S Page Two THE COLLEGE NEWS i Wednesday, December 7, 1960 Some Local Respunsibilities Last week the United States Military Academy at West Point held its twelfth annual Student Conference on United States Affairs, for the purpose of examining national secur- ity policy and providing students with an appreciation of the complexities of policy formulation. Although it is the happy prerogative and general practice of students to judge policy makers and censure them for lack of foresight, boldness, and imagination, nonetheless, this conference produced not the usual gay round of verbal assault on Senate and State De- partment, but amazingly enough, the complete reverse. While allowing student delegates opportunity for critical examina- _ tion of government procedures, it at the same time pointed up, indirectly but dramatically, three distinct areas of for- eign policy formulation in which they as students have a re- sponsibility distinct from and surpassing that of the gad-fly. |' The few hours of playing policy-maker and working within the narrow limitations imposed by his power to exe- cute, demonstrated as little else could just how essential it is that students meet the first of these academic responsibilities. While the professional policy maker must discard what may be potentially good ideas because of difficulties involved in their implementation, the student, in spite of or because of nis lack of freedom to execute is free to transcend the limits placed by expediency on the practicing politician and expand beyond the bounds of the obvious. A sufficient number of ideas (by definition of the term sufficient) will inevitably lead to the translation of some into action; while the policy maker tussles with the implementation and evaluation of existing schemes, it is the responsibility of the student to keep up a steady supply of new ones. The second area of academic responsibility, one for which the student qua student is even more directly answerable, is the grand-scale study and analysis of social and political situations in the United States and abroad. Though certain- ly not a new demand, it was brought forth with a shocking clarity in both the discussion sessions, where the number of unknowns in any given problem became painfully apparent, and in the closing address delivered by the Honorable Dean Rusk at the final banquet. This responsibility for providing policy makers with what they need to know of the values, | mores, and institutions of newly emerging and underdevelop- ed nations particularly, and for thinking through the com- mon human denominators upon which a viable world com- munity can be based, was stressed by Mr. Rusk, now Presi- dent of the Rockefeller Foundation. Finally, the three days of grappling with the issues and nearing the experts was enough to make crystal clear what everyone knows but few realize; that is, that the people in the next few years who must teach in the schools, work in the hospitals, and build the bridges in underdeveloped areas throughout the world are not a distant and mysterious set of the dedicated, but rather, we ourselves. The policies, pro- grams, and ideas that must be put into play to meet the Com- munist challenge in emerging nations are completely in our hands. Our own preparation for facing up to and handling this awesome task is then, the third and possibly the most important of these academic responsibilities. In spite of rumors to the contray, there is no sign of a flu epedemic anywhere in the world at this time. How- ever, for those who would still like immunization, the in- firmary will offer ‘the innoculation at regular dispensary hours. The price for a booster is $1.00, but there is no ad- ditional charge for those needing two shots, the hardy souls who survived last winter without one. THE COLLEGE NEWS FOUNDED IN 1914 Pubiisned weekiy during tne College Year (except during Tnanksgiving, Christmas and Easter nolidays, and during examina- tion weexs) ‘in tne interest of Bryn Mawr College. at the Ardmore Printing’ Company, Aramore, Pa., and Bryn Mawr College. The College News is fuliy protected by copyright. Nothing that appears in it may be reprintea wnoliy or in part witnout permission of tne Editor-in-Chief. EDITORIAL BOARD ES SESE mE Ae SUES SOG TETAS ESSE Marion Coen, ‘62 RN NE ii vkss sc cccees esis stsssrsbcsgetacens Kristine Gilmartin, ‘63 Do Or re rrr ren er ON Isa Brannon, ‘62 PO I, csv ek c ose cece es becrseseeeerecseeyacees Suzy Spain, ‘63 WU I oi Scab s cc cihebsecedeeresevesuceeces ws. Judy Stuart, ‘62 Member-at-Large ............. ey kha e es hoc e ss ius Alison Baker, ‘62 EDITORIAL STAFF ' Janice Copen, ‘63; Helen Angelo, ‘63; Berna Landsman, ‘63; Judith Bailey, ‘63; . Wanda Bershen, ‘64; Ellen Beidler, ‘64; Caren Goretsky, ‘64; Helen Levering, ‘64; Rosabeth Moss, ‘64; Ellen Rothenberg, ‘64; Sally Schapiro, ‘64; Arlene Sherman, ‘64; Jo-Anne Wilson, ‘64. BUSINESS BOARD I NN iso cncsk op ech e ted ee tee whee cbaccces Judith Jacobs, ‘62 Associate Business Manager... 1... 2.6.6 cece cece eee Nancy Culley, ‘63 « Staff Photographers ............... Jean Porter, ‘62; Charlotte Brodkey, ‘62 ici kos ese lisetccccceebes Margaret Williams, 2 I MR asa ec ieee nase ssevesentocbscnver Robin Nichols, ‘ NT rr eee Susan Klempay, ‘63 BUSINESS STAFF Anne Davis, ‘61; Ann Levy, ‘61; Nancy Wolfe, ‘61; Nancy Culley, ‘63; Martha .Learsaon, ‘63; Sharon Mossman, “63.00 Students Discuss — Africa’s Situation, Wish For Freedom “It is impossible to understand Africa today without knowing what has made it that way”, said Wamere Mwangi, BMC sophomore from Kenya, at the’ Current Events discussion Monday night. By sketching briefly the original Euro- pean trade routes around Africa, Wamere gave the patterns of col- onization, from which the twenti- eth century is feeling so many re- percussions. The partitioning of Africa, de- cided by a British convention in the late nineteenth century, de- pended upon the nationality of the original white settlers. The re- sulting partitions gave way to the protectorates and territories which the Africans are so desperately anxious to abolish. The white set- tlers changed the existing tribal cultures by introducing Christian- ity, European languages, educa- tion, fashion. ‘Worst of all,” said Wamere, “they took our land, And if the Africans didn’t have land, what did they have?” A growing desire for the land, and for freedom from European government, has resulted in what Wamere terms “the time to say no”, Everyone in Africa today is talking politics; all are burning with national pride. As Wamere said, “We are troubled and strug- gling”’. Jan Douglass, ’61, talked about West Africa, which she visited this summer as part of the Cross- roads Africa program. has brought many new advantages and problems. Education, public works, the cities and the status of women have improved consider- ably, but Jan noted that many .old- er Africans fear their cultural heritage is being submerged. Many young people, Jan said, are break- ing with their families and going to the cities to work, as the new movements accent the differences between the generations, Many of the American mission- aries, tourists, and in some in- stances the government officials, have made grave mistakes in Africa. Jan quoted a missionary who was heard saying, “I didn’t come here to love these ‘people, but to preach the gospel.” Also, African papers carry news stories about America which we think don’t get beyond our borders. This is especially true of instances of discrimination, as the African identifies with the American Neg- ro. “However”, Jan said, “there is not really an anti-white feeling in West Africa”. Though we are closely linked with colonialism, which may prove very harmful in our dealings with Africa, we have participated in some of the pro- grams which are providing Africa with the assistance she needs, The teacher and student exchanges are particularly good, as is the’ tech- nical aid. 0 Letter to the Editor Sons of BMC Alumna Donate ‘Gambling’ Gains To Foster Parents Fund To the Editor of the College News: We have been following with great interest your recent alarums and excursions re Foster Parents’ Plan, and my three sons and I would like to contribute the en- closed check for $8 to the student fund. This represents half the pro- ceeds of a little gambling we were doing in the neighborhood previous to (shh!) November 8th, The first- grader did particularly well on odds, and he would like me to tell Laurie ly PO Karen Black, ‘61; Lois Potter, ‘61; Yvonne Erickson} ‘62; Ann Levy, ‘61; Suzanne Klempay, ‘63; Jane Hettner, ‘63; Annette Kieffer, _ '61;’Libby Redfield, ‘64; Stephanie Condon, ‘62. : Subscription, $3.50. Mailing price, $4.00. Subscription may begin at any time. Entered as second class matter at the Ardmore, Pa., Post Office, under the Act _ of March 3, 1879. aan ier cere EN IO one month. Yours truly, “Sandol S. Warburg you that the other eight is going foster-brother for approximately | _ (Class of 748, grad. 759) Conference at West Point. |Surveys National Security by Marion Coen Over two-hundred students con- verged at West Point last week to exchange ideas on American se- curity, to sample the complica- tions of actual policy formulation, and to hear some advice and en- couragement from the experts. For three days 82 college delegates (Hanna Woods and I among them) wrestled with the problems facing the United States in the ’60’s and tried their hands at formulating some ‘bold new policies’ to meet them. ws Opening the 12th annual Stud- ent Conference for United States Affairs, keynote speaker Nelson A. Rockefeller suggested ‘as the general goal of all United States foreign policy the establishment of “a viable world order in which individual freedom and the dignity of man can be advanced”. A panel discussion later that evening about the central problems facing policy makers was considerably more specific. General Courtland Schuy- ler, executive assistant to Rocke- feller and one-time second man on NATO discussed the problems of the Western alliance; Dr. Leo Cherne, Executive Director of the Institute of America spoke on’ aid to underdeveloped nations and arms control; and Mr. Charles (Marshall of the Washington Cen- ter of Foreign Policy Research, talked on the Communist challenge in emerging nations. In speaking of NATO, General Schuyler urged student policy mak- ers to take a sufficiently wide view chological effect on Western Eur- ope of visible military strength and described the current power: as ‘formidable — though not what we'd like to have’, Dr. Cherne ,on factors affecting aid to underdeveloped areas, noted that the current dollar deficit will indubitably affect our aid to un- derdeveloped nations while the de- cidedly unnecessary investment in developed Western Europe goes unchecked. He startled the audience with an unabashed criticism of the UN which has, he feels, been funda- mentally and permanently altered in the last 90 days, because of the deep and corrosive effect of the Soviets on the Secretariat. “They may not have succeeded in giving it three heads,” he said, “but they certainly cut off the one it had.”| Mr. Charles Marshall pointed out and discussed the paradox involve ed when new states whose insti- tutions have not yet reached poli- tical maturity, clothe themselves in the morality of a questionable neutralism and act as judges in cold-war competitions. The next day conferees met in 15-man discussion growps to hash out some of these same problems. Armed with gleanings from an in- terminable reading list provided by West Point earlier in the sem- ester, discussants met for a total of five hours formally, and double 'that on shuttle ~buses—andover__ Es coffee, to try to accurately define the difficulties, Thursday night’s panel of ex- perts dealt with the somewhat more knotty problems of actual po- resentatives of the executive and legislative branches of government and a member of the press. General A, J. Goodpastor, staff secretary to President. Eisenhower, emphasized the tremendous area of presidential responsibilty and called for cooperation’ in~ helping to meet it. Mr. J. K. Mansfield, staff director of a senate sub-com- mittee defended the Congress as vastly underrated by the American public. He cited “the awesomely high percentage"of Phi Beta Kapi- pas among them and suggested the lack of time, information, and technical knowledge as a factor influencing and complicating their work. : Speaking for the press and pub- lic opinion, Newsweek’s Ernest Lindley challenged these decided- .y sympathetic portrayals of the legislative and executive branches commenting that while some Con- gressmen were, no doubt, superior, the_election of most is hard to ex- plain. Of public opinion, he~said that while the American people have generally needed crises to keep them aroused each period of national relaxatiom has been con- siderably less protracted than the one which preceded: it, Lindley’s cynicism regarding ex- ecutive and legislative prowess in | policy~making—was—echoed pretty consistently by student delegates during the first hours of the con- ference. Nonetheless, the result of the next day’s discussion ses- sions on policy making gave a real insight into the complexity of problems involved, Generally, stu- dents discovered creativity and initiative in policy-making easier talked about than achieved; dis- cussion revolved mainly about evaluation of old ideas, and when new ones came up they were often ‘by the State Department or aca- demic expert assigmed to the pan- el, This discovery on the part of the student delegates and the conclu- sion that follows from it, that some hard thinking must be done in the area of foreign affairs be- fore ‘boldness and orginiality’ in policy making will be feasible, was emphasized in the closing address of the conference by the Honor- able Dean Rusk, President of the Rockefeller Foundation. He urged that the social science depart- ments in universities rise to their responsibilities in meeting the meeting the problems of the day. The common bonds which unite all men must be discovered and defin- ed before a world community can be built upon them, and this he of our academic responsibility. “In and Around Philadelphia PLAYS Show Girl, a new musical starring Carol Channing, opens at the Locust Theater on December 12 for a one-week stay. The World of Susie Wong continues this week at the Forrest, ~ My Fair Lady opened this week at the Shubert. a Born Yesterday will be presented by the Neighborhood Players at the 22nd and (Walnut Theater for five weekends from December 10: to January 8. MUSIC \ Shanty Boys, recording artists from New York, will appear in an eve- ning of folk music at the Moorestown Community House on Sat- urday evening, December 17, at 8:30. Kenneth §S.. Goldstein, folklorist, ballad scholar, and anthropologist, will present tape recordings of living tradition in Scotland which he made while on a Fulbright there. The program will take place at the International House on Sunday, December 11 at 8:15. licy formation. Speaking were rep- : eliminated by a flaw pointed out . called one of the central aspects: e rrenc 1 Renaissance is the title of an illustrated Sashes by Colin. Eisler, Assistant Professor, New York University Insti- tute of Fine Arts, to be given in the Van Pelt Auditorium at 2 p.m. Sunday, December 11. Next week’s lecture in this series, What do we mean by Renaissance Art? will be given by Charles Mitchell ___ of the Bryn Mawr History of Art Department. 0 wf