in the
boys toilet. J usty was in the bathroom trying to
clean himself afteroneof hisfights. Hetold Hattie
he was ashamed to go bàck into class with blood on
his shirt. Can you see my brother standing at the
basin washing his shirt in the middleof a school
day, and for thatthey arrested him? Hattie said it
was lucky he was only arrested and not suspended.
And for the great privilege of going to that school,
we got to ride the bus 50 minutes one way.
"l'lltell you something else aboutthattrip.
Cloverland was the street where they picked us up.
The only problem was that Cloveiland was in the
middleof wherethe colored people lived. Butthe
people who drove the buses, they didn't like the
idea you had to come down the streets where the
colored lived. So instead of picking us upon Cloverland, they decided on Dalrimple Street, which was
four miles from where we lived. So we had to get up
at six in the-morning to take one bus so we could t
I

catch the bus to school. They chose Dalrimple
Street because there was a police station where the
school bus stopped. Wasn'tthat convenient?
" lf that wasn't bad enough, this bus driver we
had was terrified we'd do something to him. I never
understood what he though nine and ten-year-olds
would do to him or the bus. We were thinking how
lucky we were the man was standing in f ront of the
police station every morning waiting for us. As it
was, the driver they had f irst ref used to drive to
Dalrimple Street. So they had a black man drive it
eight blocks to where this white man got in and
drove us the rest of the way to school . I always
wondered what the poor man who drove us the
eight blocks did after he drove us? I also remember
this white man, the regular.driver, used to park in
front of the police station and pr:actically run out the

door before anyof the children éven stood up. He
must have been running away from some very
scary fears.
"Now, every morning I come to school and see
the buses drive in and the crowds that wait for '
them. I seethe children getoff, everybody pushing
and screaming, people waiting for something to
happen. I see thse buses coming in as though I was
seeing them and a movieof them atthe sametime.
Every morning I seethe children coming off those
buses, then I see my brother getting off too. I see
him scrubbing the blood off his shirt, I see Big
Freddy, I see my mother waving. You don't look at
those buses coming in every day without seeing
your whole life rolling in and rolling out. Nobody
black sees these buses and doesn't think about how
their kinfolk went to school, or didn't go to school,
or weren't al lowed to go to school . I see buses
comiñg and going and I see children walking along
some Mississippi or Louisiana road, mile after
mile, day after dav, and allof it leading to what?
But those ch i ldren kept wal ki ng. My cousin Tarby
Hunratt got hit in the head with a rock walking to
school. Rock was so damn big ittooktwo boys to
pick it up and push iton topof him. Savannah,
CeoÉgia, 1951 . They shoved him into a ditch because they got scared when they saw how badly he
was hurt. Bo.y lay there all day before anybody
found him. Lost an eye, and his left leg and left arm
were no goodto him becauseof the damage doneto
his brain.
"Busing's not the answerto allour problems,
everybody knows that. But black folks don't have a
say in this coùntry, we haven't a shred of power.
Th is little period in history belongs to the buses.
Next decadethey'll have more surprises for uç,
more ways a fewof them willtry to help a fewdf us
without upsetting them too much. That't the way it
works: Keep the niggers in their place. My word, if
you bus these little children around and they get a
chance to see what they've been missing, they
m ight try to start some revolution . Nobody wantS to
believe that black families just like to have their
children educated. lt{s always, wewantour
children bused becauseof this political action, or
that desegregation model. Nobody knows how

rotlen the schools are in these poor communities.
Black parents know. Hattie knew damn well what
she was doing when she f ixed it for J usty and me to
go to that other school in Harrisburg. And my
mother, although she nevertalked about it, she
knew our chances would be better in tþe North. I
might haveended up cleaning toilets in Little Rock
or Selma. But that was part of the nonsense, that it
was always better in the North. Black folks
though, tirey knew nothing was safe anywliere. lt's
not better in the North. lt's only better where
people work hard to give somebody else's child a
chqnce.

"

Annie l-ondon was walkinþ home the long way
around, making certain to pass the large housing
project that occupied two city blocks. The grey
bricks of the buildings made a collage of shadows.
"How my mother believed in giving us a chance
to get out. Shecould have kept us in the South. But
she dreamed the big dream: Send thern north, give
them the northern chance. The whole world thinks
that women like my mother are good foronlytwo
things, having babies and shipping theirchildren
off to people who wi I I g ive them more opportun ities
than they can. Busing is more than a political or
legal decision. lt's people's lives. Busing is my
parents, my work, the ch ildren I teach . lt's Big
Freddy, Hattie, and J usty. He's a minister now,
little J usty. Where does time go? Busing got hinr
partwaythere. I believe he'd tell youthat. He'd
saythat being in the best schools availableto us
made a difference. You can survive eating the
worst food, but you won't grow from it. You only
grow f rom eating the best foods. "
Annie London had reached the steps leading to
the apartment building where she has lived for

threeyears. "l'm thinking about a man whose
name l'll never know. What did that man who
wouldn't pick us up on Cloverland Street think
about? I wonder, did he die yet, and if he did, did he
die thinking the same things he thought al I h is I ife?
l'd love to f ind that man and ask him, 'Can you look
at me,.Mr. Man? Can you see l'm a woman with a
real job, helping people, not just myown kind? Can
you really see me without running away to that
police station ? Can you see you did a good thing for
us? And all you were was a bus driver, like all I am
is a teacher. You know why you did what you did?
Because the law told you that's what you got to do
f ive mornings a week ancl lo and behold, if you,
frightened or not, didn't do itt'''
Annie London was grinning broadly. "The Lord
said, 'Mr. Bus Driver, l've got a wonderf ul new job
for you. I want you to deliverthose 12 black
ch ildren to the Harrisburg School so they shall be
free."Butto Cloverland Avenue, Lord?,,Well, Mr.
Driver., since it's stillearly in thernovernentdays,
l'll let you start your delivery on Dalrimple Street.
But your son, when he gets old enough to do your
job, will start from Cloverland Avenue. Fact, if
we're still needing those buses, he'll go doorto
door and pick up those children one by one. Oñe by
one, with every single one of them being countecl. "
October26, 1978WlN

11

are over 125 with new ones starting

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200 PROTEST DC

BAZAAR

ARMS

almostdaily. A keypartof this
growth are the new regional
groupings that bring together
campus groups and community
groups for joint action. The two
strongest coalitions are in the
northeast and on the weSt

coast-

utthis fallorganizing conferences are planned for the northSome 200 pickets marched in front east (New York), the midwest
of thesheraton ParkHotelin sub- (Evanston, lll.) andthesoutheast
urban Washington, on October 16, (Duke, North Carolina).
theopening dayof.an armaments ln the northeast, some40-plus
exhibit staged bytheAssociation schools and a numberof comof the US Army. Many of our
munity groups are organized into
placards, decorated with the skull the Nori-heast Coal¡tiõn for the
and crossbones, said "Stop the
Liberation of South Af rica
Merchantsof Death." Acrossthe (NECLSA). NECLSAwasfounded
street two demonstrators with.
last spring and it immediately
trumpets kept playing laps. T.hg launihedä wave of protests that
demo was initiated by the Mobili- included sit-ins at Wesleyan,
zätion for Survival
Princeton, and Amherst, and mass
olive green army buses f illed
protests at a score of other schools.
with men in military uniforms kept NECLSA has called a conferónce
pulling up to the hotel. As early as for Novemb er 17-19 at New York
9:30 am the hoteÍ was crowded University in New York City to plan
with men both in uniform and in
this year's campaign.
civilianclothes. lnsidewere50,000 Onthewestcoastthestudent
groups are organ ized into Camsquare feet of exhibits by 87 war
weapons manufacturers but not
þuses UnitedÂgainst Apartheid
onephotoofthewar-timeuseof (CUAA)which includesover20
theseweapons norofthedestruc- schools. CUAAcalledaseriêsof
tion which theywreak. Loudspeak- demonstrations againstthe Bank
ers blared out the eff iciency of the of America protesiing their loans
various wares as though they were to the South African lovernment.
selling vacuum c.leaners at some Five bank branches were briefly
trade exhibit. I observed a display occupied, scores were picketed,
of various types of machine guns. and protests were held at the anThree men were scrutinizing
nual stockholder's meeting.
them. Onerer.narked, "l bought CUAAalsocoordinatedthõfour
this one f ive.years ago. " I looked at simultaneous sit-i ns at University
him to see whether this was a joke of California campuses that won
but it wasn't
the demand for a special UC ReMy reaction totheexhibitwai: if gents meeting on ÙCtiestoSouth
only Woody Allen would do a "docu- Af rica.
mentary" on it! Total ridicule, I
CURA is a member of both the
feel, would be the most effective Bay Area Southern Africa Coaliway of exposing this arms bazaar. tion (BaySAC) and the Southern
¡:_ D^-r- California Southern Africa Coali-Jrm recK tion (SCSAC). BaySacand SCSAC
plan to unite soon with several
groups in the northwest to form the
AN TI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT West Coast Southern Af rica CoaliFORMS REGIONAL NETWORKS tion (WCSAC). Together the two
Cal iforn ia coal itions represent
This fallwill mark a new stage in
over 35 student, community,
the studeñt anti-apartheid movelabor, church and black activist
ment: regional coordination. Two groups that are involved in the
years ago there werè only a handSouthern Africa issue.
ful of colleges or universities with
The major fall focus for the west
anti-apartheid groups; now there
coast is the Stop Banking on Apar12WlNOctober26, 1978

theid Campaign which has targeted
the Bank of America for a November 1 7th day of protest that hopes
to have 250,000 leaflets distributed
at 500 bank branches to bank
customers, urging them to withdraw their accounts to protest the
Bank's loans to South Africa. Both
Cal iforn ia coal itions have endorsed this campaign as have many important labor and church groups.
BaySac has called a demonstration
for November lBth in San Francisco that will include a march past
the Bank of America corporate
l-lQ, the South African Consulate,
and the Federal Building.

Whi le the other regions aren't
as far along as the two coasts they
are making remarkable progress.
Especially strong is the midwest
region which has'a conference
scheduled for October 2O-22 at
Northwestern Un iversity in

linois. Hopefully this
conference will bring together the
two dozen midwest campus groups
with the strong community groups
in Chicago, Madison, and MilEvanston,

II

waukee.
Newsdesk

WEST GERMAN WOMAN
SEEKS US POLITICAL,ASYLUùI
Twenty-eight yearold West Cerman Kristina Berster was arrested
J uly 16, 1978 at the US-Canadian
border and, although technically
charged.with violations of US immigration laws, has been accused
by the Vermont media of "terror-

ism" and "Baader-Meinhof
gang" membership. These reports
stemmed from information rèleased by the FBI and the US Attorney's Office in Vermont. ln addition, the West Cerman government plans extradition in orderto
continue its silencing of individuals critical of the repressive measures in its court and prison
systems.

During the early 197O's Kristina
was a stuclent activist at the
Un iversity of Heidelber g. ln 1971,
based upon information from a
police informer alleging her involvement with a group preparing
for guerilla activity, Kristina was
imprisoned for six months without

trial. Upon her release Kristina refused to be silenced a4d spoke out
against prison abuse and rePressive legislative and executive
enactments. Shortly thereafter, a
trial was scheduled for the 1971
charges. The opportunity for a fair
trial was non-existent given the
police searches of defense attorney's off ices and exclusion from
certain legal proceedin gs. Despite

two recantations bythe star
prosecution witness, the,court accepted his original allegations and
found her guilty. Kristina began a
f ive year period in the political underground. During this periodrshe
worked as a medical assistant in a
Thifd World country but neverwas
involved in any kind of armed
struggle.
' Kristina attempted to enter the
US in mid-J uly in order to seek
polítical asylum. She thought that
remaining in Europe was far too
dangerous given the coordination
of police surveillance and search
tactics, Attempts by other Cerman
dissidents, such as Klaus Croissdnt in Paris in 1977-78, sawtheir
pleas for asylum spurned and were
returned to Cermany despite
broad-based popu lar support.
She now seeks assistance from
Americans in her f ight to receive
political asylum. lf returnedto
Cermany, she faces at least two
years in prison priortotrialunder
conditions of sol itary confinement,
psychological terrorism and physical and mental deprivation. Even
individuals acquited of charges
leave Cerman prisons nearly destroyed. Karl Heinz Roth, a
Cologne physician, accused of
membersh ip in a terrorist organization, spentat leasttwoyears in
jail priorto his trial and eventual
acquital. He was shot several
times during his arrest and was refused medical attention. Even
when he lapsed into a coma he was
denied proper treatment. The
politically repressive climate in
Cermany and recent legislation
acts allow discretionary and openended sentences for political activists. Accused are denied counsel of
their choice and are forced to face
trial with lawyers deemed " saÍe"
by the courts.
For more information on the

- case, contact: The_ Kristina Berster LOS ANGELES, CA J onathan
Defense Committee, Box 144,
Kozol will speak about his new
winooski' vr 05404'
book Children of the Revolution : A
-Newsdesk Yankee Teacher in the Cuban
Schoo/s on Sunday, October 29, 11
arp, atthe First Unitarian Church,
2936W . Bth St. For more information, call (213) 389-1356.

ATLANTA, GA- Annual Atlanta
Clergy and Laity Concerned Dinner with speaker Ceorge Lakey on
Thursday, October26, 6:30 pm at
St. Mark's Methodist Churih, ZBI
Peachtree. Cost: $3.50. Call (a04)
377 -6516 f or reservations.

AUSTIN, TX-CCCO will sponsor
a training session for military
counselors on Saturday, October

,9 am-3 pm at the Quaker Meeting House, 3014 Washington
Square. For more information,
contact Ken Carpenter at (512)
474-2399.
28

CHICAGO, lL Chicago Clergy
and Laity Çoncerned dinner with
guest speaker Pat Derian of the US
State Department Human Rights
Office on Thursday, October 26,
7 :30 pm, at St. J ames Episcopal
Cathedral,65 E. Huron. Cost: $15.
Call (312) 922-8234for reservations.

FIORIDA- Caravan for a NpnNuclear Future, the first ma¡or
Florida anti-nuke action, on November 11-16. The action will begin at the TLrkey Point reactor in
Miami and pass through Ft. Lauderdale, Palm Beach, Cocoa
Beach, Daytona and J acksonville,
ending in Tallahassee. For more
informatíon, contact the Conchshell Alliance, PO Box 43025,
South

Miami, FL 33143 (305) 253-

9458.

HUNTINCTON, NY- Sr. Rosal ie
Bertell will speak on "The Health
Hazards of Nuclear Power" on Friday, November 3, I pm at St. Elizabeth's Parish Center. Sponsored
by Long lsland Mobilization for

Survival Religious Task Force. For
more information, call (516)2612461.

NEW LONDON, CT - Demonstration to demand " US Navy Out of
Vieques, Puerto Rico!" on Saturday, October 2B atthe New London
naval Base. For more information,
contact the Puerto Rican Solidarity
Comm ittee at (212) 67 3-0540.

NEW YORK CITY- Discussion :
"Who Owns the Sun ?: Big Business and Solar Energy" on Friday,
October2T, B;15 pm at339 Lafayette St. Sponsored by Freespace Alternative U.

NEW YORK CITY- "While There
ls A Soul ln Prison...", a benefit
graphics and poster exhibit by
political artists for the War
Resisters League runs October 19November 12, 12 naon-6 pm, at
Callery 345, 345 Lafayette St.

NEW YORK CITY Northeast
Coalition for the Liberation of
Southern Af rica confeience on di.

vestment and anti-apartheid support work on November 17 -19. For
more inforrñation, write NECLSA,

c/o American Committee on Africa,305 E.46th St., NewYork, NY
10017.

SANTA MONICA, CA- lsraeli
peace activist J oseph Abileah will
speak on Arab-J ewish reconciliation on Sunday, October 29, 1 :30
pm at Santa Monica Friends Meetinghouse, '1440 Harvard St. Sponsored by Committee to Bridge the
Cap, Los Angeles FOR, and the
Southern California Nonviolent
Community. For more information, call (213) 479-7472.

,

WORCESTER, MA- Mobi I ization
for Survival activist Sidney Peck
will speak on "What ls the Likelihood of Nuclear War ln Our Ceneration?" on Thursday, October 26,
7:30 pm at Sprenant Hall of Quinsi gamond Community Col lege,
Róom 120, at 670 West Boyleston

st.

/

'

October26, 1978WlN 13

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most of them in polyester pantsuits, for all the world
the epitome of conventional middle America, But appearances are deceiving, for once the story begins to
as they were 40 years ago: smart,
' unfold we see thernheroic.
brave, defiant and
As they describe the terrible working cond¡tions
leading up to the strike, we are shown footage faken
inside the factories-workers on the assembly line,
the inhuman speedup, the frightening machinery, the
deafening noise. One woman tells about arriving at
her shift and being told that someone has lost two
f ingers. "The twof ingers were still lying on the
machine,." she says. lt is "Modern Times" with the
comedy leftout.
When the men sit down, the women workers. leave
the plant lest charges of sexual misbehavior be
leveled against the strikers. They are assigned
women's work, they cook huge cauldrons of food in
the union kitchen, theycollectblankets. Then
gradually, they begin to take a more active role ¡n
union affairs. They join the picket line. Soon they are
facing terrible dangers, tear gas, truncheons, the
mounted police. ln the face of growing violence, they

organize a children's picket line, they_talk to the
police. The women are a humanizing force in a very
dangerous situation.
The f ilm cuts back and forth f rom then to now, with
marvelous footage, great narrative skill. To listen to
these aging women, to witness their pride, their excitement, their youthful energy, is a rare and wonderTulexperience.
Oneof the keywomen, still handsome and vital,
tells about her own role ¡n averting disaster after the
National Cuard was called in. The strike has been
going on for many weeks, the two sides tense, the
situation extremely explôsive. The guards with their
machine guns are lined up against the picket line.
Reuther, in a truck with loudspeaker, has been
roaming the streets trying to calm things down.'Our
heroinegets up on the truck and calls on the women of
Flint, Michigan, to join the picket line to protect the
þ
strikers. She is so eloquent, so persuasive, that many
Photo from Chicago Historical Society/The Spokeswomãn.
women step across the barriers. The audience at Lincoln Center cheered, my eyes f illed with tears.
WITH BABIES AND BANNERS:
These areour sisters. I thoughtof the many actions
STORYOF THE WOMEN'S EMERCENCY BR¡GADE
by women during the Vietnam War; I
organized
t
Directed by Lorraine Gray
thought of the women of lreland crossing religious
Produced 6y Lorraine Gray, Anne Bohlen, and Lyn
Goldfarb
þarrièrs in an effort to end the slaughter; I thought of
the women in ancient Greece boycotting their husWomen's
bands beds for as long as they continued to f ight. lt is
Story
of
the
Banners:
With Babies and
th is sense of connectedness that is so exh i laratin g.
Emergenôy Brigade, shown atthe Lincoln Center
The women who made this f ilm - itwas directed by
Film Festival, is a documentary aboutthe sit-down
part
Lorraine Cray and produced by her with Anne Bohlen
strike of 1937 against Ceneral Motors and the
Lyn Coldfarb-deserve our thanks for resurrecta
reand
film
opens,
played
As
the
that
in
strike.
,women
ing an important moment in labor history, but even
union is taking place to mark the 40th anniversary of
more for honoring these brave, resourceful women
thai historic event. About eight women gather in a
They
are
a powerful, if short-lived force, in the labor
in
the
strike.
whowere
house to talk about their role
movement.
middle-aged and elderly, their hair tightly curled,
The f ilm is available from New Day Films, P.O. Box
Ygrk
City
in
New
writer
Svb¡i Ctaiborne is a f reelance
3'15, Franklin Lakes, New J ersey ,07417

I

.

and has just joined W/N's

14wtNOctober26, 1978

editorialboard.

SybilClaibornö

PRODUCTS
PEOPLE'S ENERCY- A No Nukes,/Sane.Energy
1.979 Calendar. 14 exciting, original six-color artworks by movement artists illustrating such topics
asr Waste, Seabrook, Disarmament, Appropriate
Technology, Energy Economics. People's Energy is
also: an educational & outreach tool; an organizing
and solidarity-building resource; a fun fundraiserl
Orders placed by -l O/78-SOo/o discount, 40o¿ after
10/-l ,35o/o to proÍ it businesses; al I orders prepaid
pleasê. $3.50 retail, $4 individual mail orders. Syracuse Peace Council, 924 Burnet Ave., Syracuse, Ny
13203 (31s) 472-s478.

PEOPIES

N

,,No Nukes
SAVE MONEY!
Activist
- You'll love
Set" of th ree buttons, two bumperst ickers $2.00Larry Fox, 139 Derby Street, Valley Stream,- New
York11581.
Dl SCOVE R our cu.stom-printed buttons, bumperstickers, T-shirts, balloons, frisbees, totes. oaiches.
shopping bags, and hundreds of other proúen fund-'
raisersandçonscìousness-raisers. Larry Fox,'139
Derby Street, Valley Stream, New York 1158ì (516)
791 -7929. Discounts to Movement organ ¡zations !

Free il no exchange ol $8 involoed
ond only 20 words in length.
Otherwise $2. lor eugry t,en words:
PUBLIC NOTICE
MEMBERS NEEDED: N.C. People's
a
state-wide c¡tizen's group for social and economic
iustice. Write: Box 3053, Durham, NC27705.

SERV tcEs
The Brandywine Peace Commun¡ty and Alternative
FuncJ is a nonviolent res¡stance commun¡ty (both
live-in and extended). We are working for peace,
disarmament, and a change of val ues and priorities
away from war and its preparation to an emphasis on
peace, social justice, and people's needs.
Brandywine sponsors educational programt, act¡on campaigns, and public demonstrations in order
to highlight the moral, political, and economic imperative of disarmament. Addit¡onally the group is

Christmas Peace Pilgrimage, December 16, Phil
Berrigan- speaker. Write for flyer: MCC Peace Section, Akron, PA1750'1.
War Resisters ieague,/Southeast offers workshops
on several topics including disarmament, feminism,
nonviolence history and thæry. For more information and a sample copy of our newslettef, contact

WRL/SE, 108 Purefoy Rd., Chapel Hill, NC27514,
.(919)967-7244.

making a pos¡tive statement with ¡ts alternative
fund. Th is fund, comprised of refused war taxes,
personal savings, and group deposits, makes
interest-free loansto social change and service
groups (primarily in Delaware and Chester Counties, PA. ) Contact: Brandywine Peace Commun ity
and Alternative Fund,51 Barren Rd., Media, PA

Some of us did survive the sixties ! There are thousands of us in the Fellowshipof Reconciliation who
continue to work for a j ust and peaceful world. J oin

us! Writeto: Fellowshipof Reconciliation, Box
271-W, Nyack, NY 10960.

19063

The Fatteil Sproul is Movement fora New Soc¡ety's
alternative food service with a consc¡ence. We can
provide low cost, individually tailored vegetarian
food fororganizations from 25 to 3000. Contact us ¡f
we can help you with food issues or service for your
group: 906 S. 49th St., Phila., PA19143 (215)726:

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
Prospective law school graduate seeks full-time
movement work. Experience: organizing,
publishing, f undra¡sing. lnterestsr feminist, health,
labor, peaceconversion. Contáct: CaryM¡tchell, 1O
Brookside Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 0S901. (201)

0743.

,

PUBLICATIONS

249-7671.
,

"surveillanceof Nuclear PowerOpponents" de-

-----

scr¡bes recent activ¡t¡es by government,/private invest¡gators. Send SASE to Campaign to Stop Covernment Spy¡ng, 201 Massachusetts Ave., NE f112,

washinston, DC20002.

WIN's Special Dquble lssueon Health Carewith
articles by Ron Dellums, Claudia.Dreifus, andothers

'

Act¡v¡st/Educator / Organizer : Buffalo area, CALCrelated peace group seeks 2nd staff person to coordi, nate programson d¡sarmament, anti-nuke, hu¡nan

rightsandhungeriSsues. lmmediateopening. Subsistençe pay. Send resume to: Western New York
Peacd Center, 440 LeRoy Ave., Buffalo, NY 14215.
Phone: (71 6) 833-021 3, after 5 pm 833-31 75.

Two experienced comm.unityorgan¡zers wanted to

on occupational safety and health, women's health,
rural medical alternatives and more. Order now in
bulk for distribution to friends and co-workers. $1 .00
each for 1 -9 copies,.40l each for ten or more plus
209lo postage. Send orders to; WlN, 503 Atlântic
Ave., Erooklyn, NY 11217.

develop utility action groups. Experience in community organizing and familiarity with utility ¡ssues
required. Salary commensurate with exper¡ence.
Positions available October, 1978. Apply to: Executive D¡rector, RECAP, lnc., 34 South St., Middletown, NY 10940.

THE STUDY KIT FOR NONVIOLENTACTION,
produced by War Resisters League/West contains
articles on the_theory and practice of nonviolence,
both personally and politically as well as accountj of
the successes and problems of contemporary nonviolence.,{rticles and pamphlets by Camus,
Candhi, Cene Sharp, Barbara Deming, Vaik
Morris, Ceórge Lakey and the WtN dõúble issue on
Seabrook are to be found and rhuch more as wel L
Send $2.50 per study kit to WRL/Wesr, 1360
Howard.St.., S-an.Francisco, CA 94103. Spec¡al rates
are available for b.ulk orders, soorder thäm for your
study group. teach-in, or classroom.

Responsible, con s¡derate people to ioin
now-forming collectively run natural foods resI a u rian t -coffeehouse. No ex perience n eces sary.
Heav'f, long-term commitment. Pæple's Power
Plant,43 South Washington St., Binghampton, Ny

Kansas City Nonv¡olent Stud¡es lnstitute Book Store
closed it's doors last year. However, there are still
lots of good books and pamphlets avai lable at unbeI ievable savings of 5Oo/o to75o/o off list price. Send
501 for a book I ist to Robert Calvert, 31i+ Hardesty
Drive #1-C, Kansas City, Missouri 64128.
The Continental Walk Book reduced to $2.50 for
lim¡ted time only!.9hecks should be made payable to
"Continental_Walk. " WRL, 339 Lafayette, Nbw
York, NY 10012.

13903.

HOUSEPARf NTS WANTED. Couple or single person..Comm un ity organ ization that helps former'
"delinquents" plar to expand, establishing more
family style group homes for I eenagers, wiih 3-5
kids in each . Houseparent salary current lv $60O oer
month plus room & board, plus medical cóveragË;
sa lary negot iable. Call or write Frank L indenfe-ld,'
Community Federation for Self Help, 210 S. Walnqt
St., West Chester, PA 193S0. (ZlS¡ 436-gg2a.

PRISONERS

Reginald Moore, #14'l-334,
ville, OH 45699

P

.O.Box 45699, Lucas-

Claude Taylor, #140-403, P.O. Box 45699, Lucasville, OH 45699

David McCaffrey ,#77 A-634,25OHarris Rd., Bedford Hills, NY 10507
HELP
WANTED for book ¡n preparation, interviews with
ex-professors now involved in alternative education.
Contact : C. Taylo r, Box 37 O, Edgewood, TX 751 1 7.
New York City illN reader desperately neecls
remedial sewing and cheap bicycle. Barter prefered,
though cash possible. Shel Horowitz. 48 Duffield
St., Brooklyn, NY 11201 1212)858-2461.
Peace ls Our Profession: War Protesl Poems. ..War
protest ¡n poems and short prose by soldiers, war
veterans and c¡vilians who refused to be soldiers,
f róm the lndoch¡na War (anä before) and in its wake:
a sort of reader of revolt to hand the next generat ion
be¡ng wooed into un iform. Please send material ( including art work) with SASE to lan Barry, 75 Cates
Ave., Montclair, NJ 07042.

.

StatementofOwnership,
Managemenl and Circulalion

1. liile of publication: WlN. A. Publication
number: 685880. 2. Date of liling:1O/13/78.3.
Frequency of issue: weekly eicept for the 1st
week ¡n J anuary, the 4th week in March, the 2nd
week in J une, the last 2 weeks in August, the
first 2 weeks in September & the last week in
December.3A. No. of issues published annually: 44. 38. Annual subscription price: $15. 4. Locat¡on of known office of publication (not pr¡nters):503 Atlântic Ave.,5th floor, Brooklyn,
Kings County, New York 112'17. 5. Location of
the headquarters or general business offices of
ihe publishers: same. 6. Names and complete
acJdresses of publisher, Editor, Managing
Editor: Publisher: W.l.N. Magazine, lnc., 503
Atlant¡c AVe., Brooklyn, Kings County, New
York 11217/War Resisters League, 339 Laf¿yette St., New York, New York County, NY
10012. Editor: WIN'is edited and managed by

the staff of W.l.N. Magazine, lnc:

Susan

Beadle, Patrick Lacefield, Michael Lardner,
Lauri Lowell, Murray Rosenblith, 503 Atlantic
Ave.,5th floor, Brooklyn, Kings County, New
York,11217.7. Owner: W.l.N. Magazine, lnc.,
503 Atlantic Ave., 5th floor, Brooklyn, New York
1'1217.8. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and

other security holders owning or holding I percent or morè of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other securities: None. 10. Extent and
nature of ciiculation: (after each item the first
number is the average number of copies each
issue during preceding 12 months; the 2nd
number is the actual number of copies of single
issue nearest to filing date.) A. Total no. copies
pr¡nted (net press run): 5,000 (5,000). B. Paid
circulat¡on: 1. Sales throueh dealers and carriers, street vendors and counter sales: 426
(494). 2. Mail subscriptions: 3583 (3528). C.
Total paid circulation (Sum of 108 and 1082):,
4009(4022). D. Freedistribution by mail, carrier'
or other means samples, mmplimentary, and
otherfrescopies: 476(519). E. Total distr¡but¡on
(sum of C andD): 4485 (4541). F. Copies not distributed: 1. Office use, left over, unaccounted,
spoiled after printine: 171 (131).2. Returns from
news agents: 344 (328). C. Total (Sum of E, F1
and 2-should equal net press run shown in A):
50m (5000). 11. I certigy that the statements
made by me above are correct and complete:
(signed) Murray Rosenblith.

.

These prisoners have written to WIN request¡ng.
contact with.the "outs¡de,', hoping you èan givã
them more than a cell and a number. Someof them
are in the " hole, " many are pol itically aware, al I of
them are WIN readers..Takea few minutes-write
to a pr¡soner.

October26, 1978WlN'15

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A B$IEFIT FCR I1]E WAR RESIÍERS IÍACT.JÉ

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Subsorillo

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