College news, November 8, 1961

VOL. XLVII—NO. 7

ARDMORE and BRYN MAWR, PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1961

%) Trustees of Bryn Mawr CoHege, 1961 .

PRICE 20 CENTS —



Nash’s Political Opinions
Set off Hot Controversy

Mr. Edward L. Nash, Manhattan

Chairman of Young Americans for
Freedom, discussed conservatism in
American politics on Monday evening,
November 6, for the Current Events
Club. His talk was entitled “The
Tide Has Turned.”
. Justifying the title of his speech,
Mr. Nash cited the general upsurge
of conservative politics in the United
States. Conservative books and pam-
phlets are appearing with increasing
frequency. On campuses, such as
the City College of New York
where the Americans for Democratic
Action were termed “right wing,” au-
thentic conservative groups are now
taking the offensive.

To illustrate conservative power in
elections, Mr. Nash used his own
unsuccessful campaign for city coun-
cilman from Manhattan against the
more liberal Republican candidate,
Stanley Isaacs. Although he was
unknown and inexperienced as a pub-
lic candidate, although he got no
support from the press, although he
was “fighting the best Republican ma-
chine in the country,” Mr. Nash won
42% of the yote in downtown Man-
hattan. He mentioned the “tremen-
dous” grass-roots response to his
cause,

Moving on to a discussion of his
beliefs, Mr. Nash termed the word
“conservative” a misnomer which he
cannot. seem to avoid. Until the
1930’s, those .men who. struggled
against centralized government (such
as the American revolutionists) were
called “radicals.” Neither is he a
“fascist” for fascist believes in
militaristic centralized government,

x

while he is for, individual freedom.
Mr. Nash gave a question he asks
of anyone he‘jthinks might be con-
verted to congervatism. The ques-
tion is: “In your own life, which do
you feel is mpre important—oppor-
tunity or security?” Those who an-
swer security—usually older peo-
ple, people with inherited fortunes,
or basically lazy people—he calls

“liberals.” Those people who answer
_ “opportunity”—usually people whose

"jobs depend on ability, not on “who
you know”—he calls “conservatives.”

With the liberal philosophy domin-
ating the country, there is a “whole
breakdown of character” and “ability

is penalized.” ~

Mr. Nash*further mentioned that
_ the problem of our foreign policy is
that the people who are charged with
spreading our views abroad—such as

Edward R. Murrow—do not really

believe in the American system of

capitalism, Neither are . traditional

‘ capitalist economics taught in our

colleges today. Mr. Nash advocat-

ed a return to traditional capitalism,
mentioning that liberalism has had
an unsuccessful thirty years’ trial
and that Germany, the most prosper-

‘ous country in Europe, had learned
to reject left-wing economy.

_ Mr. Nash stated his philosophy of
government administration by say-
ing that “every aspect of government
should be left to the smallest level
of government.”







Gordon Boyce, the President
of .the Experiment in Interna-
tional Living will speak in Phil-
adelphia on Thursday, Novem-
ber 16. His topics are the Ex-
periment and the Peace Corps.
Everyone is invited whether
they: have any previous connec-
| tion with either group or not.

By Josie Donovan
A lively discussion followed Mr.
Nash’s remarks. the’ essential ob-
jections to Mr. Nash’s position cen-
tered around several of his assump-
tions. One of these was that man,
when given the opportunity, can rise

everyone has the potential to make
of himself what he chooses. This as-
sumption was attacked on sociologi-
cal grounds; man is limited by his
economic and social environment.
Unless some external force intervenes
to equalize these conditions, equal
opportunity does not exist. A man
born to the slums cannot raise him-
self & la Horatio Alger to the posi-
tion of a corporation executive.

The current situation in our South
is a good example of this problem.
Should no external force (i.e. the
U. S. government) be allowed to in-
tervene to equalize conditions?—
to enforce integration? Or, on the
contrary, does the government have
the moral responsibility .to intervene
in the name of a higher principle—
namely, equal educational rights for
all. _ Shouldn’t this principle ‘prevail
against Nash’s dogmatic principle of
non-intervention ?

This principle, according to Nash,
is designed to protect the individual
in his historic struggle against the
state. Yet, it would seem that one
of the main functions of a represen-
tative government is precisely to
guarantee individual rights. If these
rights are to be ideal guiding prin-
ciples, it is the function of the gov-
ernment to insure their realization.
Thus does one justify federal ‘inter-
vention in Little Rock.

Another premise violently attack-

Continued on Page 4, Col. 1

to whatever position he desires—that |,



Integrationists Find
White Opposition,
Slanted Texthooks

Two integrationists, Tom Hayden,
a free-lance reporter, and Charles
MacDougald, chairman of the Stu-
dent Non-Violent Coordinating Com-
mittee, discussed the current problems
of desegregation in McComb, Missis-
sippi at a meeting of the Bryn Mawr-
Haverford Civil Rights Committee,
November 4. Both-speakers remind-
ed their hearers that, while areas
which have made strides in integra-
tion receive much publicity and are
considered representative southern
towns, most southern communities
have not even begun to consider
granting civil Tights to their Negro
citizens.

Tom Hayden outlined the back-
ground of the racial conflict in Mc-
Comb. Stimulated by action in the
area of voter registration, five N 2

Continued on Page 4, Col. 4

Biological theories of evolution
were the subject of a Class of 1902
lecture given by Dr. Ernest Nagel
on Thursday evening, November 2,
in the biology lecture room. Dr. Na-
gel, John Dewey Professor. of Philos-
ophy at Columbia University, consid-
ered evolutionary theories from a
philosopher’s point of view: the con-
nection between the premises and
conclusions of satisfactory scientific
explanations, specifically of evolution-
ary explanations.

“Science is a search for under-
standing,” explained Dr. Nagel. The
structure of most explanations which
satisfy this quest goes back to Aris-
totle’s scientific syllogism. The struc-
ture of this type of explanation is
deductive; premises are established
contaifiing one or more universal laws
which logically and necessarily lead



to a conclusion. Therefore this type



President Clarifies Problem;
Replies to Students’ Queries

Responding to a request made by
students, Miss McBride met a group
of undergraduate and graduate stu-
dents and members of the faculty
and administration for a discussion
of the Maids and Porters system
Monday afternoon. The purpose of
the meeting was to clear up any mis-
understanding, misconceptions or ig-
norance the students might have had.
The present and possible future set-
ups were discussed.

Hiring, working and living condi-
tions were discussed in regard to the
present system; a list of questions



by Mabel. Lang

Chairman of the Greek Department

The Palace of Nestor will be re-
vealed in all the glory of colored
slides and Greek sunlight by arch-
aeologist Carl W. Blegen Monday,
November 13 at 8:30 p.m. in Good-
hart Hall. Mr. Blegen is Professor
Emeritus at the University of Cin-
cinnati, sometime Director of the
American School of Classical Studies
at Athens and currently a resident of
Athens and Professor of Archaeol-
ogy at the School. A long career of
excavation in many parts of the
Greek world combined with a com-
prehensive knowledge of the mater-
ial remains and a meticulous respect
for. stratigraphy has made him the
foremost American authority on pre-
classical Greece. His excavations at
Korgkou and Zygouries made clear
the development of the 8rd and 2nd
millenia B. C. and served as a back-
ground for the scientific re-explora-
tion of Troy, which has recently cul-
minated in the publication of four
large and definitive volumes.

Professor Blegen’s present dig at
Pylos, in southwestern Peloponnesus,
was begun in 1939 with a trial: trench
in what only he could have ‘guessed
would turn out to be the’ Palace of
Nestor, that wise and garrulous coun-
selor of the Greeks in the Trojan
War. On the first day of that exca-
vation he turned up the first tablets
written in Linear B to be



The meeting will be held at In-
‘| ternational House, 140 North
15th Street a. 8: 30 p.m. —

matic decipherment of that script









a

. :
LS
; ‘

and proof positive that the ‘Mycenae-

é



Excavator of Nestor’s Palace
Will Lecture on His Findings

an’ peoples in both Greece and Conte
spoke Greek.

Professor Blegen’s theme for the
lecture will be recent developments
in the excavation of Nestor’s Palace,
which was destroyed about 1200 B.C.
and preserved under a few inches of
soil for our better understanding of
architecture, furnishings and fres-
coes. ;

Oxtoby Discusses
Pure Math Needs

Speaking at a week-long seminar
for mathematicians from England,
Germany, Hungary, Rumania, Yugo-
slavia and the United States, held
at Tulane University, Mr. J. C. Ox-
toby, Professor of Mathematics, said

that the shortage of teachers of:

mathematics is serious in all” levels
of education. Because salaries are
higher, half of the young mathema-
ticians earning their doctor of phi-

_ |losophy degree are going into non-

academic work, filling positions in in-
dustry, commerce and government.
It was thought at the conference that
while the practical applications of
higher mathematics, such as those
of space-science, lure students into
the field, many of them soon find
their interests bending towards pure
mathematics, which has no immedi-

f on jate practical applications.
os
reaction which led to the recent

The conference was supported by
the National Science Foundation. One
of the main topics of the conference
was the ergodic theory.

e

thad been prepared in advance by the
students; these were presented to
Miss McBride by Ruta Krastins,
president of the senior class. Follow-
ing the answering of the questions
by the President, the discussion was
opened to the floor for further ques-
tions and clarifications.

Miss McBride stated initially that
one-should not think of the Maids
and Porters set-up as a System but
as a practice of having a number of
jobs done by people so that the stu-
dents will have more time for their
work.

Various facts of the practice were
brought out in the ensuing questions.
The number of staff members hired
in any one year is minimal compared
to the number of those who remain
year after year. In hiring ‘Maids and
Porters, Miss Howe, Director of
Halls, likes to have people who have
been recommended by a member of the
staff. If this does not have results
she works with the employment agen-
cies in Philadelphia. The employees
come primarily from this area.

The work loads of all the staff
members are the same across the
campus, allowing for differences in
the nature of the pursuits of the
‘maid, porter, cook or bell-maid. The
maid waits tables in the “simplest
form short of a cafeteria service.”
She does a stated amount of clean-
ing per week which includes a fifteen
minute allotment to each studert in
one of the maid’s schedules.

The cooks prepare meals.

The porters do general cleaning in
the halls, help settle people in the
fall and often greet people at the
door.

The maids and porters are directly
responsible to the hall manager and
Miss Howe. Miss McBride said that
the problems of personnel were real-
ly none of the student’s concern.

There have been general increases
in the salaries of the staff since 1946-
1947. All staff members receive the
same pay; there is no merit or se-
niority provision. Frequent studies
are made with Haverford and other
local institutions for comparing em-
ployee salaries. They work a six-
day 40-42 hour week and receive
upon retirement a pension from the
school and social security.

In response to a question concern-
the position of hall manager, Miss
McBride said that no maid had ever



Continued on Page 4, Col. 1

ing the advancement of a maid to}

Nagel Investigates Philosophy
In Modern Evolutionary Theory

of explanation makes prediction pos-
sible.

Despite the opinion of many phi-
losophers, however, there are explan-
ations which do not fit into the deduc-
tive pattern but nonetheless are sat-
isfying. Evolutionary explanations
attempt to account for variety among
species. Darwin explains that a
large number of random variations.
occur in organisms and are trans-
mitted through heredity to their off-
spring. The environment acts as a
sieve, selecting favorable variations
and eliminating unfavorable ones.
More recent genetic developments
have added to evolutionary theory:
The transmission of traits on- the
genes is through random pairing of
the parents’ genes; therefore : the
genotype of the offspring follows
not determinate but only statistical
‘laws;-which are ‘applicable not to in-
dividuals but only to entire popula-
tons, Furthermore, mutations occur.
Therefore one cannot predict the
characteristics of an individual be-
cause pairing of gametes is at ran-
dom; and one cannot predict the char-
acteristics of a population. because
statistical calculations cannot consider
possible mutations; and one cannot.
predict the evolutionary development
of a species because of the two pre-
ceding gaps in our predictive ability,
and also because one cannot predict
environmental changes.

Into what kind of pattern does

this evolutionary explanation fall?
A given species with a given geno-
type_lives under certain environmen-
tal conditions. This species develops
into another species with a different
genotype, living under totally differ-
ent environmental conditions. It has
been seen that no known law or prem-
ises make it possible to predict along
what line evolution will take. place.
Why, ‘logically, must this be -true?.
Modern theories of genetics use. lan-—
guage which does not imply or per-
mit any prediction of future species.
Dr. Nagel explained that these the-
ories are concerned with the combin-
ing and assortment of genes, but that
this does not imply the knowledge of
environment or mutations which
would make prediction — possible.
Therefore, from evolutionary theory
itself, prediction is logically impos-
sible because the theory does not
concern itself with the subjects that
would allow’ prediction. Dr. Nagel
then explained why this is necessar-
ily so. The premises of evolutionary
theory are not established prior to
the conclusion of a series of events.
Initial premises are not possible since
the conditions cannot be stated all at
once but are progressive. Each
change in environment and each ge-
netic mutation is the addition of an-
other condition or premise, And the
prediction of a given species by de-
ductive reasoning is not possible wun-
less all these premises are known ‘be-
forehand.
This example in biology, concluded
Dr. Nagel, makes it clear that there
is a domain in which non-deductive
explanations are satisfying. Our
quest for understanding in science
does not always fall into the deduc-
tive pattern. Although these explan-
ations are not able to predict, they
do provide genuine enlightenment.
Therefore a philosopher cannot say
that non=deductive explanations with
premises that are not initial but pro-
gressive are not legitimate explana-
tions. Since they do provide genuine
enlightenment in science, the defini-
tion of a_ satisfactory explanation
must be broadened to include cxplan-
ations of this type.






Page Two

THE COLLEGE NEW

Ss



James Thurber

On Thursday, November 2, James Thurber died of pneu-
monia. Somehow this event is not only a bit of regrettable
news, but a strangely personal horror to any one of his mani-
fold admirers. You could not read Thurber and not feel that
you knew him personally—his wacky family, neurotic dogs,

and bewildered associates.

You could not escape noticing,

either, that he knew you as well—‘pocketa-pocketa-queep”’

and all.

Of this insight, Malcolm Muggeridge, former editor

of Punch, once said, “Thurber is great because he tells the
truth.” That, indeed, he did,.but without bitterness and with-
out malice though with a penetrating acumen... In the frantic
years after World War One Thurber commented, “In 1918,
Americans naively feared the enemy more than they feared

one another.”

He demonstrated his unique outlook, compounded of wit
and candor, in forms ranging from short-stories to essays to

plays to children’s books and cartoons.

He appraised the

whole of the human comedy in meticulous and brilliant prose.
He remarked, for example, of his own medium, that, ‘““Humor
is emotional chaos, remembered in tranquility’ —a statement
not only perfectly describing but succinctly exemplifying his

own practice of that art.

It is to his own words that we must turn, again, for the
definitive summation of his greatness and. our need of him
today: “Humor is a gentle thing. That’s why it is so neces-

sary if our species is to survive.’

Finally

We were happy, last weekend, to find ourselves in an un-

accustomed. atmosphere of sociability and gaiety.

We were

surprised and pleased on Friday night to hear fiddlers in the
gym vying with a juke box in Denbigh. We were even more
surprised by the Harvard band on Saturday morning. We
were soothed by the combined harmony of Bryn Mawr and
Wesleyan Saturday night. We feel enlightened after a week-
end of square dancing, twisting, trombones, Bach, and coffee

hours.
Whew!



Mr. Berthoff Refutes Nash’s Policy,
Questions Conservative Political Role

by Warner Berthoff
Associate Professor of English

The pure expression of a doctrine
or creed, by someone for whom it is
a matter not just of academic curi-
osity but of passionate conviction and
who has come into his conviction by
way of a candidly admitted personal
experience, is always worth listen-
ing to. Perhaps in our colleges of
liberal arts we hear too little argu-
ment of this kind, in great matters.
It is not likely to negate, indeed it of-
ten barely touches, the informed and
objectively considered view, the round
view and the long view, as we call
them. —But_it does usually communi-
cate some fact of real life; some es-
sential fact, too, in the realm of opin-
ion and belief—though perhaps one
of a fairly low or elementary order
of existence.

_ The “conservatism” of Mr. Edward
Nash—whose street-corner-and-hust-
ings style of raising and answering
questions, and dealing with honest
doubters and hecklers alike, made for
a genuinely entertaining Current
Events session—has little to do with
responsible politics, i. e., with actual
' choices and acceptable possibilities in
public policy; that much is clear.
What he speaks for is a kind of. anti-
polities (which happens to be one of

the..traditional-vote-getting~ postures”

or counter-postures in democratic
electioneering). He doesn’t, literal-
ly, see. what is meant by politics, or
by the definition of man as a political
animal. Politics is a bad word for
him—and the professional politician
is, categorically, a bad man. The
noble art of mediating, in the inter-

est of Commonwealth, all the com- |



peting purposes and needs and rights
of all the factions, interest groups,
classes, privileged minorities and de-
prived minorities, which go to com-
pose the actual body of society and
make up its “concurrent ‘ majority”
(Calhoun’s phrase) ; the job of adjust-
ing society to the changes generated,
as it lives in history, by its own ca-
pacity for productive (or destructive)
action, and of maintaining: justice
within it; the work of looking after
that ‘general interest which all par-
ticipate in and profit from but no
man'is in a position to make strict-
ly and wholly his own—all this is an
excruscence, if not a fraud anda
conspiracy, to Mr. Nash, and consti-
tutes simply an unjustifiable interfer-
ence with individual freedom of ac-
tion,

For he does not, as he puts it, “be-
lieve in” factions, or classes, or in-
terest groups—or in commonwealth.
The sense of the res publica, the in-
tuition of community, has never yet
engaged. his mind. The whole history
of man’s political life on earth, in his
view, is the history of the struggle of
the individual against the state; the
actual, historic struggle between fac-
tions and classes for control of the
instrument of the state does not exist

for him. Therefore he can say with.

a clear conscience, and in a kind of

sensible amazement that respectable

citizens do not unconditionally agree
with him (“brainwashing” is his ex-

|plGnation), that the whole duty of

government is to leave individuals
alone, so that they may act in life as
they see fit, according to their per-
sonal fund of talent, ambition, and in-
dustry.

That is to say, he is an old- cab



é THE COLLEGE NEWS

FOUNDED IN 1914
Publisned weekly during the College Year (except during
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tion weeks) in the interest of Bryn Mawr College at the Ardmore

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~ The College News is fully protected by copyright.
in it may be reptinted wholly or in part without permission of the Editor-in-Chief.

Nothing that appears

EDITORIAL BOARD ©

Editor-in-Chist EAS EREDAR FEARS: Perel cle hanakenens Suzy Spain, ‘63
Gia e oss cbc ec en ces ev hice svecbieesee Janice Copen, ‘63
NIE UF ss cies cae bee Cabs cece tee caceuti's Ellen Rothenberg; ‘64
Ns i ods cn a aw Maken bee hick been eenss ive Sheila Bunker, ‘64
ENS ESE LOE PTT LE RTO E Brooks Robards, ‘64
Contributing Editors .............. ,+ Marion Coen, ‘62; Pixie Schieffelin, ‘62

ra Donovan, ‘62; Miranda Marvin, ‘63; Juli Kasius, ‘63; Charlene Sutin, ‘64;
~ Susan Weisbérg, ‘65; Barbara Tolpin, ‘65; Constance Rosenblum, ‘aos Gail

oe

. Cynthia Brown, ‘64; Judy Zinsser,

ee

‘64

. Alice. Longobardi, ‘63

Grom 6 Bay Masa, ‘63; Jane Kennison,
ieee 4 |







Lecture by Harlow

To Relate Monkey,
Mothers, Affection

by Pauline Dubkin

The relationship between mothers
and monkeys will be the topic under
discussion Thursday evening, No-
vember 9, when Harry F. Harlow
will lecture on the subject of “The
Nature -of: Maternal Affections in
Monkeye@t® «Sit... ow 8 “professor.
of psychology at the University of
Wisconsin and Director of the Wis-
consin Primate Laboratory.

Mr. Harlow has made extensive
studies on monkey behavior, learning
processes and abilities and habit for-
mation. His lecture this week will
be based on work done .in the area
of development of maternal love.

He presented his findings in this
area in the paper “The Development
of Affectional Responses in Infant
Monkeys,” written with R. R. Zim-
merman in 1958. In this. paper he
states his observations of newborn
and infant monkeys who were re-
moved from their mothers six to
twelve hours after birth and provided
with surrogate mothers. These ar-
tificial mothers were of two varieties:
the first made of soft material and
sponge rubber, the second of hard
wire. Either model was capable of
providing lactation from a bottle and
nipple, However, it was found that
the monkeys developed a greater de-
pendence on the softer mother, than
on the wire one. It was to the sponge
and cloth model that they turned
when alarmed, and, in her ‘absence,
they showed alarm and anxiety.



ioned, or primitive, economic liberal,
in remarkably pure solution. His
view of politics is the view of the
man on the make—the man who in
fact most nearly resembles the weird
“economic man” of laissez-faire the-
ory. He is, correlatively, an idolator
of individual success; and the con-
ception he is dedicated to is of a so-
ciety in which nothing at all inter-
feres with the free competition of in-
dividual freé agents, within the bare
letter of constitutional law, for its
material prizes.

On such a platform he will always
find supporters, but can have, of
course, no real future in politics—
which is rather a pity, from some
points of view. He is a man of prin-
ciples, and so far has stuck to his
principles with sufficient integrity
(though his terms for describing
them are Pickwickian, to say the
least, as in his persistently referring
to “capitalism,” which is a system of
economic management and enterprise,
as a form of government).* He amus-
ed his audience by remarking that
the only really honest debating oppon-
ents he had run into were the Social-
ists; they, too, stood on principles and
proposed no policy they didn’t believe
in as an article of faith. Well, if
Mr...Nash-..goes-on..sticking..to— his
principles, he stands about as much
chance of election to significant pub-
lic office as a Socialist. Which is not
to say, no chance—in recent. times
there. has been an occasional Socialist
mayor -in certain of our industrial
cities, chosen as an honest alterna-
tive by an electorate momentarily fed
up with machine politics, and there
may yet be a few “Conservative”
ones—though not in Mr, Nash’s own
New York City.,

But the ‘interesting question, with
so evidently capable and energetic a
young man, whose first taste of cam-
paigning has convinced him that his

’| principles represent some turn of the

tide or wave of the future, is this:
what will he do when he discovers
that he can’t get elected? Will he
trim? Will he adust principle to
need—i. e. become a politician? And
wil he then join forces with the one
kind of ‘political party, or sect, that
can afford to make room for him, | press



-|made. Has “liberalism” degenerated
to pa a on n a a For

anne ie aiid aie ake dew to hao as
ns. | attributed to its author. It was writ-

ser- 'ten bo a 62)

Wednesday, November 8, 1961



|
Letters to

StudentsF ind Picayunity
In S-G Exam, Rules

by Sue Weissberg

Monday evening, October 30, the
members of the freshman class took
the Self-Government examination.
The purpose of the exam—to make
certain that the freshmen know the
basic rules of the Self-Government
Association and are capable of living
under them—is scarcely nee
The means used in carrying out this
purpose, however, are debatable and
have been subject to some comment.

At the beginning of the school
year, the freshmen were told to study
the pages in the Self-Government
Constitution which state the rules.
In my dormitory, the basic rules were
made sufficiently clear for the fresh-
men to live under the day-by-day
regulations of Self-Gov. About a
week before the exam, each of us
freshmen had preparation sessions
with the hall permission-givers. We
found that, while the permission-giv-
ers certainly knew the basic rules
and principles of Self-Gov, they be-
came as confused as we did about
some. of the obscure details involved.
However, we were warned to know!
the rules “cold.” Many of us be-
came so involved in learning the pic-
ayune or “tricky” rules that we be-
gan to lose sight of the whole point
of Self-Gov. The fact that three or
more couples are needed for a party
at Applebee barn or that seniors can
drive cars on the day before Com-
mencement Day assumed equal im-
portance with the fact that all exam-
inations are unproctored or that
every student is on her honor to re-
port herself if she disobeys the rules.

The exam itself justified this kind
of detailed studying. It had a great
many questions and quite a, few that
perfectly law-abiding upperclassmen
would find difficult to answer. I was
particularly annéyed that we were
asked to state, in toto, the driving
rule—easily the most ambiguous and
confusing rule in the whole constitu-
tion!

We were also asked to answer three
essay questions. At first, I was stim-
ulated by these, but the presence of
three rather involved essays led me
to hasty generalization rather. than
careful thought.

I know there are many who will dis-
agree, but I feel that the Self-Gov
exam would be much more valuable
to freshmen if it were shortened and
simplified and if it revolved around
the truly important concepts of Self-
Gov. The basic rules should be learn-
ed thoroughly; the freshmen should
be made aware of the other rules and
taught where to find them if they
are needed. On this new, simplified
test, each freshman should be requir-
ed to get a nearly perfect score. Per-
haps, if this system were put into
effect we could have less senseless
“cramming” and more_ informed
awareness inthe area of Self-Gov.

Sue Weisberg
Class of 1965



Hisses, Boos of Bias

Disturb Letter Writer
To the Editor:

When I hear the hall announcer,
“Attention, Young Conservatives!”
greeted by hisses and boos in the
Rhoads dining room - - -, when I lis-
tent to derisive comments about the
proposed Villanova movie, Communist
Encirclement, made by people with
no knowledge of the film and no in-
tention of verifying their diatribes
by actually seeing it - - -, when I
so often hear virulent attacks on the
conservative position based on specu-
lation rather than positive knowledge,
I wonder at the nature of this pro-
posed liberalism at Bryn Mawr.

Historically, the term “liberal” was
once associated with freedom-to ex-

opinions on either side of the
alldoal fence. If this broad-mind-
edness has been lost, and freedom of
expression is now unilaterally direct-
ed, I think a grave error has been



~ | campus.



the Editor

vatism in politics is as old as this
nation, and stop considering it a
short-lived upstart on the Bryn Mawr
The convictions of heart-
felt conservatives have been long
and dearly held; if they have not been
heard so often. in the past, perhaps
this is because some of you made
this expression very difficult. Once
you have realized that conservatism
is a mature political idealogy, why

~ mot tole advantage of the well-s

ed conservative shelves in Room 220,
Rhoads South. This “inside” infor-
mation will give you a.fair basis for
an intelligent argument. Perhaps by
that time the conservative minority
will be respected in the conduct of
its business and the expression of its
ideas. Perhaps a real exchange of
ideas and criticism that is construc-
tive will face re-examination and
study by both parties to the discus-
sion, If this happy day ever comes,
it will be because we have dispensed
with the mere profession of liberal-
ism at Bryn Mawr and commenced
to its sincere practice.
Jan Smith



Alliance Program Seeks
Greater Faculty Interest

To the Editor:

I would like to express my grati-
tude to Mr. Berthoff for his atten-
dance at Current Events Monday
night. Mr. Berthoff’s presence shows
an interest in current affairs which,
aside from the continued loyalty of
our advisor, Dr. Wells, no other fac-
ulty member has shown this year. It
has always been incomprehensible to

‘me that no one among 150 members

of the faculty has shown interest in
or had time for one hour of lecture
and discussion. Current Events is
run for the students and directed to-
ward student interest—this is not de-
nied. However, current affairs do
not only affect students, but every
member of the so-called community.

Are the faculty so deeply entrench-
ed in academicia that they do not feel
any concern? Can it be that they
are unwilling to subject their views
to. outsiders?”

Mr. Wells and Mr. Berthoff de-
serve the applause of the entire stu-
dent body for cxresing their inter-
est in current affairs,

Linda Davis.
AC

Self-ExpressionEs: ntial
Say Two Upperclassmen

To the Editor:

Two rather talked-out upper class-
men now have only this to say re:
classroom conversations. The great
est part of what happens in this world \
(it seems to us) gets its start in
conference rooms, Congresses, meet-
ings (be they P.T.A. or Security
Council), or over teatables, martinis,
and coffee in the Deanery—in short,



+ | in conversation...And-_in.conversation..

which requires thought, logic, judg-
ment and tact, All of which are dif-:
ficult and occasionally lacking (c. f.
last week’s survey of classroom dis-
cussion). One might think, then,
and we do, that mastering the arts
of judgment and articulation could
well be included in an education for
effective living. And, say we, what .
better place for this training than
the classroom, where the issues in-
volved are simpler than peanut but-
ter vs. egg salad for a School lunch-
room and less earthshaking than in-
tervention vs. reconciliation in a for-
eign policy, but at the same time as
demanding of logical analysis as eith-
er of these. To discuss is to say
something, and to say something is
to commit oneself and, hopefully, to
think about the commitment. Both
of the last steps can be painful but; 7
never will they be safer than in an
academic community. If we daren’t
learn to talk in classrooms we'll nev-
er dare to learn, and without talking,
the chances are that our ideas (so
: Continued on Page 3, Col. 3

[Note: The letter printed in last
week’s News, headlined “Reader
States Necessity For Fallout Protec- .








,
Wednesday, November 8, 1961

”

THE COLLEGE NEWS

Page Three



Rome Resident Gives Opinions
Of Explosive Movie Scandal

by Geri Orleans

La Dolce Vita consists of a series |
of episodes which are linked by the
general theme and partly by the re-
currence of one particular newsman.
What this theme really entails is the
fact that so many events and habits
in our time are just facades behind
which there is no. faith, no real mo-
tive or belief. For instance, one of
the first scenes shows children who
attract crowds of religious or merely
curious people by saying that they
have visions of the Madonna, where-
as the camera shows us that they
are really only consummate actors,
instigated by their families who hope
to make a profit. The link between
the episodes is that of the journalists
who with their cameras and flashes

pry into every aspect of life, and be-
come the obsessive symbol of our
time,

I don’t intend to try and talk about
the movie itself—everybody can (or
cannot) appraise it for himself. In
Italy, most of the intellectual world
was enthusiastic about it, while the
great mass of the people thought
either that it was morally perverse,

. artistically dull, or biased against one

class of people. This situation gave
rise to a huge scandal, which was
quite amusing to watch, and which
provided the producer Fellini with
a costless nation-wide. publicity, on
account of which the best two movie
theatres in Rome have shown the
movie uninterruptedly, simultaneous-
ly, for over a year, and at the begin-
ning one had to stand for hours in a

~ queue in order to get tickets—at the

risk of catching the eye of s6me very
“proper” acquaintance, and thereby
lowering one’s reputation.

Vatican Involvement

The scandal was due to the fact
that, the Italian Government, being
under the direction of the Demo-
christian Party, has certain arrange-
ments for the censure of films, so
that a delegate from the Vatican
must give his approval to every movie |
that will get projected on the Italian
screens. La Dolce Vita passed the
test, for I hope that we all know
that in the upper levels of the Cath-

-olic Church’s hierarchy there are

liberally-minded intellectuals. But it
did not pass the test of public opin-
ion, and, since the Vatican had to
save its face it reversed its stand,
precipitating an issue which filled
many columns of the newspapers for
a long time; and finally I believe
that some scenes were very slightly
expurgated.

The defenders of La Dolce Vita
maintained that it is a work of art
and must be judged as such—which
was the opinion of the Vatican’s del-
egate, to the shock of innumerable
Italian matrons, whether from the

higher or the middle classes (the |

lower classes had no say for the
time being, since the entrance ticket
was much too expensive.) A more
reasonable attack on the movie was
that it gave the impression that the
atmosphere portrayed in it is charac-
teristic of the whole of high society
in Italy. At that time (two years
ago) I scoffed at this attack: it seem-
ed to me that it was obvious that
Fellini only meant to show the mean-
ingless, futile life of a certain type
of people, i. e. those who lead irregu-
lar lives, like movie actors and act-
resses, pseudo-intellectuals, desper-
ate \intellectuals, stray members of
high society, playboys and girls, as-
pirants to either high society or to
easily begotten wealth, etc. And I
thought that any reasonable person
would realize that this is only one
flashy group of unoccupied people.
Not only that, but I thought that in
Italy, with all the class and party
struggles, the movie might take on
other meanings. For instance the soc-
ialists might use it for propaganda,
whereas outside Italy there would be
no risk of such an interpretation, first
of all because in*places like France,
England and the U.S., people are
more informally outspoken about the



scandalous activities and attitudes
that are shown in Dolce Vita. They

are more apt to identify the group of
people involved with just the type
it represents, which I venture to call
‘ mopolitanism, since everywhere on
earth, in bigcities, I expect such
people exist.

Only now I find that people do ask
me whether society in Italy really is
like La Dolce Vita. Therefore
the Italians who worried about their
country’s reputation were probably
right.

Foss Declares Art
Arises From Faith,

Constructs Temple

Professor Martin Foss of the De-
partment of Philosophy at Haverford
College discussed the “Sources of Art
in Religious Experience” on Tuesday
night in the Common Room.

Dr. Foss defined religious experi-
ence as man’s communion with a
greater creative power. This power

may be a sinister, hostile demoniac
force or it may be a friendly, loving
protector. Man treats a hostile force
with fear and suspicion: he attempts
in some way to control that omni-
present demon. Man reacts to a
friendly force, however, with faith,
love and confidence.

Art, according to Foss, grows out
of these two religious experiences.
Primitive art, for example, reflects
the effort of the primitive to impose
a geometric pattern on a hostile en-
emy. It is a crusade against a chao-
tic universe. Mature art, however,
is a dynamic flowing toward a power
that we love. Each of these express-
es a dynamic emotional rhythm
which is the core of all art.

Our age shares the primitive out-
look. “Pictures,” according to Pi-
casso, “are weapons against the en-
emy.” We live in an era where men
fear and revolt against an absurd
hostile and meaningless Fate. Man
no longer creates great masterpieces
with the aid of a loving God.

Foss stated that the three elements |

essential to “mature art,” namely
melody, humor and tragedy, are lack-
ing in the modern outlook. Stravin-
ski illustrates the lack of melody. His
“every sound fights against-the next
—it defends its loneliness against the
sound before it and the sound after
—the longing for communication that
cannot be had”

There is no humor in our age. Rath-
er there is a sense of the grotesque.
Death, illness, insanity become ve-
hicles of “humor:” they are laughed
away. Mann’s The Magic Mountain
for.example, manifests this tendency.
Neither is real tragedy evident to-
day. Death of a Salesman lacks this
tragic element in that there is no

Continued on Page 4, Col. 3



SPECIAL COLLEGE RATES
$525 Gwareo a room)
98% 0 (2 toa “opel



The following are three of the
eight resolution passed this sum-
mer by the delegates to the
National Student Association
conference. Bryn Mawr voted in
favor of all the resolutions.

Soviet Testing

ACT:

On Friday, September 1, 1961, the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics broke
a 34-month moratorium on the testing
of nuclear weapons by exploding at Semi-
palatinsk in Central Asia a medium-power
nuclear bomb.

DECLARATION:

In view of widespread student disap-
proval of nuclear testing, in the United
States and throughout the world, the Na-
tional Executive Committee of the United
States National Student Association de-
nounces this resumption of tests by the
U.S.S.R. as an irresponsible act, defiant
of the best interests of the world and of
its future generation, and inimical to the
aspirations of students all over the world
for an effective agreement on the cessa-
tion of nuclear testing.

The NEC of the USNSA further urges
that the U. S. government refrain from
resuming its own nuclear tests, so long as
such a policy does not jeopardize the de-
terrent capabilities of the United States.

MANDATE:

The NEC mandates the National Affairs
Vice-President to send copies of this res-
olution to all suitable newspapers, press
services and to President Kennedy:

Cuba

PRINCIPLE:

Since their enunciation in the Cordoba
Manifesto, the principles of academic free-
dom and university autonomy have _in-
spired Latin American students. USNSA
has consistently supported Latin American
students in their struggle to attain such
principles in the face of repressive gov-
ernments.

USNSA has always maintained that a
free society with the right of non-violent
dissent and free dissemination of infor-
mation is a pre-requisite of academic free-
dom. USNSA realized that a free society
must be based on the acceptance of
its institutions by the members of that
society and that attainment of a free so-
ciety can be jeopardized by external in-
tervention.

DECLARATION:

Educational advancement involves cri-
tical appraisal of all materials presented
to the student, a process for which the
present literacy campaign makes no pro-
vision. USNSA consequently regrets the
emphasis on elements of indoctrination
in the teaching materials and methods
of this: campaign.

USNSA identifies with the desires of
the Cuban people for literacy and educa-
tional advancement. It commends the

Berlin

SPECIAL RESOLUTION: BERLIN
FACT ;

1) In the period from April 1, 1953, to
June 30, 1960, 161 students and profes-
sors were arrested for political reasons.
2) The 9th ISC noted, on the basis of the
RIC report on East Germany for 1960-61,
that the educational system of East Ger-
many: is “abused as a partisan, political
instrument for the promotion of the state
ideology.” 3) The Free University of
Belin was founded in West Berlin by stu-
dents and faculty who had attended or
taught at Humbolt University in the So-
viet Sector, but lived in all sectors of the
city. At present its studen body includes

students from. all part-of Germany. 5)
In August, 1961 the East German police
and army in the Soviet sector of’ Berlin
sealed the border between East and West
Berlin, preventing East Germans and resi-
dents of the Soviet sector of Berlin from
entering into West Berlin.

PRINCIPLE

USNSA, in accordance with its basic
policy declaration on totalitarianism, ‘“‘re-
affirms its belief in a free university in
a free society, and condemns all totalitar-
ian forms of government which prevent
the realization of academic freedom or
university autonomy and which seeks
through the|imposition of ideological loy-
alty to use educational and communica-
tive institutions for the maintenance and



NSA Deplores Bombs, Border

enforcement of a centralized dictatorial
regime.”

Further, USNSA believes that students
should be permitted to pursue their edu-
cation wherever they wish, and reaffirms
its belief in the right of free movement.
DECLARATION

USNSA condemns the border closing,
which would deny the freedom of uni-
versity access to the students of East
Germany.and in particular to the students
living in the Soviet sector of Berlin, who
have been guaranteed the freedom of
movement under previous four... power
agreements,

In particular, USNSA condemns the
closing of the border as a final act iti the
total control of East German students.
MANDATE

USNSA mandates the International Af-
fairs Vice President to forward immedi-
ately to the Soviet Commandant of Ber-
lin its vigorous protest against the clos-
ing of the border between East and West
Berlin as a infringement of the rights of
students and a violation of the four pow-
er status of Berlin. The International Af-
fairs Vice President is further mandated
to send the text of this resolution to the
Soviet Commandant in Berlin and the
Mayor of West Berlin.

He is also requested to transmit this
resolution to the chairman of the Student
Council of the Committee of Youth Organ-
izations of the USSR and to request him
to intercede with the proper authorities
on behalf of the students in East Germany
and East Berlin.





at 8:30

Admission, forty cents.

Music Room, 7:15



| Cuban_people_for_their_recent_advance—in
literacy and especially the Cuban students
who have contribluted to this advance.

USNSA deplores the violations by the
Cuban government of university autonomy
and of the academic rights of students
and faculty members. USNSA recognizes
that essential academic freedom is. re-
stricted within Cuba as a result of the
existence of a dictatorial form of govern-
ment. In accordance with USNSA’s prin-
ciples of academic freedom, university
autonomy and freedom of association, we
abhor repressive actions of governments.

A solution to the problem of academic
freedom and university autonomy can only
be reached by the Cuban people them-
selves. The attainment of a Cuban solu-
tion to these problems is jeopardized “at
such external interventions as the United
States’ government. involvement in the
Cuban refugee invasion of April, 1961
and the Soviet arms shipments to the
Cuban. government. USNSA therefore
condemns both these actions, while still
affirming our belief that the basic respon-
sibilty for the current lack of freedom in
Cuba rests with the Cuban government.
USNSA supports those Cuban students
who continue to struggle for academic
and personal freedom, university auto-
nomy and human dignity.

MANDATE:

The 14th National Student Congress
mandates the International Commission
to continue gathering and disseminating
information on the university situation in
Cuba; It further mandates the Interna-
tional Affairs Vice President, through con-
tact with all other national unions of stu-
dents in this hemisphere and Cuban exile
groups to obtain more information on the
Cuban student situation.

The 14th National Student Congress
further mandates the International Com-
mission to establish the Jose Antonio
Echevarria Scholarship Fund to provide
grants for Cuban students.

Letters

Continued from Page 2, Col. 5
carefully—and privately—nurtured)
-will never turn into action. What-
ever our other responsibilities to the
world qua students, our responsibil-
ity to turn ourselves into people who
can think and say what they think
seems to us self-evident.

Marion Coen
Pixie Schieffelin





Room, 8:30



Campus Events
Thursday, November 9—Spanish Club will meet in the Ely Room

Harry F. Harlow, Professor of Psychology at the University
of Wisconsin and Director of the Wisconsin Primate Labora-
tory, will give a 1902 Lecture on “The Nature of Maternal
Affection in Monkeys.” The lecture will be illustrated.
(Homo sapiens only.) Biology Lecture Room, 8:30

Friday, November 10—A concert will be given by the Bryn Mawr-
Haverford Orchestra under the direction of William Reese.
On the program will be a Vivaldi Concerto played by Barbara
Dancis and Stephen Kasser and a Paisiello Piano Concerto
played by David Hemmingway.

Saturday, November 11—The Athletic Association will present,
in conjunction with the Arts Council, the moves, “Tight
Little Island” and “The Little Kidnappers.” Goodhart; 8:30.

Sunday, November 12—Image of Man in the Gone World,” an
aspect of contemporary culture as seen through poets Gins-
berg and Ferlinghetti. Student Christian Mov’t. program,
Parish House, Church of the Redeemer; 3:45.Meeting for
Worship under the auspices of the Inter-faith Association,

Monday, November 13—Carl W. Blegen, Professor Emeritus,
Univeristy of Cincinnati, will give a Class of 1902 Lecture
on the “Excavations in the Palace of Nestor.” The lecture
wll be illustrated. Goodhart, 8:30.

Tuesday, November14— Fhe Religious-Conquest-of Secular
Forms,” the second in a series (SOURCES OF ART IN
RELIGION) of lectures sponsored by the Arts Council and
the Interfaith Association will be given by William Loerke,
Associate Professor of History of Art. Common Room, 8:30

Thursday, November 16—League program in the Common

Note: VENUS OBSERVED, Christopher Fry’s farce, will be pre-
sented next weekend by the Bryn Mawr College Theatre and
the Haverford Drama Club.
at 8:30 om Friday and 7:30 on Saturday. Roberts Hall,
Haverford. Tickets:,$1.00 and $1.50.

The performances will be given







MUSIC

Vaughan Williams’

THEATER

the Walnut.

at the Shubert.

house.
MOVIES

Theater.



In and Around Dhiladelphia

The Philadelphia Orchestra, coiliaaed by William Smith, will present
a concert of Cherubini, Tchaikovsky, Bartok and Ravel, November
10 at 2:00 and November 11 at 8:30 at the Academy of Music.
The Philadelphia Oratorio Choir, conducted by Earl Ness, will present
“Dona Nobis Pacem” November 12 at 8:00
at the First Baptist Church, 17th and Sansom Streets.

The Roger Wagner Chorale will present its first Philadelphia concert
November 9 at 8:30 at the Academy of Music,

Martin Lisan will give a Chopin recital November 10 at 8:30 at the
Ethical Society, 1906 Rittenhouse Square. -

New York Pro Musica, eleven vocal and instrumental artists, will per-
form Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque music November 12: at
8:30 at the YM/YWHA Auditorium, Broad and Pine Streets.

Daughter of Silence, the wna premiere of Morris L. West’s book;-
the story of a murder in Italy, stars Emlyn Williams, Rip Torn,
Irene Dailey and Janet Margolin at the Erlanger.

A Man for All Seasons, the Robert Bolt play dealing with the impri-
sonment of Sir Thomas More for his disapproval of Henry VIII’s
Divorce Act, stars ‘Paul Scofield, Leo McKern and George Rose at

Subways Are for Sleeping, a new musical about Manhattan, is playing

Anything Goes, Cole Porter’s musical comedy, will be presented by the
City Line Players November 10 and 11 at the Society Hill Play-

@

Romanoff & Juliet is playing at the Bryn Mawr Theater.
Yul Brynner and Deborah Kerr star in The King and I at the Suburban

Cinderfella and It Started in Naples, with Clark Gable and. Sophia
Loren, are “playing at the Ardmore Theater.

—_—e




RS

- re +

Page Four



Staff Proctifes. Discussed oot

Continued from Page 1, Col. 4~

asked to be promoted. There is no
racial discrimination in the filling of
jobs; maids often become typers and
stenographers, and a porter became
an electrician.

The maids and porters are em-
ployed for a job that includes living
at the college: This factor exists
because of the long timie span of
the work day and the difficulties that
might arise for commuters during
bad weather. The salaries are set
on the basis of residence at the col-
lege and taking of meals. All em-
ployees, whether they live here or
not, have a room; at the least it is



Nash Discussion |
Continued from Page 1, Col. 2

ed was Nash’s implication that some
form of natural harmony is arrived
at when free capitalistic enterprise is
allowed to follow its course. This
was criticized by reference to the
current situation in Rhodesia where
60,000 whites dominate 6 million
blacks. Is this situation to be al-
lowed to continue as is? Is there not
someone responsible to these down-
trodden masses?

Nash also objected to being forced
to save. One should he able to dis-
pose of his money as he wishes. At
this point a question was raised: how
about the “poor sucker” who chose
to put his money in the bank in
1929? Nash claimed that the de-
pression of 1929 was not the fault of
the banks; it was due to government
interference in the banking system.
But this doesn’t explain, as it was
pointed out, the depressions of 1837,
1878, 18938, etc.

When questioned about the New
York City colleges’ denying a forum
to William F. Buckley and Benjamin
J. Davis, Nash replied: ‘Would you
let Goebbels . . . or Hitler ... or
even Lucky Luciano speak in your
home?” A chorus of “Yeses” was
the response.

Mr. Nash is an advocate of laissez-
faire capitalism. He would have
been a 19th century Liberal. He is,
however, against monopolies, but he
doesn’t admit of government regula-
tion to prevent them. “Can you have

to bé used for the You? hove’ rest’
period. Constant improvement of
employee living conditions, especially
in view of fire precaution, has been
the objective of the administration ‘in
providing space for the staff.

After this discussion of the. pres-
ent system, the theme changed to
one of more student employment in
the halls. Denbigh was taken as a
model for this sort of plan. It was
the contention’ of various students
that such a system or even: a vaster
student work program would both
cut _ the costs of residence operations

and provide greater opportunities
for students to work and gain exper-
ience in non-intellectual ., endeavors
and create more possibilities for earn-
ing money or supplementing scholar-
ships. The money-making’ possibili-
ties occur only if the proposed sys-
tem were not to develop into a com-
pulsory work program such as exists
at present in several of the other
eastern women’s colleges.

The administration expressed con-
cern with the way things have devel-
oped around this and previous discus-
sions. It was said that many of the
Maids and Porters felt that their jobs
were in danger. It seems, however,
that the students interested in new
systems have no intention of dispos-
ing of the employees if their own
plans proceed beyond the discussion
stage but those students do recom-
mend no new hiring of personnel.
In answer to questions concerning
greater student work-cooperation in
the halls, Miss McBride stated that in
the future the school might have to
resort to either that or budget in-
erease. She does not support the
idea of a complete student-maintain-
ed hall because of results seen from
this in other schools. The system has
always proved to be more costly even
if students were not paid. The equip-
ment required in the kitchens and
dining rooms under such systems is
more expensive and there is a need
for more people in managerial capa-
cities to handle the platoons of stu-
dent helpers. Miss McBride said that
as paradoxical as this may seem, it
has proved true in comparison stud-
ies with other sister schools year
after year.





;

THE COLLEGE. NEWS

Wednesday, November 8, 1961:



_ Art and Religion
’ Continued from Page 3, Col. 4

perception. of a power greater than
man and no hint of deliverance.
‘Foss concluded by asking that one
go beneath the technical structural
surface level of art—one must go be-

‘yond the subjective, aesthetic experi-

ence to a profound level where ab-

{solute emotion—Faith and Love—is

to be found. ‘Thus does great ‘art
resolve the problem. of communica-
tion: it is “a temple under which men
come together and love each other,”

Non-Violence
Continued from’ Page 1, Col. 3

students in McComb decided to con-
duct a sit-in at the city’s Greyhound
Bus terminal. They were jailed for
a short time. Upon release, the

Negro high school denied re-entrance
to one of them, and, in sympathy
with her, 114 of the high school’s
other students also left,

From here, Charles MacDougald
continued the talk. A Negro himself,
he had been sent by the Non-Violent
Coordinating ‘Committee to conduct
the campaign to get the county’s
8,000 Negroes to register as voters.
He described the students’ demon-
strations and the several times that

‘the sheriff arrested him on charges of

“disturbing the peace.” In jail, he
was beaten by “interested white citi-
zens” and threatened with hanging
and castration.

Mr. MacDougald said, “An integra-
tionist’s life is not safe in Mississippi.
The most liberal of the citizens of
McComb are simply those who are
not willing to murder in order to
maintain racial segregation.”

Teaching in a_ makeshift high
school—“Non-Violent High”—which
the Negro community of McComb es-





Handkerchiefs Embroidered Linens
Trousseaux Bath Ensembles
Monograms Irish Damasks

WILSON BROS.
MAGASIN de LINGE
825 Lancaster Avenue, Bryn Mawr, Pa.
LAwrence 5-5802







a controlled, free economy?” he ask-
ed.

The final discussion centered around
the key question of morality. Some
consider as immoral the existence of
the millions of starving human be-
ings in the world today. Isn’t “some-
one” morally, responsible for their
welfare? Isn’t taat “someone” a
government—representing the peo-
ple? Nash, however,’ claims that
government intervention is immoral.
How do you reconcile the two posi-
tions?





TOWN HALL

FRI, NOV. 10, 8:30
MANNY RUBIN PRESENTS
BROAD & RACE STS.
Tickets: $1.95, $2.50, $3.00, $3.75
on sale at
*THE 2ND FRET .. . 1902 Sansom St.
*THE GILDED CAGE . . . 261 S. 21st St.
*PENN RECORDS . . . 173 Chestnut S¢.
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Manny Rubin Productions
1902 Sansom St.

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tablished for the students who had
left their regular_school in protest,
Mr. MacDougald said he observed
the “institutionalized ignorance” pro-
moted by the Mississippi, educational
system.

“The textbooks given to Negro stu-
dents,” he commented, “were design-
ed to condition Negroes to a sub-
servient role in the South. The bouks
talk of the civilizing effects of slave
owners on Negroes and of the bene-
fits which the South has received at

}the-hands- of the-Ku-Klux Klan. They

call the»Civil War ‘The War for
Southern Independence.’ ”

The situation in McComb, Mr. Mac-
Dougald went on, is nowhere near
settlement. The Negro students are
still protesting by staying out of
school and cannot return until they
officially renounce their support of
the sit-in movement. As a result of



the students’ protest, many of their
parents have lost their jobs. The
voter registration campaign’ is ‘pro-
ceeding but with considerable fear
on the part of: the Negro residents >f
the county.

Asked what he hopes to accom-
plish in McComb as a _ represen-
tative of the Non-Violent Co-or-
dinating Committee, Mr. MacDou-
gald said, “Our aim is to show Ne-
groes their power. They are in the
majority in many areas in the South.
They have the power as well as the
right to assert themselves and to
demand equality. In order to assert
themselves they have got to become
voters. Once they do, the whole po-
litical structure of the South will
change. It is this larger aim that we
have in mind when we urge Negroes
to take their place as citizens by
voting.”





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