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“THE COLLEGE NEWS

‘

Wednesday, February 27, 1963

 

News Fronts Here And Abroad
UWF Members Actively Urge
A. World Federation For Peace

by Pauline Dubkin
The goal of the: United | World

Federalists, ‘an-aetive—and- growing -

organization with members through-
_ out the United States, is “to achieve
world peace through enforceable
world law.”

It is the Jatter part of this state-

ment that sets UWF apart from oth-,

er well-known peace groups. Unit-
.ed World Federalists consider-peace
demonstrations and urging of unilat-
eral disarmament unrealistic. They
advocate instead a world federation,
~<"for establishment of law and~order .
on the world level.
ee Several members of this group,
including Mrs. Janice Gordon, Bryn

Mawr alumna, visited the college on -

February 17 to stimulate student in-

terest. in the UWF and to explain
its principles.

The federal principle has worked
well in the United States, and UWF
members :believe it could be: equally
successful on a world-wide basis,
(They do not, however, advocate a
complete world government..
federation they hope to see estab-
lished would be concerned only with
the problem. of world peace). ,

In large measure, the Federalist’
position is the same as the official
U. S. position in foreign policy. Both
hope for the establishment of per-
manent peace. Both want plans
that can be trusted by the United
States and the U.S\S.R, The Fed-
eralists feel that these hopes can
become realities through a world
federation.

UNITED NATIONS

Although the UWF believes that
the United Nations is the best in-
strument through which world law
can be maintained, they. favor re-
_ vision in the structure of that or-

ganization. For it to have the

power of keeping world peace, they
would, for’ example, revise-the-one-
voté-per-country system (whereby
the great world powers have no more
voice than. smaller, less important
. countries), take away the veto, and
establish a U..N. army and a world

court with compulsory - jurisdiction. -

The United World Federalists
adhere to the doctrines expouhded in
a book by Grenville Clark and Lewis
Sohn, World Peace Through World
Law, published in 1957, The book,
which the #ederalists consider to be

one of the most important contribu-
tions to the problem of peace, dis-
cusses in detail the revisions.that are
necessary to make the U.N. the pro-
tector and maintainer of world peace
through law. It is required reading
for anyone interested in the UWF
and what. it stands for. |

‘Education is an important aspect
of the UWF program.. Several dis-
cussion groups in various colleges
are now studying the problems of

_.iuclear war, the arms -race, and

Dinner System Revisions
. May Be Rediscussed_

. Tonight’s meeting of Legisla-

ture, scheduled for 9:30, has osten-
sibly only one item on its agenda—
a discussion of the proposed chan-
ges. in.-Undergrad’s . constitution,
_ which will go into effect next
"year if it is passed. °
- Recalling the heated debate of
last Tuesday’s meeting over Shir-*

Yey “Daniel’s™ ‘suggested-revision~of~—except ‘unskilled labor.
:... the- dinner -system, however,.-one

realizes that it is entirely ‘possible

that —there-—will. be -an—attempt.

made to reopen debate on that is-

“= gue. When. and if such an attempt™

is made, it will rest with Cathy
Trapnell, Senior -Class- President
who presides over the meeting, to
decide whether the debate should
_ be reopened. | =

o.

ee bite te =

The

possible ways to peace. Material for

‘these  study-and-discussion courses

is avaflable from the UWF.
The “organization; is anxious for
interested students to find out more

about its goals, plans and proposals.

The student branch of the UWF is
sponsoring a Student Conference
on Disarmament and World Law
in Washington from March 29-31,
which will feature speakers and’ dis-
cussions on every aspect of the sub-
ject. A student need not be a UWF
member to attend the conference. ~

Another speech sponsored by the
Federalists will be given by Norman

Cousins, editor of the Saturday Re-_
view and, Honorary President of the

‘UWF. Mr. Cousins will deliver a
‘World. Report” on Wednesday, Feb-

“ruary 27, at 8:30 p.m. at the Con-

estoga High School, Conestoga and

a country so néar our shores obvi-~

—-mit_them-to- do--so.”.

Irish Roads,..Berwyn. Admission is.

free.

For further information on any
aspect of the UWF, contact Jody
Green in Denbigh.

v

Es Troops In Cuba —
“Require Definite U. S. Policy ©

by. Diane Schuller

Recently the
Senate Preparedness Subcommittee,
Senator John Stennis, spoke before ©
the Senate on an issue which simply

refuses to die in ‘spite of all the.

‘White House efforts to ~kill it.

In his report, which was the re-
sult of a Senate investigation of the
Cuban threat, he stated, “It is es-
sential that. we face up to the fact
that the Communists are now here
in the Western Hemisphere, and that
they are here to yt we per-

The. Russians’ being. in n pharge of

ously bothers people... Intelligence

sources have indicated that there ~

are at least 17,000 Russian soldiers

-in-Cuba,-but-this_report.does not. in-

clude the Czechs, other East Euro-
peans and the Red Chinese. The
Communist-bloc total thus: would
come to many more than the 17,000

 

Not. merely local dross.
- So grievous is our. loss,
So great th’ Inquirer’s gain,

 

On The TIMES.
(What Milton, might have written during. a ‘newspaper ‘strike)

by: Pauline Dubkin

Fly, envious Times, till the ITU runs out’ its races,
Give us no more the lazy leaden-stepping Inquirer,
Which we read at but the heavy plummet’s pace; _ on
And let us glut ourselves*with what thy. press devours, °
Which is no less than all that’s fit to print,

* Joy shall overtake us as a flood | *s.
When every paper ‘that’s sincerely good,
The Herald Tribune, Daily News, and you, ial shine
Outside our doors,at break of day, ~
When once our yearning souls shall clime,
And all this Philly grossness quit...
Then attired with puzzle, we shall for ever sit, . *
Triumphing over Bulletin and Inquilrr: with thee, O Times.

 

 

Chairman of the:

officially reported.

The mystery — all along has been
why Russia kept her reported 17,000
men in Cuba. The theory that they
were there to help Castro defend
Cuba against invasion makes little
sense,

. TARGET—LATIN AMERICA

The threat to ‘the United States
is real but indirect. ‘Those 17,000
Russian troops aren’t about to in-
vade the United’ States. - Their tar-
get is Latin America.

Director John McCone of “he
Central Intelligence Agency has re-
ported that the subversive activities

ef-the Fidel Castro-regime have in- ~

creased greatly in Latin America.
since.” the apparent withdrawal - of
Soviet medium-range missiles from
Cuba. - He revealed that 1,500 sabo-
teurs and communist guerrillas were
trained in Cuba during the past 12

months and are now at work in

Latin American ‘countries - carryine
out the Kremlin’s ° orders.for “pro-
tracted revolutionary action.”

The- immediate objective of the
Moscow-Havana axis is. apparently
to cause widespread .economic and
political chaos throughout. Latin
America by terrorizing local officials,

blowing up bridges, oil refineries, .
mines, and. destroying all means of

communication. Native communists
are being trained and armed at two
major guerrilla camps in Cuba. One
is. at Minas. Del Frio in Oriente
Province and another at La Cam-
para in Las Villas.

Since the October Cuban’ crisis,
the: subversive activities in Latin
America directed by Castro ‘have
greatly increased. Late .in October
in Venezuela, four electric power.
stations were dynamited by native
communists, who were following or-
ders from tne:Castro regime.

In December, weapons for guerrilla
warfare arrived aboard a Cuban ship

President Kennedy Hopes To Cure Youth. Problems
With A Multi-Phase Program Now Before Congress

by Diane Schuller :
Sandwiched between President
Kennedy’s' major proposals before
Congress this year (such as the tax
program, medical care and aid to

education) is a seemingly obscure:

bill which will probably be one of
the first ones to be considered. _
This bill concerns. the chief prob-
lems affecting the nation’s youth
and the President’s proposed solu-
tion. It is a multi-phase program
designed to deal with the unemploy-

ment, health and delinquency _prob-

lems of American youth.

It- has: been reported that today’s
youth, once 38 percent of the United
States -population, now comprise 39
percent. .This'means added pres-
sures on schools and on, the labor
market. In the.1960’s, it is estim-
ated that -over-26 million young. peo-
ple’ will be seeking’ employment.

Today, youths~just out of school,
auen ih to 21, comprise only 7 per-

cent of the labor force, but 18 per- ..

cent of the unemployed. -Idleness -
among young‘ workers is two and
one-half times the national average.
For minority groups and high school
drop-outs, the figure is even higher.
In the 1960’s, about 7.5 million: stu-
dents will quit school befowe obtain-
ifig’ a high school diploma, and ‘will

orie-thind of tested school children
failed to ‘pass “minimum physical -
achievement tests” in ‘a recent ‘sur-

_vey of 200,060 children. More than

consequently be prepared for Tittle _-
= eruited has--not--been: given; but is

There are. also Sroblems divoles

ing increased crime and lack of phy-»

With respect to | “ju-—
cases brought |

sical -fitness.
venilé’ * delinquency,-

75 percent failed a more comprehen-
sive physical-performance test.

President Kennedy’s - proposed so-
lution t8 these problems is seen in
four new corps: a Youth Conserva-
tion Corps, a “Hometown” Corps,
aNational Service Corps and an
increase in the Peace Corps.

The Youth Conservation Corps is

designed to help the- “unemployed,
unskilled and unwanted,’sIt would
‘enroll about 15,000 youths at the
start. They would be put to work
Improving our forests and recrea-
tion areas.’
_ In. addition, 40, 000 of the young
ei e who"need help would benefit
the “Hometown” Corps. Here,:
the. Federal Government would pay
half; the costs .of employing youths
on local, non-profit projects such. as
hospitals, schools -and. -parks.

 

"The National Service Corps, often

called the- “domestic Peace Corps,” —
would recruit young people who wish
to help others. However, it would
not be confined, to youth. People of.
all age groups would work under lo-
cal direction in mental-health cen-
ters,~ hospitals,.. Indian reservations
and slums. The number to be re-
described as “small.” . Some. of. us -
may . recall fillling ‘out recently a
“questionnatze, ént by the National
Peace Corpsy to discover what kinds

‘quarters.

to éxpand thiS to 13, 000. :

To combat delinquéncy, the Presi-
dent would continue for three more
years federal grants to finance more
than. fifty demonstration projects in
communities around -the - country.
To combat poverty, he asks for
“substantial increases” in public as-
sistance. funds to ‘promote -health.
He, wants greatly increased grants
for maternal: and child-health pro-
grams. Finally, to combat ignor~
ance, ‘he again.suggests a “compre-
hensive” aprogram of federal. aid to
education.

Most of the cnsoittion to the Pres-
ident’s * program comes from. two
“Conservative and rural
Republicans, . along with Southern
Democrats, have felt that too much
money would4be spent for’ a result
too uncertain.

Some. Republicans have argued
that Mr. Kennedy’s approach is too

indirect and only a stopgap;- more

on-the-job’ training for specific jobs *
_would be more productive, they have.
said.

There are those on both sides of
the political fence who agree on one
criticism of the President’s program
for action,, Some of its opponents —
complain; and'some of its supporters
fear, that t will be ‘overrated -a$ a
panacea for all ills of thenation’s
-youth.. As the President said, some
700,000 youths. were out of school
and out of work.in the school months-
“of 1962.— “Unfortunately, ° the corps .
combined: would occupy barely a

before “the courts: have=more- than--of jabs people joining:.a domestic -tenth. of them...

doubled in the last decade.
There. has .been a great deal of
discussion lately . about lack of phy-

peace“corps would like to have.
The Peace Corps, largely compos-
ed of young people, is already esti-

sieal fitness in our. country, and mated at several thousand. By Sep-.

nd ayicla npatliean tat prance cas

re eye nen

oore ‘ ya | he

— = aS }
teil Latest Sada S ee a A ee OO GN

' As. the — President has soted:

awareness of the many problems re- —

-lating to. our nation’s youth isa
‘large part of the battle. But it is

_. our i ote is. no ) secegtion. oe tefhber 1964, ise ro prynotes.. / action _: will spell. the difference.

.

PN a eR EE COOL ETT PR

in Brazil and were transported to
the Communist Peasants’: League
Headquarters there... In Ecuador,
-there have been several Indian up-
risings. Miguel Lechon, who ‘heads

the Ecuadorian Federation of Indi-.

ans has .recently returned from a
visi€ to Cuba. and was quoted as say-
ing, “One day more than - 200,000
Indians ‘will descend from the moun-
tains to take their land.” There

have also been serious guerrilla out-.

breaks in Peru and Costa Rica whch
have been led by. Castro-trained
agents.

Funds have been innit illegally

from Cuba to communists ‘through-
Instructions by _

_ out Latin America.”
radio are going from Havana to Red
terrorists, especially. those-in- Vene-

zuela. The reason is very simple and:
Venezuela is

extremely important.
the ‘most vital source of iron ore for
the United States and is also one of
the great oil reserves of the world.
If Castro and his cohorts could obtain,
these vast resources, they-could-deal—
the United States a mortal blow.
It is apparent that Castro’s Cuba

~is Khrushchev’s' number one train---~ .
ing school for guerrilla warfare in °

the Western Hemsphere. This may
be why President Kennedy said:, “I
regard Latin America as the most
critical area in the world today.”
The President must realize how a
Russian’ pase. in Cuba downgrades
the United States’ image through-
out Latin America. To these coun-
tries Russia seems strong and en-
trenched, while the United States
appears weak. Perhaps this will ex-
plain all of the White House efforts
to show how few the Russians really’
are. and how relatively weak their
weapons.

The‘ problem which remains : to be
solved is how to force or entice the
Russians out of Cuba. Premier
Khrushchev has. promised to. with-
draw. “several thousand” of his
troops from Cuba by March 15. The
true significance of this move de-
pends on “how many and what. kind.”

While Khrushchev has been making—

promises to ‘us, he has apparently
been making them also to Castro.
Cuba has announced that Soviet Rus-

sia has agreed to build’ a “fishing.

port” near Havana. Informed sources
“believe this “fishing port” may~ be
‘the start of a Communist naval and
submarine-base which could possibly
be built up to counter the United
States Navy Base at Guantanamo. ©

So far as could be learned through

®the screen of secrecy thrown about

‘the -well-known sea and air observa-
tions of Commuist shipping in and
out of Cuba, there is no evidence
that Soviet Premier Khrushchev, has

relented on ‘his promiseto remove
~Jong-range nuclear: warhead ‘missiles,

from the island. However, it is
known that shorter range atomic
weapons can easily be ‘stored in
Cuba, possibly in the caves , where
refugees have repeatedly reported
them to be located.

POSITIVE. ACTION

In considering all of the facts, I
feel that Senator Stennis has very
adequately summed up the- feelings:

of many Americans regarding the ©

‘Cuban crisis. “What concerns me
is Whether .we. intend to permit a
Communist government, to exist in
Cuba or other Latin-American coun-
tries. If we do, then we should
"reconcile ourselve$ to the fact. that’ .
these countries. will be used as bases
to subvert other Latin-American na-
tions’and that, sooner or later, the-
entire Western.Hemisphere may be
lost to us. If we dosnot, then it is

‘time to take positive action to make: © ~~

“it Clear that‘ we have ‘a national will

,and purposeto. eradicate all commu-

6

nist goyernments in this hemisphere.

though risk be-involved.”
w- ae — aOR , a

we agentn Se he ee ee ea

“Americans want to be told that we :
have a.definite policy, and a plan
which. will ‘accomplish this—even.:

wt