1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Wharton Hall. Sproul Observatory. Hall Gymnasium. Parrish Hall. Servants* Dormitory. Tennis Courts. Beardsley Hall. Science Hall. Somerville Gymnasium. The Library. The Hall of Chemistry. Students* Observatory. The Benjamin West House. The Meeting House. Professors* Residences. *' Ulverstone.** the Presidents House. The Railroad Station. The Farm House. The Heating and Lighting Plant. Memorial Gateways. Water Tank. The Swimming Pools. Whittier House. Book and Key House. SWARTHMORE COLLEGE B u l l e t in CATALOGUE N U M BER F IF T Y -F IR ST Y E A R 1919-1920 FOUNDERS’ D A Y The Jubilee Million Dollar Endowment Fund General College Information SW ARTH M ORE, PEN N SYLVAN IA Printed for the College ' Vol. XVII. No. 2. Twelfth Month. 1919 Entered at the Post-Office at Swarthmore# Pa.%as second-class matter SW A R TH M O R E COLLEGE 1919-20 FO U N D ERS’ D A Y , 1919 The fiftieth anniversary of the opening o f the College was com­ memorated in the twelfth celebration o f Founders’ Day, October 25, 1919. F ifty years before, on the tenth of November, 1869, the opening of the College had been marked by the planting of two oak trees and by appropriate addresses in Parrish Hall. It seemed fitting, therefore, that that interesting event should be recalled by the College in its golden prime. Thanks to the Friends’ Intelligencer of November 20, 1869, which published a special supplement giving an excellent account of the opening of the College, and to a contemporary photograph of the ceremony of planting the oak trees, it was possible to re­ call the opening day with a fair degree of accuracy. A company of about thirty students, selected from the four undergraduate classes, devoted themselves with much enthusiasm to represent­ ing the appearance and words of those who participated promi­ nently on the original occasion. Friendly costumes of the olden time were kindly loaned by Friends ’ families in the borough, and the students who attempted to portray Lucretia Mott, Samuel Willits, Edward Parrish, Edward Magill, Hugh M cllvain and others of the founders, tried to look as well as to speak their respective parts in the program. Two of them, representing Lucretia Mott and her son, Thomas, performed the ceremony of planting two oak trees on the East Campus, near Somerville Hall, and near the site of the two trees which were planted on the opening day, but which unfortunately have disappeared with the building of Somerville Hall and the Sharpies Swimming Pool for girls. The heart of the messages contributed by the speakers in 1869 was then given by eight of the students, and served to recall in an impressive way the ideals, the labors, and the hopes o f the founders. Two other oak trees were then planted, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary itself, one in the Presidential and Guber3 4 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN natorial Row, the other near by. The first of these was planted by Susan J. Cunningham, the only surviving member o f the original faculty; by Charles M. Biddle, the Treasurer o f the College for many years; and by Governor William Cameron Sproul, of the Class o f 1891, who was unavoidably delayed in arriving, hut who came in time to complete the planting o f the tree and to attend the further exercises of the day. The other tree was planted by Isaac H. Clothier, the oldest member, in point of age and service, of the Board of Managers. These ceremonies on the East Campus were attended by the faculty, undergraduates o f the four classes, about one hundred and twenty-five prospective members of future classes' down to 1939, and a large company o f alumni and other friends of the College. The academic procession then moved to Parrish Hall, which was filled to overflowing, the men students standing in solid masses along the walls and in thè gallery. Robert M. Janney, President o f the Board of Managers, pre­ sided over the exercises in Parrish Hall, which included the sing­ ing of the class songs, the national anthem, and “ Alma Mater,” and the delivery of an address by Dr. Thomas E. Finegan, Super­ intendent of Public Instruction in the State of Pennsylvania. Dr. Finegan’s address outlined and illustrated in vigorous and vivid fashion the ideals of the founders of the Quaker Common­ wealth and the Quaker College o f Pennsylvania. These exercises were followed by à football game with the team representing Johns Hopkins University, and a tea in the Library given in honor of Dr. and Mrs. Finegan and attended by a hun­ dred or more teachers in neighboring schools. In the evening, Professor Paul M. Pearson delivered in Parrish Hall an instruc­ tive and stimulating lecture-recital, entitled “ W ho is Great?” The various events o f the day were photographed by news­ paper and professional cameras, and a moving-picture establish­ ment requested and received permission to take a series o f views for the benefit o f its many moving-picture patrons throughout the country. The Swarthmore Phoenix, also, with characteristic energy and efficiency, published a detailed account of the vari­ ous features of the day’s celebration. Hence it is hoped that 1919, in grateful appreciation o f the message of 1869 which was transmitted across the half century by pen and picture, has pro- THE JUBILEE MILLION DOLLAR ENDOWMENT FUND 5 vided as well as it could for passing its message on to 1969. Nearly a score of those present also at the opening ceremonies in 1869 attended the semi-centennial celebration in 1919, and signed their names in a hook provided for the purpose; and it is probable that many of those present on the latter occasion will attend the centennial celebration a half century hence, thus serv­ ing as living links in the golden chain that hinds the successive generations of Swarthmoreans together. THE JUBILEE M ILLION D O LLAB ENDOWMENT FUND I GENERAL PURPOSE The period from March 1st to June 7, 1920, has been set aside for the continuance and completion of the Swarthmore Jubilee Endowment Fund Campaign which was interrupted by the War. The total of the subscription at the time the work was suspended amounted to $525,000 for endowment purposes, and $100,000 for building purposes. This is still insufficient to procure the con­ ditional gift from the General Education. Board. Since a dollar purchases now not more than 47 cents purchased ten years ago, it is absolutely necessary in order to maintain Swarthmore on its pre-war basis, that at least $500,000 be yet secured for our Jubilee Endowment Fund. - An extension of time, owing to the interruption of the War, has been procured from the General Education Board. The College has already substantially raised the price of tuition and board to students, and income from this source cannot be sufficiently increased to meet the emergency without the danger of excluding a class of students needing the benefits and essential to the best interests of the College. The following reasons for the appeal are to be emphasized: 1. Increased requirements for the ordinary annual budget owing to the decrease in the value of the dollar and to the - corresponding increase in prices of all food supplies and necessities in operating the College. 2. The absolute necessity for increasing the salaries of the teaching staff. 6 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 3. The importance of Swarthmore’s future to the general community and the necessity of our maintaining our position among institutions of the first class. A particular appeal should be made on this‘ ground to substantiate the reason for the existence of the College. It should impress not only Swarthmore’s present friends but all responsible persons who appreciate the importance of perpetuating the traditions underlying the foundation o f the colony o f Pennsylvania. A n endeavor must be made to have the persons who have promised annual subscriptions for a three-year period to extend these f o i additional years, and also to increase the amounts where possible, and to procure many new subscriptions from persons who have not already responded. II FORM OF ORGANIZATION FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE CAMPAIGN The scores by classes of subscriptions by the Alumni will be carefully maintained and published. In order that a personal approach may be made ‘to all possible contributors, and in view of the necessity of extending the appeal beyond the alumni body, the committee for the completion of the campaign will be organized geographically. The former com­ mittees o f the Board o f Managers and Alumni have been merged into a single Campaign Committee which has been appointed jointly by the Board of Managers and by the Executive Com­ mittee of the Alumni Association. There will be the following i (1) T he E ndowment Committee, consisting of representative Alumni and friends of the College, divided into geographical districts. The members of this committee will meet simultaneously at weekly luncheons on a specified day each week during the months of March, April and May, 1920, in Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore, Atlantic City, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Birmingham, Alabama, and London, where they will learn the latest returns from other divisions, and will telegraph at that time to the head­ quarters of the committee the results of their own week’s work. THE JUBILEE MILLION DOLLAR ENDOWMENT FUND 7 Names and addresses of possible subscribers within a district will be furnished to each district chairman, and will be apportioned among the members o f the committee for that district. (2) T he E xecutive Committee, composed of the officers of the Endowment Committee and the chairmen of the Geographical divisions. The duties of the Executive Committee will be to direct the general policy of the work, to have charge of the publicity and administrative work of the campaign, and to approach persons most likely to make large contributions. (3) T he A dvisory Committee, composed o f friends of the College of long standing who, although furnishing advice, may not be able to work actively in the campaign. Ill PUBLICITY In addition to newspaper publicity, personal interviews, tele­ phone, conversations and letters, a series of bulletins will be issued, possibly in connection with the Phoenix, but to be circulated over a large mailing list, which will treat among other subjects, the following: (1) A general bulletin on the requirements and purpose of the campaign. (2) A bulletin of guidance as to the amount expected from each contributor, based upon incomes, property, or length of time since graduation. (3) A bulletin graphically illustrating increases of costs and a comparison of professors’ incomes with incomes of laborers and other classes o f workers. (4) A bulletin showing the deductions from taxable incomes made possible by gifts to Swarthmore under the Hollis amend­ ment. (5) A bulletin showing the amount which each Alumnus has received from the College as determined by the difference be­ tween the tuition fee which he paid and the actual cost of his edu­ cation, with compound interest to date. In addition to these methods, graphic placards and charts will 8 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN be prepared and displayed at athletic games and gatherings of Alumni. There will also be prepared a separate booklet of instruc­ tions to be issued to canvassers for the fund. Swarthmore’s critical needs must be sounded during the months o f the campaign before all meetings where her friends come together, no matter what the occasion. She not only has the right to be heard, but her real friends are anxious to learn the exact condition o f her affairs. They will hold us responsible if the standard of the College falls because of any failure on our part to bring the need to their attention. To accomplish this, a bureau of speakers will be maintained which will supply speakers for different meetings held while the campaign is under way. L SW ARTH M O RE COLLEGE CATALOGUE F IF T Y -F IR ST Y E A R 1919-1920 SESSION DAYS OF COLLEGE IN BOLD-FACE TYPE 1920 s M 4 11 18 25 s 5 12 19 26 M 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 S M January T W T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28 29 April w T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28 29 T F 2 9 16 23 30 M 2 9 16 23 s 3 10 17 24 31 s 1 8 15 22 29 s 3 10 17 24 s M T 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 -s 1 8 15 22 29 August M T W T 2 3 4 5 9 10 11 12 16 17 18 19 23 •24 25 26 30 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 2 9 16 23 30 W T F 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 s 3 10 17 24 31 T F S 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 October s 3 10 17 24 31 M 4 11 18 25 T W 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 T W T F 3 10 17 24 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 s 7 14 21 28 S M 7 14 21 28 T W T F S 45 11 12 18 19 25 26 6 13 20 27 W T F S 2 9 16 23 30 34 10 11 17 18 24 25 5 12 19 26 June 6 13 20 27 s 1 8 15 22 29 F T 5 12 19 26 W 1 2 3 8 9 10 15 16 17 22 23 24 29 30 31 May F July X March February 7 14 21 28 F 6 13 20 27 November s M T W T 1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 28 29 30 S M 6 13 20 27 T 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 s 7 14 21 28 September s M T w T F 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 2è 29 30 s 6 13 20 27 December s M T w T 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 29 30 F 5 12 19 26 s 4 11 18 25 F 3 10 17 24 31 s 4 11 18 25 1921 January s M T W T F s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 s 6 13 20 27 February T w T M 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 14 15 16 17 21 22 23 24 28 April S M T w 3 4 10 11 17 18 24 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 T F S 2 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 9 16 23 30 s 1 8 15 22 29 M 2 9 16 23 30 May w T 3 4 5 10 11 12 17 18 19 24 25 26 31 T 10 March F 4 11 18 25 s 5 12 19 26 S M T W T F S 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 S M T W X F S 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 4 11 18 25 June F 6 13 20 27 s 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 COLLEGE C A LE N D A R 1920 First Month 6 ..............................College Work resumes at 8.00 a. m. First Month 2 6 ........................... Registration and Enrollment in Classes for the Second Semester, 9 a . m. to 12 m. First Month 26............................ Mid-year Examinations begin at 2 p. m. Second Month 3 .......................... First Semester ends. Second Month 4 .......................... Second Semester begins. Third Month 9 ............................ Meeting of Board of Managers. Third Month 19.......................... College Work ends at 4.00 p . m. for the Spring Recess. Third Month 30...........................College Work resumes at 8.00 a. m. Fifth Month 25........................... Final Examinations begin. Sixth Month 2 ............................Final Examinations end. Sixth Month 4 ............................. Meeting of Board of Managers. Sixth Month 4 ............................. Class Day. Sixth Month 5 ............................ Alumni Day. Sixth Month 6 .............................Baccalaureate Day. Sixth Month 7 .............................Commencement. Sixth Month 8 to Ninth Month 20. Summer Recess. Ninth Month 20..........................Examinations for Admission. Ninth Month 2 1 . . : .................... Examinations for Admission. Ninth Month 21.......................... Matriculation, Registration and Enrollment in Classes. Ninth Month 22.............. ........... Examinations for Admission. Ninth Month 22.......................... College Work begins at 8.00 a. m. Tenth Month 5 ............................Meeting of Board of Managers. Tenth Month 30.......................... Founders’ Day. Class Work suspended for the day. Eleventh Month 24..................... College Work ends at 1.00 p . m. for the Thanksgiving Recess. Eleventh Month 29......... ?.......... College Work resumes at 8.00 a . m. Twelfth Month'7 ......................... Annual Meeting of Corporation. Twelfth Month 17....................... College Work ends at 4.00 p. m. for the Christmas Recess. 1921 First Month 4 ..............................College Work resumes at 8.00 a. m. First Month 3 1 .......................... Registration and Enrollment in Classes 9 a . m. to 12. M. First Month 31............................ Mid-year Examinations begin at 2 p. m. Second Month 2 ......................... First Semester Ends. Second Month 3 ...................... Second Semester begins. Second Month 22........................College Work suspended for the day. Third Month 8 .........................:. Meeting of Board of Managers. Third Month 25 . ....................................... College Work ends at 4.00 p . m. for the Spring Recess. v Fourth Month 5 .......................... College Work resumes at 8.00 a . m. Fifth Month 31............................Final Examinations begin. Sixth Month 8 ............................. Final Examinations end. Sixth Month 10........... ................ Meeting of Board of Managers. Sixth Month 10........................... Class Day. Sjxth Month 11........................... Alumni Day. Sixth Month 12........................... Baccalaureate Day. Sixth Month 13.................... . Commencement. 11 TA B LE OF CONTENTS PAGE F ounders ’ D a y , 1919.................................................................................. .. 3 T he Jubilee M illion D ollar E ndowment F u n d ......... ■............................ 5 M ap and G eneral V ie w op the C ollege G r o unds . .F ronting T itle L unar C alendar , 1920-21........................................................................................ 10 C ollege C alendar , 1920-21............................................................................... 11 , T he B oard C ommittees op M an ag er s ........................................................................................ 14 B oar d ...................................................................................... 15 op the T he F a c u l t y .............................................................. 16 •Administrative Officers................................................................ 18 SwARTHMORE COLLEGE! Location and Foundation.......................... 19 Buildings and Grounds....................................................... 20 Social L ife........................................................................................................ 24 Religious L ife.......................................................... 24 Students’ Societies.................................................. 25 , College Publications........................................................ Libraries and Reading Room s................................. 26 ............................. . The Museum of Biology and Geology........................................................... 26 27 E x p e n s e s ....................................................................................... 30 F ellowships 33 and R equirements Scholarships ...................................................... for A dm ission : Examination for Admission...................................................... ...................' . . 39 College Entrance Examination Board............................................................ 39 Admission by Certificate............... 40 Entrance Requirements......................................................................................■ 41 Advanced Standing........................ R equirements for 43 G r ad u atio n ................................. Quality Points..................................................... 44 45 Extra or Less Hours................................................................................................45 Prescribed Studies.................................................................................. 46 Major Subject................................................................................... '......... ......... 47 Elective Studies............................................. ......... ................. ............... .. •■• 47 Uniform Curriculum for the Freshman Year in the Courses in Arts— 49 The Courses of Study in Applied Science.................................................... 49 Irregular Courses ofJStudy................................ . . . . : .............-........... .. 12 50 13 TABLÉ OP CONTENTS Requirements for G raduation — Continued: page Uniform Curriculum for the Freshman and Sophomore Years in Applied Science............................................................................................... Course Advisers......... 1 50 ............................................................. 52 Extra Work Done Outside of Classes.................................................... Summer School W o rk ............................................................................................ Removal of Conditions......................................................................................... 52 52 52 System of Grades.................................................. 53 Exemption from Examinations........................................................................ 53 Absences from Examination............................................................................. 54 Absences from Classes.......................... 54 D egrees : Bachelor of A rts....................................................................................................... 56 Master of A rts......................................................................................... Engineering Degrees............................................................................................... Departments and C ourses of 56 57 I nstruction : English................................................................................................. Public Speaking..................................................................................................... Public Speaking Contests and Prizes............................................................ French and Spanish................................................................................................ German Language and Literature................................................................... Greek and Latin.................................................................................................... History and International Relations................................................................ Political S c i e n c e ................................................................................... Economics...................................................................................... History of Religion and Philosophy................................................................. Psychology and Education................................................................ 59 61 62 63 67 70 74 76 78 80 82 Fine Arts . ..................................................................... Biology................................ 86 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering........................................................... 89 Chemical Engineering............................................................................................ 91 Engineering— Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical........................................ 93 Mathematics and Astronomy....................................................... Physics...................................................................................................................... 116 Physical Education.............................................................................................. 117 Physical Education of the M e n ....................................................................... 118 Physical Education of the W om en ................................................................. 119 R egister of Students , 1919-20............................................................................. 121 Summary of Students H olders of F ellowships , 1893-1919................................................................... 131 D egrees C onferred C ommittee on b y in St a t e s ......................................................................... 130 1919.................................................................................... 138 T r u s t s ................................................................................................. 141 Ill BOARD OF M ANAGERS R obert M. Jann ey , President, 911 Pennsylvania Building, Philadelphia. W ilson M. P owell , Vice President, 7 Wall Street, New York. H etty L ippincott M iller , Secretary, Riverton, N. J. C harles M. B iddle, Treasurer, 513 Commerce Street, Philadelphia. Term expires Twelfth Month, 1920 E mma C. B ancroft , Wilmington, Del. C harles F. Jenkins , West Washington Square, Philadelphia. H arriett C o x M cD owell , 310 Kenmore Place, Brooklyn, N. Y . A bigail F otjlke Pim , 205 Elm Avenue, Swarthmore, Pa. R obert H. W alker , 914 Fidelity Building, Baltimore, Md. T. Stockton M atthews , German and Calvert Streets, Baltimore, M ary L ippincott G riscom, 314 E. Central Avenue, Moorestown, E. P usey Passmore, 925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Md. N J Term expires Twelfth Month, 1921 Joanna W harton L ippincott. 1712 Spruce Street, Philadelphia. H oward C ooper Johnson , 1211 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. R owland C omly , 1431 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. H etty L ippincott M iller , Riverton, N . J. E lsie P almer B rown , 1622 Twenty-ninth St., N. W., Washington, .H enr y C. T urner , 244 Madison Avenue, New York. D aniel U nderhill , Jr ., 26 Court Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. E sther H. C ornell , 43 Willow Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Term expires Twelfth Month, 1922 I saac H. C lothier , 801 Market Street, Philadelphia. E mma M cI lvain C ooper, 715 Cooper Street, Camden, N . J. R ebecca C. L ongstreth , Haverford, Pa. • W illiam C. S proul, Chester, Pa. C aroline H. W orth , Coatesville, Pa. R obert P yle , West Grove, Pa. Joseph Sw a in , Swarthmore, Pa. E dward B. T emple ; Swarthmore, Pa. Term expires Twelfth Month, 1923 E dward M artin , M.D., 1506 Locust Street, Philadelphia. R obert M. Jann ey , 911 Pennsylvania Building, Philadelphia. W ilson M. P ow ell , 130 E Seventieth Street, New York. W illiam W. C ocks, Westbury, Long Island, N. Y. L ucy B iddle L e w is , Lansdowne, Pa. P hilip M. S harples , West Chester, Pa. M ary H ibbard T hatcher , Swarthmore, Pa. M ary W harton M endelson , 159 W . 74th Street, New York. 14 D. C. CO M M ITTEES OF TH E BOARD The President is ex Officio a Member of Every Committee Executive • H oward C ooper Johnson , I saac H. C lothier , Emma M cI lvain C ooper, R ebecca C. L ongstreth , Joanna W . L ippincott, Emma C. B ancroft, W illiam C. S proul, Caroline H. W orth , • W ilson M . P owell , L ucy B iddle L ew is , Philip M . Sharples , H enry C. T urner , M ary L ippincott G riscom, M ary W harton M endelson , E dward B. T emple , E. P usey P assmore . Finance and Audit R owland C omly , Chairman W ilson M . P owell , E dward B. T emple . Instruction L ucy B iddle L ew is , Chairman, R ebecca C. L ongstreth , W ilson M . P owell , H arriett C o x M cD owell , ’ R obert Pyle , . H etty L ippincott M iller , M ary H ibbard T hatcher , H enry C. T urner , E sther H. C ornell , M ary W harton M endelson . Building and Property Philip M . Sharples , Chairman, H oward C ooper Johnson , Emma M cI lvain C ooper, C aroline H. W orth , R owland C omly , C harles F. Jenkins , R obert P y l e . Trusts Charles F. Jenkins , Chairman, Joseph Sw a in , I saac H. C lothier , T . Stockton M atthews , H oward C ooper Johnson , Philip M . Sharples , E. P usey P assmore. Library D aniel U nderhill , Jr ., Chairman, W illiam W . C ocks , Charles F. Jenkin s , L ucy B iddle L e w is , H arriett C o x M cD owell , E lsie Palmer B ro w n , R obert H . W alker . Household E mma C. B ancroft, Chairman, C aroline H . W orth , Emma M cI lvain C ooper, A bigail F oulke P im , Joanna W . L ippincott , H etty L ippincott M iller , M ary H ibberd T hatcher . 15 TH E F A C U LTY J oseph Sw a in , LL.D., President o f the College,..................................................... ‘ ‘ XJlverstone, ’ ’ College Campus J ohn A nth ony M iller, Ph.D., Vice-President o f the College and Professor o f Mathematics and Astronom y,. . Cunningham House, College Campus W illiam A lbert A lexander, A.B ., Dean, ................................................................... Benjamin West House, College Campus E dna H arriet R ichards, A.M ., Dean d f Women and Instructor in Ger­ man,................................................................. Parrish Hall, College Campus E lizabeth P owell B ond, A.M ., Hon., Dean Emeritus, ........................................ 6300 Greene Street, Germantown, Philadelphia W illiam H yde A ppleton, Ph.D., Hon., Emeritus Professor o f the Greelc Language and Literature,. . The Colonial, 11th and Spruce Sts., Phila. Su san J. Cunningham , SeD., Hon., Emeritus Professor o f Mathematics and Astronom y, ......................... 107 N . Thirty-fourth Street, Philadelphia George A rthur H oadley, Sc.D., Emeritus Professor o f Physics, .................... 518 Walnut Lane Spencer T rotter, M.D., Professor o f B iology, ........................................................ f ‘ Pennyscroft, ’ ’ Cheyney, Pa. W illiam I saac H ull, Ph.D., Isaac H . Clothier Professor o f History and International Eelations,......................... ............................ 504 Walnut Lane J esse H erman H olmes , Ph.D., Professor o f the History o f Beligion and Philosophy,............................................... 5 Whittier Place, College Campus I sabelle B ronk, Ph.D., Susan W. Lippincott Professor o f the French Lan­ guage and Literature and Secretary o f the F a cu lty,. ............................... 317 N . Chester Road Gellert A lleman , Ph.D., Professor o f Chemistry,............................................... 8 Whittier Place, College Campus George F rederick B lessing , Ph.D., 7. V. Williamson Professor o f Mechan­ ical Engineering, ..................................6 Whittier Place, College Campus H arold Clarke Goddard, Ph.D., Alexander Griswold Cummins Professor of English, ............................................... 3 Whittier Place, College Campus Robert Clarkson B rooks, Ph.D., Joseph Wharton Professor o f Political Science, .................. .............................................. ................. 104 Cornell Avenue H enrietta J osephine M eeteer, Ph.D., Professor o f Greek and L a tin ,._____ 315 Cedar Avenue Clara P rice N ewport, Ph.D., Professor o f the German Language and Lit­ erature,............................................................................ 239 Haverford Avenue T homas K lingenberg U rdahl, Ph.D., Professor o f Economics, ...................... 5417 Walnut Street, Philadelphia Charles H enry F isher , A .M ., Acting Professor o f Education,.................... West Chester, Pa. J ohn R ussell H ayes , LL.B ., Librarian,..................................517 Elm Avenue L ew is F ussell , Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f Electrical Engineering,......... .. Riverview and Baltimore Avenues 16 THE FACULTY 17 Boss W alter M arriott, Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f Mathematics,.............. 213 Lafayette Avenue Samoel Copeland P almer , Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f B iology, ................ Ogden Avenue and Walnut Lane Henry J ermain M aude Creighton, D.S c., Assistant Professor o f Chem­ istry,. . .................................................................................318 Harvard Avenue Ethel H ampson B rewster, Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f Greek and Latin, ............................... .......................... 1.......................... 409 College Avenue Philip M arshall H icks , A .M ., Assistant Professor o f Public Speak­ in g, ..................................................................................... 318 N . Chester Road John H im es P itm an , A.M ., Assistant Professor o f Mathematics and Astronomy , . . .*................................................................. 317 N . Chester Road Charles Garrett T hatcher , M .E., Assistant Professor o f Mechanical En­ gineering, ..................................................... ....................307 Lafayette Avenue L ander M ac Clintock , Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f FrerCch,......................... Cedar Lane and Swarthmore Avenue Eugene L e Roy M ercer, M.D., Assistant Professor o f Physical Education,.. . Benjamin West House W inthrop R. W right, Ph.D., Assistant Professor o f Physics, ............................. 4 Whittier Place Ernest C. W hite , C. E., Assistant Professor o f Civil Engineering, .................. 202 Dartmouth Avenue Boy P etran L ingle, Litt.B., Acting Assistant Professor o f English,........... 2253 N . 53d Street, Philadelphia Helen Collins Culin , A.B ., Director o f Physical Education o f the Women,......... ............................................................................. 1 Whittier Place Paul M artin P earson, Litt.D., Lecturer in Public Speaking,.................... 516 Walnut Lane Mary R. L ew is , M.D., Lecturer in H ygiene ......... 46 N . 40th St., Philadelphia R aymond M orse H errick, A.M ., Instructor in English,.................................. 318 N , Chester Road E sther E lizabeth B aldwin , A .M ., Instructor in English, ............................. West Chester, Pa. K ate W . T ibbals, Ph.D., Instructor in English, ................409 College Avenue Edith D. D avison , Instructor in Foods and Cookery, .......................................... 515 W . 122d Street, New York City Allen I . M yers , A.B ., Instructor in Chemistry,........... 114 Cornell Avenue Claude C. S m ith , A.B ., Instructor in Law , .................... Walnut and Hillborn E. Shannon B radfield, A.B ., Instructor in Engineering,.................................. 35 E. 4th Street, Media Mercedes C. I ribas , Assistant in Spanish,...................................... Cynwyd, Pa. Elizabeth L anning , Assistant in Physical Education o f the Women, .............. 1 Whittier Place Margaret E lgar P owell , A.B ., Assistant in Astronomy and Mathe­ matics, .................................................................................................Parrish Hall Elizabeth N eumann F rorer, A.B ., Assistant in Mathematics,.................... I sabelle B riggs M yers , A.B ., Assistant in Economics , . . . . Woolman School A D M IN ISTR A TIV E OFFICERS J oseph S w a in , M.S., LL.D., President. J ohn A nth ony * M iller, Ph.D., Vice-President. W illiam A lbert A lexander, A.B ., Dean. E dna H arriet Richards, A .M ., Dean of Women. J ohn R ussell H ayes , A.B., HL.B., Librarian. . H arriet E. W orrell, Secretary to the President. Chester Roberts, Superintendent. E lla M icshener, Assistant to the Dean of Women. J ulia R. Y oung, A.B., Secretary to the Dean. E lizabeth N eum ann F rorer, A.B ., Assistant in Dean’s A lice W . Sw a yn e , Assistant Librarian. A nn e C. B rierly, Dietitian. Caroline A ugusta L ukens , B .L., Matron of Parrish H a n n a h T urner Y ardley, Matron of Wharton Sail. M ary E. Cook, Director o f the Laundry. E lizabeth R edheffer H irst, Bookkeeper. F lorence B . B arrett, Nurse. E lsie M. H oisington, Stenographer to the Dean. 18 Office. Sail Center. SWARTHMORE COLLEGE LOCATION AND FOUNDATION The Borough of Swarthmore is situated southwest of Phila­ delphia on the Central Division of the Philadelphia, Baltimore, and "Washington Railroad. It is eleven miles from Broad Street Station, with which it is connected by eighteen inbound and twenty-two outbound trains daily, the running time of which varies from nineteen minutes on express schedule to thirty-six minutes On the local schedule. Three trolley lines, running cars at twenty- and thirty-minute intervals, also connect with Phila­ delphia elevated and surface lines. The college buildings and campus occupy a commanding posi­ tion upon a hill not far from the center of the town. The view includes several miles o f the Delaware River, the nearest point of which is about four miles distant. The college property com­ prises over two hundred acres of ground, including a large tract of woodland and the beautiful rocky valley of Crum Creek. The College was founded in 1864 through the efforts of mem­ bers o f the Religious Society of Friends, for the purpose of securing to the youth of the Society an opportunity for higher educational training under the guarded supervision and care of those of their own religious faith. Other applicants are ad­ mitted upon the same terms as Friends, and nothing of a sec­ tarian character exists in the instruction or in the management of the College. According to its first charter, membership on the Board o f Managers of the College was limited to persons belong­ ing to the Society of Friends. The purpose of this restriction was not to establish sectarian control, but to prevent forever the possibility of such control by any sectarian element which might otherwise have come to be represented on the Board. This restriction is now believed to be no longer needed and is omitted from the revised charter. The intention of its founders was to make the promotion1o f Christian character the first considera19 20 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN tion, and to provide opportunities for liberal culture while main­ taining a high standard of scholarship. These aims have been faithfully observed in the administration of the institution. BUILDINGS Parish Hall is a massive stone structure, with its central por­ tion separated from the two wings by fireproof compartments. The central building, three hundred and forty-eight feet long and five stories high, furnishes assembly room, lecture rooms, museum, parlors, dining hall, and offices. The wings are four stories high. The ground floor of each wing is used for lecture and recitation rooms; the remaining floors contain the dormi­ tories of the women students. The Dean of Women and several instructors and matrons reside in the building. Wharton Hall, the dormitory for young men, named in honor of its donor, Joseph Wharton,, late President of the Board of Managers, was opened for occupancy at the beginning of the college year 1904-05. The third section,of the building was completed in 1916. The total capacity o f the hall is about two hundred. It stands in the west campus on the same ridge as Parrish Hall, and commands a fine view of the Delaware River valley. The Hall of Physics and Engineering is a two-story stone building devoted to the departments of Physics and Engineer­ ing. It contains lecture and recitation rooms, electrical, phys­ ical and engineering laboratories, draughting rooms, engine and boiler rooms. A ll departments are well equipped, and new ap­ paratus and machinery are added as occasion demands. The Hall o f Chemistry, which was completed in 1904, is a red brick biiilding two stories high, and contains a finished basement. The basement has an assay laboratory furnished with wind and muffle furnaces, a fireproof combustion room, a laboratory for gas analysis, a photometric dark room, large stock room, and cloak and toilet rooms. On the first floor are offices, and labora­ tories for quantitative analysis and for general chemistry. The large amphitheater lecture room, seating one hundred persons and extending to the basement, is reached from this floor. The second floor contains the organic laboratory, the laboratory for BUILDINGS 21 qualitative analysis, the laboratory for physical chemistry, the laboratory for electrolytic chemistry, and the library. Two balance rooms, one on the first floor and one on the second floor, contain balances mounted on columns built independently of the foundations and floors of the building. The laboratories are splendidly equipped with all the necessary modern apparatus. The chemical library contains a well-selected list of scientific and technical books pertaining to chemistry, and complete sets of five of the leading chemical journals. Through the generosity of Mrs. Peter T. Berdan, the library has received a complete set of the publications o f the London Chemical Society, and a set o f the Journal of the London Society of Chemical Industry, presented by Mrs. Berdan as a memorial to her son, Frederick T. Berdan, a member of the Class of 1890. The Sproul Astronomical Observatory, equipped by Governor William Cameron Sproul, ’91, stands on the site formerly occu­ pied by the President’s house, and contains nine rooms. On the first floor are an office, a departmental library, a computation room, two class rooms, and a shop room. On the second floor are a modern lecture room seating seventy-five persons, a dark room, and the dome room. The dome is a steel structure covered with copper, forty-five feet in diameter. It is revolved by an electric motor. Practically all the classes of the department of Mathematics and Astronomy, and some classes o f other depart­ ments, are held in the Observatory. The chief instrument of the equipment is an equatorial re­ fractor of twenty-four inches aperture, and thirty-six feet focal length, the mounting and optical parts of which were made by the John A. Brashear Co., Ltd. The mounting is modern and convenient, motors being provided for winding the clock and moving the telescope. The driving clock is electrically controlled. A disc driven by a sidereal clock situated on the north side of the pier reads right ascensions directly. The telescope is provided with the usual oculars, helioscope, position micrometer, double­ slide plateholder, and three ray filters. There is also a photographic telescope of nine inches aper­ ture and forty-five inches focal length, mounted after the de­ sign of the Bruce telescope at Yerkes Observatory. The instru­ ment is provided with a heavy mounting, a heavy driving clock, 22 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN coarse and fine position circles, a guide telescope, and such other accessories as make it an effective and convenient instrument. There are also two measuring engines for measuring five-by­ seven photographic plates. One of these was built by Brashear, the other by Gaertner. There is also a blink microscope. Stephen Loines has recently given to the observatory a Polar Equatorial, a new type of telescope, designed and built by the Alvan Clark and Sons’ Corporation. W ith this type of tele­ scope the observer is enabled to make his observations while seated in a warm room. It is housed in the Sproul Observatory. The Students’ Astronomical Observatory, situated on the campus a short distance southeast of Parrish Hall, is especially equipped for the purposes of instruction. It contains a refract­ ing telescope of six inches aperture, mounted equatorially, fitted with the usual accessories, including a position micrometer and a very good spectroscope. The observatory also contains a tran­ sit instrument of three inches aperture, a mean time and a side­ real clock and a chronograph. Mounted in a room adjoining the transit room is a Milne seismograph, presented by Joseph Wharton, which records photographically all vibrations of the crust of the earth. The latest addition to this observatory build­ ing contains the photographic telescope referred to above. The Library Building. On the lower east campus, near the Benjamin West House, stands the Library, a fine specimen o f the English Scholastic Gothic style. The Library was built and furnished from the $50,000 generously presented to the College by Mr. Andrew Carnegie and is maintained from the income on a like sum subscribed by several friends of the College. The building is constructed o f local granite, with terra cotta and Indiana limestone trimmings and was erected under the super­ vision o f Mr. Edward L. Tilton, of New York. In the second story o f the massive entrance tower, is a large fireproof apart­ ment, which contains the Friends’ Historical Library; in the third story, are placed the Westminster chimes of four bells and the Seth Thomas Clock presented to the College in June, 1910, by Mr. Morris L. Clothier in commemoration of the twentieth anniversary o f the graduation o f the class of 1890. The first floor o f the main building contains a stack room and a large, well-lighted reading room finished in dark oak. The reading BUILDINGS 23 room is two stories high, with a gallery round three sides. On this gallery open the seminar rooms and the tower room devoted to the Friends’ Historical Library; below are alcoves contain­ ing reference hooks and other hooks in common use. Beardsley Hall. This building is of concrete block construc­ tion with reinforced concrete floors, columns, and stairs. It is three stories high. In architectural design it is simple and ef­ fective, representing the latest and best type of factory building construction. The President’s Souse. The property on the east edge of the campus on the corner of Elm Avenue and Cedar Lane, recently owned by W . H. Miller, has been purchased by the College and is'used for the President’s house. The Wm. J. Hall Gymnasium for men is a two-story stone building. On the first floor are offices, examining room, and the main exercise hall, a room fifty by eighty feet, equipped with apparatus for individual and class work and a good court for basketball. A trophy room and running track are on the second floor. In the basement are lockers, shower baths, a dressing room for visiting teams, and handball courts. Somerville Hall, erected in 1893 through the efforts of the Somerville Literary Society, is used as a gymnasium for the women. It is furnished with apparatus adapted to the Swedish system of gymnastics. In the basement are dressing rooms, showers, and lockers for the use of day students who take work in the department of Physical Education. Two Swimming Pools, one for the women and another for the men, were erected during the summer o f 1912. These pools were presented to the College by Philip M. Sharpies. The build­ ing which contains the women’s swimming pool is connected by a corridor with Somerville Hall, and the men’s pool is connected in like manner with the William J. Hall Gymnasium. The Seating and Lighting Plant. A central heat, light, and power plant was erected in 1911 at a cost of about one hundred thousand dollars. The power house is a single-story brick struc­ ture, located south of the P. B. & W . R. R. tracks.^ Other buildings upon the campus are the Meeting-house, the Benjamin W est Souse (birthplace of Benjamin West, P. R. A., erected in 1724), Cunningham Souse (the residence» o f the 24 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Professor of Astronomy and Mathematics), six residences for members o f the Faculty, a laundry building, a lodging house for the domestic servants, and the necessary farm build­ ings. Swarthmore Field and Alumni Field provide excellent facil­ ities for outdoor athletics of the men. Swarthmore Field com­ prises the football, lacrosse, and soccer grounds, and a good quarter-mile cinder track with a two hundred and twenty yards straight-away. Alumni Feld is contiguous with Swarthmore Field and provides an excellent baseball ground. The men’s tennis courts are being constructed in front of Wharton Hall. Cunningham Field, the women’s athletic ground, includes a part o f the east campus beyond Somerville Hall. This field, en­ closed by a hedge of California privet, is divided into the three terraces which make ample provision for basketball, tennis, and English field hockey. This field was given by students, alumnas, and friends of the College as a tribute to Susan J. Cunningham, who has for many years been closely identified with the interests of the women students of Swarthmore. SOCIAL L IF E Swarthmore, as a coeducational institution, undertakes to pro­ vide college life in a home setting; to supply an atmosphere in which manly and womanly character may develop naturally and completely. The intercourse of the students is under the care of the Dean of Women and her assistants, who aim to make it a means of social culture. RELIGIOUS L IF E The daily sessions of the College include a gathering of students and instructors for the reading of the Bible, or for some other suitable exercise, preceded and followed by a period o f silence. Students under twenty-one years of age are expected to attend either Friends ’ Meeting, held every First-day morning in the Meeting House, or, at the request of their parents, the church in the borough o f the religious denomination to which they belong. A class to which all students are invited is held at 9.00 on First-day mornings for the consideration o f religious stu dents’ s o c ie t ie s 25 subjects. Preceding the meeting there are also classes in the First-day School to which students are invited. By these means, and particularly by individual influence, and by the constant effort to maintain in the institution a spirit in harmony with the purpose o f its founders, it is believed that a proper care is exercised to mould the characters of the students in conformity with Christian standards. STU DEN TS’ SOCIETIES Two literary societies are maintained by the students: the Athenceum by the men, the Somerville by the women. Each so­ ciety has, under the management of its own members, but acces­ sible to all students, a library and a reading room containing periodicals and daily papers. The total number of books in these libraries is over four thousand. The Cercle français holds frequent meetings and is open to all students in the French Department after the middle of their first year. Its object is to afford increased opportunities for acquiring a practical knowledge of the French language. The Deutscher Verein holds occasional sessions for the purpose of affording its members a greater ease and facility in expressing themselves in idiomatic German. Students are thus brought into more positive acquaintance with German customs, amusements, music, and literature. The Mathematical and Astronomical Club is an association of students in Mathematics and allied subjects, and o f instructors in Mathematics. It meets on the first and third Tuesdays of each month to discuss subjects not pertinent to the class room. The Classical Club meets once a month during the college year. Addresses and papers are given on subjects which emphasize the broader aspect of classical culture and civilization. The English Club, open to all students, meets twice a month to hold discussions and to listen to papers and addresses upon topics, of literary and dramatic interest. The Engineers Club has for its purpose the reviewing of re­ cent discoveries and achievements in engineering, discussing questions not raised in the class room, giving power in the presentation of topics, promoting intimacy between faculty and 26 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN students, and providing guidance in the engineering vocations. Meetings are held once in each month in the Beardsley Hall Library. Students majoring in engineering are eligible for membership. The Athletic Association is an organization of the men for the encouragement o f physical training and athletic sports. The W om en’s Athletic Association is a similar organization of the women students. Christian Associations. The religious life among the students is furthered by the Young M en’s and Young W omen’s Christian Associations. Formal and informal receptions and other social functions are given with the especial object o f promoting closer fellowship and a truly democratic spirit. Public meetings for worship are held every Sunday evening, the young men meet­ ing in Wharton Hall and the young women in Parrish Hall. No student organization of the College may incur any financial obligation, or make any contract involving a monetary considera­ tion, without first obtaining the sanction o f the President of the College, or of the proper faculty committee under whose super­ vision the organization is placed. Students contemplating a new organization must first consult the President of the College. If he desires to grant them permission to effect such an organiza­ tion, he will advise the student representatives of the particular faculty committee under whose supervision the organization is placed. COLLEGE PUBLICATIONS Two periodicals are published by the students under the super­ vision of the faculty: The Phoenix, a weekly publication, is de­ voted to undergraduate journalism; the Halcyon is published annually by the Junior Class. The Swarthmore College Bulletin is published every three months and contains a record of the matters of permanent im­ portance in the progress o f the College. L IB R A R IE S AND READ IN G ROOMS The libraries o f the College collectively contain about forty thousand volumes. The chief sources of income for increasing the collection in THE MUSEUM OF BIOLOGY AND GEOLOGY 27 the college library are these: the Edgar Allen Brown Fund, established by his family in memory of Edgar Allen Brown, of the Class of 1890; the Alumni F u n d; and the General Library Fund. The library is open daily except Sunday, as follow s: Monday to Friday, inclusive, 8.00 a . m . to 6.00 p. m . and 7.15 to 10.00 p. m . ; Saturday, 8.00 a . m . to 5.00 p . m ., and 7.15 to 10.00 p . m . Residents of the borough of Swarthmore are cordially invited to use the library. The Friends’ Historical Library, founded by the late Anson Lapham, of Skaneateles, N. Y., contains a valuable and growing collection of Friends’ books, tracts, and early writings (many very rare), photographs of representative Friends, other objects of personal and historic interest, and manuscripts relating to the Society and its history. This collection is stored in rooms prac­ tically fireproof, and it is hoped that Friends and others will deem it a secure place in which to deposit books and other ma­ terial in their possession which may be of interest in connection with the history of the Society. Such contributions are solicited, and should be addressed to the Friends’ Historical Library, Swarthmore, Pa. The library is accessible to all persons inter­ ested in the doctrines and history of Friends, and ample arrange­ ments are provided for its use for consultation and for reference. Moreover, the great collections of books in the Library o f the University of Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia Library and its Ridgway Branch, the Mercantile Library, the Free Library of Philadelphia, as well as those in the special and technical libraries of the city, are open to the use of students under proper regulations. The Philadelphia library resources, which are of especial utility in connection with the various departments of the College, are referred to in the departmental statements. The Library and the departmental reading rooms are supplied with reference books and the leading literary, scientific, and technical journals. TH E MUSEUM OF BIOLOGY AND GEOLOGY The Museum contains a collection for educational purposes only, and the specimens from its cases are in constant use in the lecture room and laboratory. It is steadily becoming a more per- 28 SWARTHMORE COLLÈGE BULLETIN feet means of illustrating the different departments of biology and geology. It includes the following collections : 1. The Joseph Leidy Collection o f Minerals, the result of thirty years’ discriminating collection by its founder, consists o f exceedingly valuable cabinet specimens of minerals, charac­ teristic rocks and ores, and models of the various systems of crystallization. 2. The Collection Illustrating Comparative Osteology is com­ posed of a large series of partial and complete skeletons, pre­ pared at Prof. Henry W ard’s Natural History Establishment in Rochester, N. Y. The collection illustrates the structure and framework of vertebrates. 3. The W ilcox and Farnham Collection o f Birds comprises stuffed specimens of native and foreign birds. Nearly all the species visiting this State are represented. 4. The Frederick Kohl Ethnological Collection consists of Indian implements, weapons, clothing, etc., mostly from Alaska. 5. The C. F. Parker Collection of Shells is made up of choice typical land, fresh water, and marine shells. These specimens were all selected by the late Dr. Joseph Leidy from the exten­ sive collection o f the founder, C. F. Parker, who was for many years the Curator in charge o f the Academy of Natural Sciences o f Philadelphia. 6. The Robert R. Corson Collection of Stalactites and Stalag­ mites is composed of specimens from the Luray Caverns, which illustrates the peculiar limestone formations of Luray and similar districts. 7. The Eckfeldt Herbarium contains over two thousand speci­ mens illustrating the flora of Pennsylvania. The Annie Shoe­ maker Collection is a valuable addition to this. 8. 'The Joel Scarlet Collection of Minerals and Crystallo­ graphic Specimens was presented to the Chemical Department by the heirs of the late Joel Scarlet of Kennett Square, Pa. This collection, which has been placed in cases located in the library of the Chemical Building, consists of about three thou­ sand well-selected specimens, many rare and valuable. It is used for the course in Mineralogy and is accessible to students under the supervision o f the instructor. THE MUSEUM OF BIOLOGY AND GEOLOGY 29 In addition to the above, there is a large and constantly in­ creasing collection of specimens of vertebrates and invertebrates (including the U. S. Fish Commission Educational Collection), of dissected specimens for demonstration in the lectures on Physiology, of glass and papier-maché models illustrating special points in vegetable and animal morphology, besides about three hundred classified diagrams and colored charts illustrating every branch of natural history. E XPE N SE S The charge for tuition is $200 a year, payable in advance. A contingent fee of $50 a year, payable in advance by every student, has been added to partly meet increased cost of wages, coal, and the labor and materials for the up-keep of the physical prop­ erty. This contingent fee is not applied to any increase in the cost of tuition or food. Students holding scholarships given for financial need are exempt from the payment of this con­ tingent fee. No reduction of the charge of $250 can be made on account o f absence, illness, dismissal during the year, or for any other reason whatever, and no refunding will be made on account o f any said causes in case of a payment in advance. The charge for board and residence ranges from $300 to $400, of which at least half is payable in advance. The remainder is due on the first of January. This charge varies in accordance with the size and location of the room. Of this charge $200 is the charge for board; the remainder is room-rent. I f any student for any reason whatsoever shall withdraw or be withdrawn from College, no portion of the payment for roomrent shall be refunded or remitted. In cpse of illness and absence from the college extending over a continuous period of six weeks or more or withdrawal from the college for a continuous period of six weeks or more, there will be a special proportionate reduction in the charge for board pro­ vided that written notice be given to the Superintendent at the time of withdrawal, or, in case the student is ill at home, as soon as possible after the illness is proven. Verbal noti.ce will not be sufficient to secure this allowance. Bills for the first payment are mailed before the opening of the College year and bills for the second payment are mailed before the first of January following. Payments shall be made by check or draft to the order of S warthmore College, S warth more, P a . Every student is responsible for prompt payment when due. Thirty days after any payment is due, 5 per cent, will be added to any amount overdue. I f not paid within thirty days after due the student may be excluded from College, but such exclusion shall not relieve the student or his or her parent or guardian from any liability theretofore incurred. 30 EXPENSES 31 Students withdrawing or dismissed from college on or before the end of the first semester receive no benefit from scholarships, as scholarships are credited at the beginning of the second semester. All students except upper class women choose rooms according to date o f application for admission. A fter the Freshman year women choose rooms by lot. In order to reserve a room in any one of the dormitories each Student must make a deposit of $25 when the room is chosen. O f this amount $15 will be deducted from the first payment for board and room. The remainder will be held as a fund to cover breakage or any other damage to Col­ lege property, and the loss involved if a student fails to occupy the room reserved for him. No part of the room deposit will be returned if the student fails to occupy the room. "When the amount of a student’s breakage exceeds $5, the unexpended balance is returned and a new deposit is required. The necessary furnishings for the rooms in the dormitories are provided by the College, with the exception of rugs, which are to be furnished by the students. Special students who enroll for less than the prescribed number of hours will be charged according to the number o f hours car­ ried and at the rate o f $10 per credit hour. DINING-ROOM RATES Per college year, $225; per month, $28; per week, $7; single breakfast, 30 cents; single lunch, 35 cents; single dinner (except Sunday), 40 cents; Sunday dinner, 50 cents; dinners per month, $11.50; lunches per month, $8.50; breakfasts per month, $8. The college year for instructors and administrative officers be­ gins with the Saturday preceding Registration Day, and ends with the Saturday following Commencement Day, but does not include the. Christmas vacation. Instructors and officers who wish meals before the beginning or after the end of the college year are expected to make arrangements in advance at the Superintendent's office. The charge for board and room for instructors and adminis­ trative officers is $300 per year. The College is closed during the Christmas recess. Students who desire to remain in Swarthmore or its vicinity at that time 32 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN may secure board at moderate charge in homes recommended by the faculty. Students who desire to remain at the College during the spring recess will be charged a proportionate sum for board. Students leaving property in any college building during the summer recess do so at their own risk. Freshmen are expected to leave the College immediately after their last examination is over in the spring in order that their rooms may be used by Commencement visitors. Students purchase their own books, which are furnished by the College at the lowest rates obtainable. They also buy their ‘ own stationery and drawing implements, and pay a reasonable rate for laundry work done at the College. A fee of $3 a semester is charged in every laboratory science, except in Chemistry and Engineering. The fees in the department of Chemistry and Chemical En­ gineering are as follow s: For the -course of Assaying, no fee, but students pay for all breakage and all materials used; for the course in Mineralogy $3 a semester; for all other courses in this department $10 a semester. In addition to the abovenamed fees every student graduating in the department of Chem­ istry and Chemical Engineering is charged $25 in lieu of fees for apparatus and materials used, in connection with his thesis. This last named fee is payable at the beginning of the second semester of the Senior year. A fee of $5 a semester is charged for each course in wood­ working, forging, and machine practice; a fee of $2 a semester is charged for each course in field practice and surveying; an additional fee o f $2 is charged for the annual survey. A deposit o f $5 is required for each course in shop work or founding. This deposit will be retained to cover breakage and loss of tools or supplies, and, after deduction fo r such items, the balance will be refunded upon the completion of the course. Students are charged a fee o f $1 a seemster for the use o f gym­ nasium and swimming pools. This amount includes loeker rental. In addition to the payments made directly to the College there are a number of other items o f living expense such as clothing, care o f health, recreation, traveling, etc., which the student must meet. The combined expenditures o f both classes vary consid­ erably, o f course, from student to student. FE LLO W SH IPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS FELLOWSHIPS The J oshua L ippincott F ellowship, of $450 founded by Howard W . L ippincott, A.B., of the Class of 1875, in memory of his father, is awarded annually by the faculty, with the con­ currence of the Instruction Committee, to a graduate of the College of at least one year’s standing for the pursuit of gradu­ ate study under the direction of the faculty or with their ap­ proval. Applications for the Joshua Lippincott Fellowship for the year 1920-21 must be received by the faculty before Febru­ ary 20, 1920. The L ucretia M ott F ellowship, founded by the Somerville -Literary Society and sustained by the contributions of its life members, has yielded an annual income since its foundation of $525. It is awarded each year by a committee of the faculty (selected by the society), with the concurrence of the life mem­ bers of the society, to a young woman graduate of that year who is to pursue advanced study at some other institution approved by this committee. The J ohn L ockwood M emorial F ellowship of $450 was founded by the bequest o f Lydia A . Lockwood, of New York, in memory of her brother, John Lockwood. It was the wish of the donor that the fellowship be awarded to a member of the Society of Friends. It is to be awarded annually by the faculty, with the consent of the Instruction Committee, to a graduate of the College o f at least one year’s standing, for the pursuit of graduate studies under the direction o f the faculty or with their approval. Applications for this fellowship for 1920-21 must be received by the faculty by February 20, 1920. The H annah A . L eedom F ellowship of $400 was founded by the bequest o f Hannah A. Leedom. It is awarded annu­ ally by the faculty with the consent o f the Instruction Com­ mittee to a graduate o f the College of at least one year s stand33 34 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN ing for the pursuit of graduate studies under the direction of the faculty or with their approval. Applications for this fel­ lowship for 1920-21 must be received by the faculty by Febru­ ary 20, 1920. The M artha E. T yson F ellowship of $450, founded by the Somerville Literary Society in 1913, is sustained by the contribu­ tions of the life members of the society. It is awarded annually, by a joint committee of the faculty and the society (elected by the society) with the concurrence of the life members of the society to a woman graduate of Swarthmore College, who has taught successfully for two years after her graduation, and ex­ pects to continue teaching. The recipient of the award is to pursue a course of study fitting her for more efficient work in an institution approved by the Committee o f Award. Applica­ tions for this fellowship for 1920-21 must be received by the Committee of Award not later than February 1, 1920. SCHOLARSHIPS 1. The W estbury Quarterly Meeting, N. Y., S cholarship is awarded annually by a committee of that Quarterly Meeting. 2. Each of the following funds yields annually about $200 and is awarded at the discretion o f the College to students needing pecuniary aid, whose previous work has. demonstrated their earn­ estness and ability: (а) (б ) (c) ( d) ( e) (/) The The The The The The R ebecca M. A tkinson S cholarship F und. B arclay G. A tkinson S cholarship F und. T homas L. L eedom S cholarship F und. M ark E. R eeves S cholarship F und. T homas W oodnutt S cholarship F und. Sarah E. L ippincott S cholarship F und. 3. The A nnie S hoemaker S cholarship, a free scholarship for board and tuition, is awarded annually to a young woman graduate of Friends’ Central School, Philadelphia. 4. The H arriet W . P aiste F und is limited by the following words from the donor’s w ill: “ the interest to be applied an- ! |V FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 35 nually to the education of female members of our- Society of Friends (holding their Yearly Meeting at Fifteenth and Race Streets, Philadelphia) whose limited means would exclude them from enjoying the advantages of an education at the College.” 5. The M ary W ood F und is limited by the following words from the donor’s w ill: ‘ ‘ the income thereof to be, by the proper officers thereof, applied to the maintenance and education at said college of one female student therein, one preparing for the avocation of a teacher to be preferred as the beneficiary, but in all other respects the application of the income of said Fund to be in the absolute discretion of the college.” 6. The W illiam C. Sproul S cholarship. William C. Sproul, a graduate' of the Class of 1891, offers annually a scholarship to a graduate of the Chester High School. This scholarship may continue throughout the college course. Details may be secured from the principal of the Chester High School. 7. The following scholarships are offered for work done in the College in 1919-20. They are of the value of $200 each for resi­ dent, and $100 each for day students, and are awarded in each instance to that member of each of the respective classes who shall be promoted without conditions, and shall have the best record of scholarship upon the regular work of the year: (а) The D eborah F isher W harton S cholarship will be awarded to a member of the Junior Class. (б) The S amuel J. U nderhill S cholarship will awarded to a member of the Sophomore Class. be (c) The A nson L apham S cholarship will be awarded to a member of the Freshman Class. 8. The Samuel W illets F und provides several scholarships for resident students needing pecuniary aid, whose previous work has demonstrated their earnestness and their ability. They will be awarded at the discretion of the Committee on Trusts. A p ­ plication should be made to the President of the College. 36 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 9. The I saac S tephens S cholarships. Four scholarships of $50 per year. 10. The I. Y . W illiamson S cholarships for P reparatory S chools. Ten scholarships of the value o f $150 each for resi­ dent students, and $75 each for day students, are offered to members of classes graduating in 1920 in the following schools: 1 to F rien ds’ Central School (B o y s ’ Depart­ m ent) ....................................................................... Philadelphia. 1 to F rien ds’ Central School (G irls’ Depart­ m ent) , .............................................................., . . Philadelphia. ,1 to F rien ds’ Seminary ......................................... N ew York, N . Y . 1 to Friends ’ S c h o o l.............................................. Baltimore, Md. 1 to F rien ds’ S c h o o l.............................................. W ilm ington, Del. 1 to F rien ds’ H igh S ch o o l.............. ...................... Moorestown, N . J. 1 to Friends’ Academy 1 to ................................. '.. ..L o c u s t Valley, N . Y . Friends’ Select S c h o o l...................... ........... Washington, D . C. 1 to George School (B o y s ’ D ep artm en t). . . . George School, Pa. 1 to George School (G irls ’ D ep artm en t). . . . George School, Pa. Beginning with the classes graduating in 1920 from the schools listed above, these scholarships will be awarded under the fol­ lowing conditions: (а) There must be two or more candidates from each school fo r the scholarship. (б ) The candidates will be required to take the examinations o f the College Entrance Examination Board. The scholarship will be awarded only to that candidate who makes a passing grade, of 60 per cent, in each subject required for admission and who makes the highest aver­ age grade. (c) Examinations must be completed before July 1 preceding the year of admission to College. A candidate may take any examination for which his preparation is complete in any year of the,college preparatory course. ( d) No scholarships will be awarded to applicants who fail to be admitted without conditions. (e) Every holder of such scholarship must pursue in College the studies leading regularly to the degree of Bachelor o f Arts. FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 37 ( /) The College reserves the right to require some form of service from students receiving scholarships from the College. 11. F or the year 1920-21, Swarthmore College offers three scholarships of $150 each for resident students and $75 each for day students, to members of classes graduating in 1920 in the following schools: f 1 to Swarthmore Preparatory S c h o o l.............. Swarthmore, Pa. 1 to Swarthmore Publie H igh School.................Swarthmore, Pa. 1 to The W est Chester H igh S c h o o l..................W est Chester, Pa. Beginning with the classes graduating in 1920 from the schools listed above, these scholarships will be awarded under the same conditions as the I. Y. Williamson scholarships described under caption 10. 12. T h e P h c e b e A n n e T h o m a s F u n d provides several scholar­ ships for students needing pecuniary assistance whose previous work has demonstrated their earnestness and their ability. This gift includes a clause of preference to those students who are members of the New York Monthly Meeting of Friends. These scholarships are awarded by the College under the regulations fixed by the Board. Application should he made to the Presi­ dent of the College. 13. A friend o f Swarthmore College and of the University of Pennsylvania offers a scholarship of $100 for the college year 1920-21 to a graduate of Swarthmore College taking work in any department of the University. 14. The Western Swarthmore Club offers in conjunction with the College, one competitive scholarship of $450 to a man. The scholarship is open for competition to all high and preparatory school graduates west of the Allegheny Mountains. Students interested are requested to apply to the President of the Club, Professor T. A. Jenkins, University o f Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. 15. The M a r y C o a t e s P r e s t o n S c h o l a r s h i p F u n d . A sum of money has been left by will of Elizabeth Coates to Josephine 38 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Beistle, of Swarthmore, as trustee, the annual interest of which will be about $300. This amount is given by the trustee as a scholarship to a young woman student in Swarthmore,College, preferably to a relative of the donor. 16. The W om an’s Medical College of Pennsylvania offers a scholarship of $175, full tuition,- to a young woman graduate of Swarthmore College. This amount is to be given annually during the four years of medical work, thus having a total value of $700 to the student receiving the scholarship. 17. The Ivy Medal is placed in the hands of the faculty by a friend of the College, to be awarded on Commencement Day to a male member of the graduating class for character, scholar­ ship,. and influence. ADM ISSION A p p l i c a t i o n f o b A d m i s s i o n should be made as early as pos­ sible'by letter to the Dean of the College. Students are not ad­ mitted for a period of less than the current college year, but, when vacancies exist, students may enter profitably upon the work of a sufficient number of courses. A ll applicants must present satisfactory testimonials of good character from their former teachers, and students coming from other colleges must present certificates of honorable dismissal. A d m i s s i o n t o t h e C o l l e g e is granted (1) to candidates who pass satisfactory examinations covering the entrance require­ ments stated below, pages 41 to 43; and (2) to those who pre­ s e n t ' certificates signed by the principals of duly accredited schools, made out upon forms furnished by the College, affording sufficient evidence that the entrance requirements have been met. 1. E x a m i n a t i o n s f o r A d m i s s i o n must be taken in June if pos­ sible. Candidates for admission by examination in June are re­ quired to take the examinations of the College Entrance Exami­ nation Board. F or those who find it impossible to take examina­ tions in June examinations in all subjects will be held at the College in September. ’ ' . C o l l e g e E n t r a n c e E x a m in a t io n B oard E n t r a n c e E x a m in a t io n s , J u n e 21-26, 1920 In June, 1920, there will be separate blank forms for the “ Application for Examination” and “ Certificate of Recom­ mendation.” The former should be addressed to the College Entrance Examination Board, 431 West 117th Street, New York, N. Y., the latter to the Chairman of the Committee on Admis­ sion of the university, college, o f scientific school that the candi­ date wishes to enter. Both forms may be obtained from the Secretary of the College Entrance Examination Board upon request by mail. 39 40 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Provided that the application reach the College Entrance Examination Board not later than the date specified below, the examination fee will be $6 if the candidate is to he examined in the United States, $20 if the candidate is to he examined out­ side of the Unitéd States. The fee should be remitted by postal order, express order, or draft on New York to the College En­ trance Examination Board. Applications and fees o f candidates who wish to be examined outside o f the United States must reach the Secretary of the Board at least six weeks in advance of the examinations, that is, on or before May 10, 1920. Applications and fees of candidates who wish to be examined at points in the United States west of the Mississippi River must be received at least four weeks in advance o f the examinations, that is, on or before May 24, 1920. Applications and fees of candidates who wish to be examined at points in the United States east o f or on the Mississippi River must be received at least three weeks in advance of the examina­ tions, that is, on or before May 31, 1920. When the candidate has failed to obtain the required blank form o f application for examination, the usual examination fee will be accepted if the fee arrive not later than the specified date accompanied by a memorandum containing the name and address of the candidate, the examination center at which he wishes to present himself, and a list o f all subjects in which he may have occasion to take the Board’s examinations. Applications received later than the dates named will be ac­ cepted only upon payment o f $6 in addition to the usual fee. A list of the places at which thé examinations are to be held by the Board in June, 1920, will be published about March 1. Requests that the examinations be held at particular points, to receive proper consideration, should be transmitted to the Secre­ tary o f the Board not later than February 1. 2. Admission by Certificate. Graduates o f Friends’ schools and of public high schools, approved by the faculty and Instruc­ tion Committee, will be admitted to the College on certificate o f the principal, but are not in every case received without con­ dition. The faculty admits these students on trial, and reserves ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS 41 the right to change their classification or to decline to continue their connection with the College if they find them to be in­ sufficiently prepared. The privilege o f sending students on cer­ tificate may be withdrawn from any school whose pupils are found to be deficient. Principals of other schools who wish to have students admitted on their recommendation should cor­ respond with the Dean on the subject. Certificates issued by the College Entrance Examination Board will be accepted in place of examinations on the subjects therein certified to as passed. See page 39 for information as to the examinations held by this board. Additional informa­ tion, if needed, may be obtained by addressing The Secretary of the College Entrance Examination Board, 431 West 117th Street, New York, N. Y. Graduation from an acceptable four years’ high school course or its equivalent is required for admission to the Freshman class on certificate. An applicant may offer substitutes for some of the optional subjects listed below, but in such cases the student is required to substitute for college electives such work as had been omitted in preparatory school. Thus there would be no increase in the number o f credit hours required for graduation, but, fewer electives could be included in the four-year college course. ENTRANCE REQUIREM ENTS It is to be carefully noted that the subjects included among the entrance requirements are rated as strictly as possible ac­ cording to the time that should have been devoted to prepara­ tory work in each. In regard to a unit of admission requirements, the faculty of Swarthmore College has approved the following statement, which has been adopted by the National Conference Committee on Standards of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the College En­ trance Examination Board, and the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement o f Teaching : A unit represents a year’s study in any subject in a secondary school, constituting approximately a quarter of a full year’s work. This statement is designed to afford a standard of measure- 42 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN ment for the work done in secondary schools. It takes the four-year high school course as a basis, and assumes that the length of the school year is from thirty-six to forty weeks, that a period is from forty to sixty minutes in length, and that the study is pursued for four or five periods a week. B y this stand­ ard a satisfactory year’s work in any subject cannot he accom­ plished under ordinary circumstances in less than one hundred and twenty sixty-minute hours or their equivalent. Schools or­ ganized on any other than a four-year basis can, nevertheless, estimate their work in terms of this unit. The total number o f units required on this basis for admission to Swarthmore College is fourteen and a half. AURAL AND ORAL TESTS IN FOREIGN MODERN LANGUAGES In accordance with a resolution adopted in 1908 by the Modem Language Association of America and a similar one adopted in 1914 by the Association of M odem Language Teachers of the Middle States and Maryland, it is recommended that the schools preparing students for Swarthmore College prescribe adequate aural and oral tests for all candidates who desire to present a foreign modern language in satisfaction of requirements for admission. I. General Statem ent 1. Elementary A lgebra of S u b j e c t s R e q u ir e d 2. Plane G e o m e try ............ ..........1 4. History ............................. unit units 3. English ............................. 2 5. Elementary French . . . . . . . . . 2 Intermediate French . . ............ 1 6. 7. 8. for E ntrance . ............ 1 % units Advanced French . . . . ............ 1 2 Elementary German . . 9. Intermediate German . ............ i 10. Advanced German . . . . ............ i 11. G r e e k ................................. ............3 2 12. Elementary L atin . . . . Required subjects, seven and one half units. units units unit unit units unit unit Optional subjects. Of these units enough must be offered to units aggregate seven units. 13. Advanced L a tin ............ . . 1 or 2 2 14. Elementary Spanish . . units units 15. Elementary Science. . . . . 1 or 2 units 16. Solid G e o m e tr y ............ ............ % unit 17. T rig o n o m e try ................. unit ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS 43 II. Detailed definitions of the requirements in all subjects lifted under the general statement on page 42, including lists of experiments in the natural sciences, are given in a special cir­ cular of information published annually by the College Entrance Examination Board. The edition published July 1, 1919, was designated as Document No. 93. Copies of this document may be obtained from the Secretary of the Board, 431 West 117th Street, New York, N. Y. Upon request to the Board a single copy will be sent to any teacher without charge. In general a charge of ten cents, which may be remitted in postage stamps, will be made. A D VAN CED STANDING No student is admitted to advanced standing later than the beginning of the senior year. Students entering from other colleges must complete at least one full year’s work at Swarthmore College in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Students who come from other colleges must present full credentials for both college and preparatory work, and a letter of honorable dismissal. I f the credentials are satis­ factory to the Committee on Admission, the candidate will be given, without examination, an equivalent amount of credit upon the records of the College. A ll applicants for advanced stand­ ing for work done in other than approved colleges or universities will be admitted to such standing only by examination. Ex­ aminations for such credit shall cover the full equivalent of cor­ responding courses at Swarthmore College. Application for advanced standing should be made in- writing to the Dean. E x­ aminations will be held only at the College. REQUIREM ENTS F O R GRADUATION THE GENERAL UNDERGRADUATE COURSE OF STUDY The degree of Bachelor o f Arts is conferred upon those who complete the undergraduate course as outlined below. This course is based upon uniform requirements for admission, and upon certain studies which aré prescribed for all matriculates. In addition to securing this fundamental uniformity, it provides for the varied needs and capacities of individuals by permitting a wide range of election on the part of the student or his ad­ viser; and it seeks, also, to provide a thorough training, extend­ ing over three or four years, in some one department of £tudy. The requirement of a thesis from a candidate for the Bachelor’s degree is left to the option o f the head of the department in which the m ajor is taken. Candidates for graduation in the Department o f Liberal Arts are required to complete one hundred and twenty-four “ hours” in addition to the prescribed work in physical education. For the number of hours required for graduation in the Departments o f Engineering and in the Department o f Chemistry, see the courses of study outlined under the various departments. The foregoing are minimum requirements. Students may he re­ quired to complete additional “ hours” f o r graduation as penal­ ties for absences from collection or from class room, laboratory, or other college exercises. A n “ hour” signifies one recitation or lecture (or its equivalent) a week throughout one college semes­ ter. A recitation or lecture is regularly fifty-five minutes long, and the preparation of the student is estimated at an average o f two hours for each class exercise. In the Departments of Engineering, Biology, and Chemistry a laboratory period is three hours in length. In other departments, where ,additional work is required outside of the laboratory, the laboratory period is two- hours in, length. It is designed to make the laboratory exercise, as nearly as possible, equivalent in its demands to the hours defined above. The prescribed number of hours for students majoring in the Departments of Liberal Arts is seventeen for each semester • 44 REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION 45 of the freshman year and fifteen for each semester of the sopho­ more, junior, and senior years. The prescribed number of hours for students majoring in Engineering ranges from fifteen to twenty for each semester. Quality Points.— An average quality grade shall be required for graduation, and for the purpose of determining this quality grade, numerical values called “ points,” shall be given to the grade letters, as follows: for grade A, three points for each semester hour of course in which the grade is received; for grade B, two points; for grade C, one point; for grade D, no point. The grade D is sufficient to pass a course, but does not count any “ point.” In accordance with this valuation the requirements in “ points” for graduation o f all students, both those in arts and in ap­ plied science, is one hundred and twenty-four. This is a re­ quirement for Arts students of an average grade of C. In other words, Arts students are required for graduation to present one hundred and twenty-four hours o f credit and one hundred and twenty-four “ points.” • Students in applied science will be re­ quired for graduation to present the number of hours of credit now prescribed (ranging from one hundred and thirty-two to one hundred and fifty-one) and one hundred and twenty-four “ points.” Extra or Less H oars— Students are not allowed to carry more nor less than the prescribed amount of work except in special cases approved by the Committee on Prescribed and E x­ tra Work. Students often find it difficult, however, to make out a course of study for the exact number of hours, and for this reason a variation of one hour more or less than the prescribed number o f hours may be allowed by the course adviser. In such cases the endorsement of the course adviser must be secured in writing on the Enrollment Card. Students desiring to carry more than one hour in excess of the prescribed number, or more than one hour below the pre­ scribed number, must make application to the Committee on Prescribed and Extra W ork on a regular form provided for the purpose by the Dean. No student whose marks have fallen be­ low C in any subject or below- B in more than one department during the preceding semester shall be permitted to enroll for 46 SWAKTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN more than one hour in excess of the prescribed number. For students entering from Other schools or colleges these grades shall he determined from their entrance certificates. No application of a student to enroll for more or less than the prescribed num­ ber of hours shall be considered by the committee unless accom­ panied by the written endorsement of the course adviser. I. Prescribed Studies.— These studies must be taken by all students who are candidates for graduation, unless for special reasons permission to substitute some other work is obtained from the proper faculty committee. The whole of the first year is devoted to five of the prescribed studies with one elective. The time and order in which the- remaining studies are taken may vary according to the requirements, of each depart­ ment. The prescribed work, amounting to forty-three hours, exclusive of the Physical Education, includes the following studies: Group 1. English.— Ten hours, four of which must be taken in English Composition, and six in English Literature. Group 2. Greek, Latin, French, German, Spanish.— Twelve hours in any one of these languages, or six hours in each of two. Group 3. Nine hours, three of which must be taken in Bible Study, and six in one of the following departments: History, History of Religion and Philosophy, Economics, Political Sci­ ence, Psychology and Education. Group 4. Biology, Chemistry, Physics.— Six hours, to be taken in any one of the three departments, and to include at least one credit-hour of laboratory work throughout a year. . Group 5. Mathematics, Astronomy.— Six hours, to be taken in either one of the two studies. Group 6. Physical Education.— For the prescribed amount of work in this department, see the statements under the Depart­ ment o f Physical Education. Students who fail in the required courses of the freshman year should enroll in these courses during the sophomore year. No deviation from this rule w ill'be allowed except on the writ­ ten endorsement of the course adviser, and after notification to REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION 47 the professor in charge of the subject in which the student failed. All prescribed studies must be completed or in actual process of completion at the beginning of the senior year except in cases where such prescribed work is not offered until the second semes­ ter of the senior year. No substitution of elective for prescribed work where more than one semester is involved shall be permitted after the be­ ginning of the senior year, nor in any case after the beginning of the second semester of the senior year. Application for permission to substitute an elective for a pre­ scribed study must be made to the Committee on Prescribed and Extra W ork on a regular form provided by the Dean for the purpose. II. Major Subject.— Every candidate for graduation is re­ quired to select the work of some one department as his major. In most cases the selection may well be postponed until the be­ ginning of the second .year. In the department thus chosen the student must complete eighteen hours as a minimum (the pre­ scribed work done in the m ajor study to be included in this minimum), and the professor in charge may, at his option, de­ termine the work of thirty-six hours, provided six hours shall not be in his own department. I f the major study is one of the languages, at least six hours of the prescribed work must be taken in another language. No matter how much credit may have been given on entrance, no student is allowed to graduate who has not been enrolled as a student of Swarthmore College at least one year and who has not had in the 'College at least one year’s work in his major. I f the major study is changed from any branch of Engineer­ ing to a department in Arts, the number of credit hours then on record will be adjusted to the basis of 124 hours. III. Elective Studies.— The remaining work required for grad­ uation may be elected from any department or departments of the College. 48 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN The following subjects are open to election, in so far as the exigencies o f the college programme will perm it: Anthropology, Art, Astronomy, Bible Study, Biology, Botany, Chemistry, Economies, Education, Engineering, English, French, Geology, German, Greek, History, History of Religion, Latin, Law, Mathematics, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Public Speaking, Spanish, Zoology. UNIFORM CURRICULUM FOR THE FRESHMAN TEAR IN THE COURSES IN ARTS FRESHMAN YEAR First Semester H ou rs per W e e k See Page Class 2 3 3 59 60 113 L a b ’y C redits _ _ 3 2 3 3 — 3 3 11H or 115 3 'aSHall1 2 117 13 _ 17 Second Semester 59 60 113 2 3 3 __ sea. h __ 3 2 3 3 3 _ _ 3 3 or 115 D e s crip tiv e A s t r o n o m y ......... 2 117 13 _ 17 THE COURSES OF STUDY IN APPLIED SCIENCE The degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Departments of Mechan­ ical, Civil, Electrical, and Chemical Engineering, and in the Department of Chemistry, is conferred upon those students who complete the prescribed work as outlined under the various de­ partments above named. 49 50 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN IRREGULAR COURSES OP STUDY Irregular courses of study, not including in due proportion the prescribed major and elective studies, may be pursued by students who have been regularly admitted to the College by examination or by certificate only in special cases and by ap­ proval of the Faculty Committee on Prescribed and Extra Work. UNIFORM CURRICULUM FOR THE FRESHMAN AND SOPHOMORE YEARS IN APPLIED SCIENCE The curriculum for the first and second years o f the fouryears’ courses leading to degrees in the Departments of Mechan­ ical, Civil, Electrical, and Chemical Engineering is the same in every respect. For the first and second year students in Chem­ istry as applied science and in Chemical Engineering follow the same courses as given below except that women students are required to take certain electives instead of the prescribed courses, where specified. FRESHMAN YEAR First Semester H ou rs p e r W e e k See P age Class L a b ’y 6 S h op 2 0 3 * ................................... 3 3 2 3 2 113 113 59 60 89 105 117 Credit 3 6 2 3 3 2 3 •3 2 15 18 6 3 6 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 15 17 _ _ _ 2 15 Second Semester 113 113 59 60 89 105 117 S h op 2 03 an d 2 04*. M a th e m atics 2 5 3 . . M a th e m a tics 2 5 2 . . E n glish 1 ................... E n glish 4 ................... C h em istry 1 7 1 .......... D raw in g 1 9 2 . . . . . . P h y sica l E d u ca tio n P a ttern -m a k in g an d F o u n d ry T r ig o n o m e tr y ............................ A lg e b r a ......................................... C o m p o s itio n ............................... G en eral I n tr o d u c tio n ............. G en eral I n o r g a n ic ............ .. E n gin e e rin g ................................ T o t a ls ........................... 3 2 2 3 2 — 2 14 ' ■ — -L - — . ----- ♦ W o m e n m ajorin g in C h e m istry m a y su b stitu te a n e lective fo r S h o p W o r k a n d D raw in g. UNIFORM CURRICULUM 51 SOPHOMORE YEAR First Semester See Page 105 106 113 89 46 116 107 117 H ours p e r W e e k Class D raw in g 1 93 * ......... S h op 205 a n d 2 0 6 * ........... M a th em atics 2 5 4 ..................... C h em istry 1 7 2 .............. G r o u p 2 f ......................... P hysics 2 7 1 ................................ M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 2 ¿3 P h y sica l E d u c a t io n ................ L ab’y C redit 6 6 F orge w o r k a n d M a ch in e w ork 3 1 3 6 2 2 3 3 13 21 18 Second Semester 105 107 113 89 46 116 108 109 117 D raw in g 1 94 *.............. S h op 2 0 6 * ................... M a th em atics 2 5 5 .............. C h em istry 1 7 2 ...................... G r o u p 2 f .............................. P h y sics 2 7 1 ................................ C iv il E n gin eerin g 2 23 or E le c tiv e * ....................... A nnu al S u rv ey 2 3 0 * . . . . . . . P h y sica l E d u c a t io n . . . ............ 6 6 3 6 3 2 2 3 3 3 1 11 . 25 19 * y ° m en m a jorin g in C h em istry m a y su b stitu te electives fo r D raw in g, S h o p , a n d S urveying, in tta se la n g * 68 ^ rouP 2 are determ in ed b y th e s tu d e n t’s p re v io u s training COURSE A D V ISE R S A ll students are expected to confer with their respective course advisers before enrolling in classes. The professor in charge o f the m ajor subject will serve as course adviser for each student who has chosen a major subject. The President will designate the course adviser for students who have not chosen their major subjects. E X T R A W O R K DONE OUTSIDE OF CLASSES No student will be granted credit for work in excess of that regularly listed on the Enrollment Card unless permission to do so is granted by the Committee on Prescribed and Extra Work at the written request o f the course adviser. A ll students ex­ cept those desiring credit for intercollegiate debating must gain permission o f the Committee on Prescribed and Extra Work before the work is entered upon. SUMMER SCHOOL W ORK Students desiring to transfer credit in a prescribed subject from a University Summer School are required to secure the endorsement of the head o f the department concerned before entering upon the work. REM O VAL OF CONDITIONS Members of the graduating class must make up all outstanding conditions and deficiencies by the end of the first semester of the senior year, and no student whose record is not then clear shall be considered a candidate for graduation in that year. A ll conditions must be made up in the semester immediately following that in which the work reported as conditioned was done, and as early in the semester as possible; except that by special permission of the professor concerned the time for mak­ ing up the condition may be extended to the second semester following in case (1) the course for which the condition was imposed is not repeated until said second semester, and (2) it is considered necessary by the professor that the student should 52 EXEMPTION FROM EXAMINATIONS 53 make up part or all o f the class or laboratory work involved at the time the course is repeated. A ny condition not made up within a year from the time it is imposed shall thereafter have the effect upon the records of an “ E ,” i. e., complete failure, which cannot he made up. SYSTEM OF GRADES Reports of students’ work are received at the Dean’s office four times a year; at the end of each semester and at each mid­ semester. A ll grades are mailed to parents at the end of each semester, and are also given out to students at each mid-semester and the end of the first semester. The following system of marking is used by instructors: A (excellent, 100-90 per ce n t.); B (good, 89-80 per cen t.); C (fair, 79-70 per ce n t.); D (poor, 69-60 per ce n t.); E (fa ile d );. W (w ithdraw n); Cond. (Conditioned). The mark “ conditioned” shall he reported for only two rea­ sons: (1) for unsatisfactory work in a semester course in which the condition may he- removed by doing satisfactory work either in another semester course which involves the subject-matter of the first course or in the second semester of a year’s course; (2) when the work of a course is incomplete; that is, when the work done in the Course is satisfactory with the exception of a small, definite part of i t ; for example, the writing of a theme, the read­ ing of an assignment, or the taking o f a final examination. The mark “ conditioned” shall not be given to a student whose work in a course has been below the passing grade. Such a student shall be reported “ E ” (failed). When the reports of grades are filed at the Dean’s office, the exact character of the conditions imposed will be defined, and the nature of the work required to remove conditions reported in writing. The students will then be notified by the Dean of the terms of the conditions. E X E M PTIO N FROM EXAM IN ATIO N S No underclassmen shall be exempted from semester final ex­ aminations; seniors with grades of A or B at the beginning of final examinations shall be exempt in the final examinations of the second semester. 54 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN ABSEN CES FROM E X A M IN ATIO N A ny student who is absent from an examination, announce­ ment of which was made in advance of the date o f the examina­ tion, shall be given an examination at another than the scheduled hour only after presentation by the student to the instructor in charge of the course (1) of a certificate from the Committee on Absences that the student has submitted a written statement satisfactorily explaining the cause making the absence from ex­ amination imperatively necessary, and (2) of a receipt from the office o f the superintendent for a fee of $2. This fee shall be remitted only in the case of duly certified quarantine. In ease o f continuous illness the maximum fee shall be $5. No examinations in absentia shall be permitted. This rule shall be interpreted to mean that instructors shall give examina­ tions only at the college and under direct departmental super­ vision. ABSEN CES FROM CLASSES Each instructor shall make on the form provided for the pur­ pose daily reports of student absences to the office of the Dean. A ll powers of supervision and discipline over student absences are vested in a Committee on Absences to he composed of the Dean, The Dean of Women, both ex officio, and three other fac­ ulty members appointed annually by the President of the Col­ lege, who shall designate the Chairman of the Committee from among its members. In dealing with all student absences the Committee on Ab­ sences shall classify them either (a) as allowable absences, or (b) as disallowed absences. Allowable absences are absences which in the opinion of the Committee on Absences are incurred for sufficient cause. B y sufficient cause is meant any grounds for absence Which would justify failure to keep a stated business appointment; provided, however, that no absence shall be con­ sidered allowable by the Committee on Absences unless a writ­ ten explanation of it is made by the student incurring it on a form provided for this purpose at the Dean’s office. Such ex­ planation must he made by the student in advance o f the absence, when possible. Written explanations of all absences must be ABSENCES FROM CLASSES 55 filed at the Dean’s office within three college days after the absence, or such absences will be disallowed automatically. All absences not conning under the definition of allowable ab­ sences shall be considered disallowed absences subject to dis­ cipline. In the exercise o f their powers of discipline over absences of the latter character the Committee on Absences may warn students, parents, or guardians ; may place students on probation and fix the terms o f said probation; and may require students to make hours of credit for graduation in addition to the require­ ments as stated in the Catalogue ; provided that, in the case of students who reach the end of the first semester o f their senior year with a penalty of less than one full hour of credit imposed under this section, said penalty may be removed by the Com­ mittee on Absences. For the year 1919-20 students will be penalized one-half credit hour for each disallowed absence after the fifth. For each disallowed absence on days beginning or ending all vacations and holidays, including the summer vacation, students shall be required to make one half hour of credit for graduation in addition to the requirements as stated in the Catalogue. A b­ sences penalized under this section shall not be subject to dis­ cipline provided under other sections of these rules. Students shall have the right to a hearing before the Commit­ tee on Absences in cases involving the imposition of credit penal­ ties by the Committee, and the right to petition the Faculty in cases where, after such hearing has been given, they are dissatis­ fied with the decision of the Committee. In all questions involv­ ing the number of a student’s absences the reports of Instructors shall be considered authoritative. DEGREES BACHELOR OP ARTS The degree of Bachelor o f Arts is conferred upon students who have complied with the requirements for graduation as stated on pages 44 to 48. MASTER OP ARTS * 1. The degree o f Master o f Arts may be conferred upon graduates o f Swarthmore College or of other institutions of satisfactory standing who have spent at least a year in residence at this College, pursuing a systematic course of non-professional study approved by the faculty. The amount of work required o f candidates for the Master’s degree consists o f the equivalent of thirty credit hours in courses of instruction o f advanced grade, o f which at least twenty hours shall be in a major subject and the remainder in a minor subject to be approved by the professor in charge of the m ajor subject. A ll candidates must have com­ pleted the work of the m ajor subject in the undergraduate course as stated on page 47, before entering upon graduate work. No work counted fo r the first degree will he accepted for the second degree. In no case will the Master’s degree be conferred upon resident students in less than one year after the conferring of the Bachelor’s degree. It must be understood, however, that only students o f ability and maturity will be able to finish the work in one year. No person will be recommended for the Mas­ ter’s degree who shall not have attained a grade o f A or B on examination in each subject. 2. The degree may be conferred upon graduates of Swarth­ more College who have devoted one year to graduate work in residence at another college or university, and who have fulfilled the requirements indicated in the preceding section. 3. The degree may be conferred upon graduates of Swarth­ more College not in residence at any college or university, who * C a n d id a te s h o ld in g th e d e g r e e o f B a c h e lo r o f S c ie n c e , w h o h a v e fu lfille d a ll the r e q u ir e m e n ts p r e s c r ib e d f o r the d e g r e e o f M a s te r o f A r ts , m a y a t th e ir o p t io n receiv e th e d e g r e e o f M a s te r o f S c ie n c e . 56 ADVANCED DEGREES IN ENGINEERING 57 have completed a course o f non-professional advanced study ap­ proved by the faculty, substantially equivalent in kind, grade, and amount to that prescribed for the resident candidates for that degree. Courses of study will be assigned to candidates upon an application to the faculty, in which they state the sub­ jects they desire to pursue. A ll candidates in absentia must register (by correspondence, if necessary) at the beginning of each college year, and make reports to the faculty at the end o f each semester. Each candidate for the Master’s degree must prepare a satis­ factory thesis on a subject assigned by the professor in charge of the m ajor subject, and must pass a final oral examination before a committee of the faculty composed of the professors in charge o f the major and minor subjects respectively, and three other members of the faculty appointed by the President of the College. A majority vote of this committee is required for favorable recommendation to the faculty. This examination will be held only when notification of the intention to appear for examination is given-to the Dean on or before the first of April of the year in which the candidate desires to receive the degree. The thesis must be presented on or before May 25th of the year in which the candidate desires to receive the degree, and a bound copy of the thesis must be deposited in the college library by July following. Every resident candidate shall pay the regular tuition for each year of residence and a diploma fee of $5. Every non-resident candidate shall pay a registration fee of $5 and an additional fee of $20 when the degree is conferred. ADVANCED D EG REES IN CIVIL, M ECH ANICAL, AND E LE C TR IC A L ENGINEERING The advanced degrees of Mechanical Engineer (M .E .), Elec­ trical Engineer (E .E .), and Civil Engineer (C .E .), may be ob­ tained by graduates who have received their Bachelor’s degree in engineering upon the fulfilling o f the requirements given below: 1. The candidate must have been connected with practical engineering work for three years since receiving his first degree. 58 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 2. He must have had charge o f engineering work and must be in a position of responsibility and trust at the time of application. 3. He must make application and submit an outline of the thesis he expects to present, one full year before the advanced degree is to be conferred. A fter this application is made he will receive an outlined course of study to pursue during the year. 4. The thesis must be submitted for approval, and satisfactory evidence given that the reading requirement has been met one calendar month before the time of granting the degree. 5. Every candidate shall pay a registration fee of $5 and an additional fee of $20 when the degree is conferred. DEPARTM ENTS AND CO U R SE S O F IN S T R U C T IO N English The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Harold Clarke Goddard. Philip M. Hicks and Roy Petran Lingle are Assistant Professors, Esther Elizabeth Bald­ win, Raymond Morse Herrick, and Kate W . Tibbals are In­ structors. The purpose of the work in English is to impart the ability to write clear, forceful, idiomatic English, and to arouse and foster love of good literature. A special effort is made to keep in view, at all times, the application of the works studied to the life and problems o f the present day. . The requirements and electives in Composition may be seen below. O f the courses in English Literature, Course 4 fulfills the prescription in English Literature, and is a prerequisite to all other courses in English; Courses 8, 10, and 12 are open to all students who have completed Course 4 ; Courses 6, 7, 9, and 11 are open to all students who.have completed six additional hours elected from Courses 8, 10, and 12, and also, with the consent of the instructor, to Juniors and Seniors whose major subject is not English; Course 14 is open as stated under that course. 1. Composition. Assistant Professor Lingle, M iss Baldwin, M r. Herrick, and Dr. Tibbals. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the yea/r. O ffered annually. P r e s c r ib e d , in 'the F r e s h m a n y e a r , f o r all ca n d id a te s f o r g r a d u a tio n . S h o rt a n d lon g them es a n d r e g u la r c o n fe r e n c e s t h r o u g h o u t the y e a r , to g e th e r w ith a ssign ed collateral r e a d in g . 2. Second Y ear Composition. Dr. Tibbals. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 1. T h is c o u r s e co n tin u e s , a lo n g m o r e a d v a n c e d lin e s, th e w o r k o f the F r e s h m a n y e a r , em p h a sis b e in g p la c e d u p o n e x p o s ito r y w r itin g . 3. Narrative W ritin g. Professor Goddard. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea/r. Offered annually. O p en o n ly to th ose w h o h a v e a tta in e d a g r a d e o f A o r B in C o u rs e s 1, o r 2 . T h e ch ie f em p h a sis o f th is c o u r s e is o n th e s h o r t s t o r y ; th e a n a ly s is o f its s tr u ctu re an d p ra ctice in w r it in g it. I n the s e c o n d s e m e s te r s om e tim e is d e v o te d t o the w r it in g o f on e-a ct p la y s . (S e e , also, u n d e r C o u r s e 1 4 .) 59 60 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 4. General Introduction to English Literature. A ssistant Professor Lingle, M iss Baldwin, M r. Herrick, and D r. Tibbals. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea/r. O ffered annually. T h e firs t se m e ste r o f C o u r s e 4 is d e v o te d , in th e m a in , t o a s tu d y o f v a r io u s liter­ a r y typ es. R e p r e s e n ta tiv e e x a m p le s o f ly r ic a n d n a r r a t iv e p o e tr y , o f th e d ra m a , novel, a n d e s sa y a r e d is c u s s e d a n d c r it ic is e d in th e cla ss ro o m . T h e s e c o n d sem ester is given to a r a p i d s u r v e y o f th e h is to r y o f E n g lis h lite r a tu r e fr o m t h e A n g lo -S a x o n to the V ic t o r ia n p e r io d . A la r g e a m o u n t o f c o lla te r a l r e a d in g a n d fr e q u e n t w r itte n reports a r e r e q u ir e d d u r in g b o th sem esters. C o u rs e 4 is p r e s c r ib e d in th e F r e s h m a n ' y e a r , f o r all ca n d id a te s f o r g r a d u a tio n , and is p r e r e q u is ite t o all o th e r c o u r s e s in E n g lis h . 6. Chaucer. Professor Goddard. T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 92 0 -1 9 2 1 A f t e r a n in t r o d u c to r y s tu d y o f M id d le E n g lis h g r a m m a r a n d p h o n o lo g y , C o u rs e 6 is d e v o te d to a c a r e fu l r e a d in g o f a n u m b e r o f th e C anterbury Tales, s e v e ra l o f the M in o r P o e m s , a n d th e Troilus and C riseyde, B r i e f s e le c tio n s a re r e a d fr o m the w orks o f L a n g la n d a n d o th e r w r it e r s o f th e p e r io d . C o u r s e 6 m u s t b e c o n tin u e d t h r o u g h o u t th e y e a r . 7. The English Drama. Assistant Professor Lingle. T h ree hou rs a w eek throughout the y ea r . O ffered annually. C o u r s e 7 d e a ls w it h a s e le c te d p e r io d o r a s p e ct o f th e E n g lis h d ra m a . 1 9 1 9 - 2 0 : T h e D e v e lo p m e n t o f th e D r a m a . S u b je c t fo r C o u r s e 7 m u s t b e c o n tin u e d th r o u g h o u t th e y e a r . 8. Shakespeare. M r. Herrick. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered annually. A c r it ic a l s tu d y o f s e v e r a l se le c te d p la y s o f S h a k e sp e a re a n d m o r e r a p id re a d in g o f th e re s t o f h is w o r k s . C o u rs e 8 m u s t b e c o n tin u e d t h r o u g h o u t th e y e a r . 9. Prose Fiction. Professor Goddard. T h ree hours a w eek du ring the first sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . C o u r s e 9 d e a ls w ith a se le c te d p e r io d o r a s p e ct o f E n g lis h fictio n , o r tak es u p in m o r e d eta il th e w o r k s o f a s in g le a u th o r. 10. English Poetry. Assistant Professor Lingle. T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h e w o r k o f th is 1 c o u r s e is d e v o t e d t o th e E n g lis h p o e ts o f a s e le c te d p e r io d , the em p h a sis b e in g p la c e d o n th e in te r p r e ta tio n o f in d iv id u a l m a s te rp ie ce s r a t h e r th a n on th e s tu d y o f lite r a r y m o v e m e n ts. S u b je c t f o r 1 9 1 9 - 2 0 : V ic t o r ia n P o e t r y . C o u r s e 1 0 m u s t b e c o n tin u e d th r o u g h o u t th e y e a r . 11. English Prose. Professor Goddard and Dr. Tibbals. T h ree hours a w eek th roughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h e p u r p o s e o f C o u rs e 1 1 is t o p r e s e n t th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f E n g lis h th o u g h t a n d o f th e r e lig io u s , s o c ia l a n d p o lit ic a l id e a ls o f th e E n g lis h p e o p le , a s e m b o d ie d in th e prose lite r a tu r e o f a s e le c te d p e r io d . I n 1 9 1 9 -2 0 tw o c o u r s e s in E n g lis h P r o s e a re o ffe r e d : 1 1 ( a ) S o c ia l I d e a ls in C on­ t e m p o r a r y P r o s e , b y P r o fe s s o r G o d d a r d ; a n d 1 1 ( b ) V ic t o r ia n P r o s e , b y D r . T ibbals. C o u r s e 1 1 m u s t b e c o n tin u e d th r o u g h o u t th e y e a r . DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 61 12. American Literature. Miss Baldwin. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . A s u r v e y o f the h is to r y o f A m e r ic a n lite r a tu r e , e m p h a sis b e in g p la c e d u p o n the nin eteen th c e n tu r y a n d u p o n le a d in g w r ite rs . 14. Special Topics. Professor Goddard. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T he p u r p o s e o f C o u r s e 1 4 is to .c o v e r p e r io d s a n d t o p ic s n o t fu lly tre a te d in the other c o u rs e s o f the d ep a rtm e n t, a n d t o o ffe r, also, o p p o r t u n it y f o r th e d e taile d stu dy o f selected a u th ors. C o u rs e 1 4 is c o n d u c t e d o n th e s e m in a ry p la n a n d is in te n d e d p r im a r ily f o r S e n io rs m a jo rin g in E n g lis h ; it is o p e n to o th e rs o n ly b y s p e c ia l p e rm is s io n . I n 1 9 1 9 -2 0 a cou rse in A d v a n c e d C om p o s itio n , o p e n to th ose w h o h a v e h a d C o u r s e 3 , w ill he o ffe re d in c o n n e c tio n w it h C o u r s e 1 4. The Philadelphia libraries of particular value in connection with work in the department of English are the following \ the Library o f the University of Pennsylvania; the Philadelphia Library; the Mercantile Library; the Free !Library of Phila­ delphia. Public Speaking The instruction in Public Speaking, given by Assistant Pro­ fessor Philip M. Hicks, is designed to develop and train the voice as an efficient instrument of self-expression and literary inter­ pretation, and to give training in the principles and practice of effective public speaking. In the belief that frequent practice in speaking is the requisite for the best results, the work is arranged mainly in one hour courses to meet the needs o f students who may desire to continue this practice throughout their college term. The classes meet in small sections in order that each student may receive the personal criticism o f the instructor. 15. The Voice. Assistant Professor Hicks. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the y e w . O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h e a im o f th is c o u r s e is to d e v e lo p a n d str e n g th e n th e v o ic e a c c o r d in g to the in d iv id u a l n e e d s o f th e s tu de n ts, to m a k e it a s e rv ice a b le in s tr u m e n t f o r s p e a k in g a n d fo r th e in te r p r e ta tio n o f lite r a tu r e . S tu d e n ts a re r e q u ir e d to r e a d a n d t o d e liv er m em orized s e le c tio n s b e fo r e th e cla ss. Cumnock*8 Choice R eadings. 16. Interpretation. Assistant Professor Hicks. T w o hour8 a w eek throughout the year. A fu r th e r s tu d y o f th e e x p r e s s io n o f lite r a r y fo r m s O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . f o r s tu d e n ts w h o h a ve co m ­ pleted C o u r s e 1 5 . L y r i c a n d d r a m a tic v e r s e , p r o s e d ra m a a n d n a rr a tiv e s a r e g iv e n special em p h a sis. A co n s id e r a b le p o r t io n o f th e tim e is d e v o te d t o th e s tu d y a n d p res en ta tion o f o n e -a c t p la y s . 62 SWARTH MORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 17. Extempore Speaking. Assistant Professor Hicks. One hour a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. T h is c o u r s e is d e s ig n e d t o h elp stu d e n ts a c q u ir e the a b ility to p r e s e n t th e ir ow n id e a s cle a rly a n d e ffe ctiv e ly . R e p r e s e n ta tiv e s p e e c h e s o f b u s in e ss a n d p rofession a l m e n a r e s tu d ie d , a n d s tu d e n ts p r e s e n t s h o r t spe e ch e s b e fo r e the cla ss e a ch week. E xtem poraneous Speaking, P e a r s o n a n d H ic k s . 18. Argument. Assistant Professor Hicks. O ne hour a w eek throughout the year. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. T h is c o u r s e c o n tin u e s th e w e e k ly p r a c t ic e in s p e a k in g , b u t is co n fin e d to the field o f in fo r m a l d eb ate. F o s te r ’s Argu m en tation and D eba tin g fu r n is h e s th e g r o u n d w ork f o r the c o u r s e a n d the speech es tak e the fo r m o f d is c u s s io n s o f q u e s tio n s o f cu rren t in terest. 19. Persuasion. Assistant Professor Hicks. O ne hour a w e ek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 91 9 -2 0. T h is c o u r s e a im s to fa m ilia r iz e s tu d e n ts w ith the e m p lo y m e n t o f th e v a r io u s m eth­ o d s o f p e r s u a s io n u s e d in a p p e a lin g t o a n a u d ie n ce . S co tt, P sych ology o f Public Speaking. A m o n g th e to p ic s t re a te d a re m e n ta l im a g e ry , s u g g e stio n , th e em otions, the c r o w d , a n d m e m o r y .* W e e k ly p r a c t ic e in s p e a k in g is co n tin u e d . 20. History of Oratory. Assistant-Professor Hicks. O ne hour a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 91 9 -2 0. A s u r v e y o f the d e v e lo p m e n t a n d p r a c t ic e o f th e a r t o f P u b lic S p e a k in g , in clu d in g th e liv e s a n d w o r k s o f th e g r e a t m a s te rs o f o r a t o r y , p r e s e n te d in le ctu re s b y the in s tr u c t o r a n d s u p p le m e n te d b y r e s e a r c h b y th e s tu de n ts. IN T E R C O L L E G IA T E DEBATE Students enrolling for Intercollegiate Debate may receive from one to three hours’ credit at the discretion of the instructor, de­ pending upon the quality of the work done. Candidates for the debate squad must complete all required reading and attend weekly practice during the debating season. The debates are held under the supervision of the Debate Board, an undergraduate body including all students who have represented the college in forensic contests, and the coach of the debate teams. Teams are chosen to defend both sides of the question, which is selected soon after the opening of college. Public Speaking Contests and Prizes The Swarthmore Chapter of Delta Sigma Rho, the national honorary forensic society, elects to membership each spring stu­ dents who have done distinguished work in debate and other pub­ lic speaking contests. To be eligible students must have engaged in forensic activities for two years and must have represented the college in an intercollegiate contest. DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 63 The public speaking contests, which are conducted by the De­ bate Board, are designed to bring out the ability of the students and to stimulate interest in forensic events. The Oratorical Contest, open to all students, is held in Janu­ ary to select Swarthmore’s representative for the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Oratorical Union, in which contest Lafayette, Lehigh, Ursinus, Muhlenberg, and Franklin and Marshall colleges are competitors. The Delta TJpsilon Prize o f $25 is also awarded to the winner of the local contest. The sum of $500 has been given to the College by Owen Moon, Jr., Class of 1894, the interest from which is to be used for this purpose. The Ella Frances Bunting Prizes for the Extemporaneous Speaking Contests are provided by a gift of $1,000 from E. M. Bunting, o f New York. Two prizes of $25 are offered, one con­ tested for by the men and one by the women students. The Phi Kappa Psi Prizes in oratory, offered by the local chapter o f that fraternity, are open to competition among pre­ paratory schools. The Gontest is held at the College annually on the first Saturday in May. The Potter Prize Contest for Extemporaneous Debate is open to all students and prizes of $12, $8 and $5 are offered for the best individual speeches. This contest was founded by the late Justice Wm. P. Potter, and is continued as a memorial to him by his family. French and Spanish The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Isabelle Bronk. Dr. Lander MacClintock is Assistant Professor, Mercedes C. Iribas is Assistant, and Marcelle H. Achard and Geneviève M. E. L. Tarby are Student Assistants. The courees of study in French are designed to afford a high degree o f literary culture, as well as to impart thorough train­ ing in the grammar and linguistics of the language. Until the end of the second year, the authors studied are all selected from those o f modern times, and the greatest attention is given to colloquial French. The student is then ready to be brought into contact with the more artificial (rhetorical) forms o f ex- 64 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN pression constantly occurring in the higher grades of literature. The fact that French is a living tongue is kept ever in view. F or this reason but little English is used in the classroom. Free composition, dictation, memorizing, and. conversation are re­ quired throughout the courses. Much attention is given to pro­ nunciation, and the relations o f modern French to classical, popular, and low Latin are brought often before the students. The course in Spanish is arranged with a view to giving, as far as possible, a practical knowledge o f this language, and also some idea of the modem literature of Spain. From eleven to fourteen courses in French are given each year. The class in Course 21 is divided into three sections, the class in Course 22 into four. Students who are prepared in Elementary French (see page 64) enter Course 22; those who are prepared in Advanced French (see page 65) enter Courses 23 and 24. Students who elect French as a m ajor study are required to complete the work o f five full years, or thirty “ hours,” and to take Course 30. The first semester’s work in Elementary French and Elemen­ tary Spanish will not be accepted toward a degree unless followed by the work o f the secbnd semester in the same language. Some of the lists of works studied, as given below, are subject to a slight modification. 21. Elementary French. Clintoek. Professor Bronk and Assistant Professor Mac- T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the yea/r. O ffered a/nnuaUy. T h is c o u r s e is in t e n d e d f o r th o s e w h o b e g in F r e n c h i n co lle g e . I t s a im is t o enable th e s tu d e n ts to r e a d o r d in a r y F r e n c h w it h ea se, to u n d e r s t a n d to s o m e e x te n t the lan ­ g u a g e w h e n s p o k e n , a n d to fo r m sim p le s e n te n ce s , b o th o r a l a n d w r itte n . F r a s e r a n d S q u a ir , F ren ch Gramm ar, P a r t I , a n d A lle n a n d S ch o e ll, F ren ch L ife ; o r D e S a u zé, Oours P ra tiq u e. O p e n t o a ll s tu de n ts. 22. Beading of Ninetenth Century Prose and Poetry, Grammar, and Com­ position. Professor Bronk, Assistant Professor MacClintock, and Mademoiselle Achard. T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the y ea r. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is d e s ig n e d to s u p p le m e n t a n d e x te n d C o u r s e 2 1 . P r o s e c o m p o s itio n and d r ill u p o n th e es se n tia l p r in c ip le s o f th e g r a m m a r a re c o n t in u e d ; m u c h a tten tion is g iv e n to id io m s a n d s y n o y n m s ; th e r e a d in g b e co m e s m o r e r a p i d ; a n d F r e n c h is m ade a lm o s t e x c lu s iv e ly th e la n g u a g e o f t h e c la s s ro o m . A s u r v e y is a lso ta k e n o f the d iffe r e n t lite r a r y m o v e m e n ts w h ic h p r e v a ile d i n F r a n c e d u r in g the n in e te e n th cen tu ry, a n d o f t h e ir ca u s e s a n d e ffe cts. DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 65 F ra s er a n d S q u a ir , F ren ch Grammar, P a r t I I . A s ta n d a r d P ro s e Com position. Selected w o r k s o f B a lz a c , B a z in , C la re tie ( V o l. V I , M a gffl’ s s e r ie s ) , O o p p é e , E r c k m an n-G h atrian, D a u d e t, P r a n c e ( V o l. I l l , M a g ill’ s s e r i e s ) , H u g o , M a u p a ss a n t, M érim ée, o r oth ers. P re r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 2 1 . 23. Seventeenth Century History and Literature. Professor Bronk. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea/r. O ffered annually. T his c o u r s e is c o n d u c t e d m a in ly in F ren ch . P a r t ic u la r a tte n tio n is g iv e n t o the social as w e ll a s to th e lite r a r y te n d e n c ie s o f th e tim e , a n d th e s tu d e n ts p re s e n t reports u p o n p e r t in e n t t o p ic s , as w e ll as a bstra cts o f th e w o r k s r e a d . L e ctu r e s o n th e h is to r y a n d s o cie ty o f th e s e v e n te e n th c e n tu r y . C o rn e ille , L e Cid and H o r a c e ; M o liè re , L es P récieu ses ridicules a n d L e B ou rg eois G entilhom m e; R a c in e , ind rom aque a n d A th a lie; L a F o n ta in e , Fables ( e d . H a c h e t t e ). P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 2 2 . 24. Advanced Prose Composition. Assistant Professor MaeClintock. T w o hours a w e ek du ring the yea r. O ffered a/nnually. T h e a im o f th is c o u r s e is t o g iv e in c r e a s e d fa c ilit y i n th e w r it in g a n d speaking^ o f the F r e n c h la n g u a g e , b y m e a n s o f in te n s iv e s tu d y o f ch o s e n m o d e ls a n d tra n s la tio n and p a r a p h r a s e o f E n g lis h in t o F r e n c h . M u c h fr e e c o m p o s itio n is a lso r e q u ir e d . F requ en t c o n fe r e n c e p e r io d s c a r e f o r th e students* in d iv id u a l n e e d s . K or en , F ren ch C om position; H ill a n d S m ith , A d va nced F ren ch Composition. 25. Seventeenth Century Prose. Assistant Professor MaeClintock. T w o hours a w eek during one sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h is c o u r s e i s c o n d u c t e d in F r e n c h . I n fo r m a l le c tu r e s a r e g iv e n a n d these a re a ccom p a n ied b y d is c u s s io n s o f th e w o r k s s tu d ie d , b y co lla te r a l r e a d in g , a n d b y reports. _ . , , S election s fr o m D e s c a r te s , D iscou rs de la M éth od e; fr o m P a s c a l, L e s P rovincia les and P en s é e s ; fr o m L a R o c h e fo u c a u ld , M a xim es; fr o m B o s s u e t, Oraisons fu n èb res; froin M a d a m e de S é v ig n é , L e ttr e s ; a n d fr o m L a B r u y è r e , L e s C aractères. P re r e q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 23 and 24. 26. Modern French Comedy. Assistant Professor MaeClintock. T w o hours a w eek during one sem ester. T h e m a s te rp ie ce s o f a b o u t fifte e n r e p r e s e n ta tiv e d ra m a tists O ffered ftt 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . a r e s tu d ie d , a tte n tio n b ein g fix e d p a r t ic u la r ly u p o n th e d iffe r e n t m a n n e r s i n w h ic h th e y r e fle c t co n te m ­ p o ra ry life . A c o m p a r is o n is a lso m a d e o f t h e ir v a r io u s sty les. T h e w o r k is in F ren ch . 27. Modern France. Assistant Professor MaeClintock. Tw o hours a w eek du ring one sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h is c o u r s e is in t e n d e d to a c q u a in t th e s tu d e n t w it h F r a n c e as th a t c o u n t r y is to ­ day, a n d e s p e c ia lly w it h its in te lle c tu a l, a r tis tic , a n d p o lit ic a l life . M o d e r n F r e n c h h istory is o u tlin e d , th e o r g a n iz a t io n o f F r e n c h s o c ie ty is c o n s id e r e d , m u s ic a n d p a in tin g a re d is c u s s e d , a n d th e g r e a t s o c ia l m o ve m e n ts s tu d ie d . F r e e d is c u s s io n is en c o u ra g e d . T h e cla s s r o o m w o r k is m a in ly i n F r e n c h . 28. Victor Hugo. Professor Bronk. O ne hour a w eek during one sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . A s tu d y o f h is life a n d w o r k s , b y m e a n s o f se le c te d r e a d in g s , le ctu re s , a n d r e f e r ­ ence w o r k . T h è c o u r s e is g iv e n in F r e n c h . 66 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 29. Lyric Poetry and Versification. Professor Bronk. One hour a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1918-19 A s tu d y o f ly r ic p o e t r y fr o m V illo n t o the e n d o f th e n in e te e n th c e n tu r y . A n ex­ a m in a tio n o f F r e n c h v e r s e -s tr u ctu r e fr o m its o r ig in t o th e p re s e n t. T h e w o r k is given i n F r e n c h . C a n fie ld ’ s L y ric s is u s e d as a te x tb o o k a n d is s u p p le m e n te d b y further r e a d in g fr o m th e p o e ts stu d ie d . P r e r e q u is ite , C o u rs e s 2 3 a n d 2 4 . 30. Outline Course in French Literature. Professor Bronk. T w o hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered in 1919-20. T h is c o u r s e is d e s ig n e d as a r e v ie w a n d e x te n s io n o f th e c o u r s e s in literature a lr e a d y p u r s u e d . M u c h a tte n tio n is d e v o te d to the lite r a r y m o n u m e n ts o f th e Old F r e n c h p e r io d , th ese b e in g r e a d a s f a r a s p o ss ib le in M o d e r n F r e n c h translations. T h e lite r a tu r e o f the R e n a is s a n c e is th e n ta k e n u p , a fte r w h ic h co n s id e r a tio n is g iv e n to th e m o v e m e n ts a n d te n d e n c ie s o f la te r tim es, th e d iffe r e n t w r it e r s a n d their w o r k s . T h e o u ts id e r e a d in g is b o th w id e a n d v a r ie d . T h is c o u r s e is c o n d u c te d in F r e n c h , b y m e a n s o f le ctu re s , c o lla te r a l r e a d in g , r e p o r ts , a n d r e s e a r c h w o r k . Pelliss ier. L ittéra tu re fra nça ise , is u s e d as a h a n d b o o k . O p en to a d v a n c e d stu d e n ts w h o a re able la n g u a g e . C re d it f o r th re e h o u r s is g iv e n . to speak and u n d e r s ta n d th e F ren ch 31. History of the Novel. Professor Bronk. T w o hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered in 1918-19. T h e F r e n c h n o v e l is h e r e c o n s id e r e d b o th in its o r ig in s a n d d e v e lo p m e n t a n d in its p o r t r a itu r e o f life . M o r illo t’ s L e R om an en F ra n ce depuis 1 610 ju sq u ’à, nos jou rs is u s e d as a te x tb o o k , a n d a b o u t fifte e n re p re s e n ta tiv e n o v e ls a re r e a d b y the students o u ts id e o f th e cla ss . T h e c o u r s e is c o n d u c t e d in F r e n c h a n d o n th e s e m in a r y plan . O p en to a d v a n c e d s tu d e n ts w ith a f a ir ly g o o d co m m a n d o f F r e n c h . 32. Balzac. Professor Bronk. One hour a w eek du ring one sem ester. O ffered in 1919-20. A . s u r v e y o f the n o v e l ta F r a n c e a n d a s tu d y o f B a lz a c ’ s re p re s e n ta tiv e w o r k s . In F ren ch . 33. Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Professor Bronk. O ne hour a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. A th o r o u g h s tu d y o f th e liv e s a n d w o r k s o f these t w o w r ite rs . 34. Practical Phonetics. Assistant Professor MacClintock. O ne hour a w eek th roughout the yea r. O ffered in 191 7 -1 8. A s tu d y o f F r e n c h p r o n u n c ia t io n , b a s e d u p o n M a tzk e ’ s A P rim er o f F rench P ro­ nunciation. T h is c o u r s e is e s p e c ia lly d e s ig n e d f o r th ose p r e p a r in g to te a c h F re n ch . 35. Elementary French Conversation. Assistant Professor MacClintock. O ne hour a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered annually. 36. Advanced French Conversation. Mademoiselle Tarby. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. 37. French Conversation and Letter Writing. Mademoiselle Tarby. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. 38. Advanced French Reading and Pronunciation. Mademoiselle Aehard. One hour a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered 'in 1 91 9 -2 0. DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 39. Elementary Spanish. 67 Miss Iribas. T h ree h om e a w eek throughout the year. Offered annually. T his c o u r s e a im s to g iv e a k n o w le d g e o f the e sse n tia ls o f S p a n is h g r a m m a r, the ability to r e a d o r d in a r y S p a n is h w ith ease, a n d s o m e p r a c t ic e in co n v e rs a tio n . H ills a n d P o r d , F irst Spanish Course-, W ilk in s a n d L u r ia , L ectura s F á ciles; V a le ra , El Pájaro verde. The French Library is supplied with the treatises and books of reference necessary to illustrate the courses given. It is en­ riched annually by important additions. Occasional public lectures are given by French scholars or men and women of note. The Cercle Français meets from time to time during the aca­ demic year. German Language and Literature The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Clara Price Newport. Edna Harriet Richards is In­ structor. The elementary courses of study, in this department are de­ signed primarily to equip the student with a working knowl­ edge of the German language as a key to the treasures of Ger­ man science, philosophy, and literature, and the more advanced courses are intended to impart a knowledge of the development of German literature and to foster appreciation of its master­ pieces. In the classroom, translation into English is discontinued as soon as possible and expressive reading of the German text is substituted, and German is made the classroom language as early as possible. The idiomatic sentence and modern colloquial language form the basis of the work in composition. Reading and translation at sight are cultivated. The attainment of a correct literary understanding and of genuine appreciation of some of the best things in German literature is regarded as the highest aim. Other texts may at times be substituted for some of those indicated. The first semester’s work in Courses 41, 42, 4 2 ^ , 43, and 49 will not be accepted toward a degree unless followed by the work of the second semester. 68 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 41. Elementary German. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year.. O ffered annually. S ch ra k a m p , E rnest es un d H e ite r e s ; V o s , E ssentials o f G erm an ; B ie r w ir t h and H e r r ic k , Ä h ren lese; L e a n d e r , T rä u m erien ; S to r m , Im m en see; B a u m b a c h , D e r Schwieg­ ersohn. P e r s is te n t t r a in in g in c o m p o s itio n , c o n v e r s a tio n , a n d e x p r e ss iv e re a d in g . 42; Advanced German. Miss Richards. T h ree hours a w eek throughout th e year. O ffered annually. R e v ie w o f g r a m m a r, p r a c t ic e in c o m p o s itio n , co n v e r s a tio n , a n d e x p r e s s iv e reading, a n d , p r in c ip a lly , r e a d in g o f s om e r e c e n t s h o r t sto r ie s , o f a r e p r e s e n ta tiv e m odern p la y , o f ly r ic s a n d b a lla d s, a n d o f o n e o f S ch ille r’ s m a s te rp ie ce s. P r e r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 4 1 o r e q u iva le n t. 42%. Nineteenth Century Prose and Drama. Professor Newport. T h is c o u r s e c o v e r s w o r k e q u iv a le n t to th a t o f the s e c o n d s em ester o f C o u rs e 4 2 and a n a d d itio n a l sem ester w h ic h in c lu d e s p ro s e a n d d ra m a o f th e n in e te e n th ce n tu ry . P r e r e q u is ite , T h r e e y e a r s o f G e r m a n in h ig h sch o o l. 43. Lessing—Schiller. Miss Richards. T h ree hours a w eek throughout th e yea r. O ffered annually. A s u r v e y o f the liv e s a n d w o r k o f these a u th o rs w it h s p e c ia l a tte n tio n to L e s ­ s in g ’ s M inna v on B arnhelm , Emilia Galotti, a n d N athan d er W eise, D ie Erziehung des M enschengesehlechts, a n d t o S ch ille r’ s b alla d s a n d p o e m s, se le cte d p r o s e w ritin g s, a n d fiv e o f th e dra m as. P r e r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 4 2 or e q u iv a le n t. 44. Goethe. Professor Newport. ‘ T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. G oeth e’ s W erk e, Goldene K lassiker-B ibliothek. A c a r e fu l s tu d y o f G oeth e’ s life an d w o r k s . C o n d u c t e d in G e rm a n . P r e r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 4 3 o r e q u iv a le n t. 45. Middle High German. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w eek , first semester. S u r v e y o f th e o r ig in a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f G e r m a n , a n d tr a n s la tio n in t o m od ern G e r m a n o f s u c h M id d le H ig h G e r m a n m a s te rp ie ce s as N ibelungenlied, D e r arme H ein­ rich, and Parzival: P r e r e q u is ite , flu e n c y in r e a d in g m odern G erm an. 46. Outline Course in German Literature. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the y ea r. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . A g e n e r a l h is to r ic a l s u r v e y o f G e rm a n lite r a tu r e . P r e r e q u is ite , a b ility to r e a d r a p id ly a n d a cc u r a te ly a n d to co m p r e h e n d le ctu re s in German* 47. Teachers ’ Course. Miss Richards. T w o hours a w eek , second semester. P h o n e tic s a n d the A m e r ic a n t e a c h e r ’ s s ta n d a r d in G e r m a n p r o n u n c ia t io n an d s y n ta x . A d v a n c e d g r a m m a r, s tu d y o f id io m s a n d s y n o n y m s , a n d a d v a n c e d c o m p o si­ t io n . C la s sr o o m G e r m a n , te x tb o o k s a n d o th e r t e a c h in g m a te ria l, a n d m eth od s o f m o d e r n la n g u a g e te a c h in g . 48. Exhaustive Study of Some Author. Miss Richards. O ne hour a w eek , second sem ester. C o n d u c te d in O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . G e r m a n a n d in te n d e d f o r s tu d e n ts m a jo r in g in G e r m a n . 69 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 49. Scientific German. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. W a lle n tin , G rundzuge d er N a turlehre; S ch o lz, G erm an S cien ce R ea d e r; W a it , G er­ man S cien ce R ea d e r; D ip p o ld , A Scientific Germ an R ea der. F o r stu d e n ts m a jo r in g in p u r e a n d a p p lie d s c ie n c e . T h is c o u r s e p r e p a r e s th e s tu d e n t t o r e a d th e n e w m aterial a lo n g s cie n tific lin e s w h ic h is co n tin u a lly c o m in g o u t in G e r m a n b o o k s an d p eriod ica ls. P re r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 4 2 o r e q u iva le n t. 50. German Composition and Conversation. Miss Richards. Tw o hour s a w eek , first sem ester. T h e w o r k ' con sists fir s t o f co m p o s itio n b a s e d o n a text, a n d la te r o f le tte r a n d them e w r it in g . I t is s u p p le m e n te d b y d icta tio n , o r a l o r w r itte n r e p r o d u c t io n o f sh ort stories r e a d o r to ld to th e cla ss, m e m o r iz in g o f p r a ç t ic a l lite r a r y se le ctio n s, a n d o f re a d in g a n d d is c u s s io n o f item s in G e r m a n n e w sp a p e rs . P re r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 4 2 o r eq u iva le n t. 51. German Poetry in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Richards. Miss T w o hours a w eek , second sem ester. T h is c o u r s e is in te n d e d f o r the r a p id r e a d in g o f the b est G e r m a n ly r ic s a n d b allads o f t h e p e r io d c o v e r e d . P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 42 or e q u iv a le n t. 52. Recent German Literature. Professor Newport. Q ne hou r a w eek, second sem ester. A r a p id r e a d in g cou rse in im p o r ta n t m o d e r n O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . a u th o rs . N o t o p e n to stu d en ts w h o h a v e ta k e n G e r m a n c o u rs e s b e y o n d C o u rse 4 4. 53. German Literature- in the Eighteenth Century. Professor Newport. T w o hours a w eek throughout the year. A c a r e fu l s tu d y o f the life , th o u g h t, a rt, a n d lite r a tu r e , a n d o f the lite r a r y r e la ­ tion s o f G e r m a n y to E n g la n d a n d F r a n c e , d u r in g th is c e n tu r y . I n th e fir s t sem ester the w o r k w ill c e n te r a r o u n d th e “ S to r m a n d S tre ss P e r io d ” a n d in th e s e co n d sem ester a r o u n d th e “ R o m a n t ic M o v e m e n t.” 54. The German Novel. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w eek , second semester. H is t o r y a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f the G e r m a n p resen tation o f th eses a n d d isc u ss io n s . P re r e q u is ite , flu e n c y in r e a d in g and n o v e l, s p e a k in g w ith ex te n s iv e r e a d in g and the G e rm a n . 55. The German Drama in the Nineteenth Century. Professor Newport. T h ree hours a w eek, first sem ester. T h e d e v elop m en t o f the d r a m a in G e r m a n y s in c e the p la y s o f G oethe a n d S ch iller, w ith s p e c ia l a tten tion t o K le ist, G r illp a rz e r, H e b b e l, L u d w ig , A n z e n g r u b e r , H a u p t ­ m ann, a n d S u d e r m a n n . P re r e q u is ite , flu e n c y in r e a d in g a n d s p e a k in g G erm a n . 56. German ctKultur. ’ 9 Professor Newport. O ne hour a w eek throughout the year. T h is c o u r s e a im s to g iv e a c le a r c o n c e p tio n o f th e e c o n o m ic , p o litica l, a n d in tel­ lectual h is to r y o f C e n t r a l E u r o p e . T h e n in e te e n th c e n tu ry , as a p e r io d o f r a p id changes, e n g a g e s the m a in p a r t o f th e a tte n tio n o f the cla ss . F o r this c o u r s e a r e a d ­ ing k n o w le d g e o f G e r m a n is d e sir a b le , b u t n o t n e c e ss a r y . 70 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN A German club known as Deutscher Verein exists as a student organization under guidance of the department, and meets regularly for instructive and entertaining literary and musical programs, for practice in conversation, and for social enjoyment. Students who desire it are given an opportunity to carry on, under direction, correspondence with students in Germany. Facilities in Philadelphia and vicinity of especial value to work in the department of German are as follows: the general and special libraries o f Swarthmore College, Uniyersity of Pennsylvania, Haverford, Bryn Mawr, Drexel Institute, Phila­ delphia Public Library; Germanic collections of the museums in Memorial Hall, Drexel Institute, University of Pennsylvania Museum; services in German at several churches; several daily and weekly newspapers; lectures at the German Society. Greek and Latin The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Henrietta Josephine Meeteer. Ethel Hampson Brew­ ster is Assistant Professor of Greek and Latin. The aim of the department is primarily to create an apprecia­ tion of the masterpieces pf Greek and Latin literature and to trace their influence upon modern thought and letters; atten­ tion is given to the political institutions of both Greece and Rome and their survival in present times, to philosophy and religion, to private and social life, and to art and architecture as exemplified by existing remains in sculpture and painting and in private and public buildings. Use is made of illustrative material belonging to the College, and of the collections in the University Museum in Philadelphia. In connection with Courses 70 and 76 a visit is made each year to the Metropolitan Museum of New York. Special'attention is called to Courses 61 and 62 in Greek and 71 in Latin, which are provided for those who, previous to en­ tering college, have not been able to complete the preparatory work required for admission to the Freshman courses. Students who enter College with four years of Latin will elect Course 72; those who enter with two or three years of Greek will elect Course 64. 71 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION The attention of all students is called to Course 69b in Greek Literature in English, to Course 70 in the Art of the Greeks, to Course 73e in Roman Literature in English, and to Course 76 in the Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome; for these courses a knowledge of Greek or Latin is not required. A Teachers’ Course in Latin (78) is offered for Seniors who expect to take positions as teachers of Latin and Greek in public and preparatory schools. Those who elect this course must be­ fore the end of the Senior year have pursued at least Courses 72a, 72b, 73a, 73b, 73c, 75,- and 76 ; the head of the department will recommend as teachers of Latin only those who have completed these courses satisfactorily. Such students are expected also to take at least Course 61 in Greek. Students desiring detailed information concerning the courses in Greek and Latin are invited to consult with the instructors. GREEK 61. Beginners* Course, Grammar; reading of Xenophon, Anabasis, Book I. Professor Meeteer. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is p r o v id e d f o r th ose w h o h a v e n o t h a d a n o p p o r t u n it y o f s tu d y in g elem entary G r eek in th e p r e p a r a t o r y sch o o l. 62. Xenophon, Anabasis, Books II-IY, and selected readings. Meeteer. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. Professor O ffered annually. A c o n tin u a tio n o f C o u rs e 6 1 . S tu d e n ts w h o co m p le te th is c o u r s e a re a d m itte d in the s e c o n d s em ester to C o u r s e 63. 63. Homer, Odyssey. Professor Meeteer. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. T h e ea rlier h o o k s w ill h e r e a d e n tire a n d p o r t io n s o f the la te r h ook s. 64. (a) Selected Dialogues of Plato, including the Crito, Apology, and Phcedo. Lectures on the doctrines of the various schools of Greek philosophy. Professor Meeteer. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. S tu den ts w h o e n te r c olle g e w ith at le a st t w o y e a r s o f G r e e k ele ct th is co u rse . 64. (b) Greek tragedy, JEschylus, Prometheus; Sophocles, Antigone; Euri­ pides, Alcestis. Some time will be devoted to a study of the Greek theatre. . Professor Meeteer. T h ree hours a w eek du ring the second sem ester. O ffered annually. [T h e fo llo w in g w o r k s w ill he r e a d in 1 9 2 0 - 2 1 : J E sch ylu s, S etp em ; S o p h o cle s, Oedipus Tyranny*; E uripides, Iphigeneia in Tauris.\ 72 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 65. (a) Historical Prose; selected books of Herodotus and Thucydides; some account of the early Greek historians. Professor Meeteer. T w o hour8 a w e ek du ring the first*sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0. 65. (b) Theocritus and Bucolic Poetry. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0. 66. (a) Demosthenes and the Attic Orators. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1. 66. (b) Selections from the Lyric Poets. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek du ring the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 92 0 -2 1. 68. Greek Prose Composition. Professor Meeteer. Tw o hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 92 0 -2 1. T h e p u r p o s e o f th is c o u r s e is t o g iv e fa c ilit y i n th e w r it in g o f s im p le G r e e k prose. 69. (a) The New Testament. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek during th e first sem ester. T h e p e c u lia r itie s fr o m a “ h a r m o n y ” O ffered as required. o f H e lle n is t ic G r e e k w ill b e p o in t e d o u t. T h e cla s s w ill read o f th e g o s p e ls, a n d w ill s tu d y s e le c tio n s fr o m th e epistles de­ s c r ip tiv e o f th e p r im it iv e c h u r c h . 69. (b) Greek Literature in English. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek du ring th e second sem ester. O ffered annually. A s tu d y , th r o u g h th e m e d iu m o f tr a n s la tio n s, o f th e r is e a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f Greek lite r a tu r e in its v a r io u s fo r m s — th e e p ic , th e ly r ic , th e d ra m a , h is to r y , p h ilosop h y, p a s to r a l p o e tr y , e tc. N o k n o w le d g e o f G r e e k is r e q u ir e d . T h e c o u r s e is d e sig n e d to b e o f s u g g e s tiv e v a lu e , e s p e c ia lly to a d v a n c e d s tu d e n ts in th e m o d e r n la n g u a g e s and lite r a tu r e s. 70. The Art of the Greeks. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea/r. O ffered i n 192 0 -2 1 A c o u r s e o f le c tu r e s - g iv in g a n in t r o d u c tio n to the v a r io u s d e p a rtm e n ts o f G reek a rt, e s p e c ia lly a r c h ite c tu r e , s c u lp tu r e , a n d p a in t in g ; th e p u r p o s e o f th e co u rse , in p a r t , is t o g iv e so m e p r e p a r a t io n f o r fu t u r e v is its to th e g r e a t m u s e u m c o lle ctio n s o f E u r o p e a n d A m e r ic a . A k n o w le d g e o f G r e e k is n o t r e q u ir e d . O p e n t o all students e x c e p t F re s h m e n . T h is c o u r s e is g iv e n i n a lte rn a te y e a r s o n ly . 90. The History of Greece. Professor Meeteer. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 91 9 -2 0. T h e h is to r y o f G r e e ce , fr o m th e e a rlie st tim es to th e d e a th o f A le x a n d e r th e Great. T h e c o u r s e a im s t o g iv e , t h r o u g h le ctu re s , co lla te r a l r e a d in g , a n d r e p o r ts , a history o f G r e e k civ iliz a tio n . M u c h a tte n tio n is p a id to a rt, lite r a tu r e , r e lig io n , private life , etc. L A T IN 71. Practical Latin. Assistant Professor Brewster. T h ree hours a w eek th roughout the yea r. O ffered as required. T h is c o u r s e is a r r a n g e d f o r th o s e w h o a r e n o t p r e p a r e d t o ta k e th e r e g u la r F resh­ m a n e le ctiv e . I t in c lu d e s a s tu d y o f g r a m m a r , e ty m o lo g y , te c h n ic a l te rm s, m ythology, a n d s e le c te d r e a d in g s . DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 73 72. (a) Livy, Book I, and selections from Books II-X ; exercises in Latin writing. Assistant Professor Brewster. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. S ee n o t e u n d e r C o u rs e 7 2 b. 72. (b) Plautus, Menaechmi; Cicero, Essays on Old Age and Friendship; miscellaneous selections. Assistant Professor Brewster. T h ree hours a w eek du ring th e second sem ester. O ffered annually. C ou rs es 7 2 a a n d 7 2 b fo r m th e r e g u la r F r e s h m a n e lective. 73. (a) Horace, Odes and Epodes; studies in the private and social life of the Romans. Assistant Professor Brewster. T h ree hours a w eek du ring the first sem ester. O ffered annually. See n o t e u n d e r C o u r s e 7 3 c. 73. (&) The Letters of Pliny the Younger; selections from Catullus. As­ sistant Professor Brewster. Tw o hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. S ee n o te u n d e r C o u r s e 7 3 c. 73. (c) Roman Literature in English. Lectures and collateral reading. Elective for Sophomores, Juniors, and Seniors. Assistant Pro­ fessor Brewster. O n e hou/r a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. F o r th is c o u r s e a k n o w le d g e o f L a tin is n o t r e q u ir e d . C ou rs es 73 a, 7 3 b, a n d 7 3 c, fo r m the r e g u la r S o p h o m o r e e lective. 75. Latin Prose Composition. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hours a w eek during th e second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . O p p o r tu n ity is a ffo r d e d in th is c o u r s e f o r co n s ta n t p r a c t ic e in w r it in g a n d spea k ­ in g L a tin . A tte n tio n w ill h e g iv e n a lso to th e re fin e m e n ts o f L a t in style. 76. Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome. Brewster. Assistant Professor Tw o hour8 a w eek throughout, the yea r. O ffered in 1 9 2 1 -2 2 . L e ctu r e s , illu stra te d w it h th e s te r e o p tic o n , a n d a ss ig n e d r e a d in g s . T h e d iffe re n t d ep a rtm en ts o f R o m a n a rt w ill h e t r e a te d b rie fly , b o th in d e p e n d e n tly a n d in .th e ir rela tion t o G r e e k a n d t o m o d e r n a rt, in p a r t ic u la r th e a p p e a r a n c e o f th e a n cie n t c ity w ill he d is c u s s e d a n d th e e x ta n t m o n u m e n ts d e s c r ib e d . N o k n o w le d g e o f L a tin is r e q u ir e d f o r th is c o u r s e ; it is h o p e d it w ill p r o v e o f in te re s t t o th ose w h o exp ect som e tim e t o v is it R o m e . O p e n to all stu d e n ts e x c e p t F re s h m e n . T h is c o u r s e is giv e n in a ltern a te y e a r s on ly . 77. (a) Martial and Petronius. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hours a w eek du rin g the first sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 77. (6) Tacitus, Germania and Agricola. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hours a w eek du ring the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 77. (c) The Letters of Cicero. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 1 -2 2 . 74 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 77. (d) Boman Satire. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hour8 a w eek du ring the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 1 -2 2 78. Teachers’ Course. Assistant Professor Brewster. Tw o hours a w eek throughout th e y ea r. L e c t u r e s a n d r e p o r ts u p o n th e te x t o f C a e s a r, a u th ors co m m o n ly r e a d in th e p r e p a r a t o r y sch o o ls. th e in t r o d u c to r y a n n o u n c e m e n t a b o v e (p . 7 1 ) . O ffered annually. C ic e r o , V ir g il, a n d o th e r L a tin F o r a d m is sio n to th e c o u r s e see 79. Latin Sight Reading. Assistant. Professor Brewster. Tw o hours a w eek throughout th e yea r, one hour credit. O ffered anrmaUy. T h e w o r k o f th is c o u r s e is alm ost e x c lu s iv e ly co n fin e d to th e cla s s ro o m a n d r e ­ q u ire s n o ou ts id e p r e p a r a t io n e x c e p t f o r an o c c a s io n a l r e p o r t u p o n th e li f e a n d w o r k s o f th e a u th o r s tu d ie d . S e le c tio n s fr o m O v id a n d fr o m a v a r ie ty o f p r o s e a n d v e rse w r ite r s w ill b e r e a d in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . S ig h t r e a d in g te n d s to m a k e th e s tu d e n t re ly u p o n h is o w n m e m o r y a n d in g e n u it y ra th e r th a n u p o n le x ic o n a n d g r a m m a r , th ereb y m a k in g th e s tu d y m o r e n a t u r a l a n d less difficu lt. 80. Christian Art and Archaeology. Assistant Professor Brewster. One hour a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . L e c tu r e s illu s tr a te d w ith the s te r e o p tic o n . T h e a im o f th e c o u r s e is to g iv e an in t r o d u c tio n to C h ris tia n A rch aeology, a n d s tu d y e a r ly C h ris tia n a r c h ite c tu r e , s c u lp ­ tu re , p a in tin g , a n d m o s a ic in th e ir r e la tio n to cla s s ic a l a r t a n d to th e a rt o f the R e n a is s a n c e . 91. The History of Rome. Assistant Professor Brewster. Tw o hours a w eek th roughout the y ea r.. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 T h e h is to r y o f R o m e , fr o m th e e a rlie st tim e s to th e b e g in n in g o f th e B a r b a r ic In v a s io n s . T h e c o u r s e stresses th e R o m a n g e n iu s f o r o r g a n iz a tio n a n d a d m in is ­ t r a tio n a n d the s ig n ific a n c e o f “ R o m a n iz a tio n ” in the c iv iliz a t io n o f the p a s t a n d the p res en t. S p e c ia l a tte n tio n is g iv e n to p ro b le m s th a t a re c o m m o n to th e “ T w o G reat R e p u b lic s , R o m e a n d th e U n it e d S ta te s.” H istory and International Relations The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor William I. Hull. Senior students majoring in His­ tory are the departmental assistants. Professor II. J. Meeteer and Dr. E. H. Brewster, of the Department of Greek and Latin, conduct Courses 90 and 91, on the History of Ancient Greece and Rome. The courses are conducted by means o f classroom lectures and library work, which are coordinated by the students in written outlines and reports. The purpose o f the department is to afford training in the discriminating use of historical materials; to cultivate the historical and international habit of mind; and to develop a general knowledge of European, English, and United States history, as a whole, together with a more detailed knowl­ DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 75 edge of certain great epochs, institutions, and personages in the history of western civilization. 90. The History of Greece. Professor Meeteer. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h e h is to r y o i G r eece, fr o m the e a rlie st tim e s to the death o f A le x a n d e r the G reat. T he c o u r s e a im s t o g iv e, th r o u g h le ctu re s , c o lla te r a l r e a d in g , a n d re p o rts , a h is to r y o f G reek civ iliz a tio n . M u c h a tten tion is p a id to art, lite r a tu r e , r e lig io n , p r iv a t e life , etc. 91. The History of Borne. Assistant Professor Brewster. Two hours a w eek throughout th e yea r. Offered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . T h e h is to r y o f R o m e , fr o m th e e a rlie st tim es to the b e g in n in g o f the B a r b a r ic I n ­ va sion s, s u p p le m e n te d by. M u n ro’s S ou rce B ook o f R om an H istory a n d b y selected p assages fr o m R o m a n h is toria n s . 92. The History of Mëdiæval and Modern Europe. Professor Hull. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is d iv id e d in to t w o p a rts, w h ic h a re o ffe re d a lte rn a te ly as fo llo w s : 9 2 (a ) E n g la n d t o 1 8 1 4 . O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 92 (& ) F r a n c e a n d G erm a n y , t o 1 8 1 4 . O ffered in 1 9 2 1 -2 2 . 93. The History of Europe During the Nineteenth Century, of the Great War, and of European Imperialism. Professor Hull. T h ree hours a w eek th roughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is d iv id e d in to t w o p a rts, w h ic h a re o ffe r e d a ltern a tely as fo llo w s : 9 3 ( a ) E u r o p e fr o m 1 8 1 4 to 1 9 1 9 , w it h s p e c ia l r e fe r e n c e to th e ca u ses a n d resu lts o f the G r e a t W a r . O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 and 1 9 2 1 -2 2 . 93 ( 6 ) M o d e r n I m p e r ia lism , p r e c e d e d b y a p r e lim in a r y s tu d y o f tw o s c o r e im p e r ia l­ istic ex p e r im en ts in a n c ie n t a n d m e d ia e v a l tim es. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 and 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 94. American History arid Diplomacy. Professor Hull. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is d iv id e d in to tw o p a rts, w h ic h a r e o ffe r e d a ltern a tely, as fo llo w s : 9 4 ( a ) T h e g e n e r a l h is to r y o f th e. C o lo n ie s a n d S tates d o w n to th e fo r m a tio n o f the U n io n , to g e th e r w ith the d ip lo m a tic r e la tio n s o f th e U n ite d S tates w ith th e O ld W o r ld . Offered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 9 4 ( b ) T h e g e n e ra l h is to r y o f the U n ite d S tates fr o m 1 7 8 9 to 1 9 1 9 , w ith sp e cial r e fe r e n c e to P a n -A m e r ic a a n d th e M o n r o e D o c tr in e . O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . 95. International Law and the League of Nations- Professor Hull. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e is d iv id e d in to t w o p a r ts , w h ic h a re o ffe re d alte rn a te ly, as fo llo w s : 9 5 (it ) T h é in te r n a tio n a l la w o f p e a c e , in c lu d in g a c a r e fu i s tu d y o f th e p r o ­ gram m es f o r w o r ld g o v e r n m e n t a d o p te d b y th e tw o H a g u e C o n fe re n c e s a n d the C o n ­ fe r e n c e o f P a r is . O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . 95 ( b ) T h e in te r n a tio n a l la w o f w a r a n d n e u tr a lity , p a r t ic u la r ly as e xem p lified in the co n v e n tio n s o f the tw o H a g u e C o n fe r e n c e s a n d in the w a r fa r e o f the tw en tieth cen tu ry . O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . 96. History Teachers’ Course. Professor Hull. O ne or tw o hours’ credit fo r each sem ester. O ffered annually. T h is c o u rs e is d e s ig n e d f o r s e n io r m a jo r s in the D e p a r tm e n t o f H is t o r y , a n d is in ten d ed t o g iv e the th e o r y a n d p r a c t ic e o f a id s , m eth od s, a n d a im s in the tea c h in g o f h is to r y . T h e p r a c t ic a l w o r k o f th e c o u r s e is d o n e in n e ig h b o r in g s ch ools, a n tf in c o n n e ctio n w ith C ou rs es 9 2 to 9 5 . 76 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Political Science T he, instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Robert C. Brooks. The primary aim o f the courses offered in political sci­ ence is to prepare students for intelligent and effective citizen­ ship. To this end an effort is made to interpret the political life and movements of our time in city, state, and nation. Particular attention is given to criticisms of existing institutions and pro­ posals for their reform. Governments and parties in the lead­ ing foreign nations o f the world are considered not only because o f their intrinsic importance, but also for the valuable sug­ gestions they may yield for the solution o f our American problems. Though the courses in political science are designed primarily to produce intelligent and effective citizenship, they should also prove more immediately helpful to those who intend to enter politics, law, public service, journalism, business, or the teaching o f civics. Students who expect to devote themselves to advanced study and research in political science should be able to lay the foundations for such work in the undergraduate courses offered by this department. Unsupported by collateral study in economics and history much of the significance of political science will be lost. Psychology, philosophy, and anthropology are also valuable aids. A reading knowledge o f German or French should be acquired as soon as possible by students of political science, and both of these are essential for graduate study in this field. Training in English and public speaking are highly desirable. Changes in advanced courses to be made from year to year will enable students to take more work in political science than is here scheduled. 101. American Political Parties and Party Problems. Professor Brooks. T h ree hours a w e ek du ring first sem ester. O ffered annually. A s tu d y o f the g r o w th , o r g a n iz a tio n , aim s, a n d m e th o d s o f p o lit ic a l p a r tie s in the U n it e d S ta tes, w ith p a r t ic u la r r e fe r e n c e to th e p r im a r y a n d c o n v e n t io n system , fin a n c­ in g o f p a r tie s , a n d th e c h a r g e s o f c o r r u p t io n in A m e r ic a n p o litic s a n d life . O p e n to all s tu d e n ts e x c e p t F re s h m e n . 77 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 102. American Federal Government. Professor Brooks. T h ree hours a w eek during second sem ester. O ffered armually. A s tu d y o f th e p r e s e n t s tr u c t u r e a n d fu n c t io n s o f th e F e d e r a l G o v e rn m e n t o f the U nited S tates. D e s ig n e d as a c o n tin u a t io n o f C o u r s e 1 0 1 . O pen to all s tu d e n ts e x c e p t F re s h m e n . 103. Government and Parties in England, and Continental Europe. fessor Brooks. Pro­ T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered a/mvaally. A n o u tlin e s tu d y o f th e fr a m e w o r k o f g o v e r n m e n t a n d th e o r g a n iz a tio n , m eth ods, and aim s o f th e le a d in g p o lit ic a l p a r tie s o f E n g la n d , F r a n c e , S w itz e rla n d , a n d G e r­ m any. P a r t ic u la r a tten tion is g iv e n t o th e c o n s titu tio n a l d o cu m e n ts o f th e co u n trie s stu died a n d to th e m o r e a cce s sib le s o u r c e s o f o fficia l in fo r m a tio n r e g a r d in g them . W h erev er p o ss ib le , c o m p a r is o n s a r e d r a w n b e tw e e n th e p o litic a l in s titu tio n s a n d p r o b ­ lems o f th e c o u n tr ie s s tu d ie d a n d th o s e o f the U n it e d S tates. O p en to all s tu den ts. 105. Municipal Government in the United States. Professor Brooks. T w o hours a w eek during second sem ester. O ffered annually. A s o m e w h a t d e ta ile d s tu d y o f m u n ic ip a l o r g a n iz a tio n a n d f u n c t io n s in th e U n ite d States. P a r t ic u la r a tte n tio n w ill b e g iv e n t o th e c it y o f P h ila d e lp h ia . R e fo r m p r o ­ posals, s u c h a s th e co m m is s io n p la n , th e c it y m a n a g e r p la n , s h o rt b allot, a n d th e w o r k o f b u re a u s o f m u n ic ip a l r e s e a r c h , w ill b e d iscu ss e d . P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e s 1 0 1 , 1 0 2 , o r 1 0 3 , o r th e e q u iv a le n t o f o n e o f these. 106. American State Government. Professor Brooks. T w o hour8 a w eek du ring first sem ester. O ffered annually. A s tu d y o f th e o r g a n iz a tio n a n d fu n c t io n s o f state g o v e r n m e n t in th e U n it e d States, w ith p a r t ic u la r r e fe r e n c e to P e n n s y lv a n ia . T h e le g is la tiv e b r a n c h w ill b e g iv e n s p e ­ cial a tte n tio n in th is c o u r s e f o r th e p re s e n t. P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e s 1 0 1 , 1 0 2 , o r 1 0 3 , o r th e e q u iv a le n t o f o n e o f these. 107. Political Motives. Professor Brooks. Tw o hours a w eek throughout th e yea r. A s tu d y o f th e m o tiv e s in flu e n c in g m en in O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . t h e ir p o lit ic a l a ctiv itie s , p a r tic u la r ly as re v e a le d in b io g r a p h ie s a n d a u to b io g r a p h ie s o f A m e r ic a n le a d e r s o f r e c e n t date. O pen o n ly to J u n io r s a n d S e n io r s . 108. History of Political Ideas. Professor Brooks. One hour a w eek throughout the year. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . A s tu d y o f the d e v e lo p m e n t o f p o lit ic a l th o u g h t. T h e first p a r t o f - th e c o u r s e is devoted to a series o f le c tu r e s o n O r ie n ta l, G re e k , R o m a n ' a n d m ediaeval p o litica l ideas, s tu d e n ts b e in g a s s ig n e d c o lla te r a l r e a d in g in P la to , A risto tle , P o ly b iu s , St. A u gu stine, T h o m a s A q u in a s , D a n te , a n d o th e rs . P o lit ic a l p h ilo so p h e rs o f la te r date are s tu d ie d p r in c ip a lly fr o m th e ir w r it in g s , p a r t ic u la r a tte n tio n b e in g g iv e n to M ach iavelli, B o d in , H o b b e s , L o c k e , M o n te s q u ie u , R o u s s e a u , B u r k e , B e n th a m , M ill, M aine, a n d S eeley. O pen o n ly t o J u n io r s a n d S e n io rs. 109. Special Readings in Political Science. Professor Brooks. One hour a w e ek throughout the yea r. O ffered armually. A s s ig n e d r e a d in g s , r e p o r ts a n d c o n fe r e n c e s d e s ig n e d to p r e p a r e stu d e n ts a lo n g d e­ tailed lin e s in w h ic h th ey a re s p e c ia lly in te re s te d o r to c o r r e c t d e ficie n cie s in th e ir earlier p r e p a r a t io n . R e q u ir e d o f all stu d e n ts m a jo r in g in th e D e p a rtm e n t o f P o litic a l S cience p r e fe r a b ly i n th e ir S e n io r y e a r , b u t m a y a lso b e ta k e n d u r in g th e ir J u n io r year. O pen b y s p e c ia l p e rm is s io n a lso to S e n io r s in co g n a te d e p a rtm e n ts. 78 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Econom ics The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Thomas K. Urdahl. Claude Carrol Smith is Instructor, and Isabel Briggs'M yers is Assistant. Good citizenship implies intelligent citizenship. The broadest purpose of college instruction in Economics is to contribute to the former by the cultivation of the latter. From this point of view the study of Economics should appeal to all students. In a narrower way, work in Economics should prove useful to those who intend to devote themselves to law, business, journalism, philanthropy, or the public iservice. Finally, for those who wish to prepare for investigation or teaching in this field, college in­ struction, with its closer personal relation between student and teacher, should provide suitable preparation for graduate study and research in larger institutions. The courses in law are designed to give to the student an in­ sight into legal reasoning and a general knowledge of the funda­ mental legal relations which govern our society. It is expected that these courses will serve as a helpful introduction to pro­ fessional study for those who aim to prepare themselves for the life of the lawyer; that those students who desire to equip them­ selves for active business life will be aided by an intelligent study of the principles which lie at the basis of commercial life ; and that in the systematic study of the science of the law all will acquire not merely an understanding of legal rules, but also an appreciation of their justice, wisdom, and harmony. Collateral work in Political Science, History, German, and French is strongly recommended for all who intend to devote much time to Economics. A knowledge of general biological theory, of psychology, and of philosophy would add greatly to the value of work done in this department. No credit will be given in courses which run throughout the year, unless the work of the entire year is taken. The advanced courses will be changed from year to year, thus enabling students to take more work in the department than is here scheduled. 111. Principles of Economics. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h e first p a r t o f this c o u r s e co n sists o f a s tu d y o f th e fu n d a m e n ta l la w s a n d p r in ­ 79 M, DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION cip les p u b lic re n cy , N ot o f e c o n o m ic s ; th e s e c o n d p a r t d e a ls w ith th e a p p lic a tio n o f these la w s t o the q u es tion s o f th e d a y , s u c h a s th o s e c o n n e c t e d w it h the ta r iff, ta x a tio n , c u r ­ tru sts, tra d e u n io n s , s trik e s, s o cia lism , a n d the ra ilr o a d s . o p e n to F resh m en . 112. Money, Credit, and Banking. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek ¿hiring th e first sem ester. Offered, in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . T h e w o r k o f th is c o u r s e w ill be d iv id e d in to th ree p a r t s : ( a ) a s tu d y o f th e p r in ­ cip les o f m o n e y , cr e d it, a n d b a n k in g ; ( b ) a s tu d y o f th e e x e m p lific a tio n o f those p r in c ip le s in th e m o n e ta r y a n d b a n k in g h is to r y o f ce r ta in c o u n t r ie s ; ( c ) a s tu d y o f p resen t-d ay c u r r e n c y a n d b a n k in g p ro b le m s in the U n it e d S tates. A s a su p p lem en t to the cla s s ro o m w o r k , v is its w ill b e m ad e to the m in t a n d to b a n k in g in s titu tio n s in P h ila d elp h ia . P r e r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 1 1 o r its e q u iva le n t. 113. Public Finance. Professor Urdahl. T h ree h o w s a w eek ¿hiring the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h e s u b je ct-m a tte r o f th is c o u r s e w ill b e the n a tu r e o f . go v e rn m e n ta l w a n ts , p u b lic e x p en d itu r es, b u d g ets , a n d b u d g e t a r y le g is la tio n , th e d e ve lo p m e n t o f ta x system s, the d ifferen t k in d s o f tax es, th e th e o r y o f in c id e n c e , th e p r o b le m o f d istrib u tio n , p ra c tic a l ideals f o r a t a x system in th e U n ite d S tates, a n d the th e o ry a n d e xte n t o f p u b lic debts. P re r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 1 1 o r its e q u iv a le n t. , 114. Corporation Finance, and Problems of Business. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek du ring the secon d sem ester. O ffered annually. T h e h is to r ic a l d evelop m en t, the ch a n g e s in s tr u ctu re , the o r g a n iz in g , th e fin a n cin g , the m a n a g em en t, detail. the e c o n o m ic and .speial p r o b le m s o f b u s in e ss a re co n s id e r e d in O pen to all s tu den ts. 115. Criminology. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . T h r e e g e n e r a l s u b je c t s a re tre a te d in th is c o u r s e . T h e fir s t h a s t o d o w ith the theory a n d d a ta o f cr im in a lity . T h e s e c o n d s u b je c t d eals w ith cr im in a l la w a n d c r im i­ nal p r o c e d u r e . T h e th ir d re la te s to p e n o lo g y . V is its a re m ad e to th e v a r io u s p e n a l an d re fo rm a to ry in s titu tio n s in P h ila d e lp h ia a n d v ic in it y . O p en t o all stu den ts. 116. Modern Philanthropy. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. T h e la rg e p u b lic q u es tion s in v o lv e d in the r e lie f o f th e in d ig e n t a n d in th e ca re o f the in s a n e , th e feeb le-m in d e d , a n d o th e r d e p e n d e n ts . V is its a re m a d e to r e p re s e n ­ tative in s titu tio n s in P h ila d e lp h ia a n d v ic in ity . O pen to all stu den ts. 117. Besources and Industries. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek throughout th e year. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e c o n sists o f a s tu d y o f the m in e ra l, w a te r, fo re s t, a n d la n d re s o u r c e s o f the U n ite d S tates w it h s p e c ia l e m p h a sis o n th e ir c o n s e r v a tio n . F o llo w in g th is the p rin c ip a l a g r ic u ltu r a l a n d m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s tr ie s o f the U n ite d S tates w ill be s tu died a n d d isc u ss e d . A tte n tio n w ill a lso b e g iv e n to the m a in c o n tin e n ta l a n d o c e a n ic rou tes o f tra v e l. T h e firs t s em ester w ill b e d e v o te d to a s tu d y o f th e e c o n o m ic h is to r y o f the U n ite d S tates. T h e cla ss w ill v is it s om e o f the le a d in g in d u s tria l establishm ents o f the v ic in it y . O pen to all s tu den ts. 80 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 118. The Development of Economic Theory. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered in 1 92 1 -2 2. T h e e v o lu tio n o f e c o n o m ic t h o u g h t fr o m th e w r it in g s o f th e m e rca n tilis ts an d p h y s io c r a t s d o w n to th e p r e s e n t d a y . E s p e c ia l a tte n tio n w ill b e g iv e n t o th e va riou s s c h o o ls o f th ou g h t a n d to t h e ir in flu e n c e in s h a p in g p u b lic p o lic y . P r e r e q u is ite , C o u r s e 1 1 1 o r its e q u iv a le n t. 119. The Labor Problems. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek during th e second sem ester. O ffered in 1 92 0 -2 1. A s tu d y o f the h is to r y , a ctiv itie s , a n d s tr u c tu r e o f la b o r o r g a n iz a tio n s , a n d th e in ­ flu e n c e o f e c o n o m ic a n d p o lit ic a l th e o rie s u p o n them . P r e r e q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 1 1 o r its e q u iv a le n t. 120. Economic Problems of War and Reconstruction. Professor Urdahl. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 91 9 -2 0. 126. Business Law. Mr. Smith. T h ree hours a w eek throughout th e yea r. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h is c o u r s e is b a s e d o n S u lliv a n ’ s B u sin ess L a w , a n d is d e s ig n e d t o g iv e the stu­ d e n t a w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e la w o f c o n tr a c ts a n d n e g o tia b le in s tru m e n ts, a gency, p a r tn e r s h ip s , c o r p o r a t io n s a n d p r o p e r t y . C la s sr o o m d is c u s s io n o f ca s e s illu stratin g th e p r in c ip le s u n d e r ly in g th e la w c o v e r in g th e s e to p ic s is th e c h ie f w o r k . # H istory o f R eligion and Philosophy The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Jesse H. Holmes. The object o f the courses is to give the student an introduction to the principal religious and philosophical systems of the world, together with a study more in detail o f a few of them. The courses offered as electives cover three years. A ll students are required to take a course o f three hours in the study of the Bible. The work will be varied by lectures, recitations, and prepara­ tion of special themes. Several hundreds of lantern slides illus­ trating various phases o f the subject-matter are available, as are also charts, maps, pictures, and a carefully selected library. 131. Bible Study. Professor Holmes. T w o hours a w eek in first sem ester , on e hour a w eek in secon d sem ester. annually. Offered I n t e n d e d to g iv e s u c h g e n e r a l k n o w le d g e o f th e B ib le , it s o r ig in , co n te n ts , an d q u a litie s a s lite r a tu r e , as s h o u ld b e p o s s e s s e d b y all in te llig e n t p e o p le . T h e w o r k o f th e s tu d e n t w ill c o n s is t la r g e ly o f in d ic a te d r e a d in g s i n th e O ld a n d N e w T esta­ m en ts. K e n t, H istorica l B ible, w ill b e u s e d a s a s u p p le m e n ta ry te x tb o o k . T h e cla s s w o r k w ill in c lu d e le ctu re s , re c ita tio n s , s tu d y o f m a p s , p ic tu r e s , etc. 132. History of Religion. Professor Holmes. Tw o hours a w e ek du ring the first sem ester. O ffered annually. A b r i e f s tu d y o f t h e 'p r in c i p a l r e lig io u s system s o f th e w o r ld . M e n zie s, H istory of R eligion, is fo llo w e d as te x tb o o k , b u t a la r g e p a r t o f th e w o r k o f th e c o u r s e is c a r ­ r ie d o n in th e lib r a r y . DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 81 133. The Religion of the Hebrews. Professor Holmes. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. A s tu d y o f th e H e b r e w p e o p le , t h e ir s o c ia l a n d r e lig io u s cu stom s, th e ir p ro p h e ts and th e ir lite r a tu r e . I t is b a s e d u p o n th e s tu d y o f th e b o o k s o f th e O ld T estam en t, Kent, H istorical B ible, b e in g a lso u s e d . I n th e e a r ly p a r t o f th e c o u rs e a tte n tio n is given t o th e o r ig in o f th e S em ites a n d th e ir e a rly m o ve m e n ts, B a b y lo n ia , A s s y r ia , a n d other a llie d to p ic s . O pen to stu d en ts w h o h a v e c o m p le te d C o u r s e 1 3 1 , a n d t o oth ers w h o , in the ju d g ­ m ent o f th e in s tr u c t o r , c a n p r o fita b ly c a r r y o n the w o r k o f th e class. 134. Life and Times of Jesus. Professor Holmes. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. A s tu d y o f the s o cia l, p o litic a l, a n d r e lig io u s c o n d it io n s p r e v a ilin g at th e b e ­ g in n in g o f th e C h ris tia n e ra , fo llo w e d b y th e life , w o r k , a n d te a c h in g s o f J e su s, a n d the A p o s t o lic a g e o f th e C h ris tia n C h u r ch . S te v e n s a n d B u r t o n , H arm ony o f the Gos­ pels, th e A cts o f th e A postles, a n d th e o th e r b o o k s o f th e N e w T e sta m e n t, to ge th e r w ith P fle id e r e r , Christian O rigins, a r e m a d e th e b a s is o f th e w o r k . O p en t o s tu d e n ts w h o h a v e co m p le te d C o u rs e 1 3 1 , a n d t o o th e rs w h o , in the j u d g ­ m ent o f th e in s tr u c to r , c a n p r o fita b ly c a r r y o n th e w o r k o f th e class. C o u rs e s 1 3 3 and 1 3 4 m a y b e s u b stitu te d f o r th e r e q u ir e d c o u r s e in the B ib le S tu d y ( 1 3 1 ) b y J u n iors a n d S e n io rs. 135. History of Christianity. Professor Holmes. Tw o hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . A s tu d y o f the p r in c ip a l e ve n ts in th e h is to r y o f th e C h ris tia n c h u rch , a n d espe­ cially i n the d e v e lo p m e n t o f C h ris tia n d o c tr in e s . S o m e a tte n tio n w ill b e g iv e n to the history o f v a r io u s C h ris tia n sects. A lle n , C ontinuity o f Christian Thought, P fle id e r e r, Developm ent of C hristianity, h a v e b e e n u s e d a s te xtb o o k s. O pen t o s tu d e n ts w h o h a v e c o m p le te d C o u rs e 1 3 1 , a n d to oth ers w h o , in th e ju d g-. m ent o f th e in s tr u c t o r , c a n p r o fita b ly c a r r y o n th e w o r k o f th e class. 136. Ethics. Professor Holmes. T h ree hours a w eek , secon d sem ester. O ffered annually. A n in tr o d u c tio n to the v a r io u s ty p e s o f e th ica l th e o ry , w ith d isc u ss io n o f s o m e a p p li­ cation s o f e th ica l p r in c ip le s . D r a k e , P roblem s of Conduct, h a s b e e n u s e d as a text­ book. 137. History of Philosophy. Professor Holmes. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered . annually. A fte r a b r i e f in t r o d u c to r y g la n c e a t the e a rly G r e e k p h ilo so p h ie s , e s p e c ia l a tten tion is giv en t o S o c r a te s a n d to th e system s o f P la to a n d A risto tle . S o m e tim e is d e ­ voted t o th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f p h ilo s o p h ic a l system s in t h e p e r io d ce n te r in g a b o u t the b egin n in g o f th e C h ris tia n e r a ; th e g r o w th , cu lm in a tio n , a n d d e c lin e o f sch ola sticism , are stu died , a n d t h e a p p e a r a n c e o f the m o d e r n c r it ic a l s p ir it. I n th e s e c o n d sem ester the w o r k is d ir e c t e d t o t h e m o d e r n system s. E s p e c ia l a tte n tio n is g iv e n philosoph y o f e v o lu tio n . T h illy , H istory o f Philosoph y, is u s e d a s a te xtb o o k . O pen t o J u n io r s and t o -the S e n io rs. 138. Introduction to Philosophy. Professor Holmes. O n e hou r a w eek in second sem ester. O ffered annually. L ectu r es a n d r e c it a tio n s o n the th e o r y o f k n o w le d g e , fu n d a m e n ta l id eas, the m e an ­ ing o f n a tu r a l la w , th e th e o r y o f e v o lu tio n in th e i n o r g a n ic a n d in th e o r g a n ic w o r ld . R ussell, F irst C ourse in Philosophy h a s b e e n u s e d a s a te x tb o o k . Some of the greatest archaeological collections o f the world are near enough to be made use o f by Swarthmore students, and 82 SWARTHMOKE COLLEGE BULLETIN visits to museums, exhibitions, etc., are frequently possible. Especially to be noted is the Archaeological Museum of the Uni­ versity of Pennsylvania, with its remarkable collections illus­ trating the civilizations of Babylonia, Assyria, and Egypt; its display of amulets, charms, etc., from many parts o f the world; its Buddhist Temple, and collections of similar materials from among the American Indians, the Esquimaux, and many other peoples. A Museum of Religions has been started at Swarthmore, which has already a valuable collection of religious curios from China, Japan, India, and elsewhere. Additions to this collection will be welcomed. Mention should be also made of the great libraries of Phila­ delphia, and o f the lecture courses, often by the great scholars o f the world, at Drexel, Franklin, and Wagner Institutes, and at the University of Pennsylvania, in addition to those offered at Swarthmore. The most famous preachers, statesmen, and orators are frequently to be heard in Philadelphia, and the opportunities thus afforded are brought to the attention of students. Psychology and Education The work of this department is temporarily cared for by Pro­ fessor Jesse H. Holmes, and Charles H. Fisher, Professor of Education, State Normal School, West Chester, Pa. t e a c h e r s ’ a p p o in t m e n t c o m m it t e e A Teachers’ Appointment Committee, of which Dean Alexan­ der is the Chairman, was instituted in 1912. The duty of this committee is to assist the graduates of the College in their effort to secure satisfactory teaching positions. This assistance is to be rendered not only to members of each year’s graduating class, but also to earlier graduates who have been teaching meanwhile, and having acquired experience, desire more responsible positions than the ones they now have. the state college c e r t if ic a t e Students graduating from College and completing the re­ quired number o f courses in Psychology and Education, includ­ DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 83 ing the required observation and teaching, will be recommended by the department for the State College Certificate, which car­ ries exemption from all examinations for positions in the public schools of Pennsylvania, and becomes permanent after three years o f teaching. This certificate is accepted by a number of other states. COURSE OF STUDY No course in this department should be taken before the Sopho­ more year. The courses designed for the Sophomore year are Ethics (136), and General Psychology (1 3 9 ); for the Junior year, Educational Psychology (141), History of Education (144), Educational Administration and Management 147); for the Senior year, Principles o f Secondary Education (142), Prin­ ciples of Teaching (143), Observation of Teaching (145), Super­ vised Teaching (146). COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 136. Ethics—Theory, Practice, and Teaching. Professor Holmes. Two hours a w eek during first sem ester . O ffered amnually. T h is c o u r s e a im s t o p r e s e n t the p r in c ip a l th e o rie s as to th e b a s is o f r ig h t a n d w ron g, to d isc u ss p r a c t ic a l q u e s tio n s s u ch as co m e s b e fo r e m e n a n d w o m e n in b u s i­ ness a n d s o c ia l life , a n d in c itize n sh ip . T h e la tte r p a r t o f th e y e a r w ill b e d e vo te d to a c o n s id e r a t io n o f m eth o d s o f d e v e lo p in g m o r a ls in s ch o o ls, u se s a n d a bu se s o f s elf-g overn m en t, th e w o r k o f th e c h u r c h a n d the S u n d a y s ch o o ls, b o y s ’ a n d g ir ls ’ clubs, a n d o th e r in s titu tio n s w h ic h a ffe c t id eals a n d c o n d u c t. O p p o r tu n ity w ill be given f o r o b s e r v a tio n o f s u ch in s titu tio n s, a n d i n ca se o f th ose ta k in g th e te a c h e rs ’ cou rse, f o r p r a c t ic e te a c h in g w h e n p o ss ib le . 139. General Psychology. Professor Holmes. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e a im s to in t r o d u c e the s tu d e n t t o th e s c ie n c e o f p s y c h o lo g y th ro u gh m odern exp e r im e n ta l m eth o d s to g e th e r w ith le ctu re s , d é m o n stra tio n s, a n d clin ica l observation s. I t a lso aim s# to la y the fo u n d a t io n s f o r m o r e a d v a n c e d w o r k in p s y ­ ch ology a n d c o u r s e s in oth e r d e p a rtm e n ts th a t d e m a n d a k n o w le d g e o f the fu n d a ­ m ental p r in c ip le s o f m en ta l a ctiv ity . T e xts , P ills b u r y , L a n g fe ld . 141. Educational Psychology. Professor Fisher. Tw o hours a w eek during second sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h is c o u r s e em p h a sizes s u c h to p ic s in p s y c h o lo g y as a re clo s e ly re la te d to th e w o r k of teach in g. C o n s id e ra tio n w ill b e g iv è n to p s y c h o lo g ic a l e xp e rim e n ts b e a r in g u p o n the to p ic s trea ted . T he o b s e r v a tio n o f p u p ils a n d te a c h in g in th e p u b lic s ch o o ls o f S w a rth m o re is a necessary p a r t o f th e c o u r s e . T e x t-b o o k , a ss ig n e d r e a d in g s , d is c u s s io n s , a n d re p o rts . 84 SWARTHMOKE COLLEGE BULLETIN 142. Principles of Secondary Education. Professor Fisher. T w o hours a w eek during secon d sem ester. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. A s tu d y o f th e s e c o n d a r y s c h o o l in th e lig h t o f th e m e a n in g a n d th e a im s o f educa­ t io n in a d e m o c r a c y . T h e p u r p o s e a n d th e v a lu e o f the s u b je c t s o f th e cu rricu lu m w ill b e d is c u s s e d fr o m th e s ta n d p o in t o f th e m a in o b je c tiv e s o f e d u c a tio n . T h e neces­ s a r y r e o r g a n iz a t io n o f s e c o n d a r y e d u c a tio n w ill b e co n s id e r e d . A s s ig n e d readings, d is c u s s io n s , a n d re p o rts . 143. Principles of Teaching. Professor Fisher. Tw o hours a w eek during first sem ester. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. T h is c o u r s e d eals w ith the p r in c ip le s o f in s tr u c t io n c o m m o n t o th e te a c h in g o f all s u b je c t s in the s e c o n d a r y sch o o ls. C o n s id e r a tio n w ill b e g iv e n t o s u c h to p ic s as types o f lesson s, the re c ita tio n , th e a ssign m e n t, th e q u e s tio n , le ss o n p la n s, s u p e rv is e d and in d e p e n d e n t s tu d y , th e u s e o f e d u c a tio n a l tests a n d sca les, p r o b le m s in discipline, e c o n o m y in c la s s r o o m . m an ag e m e n t. T h e w o r k o f th is c o u r s e is clo s e ly c o r r e la t e d A s s ig n e d r e a d in g s , d is c u s s io n s , a n d r e p o r ts . w ith the o b s e r v a tio n of teaching. 144. History of Education. Professor Fisher. T w o hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. T h is c o u r s e a im s to tr a c e th e d e ve lo p m e n t o f e d u c a tio n a l in s titu tio n s, p r a c tic e s and th e o rie s o f the p a s t as a n e c e s s a r y b a c k g r o u n d to a n u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e problem s o f th e p r e s e n t d a y . A n e ffo rt is m a d e to t r a c e th e e v o lu tio n o f d e m o c r a c y in ed u ca ­ t io n so th a t th e in d iv id u a l m a y b e co m e a c o n s c io u s p a r t ic ip a n t i n th a t evolu tion. E d u c a t io n a l p r o g r e s s in t h e U n ite d S ta te s is e s p e c ia lly n o te d . T h e c o u r s e is both c u lt u r a l a n d p r o fe s s io n a l. T e x t-b o o k , a s s ig n e d r e a d in g s , d is c u s s io n s a n d rep orts. 145. Observation of Teaching. Professor Fisher. O n e hour a w eek during first sem ester. O ffered in 1 91 9 -2 0. O n ly th os e stu d e n ts m a y ta k e th is c o u r s e w h o e n r o ll f o r C o u r s e 1 4 3 . S tu de n ts w ill o b s e r v e i n all g r a d e s , ele m e n ta ry a n d s e c o n d a r y , o f th e p u b lic s c h o o l system o f S w arthm ore, in o r d e r to g e t a g e n e r a l s u r v e y o f th e w h o le . T o w a r d th e e n d o f th e sem ester s tu d e n ts w ill co n c e n tr a te th e ir o b s e r v a tio n u p o n th e s u b je c t o r s u b je c t s that th ey expect t o te a c h . T h e c o u r s e w ill b e c o n d u c t e d b y m e a n s o f in d iv id u a l a n d g r o u p co n fe re n ce s. 146. Supervised Teaching. Professor Fisher. One to th ree hours a w eek du ring the first or the second sem ester. O ffered in 191 9 -2 0. T h e te a c h in g w ill b e d o n e in s e c o n d a r y s ch o o ls i n th e v ic in it y o f th e C ollege. S ub­ stitu te t e a c h in g w h e n d o n e u n d e r fa v o r a b le c o n d itio n s a n d a p p r o v e d b y the su p e rviso r o f t e a c h in g m a y c o u n t as c r e d it t o w a r d th is c o u r s e . A t le a s t o n e h o u r cr e d it should b e ta k e n b y th o s e w h o in t e n d to te ach . T h e s tu d e n ts w h o s e s c h e d u le s p e rm it it are u r g e d to ta k e a d d itio n a l cr e d it. T h e c o u r s e w ill b e c o n d u c t e d b y m e a n s o f in d ivid u a l c o n fe r e n c e s . 147. School Administration and Management. Professor Fisher Tw o hours a w e ek during first sem ester. O ffered in 1 9 1 9 -2 0 . T h is c o u r s e d e a ls w it h th e o r g a n iz a tio n , le g a l statu s, a n d a d m in is tr a tiv e con trol o f e d u c a t io n in the n a tio n , state, c o u n t y ,'a n d lo c a l s c h o o l d istricts . P r a c t ic a l p r o b le m s o f s c h o o l m a n a g e m e n t w ill b e co n s id e r e d . T h e c h ie f a im o f the c o u r s e is t o a c q u a in t th e p r o s p e c t iv e t e a c h e r w it h th e v a r io u s re la tio n s th a t an in d iv id u a l te a c h e r h a s to a n o r g a n iz e d system o f e d u c a t io n . T e x t-b o o k , assigned r e a d in g s , a n d d is c u s s io n s . DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION t e a c h e r s ’ c o u r se s g iv e n by 85 other departm ents 78. Teachers’ Course in Latin. Assistant Professor Brewster. T w o hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. L ectu r es a n d r e p o r ts u p o n the te xt o f Caasar, C ic e r o , V ir g il, a n d o th e r L a tin a u th o rs com m only r e a d in p r e p a r a t o r y s ch ools. O b serva tion a n d p r a c t ic e te a c h in g . P rereq u is ites , L a tin 7 2 a , 7 2 b , 7 3 a , 7 3 b , 7 5 , 7 6 ; tw o c o u r s e s in E d u c a t io n o r P s y ­ chology f o r th o s e w h o w is h c r e d it in E d u c a tio n . 98. Teachers’ Course in History. Professor Hull. O ne or tw o hours’ credit fo r each sem ester. O ffered annually. T his c o u r s e is d e s ig n e d f o r S e n io r m a jo r s in th e D e p a rtm e n t o f H is to r y , a n d is intended to g iv e the th e o ry a n d p r a c t ic e o f a id s , m eth od s, a n d aim s in the te a c h in g o f history. Art The instruction in this subject is under the direction of the Department of Greek and Latin. Courses are given by Professor Meeteer and Assistant Professor Brewster. The aim o f the courses offered is to study the historical de­ velopment of architecture, sculpture, painting, and the allied arts, as a part of the history of Western civilization, in order to show the share that these arts have had in the creating and fix­ ing of ideals, and in the development of craftsmanship. The principal types and examples of these arts are studied as master­ pieces of achievement, especially for their cultural enjoyment. The work consists of illustrated lectures and indicated reading. 70. The Art of the Greeks. Professor Meeteer. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered in 1 9 2 0 -2 1 . A c o u r s e o f le c tu r e s g iv in g a n in t r o d u c tio n to th e v a r io u s d e p a rtm e n ts o f G reek art, esp ecially a rch ite ctu r e , s cu lp tu re , a n d p a in t in g ; th e p u r p o s e o f th e co u rse , in p a rt, is to giv e som e p r e p a r a t io n f o r fu tu r e v is its to the g r e a t m u s e u m co lle ctio n s o f E u r o p e and A m e r ic a . A k n o w le d g e o f G r e e k is n o t r e q u ir e d . O p e n t o all stu den ts e xce p t Freshm en. T h is c o u r s e is g iv e n in a lte rn a te y e a r s on ly . 76. Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome. Assistant Professor Brewster. Two hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered in 1 9 2 1 -2 2 . L ectu res, illu stra te d w ith the s te r e o p tico n , a n d a s s ig n e d r e a d in g s . T h e d iffe re n t d e ­ partm ents o f R o m a n a rt w ill b e tr e a te d b rie fly , b o th in d e p e n d e n tly a n d in th e ir r e la ­ tion to G r e e k a n d t o m o d e r n a r t ; in p a r t ic u la r th e a p p e a r a n c e o f the a n cie n t c ity will b e d is c u s s e d a n d the e x ta n t m o n u m e n ts d e s c r ib e d . N o k n o w le d g e o f L a tin is required f o r th is c o u r s e ; it is h o p e d it w ill p r o v e o f in te re s t t o th ose w h o e x p e c t som e time to v is it R o m e . O p en to all stu d e n ts e x c e p t F re s h m e n . T h is c o u r s e is g iv e n in alternate y e a r s on ly . 86 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 80. Christian Art and Archaeology. Assistant Professor Brewster. O ne hour a w eek throughout the year. O ffered in 192 0 -2 1. L e c tu r e s illu stra te d w ith th e ste r e o p tico n . T h e a im o f the c o u r s e is to giv e an in t r o d u c tio n to C h ris tia n A rch aeology, a n d to s tu d y e a r ly C h ris tia n a rch itecture, s c u lp tu re , p a in tin g , a n d m o s a ic in th e ir re la tio n to C la s sica l a rt a n d to the a r t o f the R e n a is s a n c e . 152. Renaissance Painting in Italy. Professor Meeteer. Tw o hours a w eek throughout th e yea r. O ffered annually. Ita ly ’ s d efin ite c o n tr ib u t io n to th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f W e s te r n A r t fr o m 1 3 0 0 to 158 0 . B iology The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Spencer Trotter. Samuel Copeland Palmer is As­ sistant Professor. The courses in Biology are designed to give a broad and liberal view o f the facts of life as a part of the general system of culture. The successful completion of the several courses as part of the general work for the degree of A.B. is preparatory to the study of Advanced Biology, Medicine, Forestry, or of Agriculture. Students are thus enabled to enter the .technical schools of the leading universities in the above-named branches. Special work in the dissection of the human body is likewise afforded students who are preparing for the study of Medicine. Courses in both Physics and Chemistry are required as en­ trance by the medical schools. The courses are arranged so as to present a logical sequence throughout the four years of college work for students making Biology their major subject. Students making Biology their major will be required to take one year each in Chemistry or Physics, and the equivalent of two college years in a modern language. The requirement by the foremost medical schools of the coun­ try of two years’ preparation in Biology is fulfilled by these courses in Swarthmore College. These courses likewise lead to the post-graduate work of the university. The Museum of Biology and Geology is an adjunct to the de­ partment of Biology. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, Philadelphia, affords valuable matter for study and reference both in its collections and library. The museum of 87 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION the Wagner Free Institute of Science, Seventeenth Street and Montgomery Avenue, Philadelphia, contains valuable aids to study. The library of the University of Pennsylvania, and the Philadelphia Library, corner Locust and Juniper Streets, are available for consultation and research. The Wistar Institute of Anatomy, Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland Avenue, con­ tains valuable material for study in connection with the pre­ medical courses. 155. General Biology. Professor Trotter and Assistant Professor Palmer. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. Open to F reshm en only. O ffered annually. Class limited. (a) Zoology. Professor Trotter. First Sem ester. — T h is is a n o u tlin e s tu d y o f th e s tr u ctu re , cla ss ific a tio n , d is tr ib u ­ tion , a n d g e n e r a l n a tu r a l h is to r y of a n im als. Two le ctu re s a w eek. Two h o u rs la boratory . (b) Botany. Assistant Professor Palmer. Second Sem ester. — A c o u r s e in b o ta n y d e s ig n e d t o g iv e th e s tu de n t a b r o a d v ie w o f the w h ole field o f p la n t g r o w th , s tr u ctu re , d evelop m en t, d is tr ib u tio n , a n d cla ss ific a tio n . T w o lectu res a w e e k , t w o h o u r s ’ la b o r a t o r y w o r k , in c lu d in g fie ld w o r k in M a y a n d June. 156. Animal Morphology. Professor Trotter and Assistant Professor Palmer. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. A c a r e fu l and d eta iled m ore im p o r ta n t g r o u p s . s tu d y o f th e a n im al ty p e s w ith O ffered annually. la b o r a to r y s tu d y of the T w o le c tu r e s a w e e k , th re e h o u r s la b o r a to r y . Open to students above Freshm an Class. Class limited. P re r e q u is ite , 1 5 5 o r its e q u iv a le n t. (a) gVertebrates. Professor Trotter. First Sem ester. (b) Invertebrates. Assistant Professor Palmer. Second Sem ester. 157. Mammalian Anatomy and Physiology. Professor Trotter. T h ree hours a w eek during Second S em ester. Two le c tu r e s m echanism . on a n a to m y and p h y s io lo g y w it h s p e c ia l O ffered annually r e fe r e n c e to th e hum an T h r e e h o u r s la b o r a to ry . Open to Students above Freshm an Class. B io lo g y m ay a t t h e ir o p tio n Class limited. S tu de n ts n o t m a jo r in g in o m it th e la b o r a t o r y w o r k — r e c e iv in g t w o h o u r s ’ cr e d it. P rer eq u is ites , 1 5 5 a n d 1 5 6 o r th e ir e q u iv a le n ts. 158. Human Anatomy. Professor Trotter. Three hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. A d v a n c e d w o r k in o s teolo g y , the d is s e ctio n o f the c a d a v e r , a n d a stu d y a n d d iss e c­ tion o f th e h u m a n b r a in . S ta n d a r d te x tb o o k s o n a n a to m y . A la b o r a to r y c o u r s e o f six h ou rs a w e e k th r o u g h o u t the y e a r . Open only to Students p reparin g fo r the study of M edicine. P rer eq u is ites , 1 5 5 , 1 5 6 a n d 1 5 7 . A m in im u m o f s ix h o u r s a w e e k is r e q u ir e d in th is co u rse . 88 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 159. Advanced Zoology. Professor Trotter. T h ree hours a w e ek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. S y s te m a tic w o r k o n th e co lle c tio n s in th e M u seu m . 160. Anthropology. Professor Trotter. T h ree hours a w eek during Second S em ester. O ffered armually A c o u r s e o f le c tu r e s o n th e z o o lo g ic a l re la tio n s o f m an , h is h is to r y as a sp e c ie s, and a r e v ie w o f the n a tu r a l h is to r y o f m a n k in d (r a c e , cu ltu r e , a n d g e o g r a p h ic a l d istrib u ­ t io n ) p r o fe s s o r ’ s “ n o te s ,” c o n s u lta tio n o f v a r io u s a u th o rs , w r itte n r e p o r ts o n a ssigned s u b je cts . O pen to Sen iors and Juniors. P r e r e q u is ite , 1 5 5 o r its e q u iv a le n t. 162. Embryology. Assistant Professor Palmer. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered annually. S tu d y o f th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f a ve r te b ra te w it h s p e c ia l r e fe r e n c e t o th e c h ic k . The g r o w t h o f th e c h ic k is fo llo w e d clo s e ly fr o m th e p r im itiv e s tr e a k s ta g e to f o u r days. D r a w in g s a r e r e q u ir e d s h o w in g th e v a r io u s sta ge s o f g r o w t h in w h o le m o u n ts a n d in se le c te d s e ctio n s a lo n g b o th tr a n s v e r s e a n d sag itta l p la n e s. I n c o n n e c t io n w it h this c o u r s e s tu d e n ts a re in s tr u c te d in th e p r o p e r m e th o d s o f fix a tio n , s ta in in g , a n d sec­ t io n in g o f tissu e s a n d in th e u s e o f th e c a m e r a lu c id a . A m in im u m o f s ix h o u r s a w e e k la b o r a t o r y w o r k is r e q u ir e d f o r th is c o u r s e . .O pen to Ju n iors and Seniors. P r e r e q u is ite , 1 5 5 , 1 5 6 . 163. Fundamental Problems in Biology. Assistant Professor Palmer. Tw o hours a w eek throughout the y ea r. O ffered annually. (а ) F irst S em ester. E v o lu t io n a n d B e la te d S u b je cts . ( б ) S econ d Sem ester. G e n e tics a n d E u g e n ic s . A le c tu r e c o u r s e d e v o te d to the d is c u s s io n o f th e p r in c ip le s o f p la n t a n d anim al b r e e d in g . T h e r e w ill b e g iv e n a lso a r e v ie w o f th e h is to r y o f o u r d o m e stica te d -anim als. P r e r e q u is ite , 1 5 5 o r its e q u iv a le n t. 164. Advanced Botany.. Assistant Professor Palmer. . (a ) F irst S em ester. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered antmally. C ry p to g a m ie B o ta n y . I n th is c o u r s e th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f s e x in p la n ts is the k e y n o te o f s tu d y . C a re fu lly selected fo r m s a re s e c u r e d to b r in g o u t th is fe a tu r e i n the la b o r a to r y . S a c h ’ s classi­ fic a tio n o f th e T h a llo p h y te s is u s e d as th e b a s is o f th is co u r s e . ( 5 ) Second Sem ester. S y s te m a tic B o ta n y . A c o u r s e in fie ld w o r k d e v o te d e n tire ly t o th e c la ss ific a tio n o f th e lo c a l flo r a . T rees, s h ru b s , fe r n s , a n d th e s p r in g flo w e r s a re c a r e fu lly s tu d ie d . 166. Biology in Relation to Disease. Assistant Professor Palmer. Tw o hours a w eek throughout F irs t S em ester. O pen to S tudents above Freshm an Class. O ffered annually. P r e r e q u is ite , 1 5 5 o r its e q u iv a le n t. 170. Geology. Professor Trotter. Tw o hours a w eek during F irst S em ester. O ffered annually. L e c t u r e c o u r s e o n th e fu n d a m e n ta l p r in c ip le s o f g e o lo g y a n d p h y s io g r a p h y . O pen to S tudents above Freshm an Class. DEPARTMENTS. AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 89 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor Gellert Alleman. H. Jermain Creighton is Assistant Professor of Chemistry, and Allen I. Myers is Instructor in Chem­ istry. This department does not aim to develop specialists in any particular branch of chemistry, but presents opportunities for a comprehensive general training in this science. The successful completion o f the courses in Chemistry will enable the student to enter upon graduate work at any lead­ ing university, or will be of material assistance to him in various technical pursuits in which he may he engaged. Those intending to prepare for the medical profession will find it advantageous to follow several of the elementary courses here offered. The new and commodious chemical laboratory, with its splen­ did equipment, lends every advantage to thorough and modern instruction in this department. Students who major in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering must have a reading knowledge of Germán before entering upon the chemical work pursued during the third year. They should also be thoroughly familiar with elementary mathematics. The course in Chemistry, as Applied Science, is prescribed for the first and second years. The course in Chemical Engineering is prescribed for four years. Students may major in Chemistry, in a course in Arts, re­ quiring 124 hours for graduation; in Chemistry, as Applied Science, requiring 132 hours for graduation; in Chemical En­ gineering, requiring 140 hours for graduation. 171. General Inorganic Chemistry. Professor Alleman, Assistant Professor Creighton, and Mr. Myers. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. L e ctu r e s , d em on stra tion s, w r itte n e x e r cise s , in d iv id u a l la b o r a t o r y p r a c tic e , an d w eekly c o n fe r e n c e s o n the g e n e ra l p r in c ip le s in v o lv e d i n e le m e n ta ry ch e m is try. T h is co u rse in c lu d e s w o r k s im ila r to th a t o u tlin e d in S m ith, G eneral Chem istry fo r .Colleges. I n th e la b o r a t o r y e a c h s tu d e n t p e r fo r m s a b o u t tw o h u n d r e d ex p e r im e n ts w h ic h a re selected fr o m S m ith a n d H a le , L aboratory Outline o f G eneral Chem istry. C r e d it in th is cou rse is n o t a s s ig n e d u n til th e co m p le tio n o f th e e n tire c o u r s e a t th e e n d o f th e y e a r. 172. Qualitative Analysis. Assistant Professor Creighton. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. O ffered annually. T h e th eory a n d p r a c t ic e in v o lv e d in th e d e te ctio n o f th e ch e m ica l elem en ts. S p e c ia l attention is p a id t o the a p p lic a tio n o f the e le c tr o ly tic d is s o c ia tio n th e o r y t o an alysis, 90 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN a n d the m eta llic a n d n o n m e ta llic elem en ts a re s tu d ie d m o re fu lly th a n in C o u rs e 171. D e m o n s tra tio n s , c o n fe r e n c e s , a n d in d iv id u a l la b o r a t o r y w o r k . T h e te x tb o o k s used a re A . A . N o y e s , Qualitative Analysis, a n d T a lb o t a n d B la n c h a r d , E lectrolytic D is­ sociation T h eory ; B a s k e rv ille a n d C u rtm a n , Qualitative Analysis, is also r e c o m m e n d e d . D u r in g t h e s e c o n d sem ester, stu d e n ts m a k e Q u a n tita tiv e d e te rm in a tio n s o f a n u m ­ b e r o f t y p ic a l io n s a n d b e co m e fa m ilia r w ith the e le m e n ta ry p r in c ip le s o f Q u an tita tiv e A n a ly sis . T h e eq u iv a le n t o f n in e h o u r s o f la b o r a t o r y w o r k p e r w e e k th r o u g h the y e a r , c a r r y ­ in g a c r e d it o f th re e h o u r s f o r e a ch sem ester. C re d it i n th is c o u r s e is n o t a ssign ed u n til th e co m p le tio n o f the e n tire c o u r s e a t th e e n d o f the y e a r . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 1 . 173. Elementary Quantitative Analysis. Professor Alleman and Mr. Myers. T h ree hours a w eek during one sem ester. O ffered an/nually. C om p lete a n a ly s is o f p o ta s s iu m ch lo r id e , c o p p e r su lp h a te, ca lcite , h a em atite, apatite, s p h a le r ite , cla y , P o r t la n d ce m e n t, a n d co a l. F o r stu d en ts ta k in g E n g in e e r in g as th e ir m a jo r s u b je c t. N in e h o u r s o f la b o r a to r y w o r k p e r w e e k th r o u g h o u t o n e sem ester, c a r r y in g a c r e d it o f th re e h o u r s . is a r r a n g e d to su it in d iv id u a l r e q u ire m e n ts . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 2 . T h e tim e 174. Quantitative Analysis. Professor Alleman. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the yea r. D e m o n s tra tio n s m e tr ic a n a lysis. a n d la b o r a t o r y w ork in v o lv in g m e th o d s in O ffered annually. g r a v im e t r ic and v o lu ­ R e q u ir e d o f stu d e n ts w h o select C h e m istry as th e ir m a jo r s u b je c t ; o p e n as an elective to all oth e rs w h o h a v e ta k e n C o u rs e s 1 7 1 a n d 1 7 2 a t this in s titu tio n , o r th.eir e q u iv a le n t- elsew h ere. T h e e q u iv a le n t o f n in e h o u r s o f la b o r a t o r y w o r k p e r w eek th r o u g h o u t the y e a r , c a r r y in g a* c r e d it o f th re e h o u r s f o r e a ch sem ester. T h e tim e is a r r a n g e d to s u it in d iv id u a l re q u ire m e n ts . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 2 . 175. Advanced Quantitative Analysis. Professor Alleman. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester: E x a m in a tio n o f fo o d s a n d f o o d p r o d u c ts , a n d th e ir a d u lte r a n ts . a n a ly s is o f s ew a ge , a n d the s a n ita r y a n a lys is o f w a te r. O ffered annually. W o r k in to x ico lo g y , R e q u ir e d o f stu d e n ts w h o sélect C h e m is try as th e ir m a jo r s u b je c t ; o p e n as a n e lec­ tiv e to all o th e r stu d e n ts w h o h a v e h a d s u fficien t k n o w le d g e o f ch e m is tr y to fo llo w the cou rse. T h e w o r k o n s e w a g e a n d w a te r a n a ly s is is p a r t ic u la r ly a d a p te d to stu den ts in e n g in e e r in g . T h e e q u iv a le n t o f n in e h o u r s o f la b o r a t o r y w o r k p e r w e e k d u r in g the s e c o n d sem ester, c a r r y in g a - c r e d i t o f th re e h o u rs. v id u a l r e q u ire m e n ts . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 4 . T h e tim e is a r r a n g e d to su it in d i­ 176. Physical Chemistry. Assistant Professor Creighton. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. L e c tu r e s a n d la b o r a t o r y w o r k . T h e w o r k c o v e r e d in the le c tu r e c o u r s e in clu d e s the th e r m o d y n a m ic la w s ; the ga se o u s, liq u id , a n d s o lid states o f m a t t e r ; p h y s ic a l m ix ­ t u r e s ; th e th e o r y o f d ilu te s o lu tio n s ; the k in e t ic th e o r y o f g a s e s ; th e r e la tio n b etw een ch e m ica l s tr u c tu r e a n d p h y s ic a l p r o p e r t ie s ; ch e m ica l s ta tics a n d d y n a m ic s ; a n d th e rm o ­ ch em is try. S tre ss is la id o n the a p p lica tio n s o f th e rm o d y n a m ics t o ch e m ica l p rocesses. I n the la b o r a t o r y stu d e n ts m a k e o b s e r v a tio n s o n the b e h a v io r o f so lu tio n s , determ in e m o le c u la r w e ig h ts b y p h y s ic a l m eth od s, m e a s u r e v e lo c itie s o f r e a c tio n s a n d fam ilia rize th em selves w it h th e u s e o f thè r e fr a c to m e te r , th e s p e c tr o s c o p e , a n d th e p o la r is co p e . T h e fo llo w in g b o o k s a re r e c o m m e n d e d : N e rn st, Theoretical C hem istry ; J o n e s , Ele­ m ents o f P hysical C hem istry; Y o u n g , S toich iom etry; W a s h b u r n , P rin cip les o f P hys­ ical Chemistry. T w o le c tu r e s a n d th re e h o u r s p e r w e e k o f la b o r a to r y w o r k . R e q u ir e d o f students w h o select ch em is tr y a s th e ir m a jo r s tu d y . P r e r e q u is ite s , 1 7 4 a n d 2 7 2 . 91 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 177. Organie Chemistry. Professor Alleman and Mr. Myers. T h ree hours a w eek throughout the year. O ffered annually. L ectu r e s, d em on stra tion s, w r itte n exercises,- a n d la b o r a to r y w o r k . T h is c o u r s e i n ­ cludes the w o r k as ou tlin e d in R e m s e n , O rganic Chem istry. I n the la b o r a to r y , s tu ­ dents m ak e a n d s tu d y the v a r io u s o r g a n ic p r e p a r a t io n s as g iv e n in R e m s e n , O rganic Chemistry. R e q u ir e d o f all stu d en ts w h o select C h em istry as th e ir m a jo r s u b je ct. 178. Organic Chemistry (Advanced Course). Myers. A c o n tin u a t io n o f C o u rs e 1 7 7 . Professor Alleman and Mr. L e c tu r e s a n d la b o r a to r y w o r k . I n th e la b o r a to r y , students m ak e all th e p r e p a r a t io n s (n o t p r e v io u s ly m a d e i n C o u r s e 1 7 7 ) , as g iv e n in G a tterm ann , P ra xis des Organischen Chem ikers. A k n o w le d g e o f G e r m a n is re q u ire d . R e q u ir e d o f all stu d en ts w h o se le c t C h e m istry as th e ir m a jo r s u b je ct. 180. Electro-Chemistry. Assistant Professor Creighton. T h ree hours a w eek during the first sem ester. O ffered annually. L e ctu r e s a n d la b o r a t o r y w o r k . T h e la b o r a t o r y w o r k i n th is c o u r s e is a r r a n g e d so th a t th e s tu d e n t m a y o b ta in e x a c t p r a c t ic a l in fo r m a tio n r e g a r d in g the a p p lica tio n o f e le ctricity to ch e m ica l m a n u fa c t u r e , a n d b e co m e p r o fic ie n t i n th e m e a s u re m e n t o f electrica l c o n d u c tiv itie s a n d e le ctro m o tiv e fo r c e s , a n d i n m a k in g e le ctro -ch e m ica l analyses. T h e la b o r a t o r y c o u r s e .a ls o in c lu d e s th e te stin g o f F a r a d a y ’ s la w s a n d the m easu rem en t o f tr a n s p o r t n u m b e rs , the a b s o lu te m ig r a tio n v e lo c it y o f io n s , d e c o m p o s i­ tion v o lta g e a n d h ea t o f n e u tr a liz a tio n . T h e ' fo llo w in g te x tb o o k s a re r e c o m m e n d e d : A beg g, E lectrolytic D issocia tion ; L e B la n c , T extbook of E lectro-C h em istry; O ettel, Electro-Chem ical E xperim ents and E xercises in E lectro-C h em istry; F ish e r, P raktikum der Elektrochem ie, a n d S m ith, E lectro-Chem ical Analysis. R e q u ir e d o f all stu d en ts w h o select C h e m istry as t h e ir m a jo r s u b je c t elective to all o th e r stu d e n ts w h o h a v e a s u fficien t k n o w le d g e o p e n as an o f ch e m is tr y and o f p h y sics to fo llo w th e co u r s e . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 4 a n d 1 7 6 . T h e n u m b e r o f stu d en ts in th is c o u rs e is lim ite d to six. 181. Assaying. Professor Alleman. One hour a w eek du ring the first sem ester. O ffered annually. F ir e a ssays o f o r e s o f g o ld , s ilv e r, le a d , z in c , c o p p e r , a n d o f n u m e r o u s m e ta llu rg ica l p rod u c ts . T h e te x tb o o k u s e d is F u r n a m , P ra ctica l Assaying. T h ree h o u r s o f la b o r a t o r y w o r k p e r w e e k d u r in g the firs t sem ester, c a r r y in g a credit o f o n e h o u r. 182. Mineralogy. Professor Alleman. Tw o hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ffered annually. T h is c o u r s e con s is ts o f le ctu re s o n c r y s ta llo g r a p h y a n d d e s c r ip tiv e m in e r a lo g y ; a n d the d eterm in ation o f m in e ra ls b y the b lo w -p ip e . M o s e s a n d P a r s o n s , M ineralogy. Crystallography and B low pipe Analysis, is u s e d as a g u id e . P r e r e q u is ite , 1 7 0 . 183. Physical Chemistry (Advanced Course). Assistant Professor Creighton. O ne hour a w eek du ring the first sem ester. A O ffered annually. c o n tin u a tio n o f C o u r s e 1 7 6 . Chemical Engineering The extensive demand made on the part o f various industries for men trained both in Engineering and Chemistry, has influ­ enced the establishment of a course which will afford preparation 92 SWABTHMOBE COLLEGE BULLETIN along these special lines. The course, as arranged, includes all the prescribed work required for the degree of A.B. Ample opportunity is also afforded the student in the choice of elective studies. The course, faithfully followed, will give the student a liberal education, and, in addition, special training in Chemical Engineering. The course as outlined follow s: FEESHMAN YEAE Thirty-five “ hours” of prescribed work. See Uniform Curriculum on page 50. SOPHOMOEE YEAE Thirty-seven “ hours” of prescribed work. See Uniform Curriculum on page 51. JUNIOE YEAE First Semester H o u r s p er W e e k See P age Class 116 67 L a b ’y 2 3 C red its 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 or 63 90 91 74 2 78 or E co n o m ics 1 1 1 .......................... 110 110 E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 7 . . E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 8 . . E le m e n ta ry E co n o m ics and R a ilro a d T r a n s p o r ta tio n .. D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... D . C . L a b ................................... 3 2 12 3 3 2 1 18 18 — .— Second Semester 110 110 67 E lectrica l E n gin eerin g 2 3 8 . . E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 7 . . D ir e c t C u rren t L a b o r a to r y . D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... 2 3 3 1 . _2 9 3 3 3 3 .— or 63 90 91 74 2 or 78 3 2 T o t a l s ........................ j 7 15 17 93 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION S E N IO R YEAR First Semester H ou rs p e r W eek See P age Class L ab’y 2 91 78 .- _ C h em istry 1 7 8 .......................... 80 R e lig io n an d P h ilo so p h y 131 1 3 3 3 E co n o m ics 111 or 112 o r 113 91 69 C redits 3 3 . __ ' _ B ib le S t u d y ................................ 2 2 1 3 2 ' — 3 2 1 3 2 T o t a l s ........................ 15 9 18 4 — 2 3 A d v . O rganic C h e m is try----- 3 _ _ Second Semester 109 78 74 91 80 ............. .. _, E ngin eering 2 3 2 E con om ics 111 or 112 o r 113 E xp erim en tal L a b o r a to r y . _ _ _ C h em istry 1 7 8 .......................... R elig ion a n d P h ilo so p h y 131 T hesis (C h e m ic a l)................... A d v . O rgan ic C h e m is tr y . B ib le S t u d y ............................... L a b o ra to ry R e s e a r c h 2 1 — 2 1 ----12 — 3 1 4 2 ..... 8 19 15 3 ... ...... T o t a l s ............. 9 Engineering C IV IL , M E C H A N IC A L , AND E L E C T R IC A L , The instruction in this department is under the direction of Professor George F. Blessing. Lewis Fussell is Assistant Pro­ fessor of Electrical Engineering, Charles G. Thatcher is As­ sistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Ernest C. White is Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering and E. Shannon Bradfield is Instructor in charge of Shop Work. The courses in Engineering are designed to train men in the fundamental principles that underlie the branch in which they are majoring, and to give such engineering and practical work as time and equipment will permit. The location of the College near Philadelphia and the important manufacturing centers in its vicinity enables stu­ dents to visit a great variety of industrial and engineering works. 94 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN A man must supplement a technical course by experience in practice and contact with real engineering work before he can attain his power as an engineer, and it is hoped that these visits will prove of value to the student when he begins practical engineering work. The success of an engineer has come more and more to depend upon his ability to meet men of education and culture^ on equal terms; hence, courses in liberal arts are carried throughout the four years in the belief that they will ultimately benefit the students. The technical courses of study are arranged and con­ ducted with the purpose of imparting a liberal preparation for immediate usefulness in the office, drafting room, or field. When circumstances permit, undergraduates are encouraged to engage in engineering work during the summer vacation. The experi­ ence and maturity so gained are of great value in subsequent collegiate and professional work. The instruction in this department is given both by lectures and recitations; in the drafting room, the field work, the labora­ tory, and shop the aim is to adapt the instruction to the indi­ vidual needs o f the student. THE E Q U IP M E N T The Field Equipment for practice in surveying includes tran­ sits, levels, plane tables, compasses and other auxiliary apparatus o f the best makes and latest designs. Engineering Library and Club Room. This is a large, beau­ tifully furnished room on the second floor of Beardsley Hall. It is equipped with electrical connections for stereopticon lantern or motion picture machine. The book shelves in this room con­ tain about one thousand volumes o f technical works in which is included transactions of engineering societies and bound volumes of the most important technical papers and journals. Current issues of all the leading engineering magazines are also to be found on the reading tables. Drafting Rooms. The drafting rooms are equipped with draw­ ing tables, stools and cabinets. In addition to the above equip­ ment this department has a ten-inch Sibley wood turning lathe, with many extra parts, and a duplex power driven pump for DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 95 the use of Freshmen in sketching. The Junior and Senior draw­ ing rooms are also equipped with filing cabinets containing blue prints and other data to aid the student in the design courses. The Engineering Laboratories. The Materials Laboratory con­ tains a 15,000-pound Olsen testing machine, and a larger one having a capacity of 100,000 pounds. Both machines are fitted for tests in tension, compression and deflection. In addition, there is a 50,000-pound Olsen torsional testing machine, and micrometers for measuring, elongation, compression and deflec­ tion ; a Fairbank’s cement testing machine with a complete equip­ ment for making tests on cement; a White-Souther endurance testing machine, a Shore scleroscope, an Upton-Lewis endurance testing machine and a complete equipment for the heat treatment of metals. For tests in mechanical engineering the equipment consists of steam and, gas engine indicators, plainimeters, tachometers, steam and coal calorimeters, pyrometers, gauge and indicator testing apparatus. This laboratory also contains oil and grease testing apparatus, a Junker calorimeter for gas and liquid fuel tests and gas analysis apparatus. In the Gas Engine Laboratory the apparatus consists of a fivehorse-power Otto gas engine, a ten-horse-power Quincy gasoline and kerosene engine, a four-cylinder twenty-horse-power Rutenber automobile engine direct connected to a Tracy fan dyna­ mometer, a ten-horse-power Mietz and Weiss fuel oil engine and a vertical fifty-horse power two-cylinder Bruce-Maebeth gas en­ gine. The above engines are fitted for testing with Prony brakes, indicating apparatus, etc. This laboratory also contains a “ Recco” Rider-Ericsson hot-air engine. The Steam Engine Laboratory contains a fifty-horse power 8 in. x 13 in. x 10 in. Ideal tandem-compound high-speed engine, a 10 in. x 24 in. Wetherell-Corliss engine, a seven-kilowatt hori­ zontal Curtis turbine direct connected to a direct-current dy­ namo installed with a separate switchboard. This laboratory also contains a 5 in. x 8 in. vertical slide-valve engine. The above engines can be run condensing or non-condensing. The con­ densing apparatus consists of a Wheeler surface condenser. The steam engine equipment in the College power plant consists of 96 SWABTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN two one-hundred-horse-power and one sixty-five-horse-power Har­ risburg high-speed engines. The boiler room contains four one-hundred-and-twenty-five horse-power horizontal return tubular boilers fitted with turbo blowers and automatic damper regulator. F or testing the boil­ ers the plant is equipped with a W ilcox automatic feed water weigher, coal weighing apparatus, flue gas analysis apparatus, etc. The equipment of the Hydraulic Laboratory consists of a D ’Olier centrifugal pump direct connected with a ten-horse­ power direct current motor and fitted with necessary apparatus for conducting a complete test such as weirs, nozzles, gauges, etc. A fifteen-horse-power Christiana turbine water wheel fitted with Prony brake, hook gauges, weirs, etc. A small impulse water wheel of the Pelton type. The Direct Current Laboratory contains a plug type switch­ board supplied with direct current power and connected with the alternating switchboard so that the equipment in both lab­ oratories may be used in either. It makes possible the rapid connection in parallel or series of all the apparatus. The me­ chanical power for this room is derived from a twenty-five-horsepower variable speed induction motor, and the direct current power from the substation located in the adjoining room. This is equipped with two twenty-five-kilowatt one-hundred-and-tenvolt direct current generators of Westinghouse make driven by two thirty-five-horse-power three-phase General Electric induc­ tion motors; and one fifty-kilowatt General Electric induction motor-generator set. In addition to the usual control apparatus there is installed a Tirrill automatic voltage regulator, giving very steady voltage. The apparatus includes shunt, series and compound wound motors and generators, motor-generators and variable speed motors of various types, together with the neces­ sary starting, field and load rheostats. The meters are of the most accurate type, the range being from .001 to 500 amperes and from .001 to 750 volts. The Alternating Current Laboratory has a switchboard similar to but larger than the one in the direct-current laboratory. It is supplied with direct current and with twelve different alter­ nating voltages, the latter being obtained from a bank o f three DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OE INSTRUCTION 97 twenty-KV-A step-down transformers. In addition to this sin­ gle- and three-phase supply a p a ir ' of Scott transformers of four-KV-A rating deliver two-phase power, and a 7.5-KV-A synchronous generator in the laboratory supplies one, two, three, six or twelve phases. The main power: supply comes from the power plant, where two seventy-five K V -A and one fifty-KV-A revolving field alternator develop three-phase power at twentythree hundred volts. A good modem switchboard is rendered doubly useful for teaching purposes, since there are more than the usual number of switchboard meters which make checking and comparison more effective. Here also there is a Tirrill volt­ age regulator. In the laboratory in addition to the resistances, inductances, and condensers (one hundred and forty microfarads) there are transformers, single- and three-phase induction motors of several types, a repulsion motor, an inductor generator, two synchronous converters, a synchronous motor, synchronous gen­ erator and a variable frequency motor generator set giving from twenty to seventy cycles per second. Single-phase and three-phase induction potential regulators give close voltage control. There are a number of high-grade ammeters, voltmeters, and wattmeters which make it possible to read closely any current from .1 to 400 amperes and any pressure from 10 to 3,000 volts. A vibrating reed frequency meter, a synchroscope, a contact device for wave form, a power factor meter, recording and integrating meters are available. A fully equipped General Electric oscillograph is freely used to show wave shape and phase relations. For the work in illumination there are a Bunsen photometer of. semi-portable type, a three-meter Queen photometer with Lummer-Brodhun screen, revolving head, etc,; a portable SharpMiliar illuminometer. Many types of lamps and types of glass­ ware are at hand and a study is made o f the various types of lighting around the college to determine where each would be best applied for interior or outdoor work. SHOP WORK This work extends through two years for all engineering stu­ dents, and may be continued if desired. The Machine Shop occupies a large portion of the second floor 98 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN o f Beardsley Hall and it has a floor area of 3,300 square feet. It is well lighted and is arranged so that the machine and bench work are entirely separated. A large tool room is centrally lo­ cated and is in charge o f an assistant, who supplies individual tools on a check system, *as is done in commercial shops. The machine shop contains an excellent assortment of tools, including screw-cutting engine lathes; speed lathes, simple and back-geared; a planer; a complete universal milling machine with milling cutters; a shaper; a twist-drill grinder, and two vertical drill presses; a lathe-center grinder; plain and swivel vises; lathe chucks, universal and independent, also drill chucks; chucks fo r milling machine and vises fo r planing; surface plates; standard gauges and a complete equipment o f small tools. The equipment o f the machine shop includes two Hamilton engine lathes, 16 in. x 6 f t . ; a Lodge and Shipley lathe of similar size, a Whitney wet tool grinder, and a 16 in. x 8 ft. Champion engine lathe o f rugged design for the demonstration o f high speed cutting tools. This lathe is double back geared, has taper turning attachment, compound rest and quick change gear device giving forty changes o f threads without removing a gear. The gearing on all lathes is covered by guards or casings to prevent accidents. The Woodworking Shop extends through the entire length of the third floor of Beardsley Hall, and has a floor area o f more than 3,300 square feet. The work benches are fitted with quick­ acting vises and other accessories and are provided with drawers and tool cabinets in sufficient number to assign each student a container for his tools and exercises. The plan of individual assignment of tools and supplies is followed here, and each stu­ dent is provided with a complete set o f tools. A ll of the woodworking machinery is of the latest design and each unit has a direct motor drive, and is equipped with approved safety devices. The equipment includes the following machines: 24-inch Oliver Hand Planer and Jointer. 36-inch Oliver Single Surfaces. 38-inch Oliver Band Saw. Oliver Universal W ood Trimmer. Colburn Universal Circular Saw. Mummert, W olf, and Dixon Oil Tool Grinder. DEPABTMENTS AND COURSES OE INSTRUCTION 99 6-inch Bench type Oliver Hand Jointer. Post Drill Press and Boring Machine. 24-inch Oliver W ood Turning Lathe. 8 12-inch Oliver Motor Head W ood Turning Lathes. The tool room is equipped with all small tools and necessary stock for a complete course in elementary pattern making and wood working. The Forge Shop. This equipment consists of ten fires, and one. additional master fire. These forges are operated on the down-draft principle, and were designed and constructed for this shop by the Buffalo Forge Company. The forge shop is situated on the ground floor-of the building and covers an area of more than 1,000 square feet. The Foundry is also located on the first floor, and has a floor space of more than 1,500 square feet. A gas heated cupola or furnace is in use for melting metals in crucibles. The addi­ tional equipment consists of moulding benches, flasks and other accessory apparatus. Fees. A fee of five dollars for each semester will be charged for each course in woodworking, forging and machine practice. A fee o f two dollars for each semester will be charged for each course in field practice and surveying. An additional fee of two dollars will be charged for the annual survey. A Deposit of five dollars will be. required of each student en­ rolling for a course in shop work or founding. This deposit will be retained to cover breakage and loss o f tools or supplies, and, after deducting for such items, the balance will be refunded upon the completion of the course. BEARDSLEY H A L L This building is of concrete block construction with reinforced concrete floors, columns, and stairs. It is three stories high. In architectural design it is simple and effective, representing the latest and best type of factory building construction. The ground floor contains the forge shop, the foundry, a tool room, a room used for experimental and research work on the heat treatment of metals, a store room for stock, a vault for records, a lavatory, and a locker room equipped with steel lockers. 100 SWAETHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN On the second floor is located the main machine shop, equipped with high grade metal working machines, tool room and depart­ mental offices. This floor also contains a class room and an en­ gineering library, where the student will find a large collection of technical hooks and periodicals. The third floor, which is similar in plan and dimensions to the second floor, contains the woodworking department. It also con­ tains a tool room, a stock room, offices and a safety museum. THE M AJO R IN E N G IN E E R IN G The engineering courses extend through four years; and, in this respect, differ from the other major courses offered in the College, which are elected at the beginning o f the second year and extend through the three subsequent years. The students in Engineering have thus their entire course arranged with the advice and consent of their course adviser in Engineering. The major in Engineering may be taken in one of three courses: Mechanical, Electrical, or Civil Engineering. The courses of study constituting the m ajor in Engineering are given in detail below. The work for the first two years is common to all students in Mechanical, Electrical, and Civil Engineering and includes work in English, Pure Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Drawing and Shop Work. The work offered in the shops throughout the several courses is intended to teach the principles o f manufacturing and to familiarize the student with methods and processes of the ihechanic arts. The student works in the various shops of the de­ partment, and completes in each a series o f practical exercises. He thus obtains some knowledge of the nature and properties of the various materials he employs, and becomes familiar with the use and care of the more important hand and machine tools. A complete checking, cost, and time-keeping system is in opera­ tion throughout the shops. The system is in charge of a shop clerk, and each student is required to spend a part o f his time in the office to familiarize himself with the. system. The object is to make the shop courses not only a means o f developing the powers o f observation and judgment, together with the acquisi­ DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OP INSTRUCTION 101 tion of mechanical skill, hut to familiarize the student with busi­ ness methods and make the shops serve as a laboratory for work in Industrial Organization. During the third year the Mechanical Engineering students take up work in Kinematics of Machinery and Drawing, while those in Civil Engineering are assigned Field Practice, and Ele­ mentary Structural Design. During the fourth year, opportunity is offered for more definite specialization in the branches of Me­ chanical, Electrical, and Civil Engineering as indicated in the courses outlined. ADVANCED D EG REES IN CIVIL, M ECHANICAL, AND E LE C TR IC A L ENGINEERING The advanced degrees of Mechanical Engineer (M .E .), Elec­ trical Engineer ( E .E .),‘and Civil Engineer (C .E .), may be ob­ tained by graduates who have received their Bachelor’s degree in engineering upon the fulfilling of the requirements given below: 1. The candidate must have been connected with practical engineering work for three years since receiving his first degree. 2. He must have had charge of engineering work and must be in a position of responsibility and trust at the time of appli­ cation. 3. He must make application and submit an outline of the thesis he expects to present, one full year before the advanced degree is to be conferred. A fter this application is made he will receive an'outline course of study to pursue during the year. 4. The thesis must be submitted for approval, and satisfactory evidence given that the reading requirement has been met one calendar month before the time of granting the degree. 5. Every candidate shall pay a registration fee of $5 and an additional fee of $20 when the degree is conferred. C ourses op I. Civil Engineering. Freshman year. See page 50. Sophomore year. See page 51, S tudy 102 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN J U N IO R YEAR First Semester H o rn s p e r W eek See P age 107 113 46 116 110 108 110 C lass M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 215 M a th e m atics 2 5 6 . . . G r o u p 2 .................... . P h y sics 2 7 2 .......... E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 7 . . S u rv e yin g 2 2 4 . . . E lectrical E ngin eering 2 3 8 . . M e ch a n ics o f M a te r ia ls . . . . 3 D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... 2 D ir e c t C u rren t L a b o r a to r y . L a b ’y C i edits — 3 2 — 3 1 13 12 17 2 3 6 4 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 13 16 19 Second Semester 107 114 46 110 110 106 109 116 E ngin eering 2 1 5 ............. M a th e m atics 2 5 7 . . . . G r o u p 2 ................ E lectrical E ngin eering 2 3 7 . . E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 3 8 . . C iv il E ngin eering 1 9 6 . .. M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 232 P h y sics 272 or E le c tiv e ___ M e ch a n ics o f M a te r ia ls . . . . D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .. . . D ir e c t C u rren t L a b p r a to ry . E xp erim en tal L a b o r a to r y .. . T o t a ls ........................ i 3 3 3 2 S E N IO R YEAR First Semester H ou rs p e r W eek See P age 108 106 46 108 107 80 Class C iv il E n gin eerin g 2 2 6 ............ C iv il E ngin eering 1 9 8 ............ G r o u p 3 ............. .. E ngin eering 2 2 5 .......... M . E . 2 16 o r E le c tiv e ............ R elig io n and P h ilo so p h y 131 L a b ’y Credits S tru ctu ral D e s ig n ................. 2 2 3 3 S team M a c h in e r y ............... B ib le S t u d y ................................ 3 2 — 3 2 T o t a ls ........................ 15 9 18 15 18 Second Semester 108 46 109 106 80 C iv il E ngin eering 2 2 6 ............ G r o u p 3 ........................... E le c t iv e ......................... C iv il E ngin eering 2 2 8 . . . C iv il E ngin eering 1 9 8 . . . T h esis o r E le c t iv e ............ R elig io n a n d P h ilo so p h y 131 3 B ib le S t u d y ................................ T o t a ls ........................ II. Mechanical Engineering. Freshman year. See page 50. Sophomore year. See page 51, 1 13 103 DEPARTMENTS AND COUESES OP INSTRUCTION J U N IO R TEAR H ou rs p er W eek First Semester See Page 107 113 46 116 110 105 107 110 Class M ech a n ics o f M a te r ia ls . . . In tegral C a lcu lu s .................. E ngin eering 2 1 5 ..................... M a th em atics 2 5 6 .................. G r o u p 2 ..................................... P h y sics 2 7 2 .............. E lectrical E ngin eering 2 3 7 . M ec h a n ica l E ngin eering 195 M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 214 E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 8 . . A d v a n ce d P h y s ic s ................ D ir e c t C u rren t .T h e o iy . K in e m a tic D r a w in g ............. K in e m a t ic s .............................. D ir e c t C u r ie n t L a b o ra to ry T o t a l s ...................... C redits Lab’y 2 — — 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 15 11 19 _ _ 3 3 3 2 2 — — 2 . — 6 ___ Second Semester M ech a n ics o f M a te r ia ls . . . . 107 114 E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 3 7 . . D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... E lectrica l E n gin eerin g 2 3 8 . . D ir e c t C u rren t L a b o r a to r y . M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 232 E xperim en tal L a b o r a to r y . . M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 195 P h y sics 272 o r E le c tiv e ......... A d v a n ce d P h y s ic s ................... 3 3 a 2 1 2 1 3 — — N i 11 110 110 109 105 116 __ 3 3 3 2 3 4 3 3 13 13 18 --------------- S E N IO R YEAR H ou rs p e r W e e k First Semester See Page Class 107 106 M ec h a n ica l E ngin eering 217 M ec h a n ica l E n gin eerin g 197 108 109 107 80 M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 233 M ec h a n ica l E ngin eering 216 R e lig io n a n d P h ilo so p h y 131 3 M a ch in e D e s ig n D r a w in g .. . 3 3 E xp erim en ta l L a b o r a to r y . . . B ib le S tu d y ................................ 3 2 14 L a b ’y — 6 — 4 .— 10 Second Semester 107 106 M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 217 M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 197 109 108 111 M ech a n ica l E n gin eerin g 233 M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 219 M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 2 49 80 R eligion and P h ilo so p h y 131 M a ch in e D e s ig n . . . . . . . . . . M a ch in e D esign D r a w in g .. . 2 6 3 2 E xp erim en ta l L a b o r a t o r y .. . P o w e r P la n t s ........................• P rin cip les o f M a n u factu rin g L a b o ra to ry R e s e a r c h ............. B ib le S t u d y ................................ T o t a l s ........................ — 4 3 1 6 1 12 16 C redits 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 18 104 SWAKTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN III. Electrical Engineering. Freshman year. See page 50. Sophomore year. See page 51. J U N IO R YEAR First Semester H o u rs p e r W e e k See P a ge 113 46 116 107 110 110 110 Class M a th e m atics 2 5 6 ..................... G r o u p 2 ....................................... P h y sics 2 7 2 ............................. E ngin eering 2 1 5 ....................... E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 7 . . E le c t iv e ....................................... E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 3 9 . . E lectrica l E n gin eerin g 2 3 8 . . L a b ’y C redits M e ch a n ics o f "M a te ria ls . . . D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... 3 2 Illu m in a tio n ........................... D ir e c t C u rren t L a b o r a to r y . 1 2 3 1 T o t a ls ........................ 14 8 19 2 Second Semester 114 46 110 110 107 109 116 M a th em atics 2 5 7 ............. G r o u p 2 ....................................... E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 3 7 . . E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 3 8 . . E ngin eering 2 1 5 ..................... M ec h a n ica l E ngin eering 232 E le c t iv e ................................ P h y sics 272 o r E le c tiv e ......... D ir e c t C u rren t T h e o r y .......... D ir e c t C u rie n t L a b o r a to r y . M ech a n ics o f M a t e r ia ls . . . . E xp erim en ta l L a b o r a to r y .. . 3 3 2 3 3 6 2 T o t a l s ........................ 3 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 13 3 12 ' 19 S E N IO R Y E A R First Semester H ou rs p e r W eek See P a ge Class 110 110 E lectrical E ngin eering 2 4 0 . . E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 4 1 . . 46 108 110 E le c t iv e .................. .................... G r o u p 3 ......................... .... C iv il E ngin eering 2 2 5 ......... E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 4 2 . . 111 107 E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 4 6 . . M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 216 A lte rn a tin g C u rren t T h e o r y A ltern atin g C u rren t L a b o ra t o r y ......................................... C en tra l S tation s a n d P o w e r T ra n s m is sio n ...................... L a b ’y J — C redits 3 3 3 1 3 S team M a c h in e r y .................... 3 1 3 — 3 T o t a ls . ..................... 16 3 19 105 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION H ou rs p er W e e k Second Semester See Page 110 111 111 49 108 111 Class E lectrical E ngin eering 243 . . E lectrical E n gin eerin g 2 4 4 . . E lectrical E ngin eering 2 4 5 . . G r o u p 3 ....................................... Elective^....................................... M ech a n ica l E ngin eering 219 E lectrica l E ngin eering 2 4 6 . . T hesis or E le c t iv e ................... mb 3 1 P o w e r P lants C o n fe re n ce s, Crediti __ 3 3 ■— 3 3 P o lyp h a s e C u rre n ts . . P o lyp h a s e L a b o ra to ry . E le c tr ic R a ilw a y s . . . . L a b ’y - __ ï 13 T o ta ls 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 2 19 191. Engineering Drawing. S ix hours a w eek during the first sem ester. Tw o hours* credit L in e a r d r a w in g , letterin g , m o d e l a n d o b je c t s k e tc h in g o f m a c h in e p a rts. O pen to F resh m en . 192. Engineering Drawing. S ix hours a w eek during the second sem ester. Tw o hours’ credit. T his w o r k is in te n d e d to in s tr u c t th e s tu d e n t in the m a k in g a n d r e a d in g o f co m ­ m ercial w o r k in g d r a w in g s . T h e c h a r a c te r o f th e w o r k is s u c h as is fo llo w e d in the best m o d e rn d r a ft in g ro o m s , a n d a tte n tio n is g iv e n t o s ta n d a r d co n v e n tio n s , ta b u ­ lations, titlin g , etc. O pen to F resh m en . 193. Descriptive Geometry. S ix hours a w eek during the first sem ester. Tw o hours’ credit T h is w o r k c o n sists o f le ctu re s , re c ita tio n s , a n d d r a w in g -b o a r d w o r k u p o n the presen tation o f lin es, p la n e s, a n d s o lid s ; ta n g e n c ie s , in te rs e ctio n s, s e ctio n s, d e v e lo p ­ m ents a n d is o m e tr ic p r o je c t io n . I t is in te n d e d *to g iv e th e stu d e n t a n u n d e r s ta n d in g o f the th e o ry o f p r o je c t io n a n d th e p r in c ip le s n e c e s s a r y to the p r o p e r d e lin e a tio n an d in terp reta tion o f - c o n s tr u c tiv e d r a w in g s . W o r k is d o n e in all q u a d ra n ts, b u t th e p r a c ­ tical p rob lem s, in t r o d u c e d to illu stra te th e a p p lic a tio n o f th e s u b je c t to s u b se q u e n t w ork iii d esig n , a re s h o w n in the t h ir d q u a d ra n t. O pen to S o p h o m o r e s : p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 1 9 2 a n d 2 5 1 . 194. Empirical Design and Machine Drawing. S ix hours a w eek during the second sem ester. Tw o hours’ credit. M a ch in e d r a w in g a n d e m p ir ic a l d e s ig n in g , a n e x te n s io n o f the w o r k in 1 9 2 . P ro­ p o rtio n in g o f m a c h in e d etails as fix e d b y p r a c t ic e a n d e m p ir ic a l m eth ods. M a k in g and u s in g s ta n d a r d d a ta s h e e ts. M a k in g o f assem bly d r a w in g s . T h e g e n e ra l aim o f the c o u rs e is t o g iv e th e b e g in n e r a d rill in th e p r o p o r t io n in g o f s u ch p a rts as are fixed b y c o m m o n p r a c t ic e , e m p ir ic a l fo rm u la e , ra th e r th a n b y m ath e m a tical th e o ry and to a p p ly the w o r k o f 1 9 2 . O pen to S o p h o m o r e s ; p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 192 and 193. 195. Kinematic Drawing. Six hours a w eek during the first sem ester and three during the second. T h ree hours credit. D r a w in g -b o a r d a p p lic a t io n o f C o u rs e 2 1 4 . S o lu tio n o f m e ch a n is m b y m e an s ot stant cen ter s, d e s ig n in g o f ca m s, g e a rs , lin k a g e s , e tc. D r a w in g o f v e lo c ity a n d a c ­ celeration d ia g ra m s. O pen to J u n io r s in M . E . ; p re re q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 £ 4 , a n d niP-st b e tp k e n w it h C o qrge m 106 SWARTH MOKE COLLEGE BULLETIN 196. Elements of Stfuctural Design. S ix hours a w eek during the second sem ester. T w o hours’ credit. C o m p u ta tio n o f stresses in tru sse s, m a in ly b y g r a p h ic m eth od s. T h e fo rm s and s tren gth o f jo in t s a n d fa s te n in g s u s e d in h e a v y fr a m in g . B e sid e s th e g r a p h ic analysis o f sim p le b eam s a n d r o o f tru sse s, co m p le te d e ta il d e sig n s a n d w o r k in g d r a w in g s o f jo in t s to re s is t la r g e ten sile stresses, a n d o f a w o o d e n r o o f t r u s s f o r g iv e n sp e c ific a ­ tio n s . E lem en ts o f d e s ig n in g in s tr u c tu r a l steels. R e q u ir e d o f C iv il E n g in e e r in g . s tu d e n ts o n ly . O pen to C o u rs e s 1 9 3 a n d 1 9 4 , a n d m u s t b e ta k e n w ith C o u r s e 2 1 5 . J u n io r s ; prereq u isites, 197. Drawing and Design. S ix hours a w eek during each sem ester. Tw o hours’ credit fo r each semester. D r a w in g -r o o m p ro b le m s in e le m e n ta ry m a c h in e d e s ig n illu s tr a tin g th e w o r k as g iv e n in 1 9 5 . I n th is c o u r s e th e s tu d e n t f o r th e firs t tim e u n d e r ta k e s th e d e s ig n o f a co m p le te m a c h in e , la y in g o u t the g e n e r a l ou tlin e s, p r o p o r t io n in g th e d e tails theoret­ ica lly , a n d m o d ify in g h is resu lts b y p r a c t ic a l co n s id e r a tio n s . A ll co m p u ta tio n s neces­ s a r y f o r the co m p le te d e s ig n m u s t b e c a r e fu lly a n d syste m a tica lly m a d e a n d kept. W o r k in g d r a w in g s o f the m o st im p o r ta n t d e tails a n d a fin ish e d a ssem bly d r a w in g o f th e m a c h in e a r e com p leted . O p en to S e n io rs in M . E . ; p r e re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 1 9 3 a n d 1 9 4 , a n d m u s t b e taken w ith 2 1 7 . 198. Structural Design. S ix hours during sem ester. first sem ester. T h ree T h ree hours’ credit. hours’ credit. S ix hours during second C o m p u ta tio n o f stresses'; ty p e s a n d d e tails o f b r id g e a n d r o o f t r u s s e s ; reports, d r a w in g s ; com p le te d e s ig n o f a p late g ir d e r a n d a th r o u g h P r a t t r a ilw a y b rid g e . O p en to S e n io r s in 0 . E . ; p re re q u is ite , C o u r s e 1 9 6 . 199. Topographical Drawing. T h ree hours a w e e k during first sem ester. One hour’s credit. A t o p o g r a p h ic m a p w ill b e d r a w n fr o m th e fie ld n o te s o f the a n n u a l su rv e y . O p en to S e n io r s in C . E . ; p re re q u is ite , th e a n n u a l s u rv e y . 203. Pattern Making. S ix hours a w eek during first sem ester and alternates w ith 204 during second semester. Tw o hours’ credit fo r first sem ester amd one hour’s cred it fo r second semester. A p r e lim in a r y c o u r s e o f in s tr u c t io n in th e u s e o f h a n d a n d m a c h in e to o ls f o r w o o d ­ w o r k in g , fo llo w e d b y g r a d e d in s tr u c tio n in p a tte rn -m a k in g , c o n s t r u c tio n o f c o r e boxes, e tc. O p en t o F re s b m e n . 204. Foundry Work. T h ree hours a w eek during the second sem ester. O ne hour’s credit. M o u ld in g , m ix in g , and. c a s tin g o f m etals a n d co r e -m a k in g , e tc. T h e s tu d e n t is re ­ q u ir e d to p r o d u c e ca s tin g s fr o m th e co m p le te set o f p a tte rn s m a d e in C o u rs e 2 0 3 . O p en to F re s h m e n . 205. Forge Work. T h ree hours a w eek du ring th e first sem ester. One hour’s credit. F o r g in g , w e ld in g , to o l-d r e ss in g , te m p e r in g , etc., a n d a s tu d y o f p re s s a n d die w ork a n d " d r o p fo rg in g s .'* O p e n t o S o p h o m o r e s. 107 DEPARTMENTS AND COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 206. Machine Work. Three hours a w eek during th e first sem ester wnd six during the second. credit fo r first sem ester and tw o fo r the second. One hour’s U se o f m e a s u r in g tools, h a n d a n d m a c h in e to o ls, fittin g a n d a ssem blin g. O p e ratio n and use o f jig s a n d oth er m a n u fa c t u r in g fixtu re s. O pen t o S op h o m o r e s. 207. Machine Work. O ne w eek preceding the opening o f college. O pen t o J u n io r s a n d S e n io rs. A c o n tin u a tio n o f 2 0 6 . 213. Materials of Construction. T w o hours a w eek during the first semester. T h is c o u r s e con s is ts o f a s tu d y o f the p h y s ic a l p r o p e r t ie s a n d m eth od s o f m a n u ­ fa ctu re o f th e v a r io u s m a te ria ls u s e d in e n g in e e r in g c o n s tr u c tio n . I t d o e s n o t trea t o f the s tren gth o f m ateria ls as g iv e n in th e c o u r s e o n M e c h a n ics o f M a te rials. [ 2 1 5 . ] O pen to S o p h o m o r e s ; p re re q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 7 1 . 214. Kinematics. Tw o recitations a w eek during the first sem ester. T w o hours’ credit. T h eor y o f .m e ch a n is m , in s ta n t ce n te r s, ca m s, g e a rs , lin k a g e s , e tc. V e lo c ity and a ccelera tion d ia g ra m s. O pen t o J u n io r s ; p re re q u is ite , C o u rs e 1 9 4 . 215. Mechanics of Materials. Three recitations a w eek during first sem ester. T h ree hours’ credit. Tw o recitations amd one lecture a w eek during second sem ester. T h ree hours’ credit. T h is c o u r s e c o n tin u e s t h r o u g h o u t th e y e a r a n d c r e d it w ill n o t b e g iv e n f o r a sin gle semester. T h is c o u r s e tre a ts o f th e re s is ta n c e o f m a te ria ls, ce n te r o f g r a v ity , m om en t o f inertia, r iv e te d jo in ts , m e c h a n ic s o f beam s, co lu m n s , s h a fts ; c o m b in e d stresses, tem ­ pera tu re stresses, im p a ct a n d re s ilie n c e . O pen to J u n io r s ; p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 2 5 6 and 213. 216. Steam Machinery. T h ree hours a w eek du ring tl\e first sem ester. T h ree hours’ credit. T h e c o u r s e c o v e r s th e ele m e n ta ry c o n s id e r a t io n o f the b e h a v io r o f ga se s a n d v a p o r s ; theoretical h e a t e n g in e s ; a p p lic a tio n o f th e o ry to steam e n g in e s ; p r in c ip le s g o v e r n in g the tr a n s fe r o f h e a t fr o m h o t ga se s to w a t e r ; p r in c ip le s o f c o m b u s tio n ; b o ile r fu r n a c e s and g r a t e s ; ty p e s o f b o ile r s ; fe e d -w a te r h ea ters, e co n o m iz e rs , s u p e r h eaters, a d v a n ­ tages o f c o n d e n s in g ; ty p e s o f c o n d e n se r s, co n d e n s e r p u m p s, etc. O pen t o S e n io r s ; p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 1 7 1 , 2 5 6 , 2 7 2 , a n d 273. 217. Machine Design. One lecture and tw o recitations a w eek du ring the first sem ester. T h ree hours’ credit O ne lecture a/nd one recita tion du ring th e second sem ester. Tw o hours’ credit. A n a ly sis of com p lete m a c h in e s . S e le c tio n of m e ch a n is m fo r s p e c ifie d w ork and stu dy o f p r a c t ic a l co n s id e r a tio n s in v o lv e d . A n a ly s is o f e n e r g y a n d fo r c e p ro b le m s in m achines. D e te r m in a tio n o f d r iv in g d e v ice s a s b a s e d o n w o r k to b e d o n e . P r o p o r ­ tion in g o f d e ta iled p a r ts as d icta te d b y stre ss a n d p r a c t ic a l co n sid e ra tio n s. A p p li­ cation o f th e la w s o f M e c h a n ic s a n d K in e m a tic s to the d e s ig n o f m a c h in e s a n d a d is­ cu ssion o f e m p ir ic a l d esig n a n d m o d ifica tio n s d u e to p r a c t ic a l co n sid e ra tio n s. O p en to S e n io r s ; p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 2 1 4 a n d 1 9 5 , a n d m u st b e ta k e n w ith 1 9 7 . 108 SWARTHMOBE COLLEGE BULLETIN 218. Pumping Machinery. Tw o hours a w eek during second sem ester. hours’ cred it. L ectu res, recitations and problem s. Two T h is c o u r s e c o n sists o f the th e o ry o f a ir c o m p re s so rs , d e sig n o f d is t r ib u t in g system s a n d co m p re s se d a ir » p la n t s ; s tu d y o f m a c h in e s f o r p u m p in g liq u id , w ith a d e sc rip tio n o f ty p e s , to g e th e r w it h a d e s c r ip tio n o f p u m p in g p la n ts to m eet g iv e n co n ditio n s. S p e c ia l a tte n tio n w ill b e g iv e n to c e n tr ifu g a l a n d t u r b in e p u m p s, a n d the com plete ca lcu la tio n s a n d p a r t d e s ig n o f a h ig h -p re s su r e , m u lti-sta g e tu r b in e p u m p w ill be in c lu d e d . O p e n to S e n io r s ; p re re q u is ite s , C o u rs e s 2 1 6 an