J

I

UNF.28, t 973 I 2od

Dan Berrigan:
An Open Letter fo Political Prisoners

*

in the U.S.S.R.
Marty lezer:
Food and Far"m Report

Richard Chandler:
Everything About H¡tchh¡k¡ng

PEACE AND FREEDOM THRU NONVIOLENT A CTION

i

tl,

, !;:\ì".,..

,.:.

..dì,

ities in bèhavioral modification, Monttose
Wolf, hai,recently stated i¡ Psychology Today magazine, that if institutions turn to
behavior modiûcation, ". . .the inmate
should have the right to decide whether or
not he wants them (behavior modiñcation
procudures). He should be told èiactly what
the procedures are, what the goals are-as a
matter of fact, he should help .determine or
even completely determine the goals and ..'

ÑBilT

procedurçs."

Condilioning procedures have gfeat po-

tential. Lèt's not be guiþ of throwing out
the baby with the bath water.
-RAYMOND R. RICHARDSON, JR,
BEL AIR, MD.

Vol. lX, No. 19

June 28,'1973

.........4

Hitchhiking.

I aù glad to see that someone (Sandy
Adams, 6114113) w¡ote to counte¡ Karen
Messerjs ietter (5l2alß) Re vegetaåanism
as a moral & "natural" nutritional alternative. I had composed a letter refuting the

Richord Clnndler

.........8

Chenoweth Freed...
Bob Levering

An Open Letter to Political Prisoners
in the U.S.S.R
Fother Daniel Berrigan, S,J.
Food and Farm Report. .

basis of Ms. Messer's stand; but it was a little
lengthy aid technical. As a graduate student
in the life sciences, I can testify that her
sourçs of information are shakey. ..

.

TurnipsAnyone? ........

10

Morty Jezer

Sittin'ln.

.....11

'Changes........
Reviews.

.....12
.....13

Mike Abell
Gene Danlels/E.P.A. DOCU ME Rl CA/LNS

Cover by f ulie Maas

am preiently a federal prisoner in
Colorado and serving a G6 yeat sentence
for possessing 2ll0 of a gram of marijuana (a roach).

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WIN is publlshecl weekly except for thé first
two weei<s in January, 2nd w€ek in May, last 4
weoks ¡n August, and the last week in october

Oy tne Wl l.¡ ÞuOtisn¡ng Empire wlth the support
afe
oi the war Reslstcrs League. subscrlpt¡ons
S7.OO per year. Second class postage at New

'Vorx, Ñ.v. rooot. lnd¡v¡dual writers are re'
sponiiote for op¡nlons expfessed and accuracy
ot tacts given. Sorry-manuscr¡ptsbycannot.-bo.
a self-ad'
returneO unless accompanled
dressed stamped envelope. Pr¡nted ln U.S'A'

was ccinvicted

sentence

magazine because to have a successful ap
peal I need bread and legal aid and was hop
'ing that your readers would feel that my

in the federal cou¡t

in Tucson undei Title 21, United States
Code, subsection 844 (a) (a misdemeanor)
which provides as a PenaltY:
"Any þerson who violates this subsection shatl be sentenced to a term of imorisonment of not more than one year, a

iine of not more than $5,000, or both,' .
And yet, because of mY age (at the
time of conviction, 20 years) the court
felt I would beneût f¡om treatmént under
the federal Youth Corrections Act, Title

confusion òaused by statements of questionable verity.
It is my ponviction that all resources are
of a worth that cannot be Umited to the
economic sphere-and I believe that living
rystems have a special value. We are in a position whe¡e we mu$t take lives-either plant
or animal (or both)-to be able to live our.
selves. My problem is not so much a philoso-

for what ca¡ries a 1 year max',
and it would cut down the God power of
federal judges,
I am hoping you will prift this in your

I

I

/öo not object to Vegetarianiim'ånd þan
in that direction mysefi though man, like
some other primates, appears to be 9mrúvol¡rous, we probably do not need the quantities of meat we think we do. I do strongly
object-to fhe presentation of misinformation
'ur¿ seemi¡rgly authoritative way as an efrort
' to convirice others, So much new informa-tion pouls'in on us every-day that it is difr-'
cult to make decisions based on valid observations, much less to face the additional

cause is

.

"'

18, U.S.C., 5010(B).
I feel that I was discriminated against
because of my age and that the court denied me due process and fundamental fairness because I am subject to a period ofincarceration of four to six times longer than
I would be subjected to if sentenced under
the misdemeanor I was convicted of'
They justify my sentence with the words
of'. , . to escape from the physical and psych'
ological shocks and traumas attendant upon
sewing an ordinary penal seftence while obtaining the benefits of corrective treatment,
looking to rehabilit¿tion and social redemption and restoration. . ." Which is simply
bull shit and holds no water at all.
I am appealing mY case and if I win it
the court wouldn't be able to give þeople
of the ages of 19 to 22 a O-6 year indefinite

phy of plant-killing versus animal-killing in
terms of riroral superiodty, but rather the
development of a continuirig awareness of
my place in an integrated universe-a minute'
by-minutê gratitude and respect for my daily

justified.

money is donated to my cause please
mail it to Gerald A. Mueller, c/o Michele
Spatola,8409 E 3rd. St.' T\rscon, Arizona
857 10. Those qualified to aid me legally and
interested, contact me:

If

bread'

-GERALD A, MUELLER
FEDERAL PRTSON NO, 1883-156

:

;'^ilä%Hg:'äB.

I read with horror Sandy Adams' letter in
your June 14th issue. I note with bome
pleasure Sandy's natural prefe¡ence for non-

BOX NO. PMB 1000
ENGLEWOOD, COI.ORADO 801 10

meat productb.
Sandy clàims that some goats are

feel compelled to expr'ebs my intelest
and concern with your April l 2th issue'
The articles entitled "Behaiiör Modification
and Control" and "Mind Coitrol in the Priv
ons" were of great importanôe for two rea-

I

sons.

First, conditioning techniques rep-resent
a oowerful therapeutic tool and all of us
sh'ould be on guard against their misapplication. Used incorrectly they raise the specter
of 1984, but used properly they have taught
seve¡ly retarded children to lÙalk.
Seiond, I want to caution the readers of
WIN against the conclusion that behavioral
techniques are bad, which I felt the articles
seemed to imply. One of the leading author'

"our"

goats-one immediatly thinks of "our nigras"
ãs many southem "owners'l and others used
. to say. Shp further erroneously states that

,

the goats "give" milk, meat, fur' etc' The.
goati no more give these items than would
aslced her. Nor do they give
Sandy
these items any mole than the Maquis gave
theni to Hitle¡ or the Indochinese to Nixon
or to Johnson or to Kennedy. The goats &
other individu¿l animals a¡e murdered to
satisfy the Sandy's of the world just as the
Indochinese a¡e murdered to satisfy the Nix'
ons, Johnsons, & Kennedy's & the Eu-ropeans
of many nations we¡e to satisfy the-Hitlers.
No one, not a goat, Jew, Black, cow, Ben'
gali, Indochinese, ot anyone else "gives"

ifl

their flesh to anyone-we are speaking of
lands. Quite obviously the uæ of flesh b¡l t
victims & thoser¡who rtrurder them not of
humans is an economic.& enviornment4l
"givingl'. anthing.
anyone
form of suicide for humpnity. Further, the
Sandidiscussés the relative (to hèr mind) use of flesh by humans leads to the desire
merits o¡ demerits of daughtering plants or
for the use of more flesh by humans. Tlib '
animals-in fact the validity of the argúment
decision to kill an animal or have one killed
ofnonviglence is that it slauihters neither' '
for one's food quite easily leads td the decisbut instead seeks to act in a symbiotic fash'
ion to kill a Black or a student or an Indoion. Ideally one e4ts the part of the fallen
chinese or have bne killed for one's own (or
one
fuel
to
move
the
contains
fruit which
the State's) reasons. Conveisely the decision
. in order to best þermit one to perform the
not to kill & not to have killing done by othtask of moving the seeds cont¿ined in the
ers for food leads quite easily to the decision
fallen fruit. Thrls one acts in harmony &
not to kill thB Black, the student, the Indosymbio$i¡ with the TREE which produces
chinese & not to have them killed by others
the fruft & designates it by color upoh its
O¡rly on a mass basis of course can this
ripened state as d fruit ready to be eaten &
produce this new state of mind-but only
the seeds moved & thus planted by the moon a mass basis will humanity survivel
bile creature. We & othçr animals further
One more item of the age we ar€ working
brçath in the oxygen provido-d byimmo.blle
t'o change-in 1929 PCB (polychlo'¡inated '
creatures & they breath in the ca¡bon dioxbiphenyls) were invented. Used fo¡ many inide provided bl us & the other animals, One dustrial uses they soon found their wày into
neither needs to move mobile creatureS such
the erivironment & eventually. into the foo*d
as other animats. hor.to interact with their
chain, Like other environmental pollutants
breathing apparatus-obviously these mobile
& poison they are cumulative & accumulate
creatures are not helped by being eatenrather than ¿imlnistr ih anidrah, The usual day
whereas a fröit's being eaten provides a mothis works is that an animal will have many
bile c¡eature wjth the fuel to move the
times over the level of such a poison in its
SEEDS contained therein & thus to help the
flesh.than is present in thp foo-d.it eats; PCB
tree.. In no case do we recomTnend the
has been found'to cause sterility in mink at
slaughter of plants or of animals-in all cases
a 5 PPM (parts per million level) in the diet
we recsmmend working with nature ¡ather
of the mink (Lake Michþan Coho Salnon).
thân against it.
FDA researchers in testing grocery store shelf
Sandy's maintains that in certâin historsamples of ûsh, cheese, eggs, rnilk have found
ical inst¿nces eatins flesh has been-vital to
PCB's at levels up to 35 PPM in fish up to
..suà'ival. No one cãn dispute ihis & of couts" 27.8 PPM in milk. Recently (5/73) at the
no one cân dispute the fact that in certain
American Chemical Society it was disclosed
historic¿l instances eating human flesh has
'that DDî-already widespread in its environbeen vital io survival. What is at question is
mental presence becomes various chemicals
whether perpetuating these practices is vital
with the interaction of time & sunlight'&
to surviigl or if in fact these practices stemeventually becomes PCB. Quite obviouslÍ
ming as th'ey.do from conditions of economthe amounts of PCBs in foodstuffs of animals
íc scarcþ offoods in certaiî areas we pri.orþins will increase raþidly in the near future,
mateq have wande¡ed into through oür curiSteiility of these animals & of other ca¡niosity about this planet are at this point prac- vores including many foolish humans seems
tices which it is vital to terminate.
at hand. Is this path to extinòtion àvoidable?
lVe have on this planet billions of humans
Only through the use of a non-animal diot, '
_BOB PINKUS
:
21 3 to 3 I 4 of which a¡e starving. : whilç ih
WEST ORANCE, N.J
this land & simil¡ir hnds one flesh eater con'
sumes foods which if taken in terms of the
grains of usable.proteins (8-10 lbs.) fed to animals to produce the I lb. gotten back by the
human would'^(eed 8 to 10 humdns. Thus ...'í
MlKgl t_ov !o Elizabeth and Philip. It's
one carnivore in America, or Russia,
nice to sèe heferu$Exuals^"'eo¡re out" for a
,-LEAH FRITZ
France or England starves 10 othe¡.hrilnan' .: change.
beings in Nþeria o¡ India or mâny similar
NEW YORK, N.Y

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.

or ¡

THE QUEERWOLF
Th3 Queenwhite Mount¿ins are my home.
Hermaphroditic slalo.ms ol Vermont

I haunt

:

:'Br¡t.at nightfall queeiwolfishly I go
Down to the valleys, macho"green, below
And, leering sidle up to yummy youths
Arid catch their cocky eye and make my moves:
My paws, my claws, my fangs hiss SODOMY.
Oh dear, some fox has wised them up to me
HE MAKES HIS MOVES, they cry, HE'S ON THE
t scuttle to my mounta¡n top; and howl.
copyrtsht

@ rezr

-Eric

PROWL.!

Bentley
wtN

3

,

hitchhikin
toward people who hitchhike I
people who drive cars, and people who are cops.

This article

is directed

Richard Chandler
Richord Chandler has hitchhiked throuçihout most of
Americo os a way of getting tQ Peacemokers'gatherings
,
and other peoce movement events'

Hitchhiking is necessary as a means of travel basically
for economic and ecological reasons. ln order to maintain their huge profits, the car and oil companies must
continuously increase their already exhorbitant pr¡ces.
Thus more and more people cannot afford the costs of
private motor vehicle transportation. Moreover, those
companies are probably the most powerful force in
keeping free or cheap, adequate mass transportation

n"3riï?ä'åii'ñllll'",

may become a necessiry include car breakdowns, suspension or revocation of ,,
license, age or other requirements for drivers, and pris-

on breaks.
Where not a necessity, there are still many desirable
reasons for hitchhiking. They include all of those
just mentioned, plus i,t tends to be interesting and can
be fun. Drivers are often glad to have somebody to
talk to, to help drive, or to share expenses.
But as with any good thing, so it seems, there are
atso difficulties. People who solicit rides, or seem to
'be soliciting rides, have been known to do all kinds of
dastardly deeds, like rob, rape, or kill people, steal'
cars, steal dope, and slam doors. And "accidents"
have been directly or indirectly caused by people

standin$ in the wrong places. Common sense would
dictate that people try to hitch where there is room
to pull over and not too much traffic. Of course, that
is often very difficult, roads and traffic being what
they too often are.
It seems appropriate to say here that those "accidents" involve cars at least as directly as they involve
people on their feet, and that the cars are far more
responsible for injuries and deaths. lf two pedestrians
run into each other they are not likely to hurt each
other as badly as if one or both were driving. There
is too little human body contact in our,society anyway. Also, cars are involved in some way in most serious law vioiations; hitchhikers get their thumbs into
relatively few.
The greatest diffculties are experienced by hitch'

o
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6
o

ôo

hikers; not caused by us. I say "us" being a veteran
highway hopper myself, and will illustr4te some of
those diff culties shortly.
The greatest danger to most women hitchhikers is
men. Many men have been brought up to believe that
if a woman thumbs a ride she is asking to be fucked.

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This attitude is reflected in an incident i recently
heard of, in which one woman who, when found by a
Connecticut cop to be soliciting a ride (illegal in Ct.),
was busted for "soliciting." Furthermore, some men
will make sexual advances assuming that ê woman
who tells them to stop or resists is "j-ust playing the
. gânìe¡" that she "really only wants to get laid." lt
probably takes a firm and confident "NO!'" either
verbally or physicálly to stop such a péison. Others
consider women to be totally sub-human or have,overpowering sex drives, 'f n either of those caies, what a
women thinks or feels or says will not be considered.
I know or haVe heard of only a few women.ryho
while hitching have been raped or had attempts made.
Nevertheless, it is something that could happen at any
time, and must be a constant threat. I know one woman of exceptional courage who has tried and is still
trying to deal with this problem in a person-to-person,
nonviolenbmanner. I asked her to write about her
experiences for this article. lt was hard for her to do,
'
but she did it, and i quote here in full what she,wrote;

been talking obout trust shortly before so I was emo'
tignolly, physically or i4 any other way reolly unable
tò be prepored for this (sic). I foughî bock forawhile.
He was grunting and sweating and cursìng, trying to
get my clothes aff, all the while telting me thot women wonted to be roped. He told me thot if I didn't
cooperqte, he'd hurt me, so ogaÌn I went limp-not
tkinking til.loter he wos pretty ìntent on hurting me

onyv¿oy,
'continued

t

I

to tolk, about the violence he was committing, the hurt he wos cousíng ("1 don't wont to
hurt you"), the relation of sex to the creation of
children-which wss very reol os I use no contraceptiues-and generally obout the possibilities of a world,

of relationships between people w¡thout coercion,
force, fear, ond freely given love ond concern (which
does not alvwys include sex). He, too, quickly gove
up on a non-responsive body ond ogreed to toke me

boçk to the.road.Ìf I'd exploin more of what I'd beeit

saying. '

For me, as o femole, h¡tchh¡king olways corries the"
risk, the fear of being roped, And I think it's a very..
real feor, as crime stot¡stics ond too many male drivers statè that women who hitch olone qre asking for.
it, l've been raped twice now, hitching; qnd to heor
men moking those kind of statements makes fite incredibly ongry, ond sad.
The fìrst time, very young, very naive, believing
that the man driving two miles doWn a dirt rood reolly
needed to piss. ,I went limp, more or less unoble to I
respond in any other woy to whot was being done to
me. Not getting whot he wqnted in the woy of o cooperat¡ve portner, he diove me bsck ío the rood, kissed
me on the forehead, ond soid "Sorry for the stop,
God bless you." And I put ¡t out of mind ond went
on thumbing home,
Only o few months ago I was h¡tch¡ng qround St.
Louis. Not knowing the city, I believed thot after the
driver dropped off his friends in town, we were heoding bock to the interstote. lt wos o real shock to turn
off a fairly well-traveled roqd onto one olong the river
canql-with nothing and nobody around. I storted to
jump out of the car, but he stopped and ran oround
tq my side of the car and pushed me back inside. We'd
.

But he stzrted apologizing, and blaming his actìons
fìrst on his drinking wife dnd,crummy morriage; then
on his own state.of intoxic.otion; then on me for not
having talked hlm out'af it,,¡.n tjmg.: By. th.e t¡me he
got to theþtgþway he was wantinþ täe tb take him to
the patlcë stulion, tôb:e puniished. I refused, soying
if he knew he'd done wrong ond wouldn't do it again,
thdt was qll thlt wos needed. Especially with prisons
being what they are. So he asked me to come home
with, h¡m, to meet his wìfe ond 13 year olQ son. I
didnit know whether to believe him or not, whether
he had a home, o son or q wife, whether I wanted onything mqre to do with this person. He begged me,
"Please.forgìve me.. lilhat can I do; l,lhalõon I dó?"
All I could say wos "LOVE your son."
I got ant of the cor then, in the middle of the beltwoy's 5 o'clock traffic ond went on hitching, incredibly exhausted ond hurt. To think, to feel so acutely
the poin we humans c0use to eoch other still overwhelms me, and alwoys will. But I know of no better
reoson than to refuse to allow it. to pass any further
than me (sic).
The greatest danger to most of the rest of us is
cops. This would not hold true for people who hitch
only in certa¡n restricted localities. ln the U.S. there
seems to be widespread hostility toward and suspicion

obvious that someone does not have complete controt
of the car only after u are in it, u may vrant to get'out,
or sound off about the driver endangering both of

are reflected and intensified in the ways that cops treat us. Causes of
these att¡tudes include class or cultural differencessome people seem to be very susp¡c¡ous, contemptuous;
or resentful of anyone not conforming to their idea of
social norms. Also fear, which is probably mostly
caused by periodic overblown media accounts of any

of people who h¡tchhike, which

-

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your lives.
Aggressive, homosexually-inclined people occasion-

ally Ciuse problems, much the same as men
women, tho only a small fraction as often.
found being frank, if not blunt, about your

incident connecting hitchhiking to violence. And
many people simply do not want to bother helping
out a fellow human being when there is no visi'
ble reward in it. Then there is the h¡ghly prevalent at'
titude that "nobody should get a free ride."
Nobody is compelled to pick up a hitchhiker, yet
these attitudes persist and are reflectqd in laws that
often make soliciting rides diffic-ult, even dangerous'
The laws are very selectively enforced, and sometimes
cops will cause grief to hitchhikers beyond any exist'
ing law.
One problem is that u do not know what to expect

can.

In long-distance traveling there may be problems
finding a place to crash. One way of getting around
that is to travel continuously, catching sleep when u
can. Another is to carry sleeping gear with u. Often
people will offer to put u up overnight. ln the past
few years "switchboards," "hot linesr" and such have

This hãs included the killingrobbingraping of hitchhikers (e.g., crackdowns last year in Ct. and Mass.) as
well as åY hitchhikers.
I have not yet encountered th¡s situation, but drivers are sometimes legally penalized for stopping for or
letting off hitchhikers. Safety is the excuse mostly .
given for that, but the real reason probably lies mostly
in agents of The Law wanting to- show off their power'
Säme things one con expect from cops in general'
They will be ñrore suspicious at night than during daylighú hours. ln most states they are likely to do some'
tñine if they see a person hitching on a limited-access
hish"way. ialifornia undoubtedly has more hitchhikinf ttran any other state, but reLatively few people try
itón the freeways because California cops have a reputation for nailing anyone who does. (They haven't
nailed me yet!) Cops in a few states allow hitching
on superhighways; others tolerate it somewhat'

Alio,

u

õan expect some showing of power/a.uthori-

*uy-if lie'stops at all. Quite common
"lf i see u here again, u go to jail!"

ís

the threat,

Because of thè extraordinary power ranged against
us, we often find ourselves suffering. .But there is oft"n no alternative- Most hitchhikers learn to be defer'
ential to cops in a submissive way, thereby usually-

avoiding harsher treatment' but perhaps losing self-

.

esteem ãnd almost certainly reinforcing cops' attitudes
toward us in general. The situation can be so bad, in
fact, that sometimes we will spend money we cannot
afford for some other form of transportation, or not
eo somewhere at all.
There are other problems we face' lt is not unusual
to get a ride offer from someone who has been recent'

"

r

ly ãonsuming alcohol. U can refuse the offer, or take
your chancei. U might offer to drive. lf it becomes

I have
own feel-

ings about the actions'ofsuch people to be an ade'
quãte defense, tho it may not always be enough. One
guy i know was taken by surprise by a guy who picked
him up and let him stay overnight. He woke up to
find the guy on toP of him.
The simple problem of getting rides may loom large
or small depending mainly on your patience. Sometimes it seems as if nobody cares, especially if u have
been thru something like waiting all night in the rain
at a freeway intersection, or sitting in the summer
sun in Yuma for six hours watching cars go by, as I
have. That situation should be improved some by informing as many people as possible about the positive
aspects of h¡tchhiking, and could be improved a lot
more if the general pace of living were slowed. Each
of us can work on that by consciously savoring whatever we have at the moment and not worrying so
much about getting on to the next thing. We as hitch'
hikers can help to improve our own lot by making an
effort to be friendly and helpful in whatever ways we

with cops. Certain generalizations can be made, but
one rarely has a good idea of what to expect without
much experience in a particular locality, and even
then will not know for sure. Changes in laws or unofficial policies, the whims of a cop, the time of day,
"luck," and several other factors may dictate what
happens to a hitchhiker in the same locality at different times. Periodically, in almost any st¿te or big city,
a crackdown on hitchhik¡ng will be announced, almost
always the result of the extensive media coverage fol'
lowing incidents connecting hitchhiking with violence.

tarianism. A cop will almost invariably demand to see
i.d., grill u with questions, give u a ticket, search your
¡"tóñgings, or manifèst his policehood in some other

cause for

,

sprung up in many cities and larger towns. U can
look them up in a phone book, call, and usually end
up with a place to crash overnight,
Several things can be done to make hitchhiking
safer and pleasanter for all concerned. Free roadside
rests and shelters could be built, some for sleeping
overnight, others large enough to sit in and keep people dry, like shelters at bus stops in some cities. Pulloffs are needed to make stopping as safe as possible,
especially at maior highway intersections. Many people would prefer free or cheap public transportation
if it were available, but mostly it is not. All of these
things involve new or changed priorities for the trans'
portat¡on industry. Highways should be designed or
redesigned with hitchhikers as well as motor vehicles

in mind.

All laws and ordinances against hitchhiking should

be done away with. I feel that the best way to go
about that is to militantly disregard them and refuse
to support them, and to urge others to do the same.

Hitctitritcing "actions" (like anti'war "actions") would
to polarize thp issue. Next best is large numbers

serve

of people forcing répeal of those laws by legislative
acúon'or referendums. What will make the real differ-

ence is people not tolerating harassment.of hitchhikers.
When tñat happens, these insane laws will not stand
up.
Because hitchhikine laws are used by cops as leverage to question and idéntify peo-ple,.it is possible that
t¡Itctrtr¡ter registration or identification laws could be
passed. That is, hitchhiking could be legalìzed for
only those with the proper identification documents'

To me that is a frighlening possibility.

lt would work

toward thè.increasing sterilization of society, allowing
for greater impersonal control over individuals than
already exists, which is considerable. Thís subject
needs to be widely aired and discussed.
can be valuable and fun, and too little
.hasHitchhiking
been said about that. U can meet a tremendous .
variety of people either hitching or picking up people.
Sometimes valuable (not necessãrily lasting) friendships develop. lt is an excellent opportunity for communication and people helping each other. lf u are
involved in an alternatíve communiiy or function,
those who u meet on the road, whether driving or ,
hitching may be looking to plug in to exactly whatÅr
lave. And hitchhikers often need (and get) immediate
help like a place to crash overnight, extra food, or
even a temporary job.
Waiting for a ride can be pleasant rather than frustrating. Having a hitching partner can be great for
long waits, and is valuable anyway for friendship and
æcurity. Tho nothing beats another person, a dog
can be nice

too. A dog hbwever, will decrease your
lift in direct proportion to the

chances of getting a

dog's size. Musical instruments can make the time
Ucan caîry a harmonica in a shirt pocket and
play it with one hand while your other hand extends
its thumb. Your means of hitching can be varied. For
instance, reaching for the sky with your thumb when
a truck-trailer passes, or toward the ground for a small
sportscar. Signs can be colorful, with pictures, or with
òut-of-the-ordinary destinations. My stated destina-

fly.

tio-n

of "LOV.E"

a coupla years ago got eight of us a

.ride all at once for a coupla hundred miles. Some,times i will blow on my thumb a little and rub it for
luck. When my thumb has gottentired, on occasion
i have used my toe, tho with no special.success.
Finally, free and unlimited hitchhiking is not the
answer to all the world's ills. lt has limits itself, as it
depends on motor vehiclès (mostly), which canhot
proliferate forever. Other solutions, which include
public use of motor vehicles, greater reliance on walking and bicycling and a generally slowed lifepace, are
necessary. But for now hitchhiking must be considered as a right, because in this, the Age of Travel, travel is necessarily a right, and for many of us thêre is
often no other reasonable way to travel.

CONTACT
For Switchbooid listings write:
ROY HARPER, P,O. Box 255, Holmdel, N.J.07733
YOUTH EM E RGENCY I NTERNATIONA L, 1 423
Washington Ave. So., Mpls, MN 55404
H ITCH H I K E RS I NTE RNAT I ON A L, I 9 Wavecrest
Ave. no. 9, Venice, CA; phone (213) 399-RIDE

lf youtare interested in ø hitchhiking conference'in
September write: Richard Chondler, 6718 Persimmon
Tree Rd,, Bethesdo, MD 20034
For good generol hitchhiking information read:
Side of the-Road: A Hitchhiker's Guide to the U.S.,
by Ben Lobo and Sara Links, Simon &, Schuster
I

On March.6 of this year ln New York Fother Danlet Berrlgan met wlth a delegotion from the Soviet Peace Comm¡ttee
At tlte meeting Father Berrigan and o companion raised iwriety of questions'"on""rrlrg lnt pi¡gnt of poiltical prisoners

Chenoweth Freed
Treasure lsland, Calif., a five-man
court-martial board acquitted Pat Chenoweth, a22year-old Navy fireman, of "sabotage in time of war."
He was accused of dropping fwo "12" bolts and a paint
scraper into the reduction gears of an aircraft c4rrier,
the USS Ranger last July. That act resulted in nearly
a million dollars worth of damage and delayed the
ship's return to Metnam for 3/z months.
To this observer at the trial, it was hard to imagine
any other verdict. The Navy prosecutors had virtually
no "evidence"-just two witnesses who reported hearing Pat claim credit for the sabotage. No witness
claimed to have seen Pat throw the bolts into the gears.
The prosecution was,unable to establish when, within
a 10-day period, the bolts were thrown. There
was no physical evidence, such as fingerprints, which
linked Pat with rhe bolts. The defense established
that over 600 other sailors had access to the area of
the ship where the gears are located. Even the Navy's
star witness said that he thought Pa! was "joking"
when Pat made his comment aboutthe sabotage. That
star witness also stated in court that he did not believe
that Pat had done it. Finally, the defense showed that
many others on the ship had made similar boasts
about having sabotaged the ship, including the carrier's
Executive Qfficer!
Blatant as the frame-up may have appeared to an
outside observer, Pat Chenoweth is a lucky man. All
indications are that he would now be in the LeavenOn June 12th

aï.

worth brig serving time for the sabotage were it not
for the efforts of his'civilian attorney as well as the
publicity generated about his case by the Pat Chenoweth Defense Committee.
After picking Pat to be the scapegoat for the sabotage last July, the Navy moved swiftly to prosecute

him.

Pât was charged with "sabotage in time of

war"-

the first person so charged since World War ll-which
has a maximum penalty of 30 years in prison. Fortunately a couple of Pat's friends contacted Pacifìc Counseling Service in San Francisco. PCS accepted the case
and Eric Seitz was chosen to be Pat's lawyer. Eric began challenging the Navy on a variety of legal pointsparticularly its definition of "in time of war", considering that Congress had never declared war on Vietnam.

Frustrated in íts attempt to have Pat convicted in
efficient military fashion, the Navy attempted to have
the trial moved from Treasure lsland (near,San Fran'cisco) to Subic Bay, in the Philippines. Such a change
of location for a trial was unprecedented. Normally a
case is tried in a court near where the "crime" is alleged to have occurred. ln some cases, the defense is
granted a change of location because of unfavorable
publicity in a local area. The Navy's attempted transfer was a particularly ominous precedent for military
justice because it would have meant that the military
could move any controversial trial far from civilian
lawyers, the American press, and the public-to such
secure refuges as the Marcos "democracy."

After months of legal challenge in both military
and federal courts, the Navy's decision was upheld
and Pat was to be sent for trial in the Philippines.

,

in the Soviet Union, Afterward, Father Berrlgon expressed his reoction to the meetlng ¡ñ o leiteí oddrõssed tg p¡isoners tn
the Sovìet Union. Vlhat followi is on edited lercion of that letter.

Fortunately, the military judge who presided over the
original hearings was forced into ret¡rement "fôr medical reasonsl' (alcoholism), and a new Navy judÈe had
to be selected for the case. Because so many months
had ensued, the Navy's offcial reason for moving the
triál to the Ph¡llippines-to be near the Ranger, which
was off Vietnam-was no longer valid since the carrièr
was due back in the U.S. by late June or early July.
Thus the Navy was forced into holding the trial at
Treasure lsland with all of the publicity and attention
which that implied.
Why was the Navy so eager to make an example
out of Pat Chenoweth? lt should be remembered that
last July (1972), the U.S. was engaged in an all-out attempt to save Thieu's regime from the NLF's offensive.
With most U.S. ground troops out of Vietnam and
Thieu's own army proving to be unreliable at best, the
Nixon Administration escalated its savage bombing of
lndochina to unprecedented levels. For example, by
July there weie nearly three times as many carriers
operating off the coast of Vietnam as at any previous
point in the war. And the Navy was anxious to send
the Ranger-another floating airfìeld-to intensify the
attack.
It was not only because of its escalated war effort
that the Navy had to make a strong example out of
Chenoweth. Morale on the Ranger at that time was
low. The carrier had only recently returned from its
previous tour off Vietnam. During combat duty, conditions on the ship were atrocious for enlisted men.
The throwing of the bolts into the reduction gears
of the Ranger was by no means an isolated case. According to research done for the trial, there were 25
other separate instances of sabotage on the Ranger
during the summer and fall of 1972.
The Ranger was by no means unique. Other ships
were plagued by sabotage and unrest. A fire was set
on the USS Forrestal in early July which resulted in
$7.5 million worth of damage to the carrier's computers. Much more publicized was the racial brawl which
took place on the USS Kitty Hawk while the ship
sailed off the coast of Metnam. 46 men were injured
in the clash and23 sailors (allblack)were charged
with various offenses. Perhaps the most publicized incident of all was the sit-down of 123 sailors (mostly
black) on board the USS Constellation in San Diego
.

in November.
ln any event, the Navy was driven to make an example out of someone for the sabotage of the Ranger
in a desperate attempt to control the situation. Although Þat Chenoweth had to spend 10/z months in
the brig awaiting his vindication in court, the Navy
failed to make Pat that example. And the true saboteur, called by one of the Defense Committee workers the "real unsung hero of the Metnam war", is
probably still on the Ranger along with hundreds of
other potential saboteürs and "troublemakers."

-Bob Levering
After yeors of porticipating in movement ariir¡tÍet i,
Philodelphia and New York, Bob Levering now makes his
his home Ìn San Froncisco,

4^ fur^ loffwø êàniaØttrø¿t¿,s L" /ø*

1/55R

.l

Dear brothers and sisters, prisoners in the Soviet Union,
I bring you greetings from the peace Resistance
Community in the United States. And I wish to sha¡:e
with you a recent experience involving an unexpecfed
.¡neeting between a peace delegation from the Soviet
Union and an American friend and myself.
It was of some interest that they wished to see
someone like myself, and to exchânge with me. For
as you may know, who have suffered so much in your
own country, my brother and myself are not exactly
the most respectable people with whom to mingle!
Especially if, as in this case, an official stamp of approval lies upon the visiting party, granted by both governments.

ñeard, constantly reiterated'by the three memwith us for some two hours, words like
"peace", "unity", "amity and friendship", etc. I was
congratulated again and again for having withstood.
the American onslaught against the Vietnamese:people. However, at some point rather early in our exchart$e, a mysterious spiritual chemistry began tg
make itself felt, bubbling stubbornly to the surface'of
smiles and mutual congratulations.
I must be quite frank with you. I saíd to myself
am l, after the experience of prison, after the recent
release of my brother Philip, am I to declare, because
Brezhnev and Nixon have so declared, that we have 'i
no quarrel with the leadership of the Sov¡et Union?
Am I to play Yevtushenko on my own soil?
Or rather is it required to someone like myself,
who lives modestly and fearfully in his skin day after
day, and hears from all four horizons, the ominous
tolling of the bells of death and human destruction,
am I to tell of what I hear in my heart, and cannot in
all conscience deny upon my lips?
Like all genuine questions, this contained its own
answer. My fríend and I arrived armed (or rather disarmed) to the teeth wiûh documentation about yourselves. We brought the 27th Russian Chronìcle of
Current Events, a list and the biographies of 29 Ukranian political prisoners arrested in 1972, a copy of the
lan. 1973 issue of the Humanist with the Yesenin-Vofpin article, the book Ferment in the llkrqine, and a
pamphlet entitled "The Czechoslovakian Trials in
We

bers who met

the more than 15 thousand political prisonêrs of
every nationality in the Soviet Union, you who have
been transported to the concentration camps in the
utmost wastes of Mordovia. We know of your long
travail, your courage, and your patience and unbreãkable spirit. And we were determined to question your
masters, who had.dared to try to violate our conscience,
as well as yours.

It is not necessary to remind you of their method:
you have suffered through ¡t all, much more thä¡ our.

selves. For if the witneii of yoirr friends, who send us
word of you, can be trusted, it remains true that your
situation is among the cruelest in a so-called cívilized
world.

.
.

'

'1972."

We knew about your trials, especially the ones that
took place in 1972. We told them about you, Yuriy

Shukhevych, you who have already been imprisoned
since the age offifteen for 2Oyears, and who have received an additional 10 years. We told them about

you, Danylo Shumuk, Mykhaylo Osadchy, Oleksander
Serhiyenko, you who have been sentenced from 7 to
10 years of imprisonment each. We know of you who
dwell in psychiatric hospitals: General Petro Grigorenko, Victor Feinberg, Vladimir Borisov, Leonid
Plushch, Mykola Plakhotnyuk, and many others.
We know that you Pyotr Yakir, Vyacheslav Chornovil, lvan Dzyuba,lvan Svitlychny, and many others
are awaiting trial, and that many of you have been
waiting for over 14 months. We told them about you,

'

We have only begun to taste some semblance

of

'

the san¡e methods. For if the truth is told¡ the con.
duct and speech gf your emissaries is a kind of state
international stereotype. Among the apologists for
every system under the sun, there are only 50 or so
abstract words; words which never touch ground,
words uyhich are soulless and bloodless, words which
only express the ethical and intellectual bankruptcy
ofthose ulho grind them out so industriously.
We would like to say, my brother Philip and my
friends and l, that the viiit of your government's dele.
gation had at least one ironic fruit. lt kept us con.
scious of you. Such a visit, with the necessity of confronting its sombre and devalued mythology, sharpens
our edþe once'more. We lay the blades of our mind
against that whirring wheel, grinding out its semi-artic-

ulate sounds, and sparks fly. We learn again, we are
reminded again, of the meaningiof truth, of plain
speech, ofthat concrete regard for others which here
ahd in your country is so rare and yet so irreplaceable.
The Soviet visit really put lnto ¡¡oçiôn a kind of law

of opposites. Fcir it is even a kind of íronic gíft to
hear lies spoken with such su¡fdce plausibility. lt reminds us again of the preciöiis're"sidue oï;the.Írutb
which you a.re pfeserving at such cost, and which we

in our countiy must also preserve at whatever cost.
5o we thank the powers of the Soviet state which
in sending your opposite numbers, in a most strange
and authentic way sent yourselves. ln challenging
them, in rejecting their duplic¡ty, we were in effect
.. welcoming you, embracing you to our hearts, listening to your vision of the truth, which speaks across
all the milés with such splendor, veracity, and inwardness. ln sending the worst, they have really granted
us the best

of all.

What more to say? We wish to end your suffering
with all our hearts, as we wish an end to the suffering
of all prisoners across the world, whose continued enslavement represents the double price exacted for
goíng against the tide. lf the future is to be different,
and indeed we believe with all our hearts that ít will
be, that future will be because of you and those líke
you in every country, including our own. Please think
of us, as we do of you. We thank you, we honor you,
we ask to be named, across all differences and all distances, the brothers and sisters of your spirit.
Daniel Berrisan S,l.

i

l

FOOD&FRRM REPORT

i

;

i

i

u4
A notice posted at the local farm and feed store asks
farmers to write Secretary of Agricul'ture Earl Butz
and ask him to intervene in what is becoming a crisis
situation for farmers and thus for consumers. The
government's Crop and Weather Report (this one for
the week ending Friday, MCy a) describes the problem: Heavy rainfall lost week thot soturated fields
held corn plonting to o near stondstill in the Corn.
Belt. Progress wos made on plowing, but land preporotion continued to lgg, . . . Another dismal week of
downpours ond flooding sooked the South Centrol
states, holding cotton planting in the area to oround
13% compared with 47% last yeor. The need for dry
weather is becoming critlcal, , , , Only 10% of intended acreoge has been plonted to cotton in Mississippi,
compared with a normal 56% for this time of the
yeor, \nd, most serious, our most vital crop, soybeans-which is used as a major protein source and an
ingredient in plastics and other chemical products-is
way behind, with only a small number of acres planted so far and time running out.
What all this means is that feed-for which ¡nost of
our grain and corn is grown-is beioming.more and
more expensive for the farmer to buy. This cost will
be passed directly on to the consumer in the form of
higher meat and dairy prices. The problem is compounded by a crop failure within the fishing industry
of Peru which provides a basic source of proteinalong with U.S. grown soybeans-for the world.
Quoted prices for basic foodstuffs on the commodity exchange for May 8,'l973looked like this: trggs4616d a dozen, up from 28( a year ago, . , Steers$45.60 cwL choice, up from $34.75 a year qgo. . .
hard wheot Í2.51 bu., up from $1.55. . . soybeans
Í8.58 bu., up from $3.47. . . corn $1,97 bu., up from

and certainly this feeling will make one feel 'db'ctrinally rigid"-at least to a point-for if one remains un''
convinced of the rightness of the boycott¡ then the
object of the boycott will sense aweak ¡pgt and try .,

Bran $80.50 o ton, up from f47.50. . . and cottonf|90 o ton, up from 973, The soybean
price is at its highest ever and corn is at its highest
since 1952. And with a short harvest expected, especially in the corn belt where most of our soybeans
and feed corn is grown, the prices are expected to

seed meql

to exploit it. But surely Marty wouldn't ionsider a
boycott violent, or would he? During the meat boy-

coút, those meaipacking ùorkers who were laid off
certa¡nly considered their sacrifice irrational' if not
violent.- And they ate angly as hell at thôse of us who

continue to rise.
There is nothing we cån do about the weather (except, some say, repent of our sins), but the e¡tent of
the crisis is, to a degree, government made. USDA
policy for many years has been to encourage specialization in agriculture at the expense of the small diversified family farm. There was one economic drawback
to th.is system. The USDA could not p¡edict crop
expectations and the market fluctuated wildly, because farmers grew whatever they thought would
bring the best price at harvest. But now farmers are
geared to grow just one, or at most, two crops. lf one
specialized region is hit with bad weather, the nation's
supply of that commodity is severely decreased. Thui,
because we've wiped out market gardeners with subu.rban sprawl we now grow most of our onions in
Texas and when bad weather there wipes out the crop
there are no other onions. Corn and soybeans are
grown almost exclusively in the mid-West and when
floods hit, that crop is lost. Other regions, geared as
they are for their own special crops, canno\take up
the slack.
Another drawback of specialization is that cattle
arè no longer allowed to graze (we've too much livestock and this would lead to over-grazing and duststorms, etc.) but are sent to feedloìs where they are
fattened with various grains and where, also, the manure is often lost tò tho land, becomin! an ecological
prcblem due to nitrogen run-off. We solved part of
that.problem with chemical fertilizers but nitrogen is
produced with natural gas and, with the energy crisis
and all that, it is in short supply at a time when
farmers, having neglected to manure their land, need

s¡TTtfl'tfl

'

AN OCCASIONAL COLUMN ON NONVIOLENCE
800 word contributions are invited from readers'
Being somewhat of a newcomer to the peace move'

meni and being plagued by many doubts and fears

.;

it most.

Obviously, as a nation .we eat too much meat.
Most of our protein is grown as feed for livestock and
the amount we get in our meat is less than originally
produced at harvest from sun, seed and soil. (Francis
Moore Lappe's Diet for o Smoll Plqnef details this ar- |
gument in convincing fashion). Meaning: we'd do
better taking our protein from grains; which not only
would improve our diet but also release protein-now
tied up in hamburgers and other American luxuriesto help feed protein-poor people elsewhere in the

:

r

world. l'm not arguing for

a vegetarian

diet. Meat in

moderation is healthy and good and inspires us to
chew, which Gestaltians say, and I agree, is good for
psychic balance. But, Americans eat far too much
meat and in this may deny millions of people an adequate diet.
To repeat a plea made in previous farm articles,
consumers complaining about rising food costs ought
to stop condemning the farmer (though the USDA is
a proper target) and begin learning about the problems
of agriculture. Also. there are farmers and farm organizations who shaie consumer concernslnotably
the Farmworkers, various farm co-ops, the'National
Sharecroppers Fund, the Rodale organization, Lee
Fryer's Earth Foods , the National Farmers Organization (NFO) and, in Cbngress, Senator James Abourezk
of South Dakota. Until farrn prices drop, which may
not happen before farm policy is drastically overhauled, consider the lowly turnip, long a favored peas-

ants'food and good for both people and cows.

joined the boycott.
Or consider tax resistance. Again, to part¡cipate ¡n
that type of activity, given the near futility of it, one
must be utterly convinced at the rightnes's of one's ...
actions, or "doctrinally rigid." Or take fasting. lt
would seem to me the only violence one could commit in fasting would be to one's own body. But if the
faster is utùerly convinced of the rightness of his'act,
"doctrinally rigid," then he can sustain a long fast.
Surely thêre are many;who feel that Dicf, Gregory's *..
very lengthy fast has reached a point of ridiculous ab-"
surdity; they must wonder what he's trying to prove.
To someone like me, who shares his sense of rage and
frustration over the behavior of the U.S. Government,
Dick's fast is heroic and inspi¡ational.
I guess the st¡cky point for Marty is not really doc'
trinaire rigidness, but is instead the question of motivation-the feeling that one's actions are self-righteous
rather than selfless. As surely as a Dick Gregory or a
Dave Dellinger or a Barbara Deming or a Brad Lyttle
or a.Marty lezer can renew our faith in'ourselves and
'in
ouf pacifist ideals, just as surely can their acts of
nqrcooperation be seen as being self-righteous, since
they arise from a "doctrinally rigid" viewpoint.
These are problems with which I wrestle constantly.
Being a recent (1970) convert to pacifism, I often won
der if some of my more.zealous words and actions are
a result of that self-righteousness wþich seems always
' to accompany any conversion. And here I agree with
Marty that an act motivated by self-righteousness is
as violently destructive as the brutal react¡on it often
incurs. But, who is to say that an act is self-righteous?
' Was Martin LutherKing being self-righteous in Birminghain, ând thereforõ destiuctive,-when his acts in-'
vited Bull Connórvto rbtaliate with dogs and cattle
prods? Was he beiirg sèff:rlghteous in Ciôero, in Selma,
in Montgomery? Or úçre his actions so selfless as to
burn an indelible 'rm¡h,in.the le"Ub qt.Aryrericans, even
those who opposed him? Are the Bëfrigåhs being '
sêlfjiichieòus? ls Dan Ellsberg being self- iighteous?
lf we ponder these questions too lons and too
deeply, we may raise so many doubts in ourselves
that we are almost too paralyzed to do anything. I
know that my own weak fears and anxieties, coupled
with my doubts about my motivations-am l.truly
moved by the sÞit'it of Martin Luther King, or am I
just ahother obnoxious rebel?-have left me feeling
very-confused and unable to risk much of my self.
However, the actions öf those brave pacifists of whom
I have read in WIN have sustained me and given me a
momentum which has often enabled me tg rise above
my cowardice.
When an old hand like Marty Jezer raises the same
doubts I have, though, I sink back into my original
despair. ls there an answer to this very critical question of motivation, as seen from within and without,.
or must we simply go on doing what we feel must be
done and hope that in the end we were right? And
how do we confront those who fear us because of
what we are? How do we show them love without
sacrificing our own principles and without seeming to

I

abouitmy self and about what I cín contribute, I have,
ever since discovering WIN at the gieat Moratorium
rally in November, 1969, always relied upon WIN to
preient material which never has failed'to provide ¡e
with enlightenment and reassurance. But'I was puz-.
.zledby alemark Marty Jezer made in his "Síttin'ln"
in the May 17 issue.
artiCle
-ónoitr¡ng t håve lear-ned from WIN aboutmany
pacifists is that they seem to have an overÛhelming
iense of selfless dedication to pacifist goals, a dedicä: .,
tion so strohg that they are willing to face public ridi-.
'cule, humiliation, the pain of ostracism and the threat
iand realitv) of d'eath in order to convey the urgenó!
òf their meisage to other people. Their activities have
reflected their dedication to pacifism, and while they
may have bewildered, confused and angered many'of
thoie most desperately in need of their message, they
have also provided others with a feeling of inspiration
and reassurance-people like me who haven't the ,.'
courage these pacifists manifest, who are often fright'
en'ed ãnd timid ¡n the face of the brutal¡ty of the offiiial repression they exper¡ence in the conduct of
the¡r aci¡vities, and who will shrink'from many confrontations because of a fear of being iailed, beaten'
or killed. The examples of personal witness by the

,

.

staunchest advocates of nonviolence, those pacifists
whose lives are lived perpetually in a struggle to share
that spirit, or who are unwilling to acknowledge itthis is not'to say thatthey try toforce their lives on
others-have sustained weaker brothers and sisters,
like me, and moved us to ioin when we might have
timidly remained hidden and anonymous' to stay
.
when we might rather have run.
But Marty's remark puzzled me, when, in- discus-

of noncooperation, he sa.id, "lnstead of
beiig loving and.nonviolent I was self-righteous and
ãoiti¡natty"rigid. And far from appealing to their bet'

sing the tactic

ter selves, I wãs inviting their brutality' There are
many forms of violencõ, not all of them physical, and
I consider now that I was as violent in my passivity as
they were in their aggression." Marty doesn't propose

,.

an alternative to thàIactic of noncooperation-l sus'
pect he was as surorised at his remark as I was and is

mulling it over-büt t wonder if he understands how
truly confusinE that remark was.
Consider thã mildest form of noncooperation, the
boycott. Certainly one does not join in supportinga

J,

building the demonstration, people
camè from everywhere and left more
determined than ever to deepen the
struggle at this crucial time of crisis

o

I
I

VIEWs

for the government.

As.Barbara Webster, one of tlre key

organrzers of the People's Coalition

:o

for

P.ea-ce and J ustice action put it, ,,We
all feel pretty good aboui the áemon-

sõ

stration."

'õ

-MC

o

É.

d

z
I
6

o
th

o
o

I

AN E5
GAY ACTIVISTS CHALLENGE
DISCRIMINATION
The Gay Activist Alliance has sent a
warning to the operators of fifty night
clubs and bars in New York City stãting
that they will take legal action against any such places that prohibit customers

from dancing with members of the
same sex.

The warning pointed out a recent
decision by the New York Court of Ap,peals stating, "There is no sound reas-'
on to distinguish between the actions

of homosexuals and that of heterosexuals in respect to dancing." GAA added that su¿h a ban on dancers of the
same sex sould be a violation of the
city's administrative code which bars

discrimination o¡ the basis of sex.

... A sp-okesperson from GAA said)
"lt's a funny campaign in a way. Most

gay people still don't want to go to

straight bars, so the ghettoization is

encouraged by gays as well as straíghts.',

Nevertheless GAA will continue tJchallenge cabarets, public dance halls and
cateri ng establishments th roughout

the

city.

-LNS
..REMEMBER
OUR POIV'S"
_AGAI N !

That slogan, "Remember Our pOW's',
may start appearing on bumper stickers
all over agaín.
The Pentagon is now confirming
that at least two U.S. airmen are missing in Cambodia, and are presumed to
be still alive. After denying for several
12 WIN

.

says that final negotiations are undiir:'
way between Colonel Sänders and the
People.'s Republic of China. The chicken will be brought from China, fried
and dished up at a Colonel Sanders,

"

o

¿

-

A neighbor of ours has
rapping off and oq for a
couple of years now, about
ing a book iust on folks and their

-a
a

goes well for the Colonel,
- lf allPeking
famed
Duck may one day't4ke
a back seat to ',fihger licken'good'n

months that, American airmen might
have bedn captured, the Defense Óe-

partment admitted last week that an
Air Force F-4 Phantom jet went down
in April in an area controlled by Cambodian rebels: lts two crewmen are officially listed as "missing in action."
ln addition to these two men, Lao-,
tian radio reports and the Chinese
News Agency have both claimed that
an American major, whose name has
not been released, was captured in
Laos on May 7th. lf these reports are
true, it'would mean that possibly as
many ¿rs three American POW's have
been captured during the "Vietnam

-

,

-Zodiac

JUNE 16 DEMONSTRATTON
IN }VASHINGTON
The government didn't collapse. The
lndochina war didn't even end. But
the peace movement did demonstrate
that it is far from dead and intends,
despite break-ins, wire taps, sabotage
and other forms of repression and lntimidation, to keep pressing for an immediate end to the bombing, the reordering of domestic priorifies and, of
course) some m¡nimal level of honesty
and fairness in government.
Certainly the 2,500 people thar
marched from the Watergate to the
Justice Department in Washington on
June 1 6 appeared confident thãt these
goals are not only necessary but also

quite attainable. Despite the minimal
amount of organizing that went into

"

-Zodiac

LEGISLATION INTRODUCED
TO RE.INSTATE RHODESIAN
SANCTIONS

'

Rhodesia is a breakaway British col-

ony in southern Africa. 5% of its popu-

lation, which is.white, denies political
and human rights to 5% million Blacks.
\o-cqunt¡y in the world recogñizel

their legitimacy. ln 1968 the-United

Nations established mandatory sancj
tions against the white minority regime.
The U.S. Congress enacted the Byrd
Amendment in the fall of "l971to override the United Nations sanctions program. The U.S. has been imfortinþ
chrome, ferrochrome, nickel and other

strateg¡c materials from Rhodesia ever
since.

. On May 22,1973,

bills were intr:o-

duced in both houses of Congress to
re-instate United States compliance
with United Nations sanctions against
R

hodesia.

A coalition is working for the passof these bills by co-ordinating di-

age

rect lobbying efforts and local constituency initiatives to influence members
of Congress. Help is needed in this effort especially on the local level. Letters to Congressional representatives
and encouragement of local groups to
support this legislatíon are among actions planned.

For further information contact:
Washington Ofice on Africa, 1 10 Maryland Ave. N.E., Washington, DC 2OOO2.

-woA

taken ten-to-one odds that the place would surv¡ve ànother
w¡nter: and here they are, tripping merrily ipto théii'ffth

summer.

!

When I was there last, a year ago,for añother flying visit,
it t¡øs Home Comfort, with'ålmost every connotation of
the phrase I can imagine, and clear promise of all'the rest,
in good seasonl A houseful of pr,ima donnas, as Rtchard
says, both times; but that lattei time, it was also á real family, really at home, really in comfort.
ta
Actually, the effort is to recognize the stature gf a
portion of unimagíned existence, and to contri ve techniques

proper to its recording communication, analysis, and de-

fense. Móre essentially this is an independent inqu iry into
certain normal predi caments of human divinity
That was James Agee, explaining his t¿sk in the preface

to Let Us Now Proise Fomous Men; and so help me, it's also
a fair defi nition of the volume under discussion here. I
searched back through for a definitive quotation from them
bu t decided at last that I'd want to quoté at least 120 of
Íhe 329 pages, including at least 40 of the "more than 300
lustrations,and decorations.l'
It's a sumptuous, as well as véiy intimate, delicate, daz- Ii
zling hilarious, even usefú1, and thoroughly charming book.
I didn't believe, until .l saw it, that establishme'nt publishers
could produce such a beautiful thing, anymore. There are
lots of delectable reeipes, how-to-stuff like cheese-making,
g4rdeni4g, building a wheelbarrow; fairytales, poet'
dyeing -oriê
of the absolutely funniest pieces_ I've.read since
ry, and
gbd-knows-when, Bob describing how they dug the well.
Ellen, Marty,.Pete, Richard, and Verandah write at
length, frankly and very movingly, I thought, about how
and why they came to the farm; several others are also eloquent on the subject, in passing. They all try, with blazes
of truth and genius, to talk about what-it'is,
il

outlet being opened in Hong Kong.

chicken, even in Peking.

Peace."

of

Saturday Review Press, $8.95

Fried Chicken is invading China.'
Stuart Watson. the Prãsident of the
Kentucky_Fried Chicken Corporation,

o

l

an even dozén

friends&neighbors

It was bound to happen sooner or
later: Colonel Sanders' Kentucky

o

13 Total Loss Farmers

"with additional co ntributio¡rs by"

COL. SANDERS
INVADES CHINA

N

HOME COMFORT
Life on Total Loss Farm

two-thirds of a cont¡nent have since pievented r4e from .'
growing very close to any of the others; until this book
came in the mail. After lhat first visit, I wouldn't have

personalityyour stove can come to be; for my own part,
the first magical words I I earned to read,were embl azoned
across my grandmQther's oven

door:

"Ralomozoo, Direct

to You."
We now happen to have (-and be?) a U.S. Army Rångq;
the plate says 1942, but it's har.d to believe that ony army
was actually cooking on such a glorious dinosaur during
World War ll. Myguess is that some Civil Waí procuratorgeneral signed a standing order for so many dozen of them
per year, and no one ever got aroung to rescinding it. Becky
actually.thought at first, as Íve gróaningly squeezed it in .
through the kitchen doorway, that the U.S. Army was goi
ing to be too big; but we soon discovered that no stove is
evet'too big, eveh if you can bake 24 loaves of bread at
oncti (with the oven rack which we,þave not got), and heat
a bath, the laundry, and dishwashinf water, and also cook
supper, all at the same time.
Anyhow, Home Comfort's a ni ce,stove, a very nice stove
indeed, accordi ng to everyone we know who lives with one;
but surely, it's nowheres near big enough for ten-to-twenty
ravenous gourmets, most of whom dig c-ooking and baking
(cheese & spinach & mushroom strudels, yet!) ag Well as the
eating. This, for me, was o.ne great mysq_e-!:y the book never
attempted to solve: how they manage wíth one little Home

how-it.works , and why'; but-as suits both themselves and .
such quéstions perfectly-they never try too hard. By lt, I i
suppoie I mean nothing less than the dance thèù'rë dadcing,
the never-the-same-twice, incredibly fragile and intricate yet
somehow enduring relationship (is there really no less ugly
word for that in English?) that again, so lamely, we have to'

call "a family."
As Marty says, "We've gone babk to our Ìoots, disqovered the past, and inherited a future.'l And elsewhere:
'iThe þast fwo years have been so good that I often fear
somethins must be amiss in our lives; happiness isn't supposed to cóme,thistasy."

' lf rurtl of ihe'wiiting here-Marty's and Pete's espticial'
ly, to me-is..ririh and good beyond my ability to qùote or
you've
to
begun
wonder,
not,
a
in
case
book
-This
ii be, Vëî'àiù¿h's isinagical b.eyond d i scussab lë i m its
probably
dssc
and
written,
about wood stoves; merely one
best
enjoyed, oround a wood stove. And while much of iI is spe- :'foreither^prose or poetry. From her, then, a few |ait words:
" "Ñot to be spellbound by fossils, footfalls, vestigei'
cifically devoted to cooking and eating and growing good
echoes, or absences. The larder's full, and that's no metair- '
food, it's not about that, either. Tþe Home Comfort was
.
phor."
then;
(it
no
a
home
one
there, in the house
there to
wasn't
-Paul fohnsoii
give comfort to) when these dozen or so weird people (-invaded? . . . there is no right, all-encompassjng verb, so let
me quote from a chapter by Ronnie, one of the friends &
t've been trying to write a review of this book for over a
neighbors:)
". .. A letterfrom home said simply,'Rosie hassold the' month now. My biggest problem is that every tlme I sit
down to do it I start reading around in it, get to chuckling
house and a bunch of hippies are moving in.' "
at Bob's humor or stunnBd by Verandah's prose or Marty's
The place is in Vermont, and has had several names, but
the
label,
and before I know it-time's up-time to milk the goat or
print
it
looks
using
like
now, with two books in
something. So today I left the book at the house and
they're stuck with "Total Loss Farm" for a monicker. I
year,
came out here to get down a few words that will convey to
of
its
first
to see
first went there in the early spring
prospective readers the satisfaction and enioyment of havwhat Marty Jezer was up to. Marty was the only person
circumstance
to;
(still
and
ing Home Comfort around to read-and look ¿t.
there I'd been
am) very close
Comfort.

is

I

wtN

13

{
animals which give them milk, meat and eggs, and the land
which sprouts forth vegetables and fruits. These people
craved acommunion with nature, to feel in touch with the
earth and sought closeness with each other. Urbanization
and industrialization destroyed both community and nature.
Yet throughout the book, there is a gnawing feeling that
this type of .life is not opgn to many.
Because they have written so many books and articles
(sales from their six books help pay the mortgage), Total
Loss Farm has come to represent the communal movement
as a whole. lt is unfortunate because the experience seems

Like the commune whose members produced it, the sum
is greater than its parts-leaves you with the
warm glow of a good old cookstove in the dead of winter.
Lots of individuality too, in sp¡te of "no more me, no more
you". I wish the drawings were credited. After reading a
first piece I còuld tell, th¡s is Peter or Ellen. . . or whoever
talking. The pictures deserve as much.
As one of the oldest going (five years) "hippie farms",
Total Loss Farm can teach us plenty about getting it and
keeping it together-without A Leader or Organization or A
Lot of Money. The various members tell, each in his own
way, what life there is like fqr him. Put it all together and
the love they feel for each other and the farm is miraculous

of the book

¡

and evident-and didn't come easy.
I could have done without Richard's fairy tale/allegory
but not Ray's letters-from-away, or Ron's perfect'introdi.rctory piece, or anything else. The farm's own story is epic
enough without
-Rebecca Johnson

trimmin's,

D

¡

Today in the USA, there is a similar move toward retiring
to nature, fleeíng the responsibilities of modern civilization
and spending oneis life in calm.reflection. But today, it is
a

totally new condition of abundance and an end to scarcity

which allows young people to retire to the woods. For
every person who drops out to live in a log cabin with a
wood burning stove and a stream next to the back door,
therp are at least ten others who pledge that they will move
to the country someday. Moving to the country has come
to replace the American syndrome of l'm-going-to.buy-asailboat-and-gó-to-the-South-Seas. lt's the ten who plan to
someday move to the country who will buy and enjoy
HOME COMFORT: Life on Tolal Loss Farm.
HOME COMFORT is an idyllic, nostalgic collection of
short writings by each of the 25 or so people who live on a
commune in Vermpnt and their friends. The subjects range
from why I came here to how to dig a well; from fairy tales
to agriculture; from living with animals to how to can vegetables; from essays to how to make maple syrup. Unlike
most books about communes which reflect one person's
bias, HOME COMFORT is a wide ranging and rich collection of various people's experiences of what living on the
land is really about both in consciousness and in describing
the everyday tasks and chores of communal lifç. Although
the frustrations and anguish of communal life are hinted aq
the.book emphasizes the joy and fulfillment of people living
and sharing their lives together.
The vision of communal life on the farm is captivating
and makes you wish you could leave whatever it is you are
doing and go to live on a farm with no,responsibilities and
great feelings of sentimentality. There are t¿les of walking
underneath the trees, a moving story of a lost, dead pet and
fairy tales which remind one of past childhood bedtime
stories. The cows and pigs and chickens take on characters
of human proportion. At the same time, there are hints
that the residents los-t some of their sentimentality and,
grew toward a greatei maturity which was forced upon them
by the necessities of the cold Vermont winters, care of the
14 WtN

changes have happened between men and women. lt seems
women there have no consciousness of woments liberationflot as a political cult but in term's of a person's being aware

of his or her socialization in capitalist society. Such

talk abqut-or they simply haven't questioned it.
That other people are interested in sexual questions on
communes is seen as preverted. Richard writes that it is ih.
teresting to shock people Lìy telling them, "intracommunal
'
love life is as chaste as the driven snow. just falling outside
my western window". He says the truth is that they are
not sexually attractive to each other and are never loversr'
There are tight bonds based on work and domestication b'i¡t
for some reason no passion. Questions of couples, love and
passion are important for many today who seek answers in
this time of breakdown of the old values and the yet undefined new. This book passes over and summarily dismisses
the whole question of love and sex while try-ing ùo be honest
and upfront in its portrayal of communal
i
Although this book fails to develop consciousness or reveal a new form of social organization, it is worth reading
for those who hope to live in the country someday or who
are merely interested in communal living. lt is a well-designed book featuring the art work of Peter Gould and
Alicia Bay Laurel and ararely used typeset designed in
19'l 3 adds a nostalgic air. The stories of nature and animals,
reflections on the simple life and life on a farm, and the
reality of a close-knit communal group give ample insights
into why people choose this way of life. For anyone looking for a book to reveal the depths pf the struggles and experimentation of communal lifeTthat book has not yet
been
-Donald Monkerud

life,

'

,

written

I

1 @

Rd

'wtso

evêry

2sé

_

I

rrPEtGll

20i - $ 1.00
100 @ 10i - $10.00
500 @ 8i - $4o.ifo
1m0 @ 6l - $60.00
5@

lo words.

PRESIDE]IT

]ilr0ll

Non-denominational hymns f or rêligious

serv¡ces, words and music. Write pÈAcE

CREATIVITY, Route 1, Box 4, Tann*üilte,

N.Y. 12485
POSTCARDS. I'm s¡tk-screenlng postcards
1r9m my paper cuttings. Approx. st, x 7,',
prlnt-ed ¡n whlte on lovely papers. Wlll send
t*t$"%L,råid.," Ma rk-M o;ris, B ox 38,

Spread thewordl
Julirn White Advcrti¡ing ldcrr

Ë35,

YOUNG WOMAN-Femlnist/pac¡fi st se€ks
f¡nanclal support to attend cóllege and malntal,n a pollticaily active t¡festyte.-Ne€ds a
patron who could provide Þãrt or all of a
subsistance income, lApofox. tß2.OOO/vr.l
Wr¡te to: Denys Lailiîêr. szsg Westiírín¡åter
Pl., St. Louls, Mlssourt 631O9.
¿

cET pow's our oF u.s. pRrsoNs. Bum-í
per st¡cker-sond 50c (or $2.50 for 1oì to
cADRE, Box 9089r'Chicago, ilt. 6069-0:
P¡M, BOOKSTOR-E,, T2a Vail€io St.. San

Franclsco, CA 94133. Speciatlz¡ns fn Books

On! The Movement * Thlrd World.* Pot¡ti-.
cal Economy * Anthropolgy * Phllosophy *
Soclology * Psychology * Educatlon * Hlstory, €tc. Also Flctlon, Poetry, Oùama &
Art books, Books bought, solcf & tracled.
NO AMNESTY FOR NlXON stickers. 18" x
3", ppd.,5/$1, rOO/$r0, 1000/gso, pr¡ced
for organlzatlons or ¡ndlviduals,to resell as
high margln fundralser, NAFN Dept. A, 143
Arl¡ngton.Ave,, Kenslngton CA 94707.

a

change would also drasticallV ehange a man's self-corcþ''.
tion and identity; but tJrere is none of that revealed here.
The treatment of sex is either a cop out-it's too lÍard to '

'

PERCENTAGE OF SALES,TO W¡Ñ

'Frqc lf no
$ lnvolved but
ltmttod to 20 words. ottrergl

:

ln ancient China when a man grew old, he voluntarily
gave up his power and authority and went into the wildêrness.or a monastery to peacefully live out the balance of his
days. His action was good for it gave younger men a stake
in the ongoing society and insured continuity of genera',
tions. lt was good for the old men, for they could finally
escape the responsibility which had.laid so heavily on their
shoulders and calmly reflect back on their past lives and
prepare to die.

O

D

.

so closed-there is nothing in this book which makes an
ordinary person think they coutd organize their lives with a
group of people for the better.
Many of the people who live at Total Loss Farm,were in
the Movement and the New Left and had political consciousness of what was going down in the world. After living on
the land a few years, their political consciousness has degenerated into a child's fairy tale of introverted mysticismthey dig a ditch for the spring and "imagining we were
patch¡ng the Ho Chi Minh trailj'; the innocence of a woman
visitor is what "makes empires fall"; and they imagine that
"the state trembles in our absence". This consciousness is a
pretend game which only reflects the isolation and insulation one can achieve on a farm. This does not mean they
have to be out bombing police stations or carrying pícket
signs. One can be conscious of reality and have a strong to
gethei group and exert a cultural and political influence on
others ivhích will help ihe world-wide strugþldagains.t imperialism. We can be conscious and keep our powder dry and
spread the word to local backwoods towns and be a positive
influence for change.
This book pretends to be about changes this group of
people have gone through, but there is little hint of what

BUTTONS

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own

l

a

sti

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Magazine, Box 542,

I

&
Fneedom

ñifton,

THE SOCIALIST TRIBUNE ¡S for bUiIdiNS
a non-sectarian sociallst movoment. Thê
only requlrement f or jolnins us ¡s b€li€f ln
dernocracy. Send for a free sample copy.
1Ol2 North 3rd St., Sulte 317, Mitwaukee,

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EDITING, REVISION. REWRITING, frofn
somcbody who learned the HARD wáy-at
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Write to: Johnson, Sbmewhere ln N€w Mex:
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Fl'iåtif,l,.qti1l';![ggft',ï]ifËFr:i
wrN 15

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I

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EACH WEEK the problems we foce are mgre c,omqlex

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-Tlæ Village Voice

Subscribe now for a full yeor opd recieve free your
choice of ony one of theise'three vèry special back issues

lssues:':'

i

¡

VIETNAM DIARY-The diary of Sgt Bruce
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moving documents to come o'ttt of th¿ war.
MEDIA FBI PAPERS -The completè cottectlon ofthe political papers stolen from the
Medio Pa., FBI otrice.
BERRIGAN/HARRISBUR G: Phi I Berrlga n
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trial. Jim Forest examines the coìnpte,x.events
leading up to the triol.

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$4

2001 and beYond:
he next fifty Years
1973 marks the 50th anniVersary of the War Resisters League
and the first time in our history we have called a national conference on the West Coast. lt is appropriate that during our
conference we shall also observe another anniversary-that of
the destruction of Hiroshima and the beginning of the nuclear
age.

The Conference will include a look back at our roots, but will
focus on our future, on the place of pacifism in a world living
aeainst the backsround of'nuclear terror' lf the conference
häd n totto, it ùould be "Don't celebraie-organize!" And so,
while we meet in comradeship and ioy, our real concern is not
the decádes of strqggle behind us, but the opportunities that
'Iie ahead.

{silomar ¡ve'd*ifornla State. Park and Conference Grounds in
Pacific Grove, California, 120 miles South of San Franciscci.
Of ail of Laliiornia this is perhaps the most beautifuliþot,
with Carmel and Monterey only minutes away. (Montercy,'an
historic old fishing town, provided the basir of John Steiribeck's
Tortilla Ftat\. The Conference grounds has pine woods at its
back, and runs down to the sands of the Pacific. The weather- .
mild'year round-is also invigorating, so bring some warm
clothing.

Cost;

Name

.

Rates are $34 per person for the two days (afternoon

*

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and infants undet 2 years, $6.30 for the two days.

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;
,